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    Present Perfect Tense and Adverbs

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    Present Perfect Tense and Adverbs

    Uploaded by

    andychavesch
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 views5 pages

    Present Perfect Tense and Adverbs

    Uploaded by

    andychavesch

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PRESENT PERFECT TENSE AND ADVERBS

    Uses (A period of time that continues from the past until now)

    Recently and In the last few days

    Have you heard anything from Brian recently?


    I’ve met a lot of people in the last few days.

    In the same way we use the present perfect with today / this evening / this year / etc. When these periods are
    not finished at the time of speaking:

    I’ve drunk four cups of coffee today.


    Have you had a holiday this year?
    I haven’t seen Tomas this morning. Have you?
    Rob hasn’t worked very hard this term.
    Notes

    1. Do not use the present perfect with time expression that express a definite (exact) time in the past. When
    you mention the definite time an event happened, use the simple past.

    I’ve taken the first exam in 2009. (Incorrect)


    I took the first exam in 2009. (Correct)

    2. We usually do not use “ever” in present perfect affirmative statements.

    I have ever competed in the International Math Olympiad. (Incorrect)


    I have competed in the International math Olympiad. (Correct)

    C. First Time Something Has Happened

    We say: It is the first time something has happened. For example:

    Don is having a driving lesson. It is his first one.


    It is the first time he has driven a car. (not “drives”) / This is the first time I’ve driven a car.
    He has never driven a car before.

    Sarah has lost her passport again. This is the second time this has happened. (not “happens”)

    Bill is phoning his girlfriend again. That’s the third time he’s phoned her this evening.

    Structure
    Notes

    1. Do not confuse the contraction of “is” with the contraction of “has” in the present perfect.

    He’s studying a lot. = He is studying a lot.


    He’s studied a lot. = He has studied a lot.

    2. Do not use a subject pronoun in information question when the “wh – word” is the subject.

    What has it happened? (Incorrect)


    What has happened? (Correct)

    Adverbs with The Present Perfect


    Regular Verbs

    Spelling Rules for Adding –ed Endings

    1. For many verbs, you only need to add the –ed ending.

    Work Worked
    Help Helped

    2. When a verb end with a silent e, add –d to the end of the world.

    Live Lived Like Liked

    3. When a verb ends in y, change the y to i and add –ed.

    Study Studied Copy Copied

    Exception: If the y comes after a vowel, do not change the y to i.

    Enjoy Enjoyed Delay Delayed

    4. If a verb ends in a “consonant + vowel + consonant”, double the final consonant and add –ed.

    Stop Stopped Admit Admitted

    Exception #1: Do not double the final consonant for words ending in w, x, or y.

    Mix Mixed Snow Snowed

    Exception #2: If a two-syllable verb ends in a “Consonant + Vowel + Consonant”, do not double the final
    consonant when the stress is on the first syllable.

    Happen Happened Offer Offered


    Enter Entered
    Pronunciation of Verbs Ending in –ed

    Voiceless/Unvoiced

    Voiced

    Voiced

    Note that it is the sound that is important, no the letter or spelling. For example, “fax” ends in the letter “x” but
    the sound /s/; “like” ends in the letter “e” but the sound /k/.

    List of Irregular Verbs

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