Micro Motion

Undisputed Leader in
Coriolis Technology

Sambit Das
Business Manager – Asia Pacific
Marquee & Key Accounts
AGENDA
z Why Mass Flow ?
z Coriolis Benefits
z Principle of Operation
z Sensors & Transmitters Overview
z Liquid Custody Transfer
z Applications
Emerson Process
Management
Why mass flow?
Why use a Coriolis Meter?
Why measure Mass Flow?
Eliminate impact of changing fluid properties
Volume: 154.8 liters Volume: 159.0 liters Volume: 0.40 m3 Volume: 0.42 m3
Mass: 155 kg Mass: 155 kg Mass: 3.665 g Mass: 3.665 g

P= 152 KPa P = 138 KPa

15.6° C

-6.7° C

Impact of Changing Process Temperature Impact of Changing Process Pressure

The mass of fluid (155kg) is The mass of fluid (3.665g) is

constant while the volume changes constant while the volume
2.7% (42.0 vs. 40.9 gallons) due to changes 5% (0.40 vs. 0.42 m3)
changing temperature due to changing pressure
Why measure Mass Flow?
Eliminate impact of flow velocity profile
z Pipe fittings, reducers, expanders,
strainers, elbows, and valves all affect the
flow profile
z All velocity based flowmeters require a
specific length of straight piping between
disturbances and the flow meter to assure a
uniform flow velocity profile at the meter
z Mass flow is independent of flow velocity
profile, eliminating any need for straight
pipe runs

Reynolds Number Asymmetrical Profile Swirl Pulsating Flow

Actual velocity
Why measure Mass Flow?
Eliminate moving parts that wear and drift with time
Turbine Meter z Turbine meter blades and bearings wear
over time introducing measurement drift
and eventually need for recalibration and
maintenance
z PD meter bearings and gear teeth wear over
time introducing measurement drift and
eventually need for recalibration and
maintenance
z Coriolis meters have no moving parts to
wear or drift. A Coriolis meter has no time
dependent calibration drift
Positive Displacement Meter
Potential costs introduced when moving
parts fail
fail……
z A broken component flowing downstream introduced the
possibilities of damage to downstream equipment
• Broken pieces of Turbine damages downstream meters

Downstream

Control Valve

• Jammed gear of PD damages upstream equipments and pipeline

(increase pressure)

No Flow

Upstream
Pump
Why Use a Coriolis Mass Flow Meter ?
Mass Flow is 9 Eliminate the capital cost
unaffected by changing of additional equipment to
fluid properties compensate for changing
pressure & temperature

Mass Flow is 9 Eliminate the installation

unaffected by fluid’s cost of straight pipe run
velocity flow profile
9 Eliminate the risk of
measurement error from
A Coriolis meter does
uncertain flow profile
not have any moving
parts that will wear or 9 Eliminate the life cycle
drift with time cost of recalibrations and
maintenance
Traditional Crude Oil Metering

Traditional crude oil measurement is based on the use of

mechanical meters for flow measurement and hand-sampling
for determination of oil gravity.
Changing Technology
Know the alternative
Positive Displacement meters are
the traditional method of
measurement for crude oil in the
upstream custody transfer market

PD meters have hundreds of moving

parts - gears, bearings, shafts,
and blades.
PD meters have wear points which
cause meter factor shift over time.
PD meters are expensive to
maintain.
Rate versus Purchase Price
100 BPH PD Meter 2” $5,744
Coriolis Meter 2" $10,043

600 BPH PD Meter 3" $ 8,536

Coriolis Meter 3" $11,442

857 BPH PD Meter 4" $ 9,579

Coriolis Meter 3" $11,442

1200 BPH PD Meter 6" $14,799

Coriolis Meter 3" $11,442

2285 BPH PD Meter 8" $31,695

Coriolis Meter 4" $22,008

2800 BPH PD Meter 10" $33,700

Coriolis Meter 4" $22,008
 PD Meter Repair Costs
z PD meter intermechanisms:
• 2” $2456
• 3” $4329
• 4” $5165
• 6” $8851
• 8” $15,193
• 10” $25,402
Note: Cost is less if you don’t buy the entire
mechanism and simply replace the bearings
and/or blades.
Coriolis Value Proposition
New LACT Unit
Cost of Ownership Evaluation
Enter data in blue Calculated values in red

Initial Repair Overhauls Initial Years of Total

Flow Rate Size Cost Costs /year Savings Operation Cost Difference
100 BPH PD Meter 2" $5,940 $2,456 1 $0 4 $15,764
Coriolis Meter 2" $10,043 $0 0 $1,500 4 $8,543 $7,221

600 BPH PD Meter 3" $8,626 $4,329 1 $0 4 $25,942

Coriolis Meter 3" $10,043 $0 0 $1,500 4 $8,543 $17,399

857 BPH PD Meter 4" $9,820 $5,165 1 $0 4 $30,480

Coriolis Meter 3" $10,043 $0 0 $1,500 4 $8,543 $21,937

1200 BPH PD Meter 6" $15,108 $8,851 1 $0 4 $50,512

Coriolis Meter 3" $11,442 $0 0 $1,500 4 $9,942 $40,570

2285 BPH PD Meter 8" $24,190 $15,193 1 $0 4 $84,962

Benefits of Coriolis over PD
z The Coriolis meter
– Does not have moving parts
– Does not wear out
– Does not have slippage
– Is not damaged by air
– Does not have replacement parts

z The Coriolis meter offers equal to or greater accuracy

than a PD with better sustained accuracy.
Theory of Operation
Micro Motion Coriolis Meters
First, a little history…
Gaspar Gustav de’Coriolis
Theory of Coriolis Mass Flow Meter
Power and Signal
Connection
Drive between sensor
Coil and transmitter

Pick-Off
Coils

Resistance
Thermal
Device (RTD) Transmitter processes
and conditions signals
Flow Tube from pick-off coils.

Process
Connection
Theory of Coriolis Mass Flow Meter
9In a dual-tube meter, a manifold that
connects the two tubes splits the flow
in two and direct it through each of
the two tubes. In this way, 100% of
the flow goes through the sensor
9The two flow tubes are driven
vibration by a drive coil, thus rotate
around the two fixed end points. Once
there is mass flow through the tube,
there is a Coriolis effect as shown in
the picture.
Micro Motion Meter Design
At each side of the flow tube, there are
magnet/coil pickoff, called inlet pickoff
and outlet pickoff. Because of
vibration, the coil moves into the
magnetic field and generates a sine
wave that is proportional to that
motion. Because the coils and magnets
are reference to each other, the sine
wave represents the relative velocity
and position of the tubes. By
detecting the sine signal from the two
pickoff, we can determine the status
of the flow tube.
Mass Flow Measurement
No Flow

Time
mV

Low Flow

Time
mV

High Flow

Time
mV

Under no-flow conditions, the two sine waves on the inlet and outlet are in phase.
But under flow conditions, the tubes twist, and the two sine waves shift apart. The
larger the mass, the more shift. The shift difference ΔT is proportional to the mass
flow, and is used as calibration factor of mass flow. I.E., how much grams per
second flowed at each ΔT
Density Measurement

Low Density

Time
mV

High Density

Time
mV

As per the theory of spring and mass system, the frequency of vibration is
proportional to the mass. So it is with the flow tube vibration. The higher the
combined density (flow tube and inside fluid), the lower vibration. By detecting the
frequency of already known fluid, we can determine the liner relationship between the
frequency and density for any fluids.
 Coriolis Technology
Multi-Variable Measurement
Mass (Liquid Only)
Flow
Volume
(Liquid & Gas) Flow

