Scribd
Upload
25 views

Chapter Eight Cell Function Practice Test

Uploaded by

austin.palmer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
25 views

Chapter Eight Cell Function Practice Test

Uploaded by

austin.palmer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

8.

1 Life Is Cellular
What are the main points of cell theory?
A. All living things come from cells
B. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
C. New cells are produced from existing cells.

How do microscopes work?


A. Using several glass lenses in combination could magnify the smallest objects.

How did Hooke's work contribute to cell theory?


A. Hooke saw the cork seemed to be made of thousands of tiny empty chambers, he later
called them cells.

What does it mean if a micrograph is false colored?


It means that the object has color created by the computer since electron microscopes really
see in black and white. It also makes certain structures stand out.

What are the defining characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?


Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler when compared to eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells do not enclose their genetic material within a nucleus. In eukaryotic cells the
nucleus separates the genetic material from the rest of the cell.

What types of organisms have eukaryotic cells?


Protists,plants animals and fungi.

German scientist Shlieden and Schwann determined that the basic unit of structure and function
in living things is called the
A. Atom
B. Molecule
C. Cell
D. Nucleus
C

What is the basic concept of biology that includes the idea that new cells can be produced only
by the division of existing cells? The concept is the Cell theory

If you wanted to observe the detailed structure of a mitochondrion, which type of microscope
would you use? The two types of microscopy used for viewing mitochondrial form within cells
are light microscopes.
8.2 Cell Structure
What is the role of the cell nucleus?
A. The nucleus contains nearly all the cells DNA and the coded instructions for making
proteins and other important molecules
What organelles help make and transport proteins and other macromolecules?
A. the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus

Does the rough endoplasmic reticulum or the smooth endoplasmic reticulum send proteins on to
the Golgi Apparatus? The rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Compare the role of vacuoles and lysosomes in a cell.


A. Vacuoles store materials such as water salts, proteins and carbohydrates. Lysosomes
break down the lipids carbohydrates and proteins into small molecules that can be used
by the rest of the cell.

Describe the steps making packaging and exporting a protein from a cell?
1. Proteins are assembled on the ribosomes.
2. Proteins targeted for export to the cell membrane or to the specialized locations within
the cell complete their assembly on ribosomes bound to the rough endoplasmic
reticulum.
3. Newly assembled proteins are carried from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi
apparatus in vesicles.
4. The Golgi apparatus further modifies proteins before sorting and packaging them in
membrane bound vesicles.
5. Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus are shipped to their final destination in or out of the
cell,
Explain why plant cells require both chloroplasts and mitochondria to meet their energy needs?
Plant cells, chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy, and mitochondria consume
the chemical energy to produce ATP. The optimal carbon fixation and plant growth require these
two energy-transforming organelles to perform strictly coordinated actions.

Proteins are assembled on


A. Ribosomes
B. Vacuoles
C. Lysosomes
D. Centriole
A Ribosomes

Why are mitochondria known as the power plants of the cell?


A. Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from
food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria
are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell

What is the structure for a cellular control center?


A. The nucleus is like the remote control center of the cell. It acts as the cell's brain by
telling it what to do, how to grow, and when to reproduce. The nucleus is home to the
cell's genes. A membrane, a thin layer that allows chemicals to pass in and out to the
rest of the cell, surrounds the nucleus.

What is the structure for organelles that build proteins?


A. the endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is
to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum
has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make
those proteins.

What is the structure for organelles that store, clean up and support.
A. Vesicles. Vacuoles are large membrane-enclosed structures. The function of vacuoles is
to store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

What is the structure for organelles that capture and release energy?
A. Mitochondria and chloroplasts help capture and release energy. All organisms need
energy to survive. In eukaryotic organisms, the organelles that help organisms harness
and generate useful forms of energy are the chloroplasts and mitochondria.

What is the structure for Cellular boundaries?


A. It maintains the integrity of a cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the
cell. All materials within a cell must have access to the cell membrane (the cell's
boundary) for the needed exchange. The cell membrane is a double layer of
phospholipid molecules

8.3 Cell Transport


How does passive transport work?
A. In passive transport, substances simply move from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration, which does not require the input of energy. Concentration
gradient, size of the particles that are diffusing, and temperature of the system affect the
rate of diffusion.

