02 TRIBHUVAN UNIVEI{SITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Bxamination Control Division
2075 Bhadra

Subject: - Theory of Structure (Cl55l)_

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt AII questions.
'/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Mqrks.
/ Assume suitahle data if necesssry.

l. a) What is stnrcture analysis? Explain the basic approaches of structural analysis. [1+3]
b) Determine the vertical deflection of joint E due to the decrease in temperature by
z}"ein member CD and member CE being 8 mm too long. tIzl

Take E :200x1031N/mm2
Horizontal member area
cr = 12x10*C
= 2000 mmt
VerticaVinclined 7.
member atea : 1000
mm2

Load on truss

2. a) Explain what is neutral point in influence line diagram (ILD) of structural of

quantities. Describe how niutral points are detennined in ILD of bending moment and
,hrur force in a three hinged ut.h. t4l
b) A syrnrnetrical beam ABCD is simply supported at its ends A and D over a span of 6
111. it is made up of three portions with different values if I, the length of
the middle
portion with the value of il is 3 m and the portion with the values of I is 1.5 m each-
ih" b.u* carries two point loads of 20 kN at B and C. Find the slope and deflection
A, B, C and D using the conjugate beam m:thod' Tat{e E : 200 kN/mm' and I =
2i lgiommo Uzl

3. a) Using ILD, calculate reaction at A and BM at C. t6l

rtt I
| 2*llnl 5n I
'i
b) A suspension cable is suspended between trvo supports at a distance 25 m. and loaded
as shown in figure below. Calculate maximurn tension in each segment of cable, if
level difference between A and B is 0.5 m and dip under second load is 2 m. t10l

4. a) State and explain the theorems of moment area method'

b) A three hinged symmetric parabolic arch has a span of 32 m and a rise of 8 m. It is

subjected to two rolling loads of magnitudes 80 kN and 40 kN separately by a
disiance of 3 m. The load moves from right to left with 80 kN load leading. Determine
the mar<imum positive moment and negative moment at a section 8 m from the left
support. [10

5. a) Calculate the uniform distributed load transferred to the main cable due to a point load
applied to the three hinged stiffening grrder, Assume suitable data. t6l
b) Draw LID for UzLz, UrLz and UrLr u0l

";'"'
'r-'
 03 TRIBHUVA}I I.'NIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examination Control Division
2075 Baisakh

of Structure (CE55I)
{ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attempt AII questiorts.
{ The Jisures in the margtn indicate FuIl Marlrs.
,/ Assume suitable dnta dnecessary'

l. a) Explain lin€ar and non linear behaviour of structtue with suiable force diqplacement
diagram. I4l
b) Determine stain energies due to bending and shear in the overhanging bearn shown in
figure below and also detennine deflection at C by using real work method. uzl
E = 200 KN/rnm2 G: 80 KN/rnm2
20 KN
lfl) mnr

I20rnm

a) Expl'ain tlre principle of super position with suitable example. t4l

b) Determinethe vertical deflection ofjoint E. All the top chord member are subjected to
temperahrre and EC are 5mm. too long while
fabrication. xpansion as 12*10'/oc, m-odulus of
elasticity as each mernbers is 1500 mm2. t12l

3- a) State and proof fust theorem of moment area method. t4l

b) For the beam shown in figure below, find the deflection and slope at E and B, take
I : 6+ 107 mma and E :200 ki.{/mmz. lr2l
I
4. a) Draw the influence lines for support reactions, shear force and bending moment at a
section 5m from the left support of a simply supported beam of 20m span. t6l

b) Draw influence line diagrams for the forces in member bc, hg and df of the truss. The
load moves in the upper chord of the truss. tl0l

12m

10m clOmd 10m

4@10m : 40m
5. a) Explain graphical method to detennine the reactions of a three hinged arch uihen it is
subjectod to a single concentrated load. t4I
b) ln the three hinged parabolic arch shown in figure below determine bending moment,
D.
normal thrust and radial shear force at section
tlzl
50 KN/m 80 KN
t
03 TRIBHWAN I.'NIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examination Control Division
znn Magh

Subject: - Theory of Structure I (CE55I)

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
{ Attempt AII questions.
{ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks-
./ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Differentiate between linear and non-linear behavior of structures and explain their
uses in theory of structures. t4]
b) The suspension cable is suspended from two piers 180 nr apart, left support being 5 m
above the other. The cable carries turiformly distributed load of 15 KN/m in plan and
has its lowest point l0 m below the lower support. The ends of the cables are attached
to saddles on rollers on top of piers and the back stays which may be assumed smight
are inclined at 60" to the vertical.Determine: [10]
D Maximum tension in the cable
ii) T?re length of the cable
iii) Maximum thrust on the pier
2. a) Explain what is virtual work (unit louO method and give an example to illustrate it. t4l
b) A bar of 3 cm diameter and of length 130 cm is supported rigidly in the vertical
position at the top and is provided with a hollow falling mass and a collar at the
bottom which zupports a spring l0 cm long. Find the stress developed if the falling
mass is 4 kg and it falls from the height of 1.15 m measured from the collar top. Take
stiffiress ofitre spring k as 40 KN/m and E as 210 GN/m2. tSl
3- a) What are conjugate beam theorems? Explain its use with an example. t4]
b) Determine the rotation and vertical deflection at free end. [10]

20 KN/m

30 KN
KN
t
4- a) Derive expressions for calculation of structural quantities by using
influence line
diagram, when the loads applied are concenEated for"r, uniform
distributed load and
couple.
t6l
b) Determine Bending rnoment, radial shear force and normal
thrust at point D of the
three hinged parabolic arch shown in figure below.
tlOl