Density Percent
solids by
volume
Specific
Gravity Net Solids
Percent
solids by
Temperature mass
Temperature
Mass
Flow
Custody Transfer
Custody transfer is an agreement between two parties.
Custody Transfer
WEIGHTS & MEASURES APPROVALS
z USA z Australia z Thailand z Finland
z Netherlands z New Zealand z France z Belgium

z Germany z Turkey z Canada z Bulgaria

z Mexico z Spain z Russia z Switzerland

z Malaysia z India z Indonesia

z Poland z Austria z Canada

z API Standard passed July 1, 2002

– Crude oil & hydrocarbon products
– Includes covers “dense phase fluids”
• LPG, LNG, NGL, and ethylene
z Chapter 20.1, Allocation Measurement (1993)
z AGA 11 Dec. 2003
z ISO 9001: Audit of compliance
z ISO 17025: Assessment of competence = ±0.012%
Micro Motion Coriolis Custody Transfer
Approvals
• Germany • Thailand
• Malaysia • Croatia
• Indonesia • Argentina
• Switzerland • Mexico
• U.S. • India
• Holland • Canada
• S. Africa • Venezuela
• Russia • Belgium
• Canada • Singapore
American Petroleum Institute
z API standards describe methods to achieve
custody transfer levels of accuracy with a
particular flow meter or other measurement
device.
z API standards provide guidelines and do not
endorse or advocate the preferential use of any
flow meter.
 Coriolis Standard from API
API Chapter 5.6 contains:

•System Description
•Safety
•Operations Performance
•Proving – Mass and Volume
•Auditing and Reporting
•Principle of Operation
•Factory Calibration
•Proving Forms
•Calculations
Turbine Meter
Characteristics
•Good for clean fluids
• Specified accuracy +/-0.15%
on liquid and 1% on gas
• Turndown ration 10:1

Limitations
• Mechanical wear
• Sensitive to viscosity
• Sensitive to flow profile
• Can damage by external
particles / entrained air
• Good with lubricious fluids
only ( not recommended for
LPG/Propane/Butane)
Turbine Meter Viscosity Effects
Positive Displacement Meter

PD meters have hundreds of moving

parts - gears, bearings, shafts,
and blades.
PD meters have wear points which
cause meter factor shift over time.
PD meters are expensive to
maintain.
 Meter Factor Shift – PD Meter /
Turbine Meter
Coriolis vs PD Meter Factor Long Term Stability
1.0060
1.0050
1.0040
PD MF
Meter Factor

1.0030
1.0020 Coriolis MF
1.0010
1.0000
0.9990
0.9980
0.9970
1/20/00

2/3/00

2/17/00

3/2/00

3/16/00

3/30/00

4/13/00

4/27/00

5/11/00
Period
Coriolis

Turbine
Advantages of Micro Motion vs.
Conventional Measurement Technology

Flowmeter Flow Low Viscosity Pressure Continuous

Type Conditioning Accuracy Maintenance Diagnostics Independent Drop Density

Turbine

Positive
Displacement

Micro -Motion

Ultrasonic

Differential
Pressure

Vortex

Good Marginal Poor

 Multi-variable
Multi-variable
z Direct Mass-
– Accuracy not degraded by changing fluid conditions
– Water calibration transfer to all liquids, gases and cryogenic fluids
– Mass information is available i.e. loading, mass balance. Leak detection
z Density – precision full stream or (slip stream) density
– Micro Motion can measure oil gravity on-line
− Density is measured at no additional cost.
− Lower equipment cost - single instrument
− Lower installed cost - no slipstream
− Higher accuracy
− No errors due to ability to read hydrometer accurately or to gather a representative sample
− Measure both flowing density and relative density – corrected and observed gravity.
– Calculation for net volume
– Control
z Temperature
– +/- 1.0 0Celcus
– Heat Jackets
Accuracy
MMI accuracy statement includes the errors associated
with the fluid characteristics listed below
– Secondary effects
• Viscosity
1.0135

• Density
1.0085

Meter Factor
• Temperature
1.0035
• Pressure
0.9985
• Flow profile
0.9935
• Pulsation flow Time

