Manualslib.

com - Simplified Manuals

Manuals / Brands / WEICHAI Manuals / Engine / WP13 Series / Operation and maintenance manual / PDF

WEICHAI WP13 SERIES OPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Quick Links
Main Structural Characteristics of the Diesel Engine
Meanings of Wp13 Series Diesel Engine Models
Chapter I Product Technical Survey
Diesel Engine Power and Speed
Main Technical Parameters of Wp13 Series Diesel Engines
Engine Lubricating Oil
Fuel
Common Faults and Troubleshooting
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter I Product Technical Survey
Diesel Engine Power and Speed
Main Structural Characteristics of the Diesel Engine
Meanings of WP13 Series Diesel Engine Models
Chapter II Technical and Performance Parameters of Diesel
Engines
Main Technical Parameters of WP13 Series Diesel Engines
Chapter III Fuel, Lubricating Oil, Coolant and Auxiliary Materials for
Diesel Engine
Fuel
Engine Lubricating Oil
Lubrication of Tension Gear
Antifreeze additive of the Engine Cooling System
Auxiliary Materials
Chapter IV Use and Operation of Diesel Engine
Unsealing of the Diesel Engine
Lifting of the Diesel Engine
Installation of the Diesel Engine
Preparation before Starting
Starting of the Diesel Engine
Operation of the Diesel Engine
Chapter V Regular Inspection and Maintenance of the Diesel Engine
Daily Maintenance and Services
Maintenance Contents for Different Levels of Maintenance
Maintenance of the Diesel Engine Kept in Storage for Long
Complete Regular Maintenance and Keep Detailed Records
Chapter VI Analysis and Troubleshooting of the Common Troubles
Diagnostic Methods
Common Faults and Troubleshooting
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13

Series Diesel Engines

Weichai Power Co., Ltd.

I
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Special Notes
◆ The fuel injection pump and injectors are precision components, so no
adjustment or disassembly shall be available for any user. Otherwise, our
company’s warranty will become invalid.
◆ The supercharger rotor shaft is a precision high-speed rotating part, so no
dismantling or collision is permitted. Otherwise, our company’s warranty will
become invalid.
◆ The diesel engine main bearing bolts and connecting rod bolts have their torques
and rotation angles subject to strict requirements, so any user shall not be
permitted to unscrew or remove any bolt. Otherwise, our company’s warranty
will become invalid.
◆ Every time the diesel engine is started, you must check whether it has been filled
with enough coolant and engine oil.
◆ The connecting rod bolts shall never be used for a second time.

Please read this Manual carefully

before operating the diesel engine

II
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Precautions
1. This diesel engine has been strictly tested in accordance with the test
specifications before delivery, so never adjust the ECU data or increase the
power of the diesel engine arbitrarily. Otherwise, our company will not
implement the three guarantees. Please take care!
2. The diesel engine operators must read this Operating and Maintenance Manual
carefully, familiarize them with the engine structure and strictly follow the
technical operation and maintenance procedures as provided in the Manual.
3. Any new engine should have a running-in period of 50 hours.
4. The diesel engine can only be accelerated slowly after cold start, but never be
forced to work at its high speed in a sudden or idle for long. After heavy load
operation, never stop it immediately but let it idling for 5-10 minutes in advance.
5. After shutdown, if the ambient temperature may be lower than 0℃ but no
antifreeze additive is used, the water in the water tank and the diesel engine
should be drained.
6. Never have the diesel engine working if there is no air filter to prevent air into
the cylinder before filtered.
7. When refueling or oiling the diesel engine, you must use the grades as provided
in this Manual by means of dedicated clean container with the fuel or oil filtered
in advance. The fuel shall be precipitated for more than 72 hours.
8. The electrical system shall have its parts overhauled by anyone familiar with
electrical knowledge.
9. In order to prevent rust, our company’s diesel engine have been oil sealed before
delivery and sealing effective period should generally be one year, once longer
than one year, any engine should be checked, and additional measures should be
taken when necessary.
10. The diesel engine should not be kept idling for long (generally no more than 10
minutes).
11. Please use the oil filters, diesel filters and air filters produced by the
manufacturers as provided by our company. Otherwise, our company will not
implement the three guarantees.

III
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Introduction
The WP13 series diesel engines are of high-speed diesel engines developed on the
basis of WP12 Landking diesel engines in accordance with National III / IV / V
emission requirements and designed according to the relevant national standards. The
engines feature reliable operation, excellent economic and technical indicators, low
emission, fast start-up, simple operation and convenient repair, being the ideal power
of heavy-duty vehicles.
This Manual has detailed the structure, performance, operation, inspection,
maintenance and relevant contents of WP13 series diesel engines. With the
continuous development of production and technology, the structure of the engine
will be improved, so this Manual may have its contents different from later
improvement. Hope you can pay attention to it.
We sincerely hope that the repairmen and relevant personnel should read this Manual
carefully before operation and maintenance of this diesel engine, and strictly
implement various provisions in the Manual to ensure correct and reasonable use and
prolong the engine service life.
If any problem is found during operation, please contact the after-sales service
department of our company as soon as possible to get timely and thoughtful services.

October, 2012

IV
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Contents
Chapter I Product Technical Survey ................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Diesel Engine Power and Speed ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 Main Structural Characteristics of the Diesel Engine ............................................................ 1
1.3 Meanings of WP13 Series Diesel Engine Models ................................................................. 1
Chapter II Technical and Performance Parameters of Diesel Engines ............................................. 3
2.1 Main Technical Parameters of WP13 Series Diesel Engines ................................................ 3
Chapter III Fuel, Lubricating Oil, Coolant and Auxiliary Materials for Diesel Engine ................... 4
3.1 Fuel......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Engine Lubricating Oil........................................................................................................... 4
3.3 Lubrication of Tension Gear .................................................................................................. 4
3.4 Antifreeze additive of the Engine Cooling System ................................................................ 5
3.5 Auxiliary Materials ................................................................................................................ 6
Chapter IV Use and Operation of Diesel Engine .............................................................................. 7
4.1 Unsealing of the Diesel Engine .............................................................................................. 7
4.2 Lifting of the Diesel Engine ................................................................................................... 8
4.3 Installation of the Diesel Engine ............................................................................................ 8
4.4 Preparation before Starting .................................................................................................... 8
4.5 Starting of the Diesel Engine ................................................................................................. 9
4.6 Operation of the Diesel Engine .............................................................................................. 9
Chapter V Regular Inspection and Maintenance of the Diesel Engine........................................... 10
5.1 Daily Maintenance and Services .......................................................................................... 10
5.2 Maintenance Contents for Different Levels of Maintenance ............................................... 13
5.3 Maintenance of the Diesel Engine Kept in Storage for Long .............................................. 19
5.4 Complete Regular Maintenance and Keep Detailed Records .............................................. 20
Chapter VI Analysis and Troubleshooting of the Common Troubles ............................................ 21
6.1 Diagnostic Methods ............................................................................................................. 21
6.2 Common Faults and Troubleshooting .................................................................................. 22