I8O KN

6 KN/m

5' a) Draw ILD for forces in member ulLL,rJ2ll3,lJ2L3,Il2L2,L2L3 and u3L3 for a
given truss, when the load is moving on the bottom chord. Uz)

b) calculate deflection at point B and D using conjugate

beam method.
[r21

+**
 03 'IRIBHUVAN IJNIVERSIT'Y

INSTITUTE OIT ENGINEERING

,
Examination Control Division
2X73 Bhadra

fynisff :Jll-e-ory 9-f $tru9tu1?\ LCF-\\U

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own
lvords as far as practicable'
'/ Attempt A,ll questions'
'/ The figures in the motgin indicate FulI Marks,'
/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Describe the types of structures based on material used' t4l

b) A suspension bridge, m
150 girders supported
by two cables with a central KN' 150 KN' 300

KN and 100 KN with equal to ri.ght along the

central lines of the roadway having 200 KN termtne rnaxlmum
maximum tension in the
bencling moment at 40 - do* left support. Aiso determine
cable. [6+4]

2. a) List the steps to follow and illustrate them in an example for determination of
displacem"rrt in a structura! system using virn:al work (unit load) method. t4]

b) A cantilever beam of length 4 m and having circular cross section of diameter

15 cm
is subjected to a concentrated load of l0 KN and a twisting moment 5 KNm at its end.
:
Calculate the strain energies due to bending, shear and iorsion- E 200 KN/mmz,
C: SO KN/mm2 t8l

3. a) State and prove theorems of rrovement area method' t4l

b) Determine the vertical deflection ofjoint B. Ali the top chord members are subjected
to temperarure rise of 20'C emd ail the vertical members are l0mm too long. Take
coeffrcient of thermal .*punrioo * f i"l0-6/oC. Modulus of elasticity as 200KNimm2'
Cross-sectional area of each member is 1500 mm'. [10]

sOKN 30r<N t-
,l \
.'a'

!
I
l\
- -:fr*--;22OKF*l
/a
.f.
,/

4. a) Derive expression for calculation of structural of quantities by using influence line

diagram when the loads applied €ue concentrated force, unifbnn distributed load and
*ult*. q [6]
b) A three hinged syrnmetrical circular arch has a span 50 m and a rise of 10 m. It is
subjected to a rolling load of 50 KN/m of span l0 m moving from left to right.
Deiermine maximurn bending moment, radial shear and normal thrust at 15 m from
left support with the help of influerrce line diagram. t10I
b 5. a) Determine slope and deflection at fuee end and 2 m from left support. tr2l

m,, ,- '-- f ' 2 m "-)

/v- ----6
b) Determine marcimum bending moment at C and absolute ma:<imum bending moment
in the girder shown in figure below when four concentrated loads rnove from left to
right. Ir2l
170 KII 215 KN 150 KI{
120 KN
3m
-->

'G
 5
03 BTSHWAWUNIVERSITY Eram. l{egular
INSTTTUTE OF ENGINEERING LeVel BE FUU lt{erlc 80

Examination Control Division Prograrume BCE Pass lflarh 32

2072 Ashwin Year /Part II/ tI Time 3 hrs.

of Stmcture

Asswne siittable data if rucessuy,

t4l
a span of 40 m and rise of l0 m. Draw
*r
[12]

atthe sarne section.

'14) .,. . j.;(+.:sjl

141
6) A uniform shaft ABC is simply supported in and B and overlpgging b
: a W.hen a ffansverse'forcilgarinliA
C,.'.
l AB = I and BC p acts at C, show that Oe ma:<imrm
p"l'''
deflection in the portion AB is
rffi It21

3. a) Explain what is dpamic multiplier and derive the formula for it when a mass falls on
mid span of a simply supported beam. t4l
rli' ill b), as shov*rn due to
;'l'i .,:l [12] i

f.n

\ *Lr, :24 m
-.

4. a) Show thaf there is nq....bSpding moment ut secJion of a parabolic arch (three *y

hing€d) subjected 16 1dl[ rinifsrmly disributed ovgr,horizo$al span. t4I i
' b1 Do.*rine the deflectioh and slope at C in the oVffiging Cnorlm in figure
.l
'1
below by using virtual work (unit load) method. Tat<e Ei'= 100000 Ki.Im2. u21
I
IO KN
I
A

I m

-..-) -- .--.. --.- --:. ..... ... -

5
 . .---_..i.:, i_"L--_,;
I u:1j.1

-6

5. a) Explain how a shuctural quantity (bendirrg moment, shear force etc) can be calculated
fiom influence tine diagram due to loads-concentrated force distributed load and
couple.
b)

the q1-ders. u0I

: , , .::li

,6
,.
'l

i.
1T

03 TRIBHWA}II.'NTVERSITY Exam. Ncry llucli (206(r ct l-atcr Birtch]

INsfi TUTE or rtNcnrgER['rc LeVeI BE FuIlMarks 80
Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32
',i 2072Magh Year / Part II/[ Time 3 hrs.

of Structure
/ Candidates are requiied to give tleir answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All questions.
'/ Thefigwes in the margin indicate Full Marks.
{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Enrmciate the principle of superposition and explain with suitable example. I4l
b) A simply supported beam carries a point load W at mid span L. The middle one third
portion of length has flexural rigidity 2 EI aod rest two third portion has flexural
rigidity EI. Determine the maximum deflection and slope at supports. Use conjugate
beam method. tl2l
2: a) A rectangular beam 25cmx50cm (bxd) is simply supported on a span of 6 m and
carries a central load of 100 KN. Calculate the strain eNrergy {ue to shear. Neglect self
weight of the beam. Take E = 2x106 kg/cm2,and G = 0.85x106 t<gcrr,z. t4l
b) Draw influence line diagram for forces in members BC'and BG and determine
maximum force in meinber BC when unifonnly disnibuted load 6 KN/m of length I
m moves. Ll2l

