ijrt.20

International Journal
of
Railway Technology
Editor:
J. Pombo
Volume 1 - Issue 1
2012
Special Issue:
Railways 2012: The First International Conference
on Railway Technology:
Research, Development and Maintenance
The International Journal of Railway Technology (IJRT) is an international journal
dedicated to research, development and application in the scope of railway systems.
The aim of the Journal is to provide an international platform for researchers and ex-
perts to promote, disseminate and discuss the recent developments and advances in
the field of railway technology. Furthermore, this publication aims to encourage inter-
action and collaboration between universities, research centers, railway operators and
industry in order to identify problems, propose solutions and indicate directions for
future research. The Journal publishes original papers that cover, but are not limited
to, the following topics:
• Rolling Stock: Design, manufacture and maintenance; Modelling and simula-

tion; High speed trains, light railways and freight capacity; Performance and op-
timisation; Aerodynamics and crosswind; Noise, vibration and comfort; Safety,
security and reliability; Ergonomics and interior design.
• Infrastructure: Bridges, tunnels and transition zones; Track design, construc-
tion and maintenance; Interaction of vehicles with the infrastructure and the
environment; Foundations; Track monitoring; Trackbeds: sleepers and ties;
Geotechnical aspects: earthworks, embankments, stabilisation; Technologies
for track defects detection.
• Energy and Environment: Re-use of kinetic energy; Energy sources and smart
grids; Hybrid traction and power trains; Sustainable rail transport.
• Signalling and Communication: ERTMS - European Rail Traffic Manage-
ment System; ITS - Information and Technology Systems.
• Operations Traffic management; Interoperability; Intermodal solutions.
• Strategies and Economics: Standards and regulations; Capacity and cost; Track
access charges; Future trends in railway engineering.
c Saxe-Coburg Publications, Stirlingshire, Scotland
published 2012 by
Saxe-Coburg Publications
Dun Eaglais, Station Brae, Kippen
Stirlingshire, FK8 3DY, United Kingdom
Saxe-Coburg Publications is an imprint of Civil-Comp Ltd
ISSN 2049-5358
Volume 1 - Issue 1, 2012
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Publisher’s production and editorial team: Jelle Muylle, Jane Tabor, Rosemary Brodie
Cover design: Erzsébet Győri
Printed in Great Britain by Bell & Bain Ltd, Glasgow
Contents
Editorial iii
Next Generation Unconventional Trucks and Wheel-Rail Interfaces for 1-26

Railways
Y. Suda, Y. Michitsuji and H. Sugiyama
The Dynamics of High-Speed Railway Bridges: A Review of Design

Issues and New Research for Lateral Dynamics 27-55
J.M. Goicolea and P. Antolin
Active Control in Railway Vehicles 57-85

R.M. Goodall, S. Bruni and A. Facchinetti
Dynamic Effects Induced by High Speed Traffic on Rail Bridges 87-104

R. Delgado and R. Calçada
Breaking the Ground Speed Barriers for Ultra-Speed Trains:

Rayleigh Ground Wave Modelling and Mitigation 105-119
P.K. Woodward, A. El-Kacimi, O. Laghrouche and G. Medero
Damage to Railway Wheels and Rails: A Review of the Causes,

Prediction Methods, Reduction and Allocation of Costs 121-146
S.D. Iwnicki and A.J. Bevan
The Dynamics of Foundations for High Speed Lines on Soft Soils 147-166
P. Hölscher
Tribology of the Wheel-Rail Contact: The Effect of Third Body Materials 167-194
R. Lewis, R.S. Dwyer-Joyce, S.R. Lewis, C. Hardwick and
E.A. Gallardo-Hernandez
Track Stabilisation with Geosynthetics and Geodrains, and Performance 195-219

Verification through Field Monitoring and Numerical Modelling
B. Indraratna, S. Nimbalkar and C. Rujikiatkamjorn
i
Application of Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation Geometry to
Railroad Vehicle System Dynamics 221-230
A.A. Shabana
Wayside Train Monitoring Systems: A State-of-the-Art and Running 231-247

Safety Implications
A. Bracciali
Recent Developments in Pantograph-Catenary Interaction Modelling and 249-278