V
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

VI
Operation and Maintenance Manual for WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Product implementation standards:

Q/WCG134 WD10 Series Diesel Engines (for filing)
Q/WCG131 WP10 Series Diesel Engines (for filing)
GJBZ768A-1998 Guide for Fault Tree Analysis
GJB/Z3-1988 After-sales Technical Services for Military Products
GJB1443-1992 Quality Management Requirements for Product Packaging, Loading and Unloading,
Transport and Storage A.1
GJB/Z1391-2006 Guide for Analysis of Fault Mode Effects and Danger
GJB1107-1991 Maintainability Specifications for Military Vehicles

Chapter I Product Technical Survey

1.1 Diesel Engine Power and Speed

The WP13 engine has its power range and rated speed of 353 - 405 kW and 2100r/min respectively
(therein, WP13.480 has its rated speed of 1900r/min).
1.2 Main Structural Characteristics of the Diesel Engine
● One cylinder one head, reliable work and convenient disassembly
● Right-mounted common rail system (seen from the free end), convenient for arrangement of
the complete vehicle
● Frame main bearing structure, high overall rigidity, conducive to the reliability and service life
of the complete engine
● Mid-set supercharger, fewer dimensional changes of all types of the engine series
● Rear-set gear transmission, featuring a compact structure and low noise
● Inline six cylinders of the whole series, featuring a high degree of universality and convenient
for complete vehicle matching
1.3 Meanings of WP13 Series Diesel Engine Models
X
Variant number
Emission level

Engine model

Displacement

Power

Weichai

1
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Chapter II Technical and Performance Parameters of Diesel Engines

2.1 Main Technical Parameters of WP13 Series Diesel Engines

Table 2-1 Main Technical Parameters of WP13 Series Diesel Engines
Model WP13.480 WP13.500 WP13.530 WP13.550
Inline, water-cooling, four-stroke, direct-injection,
Type
turbocharged and intercooled
Fuel system High-pressure common rail
Number of cylinders × bore × stroke mm×mm 6×127×165
Direction of rotation Clockwise (towards the free end)
Firing order 1-5-3-6-2-4
Rated power – speed kW-r/min 353-1900 368-2100 390-2100 405-2100
Maximum torque Nm 2110 2100 2220 2300
Speed at the maximum torque r/min 1100-1400 1200-1500
Piston total displacement L 12.54
Intake valve 0.4
Cold valve clearance mm
Exhaust valve 0.6
Intake valve opening 20° before the TDC (Top Dead Center)
Valve timing Intake valve closing 34° after the BDC (Bottom Dead
Center)
(Valve clearance:
Exhaust valve opening 49° before the BDC (Bottom Dead
intake 0.4 mm, exhaust 0.6 mm) Center)
Exhaust valve closing 21° after the TDC (Top Dead Center)
Lubrication mode Pressure lubrication
Startup mode Electric starting
Engine oil capacity L 28 (trucks) /25 (buses)
Cooling mode Water-cooling forced circulation
Overall dimensions mm 1556×817×1094
Complete engine mass kg 1000
Cold start - without an auxiliary starting
-10
device ℃
Cold start - with an auxiliary starting device ℃ -30
Emission level National III / IV / V
Allowable longitudinal
Front / rear Long term 10/10 Short term 30/30
inclination (°)
Exhaust manifold side /
Allowable transverse
fuel injection pump Long term 45/15 Short term 45/30
inclination (°)
side

3
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Chapter III Fuel, Lubricating Oil, Coolant and Auxiliary Materials

for Diesel Engine

3.1 Fuel
Summer: 0# diesel fuel (GB252)
Winter: -10# light diesel fuel for general use (GB252), but when the air temperature is below -20°C,
-20# diesel fuel should be used; when the outdoor temperature is below -30°C, -35# diesel fuel
should be used.
3.2 Engine Lubricating Oil
Lubricating oil capacity of diesel engine: 28L for trucks (reference value), 25L for buses (reference
value), subject to the oil dipstick mark (with the oil capacity slightly different for different models).
Selection of lubricating oil: in order to achieve safe and reliable operation of your diesel engine,
please use such grades of lubricating oils 15W/40CF-4 or 20W/40CF-4. Therein, 15W/40CF-4 and
20W/40CF-4 can be applicable within the range of -15°C to +30°C and -10°C to +30°C
respectively (Weichai special oil is recommended), but 5W/20CF-4 lubricating oil should be used
when lower than -15℃.

Ambient Ambient
temperature Multistage oil temperature

Figure 3-1 Table for Grade Options of Lubricating Oil

Attention: The WP13 series diesel engines shall never use any lubricating oil below level CF,
and once the engine oil is replaced, you should replace the oil filter element at the same time!
3.3 Lubrication of Tension Gear
For the lubrication of tension gear , lithium base grease common for automobiles should be used
(see the GB5671 standard).

