International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)

E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

Effects of Specific Physical Fitness Regimen on

Selected Motor Fitness Parameters among Tribal
Girls in Andhra Pradesh
K. Obulesu1, Dr. K. Rama Subba Reddy2
1
Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Yogi Vemana University,
Kadapa, AP-516005, India.
2
Research Supervisor and Head, Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Yogi Vemana
University, Kadapa, AP-516005, India.

Abstract:
Present investigation focus on the impact of specific physical fitness regimens on selected motor fitness
parameters among tribal girls in Andhra Pradesh. Motor fitness is a crucial aspect of overall health and
well-being, especially for young individuals. By understanding how different fitness programs affect
motor skills, educators and policymakers can design targeted interventions to enhance physical fitness in
tribal communities. To meet the purpose of study the investigator has selected 50 subjects out of 125
admitted students in 10th and intermediate volunteered teenage girls, age is from 15 to 17 years, and
belongs to APTWRS, Nerawada, Panyam, Nandyal dist, the volunteered subjects were systematically
exposed to specific physical fitness program for four days per week at the rate of 60 minutes including
warm up & limbering down. The selected parameters are Speed, Explosive Power and Agility were
measured pre and after 12 weeks of planned training regimen. By 50mtr run, Standing broad jump, and
Semo agility respectively. T-test was applied in order to find out significant difference between and pre
and post test data after training period. The level of significance is fixed at 0.05 level of assurance. The
result of the study shows that the significance difference exists between pre and post measures of Speed,
Explosive Power and Agility. All the volunteered students enthusiastically participated in specially
designed training protocol, at the beginning they expressed discomfort, later it is subsided. Finally it
concludes that the Specific Physical Fitness training put a favourable impact on speed, Explosive power
and Agility.

Keywords: Physical Fitness, Motor Fitness, Tribal Girls, Training.

Introduction
Every child will undergo a tremendous change as a result of value based education to build with
potentialities in order to face the future challenges. Tribal girls in Andhra Pradesh face unique
challenges related to physical fitness. Factors such as lifestyle, access to resources, and cultural context
influence their overall health. This study aims to explore on the effects of specific fitness regimen on
motor fitness components, which includes speed, explosive power, and agility. Physical activity is
important for children of all ages who are growing quickly in weight, height and strength. By getting

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 1

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

active while they’re young, they’ll improve cardiovascular health, lower their stress, decrease their risk
of developing health issues, and create healthy habits that will stay with them throughout their lives
The concepts of physical fitness which might assist you to stay fit to exude confidence, optimism, and
self-efficacy; they have the energy reserves to do what needs to be done today and to plan for a better
tomorrow. The most effective and transformative goals are those designed to achieve the highest level of
personal wellness Zerihun Birhanu & Haileyesus Gedefaw (2019).
Children and youth participate in physical activities to develop and demonstrate physical competence,
attain social acceptance and approval, and experience joyful life. Satisfying these motives enhances
interest in sustaining physical activity, which contributes to improved motor skills, self-confidence,
social relationships, and other positive outcomes. It explores motor skill development and youth physical
activity through a social psychological and the benefits of integrating scientific knowledge from our
respective fields to inform research and professional practices. Motor development and sport psychology
researchers can collaborate to address critical issues related to motor and perceived competence and
physical activity Mauroon R Weiss (2020).
Physical activity benefits children and adolescents by increasing fitness, boosting self-esteem and
establishing friendships. It also helps to prevent or reduce the risk of stress, obesity, and a host of other
conditions that can negatively affect a child’s health. Free play, especially outdoor play, helps kids
develop their problem-solving skills and can help improve symptoms of conditions like Attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder. Physical play impacts development throughout the various stages of a child’s life.
Sports is a complex process and it consists of various type of activities and there are different types of
training methods and different types of exercise to develop the motor fitness abilities of the individuals.
Now a Days sports and games are highly scientific fields and depends upon the capabilities, physical
fitness and motor fitness of the individual like muscular strength, endurance, speed, balance, reaction
time, speed, agility etc. These are basic requirements for participating in all kinds of games and sports.
Fitness of player can be improved with the help of various specific training i.e., Swiss Ball training,
circuit training, etc. These specific training improves the fitness level of individuals. Motor fitness only
can be developed through regular participation in exercises and other related activities. In the modern
sports the concept of motor fitness has become a point of attraction Therefore the researcher realized the
importance of the Swiss ball exercise in order to develop motor fitness Component of the school girls.

Bhargeb Borah, Priyanka, (2016).

Methodology:
The researcher taken up a study with a sample of tribal girls. The experimental group will follow a
structured fitness regimen. To meet the purpose of study the researcher has selected 50 subjects out of
125 admitted students in 10th and intermediate volunteered teenage girls, their age is from 15 to 17 years,
they belongs to APTWRS, Nerawada, Panyam, Nandya Dist, A.P. The volunteered subjects are exposed
to specific physical fitness program for four days per week at the rate of 60 minutes including warm up,
and limbering down. The selected parameters are speed, explosive power and agility which are measured
pre and after 12 weeks of planned training regimen. The t-teat was applied in order to find out the
significant difference between pre and post test data. The level of significance is fixed at 0.05 level of
assurance.
Motor Fitness Parameters: The study assessed the following motor fitness components:
• Speed: Measured through timed sprints.