B
2m
4m
E
A
=24m 4

3. a) Define real work and virtual work for deformable structur€s. t4l
b) A three hinged circular arch has span 40 m and rise 5 m. Make a sketch of the arch
and given the equation to it. It carries a concentrated load 60 KN at 8 rrr irom the right
support and uniformly distributed load 4 KN/m over left haii portion. Detennine
bending moment, radial shear force and nGrifral thr.ist at a section l0 m from the left
support. Il2l
4. a) What is neutral point in an influence line diagram of an arch? Determine it for a three
hinged arch for an ILD for bending moment diagram at a section. t6l
'c) Determine the vertical defection ofjoint E due to the increase in temperature of 20oC
of member CD and member CE being 5 mm too long. [10]
KN
Take E:200 KN/mnf
q'= 12x109"C
C Arear- 1000 mm2
for all members

4 4

+
 "'---l-,

I ra

5. a) Define influence line diagram and explain how it is different from other stmctural
quantity diagrams like bending moment diagram, shear force diagrarn etc. t4l
b) A suspension cable having central dip 15 m supports a three hinged stiffening girder
150 m long which supports point loads 180 KN at 50 m from left support and 120 KN
at 30 m from the right support. The dead load of the girder is 5 KN/m. Determine
Bending mome,nt and shear force at a section 30 m from the left support. Also
determine the maximum tension in the cable and iength of ca6le. tt21
+*+

;..
Ii;

,:.
4t

i;i:
i1l
,B:

|:t

.ti

B .".&. .1..
a
1o lu rY1

01 TRIBHUVAN LTNIVERSITY Exam. OLD Back (2065 & Earlier Batch)

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

2071Magh Year / Part [/II Timti 3 hrs.

;/ ;;;; ;-,# **l';:*::

Attempt any Five questions.
?;'HIH f{{!;";;;;;;;; ---
'/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Futl Marks.
y' Assume suitable data if necessary.

l. a) What is strain energy? F.xplain with an example real work method to calculate the
. deflectionofabeam. U+3I
b) Determine the vertical deflection at point D of the frame loaded as shown in figure
below: Ll21
4 kNm-r

C
25
I5 KN

6m 45 cm

E: l50KN/mm2
A
3 m

2. a) State and derive formulae for conjugate beam method. t6l

b) Determine vertical deflection at D of the beam shown in figure below by using moment
area method. Take EI to be [10]
"onr,*,.r, **
10 KN

A C

2.;5 m 2.5 m 2m

3. Determine the deflection at E of the pin-jointed Truss shown in figure below by using Virtual
work method. U6l

Take area for all member 8m

to be constant
A:400 mm2
E = 200x103N/mm2
KN KN 50
0m I l0m
4. a) Draw influence Iine diagram for shear force at C of the overhanging beam shown in
figure below. t6I
A D
C
6m
20m 5m

b) Determine maximum negative and positive bending moment at section C of the

overhanging beam shown in Q.N.4a when uniform distributed load of intensity l5 KN/m
of length 4 m rolls over the beam from left to right. [10]
5. a) Derive the formula for determination of neutral point in influence line fliagram of
bending moment for a given section in a three hinged parabolic arch. t61
b) A three hinged parabolic arch having span 80 m and central rise 8 m is loaded as shown
in figure below. Determine bending moment, normal trust and radial shear force at
section D. [0]
KN l0m IOO KN
l+-------rl C
30"

8m

A .(,
B
80m

6. A suspension cable bridge has a three hinged girder supported by two cables. The roadway is
6 m wide. The girder has its self weight 5 KN/mz. The live load consists of two concentrated
loads 200 KN at 20 m from Ieft support and 150 KN at 1.0 m right from the 200 KN load. The
span is 120 m and central dip is 12 m. The live loads are acting at the central of the girder.
Determine shear force and bending moment at section 25 m from left support of the girder.
Also determine required cross sectional area of the cable if the allowable tensile stress of
cable material is 120 N/mm2. tl6l
***
 03 TRIBHLTVAN I.JNII'ERSITY Exam. Rcgular / Ii:rch
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination' Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marla 32

2071 Bhadra Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subjecf - Theory of Structure (CEsst) |

-_-----_,_*-._--_----.---]T- _
r' Candidates are required to glve their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
{ AttemptAllquestions.
/ Assume silrtabte data if necessary.

l. a) Use influence tine diagram to determine most critical position of a stretch of uniform
I
distributed load and a set of concentrated forces to give maximum bending moment at
a given section of a simply supported beam. Assume the leng& qf the uniform
distributed load and the set of concentrated forces to be Iess than the span of the
t6l
b) Calculate horizontal displacement of the rollei support and angular displacement of
the fixed hinge of the given portal frame by using unit load (vinual work) method;
Express the result in terms of sectional stiffness E[. Il21
W
I
2EI

a 3

r a_w<
2- a) Define stain energy and explain withexamptes the difference between gradually and
suddenly applied direct loads. Derive the expression for strain energy due to shear
foroe in a beam in bending. t6l
b) A sirnply supported beam of span 4 m with an overhang of length 2 m on right sideof
the beam is'loaded in the span with uniform distributed load of intenlity 2 kN/m. The
overhang is loaded with a concentrated force of magnirude 3 kN at the free end.
Calculate thbdeflection of the free end of the overhang and slope at the support. Use
conjugate beam method. u21
3- a) Explain the characteristics of structural mechanics and describe with suitable
examples what are the two basic approaches of structural analysis. t6I
b) Draw a simple rectangular plane truss having" span of four equal bays and with
horizontal, vertical and inclined members. Shoiv raquired dimensions of the [uss.
Draw influence line diagrams for forces in one of the each horizontal vertical and
inclined members. Consider the given truss is dec'k type. tl2l
4. A three hinged synmetrical parabolic arch of span 20 m and rise 4 m is with a point load
of magnitude kN
4 at 4 m distance from the left hinge. First, draw influence line diagram
(ILD) for bending moment (BM), radial shear (RS), and normal thrust CNT) for the
section where the point load is and then calculate the values of BM, RS and NT at the
section using the ILDs. Also check these values of internal forces at the section by first
principle using equilibrium equations. ll3l
5. Determine rhe cross sectional area required'for the cable loaded as shown in figure below
if the permissible tensile stress of the cable material is t 500 N/mm2. The self weight of
the girder is l0 k},l/m. Draw bending moment diagram of three hinged stiffening girder
and also calculate the length ofcable. [13]