4
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

3.4 Antifreeze additive of the Engine Cooling System

It adopts the antifreeze additive of ethylene glycol, with domestic long-acting antifreeze additive
permitted for alternative, but the quality must be reliable, referring to the relevant instructions for its
specific use. Currently, the two long-acting antifreeze additives domestically available are
recommended as follows:
Type JFL-336 long-acting antifreeze additive
FD-30# long-acting antifreeze additive
It should be noted that the long-acting additives should be regularly replaced in accordance with the
relevant requirements.
Calculation of antifreeze additive (only for reference)
Total coolant: 40L (when the mounted engine is equipped with a radiator)
Antifreezing check temperature at present: - 20°C
Minimum antifreezing temperature as required: - 30°C
Calculation method: Find out the point of the total coolant of “40L” on the abscissa, draw a line
through the point, and find out its intersections 1 and 2 with the above oblique lines of - 20°C and -
30°C (as shown in Figure 3-2).
Result: in time of - 20°C, 13.5L antifreeze additive should be added.
The antifreeze additive quantity in time of -30°C has a difference of 4L from that in time of - 20°C.
According to the above difference of 4L, then calculate the additive amount by 50% more, which is
necessary. Before filling the antifreeze additive, a portion of the coolant must be drained, so that the
antifreeze additive in the drained coolant will be drained at the same time.
Therefore, the amount of antifreeze additive should be 4L+50% × 4L=6L.
Minimum freezing temperature

2
4
6
Amount of antifreeze additive

8
10
12
13.5 14
16
17.5 18
20

22
24
26
28
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56

Amount of coolant (L)

Figure 3-2 Calculation of Antifreeze Additive

5
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

3.5 Auxiliary Materials

Table 3-2
Ser. No. Name Color Use and application
Molykotte Pulver
Coated on smooth metal surfaces to prevent occlusion
1 (fine molybdenum Black
For example: coated on the cylinder liner surface, etc.
powder)
Molykotte G.u.plus For lubrication before the lubricating oil has its pressure
2 Molybdenum disulfide Dark grey built up
(MoS2 oiling agent) For example: coated on the intake valve rod, etc.

6
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Table 3-3 References for Diesel Engine Sizing

Brand Main uses List for sizing parts Additional remarks
Bolts of the oil filter base
Bolts of the oil cooler
Plug screws of the oil cooler
Coated on the thread regulating valve
surface for fixing to As an option, DriLoc204
Bolts of the fixing device for the oil
Loctite 242 prevent looseness due thread pre-coating glue can
pump return pipe
to shaking, medium be used for precoating.
strength Compressor shaft end thread
Oil strainer bolts
Bolts of the fixing device for the
sensor and its wire harness
Joint surface between the oil filter
base and the crankcase
Loctite 518 Coated on polished Joint surface between the cylinder
(updated metal surface for body and the engine oil cooler
product of 510) sealing cover
Joint surface between the cylinder
body and the oil filler cover plate

Chapter IV Use and Operation of Diesel Engine

4.1 Unsealing of the Diesel Engine

After the packing box of diesel engine is opened, the user should first make an inventory of the
diesel engine and its accessories according to the delivery packing list, and check whether the
engine has any visual damage, check whether there is any connector loose, and then complete the
following work:
◆ Wipe off the antirust coat of the exposed parts, as well as corrosion inhibitor, etc.;
◆ Drain the sealing oil in the fuel filter and the fuel system components (possibly, the engine can
be started before the sealing oil is drained, but only when the sealing oil in the fuel system has
been used up with normal fuel already available can you have the engine loaded for working).
Note: The diesel engine has its sealing effective period of one year, once longer than one year,
any engine should be checked, and additional measures should be taken when necessary.
◆ Rotate the flywheel and spray solvent into the intake manifold until the sealing oil in cylinder
is exhausted.
◆ Spray solvent into the turbocharger inlet and exhaust vent until the sealing oil is exhausted.
◆ According to the agreement between the manufacturer and the user, the oil sump shall be filled
with engine oil as required if there is no oil in it; if the oil sump has been filled with engine oil
containing running-in accelerant before delivery, it is recommended that the old oil should be
replaced after 2000 kilometers’ or 50 hours’ running.

7
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

◆ According to the agreement between the manufacturer and the user, if the engine has been
filled with coolant as the user requires, the coolant performance should be checked in time of
unsealing; if the coolant antifreezing ability can satisfy the needs for -30℃ or -35℃, with its
PH value and total hardness value of 7-8 (neutral) and 5-15°d [9-15°f (hardness)], then such
coolant can be further used; if the requirements are not satisfied, such coolant should be
replaced by new coolant containing antifreeze additive.
4.2 Lifting of the Diesel Engine
In time of lifting, the engine should have its crankshaft centerline kept level, with tilting or
unilateral lifting strictly prohibited. Lifting and seating should be kept slow enough (see Figure
4-1).

Correct Wrong

Figure 4-1 Lifting of Diesel Engine

4.3 Installation of the Diesel Engine

In time of installation, it should be guaranteed that the diesel engine has its crankshaft centerline
coaxial to the input shaft axis of the driving devices (gearbox, transmission or generator, etc.), and it
should be ensured that the crankshaft is subject to any additional axial force caused by installation.
4.4 Preparation before Starting
◆ Check the coolant level
If the engine has been installed on a vehicle or a bench, the coolant level can be seen through the
glass window on the expansion tank at any time, and if there is insufficient coolant, you can open
the coolant filler cover to add more. When opening any coolant filler cover provided with a pressure
relief valve and an exhaust button, you must first press the exhaust button if you want to open the
cover when the engine is still in hot state. Never fill with a large amount of coolant if the engine is
still in hot state. Otherwise, its parts will be damaged due to sharp changes of the temperature. If
there is no coolant in unusual circumstances, you can add cool water slowly from the coolant filler
until there is coolant flowing out. Start the engine, let it idling (1000 r/min), continue to add coolant
until the coolant level is kept steady, and finally cover the coolant filler.
◆ Check the fuel level.
If the engine has already been installed on a vehicle, open the power switch and check the fuel level
from the fuel gauge or check the fuel tank.
◆ Check the engine oil level
The oil level should be kept between the top and bottom scale lines on the oil dipstick, and more
engine oil should be added from the oil filler when necessary.
◆ Check the diesel engine accessories
Check whether the engine accessories are reliably connected and eliminate any abnormality. Check
8
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

whether the starting system circuits are normally connected and whether the battery is sufficiently
charged. Then open the fuel tank valve, loosen the vent screw on the fuel strainer, use the hand
pump on the fuel strainer to exclude the air in the fuel system.
4.5 Starting of the Diesel Engine
◆ Turn the power switch and its power key of the vehicle to the starting positions, and place the
gear shift lever at its neutral position, and then set down to start the engine.
◆ Step down the clutch and accelerator pedals, rotate the power key to start the diesel engine, and
if the engine cannot be started in 5-10 seconds, you should wait for 1 minute and then repeat
the above-mentioned starting process. But if the engine cannot be started for 3 consecutive
times, you should stop starting it and never start it again before troubleshooting. After the
engine is started, you should pay attention to the meter readings and the oil pressure gauge
should show the pressure immediately. Take care not to let the cold engine running at its high
speed, and you should let it idling first for some time (but not for long).
◆ If the diesel engine is to be started under the condition of low temperature, auxiliary starting
devices should be used so that the relay could have the electronic heating flange working to
realize smooth starting in the environment temperature of -30℃.