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 2

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

• Explosive power: measured by standing broad jump.

• Agility: Assessed through Semo Agility test.
Expected Outcomes: The researcher anticipated that the specific fitness regimens certainly lead to
improve motor fitness among tribal girls. By enhancing these skills, participants may experience better
overall health, reduced injury risk, and improved physical performance.
Significance: Understanding the effects of specific physical fitness programs on motor skills which are
essential for promoting a healthy lifestyle among tribal communities. The findings from this study
sensitised on the effective educational policies, physical education curricula, and community-based
interventions.

Selection of Variables
The researcher has gone through the available literature and participated lengthy brain storming sessions
with the subject experts and the research supervisor and guide before selection of the variables for the
study. The available of techniques for the purpose of analysis. Feasibility, reliability of the procedure
and outcome were extensively taken care before finalizing the variables. After examining various factors
associated with the present study the following most ideal variables were chosen for testing.

Justification of Variables
• Speed
• Explosive power
• Agility

The relevance and relation of these variables in the study are explained below
Speed
Ability to move the entire body rapidly from one place to another is referred to as speed. Even though
speed and reaction time are related, they are distinct characteristics. Both looks like one trait but still
have chief difference. There are different forms of speed viz. Speed of every movement of body
segments, running speed for a very short distance (acceleration rate) and maximum running speed.
Speed movement is highly specific to the areas of body. An individual with fast arm movement may
have slow leg movements. In fact, this specificity extends even to the type of task and the direction of
movement. Running speed comprises of two factors namely (a) acceleration rate and (b) maximal
velocity. This is the most important consideration in speed for distance about 20 yards and is very
essential in the court and field games and short races, as well. The second factor is related to a distance
greater than 20 yards where in maximal speed is more important. Therefore, an individual may be slow
starter but achieve a maximal speed after 20 yards distance. Indeed, a person may be proficient in
Handball, Football, Basketball, or Tennis where involves quick acceleration. Under this state of
condition, the speed is significantly considered as a variable. B. Rama subba Reddy (2010).

Explosive power
Anaerobic activities are related to the leg power. Greater the leg power, better the anaerobic performance
in the field of sports and games. Leg power is essential with muscular strength. This is developed
through maximum load of weight training. Muscular strength and explosive power increases due to the
increase in the size of muscle fibers which are present in leg muscle. The presence of actin, myosin and

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 3

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

other myofibril proteins in the muscle fibres develops muscle. The explosive power of leg associates
with the fast twitch muscle fiber. Greater the percentage of this fast twitch muscle fibers, better the legs
explosive power and speed. Hence, the leg explosive power plays a vital role in most of the anaerobic
activities

Agility
Agility means ability to change the direction of body and its parts rapidly and accurately. The ability of a
performer may be influenced either by reaction of known type or by unknown direction. The perform
refers to anticipation of reaction of an undetermined type and the later refers to an unknown direction to
a set of stimuli that may vary widely. Example for the above causes is a sprinter's reaction to the starting
gun and a soccer defensive half-back reaction to the changes in speed or direction of a pass receiver
respectively.

Selection of Tests
Selected parameters Speed, Explosive Power, Agility and their respective tests are given below in Table
I
TABLE -I

S. No Variables Tests Units

1 speed 50 meter dash run Seconds
2 Explosive power Standing broad jump Centimetres
3 Agility Semo agility seconds

ANALYSIS & RESULTS

SPEED
Table- II: T-test for Pre & post test data on Speed of Specific Physical Fitness training group.
Obtained
Test σ SE r DM σ DM Table ‘T’ Ratio
‘T’ Ratio
Pre-test 9.278 0.661 0.093
Speed 0.564 2.308 0.083 27.087* 2.0092
Post-test 6.97 0.513 0.072
*Significance at 0.05 level of confidence
Table value for significance at 0.05 level with degree of freedom 49 are 2.0092.
Table II shows that the pre-test and post-test means of specific physical fitness training group are 9.278
and 6.97. The achieved ‘t’ ratio of 27.087 for specific physical fitness training group is greater than the
table value 2.0092 for the degree of freedom 49 at 0.05 level. The result of the study shows that there is
significance difference exists between pre and post values of specific physical fitness training group on
Speed.

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 4

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

Mean values on speed of experimental group is graphically illustrated in figure I.

SPEED
10

8 9.278

6 6.97

0
Pre-Test Post-Test

Figure I: Bar diagram on Speed means of specific physical fitness training group.

