c 18 Garments Dyeing Using Different Dyes

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Garments Dyeing Using Different Dyes :

Reactive dye : Reactive dye is only dye that reacts with the textile fibre & makes
covalent with fibre. Under the suitable condition it reacts with –OH or –NH2 fibre
& form covalent dye substrate linkage.
DYE-SO2-CH2-OSO3Na + HO-Cell —— D-SO2-CH2-CH2-O-Cell + NaHSO3
This is mostly used in garments dyeing. To produce light shade on garments , Dye
added to the solution first then salt is added but if dark shade needed then salt is
added first then dye added into the solution.If 5% or more dye is used into the
solution then caustic is added into the solution.
Process flow chart of reactive dyeing :

 Raw garments loading


 Water added ( M:L = 1:40 )
 Desizing ( detergent 1 g/L) 60oc , 10 min
 Rinse 1X
 Adding sequestering agent ( 1 g/L ) Room temp. , 5min
 Adding leveling agent ( 1 g/L ) Room temp. , 5min
 Adding globar salt ( 45 g/L ) Room temp. , 5min
 Adding Reactive dye
 ( reactoband orange .60% , Reactoband black 8% ) 60oc , 5 min
 Adding soda ash ( 20 g/L ) 60oc ,10 min
 Adding caustic soda ( .5 g/L ) 60oc , 50 min
 Rinse 1X
 Neutralization ( Citric Acid 1 g/L )
 Rinse 1X
 Adding Fixing agent ( 5 g/L )
 Drain
 Acid Enzyme wash
 ( Ph 4.5 , acetic acid .5 g/L , 45oc, 15 min )
 Rinse 2x
 Softening ( 10 g/L ) 10 min
 Hydroextraction
 Drying
Direct dye : Direct dye is mosly used because it reacts directly with the fibre and it
can be done on both hot and cool process. Washfastness of those color is less that
why is done when washing is done after dyeing.

 Process flow chart of direct dyeing :


 Raw garments loading
 Water added ( M:L = 1:40 )
 Desizing ( detergent 1 g/L) 60oc , 10 min
 Rinse 1X
 Acid Enzyme wash
 ( Ph 4.5 , acetic acid .5 g/L , 45oc, 15 min )
 Rinse 2X
 Adding Direct dye ,60oc , 5 min
 Adding Globar salt ( 10 g/L ) 60oc ,10 min
 Rinse 2X
 Adding Fixing agent ( 5 g/L )
 Drain
 Softening ( 10 g/L ) 5 min
 Hydro-extraction
 Drying
Sulphar Dye : Sulpher dyes are complex heterocyclic molecules or mixtures
formed by melting or boiling organic compounds containing amino or nitro
groups with Na-polysulphide and Sulpher. Sulpher dyes are so called as they
all contain Sulpher linkage within their molecules. Sulpher dyes are highly
coloured, water insoluble compounds and have to be converted in to water
soluble substantive forms (lucoforms) before application to the textile
materials.
Process flow chart of Sulphar dyeing :

 Raw garments loading


 Water added ( M:L = 1:40 )
 Desizing ( detergent 1 g/L) 60oc , 10 min
 Rinse 2X
 Adding Na-sulphide ,1000c. , 10 min
 Adding globar salt ( 45 g/L ) 20 min
 Adding Sulphar black , 100oc , 10 min
 Rinse 2X
 Adding Fixing agent ( H2O2 + Acetic acid 1g/L )
 Rinse 2x
 Softening ( 10 g/L ) 50oc , 5 min
 Hydro extraction
 Drying
Dischargeable direct dye: This is a kind of direct dye which is easily
dischargable and it brings fashionable appearance. After dyeing various dry
process like whisker , hand crapping , pp spray and others can be applied. For
bringing seam abration , this type of dye is specially recommended. Color fastness
is average and also has more brighter shades and attraction than other direct dyes .

Process flow chart of Dischargable direct dyeing :


 Raw garments loading
 Water added ( M:L = 1:40 )
 Desizing ( detergent 1 g/L) 60oc , 10 min
 Rinse 1X
 Cationization
 ( caustic soda 2 g/L , 50oc, 10 min , ph 10-11 , catanizer 4% )
 Rinse 2X
 Adding leveling agent ( 1g/L , 5 mins , room temp )
 Adding Dischargable dye ,60oc , 5 min
 ( Asudel yellow GL .11% , Asudel red GNL .0153 %, Asudel Brown
AGL .162% )
 Adding Globar salt ( 10 g/L ) 60oc ,5 min
 Rinse 2X
 Acid Enzyme wash
 ( Ph 4.5 , acetic acid .5 g/L , 45oc, 15 min )
 Rinse 2x
 Softening ( 10 g/L ) 10 min
 Hydroextraction
 Drying

Pigment dye : Pigment dyeing is not dyeing in the real sense as the pigment sticks
on the fabric because of the binders. The pigments are insoluble in the water. It
create very bright shades on the garments .

Process flow chart of Pigment dyeing :

 Raw garments loading


 Water added ( M:L = 1:40 )
 Desizing ( detergent 1 g/L) 60oc , 10 min
 Rinse 1X
 Cationization
 ( caustic soda 2 g/L , 50oc, 10 min , ph = 8.5 , catanizer 4% – prefix k , 10 ,
min )
 Rinse 2X
 Adding Pigment dye ,65oc , 30 min
 ( orange 1% , Red 3% )
 Adding Binder ( 3 g/L ) 60oc ,5 min
 Rinse 1X
 Hydro extraction
 Drying

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