Mothbean

MOTHBEAN
Botanical Name - Vigna acontifolia

Origin - India
Synoym - Moth
Introduction
Mothbean (Vigna acontifolia) is a native crop of hot and dry
habitats of northern and western parts of India. These very
adjusting abilities have rendered this crop as an indispensable
component of cropping system prevailing in arid regions. This crop is used as a source of
food, feed, fodder, green manuring and green pasture. Green pods are delicious source of
vegetables. Being a pulse, it is a cheap source of vegetable protein for balancing
nutritional deficiency.
Crop Status
A total of 9.26 lakh hectares and 2.77 lakh tonnes of Moth production was recorded in the
country during the twelfth plan (2012-15) period. Area and production of moth bean has
been highest in Rajasthan (96.75% and 94.49%) followed by Gujarat (2.38% and 3.6%).
However, yield of Rajasthan (292 kg/ha) was below the National average yield of (299
kg/ha).
Climate
It can tolerate high temperature without any adverse effect on flowering and fruit
development. Optimum temperature requirement for growth and development is 25-37ºc.
Bulk of the cultivation is, confined to dry-lands of arid zone with 250-500 mm rainfall
requirement with arrangement of proper drainage.
Varieties
Other than the following specific varieties may be selected from table given below
a) Normal maturity group (> 90 days) Moth Guj. 1 (MG-1), Jadra (IPCMO 943), Jwala
(IPCMO-926) , IPCMO 880 (26% Protein)
b) Medium maturity group (70-90 days) with uniform rainfall throughout season (i)
IPCMO 912 (ii) CZM 1 (both 75-80 days duration) c) Early maturity group 60-65
days, higher yield, escape terminal drought especially suitable for late season, drought
areas, resistant to YMV.
c) State –wise recommended varieties

State Varieties
Rajasthan RMO-257, RMO 435, RMO 2004 (RMB 25), RMO 225,
RMO 40, FMM -96, Moth 880, Jwala] CAZRI Moth-2
(CZM 45), CAZRI Moth-3 (CZM 99), TMV(Mb-1)
Gujarat GMO 1, GMO 2, Maru Bahar (RMO 435)
Maharashtra CAZRI Moth-2 (CZM 45), CAZRI Moth-3 (CZM 99),
Maru Bahar (RMO 435)
Haryana CAZRI Moth-2 (CZM 45), CAZRI Moth-3 (CZM 99)
Source: Seednet GOI, Min. of Agri. & FW, & ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur
Yield Gap
It is observed that in general average yield gap between FLD and Local yield is about 25-
45% gap, need to be improved yield level through adopt the improved package of practice
as recommended by research organization and Local KVK etc.
Field Preparation
In a good rainfall year, one ploughing with mouldboard plough and a cross harrowing
serve the purpose in arid conditions of western Rajasthan. Other alternative is Sweep
Cultivation with a ferti seed drill (developed at CAZRI) that can also be used for inter
cultivation in wide spaced crop.
Sowing Time
With the onset of monsoon. Generally start with first soaking rain to second rain after
onset of monsoon. Optimum sowing time 2nd to 3rd week of July. Delay in sowing may
result in poor growth, poor germination, increased seedling mortality and incidence of pest
and diseases and more conspicuously moisture stress at the flowering, the most critical
stage.
Seed Rate & Spacing

10-15 kg/ha (short statured, spreading to erect RMO-40 type) for grain and 4-5 kg for
mixed crop. For fodder purpose 20-25 kg/ha seed required. Spacing should be maintained
as 30-45 cm x 10-20 cm.
Seed Treatment
Seed treatment with 2 g thiram + 1 g Carbendazim / kg of seed. After fungicide treatment
seed inocultion with Rhizobium and PSB culture @ 5-7 g /kg of seed.
Irrigation
It is cultivated in dry land and rainfed condition but in long dry spell one irrigation should
be given at pod formation stage.
Cropping system
 Generally grown as single (mono) crop in a year mixed or as a sole crop. However, in
a year of good rainfall, it can be rotated with mustard.
 Mixed cropping with pearl millet, cluster bean, cowpea, mung & sesame in risk prone
areas during monsoon. Varieties recommended are RMO 40 & FMM 96 of mothbean
and HHB 67 of Bajra.
 Inter cropping (2:1) - 2/3 rows of mothbean in between two rows of pearl millet.
Plant nutrient management

