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CAPITULO XXXVI
ECUACIONES BINOMIAS Y TRINOMIAS

Ejercicio 284

Resolver las ecuaciones:

1.

x6 − 7x3 − 8 = 0

x6 − 8x3 + x3 − 8 = 0
x3 x3 − 8 + x3 − 8 = 0

x3 − 8 x3 + 1 = 0

(x − 2) x2 + 2x + 4 (x + 1) x2 − x + 1 = 0

x1 − 2 = 0
x1 = 2

x2 + 1 = 0
x2 = −2

x2 + 2x + 4 = 0
p
−2 ± 22 − 4 (1) (4)
x=
2 (1)
√
−2 ± 4 − 16
x=
2
√
−2 ± −12
x=
2p
−2 ± (−1) (3) (22 )
x=
2
√ √
−2 ± 2 −1 3
x=
2√


2 −1 ± 3i
x=
√2

x3 = −1 + 3i
√
x4 = −1 − 3i

x2 − x + 1 = 0
q
2
− (−1) ± (−1) − 4 (1) (1)
x=
2 (1)
√
1± 1−4
x=
2 √
√
1 ± −1 3
x=
√2
1 ± 3i
x=
2√
1 + 3i
x5 =
2√
1 − 3i
x6 =
2

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2.

x6 + 30x3 + 81 = 0

x6 + 27x3 + 3x3 + 81 = 0
x3 x3 + 27 + 3 x3 + 27 = 0

x3 + 3 x3 + 27 = 0

x3 + 3 (x + 3) x2 − 3x + 9 = 0

x31 + 3 = 0
x31 = −3
√
x1 = 3 −3
√3
x1 = − 3

x2 + 3 = 0
x2 = −3

x2 − 3x + 9 = 0
q
2
− (−3) ± (−3) − 4 (1) (9)
x=
2 (1)
√
3± 9 − 36
x=
√2
3 ± −27
x=
2
p
3 ± (−1) (33 )
x=
√2√
3 ± 3 3 −1
x=
√2
3 ± 3 3i
x=
2√
3 − 3 3i
x3 =
2√
3 + 3 3i
x4 =
2

3.

8x6 + 15x3 − 2 = 0

8x6 + 16x3 − x3 − 2 = 0
8x3 x2 + 2 − x3 + 2 = 0

8x3 − 1 x3 + 2 = 0

8x31 − 1 = 0
8x31 = 1
1
x31 =
8
r
1
x1 =
8
1
x1 =
2

x32 + 2 = 0
x32 = −2
√
x2 = 3 −2
√3
x2 = − 2

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4.

x8 − 41x4 + 400 = 0

x8 − 16x4 − 25x4 + 400 = 0

x4 x4 − 16 − 25 x4 − 16 = 0

x4 − 25 x4 − 16 = 0

x2 + 5 x2 − 5 x2 − 4 x2 + 4 = 0

x2 + 5 x2 − 5 x2 + 4 (x + 2) (x − 2) = 0

x1 + 2 = 0
x1 = −2

x2 − 2 = 0
x2 = 2

x2 + 5 = 0
x2 = −5
√
x = ± −5
√
x3 = 5i
√
x4 = − 5i

x2 − 5 = 0
x2 = 5
√
x=± 5
√
x5 = 5
√
x6 = − 5

x2 + 4 = 0
x2 = −4
√
x = ± −4
p
x = ± (−1) (22 )
√
x = ±2 −1
x = ±2i
x7 = 2i
x8 = −2i

5.

x10 − 33x5 + 32 = 0

x10 − x5 − 32x5 + 32 = 0
x5 x2 − 1 − 32 x5 − 1 = 0

x5 − 32 x5 − 1 = 0

x5 − 32 = 0
x5 = 32
√5
x1 = 32
x1 = 2

x5 − 1 = 0
x5 = 1
√5
x= 1
x2 = 1

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6.

x−4 − 13x−2 + 36 = 0

x−2 − 9 x−2 − 4 = 0

x−2 − 9 = 0
x−2 = 9
1
=9
x2
1
x2 =
9r
1
x=±
9
1
x=±
3
1
x1 =
3
1
x2 = −
3

x−2 − 4 = 0
x−2 = 4
1
=4
x2
1
x2 =
4r
1
x=±
4
1
x=±
2
1
x3 =
2
1
x4 = −
2

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7.

x−6 + 35x−3 = −216

x−6 + 35x−3 + 216 = 0

x−6 + 27x−3 + 8x−3 + 216 = 0
x−3 x−3 + 27 + 8 x−3 + 27 = 0

x−3 + 8 x−3 + 27 = 0

x−3 + 8 = 0
x−3 = −8
1
= −8
x3
1
x3 = −
r 8
3 1
x1 = −
8
1
x1 = −
2

x−3 + 27 = 0
x−3 = −27
1
= −27
x3
1
x3 = −
r 27
3 1
x2 = −
27
1
x2 = −
3

8.

x−10 = 242x−5 + 243

x−10 − 242x−5 − 243 = 0

x−5 − 243 x−5 + 1 = 0

x−5 − 243 = 0
x−5 = 243
1
= 243
x5
1
x5 =
243
r
5 1
x1 =
243
1
x1 =
3

x−5 + 1 = 0
x−5 = −1
1
= −1
x5
x5 = −1
√
x2 = 5 −1
x2 = −1

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9.

3
x3 − 9x 2 + 8 = 0

3 3
x3 − x 2 − 8x 2 + 8 = 0
3
 3
  3 
x2 x2 − 1 − 8 x2 − 1 = 0
 3  3 
x2 − 8 x2 − 1 = 0
3
x2 − 8 = 0
3
x2 = 8
 3  23 2
x2 = 83
√
3
x1 = 82
√
3
x1 = 64
x1 = 4

3
x2 − 1 = 0
 3  23 2
x2 = 13
x2 = 1

10.

1
x + x2 = 6

1 1
x − 2x 2 + 3x 2 − 6 = 0
1
 1
  1 
x2 x2 − 2 + 3 x2 − 2 = 0
 1  1 
x2 + 3 x2 − 2 = 0
1
x2 + 3 = 0
1
x 2 = −3
 1 2
2
x 2 = (−3)
x1 = 9

1
x2 − 2 = 0
1
x2 = 2
 1 2
x 2 = 22
x2 = 4

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11.

√
3x = 16 x − 5

1
3x − 16x 2 + 5 = 0
1 1
3x − x 2 − 15x 2 + 5 = 0
1
 1
  1 
x 2 3x 2 − 1 − 5 3x 2 − 1 = 0
 1  1 
x 2 − 5 3x 2 − 1 = 0
1
x2 − 5 = 0
1
x2 = 5
 1 2
x 2 = 52
x1 = 25

1
3x 2 − 1 = 0
1
3x 2 = 1
1 1
x2 =
3
 1 2  1 2
x2 =
3
1
x=
9

12.

1 1
2x 2 − 5x 4 + 2 = 0

1 1 1
2x 2 − x 4 − 4x 4 + 2 = 0
1
 1   1 
x 4 2x 4 − 1 − 2 2x 4 − 1 = 0
 1  1 
x 4 − 2 2x 4 − 1 = 0
1
x4 − 2 = 0
1
x4 = 2
 1 4
x 4 = 24
x1 = 16

1
2x 4 − 1 = 0
1
2x 4 = 1
1 1
x4 =
2
 1 4  1 4
x4 =
2
1
x2 =
16

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