A ..-=.-"--

8m

***

a
- I : il I ..,,,',. :; ,,

06 TRIBI-IUVAN- tJNIVF.RSI'IY Ex.1m, New Baek &

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERIN G Level Full l\{arks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

2071 Magh Year / Parl II I II 'f irne hrs.

,/ Candidates arc required to give their answers in their own rvords as far as practicable.
/ Attempt All queslions.
'/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

i. a) Explain with suitable force-displacement diagram, the elastic, inelastic, linear and
non-linear behaviour of structure. l4l
b) A bar of Z cm diameter and of length 125 cm is supported rigidly in the vertical
position at the top and is provided r.vith a holow falling mass and a collar at the
bottom rvhich supports a spring l0 cm long. Find the stress developed if the falling
mass is 4 kg and it fals from the height of one mcter measured from the collar top.
Take g:9.81 m/s2, stiffness of the spring (k):40 KN/m and E:210 GN/rnr. t6l
2. a) Use virtual work method to determine thc mid-span deflection fbr a simply supported
steel beam of depth 300 mnr carrying a superimposed udl of 20 KNAn ovcr a span of
5 m, if the temperature of the top surface is 40"C and at bottom surface is 30'C.
Assume the temperature to vary linearly over the depth of the beam. Take coefficient
of thermal expansion : 11.7 x l0-6/oc E:210 GNim2 and moment of incrtia:
15000 cma. [1 0]
b) Using infl'uence line diagram prove that for a uniformly distributed load shorter than
span, the bending moment at a section is maximunr when the position of the load is
such that the section divides the span and the load in the same ratio. tsl
3- a) Draw influence Iine diagram for bending moment and shear fbrce at rnid span of the
beam of span 20 m and determine bending moment and shear force at tl-rat section due
to lhe loads shown in figure using the influence line diagram. It0l
50 KN
30 KN
3m
l0 KN/m

5rn r0 m

b) Draw- influence line diagram for forces in member FG and BC of the truss shown in
figure belorv and determine maximum fbrces in these members when a single
concentrated load 100 KN rolls over the span ofthe truss. t5l

F
5m

A
B C D

"1
?{r+t ';
".,i,6i
,ilr:t!q+;tfi 1.i!. . .
,.el

4. In the three hingcd parabolic arch loaded as shown below, deteminc rcactions at supports
and also find bending monrent. normal thrust and radial shear force at sectisn D 15 m far
from A. Dlaw influence linc cliagram for bending mor.nel]t and normal tltrust at that point
alcl again cleternrine the bcnding rnoment ancl normal thrust at D b1' using the ild. II 5l

20 KN,/m 50 KN

I
I f)
I
l0m
A +_ B

5. a) Determine the deflection at mid span of a sirnply supported beam subjected to

uniforrnly distributed load w KNAn on the rvholg span by moment area.: ,
t71

w KN/m

L, EI

b) Determine the verlical deflection and rotation at free end C of the overhanging beam
ABC loaded as shown in f-igure bclorl, b.v using conjugate beam method. t8l

1O KN
5 KN/m B
A C

6. A cabie is suspended and loaded as shown in tigure. Calculate: I l0]

a) Length of cable
b) I-lorizontal component of tension in cable
c) Magnitude and position cf maximum tension occuring in cable

20 KN/m

8m
2m

* *:t
 I)3 TRIBHUVAN UNWERSITY Exam. Nerv Back (2i
INSTI-IUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Contrsl Division Frogramme BCE Pass Marks 32

2070 Magli Year / Part II/ir Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Theory of Structwe (CE551)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attemfi AA questions.
{ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Assume suitable data ifnecessary.

1. a) Explain with an example, how would you use method of superposition in deforming
deflections. Also, explain why it is necessary to determine deflections in the design of
a structure. 14+21

b) Find slopes at supports and deflection at E of the beam given in figure below. Use
co4jugate beam method for deflection and slope calculations. [0]
KN/m KN
A
E EI

20m ,
3m

2. a) Define virtual work method and real work method with neat sketches. What are
limiLations of real work method? t6l
b) Two plastics bars as shown in figure helow are to absorb the same amount of energy
delivered by the axial forces. Neglecting stress concentrations compare the sfiesses in
two bars. tl0I

0.5 L
T
L "rL
0.5

O1
J {_-

3. a) Use influence line diagram to determine most critical position of a stretch of unifonn
distribution load to give maximum bending moment at a given section of a simply
supported beam- Assume the length of the uniform distributed Ioad less than the span
of the beam.' t6I
b) Determine R6, Rs, S.F. at C and B.M at 'C' of the given structure as shown in figure
below using inlluence line diagram concept. ll0l

15 KN/m 1,5 KN

A C

4 t I q

..F
4. a) Determine B.M norrnal thrust, Radial shear at point D of circular arch as sho'*n in
figure below. Also draw bending moment diagram. u2)