4.6 Operation of the Diesel Engine

◆ After the diesel engine is started, first let it idling for a few minutes, then increase its speed up
to 1000-1200 r/min, and then have it partially loaded. Only when the water and engine oil
temperature is higher than 60℃ and 50℃ respectively can you have it working at its full load.
You should increase its load and speed gradually, and try to avoid sudden increase or decrease
of its load.
◆ During the running-in period of 60h (first 3000 kilometers’ running), the diesel engine should
be working at a medium load, and the vehicle should not be equipped with a trailer.
◆ Slow down in time when driving along any slope and never have it working for long at a large
torque. Moreover, do not have its load too small or have its speed too low. Otherwise, it may
easily suffer from engine oil channeling and other faults.
◆ Under normal use, the diesel engine can work continuously at its rated power and rated speed,
but if it is working at 105% of its rated speed and 110% of its rated power, a maximum of 20
minutes’ running can be permitted. The diesel engine should be kept idling for 1-2 minutes
before shutdown after unloading.
◆ Attention should always be paid to the parameter values and checking points as follows:
① Pressure of the lubricating oil in the main oil passage is 350-550 kPa
② Temperature of the oil in the oil sump ＜110℃.
③ Coolant outlet temperature (80+5) ℃, never beyond 95℃.
④ Exhaust temperature after turbine ＜600℃
⑤ Inlet temperature after intercooler (50-55) ℃.
⑥ Check the exhaust color in order to identify the working quality and load conditions of the fuel
injector, and if the smoke color is seriously bad, stop immediately for troubleshooting.
⑦ Particularly, check whether the diesel engine has water, gas or oil leakage, and if found, stop
immediately for troubleshooting.

9
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

◆ The operating personnel should understand the following characteristics of the diesel engine:
① In time of the maximum torque, there will be lower fuel consumption; when the speed
increases, the fuel consumption will rise.
② The torque will achieve its best value when the engine is working at its medium speed range
(1200-1600 r/min).
③ The engine power will increase as the speed increases and reach its rated power at the rated
speed.
◆ Considerations for operation in a cold environment:
① Fuel: the diesel fuel of different grades should be selected in accordance with the difference of
outdoor temperature.
② Lubricating oil: the lubricating oil of different viscosity should be selected according to the
season changes.
③ Coolant: add antifreeze additive in the cooling system and select the coolant different in grade
and quantity in accordance with changes of the outdoor temperature.
④ Starting: an auxiliary starter can be used in winter when necessary. After started, the engine
shall never be made to work at its high speed before the oil pressure and water temperature has
become normal.
⑤ Before starting in cold season, you should check the electrolyte level, viscosity and unit
voltage of the battery, and if the engine is kept idle for long at a very low temperature, the
battery should be removed and stored in a warm room.
⑥ Parking: when parking in a cold climate, you should first remove its load, then let it idling for
1-2 minutes, and then stop it until the water temperature and oil temperature have dropped, but
after stopping, the engine shall never have its coolant with antifreeze additive drained. You
must open the discharge valves or water plugs on the body, engine oil cooler cover, radiator
and water inlet pipe to drain the coolant with no antifreeze additive contained to prevent the
engine cracking due to frost.

Chapter V Regular Inspection and Maintenance of the Diesel Engine

5.1 Daily Maintenance and Services

Check its coolant, oil and fuel levels; grease any part if needed; check whether there is oil, gas or
water leakage; check whether the external parts and accessories are connected and fastened reliably;
check whether the fan and belt are rather tensioned or loose; check the oil pressure and water
temperature of the diesel engine; check whether the diesel engine has its exhaust normal in
temperature, color, sound and vibration, and whether its speed is stable.
● Check the coolant level and water temperature
Observe the coolant level through the glass eye hole, and if there is insufficient coolant, open the
water filler cover to add more coolant.
Note: To open the water filler cover, you must first press the exhaust button so as to prevent
personal injuries due to hot coolant when the engine is still hot enough.

10
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Figure 5-1

Expansion tank

Figure 5-2
● Check the engine oil level
When the oil level is lower than the bottom scale line or higher than the top scale line of the oil
dipstick, absolutely never start the diesel engine.
Check the oil level after the diesel engine has been stopped for at least 5 minutes, so that the oil has
sufficient time to flow back into the oil sump.
The oil quantity difference is 3L from the bottom scale line to the top scale line of the oil dipstick.

Figure 5-3
● Check the fuel level
● Check the water, gas and oil leakage
11
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Check whether the complete engine has water, gas or oil leakage

Figure 5-4
● Check the level of the urea solution.
The level should be maintained at 30%-80% of the urea tank total volume.
● Check the fan.
Visual check whether the fan has any blade damaged and whether the connecting bolts are
tightened.

Figure 5-5
● Check the belt.
The belt can be tensioned automatically through the belt tensioner, and users can check the belt
tension by pressing the belt as shown in Figure 5-6.

Belt

Figure 5-6 Figure 5-7

● Check whether the exhaust color is normal.
The normal color is light grey. If the color changes, you should check and troubleshoot it. As shown
in Figure 5-7.

12
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

● Check whether the sound is normal.

● Check whether the speed and vibration is normal.
5.2 Maintenance Contents for Different Levels of Maintenance
In addition to completion of the daily maintenance, the following contents should also be added:
● Replace the diesel engine oil.
● Unscrew the oil drain plug at the bottom of the oil sump, drain the oil and then screw the drain
plug as shown in Figure 5-9.
● Open the oil filler cap, (see Figure 5-8) add more oil from the oil filler, observe the oil dipstick
scale, and then mount the oil filler cap until the requirement has been satisfied.

