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HO Phy10 - D-T & S-T Graphs

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8 views4 pages

HO Phy10 - D-T & S-T Graphs

Uploaded by

sssmrmichael.nelson
Copyright
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Name : _________________________________________ Grade : _________

Handout : Unit 1 Speed-Time Graphs & Distance-Time Graphs (Grade 10)

1. Introduction to Graphs in Motion

Graphs are essential tools to visualize and interpret motion. In physics, two main types of
graphs are used to represent motion:

● Distance-Time Graphs – show how far an object has traveled over time.
● Speed-Time Graphs – show how an object’s speed changes over time.

2. Points to Remember

● Distance-Time Graphs: Slope indicates speed. A straight line means constant speed; a
horizontal line indicates rest.
● Speed-Time Graphs: Slope indicates acceleration. The area under the line represents
the distance traveled.
● Units: Ensure all units are consistent (e.g., meters, seconds).
● Types of Lines:
○ Distance-Time Graph: A curved line shows changing speed.
○ Speed-Time Graph: A straight line sloping up or down shows constant
acceleration or deceleration.

HO : D-T & S-T Graphs 1


3. Practice Problems

1. On a Distance-Time graph, a line goes from (0,0) to (20, 100). What is the speed of the
object?

Solution:

● The speed of an object on a Distance-Time graph is found by calculating the slope of


the line.
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 100−0
● Slope (Speed) = 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
= 20−0
= 5 𝑚/𝑠

Answer: The speed of the object is 5 m/s.

HO : D-T & S-T Graphs 2


2. On a Speed-Time graph, a car accelerates from 0 to 15 m/s in 5 seconds. Calculate the
acceleration and the distance traveled in this time.

Solution:

1. Calculate Acceleration
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
○ Acceleration = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
Given:
○ Initial Speed (u) = 0 m/s
○ Final Speed (v) = 15 m/s
○ Time (t) = 5 s

𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑−𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 15−0 15


a= 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
= 5
= 5
= 3 m/s2

2. Calculate Distance Traveled


○ On a Speed-Time graph, the area under the graph represents the distance
traveled.
○ The graph forms a triangle with base t = 5 s and height v = 15 m/s.

1 1
Distance = 2
× base × height = 2
× 5 × 15 = 37.5 m

Answer: The car's acceleration is 3 m/s², and it travels a distance of 37.5 meters.

HO : D-T & S-T Graphs 3


4. Summary Table
Graph Type Slope Area Represents Key Lines
Represents

Distance-Time Speed N/A Straight = constant speed;


Horizontal = rest

Speed-Time Acceleration Distance Traveled Straight = constant acceleration;


Horizontal = constant speed

HO : D-T & S-T Graphs 4

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