20 KN/m 10
3m
D
m

4m 4m 8m-

b) Explain different types of arches used in various Civil Engineering structures. t4l
5. a) Explain with a simple example the steps involved in determining displacement of a
point in a structural system dpplyrng unit load method. t6l
b) A cable is hanging from two points A and B, 80 m aparThofimntally, left end A being
lower than the right end by 10 m. It supports a uniform load of 1.5 KN/m along the
horizontal span. Determine: [0]
D The position of the lowest point if it sag is 7.5 m
ii) Lenglh of the cable
iii) Horizontal tension and tension at the two ends.

t I * l
,i+
!
03 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam. lu r'

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

2070 Bhadra Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

of Structure (CE55I)
./ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attempt All questions.
,/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
,/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

l. a) Explain two basic approaches of struclpral analysis. AIso explain briefly thp"non-linearitf ln
structural analysis. [3+3]
b), A three-hinged symmetrical circular arch is of 12 m span and 4 m rise. Draw influence line
v diagram for bending moment,'radial shear and normal thrust in the
fom the left.support. Use the diagrams to {eternline thesg internal
the left half of the span is loaded with a uniformly distributed load
a vertical concentrated load of magnitude 40 kN at a distance of 3 m from the tr0l
2. a) Wrjie down the formula for determination of total strain energy due tg'ixial
moment, shear force and torsion in a structural system. Derii,e.the,expression for enerry due
to shear force in an element of a structural system. '
. :. t6I
b) Using conjugate beam method, calculate slopes at the suppotr and at the points beneath the
r/ )
loads for the given simply supported beani and also ealculate the:deflections of the points
beneath the loads. Take EI :3.36 x l0rtk}.lmm2. [10]

KN t6a kN

rm

3. }/State qnd prove mornent',4pa.{heorems for {etermiping deflections at any point of a beam. t6I
b) Calculate the displacemenls in two. orthogonal direitions and also the slope at the free end sf
. the given frame dqg to the temperature effect as shown. Take EI to be constant for the frame. [0]
4. a) Explain with necessary sketches the.steps involved in determining bending moment, radial
sllear and normal thrust in a three hinged arch by graphical method. t6I
b)- pta*
7 influence line diagram for the members LC, LK and LD when the load moves in the
lo*", chord of the giveritruss as shown in figure. ' t10]

NML K

'].-...,-
-T 8m
A -"t
BC F

6x6:36m --)

5. g Exnlain with neat sketches tower structures as well as wind cables and ties. t6l
p) Y." influence line diagrams to determine reactions at the supports, bending moments and
shear tbrces beneath the applied forces in the beam shown in Question No. 2(b). tl0I
 03 TRIBHUVANI.'NIVERSITY Exam. Nerr B & Later Ilatch
Level BE FullMarla 80
INSTMJTE OF ENGINEERING
BCE Pass Marks 32
Examination Control Division Programme
2S69 PoEsh Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subje*: - Thresry of structuresl (c8551)

/ Caadidates a.e requircd to give rleir ar^srners in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attenpt ary Att q*stiryls-
/ fnefg,,ses inie ftwgitt iniicae Futt Marli:r.
/ Asstne suitable ,I*a ifwcess*y-

1. ai Differentiae bet'rea Iineer and non-linear behavior of structures and explain their
uses in theory cf gnrctures. 16l

b) A cabie is sryportea d two points 20 m apart at the same level. It is used to support
three equidisant loads, first load is 40 }}tr, second is 30kN and third is 20 kN. The
central dip of the cable is 0.96 m. find the length of the cable required and its
sectiooal area if the safe tensile stress is 250 kN/mm2. AIso give the geometry (shape
and dip) of the cable when it is hangirig only with its weight (without the given loads). [0]
2. a) Define and explain stain energy. Use strain energy method to show the deflection due
to shear in m ordinary beam can be neglected in comparison to the deflection due to
bending. Assume ratio of Young's modules to modules of rigidity tobe2.l and shape
factorforshear 1.2. t8l
b) Deterrnine, using virtual rvork rnethod, ihe vertical deflection of joint Lz. The UA
values for diagonal and vertical members are 12 mm-r and for horizontal members are
6 mm-l. Take E :200*103 N/mm2 for all members. (i) Find vertical deflection due to
Ioads as shown in figure (ii) Find the additional deflection if the top boom is subjected
to a temperature rise of 20'C. Take the value of coeffic. of linear expansion
(a):10.8+lu4rc. 18]

\
l2m
\ / /
[.: Lr
IfiKH tokN
]L - 4@)l0m
r'l

3. A horizontal girder of steel having uniform section I m long is simply supported at its
end. it carries concentrated loads of 120 khl and KN two points 3 m and 4.5 m from
of ttre girder;tE;-lr.
mma and E = 2lA '.:; )
find magnitude and
iocation [16]
4- A three hinged symmetrical parabolic arch has a span of 18 m and rise of 3 m. It caries a
concentrated load of 80 kN at 4.5 m from the right spppcrt and a distributed load of 5
kN/ra over half portion. Determine the moment, tiuust and rudryYshear at each 3 m -
interval and draw their diagrams on horizontal 'X' axis tar tttyd6. ,_) il6l
 \

5. a) For *re overhang beam determine the maximum positive and negatire bending
mat ad shear force at D due to the three concentated loads as shown in figure
*tis& Enor.€s in eitirer directions.
t8l
2ekN i 31hN
i?r i3+kN
',3m L 3m
-L