Analysis
J. Ambrósio, J. Pombo, M. Pereira, P. Antunes and A. Mósca
ii
Editorial
Railways have always played a significant role in the development of the wealth cre-
ation capabilities of society. The early roman wagonways, the steam driven railways
during the industrial revolution and the electric railways of the late nineteenth and
twentieth centuries are just a few of the railway systems that have played a vital role in
past infrastructure development. The search for fast, reliable and cost effective means
of transport which presents better energy efficiency and less impact on the environ-
ment has resulted in renewed interest and rapid development in railway technology.
This volume launches the “International Journal of Railway Technology” (IJRT) which
is dedicated to research, development and application in the scope of railway systems.
The aim of the Journal is to provide an international platform for researchers and ex-
perts to promote, disseminate and discuss the recent developments and advances in
the field of railway technology. Furthermore, this publication aims to encourage in-
teraction and collaboration between universities, research centers, railway operators
and industry in order to identify problems, propose solutions and indicate directions
of future research.
The IJRT is published by Saxe-Coburg Publications in print and digital versions with
four issues per annum. The Journal publishes original papers that cover, but are not
limited to, the following topics: rolling stock; infrastructure; energy and environment;
signalling and communication; operations; strategies and economics.
This first issue of the IJRT comprises the twelve invited lectures presented at “Rail-
ways 2012: The First International Conference on Railway Technology: Research,
Development and Maintenance” held in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, 18-20
April 2012. The invited lectures provide a state-of-the-art review of a particular re-
search area or summarise a body of significant research or knowledge.
Other contributed papers presented at the Railways 2012 conference were published in
“Proceedings of the First International Conference on Railway Technology: Research,
Development and Maintenance” edited by J. Pombo and published by Civil-Comp
Press.
I would like to thank the members of the Editorial Board of the Railways 2012 con-
ference: Prof. J.E. Abdalla Filho, Brazil; Prof. J.A.C. Ambrósio, Portugal; Prof.
iii
L. Baeza, Spain; Prof. A. Bracciali, Italy; Prof. S. Bruni, Italy; Dr D.L. Cadet,
France; Prof. R. Calçada, Portugal; Dr R.L. Chen, China; Dr S. Churba, UK; Prof.
K. Dang Van, France; Prof. G. Degrande, Belgium; Prof. R. Delgado, Portugal; Prof.
Z. Dimitrovová, Portugal; Dr D.J. Edwards, UK; Prof. J.L. Escalona, Spain; Prof.
E. Esmailzadeh, Canada; Dr A. Facchinetti, Italy; Prof. P. Fisette, Belgium; Dr E.
Fortunato, Portugal; Dr P. Galvı́n, Spain; Dr A. Gastañares, Spain; Prof. J. Gerlici,
Slovakia; Prof. J.M. Goicolea, Spain; Prof. A. Gomes Correia, Portugal; Dr M. Hart-
nett, Ireland; Dr P. Hölscher, Netherlands; Dr L. Hornicek, Czech Republic; Prof. B.
Indraratna, Australia; Prof. S. Iwnicki, UK; Dr J. Jaiswal, UK; Dipl.-Ing. I. Kaiser,
Germany; Dr E. Kassa, UK; Dr P. Koziol, Poland; Dr N. Kuka, France; Dr R. Lewis,
UK; Dr Q.S. Li, Hong Kong; Dr Z. Li, Netherlands; Prof. J. Máca, Czech Repub-
lic; Dr M. Malvezzi, Italy; Dr V. Markine, Netherlands; Dr M.D. Martı́nez-Rodrigo,
Spain; Prof. M. Matos Neves, Portugal; Dr T. Mazilu, Romania; Prof. A. Metrikine,
Netherlands; Prof. P. Museros Romero, Spain; Dr J. Náprstek, Czech Republic; Dr
M. Novales, Spain; Prof. U. Olofsson, Sweden; Prof. J.C.F. Pereira, Portugal; Prof.
M.S. Pereira, Portugal; Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Proppe, Germany; Dr F.G. Rauter, Portu-
gal; Dr A. Rindi, Italy; Mr A. Robinet, France; Dr A. Roda Buch, Spain; Prof. M.
Rosário Macário, Portugal; Dr J. Santamaria, Spain; Prof. A.A. Shabana, USA; Prof.
G. Shen, China; Dr M.J.M.M. Steenbergen, Netherlands; Dr B. Suarez, Spain; Prof.
Y. Suda, Japan; Prof. H. Sugiyama, Japan; Prof. P.F. Teixeira, Portugal; Prof. Y.
Terumichi, Japan; Dr N. Thom, UK; Prof. B.H.V. Topping, UK; Dr J. Tunna, USA;
Dr S. Urushadze, Czech Republic; Dr J. Vinolas, Spain; Dr P.K. Woodward, UK; Dr
V. Yazykov, Russia; Dr D. Younesian, Iran; Dr K.E. Zaazaa, USA; Prof. K. Zboinski,
Poland; and Prof. W.M. Zhai, China.
Finally, I would particularly like to thank Professor Barry Topping for his support and
experience, Jelle Muylle for his organisational and design skills and Dawn Sewell for
her administrative support.
Dr J. Pombo
IDMEC-IST, Lisbon, Portugal
iv

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International Journal

• Rolling Stock: Design, manufacture and maintenance; Modelling and simula-

c Saxe-Coburg Publications, Stirlingshire, Scotland

Saxe-Coburg Publications is an imprint of Civil-Comp Ltd

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Next Generation Unconventional Trucks and Wheel-Rail Interfaces for 1-26

The Dynamics of High-Speed Railway Bridges: A Review of Design

Active Control in Railway Vehicles 57-85

Dynamic Effects Induced by High Speed Traffic on Rail Bridges 87-104

Breaking the Ground Speed Barriers for Ultra-Speed Trains:

Damage to Railway Wheels and Rails: A Review of the Causes,

Track Stabilisation with Geosynthetics and Geodrains, and Performance 195-219

Wayside Train Monitoring Systems: A State-of-the-Art and Running 231-247

Recent Developments in Pantograph-Catenary Interaction Modelling and 249-278

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