Draft Writeup
Draft Writeup
Harshit Agnihotri
Summer Intern ID -108/24
Under Respected Dr. Sanjeev Naithani (Scientist G)
And Ashish Sir’s guidance
IRDE, DRDO DEHRADUN
Project Outline
Understanding and implementing the basics of current electricity and electronics to real world
situations.
Recognizing the importance of datasheet analysis and reshaping the outlook towards electronic
components.
Working on the sub surface level of interaction between coding and electronic circuit board
connections.
Working with Arduino to connect and use an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and taking the
readings.
Understanding and appreciating the handshake between the IMU sensors and data output.
ARDUINO UNO
The ARDUINO UNO board is the flagship product of Arduino. It is equipped with the well-
known ATmega328P processor, 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, USB connections,
ICSP header and reset button.
The Main Processor is ATmega328P running at up to 16 MHz. Most of its pins are connected to
the external headers, however some are reserved for internal communication with the USB
Bridge coprocessor.
Arduino boards are in compliance with RoHS 2 Directive 2011/65/EU of the European
Parliament and RoHS 3 Directive 2015/863/EU of the Council of 4 June 2015 on the restriction
of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.
Specifications
Microcontroller
Communication
UART Yes
I2C Yes
SPI Yes
Specifications
Power
I/O Voltage 5V
Input voltage (nominal) 7-12V
DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA
Power Supply Connector Barrel Plug
Memory
Dimensions
Weight 25 g
Width 53.4 mm
Length 68.6 mm
FUNCTIONS FOR IDE
• Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
is the handshake software between he computer
and board, by passing code and instructions to the
microcontroller onboard to perform tasks.
• All the libraries and codes are loaded on the coding
interface written in C, and uploaded to the
controller board via tha USB power cable itself.
• The two major parts involve setting up the initial
setups and settings under void setup(), while the
main sequence of steps to be processed and run
come under the void loop(), while other functions
can be declared following the sequence.
INERTIAL MEASUREMENT UNITS (IMUs)
• Accelerometers, the nifty devices that gauge and relay specific forces, come in a
variety of flavors, including mechanical, quartz, and MEMS (Micro
ElectroMechanical Systems) accelerometers.
• Quartz and MEMS accelerometers offer in-run bias stability ranging from 1000 µg
to 1 µg, covering various performance categories.
• With high precision and stability, they are often employed in industries where
accurate measurement of acceleration is essential, such as aerospace, defense,
automotive testing, and geophysical exploration.
ACCELEROMETER (IMU)
• Gyroscopes in an IMU measure angular velocity, indicating how fast and in what
direction something is rotating.
• There are various types of modern gyroscopes, including mechanical gyroscopes,
fiber-optic gyroscopes (FOGs), ring laser gyroscopes (RLGs), and quartz/MEMS
gyroscopes.
• Quartz and MEMS gyroscopes find applications in consumer, industrial, and
tactical markets, while fiber-optic gyroscopes cover all performance categories.
GYROSCOPE (IMU)