I
CA D B

2m 3m 5 r.n 2m

bi A s-spe,rsion cable is strs-nended from two pien 200 m apart,left support being 5 m
abcve tiie etk. The cable carries a uniformly distributed load of 15 kNlm in plan and
has its lowest poiff l0 m belo*'the lower support. The ends of the cables are afiached
tc' sadriles ca Rlll€rs on top of piex and the backstays which may be assumed straight
arc inciined at 60" to the verticai. Determine: (i) The length of cable (ii) Maximum
tensicn in cable and (iii) Maximum thrust and moment on pier. t8l
t**
 I

l
03 TRIBHWAI{UNTVERSITY. Exam. I{csular'(2066 & Litter Bltch)
INSTTTUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FuIl Marks 80
Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass llfiarks 32
2069 Bhadra Year / Part [/II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Theory of Structures I (cEssl)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt All questions.
/ The Jigures in the margin indicate Fall Marles.
' r''"" -1y' Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Define shain energy and complementary strain energy. Also derive relationship of
stain energy due to bending. t6I
b) ofjoint H. All the top chord members are zubjected
Determine the vertical deflection
totemperature rise of 20"C dnd all vertical members are l0mm too long.
Take a=l2xl}4l"C, E=200KN/mm'. Cross sectional area of each member is
1500mm2 t10l

H
,t. .
t_r{: :
'- i:- . 3m
iJ :

2, a) Describe the stnrctures based on material used and methods oftheir analysis. 141
b) A suspension bddge of l20m span has two tlree hinged stiffening girder supported by
two cables having a central djn of 12m. The road way has a width of 6m. The dead
Ioad on the bridge is SKN/rr- while the live load is 10KN/m' which act on the left
halfof span. Determine the shear force and bending moment in the girder at 30m from
left end. Also find ma:<imum tension in tlre cable for this position of live load. 1121
3. a) Explain difference between moment area method and co4iugate behm method with
suitable examples. l4l
b) Using coqiugate beam method, find slope and deflection at point (C) of following
loaded beam: uzl
c I
A B
 i
I
t

'''t

4. A tlue€ hinged parabolic arch has a span of l60m and a rise of 25m. A uniformly
disributed load of intensity 30KN/m .of lengttr 60m rolls.over the arc.h from left to the
right Using the influence line diagrarn, find the maximum bending moment at a section I

50m from the right support. Also find normal thrust and radial shear at the section
corresponding to the maximun bending moment. t16I -1

5. a) What is inflrrence line diagram? E:rplain its uses and advantages in Civil Enqinee,ring
1

field. 12+21
''1
b) Using influence line diagrarn, obtain member force in AB, CD, EJ and FH for the !
I

following loaded pin-jointed tnrss as shown in figure below. tl2l

G -"1

''1
H I

6@3nr:l8m
I

***
-'1
I

I
-1

.!
I

-t t
l

I
I
 -_-*-- I
03 TRIBHWAI\II.'NTVERSITY Eram. llcgullr'(2066 & Latcr llttch)
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FullMarks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass l[arlrs 32

2069 Bhadra Year/Part il/II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Theory of Structuresl (C8551)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt Allquestions.
r' Thefrggres in the margin indicate FullWarks.
y' Assume suitable data if necessory.

1. $ Define stain energy and complementary stain energy. Also derive relationship of
stain energy due to bending. t6l
b) ofjoint H. All the top chord members are zubjected
Determine the vertical deflection
to rise of 20"C dnd all vertical members are 10mm too long.
temperature
Take a=12x109oc, E=200KN/mm1. Cross sectional area of each member is
1500mm2. t10l

.I
H
lL r::r...
:r",:f{:
':- 3m

2, Descrtbe the stuctues based on material used and methods of their analysis.
3) 141

b) A suspension bridge of l20m span has tivo three hinged stiffening girder zupported by
two cables having a central dfn of l2m. The road way has a width of 6m. The dead
load on the bridge is 5KN/m2 while the live load is 10KN/m2 which act on the Ieft
half of span. Detennine the shear force and bending moment in the girder at 30m from
left end. Also find maximum tension in the cable for this position of live load. uzl
difference between moment area method and conjugate behm method with
suitable example$. t4I
b) Using conjugate beam method, furd slope and deflection at point (C) of following
loaded beam: F2I
I
I
C

A B

I
 I

4. A thee hinged parabolic arch has a span of l60rn and a rise of 25m- A uniformly
distibuted load of intensity 30KN/m of length 60m'rolls over the arch from left to the
right. Using the iafluence line dialpm, find the ma:<imum bending moment at a section
50m from the rigbt support. Also'find normal thnrst and radial shear at the section
correryondingto themaximurn bendingmomenl ' t16l
5. a) Wllrrtis influence line diagram? Explain its uses and advantages in Civil Enqineering
i,-/ field. l2+2)
b) Using influence line diagram, obtain member forcd in AB, CD, EJ and FH for the
following loaded pin-jointed tuss as shoum in figure below. uzl
FG

K Ha

6@3m=18m
t(-
***

"(
 I
. 03 TRIBHWANTJNIVERSITY Exam. Resular
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FullMarks 80
-
Examination Control Division Pr<igramme BCE Pass Marks 32
[., ' 2068 Bhadra Year./ Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

-l
.

of Skucture
/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as. fer as praoticable.
/ Attemptt any Fivequestions. " '

'/ Thefigtres in the margin indtcate Futl'Marks.

/ Assume suitabtlb data if necessary. .