How does active transport work?


A. During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an
area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active”
because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of
passive transport

What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion? There is a distinction between
the two in that in simple diffusion, molecules move without the assistance of membrane
proteins, whereas in facilitated diffusion, membrane proteins assist molecules in their movement
downward.
Describe how molecules enter and leave a cell without the use of a cell's energy?
Molecules can enter and leave a cell without the use of the cell's energy through passive
transport mechanisms such as diffusion and osmosis. Facilitated diffusion, another passive
transport mechanism, involves the movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the
help of transport proteins

The relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that all organisms must
maintain in order to survive are called
A. Osmosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Homeostasis
D. Exocytosis
C. Homeostasis

Explain hypertonic and hypotonic and isotonic.


If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water will leave the cell, and the cell will shrink. In an
isotonic environment, there is no net water movement, so there is no change in the size of the
cell. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment, water will enter the cell, and the cell will
swell.

Explain why cells are almost always hypertonic to freshwater.


Because the cell is filled with salts, sugars, proteins, and other molecules, it is almost always
hypertonic to fresh water. So if a cell is in fresh water, water tends to move quickly into the cell,
causing it to swell or even burst

8.4 Homeostasis and Cells


How do unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis?
To maintain homeostasis, unicellular organisms grow, respond to the environment, transform
energy, and reproduce. The cells of multicellular organisms become specialized for particular
tasks and communicate with one another to maintain homeostasis.

How do the cells of a multicellular organism work together to maintain homeostasis?


The cells of multicellular organisms become specialized for particular tasks and communicate
with one another to maintain homeostasis. The specialized cells of multicellular organisms are
organized into tissues, then into organs, and finally into organ systems.

How does the specialization of cells contribute to maintaining homeostasis in multicellular


organisms?
The cells of multicellular organisms become specialized for particular tasks and communicate
with one another to maintain homeostasis. The specialized cells of multicellular organisms are
organized into tissues, then into organs, and finally into organ
Describe the levels of organization in a multicellular organism.
cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up organ systems. Organ
systems work together to carry out the many functions of the organism

By what general means do cells in a multicellular organism communicate?


Cells typically communicate using chemical signals. These chemical signals, which are proteins
or other molecules produced by a sending cell, are often secreted from the cell and released
into the extracellular space. There, they can float – like messages in a bottle – over to
neighboring cells

Topic 5 Intro to Cell


All living things are made of what? (except viruses)
Cells

Micrometer is 1000th T/F


True

Example of Prokaryotic (Think small simple)


Bacteria

Example of Eukaryotic (Think big +Complex)


Animal

Ribosomes are in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells T/F


True

Test Question
Why do we use the metric system?
Because it is internationally used, in multiples of 10, to convert you move the decimal.

Why are animal cells hard to study?


Because it’s hard to see where they start and end.

Anything that contracts without thinking is called what?


Smooth Cell

What is a cell wall?


Rigid wall lying outside the cell membrane

Is chloroplast and cell wall in a plant, animal, or both?


Plant cell

Centriole is plants and animals T/F


False it’s only in animals
Topic 7 Osmosis
The air is made of ______ that are constantly _______ and _________ themselves.
Atoms moving and mixing

Test Question
Diffusion is what? The movement of air molecules.

Cytoplasm means cell goo T/F


True

Test Question
Heterogenous mixture is liquid and anything _______
Floating

Test Question
Ribosomes are found in only Eukaryotic cells T/F
False are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Explain a nucleolus.
Makes ribosomes.

Does smooth endoplasmic reticulum have ribosomes or none?


No ribosomes

Does rough endoplasmic reticulum have ribosomes or none?


Has ribosomes

Organelles occur in quadruplets T/F


False they appear in pairs

Describe Cilia
Small pairs that aid in locomotion and feeding.

Describe Flagella
Long tail-like thing that aids in locomotion.

What did a cell look like in Darwin’s day


A glob of goo

A cell can’t come from ________ without being ___________


Nothing without being designed.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy