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Probability and Statistics MCQ Questions with answer

by Eguardian India / Model Question Papers
Probability and Statistics MCQ Questions with answer keys for preparation of
academic and competitive exams of various institutions.
Q1. If P(A) = 0.35, P(B) = 0.73, P(A∩B) = 0.14, find P(A U B)

Ans. 0.86
Q2. When two dice are tossed, what is the probability of getting four as the
sum of the face numbers?
Ans. 1/12
Q3: If A and B are independent and P (A) = 1/3 P(B) = 1/4, find P(A∩B)
Ans. 1/12
Q4. A coin is tossed thrice. What is the chance of getting all heads?
Ans. 1/8
Q5: If P(A) = 0.9, P(B/A) = 0.8, find P(A ÇB)

Ans. 0.72
Q6: If P(A) = 1/3, P(B) = 3/4 , find (P È B) = 11/12, find P(A/B) and P(B/A)
Ans. 2/9, 1/2
Q7: There are 3 true coins and 1 false coin with ‘head’ on both sides. A coin is
chosen at random and tossed 4 times. If ‘Head’ occurs all the 4 times. If the
head occurs at all the 4 times, what is the probability that the false coin has
chosen and used?
Ans. 16/19
Q8: A random variable X has the following probability function
x 0 1 2 3 4
P
(
X 3 5 7 9
c
= c c c c
x
)
i) Find the value of c.(ii) Find P(X<4), P(X>4), P(0<X<4)

ii) Find the distribution function of X.
Ans. c = 1/25 and 16/25, 9/25, 3/5
Q9: The joint distribution of X and Y is given by

F(x,y) = x+y / 21, x = 1,2,3; y = 1,2 Find the marginal distributions.
Ans. 5/21, 7/21, 9/21, and 9/21, 12/21,
Q10: Two coins are thrown simultaneously and let X denotes the number of
heads. Calculate all possible outcomes and find the probability distribution of
X. Also calculate the expected values of X.
Ans. Let H denotes the head and T denotes the tail. So all possible outcomes
after tossing two coins simultaneously are
Outcomes Number of heads Probability of occurrence
HH 2 2/4 = ½
HT 1 1/4
TH 1 1/4
TT 0 0
So, E(X) = 0.f(x) + 1.f(x) + 2.f(x) = 1. 2/4 + 2. ½ = 3/2
Q11: Let pmf of discrete random variable is p(x) = 1/n, where x = 1,2,3,4,…..
Find E(X).
Ans. (n+1)/2
Q12: By throwing a fair die, a game is played. A player wins Rs. 20 if 2 turns
up, Rs. 40 if 4 turns up and loses Rs.30 if 6 turns up. And he never loses or
gains if any other number turns up. Find the expected value of money won.
Ans. E(X)=5
Q13: X is a random variable whose density function is
Q14: Find the mean of the random variable X, if its pdf is given by
f(x)= 6x(1-x), 0≤x≤1.
Ans. E(X)=1/2
Q15: If the joint pdf of (X,Y) is given by f(x,y)= 24y(1-x), 0≤y≤x≤1, find E(XY).
Ans. E(XY)=4/15
Q16: Assume two random variables X and Y jointly distributed with density
function f(x,y)= x+y¸ 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1. Find Cov(X,Y).
Ans. -1/144.
Q17. Two events A and B are independent if and only if P(AUB) is equal to
which among the following?
a. P(A) U P(B)
b. P(A)*P(B)
c. P(A) ∩ P(B)
d. P(A ∩ B)
Q18. Two or more events are independent if the occurrence of one ____ the
occurrence of the other.
a. is the same as the
b. depends on
c. does not affect the
d. differs from the
Q19. All possible outcomes of an experiment are called which among the
following?
a. mutually independent events
b. mutually exclusive events
c. independent events
d. exhaustive events
Q20. If f is a function (mapping) from S into the set R of all real numbers and
X = f(s), sϵS, then which among the following holds?
a. X is an independent variable
b. X is called a random variable on S
c. S is called a random variable on S
d. S is an independent variable
Q21. Which is not a possible outcome of tossing 3 coins together?

a. HHTT
b. HTHH
c. TTTT
d. All of these
Q22. If (X, Y) is a two-dimensional random variable, and if X & Y are
independent then V(X+Y)
a. V(X) + V(Y)
b. V(X) – V(Y)
c. V(X)*V(Y)
d. [V(X)+V(Y)] / sqrt[{V(X)*V(Y)}]
Q23. The measure of association between two random variables is called

which of the following?
a. convergence
b. covariance
c. conditional variance
d. conditional expectation
Q24. If X and Y are independent random variables, then E(XY) is equal to
which of the following?
a. E(X)+E(Y)
b. E(X)*E(Y)
c. [E(X)+E(Y)] / sqrt[{E(X)*E(Y)}] d. [E(X)-E(Y)] / sqrt[{E(X)*E(Y)}]
Q25. The moment generating function of the sum of a number of the

independent random variable is ____ the product of their respective moment
generating functions.
a. greater than or equal to
b. lesser than
c. equal to
d. lesser than or equal to
Q26. Which of the following is Not among the requisites of a good average?
a. should be based on all values
b. should be easy to calculate
c. should be affected by sampling fluctuation
d. should have sampling stability
Q27. Which of the following does not fall among the category of averages?
a. Mathematical Average
b. Harmonic Average
c. Positional Average
d. Miscellaneous Averages
Q28. Which of the following method cannot be used to find the arithmetic
mean for individual series?
a. Indirect method
b. Direct method
c. Step deviation method
d. Short cut method
Q29. The geometric mean is ___ than the arithmetic mean.

