Chapter Digest

CHAPTER 1
Psychological Testing and Assessment
Roots of Contemporary Psychological Testing and Assessment

❖ Alfred Binet (1905)
 He works with schoolchildren in Paris. He sought to establish a method for classifying
people with "learning difficulties."
 His test was exported and made available in the US.
❖ Alpha test
 This test is for people who could read the data; alternative tests were available at the
time for people who couldn't read.
Psychological Assessment vs. Psychological Testing

❖ Psychological Assessment
 It is the overall process.
 The gathering and integrating of information relevant to psychology for the goal of
conducting a psychological evaluation.
❖ Psychological Testing
 It is just a part of process.
 The tester has no impact on the procedure or assessment.
Assessment Testing
Objective Use evaluation-related Obtain a measure of an
techniques to answer referral ability or trait, typically one
question, resolve an issue, or that is numerical in nature.
arrive a decision.
Process Assessment is typically Testing may be individual or
individualized. It usually group in nature.
focuses on how an individual
processes rather than simply
the results of that processing.
Role of Evaluator The key to the evaluation The process does not
process is the assessor. depend on the tester;
Practically, one tester can be
replaced with another without
significantly impacting the
evaluation.
Skill of Evaluator Assessments necessitate Usually involves technician-
skillful tool selection, like abilities for administering,
expertise in evaluation, and scoring, and interpreting test
careful data organization and results
integration.
Outcome Testing yields a test score or A logical approach to
series of test scores. problem-solving is used in
assessment, and numerous
sources of information are
used to help answer a
referral question.
Context that Entails Behavior Observation

❖ Military Setting
 Observing how people behave during training.
❖ Clinical Setting
 In order to provide a direct diagnosis throughout the process of assessment, you must
observe behavior.
❖ Educational Setting
 A psychologist would visit the classroom to observe how the students are doing or
behaving.
Varieties of Assessment
❖ Educational Assessment
 contains a diagnostic test to measure students' abilities.
 helps to determine how far behind a student is in comparison to their classmates at the
same school.
❖ Therapeutic Psychological Assessment
 where you examine areas of functioning that require improvement. The client's progress
is then measured through a test.
❖ Retrospective Assessment
 Looking at the past.
 Consider how the client has previously performed.
❖ Remote Assessment
 Has to do with giving tests in other locations.
❖ Ecological Assessment
 Something that can be done in the context of disaster.
❖ Dynamic Assessment
 method of psychological assessment that is interactive and typically based on an
evaluation, intervention, and evaluation cycle.
❖ Collaborative Assessment
 Assessor and assessee may work as partners from initial contact through final feedback.
 Where the client is part of the process.
Process of Assessment
Referral Meet with Prepares for Assessment

Question the assessment
Assessee
End Relay report to Writing up
the assessee the report
Note:
One of the most crucial elements is the referral question because it serves as the "trigger" for
the assessment process.
Tools of Psychological Assessment

❖ Test
 It is a tool or method that is used to measure.
Psychological Test
 An instrument that is used to measure variables related to psychology
How do tests differ?
 Format
 Content
 Administration Procedures
 Scoring and Interpretation Procedures
 Technical Quality
❖ Interview
 Face-to-face interview
 Observe verbal and nonverbal cues.
 Direct conversation with two-way exchange used as a method of information gathering.
Types of Interviews
 Panel Interview
 Aids HR professionals in making wise judgments regarding hiring, firing, and
promotion.
 The assessment involves more than one interviewer.
 Motivational Interview
 Therapeutic dialogue
 Conversation that blends person-centered listening abilities like openness and
empathy with cognition-altering strategies intended to boost inspiration and bring
about therapeutic change.
 This form of interview involves speaking with the client and helping them realize
the extent to which specific type of behavior is problematic.
❖ Portfolio
 samples of one’s ability and accomplishment.
❖ Case History Data
 refers to documents, transcripts, and accounts in textual, visual, or other forms that
preserve historical facts, official and unofficial accounts, and other information and things
important to an assessee.
❖ Behavioral Observation
 Observing how people behave in a specific circumstance.
 Using visual or technological means to keep track of one's own or other people's actions
while documenting quantitative and/or qualitative data about those actions.
Naturalistic Observation
 Participants in the study are observed in their natural settings. Unlike experiments in a
lab.
❖Role Play
 A psychological assessment tool where you would present someone with a scenario and
ask them to act it out. Like how would they deal with a challenging client, as well as
clients in general, if they met them in person.
 playing a role that was either entirely or partially improvised in a simulated scenario
❖Computers as Tools
 Play a part in modern assessment when it comes to creating simulations.
 It enables us to measure variables that were hard to quantify.
❖Penile Plethysmograph
 Instrument used to Measure men's levels of arousal.
❖Biofeedback Equipment
 Measures the responses of the body.
❖ Psychological Autopsy
 Involves interviewing family, friends, or other close relatives in a systematic manner as
well as any present medical personnel to gather all the information that is known about
the deceased.
Types of Reports
 Simple Scoring Report
 Extended Scoring Report
 Interpretive Report
 Consultative Report
 Integrative Report
Note:
The most comprehensive report is the integral report because it has all the information
you require about the client.
An assessee or test taker can even be someone who has passed away. It's referred to as
a psychological autopsy.
Psychological Assessment’s 5 Questions
❖Who
 Participants in the test.
 Those in charge of giving the test.
 Individuals who might generally profit from testing.
❖What
 What kinds of tests are there?
 What steps are being followed during the psychological testing process?
 Basically, this is what the test administration is all about.
❖Why
 The reason why you conduct the test.
 It would go back to referral question.
❖How
 How the test is administered.
❖Where
 The place where the test is administered.
What Types of Settings Are Assessments Conducted, and Why?

 Educational settings
 Clinical Settings
 Counseling Settings
 Geriatric Settings
 Business and Military Settings
 Governmental and Organizational Credentialing
 Academic Research Settings

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CHAPTER 1

Psychological Testing and Assessment

Roots of Contemporary Psychological Testing and Assessment

Psychological Assessment vs. Psychological Testing

Context that Entails Behavior Observation

Referral Meet with Prepares for Assessment

Tools of Psychological Assessment

What Types of Settings Are Assessments Conducted, and Why?

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