RNA Sequencing

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RNA sequencing - is a technique that allows us to begin with cells or tissues and

examine the expressed genes by taking advantage of next-generation sequencing


we can learn about changes in gene expression and identify novel splicing events
and genes.

next generation sequencing used for a variety of purposes including whole genome
sequencing, studying changes in gene expression, and metagenomic studies from
environmental samples

Intro to NGS where you take input material whether it's DNA or RNA, fragment it to
be of a similar size, ligate sequencing adapters that can then bind to the sequencer
before undergoing, high-throughput sequencing

RNA-seq (RNA-sequencing) is a technique that can examine the quantity and


sequences of RNA in a sample using next-generation sequencing (NGS). It analyzes
the transcriptome, indicating which of the genes encoded in our DNA are turned on
or off and to what extent. Here, we look at why RNA-seq is useful, how the
technique works and the basic protocol that is commonly used today.1

is a genomic approach for the detection and quantitative analysis of messenger


RNA molecules in a biological sample and is useful for studying cellular responses.
RNA-seq has fueled much discovery and innovation in medicine over recent years.
For practical reasons, the technique is usually conducted on samples comprising
thousands to millions of cells. However, this has hindered direct assessment of the
fundamental unit of biology—the cell. Since the first single-cell RNA-sequencing
(scRNA-seq) study was published in 2009, many more have been conducted, mostly
by specialist laboratories with unique skills in wet-lab single-cell genomics,
bioinformatics, and computation. However, with the increasing commercial
availability of scRNA-seq platforms, and the rapid ongoing maturation of
bioinformatics approaches, a point has been reached where any biomedical
researcher or clinician can use scRNA-seq to make exciting discoveries. In this
review, we present a practical guide to help researchers design their first scRNA-seq
studies, including introductory information on experimental hardware, protocol
choice, quality control, data analysis and biological interpretation.

Now, RNA-seq methods are available for studying many different aspects of RNA
biology, including single-cell gene expression, translation (the translatome) and RNA
structure (the structurome). Exciting new applications are being explored, such as
spatial transcriptomics (spatialomics).

RNA-Seq was first developed in mid 2000s with the advent of next-generation
sequencing technology.[144] The first manuscripts that used RNA-Seq even without
using the term includes those of prostate cancer cell lines[145] (dated 2006),
Medicago truncatula[146] (2006), maize[147] (2007), and Arabidopsis thaliana[148]
(2007), while the term "RNA-Seq" itself was first mentioned in 2008.[13][149] The
number of manuscripts referring to RNA-Seq in the title or abstract (Figure, blue
line) is continuously increasing with 6754 manuscripts published in 2018. The
intersection of RNA-Seq and medicine (Figure, gold line) has similar celerity.[150]

*****
Good day, listeners. You are 'bout to discover an interesting topic in the field of
genetics. I am , together with and , are the presenters of RNA sequencing. Let us
together find out and have an in-depth knowledge of this lesson.

INTRODUCTION

RNA sequencing is a technique used to identify the sequence of the bases that
make up a molecule of RNA. It is a genomic approach in order to detect and conduct
quantitative analysis of messenger RNA in a biological sample that is indeed useful
for studying cellular responses. It can examine the quantity and sequences of RNA
in a sample using next-generation sequencing (NGS). NGS is a technology that
allows for the rapid sequencing of large amounts of DNA or RNA. It is used to study
genetic variation associated with diseases or other biological phenomena.

In Figure 1, it shows the short reads of mRNA, in which this is used by the RNA-
sequence data. This mRNA is free of intronic non-coding DNA and the reads should
be positioned back to the reference genome.

There are various RNA sequencing methods that can be considered for studying the
different aspects of RNA biology. These are the single-cell gene expression,
translation (the translatome) and RNA structure (the structurome). Spatial
transcriptomics (spatialomics) is another new exploration of RNA sequencing
applications.

To further understand, RNA sequencing begins with cells or tissues and examines
the expressed genes by taking advantage of next-generation sequencing. Then,
learn the changes in gene expression and finally identify the novel splicing events
and genes.

Looking back, the origin of RNA sequencing starts in the mid 2000s which was first
developed in the advent of NGS technology. Some manuscripts were already used
RNA sequencing without mentioning like for prostate cancer cell lines dated 2006.
Then, in 2008, the term "RNA-Seq" itself was first mentioned and numerous
manuscripts referred to RNA sequencing in their titles and abstracts way back in
2018 and this continuously increased with 6754 published manuscripts.

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