a. always larger
b. never larger
c. always lesser
d. never lesser
Q30. The total number of items of a value divided by the sum of reciprocal of
values of the variable is known as which of the following?
a. Harmonic mean
b. Deciles
c. Median
d. Weighted Arithmetic average
Q31. The most commonly used measure of central tendency is which of the
following?
a. Step deviation method
b. Arithmetic average
c. Harmonic Mean
d. Geometric mean
Q32. The value which occurs with the maximum frequency is called ____.
a. Cumulative frequency
b. Quartile
c. Mode
d. Median
Q33. The absolute measure of variation does not include which of the
following?
a. Standard Deviations
b. Range
c. Quartile Deviations
d. Median deviation
Q34. Which among the following is the simplest method of studying

variations?
a. Limits
b. Dispersion
c. Range
d. Deviation
Q35. Quartile divides the total frequency into how many equal parts?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Five
Q36. Which of the following term is Not used to describe standard deviation?
a. mean square error deviation
b. Mean error deviation
c. Variation
d. Root mean square deviation
Q37. Which of the following is Not among the properties of standard

deviation?
a. is always lesser than zero
b. It is independent of origin
c. is the least of all RMS Deviations
d. It is not independent of scale
Q38. Which of the following is the requirement of Bernoulli Trials?

a. The probability of the outcome is random
b. Each trial has more than 2 outcomes
c. all the trials are mutually dependent
d. all the trials are statistically independent
Q39. Which of the following conditions is invalid regarding Binomial Random

Variable?
a. Trails must be Bernoulli trails
b. The outcome should be a success or failure
c. The outcome must be dependent
d. The probability of success must be constant
Q40. The standard normal distribution is the Normal distribution for which
the mean is ___ and the variance is 1.
a. Zero
b. One
c. Constant
d. Random variable
Q41. Which among the following is not a type of correlation?

a. Simple correlation
b. complex correlation
c. Linear correlation
d. Non-linear Correlation
Q42. Two variables are said to be ___ correlated when both the variables
under study move in the same direction.
a. linearly
b. negatively
c. positively
d. perfectly
Q43. When both the variables change at a constant rate irrespective of the
change in direction, then it is called ___ correlation.
a. non-linear
b. simple
c. partial
d. perfect
Q44. Which of the following is NOT among the methods used to find the
measurement of correlation?
a. Scatter Diagram method
b. Karl Pearson’s Coefficient method
c. Pearson’s rank method
d. Spearman’s Rank Coefficient method
Q45. The measure of the average relationship between two or more variables
in terms of the original units of the data is called which of the following?
a. deviation
b. regression
c. variation
d. dispersion
Q46. Multiple regression analysis can be used to find which of the following?
a. the estimates of the dependent variable from values of independent
variables
b. To obtain the measure of the error involved
c. To obtain a measure of the proportion of variance
d. all the above
Q47. Which of the following is not among the types of index numbers?
a. Price index number
b. Value Index Number
c. Weighted Index number
d. Quality Index number
Q48. Which of the following is not among the types of weighted aggregate
method?
a. Laspeyre’s method
b. Relative method
c. Fisher’s method
d. Walsch’s method
Q49. Fisher’s Ideal Method index number is the geometric mean of the
Laspeyre and ___ method.
a. Dorbish
b. Bowley’s
c. Paasche’s
d. Kelly’s
Q50. The consistency and adequacy of an index number formula CANNOT be

verified by which of the following?
a. Order reversal test
b. Factor reversal test
c. Time reversal test
d. Index reversal test
Software Testing and Quality Assurance with Answers pdf
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Probability and Statistics MCQ Questions with answer

Q1. If P(A) = 0.35, P(B) = 0.73, P(A∩B) = 0.14, find P(A U B)

Q5: If P(A) = 0.9, P(B/A) = 0.8, find P(A ÇB)

Q8: A random variable X has the following probability function

i) Find the value of c.(ii) Find P(X<4), P(X>4), P(0<X<4)

Q9: The joint distribution of X and Y is given by

Outcomes Number of heads Probability of occurrence

Q13: X is a random variable whose density function is

f(x)= 6x(1-x), 0≤x≤1.

Q21. Which is not a possible outcome of tossing 3 coins together?

Q23. The measure of association between two random variables is called

Q25. The moment generating function of the sum of a number of the

Q29. The geometric mean is ___ than the arithmetic mean.

Q34. Which among the following is the simplest method of studying

Q37. Which of the following is Not among the properties of standard

Q38. Which of the following is the requirement of Bernoulli Trials?

Q39. Which of the following conditions is invalid regarding Binomial Random

Q41. Which among the following is not a type of correlation?

Q50. The consistency and adequacy of an index number formula CANNOT be

Software Testing and Quality Assurance with Answers pdf

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