PAST FORM

Prepared to fulfill the assignment of the English course

Lecturer: Efrini Panjaitan, S.Pd.I M.Hum

Prepared by:
Group 3/IK-3

HADDAD ALWI SITUMORANG (0701242075)

KHAIRUN IRWA (0701243165)
NUR SAWIYAH GAJAH (0701243168)
MUHAMMAD IHSAN ( 0701241022)

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEGREE PROGRAM

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
NORTH SUMATRA STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
2024

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 PREFACE

Alhamdulillahirabbilalamin, Praise be to Allah SWT. who has bestowed His

grace and guidance so that we can compile an English course paper entitled “Past
Form” with the lecturer Mrs. Efrini Panjaitan, S.Pd.I M.Hum. We would also like
to thank all those who have contributed to the preparation of this paper. Of course,
it will not be able to be maximized if it does not get support from various parties.
As compilers, we realize that there are still shortcomings, both from the
preparation and grammar of delivery in this paper. Therefore, we humbly accept
suggestions and criticisms from readers so that we can improve this paper. We hope
that the paper we have compiled will provide benefits and inspiration for readers.

Medan, 28 November 2024

Author

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE....................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... iii
CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1
A. Background of the problem ............................................................................... 1
B. Problem formulation........................................................................................... 1
C. Purpose ................................................................................................................ 1
CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................... 2
DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................. 2
A. Simple Past Tense ............................................................................................... 2
B. The formula for making past tense sentences ................................................... 2
C. Adverb of time used in simple past tense .......................................................... 2
D. Past Continues Tense .......................................................................................... 3
F. Past Future Tense ................................................................................................. 4
G. Passive voice (past) ............................................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................................... 6
CLOSING....................................................................................................................... 6
A. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 6
LITERATURE ................................................................................................................ 7

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 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the problem

English grammar contains various rules regarding verb tense changes, one
of which is the use of the past form. The past tense is used to express events or
actions that have happened at a certain time in the past. A good understanding of
the past tense is very important in learning English, especially for learners who are
new to the language, because mistakes in the use of the past tense can lead to unclear
communication.
In English, verbs are divided into two main types: regular verbs and irregular verbs.
Regular verbs usually form the past tense by adding an "-ed" ending to the base
form ("work" becomes "worked"), while irregular verbs have a change of form that
does not follow a fixed pattern ("go" becomes "went").In addition, the past form is
also used in various tenses and sentence constructs such as past simple, past
continuous, and present perfect, each of which has its own rules and uses.
B. Problem formulation
1. What is the meaning of past tense?
2. What is the formula for making past tense sentences?
3. What are some examples of time adverbs commonly used in the
Simple Past Tense?

C. Purpose
1. To find out what is meant by past tense
2. To know the formula and how to make past tense sentences
3. To know some examples of time adverbs commonly used in the Simple Past
Tense

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 CHAPTER 2
DISCUSSION
A. Simple Past Tense
The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite, is used to talk about a
completed action in a time before now. The simple past is the basic form of past
tense in English. The time of the action can be in the recent past or the distant past
and action duration is not important. The simple past tense is used to show events
that happened in the past and have no connection to the present. Simple past tense
usually uses verb2.
B. The formula for making past tense sentences
Use of verb 2 in sentences:
a. In positive sentences, it is enough to use verb 2 without any additions.
Formula: Subject + Verb two + Object.
b. In negative and interrogative sentences, the auxiliary verb used is "did" whether
the subject is in the third person or not.
Formula: Subject + did not + Base Form of Verb + Object.
c. As with do and does, if did is inserted into the sentence, verb two becomes verb
one.
d. did not is shortened to "didn't".
C. Adverb of time used in simple past tense
Advervb of Time (masa lampau) Arti
Just now Tadi
Last night Tadi malam
Yesterday Kemarin
A few… ago (a few miinutes/ days/ Beberapa… yang lalu (beberapa
months ago) menit/ hari/ bukan yang lalu)
… ago (two days/ three weeeks … yang lalu (dua hari/tiga minggu
ago) lalu)
Last … (last week/ month/ year) … yang lalu (minggu/ bulan/ tahun
lalu)
This morning Tadi pagi
This afternoon Tadi siang/ sore