Oil filler

Oil drain plug

Figure 5-8 Figure 5-9

● Replace the oil filter or filter element, as shown in Figure 5-10:
To replace the oil filter, you should follow the steps below:
A. Remove the old oil filter;
B. Fill the new filter with clean oil;
C. Coat the rubber pad with engine oil before installing the new oil filter;
D. When the rubber pad contacts the base, then tighten at 3/4 to 1 circle to have it firmly sealed;
E. Start the diesel engine to check whether there is oil leakage.

Oil filter

Figure 5-10
● Check and adjust the valve clearance.
Check and adjust the clearances of intake valve and exhaust valve according to the following steps:
A. When the diesel engine is in its cold state, turn the crankshaft forward (in the direction of the
diesel engine running) to TDC of Cylinder 1 and Cylinder 6. At this moment, the groove on the
flywheel is aligned to the pointer on the observation hole cover plate, as shown in Figure 5-11;

13
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Flywheel housing
cover plate

Pointer

Flywheel
groove

Figure 5-11
B. Remove the valve rocker cover on the cylinder head to judge whether Cylinder 1 or Cylinder 6
is at its compression stroke (the cylinder in its compression stroke has clearances between its
intake and exhaust valves and the rocker arm), as shown in Figure 5-12;

Exhaust valve
rocker arm

Intake valve
rocker arm

Figure 5-12

14
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

C. As shown in Table 3-1, use a feeler to check the clearance between the upper surface of the
valve axle and the valve rocker arm. The WP13 diesel engine should have its intake and
exhaust valve clearance of 0.4mm and 0.6mm respectively as required. If a too large or too
small clearance exists, you can adjust the adjusting bolt on the rocker arm to meet the
above-mentioned clearance requirements, as shown in Figure 5-13;

Adjusting bolt

Intake valve clearance in the cold state 0.4mm Exhaust valve clearance in the cold state 0.6mm
Figure 5-13
D. After Cylinder 1 or Cylinder 6 has been checked, turn the crankshaft forward 360° to have
Cylinder 6 or Cylinder 1 at its working stroke, then check and adjust the remaining valves.
Table 5-1
Cylinder 1 Cylinder 2 Cylinder 3 Cylinder 4 Cylinder 5 Cylinder 6
Cylinder 1 Intake and Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust Unable to be
compression stroke exhaust valves valve valve valve valve adjusted
Cylinder 6 Unable to be Exhaust Intake valve Exhaust Intake Intake and
compression stroke adjusted valve valve valve exhaust valves
For such exhaust valve with an EVB auxiliary braking device, its clearance can be adjusted as
follows:

Figure 5-14 Exhaust Valve and EVB Clearance Adjustment

A. The piston is at the compression TDC;
15
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

B. Loosen nut 1;
C. Adjust the adjusting bolt 1 until the contact clearance is 0 to the valve bridge;
D. Loosen nut 2;
E. Adjust the adjusting bolt 2 and insert a feeler gauge (0.6mm) between the adjusting bolt 2 and
the valve bridge;
F. Adjust the adjusting bolt 2 until the small piston goes down to its limit to clamp the feeler
gauge;
G. Adjust the valve clearance (0.6mm), rotate the adjusting bolt until the feeler gauge has no
clearance, keep it and lock the nut;
H. Adjust the adjusting bolt 1 and insert a 0.4mm feeler between the valve axle and the adjusting
bolt;
I. Adjust the adjusting bolt 1 until the small piston goes to its limit to clamp the feeler, keep it
and lock the nut;
J. Check the valve clearance again, and if necessary, adjust it again.
● Replace the fuel filter element as shown in Figure 5-15.
Follow the steps below to replace the fuel filter element:
A. Remove the old fuel filter element; if the water collecting vessel installed on the strainer can
also be used, please remove it;
B. Lubricate the seal port;
C. Screw the filter by hand until the seal port contacts the interface;
D. Screw the filter again by hand (at about a 3/4 circle) until the filter is firmly installed;
E. Exhaust the air until there is no bubble appearing;
F. Conduct leakage test.

Fuel filter

Figure 5-15
Attention!
When replacing the spinning strainer or reinstalling the oil delivery pipe, you need to exhaust the air
in the strainer.
Steps (as shown in Figure 5-16)
A. Stop the engine;
B. Remove the vent screw;
C. Use a hand pump to inflate until there is oil coming out from the vent screw;
D. Retighten the vent screw;

16
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Figure 5-16 Exhaust the Air in the Strainer

Drain the water in the water collector
Attention!
When the water collector is full or the spinning filter has been replaced, it is necessary to drain the
water collected.
Steps (as shown in Figure 5-17)
A. Open the oil drain plug (2) at the bottom of the water collector (1) to drain the water;
B. Retighten the oil drain plug.

Figure 5-17 Drain the Water in the Water Collector

Replace the water collector.
Steps (as shown in figure 5-18)
A. Turn off the engine;
B. Drain the water in the water collector;
C. If possible, remove the collector screw (1) by hand. If it is too tight, use the handling tool in
the new water collector;
D. Use a few drops of oil to lubricate the sealing ring of the new collector (2);
E. Mount the screw by hand and use a tool to tighten it;
F. If the water collector is to be used again on a new spinning filter, check for any damage;
G. Use a torque wrench to install it at the torque of 20N.m.

17
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Figure 5-18 Replace the Water Collector.

● Check the intake system, as shown in Figure 5-19.
Check whether the air intake hose is aging or cracked and whether the hoop becomes loose. When
necessary, tighten or replace relevant parts to ensure sealing performance of the intake system.

Intake manifold

Figure 5-19
● Check the air filter element.

Figure 5-20

18
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

The diesel engine allows the maximum intake resistance of 7kPa, which shall be checked when the
diesel engine is working at the rated speed and full load, and when the intake resistance reaches the
maximum allowable limit, the filter element should be cleaned or replaced according to the
provisions of the manufacturer.
Note: never use the engine in the absence of air filter. Otherwise, dirt and impurities will enter
the diesel engine to result in premature wear.
Remove the air filter element from the air filter and pat the end face to remove the dust, or you can
use compressed air to purge it (from the inside outward).

