COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 1

PREFINALS REVIEWER
POPULATION-FOCUSED APPROACH AND ATOMISTIC APPROACH
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING INTERVENTIONS - proposed by Byrne and Thompson
-focuses on the entire population - views man as an organism
-based on assessment of the populations’ health status - sees the whole as equal o the sum of its parts or subparts
-considers the broad determinants of health - levels of organization include: (chemical level, organelle level,
-emphasizes all levels of prevention Cellular level, Tissue level, organ level, system level)
-intervenes with communities, systems, individuals and
families HOLISTIC APPROACH
- Traces the pattern of man’s relationship with other beings in
PHILOSOPY OF CHN PRACTICE: (HUMANISTIC) the society.
- How man acts and reacts to situational stimuli provide clues
H-umanistic values of the nursing profession uphea;th
in understanding his responses and teh reasons behind them
U-nique & distinct component of health care
- Man as a whole is different from and is more then the sum of
M-ultiple factors of health considered
his component parts
A-ctive participation of clients encouraged
- Dimensions: (physical, social, spiritual,cognitive, and
N-urse considers availability of resources
psychological)
I-nterdependencce among health team members practiced
S-cientific and up to date
FIVE DIMENSIONS OF MAN
T-tasks of CH nurse vary with time and place
I-ndependence or self-reliance is the end goal 1.PHYSICAL BEING
C-onnectedness of health & development regarded -genetic endowment
-sex
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN -physical attributes
- Community is the patient in CHN
- Family is the unit of care 2.SOCIAL BEING
-capable of relating to others
FOUR LEVELS OF CLIENTELE: -process of social learning by which a person acquires KSA
A.individuals (knowledge, skills, ) and roles appropriate to sex, social class,
B.families and ethnic or cultural group
C.population groups (purok system)
D.community (barangays) 3.SPIRITUAL BEING
Ps: client is considered an active partner -capable of virtues such as faith, hope, and charity
-believes in a power beyond himself and in transcending one’s
 Affected by developments in health technology in limitations in order to become a better person
particular and changes in society in general
 The goals is achieved through multisectoral efforts 4.THINKING OR INTELLECTUAL BEING
 CHN is part of health care system and the larger human -capable of perception,cognition & communication
services system -capable of logical thinking and reasoning

CLIENT PATIENT 5.PSYCHOLOGICAL BEING

 Sick -capable of feeling, rationality, and all conscious and
 from the greek word unconscious mental states
May or may not be sick
“pathein” which means
“to suffer”
Collaborates with the health Dependent on health FAMILY (defined by Murray and Zentner, 1997)
professionals when it comes professionals for decisions - a small social system and primary reference group made up
to his/her care and health care of two more persons living together who are related by blood,
Assumes an active role in Passive receiver of health marriage, or adoption or who are living together by
health care services arrangement over a period of time
Health professionals perform Health professionals
POPULATION GROUP OR AGGREGATE
health promotion and disease generally perform disease
-is a group of people sharing the same characteristics,
prevention activies prevention activities
developmental stage, or common exposure to particular
environment factors
INDIVIDUAL AS CLIENT
-deals with sick or well Examples:
-consults the health center &receives health services in A.children
different forms B.women
-can be seen both as clients and patients C.farmers
-can be used as an “entry point” in working with the whole D.cultural minorities
family E.elderly
-can be seen in two ways/approach
A. Atomistic
B. Holistic
Kristine Temperatura | BSN 2B
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 1
PREFINALS REVIEWER
 CHILDREN
- most vulnerable to diff types of diseases especially hose 3) A healthy has control of its family life.
brought about by socio-economic difficulties - Family life has not be ruled by an outside calendar of social
- Predominantly afflicted with infectious diseases and celebrations and obligations, however, valuable in themselves.
nutrition problems -suggested by Fr. J. Pimenta

 ELDERLY 4) A healthy family demands responsibility from all members

- individuals belonging to the age group of 60yrs and above towards the common needs.
- With the lengthening of the lifespan of the Filipinos, it is - All family members, children included, are to be responsible
the best that health professionals understand the health towards the common needs and burdens of the family.
needs of the elderly
5) A healthy family demands mutual respect for one other.
 WOMEN FUNCTION - Respect thrives in the family that never humiliates others,
- primary function of the family is to ensure the continuation not even the smallest children, nor discusses anyone's
of society, both biologically through procreation and socially shortcomings in front of others, belittles them or makes them
through socialization;for parents victims of others' failures.

