Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF MASBATE PROVINCE
CATAINGAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
.

(Elective 1)
Learning Activity Sheet No. 2

Learner:
Grade and Section:
Subject Teacher:

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
 I. Introductory Concept
Computers have actually transformed our lives – how we communicate, how we work and learn things
and even how we play. Computers are efficient tools in processing data into useful information. These are
essential tools in almost every fields of research and applied technology because of their capabilities. And
because of the widespread use and availability of computers, it is essential that everyone acquires an
understanding of what computers are and how they work.
Now in this lesson you will get to know how a computer look and what really is a computer system?

Terminologies
Computer System is an electronic device which consists of several components that together provide
the capability of executing a stored program. It performs four basic functions such as input, process,
storage and output. Figure 1.1 illustrates the flow of the basic functions of a computer.

Figure 1.1 Basic Computer Functions

Typically, a computer system consists of input devices which allow users to input data for processing; storage
devices where the processed information are stored; a central processing unit (CPU) which interprets and
executes data or instruction; and output devices where the outcomes are displayed.
ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
A computer system has three main elements: mainly, the hardware, software, and the most important part, the
Information Technology (IT) professionals or peopleware. These three elements interact with one another in
order to produce desired information from a given set of data.
A. Hardware
Refers to the physical components of a computer that you can actually touch. Hardware may be
classified into input devices, output devices, the central processing unit (CPU) and secondary storage.
1. Input Devices
An input device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with
and control it. Following are some of the important input devices which are used in a computer −
Keyboard

Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device which helps to input data to the computer. The
layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided
for performing additional functions.

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
The keys on the keyboard are as follows –

S.No Keys and Description

Typing Keys
1 These keys include the letter keys (A-Z) and digit keys (09) which generally give the same layout
as that of typewriters.
Numeric Keypad
2 It is used to enter the numeric data or cursor movement. Generally, it consists of a set of 17 keys
that are laid out in the same configuration used by most adding machines and calculators.
Function Keys
3 The twelve function keys are present on the keyboard which are arranged in a row at the top of the
keyboard. Each function key has a unique meaning and is used for some specific purpose.
Control keys
These keys provide cursor and screen control. It includes four directional arrow keys. Control keys
4
also include Home, End, Insert, Delete, Page Up, Page Down, Control(Ctrl), Alternate(Alt),
Escape(Esc).
Special Purpose Keys
5 Keyboard also contains some special purpose keys such as Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, Num Lock,
Space bar, Tab, and Print Screen.

Mouse
Mouse is the most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device
having a small palm size box with a round ball at its base, which senses the
movement of the mouse and sends corresponding signals to the CPU when the
mouse buttons are pressed.
Generally, it has two buttons called the left and the right button and a wheel is present between the buttons. A
mouse can be used to control the position of the cursor on the screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into
the computer.
Joystick
Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to move the cursor position on a monitor
screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends. The lower
spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be moved in all four directions. The
function of the joystick is similar to that of a mouse. It is mainly used in Computer Aided
Designing (CAD) and playing computer games.
Light Pen
Light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen. It is used to select a displayed menu
item or draw pictures on the monitor screen. It consists of a photocell and an optical
system placed in a small tube. When the tip of a light pen is moved over the monitor
screen and the pen button is pressed, its photocell sensing element detects the screen
location and sends the corresponding signal to the CPU.
Track Ball is an input device that is mostly used in notebook or laptop computer, instead
of a mouse. This is a ball which is half inserted and by moving fingers on the ball, the
pointer can be moved.