Figure 5-21
Note: Never blow the filter paper broken, never use water or oil to clean the filter paper, and
never beat or tap the filter element by force.
5.3 Maintenance of the Diesel Engine Kept in Storage for Long
● Clean the diesel engine;
● Protective work:

After warming-up, drain the oil, clean the oil filter and apply antirust oil;

Drain the fuel and add anti-rust oil mixture again;

Drain the water and add coolant with anti-rust agent;

Start the engine and keep it idling for 15 - 25 minutes;

Drain the engine oil, fuel and coolant;

Take protective measures for other parts;
● Protection during the storage period:

Use lids or plastic cloth to strap and seal all oil, air and water inlets and outlets;

Use VCI antirust film to seal the whole diesel engine.
● If transportation is needed, additional packaging should be applied.

19
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

5.4 Complete Regular Maintenance and Keep Detailed Records

Table 5-2 Class-II Use Conditions for Vehicle matching
(WG Class Ⅰ) (WG Class Ⅱ)
Harsh use conditions (extremely hot or cold climate, high dust contents,
short-distance transport, worksite use, or use on buses, municipal Multi-function commercial vehicles
engineering vehicles, snow removal trucks and fire fighting trucks) or the of with its annual mileage more than
vehicle annual mileage is less than 2 × 104km or its yearly working time is 2 × 104km
less than 600h
Table 5-3 Maintenance Period
Service conditions
Mileage (time) WGⅠ WGⅡ
Item
First mandatory
3000km(50h) A A
maintenance
10000km(200h) B C
30000km(400h) B
Routine maintenance
Therein, for WG Class-II, contact Weichai Power Maintenance Service Center for
National-III Landking Engines once every 10000 kilometers’ (200 hours’) working.
A- First mandatory maintenance: replace the engine oil and oil filter, but do not replace the fuel
strainer and fine filter elements.
B- Routine maintenance: Replace the engine oil, oil filter element, fuel strainer element and fuel
fine filter element.
C- Only replace the oil filter element.
Table 5-4 Specifications for Diesel Engine Maintenance
First
Diesel engine maintenance contents mandatory Routine maintenance
maintenance
Replace the oil filter or filter element ● When replacing the engine oil every time
Check and adjust the valve clearance ● ●
Check the coolant level and fill with enough
● ●
coolant
Fasten the cooling pipe and pipe clamps ●
Fasten the intake manifold, hose and flange
● ●
connectors
Check the air filter maintenance indicator
●
lamp or indicator
Clean the dust collector of the air filter (not
including the types of automatic dust ●
removal)
Clean the main filter element of the air filter When the indicator lights up
Replace the main filter element of the air
Refer to the relevant Manual provisions.
filter

20
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Replace the safety filter element of the air

After the main filter element has been cleaned for 5 times
filter
Check and fasten the belt ● ●
Check the supercharger bearing clearance Once every 160,000km
Check and adjust the clutch stroke ● ●
Note: ●marker for maintenance needed

Chapter VI Analysis and Troubleshooting of the Common Troubles

The WP13 series diesel engines are designed and manufactured in a strict quality assurance system,
and each diesel engine has been tested as specified. At the same time, the diesel engine is a kind of
precision machinery, with its long-term effect closely related to normal maintenance and services.
Generally speaking, the earlier failure of a diesel engine may have the following several reasons:
◆ Illegal operation, improper management and use;
◆ No maintenance or services are made as required and even the repair is used to replace
maintenance.
◆ The accessories ill manufactured and especially fake and shoddy products bought for sake of
the lower price will greatly shorten the service life of the diesel engine;
◆ The fuel or lubricating oil is unqualified or has the grade inappropriately selected.

6.1 Diagnostic Methods

The methods generally used for diagnosis of diesel engine faults are as follows:
◆ Observation method: observe the diesel engine smoke and other fault characteristics to judge
the fault conditions;
◆ Listening: listen and judge the nature and degree of the fault location according to the
abnormal sound of the diesel engine;

◆ Cylinder-off method: stop a cylinder to judge whether this cylinder has something wrong. In
general, stop feeding the cylinder in doubt of fault and compare the state changes of the engine
before and after the faulty cylinder has been cut off, in order to narrow the scope to find out the
fault position or reasons;
◆ Comparison method: replace some assemblies or parts to determine whether there is something
wrong.
Note:
1. It is a very careful task to judge the causes for faults of diesel engines, and before the
21
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

basic reasons are found out, never dismantle the diesel engine arbitrary. Otherwise, not
only the fault cannot be eliminated, but more serious problems may happen due to
improper assembly after dismantled.
2. The high-pressure fuel pump, ECU, common rail pipe, supercharger and other key parts
should not only need dedicated instrument and equipment, but also need some
experienced repairmen, so inexperienced users shall never disassemble or adjust such key
parts at will if conditions are not satisfied.
6.2 Common Faults and Troubleshooting
6.2.1 The Diesel Engine Can Not Be Started
(1) The starter does not work
The WP13 series diesel engines have their starters controlled by ECU, in time of normal work, the
ECU will output a current to drive the starting relay, and after the relay is connected, the battery will
drive the starter to start the engine. When any fault occurs, the inspection should mainly focus on
the neutral gear.
Several elements necessary for inspections: neutral switch, starting relay, and relevance between the
battery and the parking switch
◆ Check whether the neutral position is engaged
Before starting, first check whether the gear shift lever is engaged in the neutral position
◆ Check the position of the parking switch (which should be in its “OFF” state)
The parking switch is designed as an inching type, able to reset automatically. Check whether this
switch is normal.
If this switch cannot reset automatically as designed, you should check whether this switch is in its
“ON” state.
◆ Check whether the neutral switch and wiring is intact, and try to use the emergency start (with
the ignition switch pressed continuously for more than 5 seconds)
For engine with its starter controlled by ECU, in time of starting, the ECU will first determine
whether the neutral position is engaged according to the signal from the neutral switch; when the
neutral switch is damaged or bad connected, the ECU cannot receive the neutral signal and the
starter will not work.
◆ Check whether the battery cannot drive the starter due to excessively low voltage
General speaking, the battery voltage is 24V and it cannot drive the starter if the voltage is too low.
You can use the voltage tester of a multimeter to check the voltage or use a fault diagnosis
instrument to read the actual value of the “battery voltage”.
◆ Check whether the starter relay and its wiring is intact
Check whether the wiring terminal surface is contaminated with too much oxide and whether the
wiring terminal surface bolts are loose or fractured.
◆ Check whether the starter has been burnt out
Use a multimeter to check whether the starter relay is
normal Ignition key switch
◆ Check whether the ignition and starting switches
have gone bad
Turn the ignition key to the “ON” position and see whether the instrument panel indicators light up.