EXPLOSIVE POWER
Table- III: T-test for Pre & post test data on Explosive Power of Specific Physical Fitness training
group.
σ Obtained Table ‘T’
Test σ SE r DM
DM ‘T’ Ratio Ratio
Explosive Pre-test 1.476 0.070 0.009
power Post- 0.231 0.665 0.009 73.888* 2.0092
2.141 0.031 0.004
test
*Significance at 0.05 level of confidence
Table value for significance at 0.05 level with degree of freedom 49 are 2.0092.
Table III shows that the pre-test and post-test means of specific physical fitness training group are 1.476
and 2.141. The achieved ‘t’ ratio of 73.888 for specific physical fitness training group is greater than the
table value 2.0092 for the degree of freedom 49 significance at 0.05 level of assurance. The result of the
study shows that there is significance difference exists between pre and post values of specific physical
fitness training group on Explosive Power.

Means values on Explosive Power of experimental group is graphically portrayed in figure II.

Explosive Power
2.5

2 2.141

1.5
1.476
1

0.5

0
Pre Test Post Test

Figure II: Bar diagram on Explosive Power means of specific physical fitness training group.

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 5

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

AGILITY
Table- IV: T-test for Pre & post test data on Agility of Specific Physical Fitness training group.
Obtained
Test σ SE r DM σ DM Table ‘T’ Ratio
‘T’ Ratio
Pre-test 9.094 0.438 0.061
Agility 0.013 2.924 0.054 54.148* 2.0092
Post-test 6.17 0.260 0.036
*Significance at 0.05 level of confidence
Table value for significance at 0.05 level with degree of freedom 49 are 2.0092.
Table IV shows that the pre-test and post-test means of specific physical fitness training group are 9.094
and 6.17. The achieved ‘t’ ratio of 54.148 for specific physical fitness training group is greater than the
table value 2.0092 for the degree of freedom 49 significance at 0.05 level. The result of the study shows
that there is significance difference exists between pre and post values of specific physical fitness
training group on Agility.

Means values on Agility of experimental group is graphically illustrated in figure III.

AGILITY
10
9
9.094
8
7
6
6.17
5
4
3
2
1
0
pre test post test

Figure III: Bar diagram on Agility means of specific physical fitness training group.

Discussions:
Suresh et al., (2021), focused on the effects of speed, agility, and quickness training and resistance
training on the physical and skill performance of tribal football players. The research is significant as it
addresses the need for specialised training programmes tailored to the unique requirements of tribal
athletes.
P. Lakshman Naik (2020), Studied on the impact of a specific physical fitness regimen on tribal school
girls in Andhra Pradesh, it found that it improved motor fitness parameters, contributing to overall health
and well-being. It also highlighted the importance of tailoring fitness programs to girls' specific needs,
fostering community engagement, and promoting health.

Conclusion:
Findings of the study indicates that the Specific Physical Fitness training is better training to improve

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 6

 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com

speed, Explosive power and Agility. Among tribal girls it is necessary to bring out designed outcomes
through a specific physical fitness.

Reference
1. Maureen R Weiss (2020), Motor skill development and youth physical activits, journals of motor
learning and development, human kinetic inc, 8,315-344.
2. Bhargab Borah & Priyanka (2016), Effect of Swiss ball exercise training programme on selected
motor fitness components, (IJMRME, ISSN(ONLINE) 245-6119.
3. Sheetal Jignesh Sheth (2015), Construction of Physical Fitness Norms For The School Girls of
Gujarat State, Post Graduate Department of Education Sardar Patel University Vallabh Vidyanagar-
388120 Anand, Gujarat, India.
4. Dale P. Mood et al. (2007), Measurement of Physical Fitness and Physical Activity: Fifty Years of
Change, Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 11:4, 217- 227, DOI:
10.1080/10913670701585502
5. International journal The Department of Physical Education, Gregorian college of Advanced
Studies. Trivandrum Kerala (2019)
6. SM Prakash (1989), "Construction and Standardisation of Physical Fitness Test for High School
Boys, Unpublished PhD Thesis. (Jiwaji University, Gwahor)
7. Clenn A Miller, Lmu J Dowell and Robert II Pender (1989), "Physical Activity Programs m
Colleges and Universities." Journal of Physical Education Recreation and Dance. pp 20-23.
8. Judy G. Busch, (1969), A Normative Study of the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test for Girls in Grades
7-10 in the State of South Dakota South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public
Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange
9. Zerihun Birhanu & Haileyesus Gedefaw (2019), Physical Fitness module.pdf. p-6
10. Suresh, N., Kavithashri, P., & Suresh, N. (2021), Effects of SAQ with resistance training on
physical and skill performance of Tribal football players. International Journal of Physical
Education, Sports and Health, 8(2): 70–73
11. Enhancing Teen Health through Fitness | LTC (littletikescommercial.com)
12. P. Lakshman Naik (2020), Survey of Physical Fitness among tribal school boys of Kurnool district
of Andhra Pradesh and the influence of physical activities programme on them, unpublished thesis,
Pondicherry University.

IJFMR240322977 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 7