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    U1-L-7 Linear Dependance

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    Shriwayanta Maiti

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    U1-L-7 Linear Dependance

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    1 views6 pages

    U1-L-7 Linear Dependance

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    Shriwayanta Maiti

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    UNIT – 1 Linear Algebra

    LECTURE-7
    LINEAR INDEPENDANCE
    Test of Linear Dependency / Independency of vectors:
    Vectors (matrices) X 1 , X 2 , X 3 ,....., X n are said to be linearly dependent
    (1) All the vectors (row or column matrices) are of same order.
    (2) n scalars 1 , 2 , 3 ,....., n (not all zero) exist i.e at least one i  0
    such that X11  X 22  X 33  .....  X nn  0

    and linearly independent if X 11  X 22  X 33  .....  X nn  0 has trival

    solution i.e all i  0 are zero.


    s

    Example :
    Examine for the linear dependence [1,0,2,1], [3,1,2,1], [4,6,2,-4], [-6,0,-3.-4]
    and Find the relation between them if possible.
    Solution: Consider the matrix equation
    1 X 1  2 X 2  3 X 3  4 X 4  0
    1 (1,0, 2,1)  2 (3,1, 2,1)  3 (4,6, 2, 4)  4 (6,0, 3, 4)  0
    1  32  43  64  0
    01  2  63  04  0
    21  22  23  34  0
    1  2  43  44  0
    1 3 4 6   1  0 
     0 1 6 0    0 
      2   
     2 2 2 3  3  0 
        
     1 1 4  4  4  0 
    1 3 4 6   1  0 
    0 1 6 0  2  0 
           , R3  R3  2 R1 , R4  R4  R1
    0 4 6 9   3  0 
        
     0 2 8 2  4  0 
    1 3 46   1  0 
    0 1 6 0  2  0 
           , R3  R3  4 R2 , R4  R4  2 R2
    0 0 18 9   3  0 
        
    0 0 4 2  4  0 

    1 3 46   1  0 
    0 1 6 0  2  0  2
          , R4  R4  R3
    0 0 18 9   3  0  9
        
    0 0 0 0  4  0 

    1  32  43  64  0 , 2  63  0 , 183  94  0


    1  32  43  64  0 , 2  63  0 , 183  94  0

    Let 4  t
    t
    183  9t  0  3  ,
    2
    2  3t  0  2  3t ,
    1  9t  2t  6t  0  1  t
    Substituting the values of 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 in (I), we get
    t
    tX 1  3tX 2  X 3  tX 4  0
    2
     2 X1  6 X 2  X 3  2 X 4  0
    EXAMPLE 2: Show that (a) S={(1,2), (2,4)} ,
    (b) S={(1,0), (0,1), (-2,5)}
    (c) S={(0,0), (1,2)}
    are linearly dependent

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