22
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Turn the ignition key to the “Start” position and check whether the starter acts (if other reasons have
been eliminated).
Starter

(2) The rail pressure cannot be established (The starter can work normally, but it cannot
start the engine)

Vent bolt

Oil return hollow bolt

Hand pump

◆ Check whether the fuel tank has its level excessively low.
This reason may be ignored more easily, so take great care.
◆ Check whether the hand pump is working normally
Press the hand pump by hand to see whether it is normal.
◆ Check whether there is air in the low-pressure fuel way and if any, eliminate it (sometimes, the
low-pressure fuel way leakage is not obvious, so you need to check it carefully).
Exhaust method: mainly exhaust the air in the strainer. Loosen the vent bolt on the strainer and
press the hand pump on the strainer by hand until there is fuel flowing out continuously from the
vent bolt.
If the diesel engine still cannot be started after the low-pressure fuel way has its air completely
exhausted, then it can be judged that the high-pressure fuel way suffers from air invasion and you
should also exhaust the air in the high-pressure fuel way.
Exhaust method: loosen the high-pressure fuel pipe of a cylinder, and use the starter to drive the
diesel engine to run until there is fuel flowing out continuously from the high-pressure fuel pipe! (It
is not recommended that you often remove the joints of the high-pressure fuel pipe!)
◆ Check whether the high-pressure fuel way has any leakage
This usually can be seen obviously. Check whether the high-pressure fuel pipe has its joint nuts
loose, and if so, tighten the nuts.
◆ Check whether the fuel way is smooth, check whether the diesel fuel filter is blocked, and
replace the diesel filter element in time as suggested.
Inspection method: loosen the filter outlet bolts, use the starter to drive the diesel engine to run, see
whether there is diesel fuel spraying or flowing out, if only a small amount of diesel fuel flows out,
it can be determined that the filter element is blocked, and at this time, you need to replace the filter
element.

23
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

◆ Check whether the rail pressure sensor has its initial voltage of about 500mV, or check whether
the set rail pressure is 30-50 MPa. It can be measured as follows:
Enter the operation interface of the fault diagnosis instrument, select the “real values” and click
“Next”.

Select required function

Press >> to continue

Identification
Fault memory
Delete the faults in the fault memory
Real values
Implementation element
Function test

At this time, all “real values” will appear. Select “Voltage of accumulator tube pressure sensor” and
“rated fuel rail pressure”.

Engine speed

Rated fuel rail pressure

Actual fuel rail pressure

Voltage of accumulator tube pressure sensor

If not normal, first check whether the connectors are fastened reliably, and if there is no problem,
the rail pressure sensor may be damaged.
If no inspection equipment is available, unplug the rail pressure sensor connector and try restarting
it (after started, let it enter the “limp home mode”).
◆ Check whether the flow measurement unit is intact, unplug the flow measurement unit
connectors and try starting it again.
① Firstly, observe whether there is any hardware damage and whether the connectors are firmly
connected.
② Connect the fault diagnosis instrument to complete the Meter-unit test.
Enter the operation interface of the fault diagnosis instrument, select the “function test” and click
“Next”.

24
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Select required function

Press >> to continue

Identification
Fault memory
Delete the faults in the fault memory
Real values
Implementation element
Function test “Next”

Enter the sub-interface for function test, select “Test of proportioning unit”, and click “Next”;

Function test

Starting fault information

Compression test
Idling speed comparison
High pressure test
High speed test
Air cylinder OFF
“Next”
Test of proportioning unit

At this time, the interface for test conditions will appear. After the operator has confirmed that the
conditions are satisfied, click “Next” to start the test;

Function test is finished.

Proportioning unit is normal.

Step Status

Scope 1 Finished

Scope 2 Finished

Scope 3 Finished

After the test, it will show whether the fuel metering unit is normal.
(3) The fuel injector, sensor and complete machine have their wire harness connectors
improperly fixed, or the wiring harnesses are open or short.
◆ Check the connector installation and use a multimeter (preferably a “line tester”) to check the
line ON-OFF status in accordance with the pointer definitions of the wiring diagram.

25
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Circuit tester

Water Oil pressure sensor Camshaft speed

temperature sensor
sensor

Crankshaft speed
sensor

Rail pressure sensor

Intake pressure
sensor

Fuel injector wiring

Flow measurement unit

connector

26
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

(4) The crankshaft and camshaft signals are missing

On the diesel engine, there are two speed sensors mounted respectively outside the flywheel
housing and the high-pressure fuel pump. The functions are respectively shown as follows: the
crankshaft position sensor and cylinder identification sensor will decide the fuel injection timing of
electronic control engine, and if a diesel engine cannot be started, such two signals have been
missing.
◆ Possible causes for missing of the two signals
(1) The sensors are damaged and their harnesses are open or short circuit
(2) Excessively larger or smaller clearance (usually 1mm ± 0.5mm) appears between the sensors
and the induction gears due to poor connection of the sensors.
Troubleshooting: check whether the sensors are damaged, whether the wire harness is well
connected, and whether the sensors are loose.
◆ After disassembly, the high-pressure fuel pump and the flywheel should be installed in strict
accordance with the relevant technical documents to ensure synchronization of the signals.