• Flow profile PD MF Coriolis MF

– In general the accuracy of Traditional technologies is negatively

impacted by some or all of the all fluid characteristics above
 Communications & Diagnostics
Mine the data via digital signals - Almost all digital busses are available
– ModBus
– Hart
z Traditional I/O
z Alarming capability
z Configurable display
Micro Motion has a host of diagnostic capabilities to determine meter
health as well as to identify and notify of abnormal process situations.
z Meter health- Recently released onboard diagnostics allow the determination of the
structure integrity the sensor, flow calibration changes and the health of the electronics
and signal processing.
– This diagnostic can be used to plan proactive maintenance to eliminate calibrations and improve
process uptime
z Two phase flow detection- Micro Motion meters can detect and alarm if there is any
presence of free gas. The “drive gain” (energy used to vibrate the tubes) can be
configured in conjunction with the density to alarm if gas is detected in the flow stream.
z Configuration- Micro Motion offers software such as Prolink and AMS to facilitate the
configuration, archiving, trending, and audit trail of data.
 Enron Redfield Iowa
Meter Data - 9 years...
DS150S Compressed Air Test, 250 psia, 70°F
S/N 138085, Installed 1991
Natural Gas Cavern Storage (bi-directional use)

3
Wet, H2S, and Iron Sulfide Gas

2 “There was no other gas metering technology in the world that

1
could have maintained this degree of accuracy over >100
9 years
Injection andof
Withdrawal Wells
service in an H2S and iron sulfide measurement application.”
error, %

-1

Future of the previous

-2 Orifice Meters

-3
0 50 100 150 200 250
lbs/min

spec spec Air cal (May 2000) Water cal (May 2000) Water cal (Sept 1991)
Coriolis Meters for Custody Transfer
ƒ Coriolis meters when utilized for
ƒ Coriolis meters when utilized for mass measurement offer the
volume measurement have
significant advantages over same advantages.
other volumetric flow meters. ƒ Density, though not needed
ƒ No moving parts provides for flow calculations, can be
long-term sustained
accuracy used to monitor product
ƒ No special piping quality.
requirements lowers ƒ The alternative for metering
installed cost in mass is to use both a
ƒ Accurate on-line density volume meter and a
measurement is available
from the Coriolis meter. densitometer or hydrometer.
Density is needed for the ƒ Additional error and cost
calculation of volume at
base conditions. with two instruments.
ƒ Multiple outputs and
versatile electronics
provide real time
information for diagnostics
and pipeline operation
Coriolis Meters for Custody Transfer
ƒ Where fluids are dirty or viscous ƒ Where space is limited
ƒ No moving parts greatly reduces ƒ No additional straight pipe or
maintenance costs flow straighteners are
ƒ Air or sand will not damage the required
meter
ƒ Where flow rates vary significantly ƒ Where bi-directional
ƒ Cost savings for applications that measurement is required
may require multiple meters
ƒ Higher turndown than most meter
ƒ No costly piping required to
technologies flow forward and reverse.
ƒ Where a gravitometer is required in ƒ Where mass
addition to a flow meter
measurement/balance is required
ƒ Continuous density measurement
can monitor fluid quality and does ƒ Most accurate meter for
not add to the cost of flow
measurement metering in mass
ƒ alarms are available to advise of
density changes
ƒ Leak detection
Major Users of Coriolis – Custody
Transfer Application

More than 250,000 world and Asian industry leaders

are using Coriolis for custody transfer applications
Crude Oil Custody Transfer to
Refinery in Texas
Replacing Sliding Vane type PD
meters

Customer – Large production company, California, USA

Application – Pipeline custody transfer of Crude Oil
Fluid – Crude Oil of varying gravity (13, 20 and 25degAPI)
Applications Where Coriolis Excel

Meter mounted on LPG Delivery Tanker

Truck Loading – LPG
Ship Loading/unloading
Shell, Malaysia Jetty loading
3 DS600. White products
Lukoil Terminal

Oil movement terminal at Baltic Sea

Application – Loading & Unloading
Product – Crude Oil, Fuel Oil, Diesel
Flow rate – 6000 T/hr
9 skids for different products
Batumi Oil Terminal - Georgia

•Product: Crude Oil

•Application: Ship Loading.
•Maximum Flow Rate: 7000m3/hr
•Pressure: 10 bar-g
•Process Temperature 80°C
•(insulated)Ambient Temperature: -9
to +40°C
Pipeline Transfer

Pipeline transfer of
crude oil at INA
Rijeka Croatia

Transfer from
pipeline to storage
tanks

Engineered system
by F-R Systems in
Europe
Meters Feeding the Multi-Product Pipeline at
YPF
Multi-product Pipeline Measurement
Multi-product
and Interface Detection