Besides their N-fixing capacity they have greater power for absorbing less soluble form of
'P'. Recommendation is 20-25 tonnes FYM for improving physical condition and
improving water holding capacity of soil along with 10 kg N + 40 kg P 2O5/ha as basal at
the time of sowing or last preparation.
Weed management
Application of Pendimethalin 30 % EC @ 0.75 -1 kg a.i. / ha as pre emergence and one
hand weeding at 25-30 days after sowing.
Plant Protection Measures

Pest and diseases in mothbean and their management
S. N. Common Name Active Period Incidence Control Measures
Sucking Pest
i. Jassids II week of August Regular i. Early sowing of crop
to harvest ii. Inter-croping with Pearl Millet
ii. White fly II week of August Regular (1:4).
to harvest iii. Spray of Dimethoate 30 EC @
iii. Thrips II week of August Regular 1.7 ml/ liter or Thiomethoxam 25
to harvest WG @ 0.2 g/liter or Imidacloprid
iv. Aphid & mite II week of Aug. to Sporodic 17.8 SL @ 0.2 ml /liter of water
I week of Sept. minor pest
Soil/Foliage Pest
v. White grub II week of August Sporodic i. Undecomposed FYM or
to harvest minor pest composed should not be used
vi Termite Entire cropping Sporodic ii. Soil application of Phorate 10 G
Season minor pest @ 10 kg/ha or Chloropyriphos
1.5 % dust @ 20-25 kg/ha before
sowing
Storage Pest
viii Pulse beetle During storage Regular i. Carry Seed moisture level below
. calosobruchus 10% before storing.
chinensis ii. Fumigation-Mixing/Smearing
with neam leaves /cake & edible
oils.
YMV= Yellow Moasaic Virus
Name of Disease/ Disease Symptoms Control Measures

Causal Organism
Bacterial leaf spot/ Many small, large and irregular i. Soak the seeds in 500 ppm(0.5
blight brown necrotic spots appear on g/ liter) Streptocycline solution
leaves and In the extreme cases, leaf for 30 min. before sowing
may fall down followed by two sprays of
Streptocycline (0.01%)combind
with 3 g of Copper Oxychloride
per litre at an interval of 12 days
is recommended.
Yellow mosaic Diseased plant leaves are yellow and i. For controlling white fly spray
virus small in size. of Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1.7
ml/liter or Imidacloprid 17.8
SL @ 0.2 ml / liter of water
and repeat the spray after 15
days interval.
Anthracnose Circular, black sunken spots with i. Seed treatment with Thiram 3
(Collectotrichum dark centres and bright red or orange m/kg of seed.
spp.) margins on leaves and pods. In ii. Spraying the crop with
severe infection affected parts wither Mancozeb 75 WP @ 2.5 g/litre
off. of water.
Harvesting , threshing & Storage
Crop is ready to harvest when pods get mature and turn brown. Plant show drying
symptom or yellowing of leaves. Estimated Post harvest losses are 9-10% during threshing
transportation, processing and storage. Sun drying, heat treatment, and storage at low
temperature with low moisture percentage in seeds (8-9%), is recommended.
Yield
With adoption of improved technology 6-8 quintal grain yield and if it is cultivated for
fodder 12- 25 q/ha green fodder yield (depend on variety) can be achieved.
Recommendation to achieved higher production

i) Deep summer ploughing once in 3 years.
ii) Seed treatment should be done before sowing.
iii) Application of fertilizer should be based on soil test value.
iv) Weed control should be done at right time.
v) Adopt integrated approach for plant protection.
 For technical information of crop production please contact to district KVK/ nearest KVK.
 To avail benefit from Centrally and State Government running schemes for crop production
(ploughing, fertilizers, micronutrient, pesticide, irrigation equipment), agricultural implements,
storage infrastructure etc., please contact to your DDA/SADO office.
For more information also visit

- M- kisan portal - http://mkisan.gov.in
- Farmers portal - http://farmer.gov.in
- Kisan Call Centre (KCC)-Toll Free No.-1800-180-1551
-
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MOTHBEAN

Botanical Name - Vigna acontifolia

c) State –wise recommended varieties

Seed Rate & Spacing

Plant nutrient management

Plant Protection Measures

Name of Disease/ Disease Symptoms Control Measures

Recommendation to achieved higher production

For more information also visit

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