Science

Worksheet
Grade 4
Term 1
 Concept 1.2
Senses at work
Lesson 1
How do senses work?

How can Egyptian Mongooses communicate with each other?

➢ Egyptian mongooses make sounds to

communicate with another mongoose

on moving from one place to another or

searching for food and other

important messages.

➢ Some animals see using their eyes, hear with their ears like

what the human does.

➢ Owls have extraordinary senses of hearing and sight to be

able to find their preys in the dark.

➢ But some animals have strong sense of sight or hearing or any

other senses. They communicate with each other using sounds or

movements.

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Super Sense of dolphins

➢ Dolphins have strong sensory organs.

(Why???) To:

1. Survive.

2. Search for food.

3. Protect themselves under the water in darkness.

➢ Dolphins can use the sense of "echolocation" under the

water, by which:

Sound produced by dolphin travels in the form of waves called

sound waves.

in the form of echo.

Waves travel through water and hit objects, they return to the dolphin

This helps the dolphin to know the place of its preys and other objects.

Echolocation:

- It is a way that some animals such as whales, bats and

dolphins use to determine the location of prey and objects by

hearing the echo of the produced sounds.

- Each animal can use more than one sense for more than one

purpose to adapt to its habitat.

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 Animal perceptions

Fox:

Purpose: Avoiding danger.

The used senses: hearing and sight.

Chameleon:

Purpose: Finding food.

The used senses: taste and sight.

Dog:

Purpose: Recognizing friends.

The used senses: Smell and sight.

Monkey:

Purpose: Identifying objects.

The used senses: Smell, sight, Touch, taste and

hearing.

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Lesson 2
Sensory organs of nocturnal animals

➢ “Nocturnal animals “Animals can look for their food at

night using their super senses

Super sensory adaptations of nocturnal animals allow them to

navigate safely and find food in the dark.

Why they are active at night:

1- In extremely hot places, the best time to look for food

is nighttime when it is cooler

2- Some animals hunt food that is only available at night

3- Some animals depend on darkness to hide from their

preys and surprise them.

Super sensory adaptations:

1. Bats:

They use echolocation to find their food, to find food

at night

2. Owls:

They have extraordinary sight and hearing.

1) Bowl shaped faces to amplify far sounds then direct

these sounds into owl’s ears.

2) Owls’ large eyes allow them to detect tiny and

faraway movements of their preys.

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3) Owls have the ability to turn their heads in all directions to look
for preys.

➢ To detect the movements and sounds of tiny distant preys

Nervous system

❖ Humans use 5 sensory organs to respond to environmental

changes.

Nervous system of mammals (elephants, humans, and dogs) consists of:

(Brain- Spinal cord- Nerves)

1. Brain: it is connected to the spinal cord.

Its function: It is the main
control center in the body.

2. Spinal cord: it is a big nerve

that runs through the
backbone, branched into
smaller and smaller nerves.
Its function: carry messages
to and from the body and the
brain.

3. Nerves: are distributed

throughout the body and
connect the sense organs and
the body parts with the brain.
Its function: Carry messages from the brain to the spinal cord
and other parts of the body and vice versa.

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How we collect information from the surrounding

environment?

Sensory organs are responsible for transferring

information, such as: eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin that

are responsible for collecting data.

Sensory organs receive the information from the environment.

➢ The nerves connect the sensory organs with the brain are called
sensory receptors.

The nerves receive the information from the sensory organs,

and then send the signals to the brain.

When you smell the pizza:

(A) You receive this information through the nose.

(B) The nerves send this signal to the brain.

(C) The signal transfers in the form of

electrical impulses through the nerves from
the sensory organ to the brain to respond to it.

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 Egyptian jerboa

• A very small rodent.

• It has large ears.
• It is called the "jumping jerboa"

Structural adaptations

Organ function
1. Feet and toes have hair To catch the sand when it hops
and jumps.

2. long hind legs To jump long distance

3. Large ears and sensitive ears. Listen to the sound of predators,
do it can escape quickly.
It can feel the presence of
snakes.

Behavioral adaptations: It hops in zigzag patterns so it can escape

quickly from danger.

How can the jerboa feel the presence of snakes?

• It can feel the presence of snakes by its ears.

• The sensory receptors in its ears send a message through a
network of nerves to its brain.
• The brain interprets this message, and then orders the legs to
start moving.
• This happens in less than one second, and known as Reaction time.

➢ Reaction time: It is the time taken by the body of living organisms

to respond and react to different information from the environment.

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Lesson 3
Functions of the nervous system:

1. It gathers (collects) information through the sensory organs like

the eyes, ears and skin.
2. It makes translates this information through the brain.
3. It tells the body what to do according to this information.

➢ Some messages, called "reflexes", are so fast that you cannot

realize it such as moving your hand away when touching a very hot
cup of tea.
➢ Other messages are sent from and to the brain automatically, like
the signal to breathe.

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Lesson 4
Ants
A) Ants live in colonies consisting of thousands of individuals and they
communicate through their sense of smell by releasing strong odor.

B) Group of ants within a colony have different roles, where they have
developed systems that help them divide their work among themselves,
so there are nurse ants, scout ants, and soldier ants.

➢ Nurse ant: when the food is low it sends smelly message to scout
ant
➢ Scout ant: responsible for locating food and send smelly message
to alter the ants where to find the food.
➢ Solider ant: Use smelly messages to communicate if there is
danger nearby

Whales
1) Humpback whales: Use-hearing sense, as it sings with different
sounds (tones) to communicate under water.

2) In the winter, it is mating season humpback uses high-pitched

sounds (squeaky voice) that travel well in cold water.

In the summer, it is feeding season humpback uses low-pitched sounds

(deep voice) that travel well in warm water.

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Technology Inspired (get benefit) by Nature

• Scientists inspired by bat echolocation to help

blind people, they created a cane with high
pitched sound, the reflected echo make
vibrations with person thumb to locate objects
as bats use echolocation to get information from
surrounding.
• Special cane of blind person is similar to bats in
a high-pitched sound (Humans cannot hear the
high-pitched sounds produced from both of
them)

Special cane of blind people Bats

Similarities
-Both of them emit a high-pitched sound that bounces off
objects as an echo.
-Both of them receive the echo that can tell how far away
objects are.
Differences
This special cane picks up an Bats pick up an echo from the
echo from the sound it emits sound they emit but they don't
and changes it into a vibration change it into vibrations
that can tell the blind person
where objects are around him.

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