Gasoline 97 Octane

Gasoline 90 Octane

Kerosene

18 Km Pipeline Gasoil

Slops

Flow Color Flow

Density Density

•Multi-product storage and distribution depot

•Interface between products sharing a common
pipeline
Coriolis Solution – Station I/O

Coriolis Skid
Multi Stream Metering Improves
Overall Uncertainty
8 0.05 0.028 0.057
0.1 Sistemantc Uncertainty (%)
0.09 Random Uncertainty (%)
0.08 Overall Uncertainty (%)
0.07
0.06
0.05
%

0.04 U= u
0.03 n
0.02

n # of streams

Multiple flow measurement can result in a significant randomization effect and Overall
Uncertainty Improvement. Uncertainty parallel meters is better than uncertainty of one
meter. The maximum improvement, in case of no correlation between the meters,
corresponds to 1/sqrt(n)

Probably the best reference is in the Institute of Petroleum, Petroleum Measurement Manual, Part XVII,
Guide to Hydrocarbon Loss Accounting and Control in Petroleum Refinery Operations, page 4.
Natural Gas Billing “Check”
Plant energy balance shows lower use
than utility company billing
• 8% discrepancy with turbine
• 7% after new turbine
installed T comp circuit

“Pay” meter “Check” meter

To Process
Plant
Utility natural 2”Coriolis meter - furnaces
gas turbine meter - boilers
Natural Gas Allocation metering

Allocation metering
Kaolin Clay producer
7 Unit Ops allocation
meters
• up to 200% reallocated
• correctly measured
costs, efficiency
Total ~ Utility billing
Terminal Loading Systems

Net Mass Loading (LPG)

Bill of Lading
Batch Printer
Transmitter
Se que ntia l
Micro Manage ment
System

Motion
Controller GALLONS
Volume Corrected
to 60F

Gas return flow

Sensor Transmitter
Micro
Motion

Liquid phase flow

Control Valve
Top or Bottom
Loading
Sensor
Terminal Loading Systems
Mass Loading (Gasoline)

Automation Bill of Lading &

Computer Datalog Printers
Additive Seque ntia l
Mana ge ment

Injection
Syste m

GALLONS
Volume Corrected
to 60F

Transmitter
Ratio
1 Controller

Control Valve

Sensor
Additive Transmitter
Injection
2

Control Valve
Top or Bottom
Sensor Loading
Tank Cars and Truck Filling
Applications
Situation
z Tank cars often shipped 15% empty
z Expensive (>$1/pound), highly volatile
product
z Railcar weights determined with plant
weigh scales
Solution
z Railcars always filled to capacity
z Eliminated need for weigh scales
z Reduced transit time by 2 days
– System safety improved Railcar
z System paid for itself -- one full tank Tank Car
car!
Product Loading
Loading-- Tank Trucks
Micro Motion
General
Sensor Specifications
Product Data Sheet
““Specification
Specification Summary
Summary””
Most Versatile Product Line

Scalable Transmitter Architecture

Flow Accuracy
0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%,
0.20%, 0.50% ®

Scalable HART
COMMUNICATION

Scalable FOUNDATION

Performance PlantWeb
Functionality
Density Accuracy
0.0002, 0.0005,
0.001, 0.002 g/cc

Scalable Process Solutions

 Emerson Process Flow Products

Precision Measurement
ELITE… No equal - The World’s BEST Coriolis meter

The Best
Multivariable
F-Series… Best-in-class precision Coriolis
in Mass
Flow
T-series… The BEST Single-Straight tube

H-Series… Hygienic meter for EHEDG and 3A

applications

R--Series
R Series……RELIABLE,
RELIABLE, simple
simple flowmeter
flowmeter
The Most
8800 Vortex… RELIABLE, Reducer, “No seals just
General Flow

Reliable
Flow Only

steel.”