I 1. a) 'Determine the vertical deflection of joint E of the truss due to (i) loading shown
(ii) members CE and DE being 8mm too long and (iii) temperature of member CD
- alone is decreased by 15'C. Given: Cross-sectional area of all members = 1000mm2,
I young' modulus : 2 x10sN/mm2, and coefficient of thermal expansion : 12 x 10-6/qC. [12]
C D

I lOOKN

2m

I b) Explain the use of computer based methods in stuctural analysis. t4l

2. a) For a beam having a rectangular cross-section and subjected to lateral loads, derive an
expression for the strain energy due to shear defoimatioa only. t8l
b) The bottom of the beam shown below is subjected to a temperafi:re of 200'C, while
I
the tempemture of its top' is 50oC. If the copfficienl of linear expinsion
s, = 12 x 101oC, determine the vertical displacerrent, of its free end B due to
I

I
!
i
tempsratre gradient. The bearn has'a rectatgular uoss-seCtion witb a depth of 30cm. l8I
:

30cm
J.
3. a) Explain moment area theorem.with suitable_example. : t4l
b) Using conjugate beam rnethod, calculate slope and deflection at point C, free end of
the beam, loaded as shown below, EI is constant. lt2l
1

A, C

-l
LI

-l
 I
L I
I
i,l
,"1
I, I
!
j
I
!

i
q-

i 4. a) Drarv the influence iines for bending mome4t and shear force at a seetion 10m from
the left support of a simply supported beam of 25m span. . ' '- t8]
C
B

b) Draw influence line diagrams for the forcesjn-members AB, BC and BG of the truss.
The load moves in the lower chord of th66ss, .
t8l
C
I

ts 5m

I
10m
! E
F G H
I
I

4
@l5m:.60m
5. A three hinged circular arch has a span of 120m and a rise of 15m. Two point loads of
I
8 KIiI and 12KN, spaced 10m apart, ro11 over the arch fror.left to right with 8KN load
leading. Using the influence line diagra:n, find the ma<imum bending mome,nts at a
section 30m from the left support.'Also find normal thnrst and.radial shear at"the same
section corresponding to the maximum bending morhent. [16]
I

6. A suspension bridge, 400m span, has two three-hinged stiffening girders supported by
twb cables with a central dip of 30m. The dead load of the bridge is 30 KN/m. run and in
I
I
addition, it supports three point loads of 30OKN each placed along the centre line of the
roadway and dividing the span in four equal parts. Calbulate the maximum tension and
minimum tension with their locations ih the cable and the length of the cable [16]
I
I
I

t
I

i
I I
I
I
U t

I
I

I
I
 ' . 'd-a

I
. 03 TRIBHWANTJMVERSITY Exam. Regular
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FuIl Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

l. ' 2}6SBhadra : Year./ Part IIiII Time 3 hrs.

of Strxcture
I
/ Candidates are required to give their answers in theirown words 4s. far as practicable.
r' Attempt any Five questions.
I
/ Assqme suitablb data if necessary. .

I i. a)'Determine the.vertical deflection of joint E of the truss due to (i) loading shown
(ii) members CE and EE being 8mm too long and (iii) temperature of member CD
- alone is decreased by 15eC. Given: Cross-sectional area of all members : 1000mrn2, :

I young' modulus:2 xl0sN/mm2, and coeflicient of thermal expansion = 12 x 1O6/cC. UZ)

C

B
:
I IOOKN

2m

I b) Explain the use of computer based methods in structural analysis.

2. a) For a beam having a rectangular cross-section and subjected to lateral loads, derive an ,

expressio4 for the strain energy due to shear defoimatign onff. t8l
I
b) The bottom of the beam shown below is subjected to a temperature of 200"C, while
'l
the ternperature of its top' is 50oC. If the copfficient of linear expingion
d. = 12 x 101oC, determine the vertical displacement, of its free end B due to
I

I I
I
I
ternperature gradient. The beam has'a rectairgular cross-s'e'Ction with a depth of 30cm.
I r9l

I 3Ocm
J.
I a
3 a) E}plainmomentareatheorem.withsuitable-example.....,
b) Using conjugate beam method, calculate ,iop, *O deflection at poiht C, free end of
the beam, loaded as shown below, EI is constant.

1 OKN

+ 5KI{
A,
i

I I

"l
r- ::

I
 --1

f. I
t,".
t. ' . ,
I
:

t.
-j
I
a_.:

4. a) Drau, the influence iines for bending mor4e4t and sfrear force at a section 10m-ftom
the Ieft support of a simply srrpported beamof 25m span. .. ' ' ;'

C
B

b) Draw influence line diagrams for the fo*gin*nembers AB, BC and BG of the truss.
The load moves in the lbwer chord.of the truss. ._ . l8l

5J I

1
'{ I

F G H
-
. 4 @ 15m:.60m I

5. A ttree hinged circular arch has a span of 1.20m and a rise of 15m. Two point loads of
8 KN and 12KN, spaced 10m apart, roll over the arch from left to right with 8KN load I

!
leading. Using the influence line diag4m, find the,ma:rimum bending moments at a
section 30m from the left support Also find normal thrust and radial shear at'the same
section corresponding to the maximum bending moment. r16l
6;. A suspension bridSe, 400rir span, has two three-hinged stiffening grders supported by
twb cables with a central dip of 30m. Th; dead load of tn" triage is 30 KN/m. run and ih
addition, it supports three point loads of 3OOKN each placed hlong the centre line.of the
roadway and dividing the span in four equal parts. Calbulate'the maximum tension and
minimum tension with their locations ih the cable and the length of the cable. [16]
,I !f {.

I
l.

i
1
I

-]

,l

.I
: sf"

A1 TFJ'HLi\.\N LT.IIVERSITY Exam.

ISSTiT UTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FuiI illarks SO

Ex andn ation C ontrol Division Programme BCE Pass Ularks 32

' 2A55 Kartik Year / Pai:t iiiii Time i 3 trs

of Slracfure I
,/ Candidates are required to give their anstvers in their ori,n
"/ '-:-:iempt any Five questions.
'/ Thefigtres in the margin indicate FuIl Marks.
y' .lssum€ sr.dtable data if necessary.