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
 Scanner
Scanner is an input device, which works more like a photocopy machine. It is used
when some information is available on paper and it is to be transferred to the hard
disk of the computer for further manipulation. Scanner captures images from the
source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored on the disk.
Digitizer
Digitizer is an input device which converts analog information into digital form.
Digitizer can convert a signal from the television or camera into a series of
numbers that could be stored in a computer. They can be used by the computer to
create a picture of whatever the camera had been pointed at.
Microphone
Microphone is an input device to input sound that is then stored in a digital form.
The microphone is used for various applications such as adding sound to a
multimedia presentation or for mixing music.
Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR)
MICR input device is generally used in banks as there are large number of cheques
to be processed every day. The bank's code number and cheque number are printed
on the cheques with a special type of ink that contains particles of magnetic material
that are machine readable. This reading process is called Magnetic Ink Character
Recognition (MICR). The main advantages of MICR is that it is fast and less error prone.
Optical Character Reader (OCR)
OCR is an input device used to read a printed text. OCR scans the text optically, character
by character, converts them into a machine-readable code, and stores the text on the
system memory.
Bar Code Readers
Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar coded data (data in the form of
light and dark lines). Bar coded data is generally used in labelling goods,
numbering the books, etc. It may be a handheld scanner or may be embedded in
a stationary scanner. It scans a bar code image, converts it into an alphanumeric
value, which is then fed to the computer that the bar code reader is connected to.
Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to recognize the type of
mark made by pen or pencil. It is used where one out of a few alternatives
is to be selected and marked. It is specially used for checking the answer
sheets of examinations having multiple choice questions.
Terminal
Consists of a monitor, keyboard and communication lines attached to a computer system.
It accepts customer inputs for processing.

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
 Touch tone device
Accepts data when telephone buttons are pushed. This triggers the telephone, which
in turn sends signals to the computer.
Set-up boxes
Enable the user to request for a specific program to be aired through a cable box
triggered by a remote control.

Touch screen
Is a display screen that allows users to interact with the system by touching specific
areas on the screen.

Wand Reader
Is a common scanning device used in price tags. It uses a device that reads
preprinted characters and converts them into digital code.
Magnetic strip card
Contains data encoded and stored on magnetic strips. It is usually used in credit
cards, ATM cards and identification cards. It usually holds half of a page of data.

Phone Card
Is a smart card that contains a microprocessor and a memory chip. It usually holds
30 pages of data.
Plastic laser recordable wallet type card
Holds about 200 pages of data and it is used with an optical card reader.
Speech synthesizer
Convert human speech into digital form. The data can then be transformed back
into human speech.

Multimedia devices
Record music and other sound signals and transform them into digital format to be
used as inputs for PCs.

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
 Digital cameras
Capture images in electronic form for immediate viewing on a computer screen or TV.
These images can be stored and manipulated using computers.
Video converters
Transform video or films into digital format. Signals coming from videocassette
recorders, laser disks or camcorders are converted into digital forms through a video
card installed in the computer.
Sensor
Collects specific kinds of data from the environment and converts these into computer
readable data. Examples include sensors that measure the temperature, humidity, smoke,
gas, and light.
II. Learning Skill

Content: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines and Procedures

Content Standard: The learners demonstrate and understanding of concepts and
underlying principles in performing computer operations.
Learning Competency: Select appropriate hardware according to task assigned and
required outcome. (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4)

III. Activities:
Matching Type: Match the hardware device in column A with its description in column B.

Column A Column B

• Scanning device used in price tags.

1. Mouse
• Convert a signal from the television or camera into a
series of numbers that could be stored in a computer.
2. MICR

• Generally used in banks as there are large number of

3. Wand Reader cheques to be processed every day.

• Mainly used in Computer Aided Designing (CAD) and

4. Digitizer playing computer games.

5. Joystick • Used to control the position of the cursor on the screen, but
it cannot be used to enter text into the computer.

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
Activity 2:

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469
 IV. Reference:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_input_devices.htm#
Albano, Gisela May A. Introduction to Information Technology. Trinitas Publishing, Inc.
Curriculum Guide

Prepared By:

EDILYN A. YANSON HARVEY BRYAN S. ROSERO

Teacher II Teacher II

Reviewed By:

MADILINE B. POVADORA
HT-III/ Grade 12 Coordinator

Approved By:

JESUS P. DELA PEÑA

Principal IV

Address: Poblacion, Cataingan, Masbate

Telephone No: (056) 578-3469