8700 Series Mag meter… The RELIABLE mag

flowmeter
8721 Series Hygienic Mag meter… The RELIABLE
sanitary mag
 The original Multivariable Sensors
Micro Motion ELITE® meters
• 0.10% of rate flow accuracy on liquids
• Optional 0.05% flow accuracy on liquids
• 0.35% of rate flow accuracy on gases
• ±0.0005g/cc liquid density accuracy
• Optional ±0.0002g/cc liquid density accuracy
• ASME B31.3 Secondary Containment Standard on all line sizes
• 1/16” to 10 “ nominal line size

Micro Motion F-Series meters

• 0.2% of rate flow accuracy on liquids
• Optional 0.1% & 0.15% flow accuracy on liquids
• 0.5% of rate flow accuracy on gases
• ± 0.002g/cc liquid density accuracy
• ¼ to 3 inch nominal line size
• Well suited for COMPACT installations!

Micro Motion R-Series meters

•0.50% of rate flow accuracy on liquids
• 0.75% of flow accuracy on gases
• ¼ to 2 inch nominal lines sizes
• 316L stainless steel wetted parts
• 1450 psi maximum static line pressure
E Series Sensor ….
Sensor….
Best Meter for Precision
Multi-variable Most Accurate Flow Meter
Mass Flow, Volumetric Flow, Flat Spec Accuracy: Liquid + 0.05% of rate
Density, Temperature, % Solid, Gas + 0.35% of rate
Concentration Density 0.0002 g/cc
Performance Right out of the box performance
Custody Transfer & AGA Approvals
Measurement Canada Approved for High Temperature Range
Liquid and Natural Gas Custody Transfer -240 to 427 deg C
Applications CMFxxE & xxC available to 427 deg C

316SS, Hastelloy C, or 304SS Tubing Highest Turndown Coriolis

No gaskets or leakage points Technology
100 bar for SS tubing 500:1 plus
148 bar for Hastelloy C tubing Flat Spec Accuracy
413 bar available with CMF010P Performance
200 bar for CMF400P
Available from 1/8 to four inch Sensor Size Built-in Core Processor
Seven Sizes to Choice From Standard Four Wire Beldon Cable
CMF010, CMF025, CMF050, CMF100, Direct Mount Capability with Modbus
CM200, CMF300, and CMF400 Protocol

Secondary Containment Made of 316SS

26 to 96 bar
Specialty Sensors
High Temperature Sensors
High Pressure Sensors
High Capacity Sensors
CNG Sensor
Model DL
Tefzel Lined Sensors
Micro Motion
Transmitter Overview
Current Micro Motion Transmitter
Product Offering
3700 3500-MVD 3700-MVD
3500
Field

Multi-variable
9739 Rack 2700 Rack Field
9739 Rack 2700 Remote
Field Integral
Direct 2500
Connect Remote
9w
Remote

Standard High Performance

9701 1700
only
Flow-

Remote 1700 Remote

9701 Integral
1500
Integral
Remote 9w
Remote
MVD Transmitter
MVD stands for Multi-Variable Digital Technology
emphasizing that we are going from analog to digital
signal processing of the raw Coriolis front-end signals.
We Have Made the Sensor Smart!
• Sensor mounted enhanced signal processor
• Compact / smart
• Connection to remote mounted transmitter
through a standard 4-wire cable

Core processor
Digital Signal Processing
Drive Left
Analog, limited sampling
Right

ÌT

DSP, higher resolution

Results:
iLess noisy signal
iFaster response Faster sampling
Less Filtering -- Faster Response
Mass Flow (lb/min)
Analog Filtered Analog DSP

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
0 50 100 150 200 250
Time (sec.)
 MVD vs. Analog Signal Processing
Benefits for Gas Applications
1 .0

0 8
.
MVD Transmitter

0 6
.
.35% Accuracy at 50:1 turndown

0 4
.

0 2
.

0 0
.

-0 2
.

-0 4
.

-0 6
.

Competitive Analog Transmitter

-0 8
.

.83% Accuracy at same flow rate

-1 .0

0 % 1 0 % 2 0 % 3 0 % 4 0 % 5 0 % 6 0 % 7 0 % 8 0 % 9 0 % 1 0 0 %

% o f N o m i n a l F l o w

CMF100 vs. Promass F25