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE FAMILY ARE: 6) A healthy Family allows its members to do mistakes.
1. Regulate sexual access and activity - We learn by trial and error. Do not expect the members of
2. Provide and orderly context your family to be perfect
3. Nurture and socialize children from the very start.
4. Ascribe social status
Families further impart affection, care and adaptive 7) The healthy family is able to deal with adversity as well
functions. as success.
- The healthy family gathers together in an effort to deal
FAMILY DEVELOPMENTAL with any problem, be it unemployment, alcoholism, school or
college failure or whatever.
STAGES OF THE FAMILY LIFE CYCLE:
1) unattached adult 8) The healthy family communicates.
2) newly married adults/married couple w/o children - The healthy family enjoys sharing with one another their
3) childbearing adults/families with the oldest child between joys and sorrows not good news only but also, disappointments,
birth and 30 months failures and dreams as well.
4) families with pre-school age children
5) families with school-age children 9) Members of a healthy family spend time along with each
6) teen-age years other.
7) launching center - This is the time when one person spends time alone with
8) middle-aged adults another member of the family.
9) retired adults
10) The healthy family develops a sense of play and humour.
FAMILY HEALTH TASK - The degree of fun and humor among families varies widely.
-The family tasks areas include basic, developmental and crisis
tasks. 11) The healthy family develops trust.
- Basic task is concerned with the provision of food, money, - Children must be trusted and at the same time they should
shelter and other necessities of life. know and experience that they can trust their parents. Lack
- Individual development stages include infancy, childhood, of trust at home becomes the most destructive weapon and
adolescence, adulthood and aging. sickness within the family.
- Health care tasks include providing care and support to
someone with health care needs, an important component of 12) The healthy family lets each child to be the person God
their role can include carrying out tasks that are of clinical in created:
nature which might include caring for wounds, catheter or - Some families unfortunately force their children into a mold
tracheostomy care, managing of conformity. The motto of a healthy family should be: "Be
ventilation or the administration of medicines. and let be" Children like beautiful flowers should grow to be;
what God want them to be. Parents should be like careful
CHARACTERISTICS OF A HEALTHY FAMILY gardeners, not like ruthless stone sculptors.
- Suggested by: Fr. J. Pimenta
13) The healthy family lets go.
1) The healthy family has a strong sense of family belonging. - Parents shouldn't be too much possessive, when the time
- Even if the family members have to move far away from comes for the child to leave home, let him/her go.
home, will retain a feeling of caring, closeness and belonging.

2) A healthy family has meaningful social and religious

celebrations.
- Religious and social traditions are important to the health of
a family.
Kristine Temperatura | BSN 2B
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 1
PREFINALS REVIEWER
PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS (PHW)
- Members of the health team who are professionals namely:
 Medical Officer (MO)-Physician
 Public Health Nurse (PHN)-Registered Nurse
 Rural Health Midwife (RHM)- Registered Midwife
 Dentist
 Nutritionist
 Medical Technologist
 Pharmacist
 Rural Sanitary Inspector (RSI)- must be a sanitary
engineer

THE RURAL HEALTH UNIT

- Primary level health facility in the municipality.
- Focuses on promotive and preventive health services.
- Supervises the BHSs
- 1 RHU: 20,000 population

BARANGAY HEALTH STATION

- first-contact health care facility offering basic services at
the barangay
- Manned by the RHM and BHWs

RHU PERSONNEL’s:

 Municipal Health Officer (MHO)

- A.k.a. Rural Health Physician
- Administrator of the RHU Community physician
Medico-legal officer of the municipality 1 MHO: 20,000
population

 Public Health Nurse (PHN)

- Supervises and guides all RHMs in the municipality.
- Prepares FHSIS quarterly and annual reports of the
municipality for submission to the Provincial Health Office
- Utilizes the nursing process in responding to health care
needs, including needs for health education and promotions, of
individuals, families, and catchment community.
- Collaborates with the other members of the health team,
government agencies, private businesses, NGOs, and people’s
organizations to address the community’s health problems.
- 1:10,0000 population (1 is to 10k population)
- Manages the BHS and supervises and trains the BHW.
- Provides midwifery services and executes health care
programs and activities for women of reproductive age.
- Conducts patient assessment and diagnosis for referral or
further management.
- Performs health information, education, and communication
activities.
- Organizes the community.
- Facilitates barangay health planning and other community
health services.

Kristine Temperatura | BSN 2B