1. a) Enrurciate the two theorems from the moment area of

displacements ofbeam and explain it with'a sirnple t6l
b) A three-hinged symmekical ciicular arch is'of 12m span and 4m rise. Drarv influence
line diagram for bending moment, radial shear and normal thnrst in the section at
distance of 3m from thJ left support. Use the d.iagrams to determine these intemai.
foices in the section when the left haif of the span is loaded with a uniform distributed
load of inteirsity 20 lNm-l ard a vertical concentrated load'of magnitude 40 kr\ at a
distance of3m frOm ttre right support. [10]'
2. a) Write down the formula'for determination of toial stain energy due to a:<ial force,
bending nioment, shear force and torsion in a structural systeri. Derive the expression
for energy due to shear force in an element of a skuctural systerl t6l
'o) Using conjugate beam method, calculate slopes at the supports and at the points
beneath the loads for the given simply supported beam and also calculate the
deflections of the points beneath the loads. Take EI:3.36x1011 ltlmm2. [10]

2.40 xN 160KN

6.5 M

3. a) Explain r*'ith neeessary sketches the steps involved in determining bending moment,
. radial shear and normal thrust in a tluee hinged arch by graphical method. t6l
'o) Calculate the displacements-in hvo orthogonal'directions and also the siope at the free
end of the given frame due to the temperature effect as shown. Take EI to be constant
for the frame. , . [10]
.-30 {
I 2

,V
t0,c
J

:ll
0
I0y

il

-]
Ii
 I
I

4. a) Use influence line diagram .to determine most critical position of a stretch of
unif6nnly distributed load to give maximum bending moment at a.given section of a
simply supported beap. Assume the length.of the u:riformly distribiited ibad less than
the span of the bea.m. l5l
b) Use stain energy method for the given frame to calculate the vertical displacement of
,t
the point with load 500 kl.I: The &anie is made of ,steel rod O100mm. Take I

' E:2x10\i/mmz.' ''. [10]

0 3m

bar ot00 lm
-'l
3 I
2m
500 hY
-
5. a) Determite the gpometry of the shape and calculate the length required for a high i

tension line between any two tgwers. Take thp sparl between'the two towers and the
weiSht pel unit length of the cable to be { and l respectively. t6l
.b) Use.influincb tine diagrams to detertaine reactions at the supports, bending moments
and shear forces beneath the applied forcis in the beam shown in Question No. 2(b). [10]
.i!
6.4 Explain with a simple exarnple the stepi involved in determining rhe displagement of t

-
I

a pofot in a structural system appl).rng unit load method. 16]

b) A symmetical suspension bridge with a three hinged stiffe,ring gfuder of span 120m'
and having a cenhal dip of 12m is loaded with two point loads of mapitude 24C ls\
and 300lrN at a distance 25m and 80m respectively from the left end. Draw bending
nioment diagram for the girder and also caicutate bending moments at the distances
25rn, 40m and 80m from the left support [10] i

' ,1.**

,t
I
I

I
I

r!
I

I
i

I
I :
 01 TRJBHWANTJNTVERSITY Exam. IIEIIIIIEI?IJ}ITII
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING , Level BE FullMerks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

2065 Chaitra Year / Part u/tr Iffi]t! 3 hrs.

Subject: - Theory of Stnrcnres I

:
/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt any Five questions.
'/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
./ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Determine the vertical deflection of point fig-l t8l

E:200 KN/mmz I:30 x 106 mnna

B
i c
& 2T
Fig-1

3m

b,; Calculate the vertical deflection of free endD of the beam loaded as shown in fig.2 by
using virtual work method. Take EI as constant through out. t8l

iCKN
C
A
B
Fig-2
,2m'2m,2mr
t

2. a) Determine the slope at A and B and deflection at D of the beam loaded as shown in
fig-3 using moment area method. Take EI as constant. t8l

l*_--9* , lOKN
A B
DC Fig-3

b) Determine the rotation at A and detlection at C in the overhanging beam shown in

irg--l by using conjugate beam method. t8l
60KN/m B
A C
2T I Fig-4
6m 2m

3. a) Find the ma:<imum bending moment at C for the beam and loading as shown in fig-5. t8l
50kn 70kn 80kn 60kn
Fig.5
-.+
2m 3m
C

1'..a'']l',:.ll:!ur:1'.nq4-:
 b) Draw influence line diagram for bending moment at F (5m right of A) and for the l'
stress in the support BD of the structure shown in fig-6. t8l
20m

Fig-6 I

4. a) Draw influence line diagram and calculate the bending moment at mid span C for the
beam shown in fig-7. t8l
i

W / Krv'm
A B I

LC Fig-7 I

l-
b) Draw influence line diagram for members U3L3 and L3L4 of the tnrss shown in fig-8. 18] .4

U:U Uo

Fig-8
Lr T- ,i-
L2 L: L,i Lo
' 6 A,, 1m-- 24m
I
5. A ttree hinged parabolic arch as shor*n in fig-9 i:r loaoed with udi I KNrm on the ieft 8m i
. length. Calculate
t1-41
L I o.l.

a) Direction and magnitude of reaction ar supporrs.

b) The bending moment. normalthrust and radial shear at 4m from ieft end.
c) Draw bending moment ciiagqam shorving ma>cimum positive and negative vaiues
I

2 KI{/m
Fig-9

4m -
I

A B
20m
1

6. a) A suspension cable of span L has its ends at the height hr and h: above the lou'esr
poinr of cable. It carries a uniformll. distribured load of w per r:nit nur of the span.
WL:
Shou'that the horizontal reaction at each end is given bl' H - t8l
2(jhr = rih2 )-
b) A cable is suetched over a gap of 300m and carries uniforrril' dimibured ioaci of
300 kgim horizontally. If the central dip is 1.5m. Calculate the maximr:m tension in
the cable. Also find the length of cable. t8l
***
-
I