Camshaft speed sensor

Crankshaft speed sensor

6.2.2 Difficult to Start

Reason and Troubleshooting of the difficulty in engine starting:
◆ The diesel engine hasn’t been working for a long time: Stretch the fuel return pipe under the
diesel fuel surface.
◆ The low-pressure pipeline has a small amount of air: Exhaust the air.
◆ The crankshaft and camshaft have too weak speed signals, resulting in longer time for
synchronous judgment: Find out the specific reasons and make readjustment.
◆ The ambient temperature is too low, resulting in failure of the preheating device: check
whether the heating flange wiring is normal or replace the preheating device.
◆ The diesel fuel and engine oil is too poor in quality and not up to the standard: Use standard
fuel and oil instead.
◆ The starter or flywheel has ring gears hitting: replace the starter and the flywheel ring gears.
◆ The piston rings and cylinder liners are worn or the valves are not sealed tightly: replace the
piston rings, cylinder liners or valve seats and valves.
◆ The exhaust brake butterfly valve is stuck at its “Off” state, resulting in poor exhaust: replace
the butterfly valve.

27
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

6.2.3 Insufficient Engine Power

Limp home: a mode of the engine operating with faults. The ECU detects the engine fault, but the
engine will not stop immediately, but the engine power will be limited and the engine speed can
only be increased to 1500 rpm for the driver to drive to the nearest repair station for
troubleshooting.
(1) The fuel injector has fault
The fuel injector has fault, generally including mechanical and wiring faults.
The mechanical faults are as follows: the needle valve is stuck in the fuel injector with no action
due to more filth in the diesel fuel or water corrosion. (Note: The ECU may not report any error!)
The wiring faults are as follows: due to vibration, abrasion and other relevant reasons, if the wire
harness is disconnected or directly lowered on the cylinder head to short to the ground, the ECU
will report an error.

Fuel injector wiring terminals

(2) Water, oil or intake temperature is excessively high

When the water, oil or intake temperature is excessively high, the ECU overheating protection
function will act to limit the engine power.
Before troubleshooting, first eliminate the response distortion of sensors and instrumentation.
◆ Reason and troubleshooting of the high water temperature
① The water level is too low in the water tank: check whether there is any water leakage, and if
any, add more water.
② The fan is running too slowly or does not work: check the fan driving components.
28
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

③ The water tank is blocked: check the water tank and clean or repair it.
④ The water pump belt is loose: adjust the tension as provided
⑤ The water pump has its gaskets and impellers damaged or worn: check and repair or replace
the faulty parts.
⑥ Thermostat fault: replace it.
⑦ The water pipe has its sealing elements damaged with air invasion: check the water pipe, joints
and gaskets, and replace the damaged parts.
◆ Reason and troubleshooting of excessively high oil temperature
① The oil sump has insufficient oil or a low oil level: check the oil level and leakage. Repair it
and add more oil.
② High water temperature: troubleshoot it immediately.
③ The oil cooler cannot work smoothly: check and clean it.
◆ Reason and troubleshooting of excessively high intake temperature
Check the cooling capacity of the intercooler
(3) Synchronization signal error
If this error appears, one sensor generally has its signal invalid.
Read out the flash code by means of the flash code indicator and refer to the table for flash codes to
find out the specific reasons, with the troubleshooting measures identical to 9.2.1-4.
(4) Flow measurement unit fault
The flow measurement unit installed on the high-pressure fuel pump is an actuator to control the rail
pressure, and after it goes wrong, the high-pressure fuel pump will feed the common rail pipe at its
greatest capacity. At this moment, the relief valve on the common rail pipe will generally be open
and the engine will be “clicking”. Similar phenomenon will also appear when the rail pressure
sensor has fault.

Flow metering unit

◆ Troubleshooting: overhaul the circuits to confirm that the flow measurement unit or the rail
pressure sensor has failed, and notify the Office for further treatment.
(5) The rail pressure fluctuates abnormally due to leakage of the fuel pipeline
During running, the vehicle speed may become instable and the vehicle may be stampeding forward
occasionally.
◆ Troubleshooting
29
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

First cut off the power supply and start the engine again in a minute. If the problem is still kept as
usual, check the fuel pipeline air tightness and troubleshoot it.
(6) Sensor fault
The intake pressure sensor (installed on the intake manifold) is used by the ECU to estimate the air
intake, the water temperature sensor (installed on the water pump) is used to judge the thermal load
of the engine, and the rail pressure sensor (installed on the common rail pipe) is used to detect the
fuel pressure of the common rail pipe.

Rail pressure sensor

Water temperature
sensor

Intake pressure sensor

◆ Troubleshooting
Check the intake temperature and pressure, water temperature and rail pressure sensors to see
whether the connectors are installed firmly.
Note: When the fault (1, 3, 4, 5 or 6) appears, the diesel engine will enter its “limp home
mode”.
6.2.4 The engine is always running at 1000rpm
At this moment, the accelerator has become invalid: the ECU will judge the load by means of the
signal given by the pedal potentiometer, and when the pedal is faulty, for sake of security, the ECU
will control the diesel engine to automatically return to idling at 1000rpm.
◆ The electronic accelerator pedal line is loose or wrongly connected
Plug it again or check whether the accelerator wiring is correct and connect the line again.
◆ The electronic accelerator has its connectors flooded by water
30
WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual

Use a tool to dry the connectors and then start again.

Note: an accelerator of the same type should be needed in time of replacement.

6.2.5 Engine hunting during Idling
◆ Reason and troubleshooting of engine hunting:
① The fuel injector is not working normally: check the fuel injector and wiring harness of each
cylinder
② The complete vehicle equipped with speed sensor will have input of speed signals in time of
parking: check the speedometer and speed sensor signals and wiring.
③ The fuel is poor in quality with water or wax: clean the fuel system and replace the fuel filter.
④ The low-pressure fuel way suffers from air invasion: check the fuel pipe and joint tightness,
and exclude the air;
⑤ The fuel injector atomization is instable: check and repair
Note: the idle speed rise due to the low water temperature is the normal function of the ECU.
When any other load (for example, the air-conditioner is started) is applied, the idle speed will
naturally increase by 100 rpm.

31
 WP13 Diesel Engine Series Operating Manual
Appendix: Table for Power Correction Coefficients
Temperature
℃
Air pressure kPa

Note: the temperature and air pressure indicated in this correction table refers to the intake temperature and the pressure of the dry intake air (not equal to
the atmospheric pressure) respectively; this correction table is only applicable to the temperature of 10-40℃ and the pressure of 80-110 Pa. The
experiment should need relevant measures or an appropriate time, so that the engine could have its actual intake status within the range above.

Corrected power Corrected power Measured power Correction coefficient

32