M104R-Sec 13-6-PartB (1)

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2021-2022 Spring Term

MATH 104R Calculus for Engineering II Recitation


Textbook: Thomas’ Calculus, Early Transcendentals, 14th edition, 2019

EXERCISES
Section 13.6 Tangent Planes and Differentials

page 1, MATH 104R Spring 2022


Summary
Tangent plane
An equation for the tangent plane to the
surface f (x, y , z) = c at P0 (x0 , y0 , z0 ) is

fx (P0 )(x − x0 ) + fy (P0 )(y − y0 ) + fz (P0 )(z − z0 ) = 0

Normal line
Parametric equations of the line normal to the
surface f (x, y , z) = c at P0 (x0 , y0 , z0 ) are

x = x0 +fx (P0 )t, y = y0 +fy (P0 )t, z = z0 +fz (P0 )t

The gradient of f (x, y , z) = c at P0 (x0 , y0 , z0 ) is the vector ∇f = fx (P0 )i + fy (P0 )j + fz (P0 )k

page 2, MATH 104R Spring 2022


Exercise 13. Find an equation for the plane that is tangent to the surface

z= y − x at the point (1, 2, 1).


The gradient of f (x, y , z) = z − y − x = 0 is the vector

∂f ∂f ∂f 1 1
∇f = i+ j+ k = (y − x)−1/2 i − (y − x)−1/2 j + k
∂x ∂y ∂z 2 2

The gradient of f (x, y , z) at (1, 2, 1) is the constant vector

1 1
∇f = i− j+k
(1,2,1) 2 2

The tangent plane is the plane through (1, 2, 1) perpendicular to ∇f at


(1, 2, 1).

The tangent plane is therefore the plane


1 1
( )(x − 1) + (− )(y − 2) + (1)(z − 1) = 0 ⇒ x − y + 2z = 1
2 2

page 3, MATH 104R Spring 2022

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