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D. Past Continues Tense
Past continuos tense or past progressive tense used to express:
1) Events that took place at a certain time in the past.
The specific time is usually expressed as a clock (what time the
event took place).
General pattern: s+ to be ( was/were) + ving.
Example:
- i was watcing TV
- ⁠my doughter was watcing TV at eight o’clok last night
Adverb of time:
- at + (jam) + last night/two days ago/ yesterday morning
Ex: at eight o’clok last night, at 10 this morning etc.
2) Activities that are taking place during the light period when another event
occurs/lights up.
pattern: When + simple past + , + past continuous or Past continuous +
when + simple past.
NOTE: Interrupting events/activities are stated in the past tense and
function as time information. If placed at the beginning of a sentence, insert
a comma before the main clause.
Ex: When i came home, my daughter was watching TV.
3) Two events that occurred simultaneously in the past. In this function we use
a temporary conjunction.
Ex: While i was typing this note, my family was watching TV
in the family room.
E. Past Perfect Tense
Past perfect tense is used for states events that occurred before other
activities occurred in the past, using conjunctions “before” and “after”. The event
that happened first is stated in the past perfect tense while the event that follows is
stated in the simple past tense. The past perfect tense uses the auxiliary verb ‘had’.
Had does mean that it has been in a positive sentence but not in a negative sentence,
but more often than not it is not.
Ex: After I had sung I danced.

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Pattern using before:
1. Past perfect + before + simpel past tense
2. ⁠before + simple past tense, past perfect
Ex: She had read the entire book before she wrote the exam yesterday.
Pattern using after:
1. Simple past tense + after + past perfect
2. ⁠after + past perfect, simple past
Ex: Rudi Went to his girlfriend’s house after he had bought flowers.
NOTE:
- before is followed by a simple past tense clause while after is followed by a past
perfect tense clause.
-If before or after is placed at the beginning of a sentence a comma must be inserted
before the next clause/sentence.
F. Past Future Tense
Past future tense is expresses an event or action that will happen in the
future. These tenses are often used for planning, predicting, or expressing a wish.
Formula:
• Active voice : S + would/ should + V1 + O
• Passive voice: S + would/should + be + V3.
• Non-verbal sentence : S + would/should + be + non verb.
Notes:
Should for subject I and We. while would for all subjects.
Example: They would not need to lime the soil if it were not acidic.
Past future tense functions:
1. To create main clause conditionals type 2. this function will be discussed in
more depth in conditional sentence learning at the next level.
Ex: if i were you, i would study harder (Jika saya adalah kamu, saya akan
belajar lebih giat)
2. To express "would" in indirect speech.
Ex: they said they would come tonight.

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G. Passive voice (past)
Passive voice in the past tense is a sentence where the subject is subjected
to an action, as opposed to an active sentence where the subject performs the action.
In this form, the sentence structure is:
Formula:
Subject + was/were + Verb III (past participle)
Ex Active sentence: “The thief stole the car.”
Passive sentence: “The car was stolen by the thief.”
The use of “was” for singular subjects and “were” for plural subjects is important
in the formation of these passive sentences
1. The prefix “-di/-ter” in verbs is translated into English as “to be + verb”.
Ex: am asked, is brought, are taken, was called, were closed.
2. “By” is used for the person who does the work/activity. By can be
interpreted as “by” and sometimes not interpreted at all.
Ex: Maria is called by her father. (Maria is called (by) her father).
3. Also be careful with sentences that have a similar pattern to the example in
note number 2, but are not using by.
Ex: Maria is called a gossip queen.
Those who stage it are not “gossip queens” but people who are not
mentioned in sentence.So the gossip queen doesn’t need to use by.
4. Active voice can be transformed into Passive voice if the verb in the active
voice is a transitive verb. Because basically the object in the active voice is
used as the subject in the passive voice.
a. Active: My uncle fixed our broken chair.
Passive: Our broken chair was fixed by my uncle.
b. Active: My cat died yesterday.
Passive: NOTHING because it uses an intransitive verb.
5. Transitive verbs are verbs that require an object to receive the work.
Ex: to buy, to observe, to paint, to repair, dll
Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not require an object to do the work.
Contoh: to sleep, to go, to die, to lie, to sneeze, to sit, dll (Alex course,
2017).

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 CHAPTER 3
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
Past forms are verb forms used to express actions or events that have
happened in the past.In conclusion, past forms are used to talk about events or
actions that have happened in the past, and how they are used depends on the time
context and duration of the action.
In the past for some menus, it was usually in the past but it doesn't work
anymore now. Time information for Simple Past Tense which is: Yesterday
(yesterday), last night (last night), last week (last week), yesterday morning
(morning), an hour ago (an hour ago), two days ago (two days ago), and so on.

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 LITERATURE

Alex course. (2017). Handbook for student : Primary Class. Alex Essential
English Course.