FITT 1: MOVEMENT ENHANCEMENT ❑ PHYSICAL EDUCATION

is an integral part of the educational program designed to

❑ Overview of Physical Education promote the optimum development of
For about a century, many people have been confused about an individual physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, and
the term physical education, and are not exactly sure about the spiritually through total body movement in the performance of
term and what physical education teachers do. Even college properly selected physical activities.
students, who have chosen physical education as their major
field shared this confusion. Despite this confusion, physical ❑ PHYSICAL FITNESS
education has been accepted as part of the curriculum in all Fitness
schools. What is important is that physical education is one • The ability to carry out daily tasks efficiently with enough
subject that is well –taught and well-accepted. Within the past physical capacity to cope with the
decades, dramatic changes have occurred in the field of physical needs of life.
physical education and sport. Contemporary physical education
and sport has expanded to include persons of all ages and • States that it is the ability to carry out daily tasks efficiently
abilities. Involvement in carefully designed programs can with enough energy left over to enjoy leisure time pursuits and
enhance the health and quality of life of the participant. to meet unforeseen emergencies.

❑ Article XIV, Section 19 of 1987 Philippine Constitution Physical Fitness

o SECTION 1. The state shall promote physical education and • The ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness,
encourage sports programs, league competitions and amateur without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to enjoy leisure
sports including the training for international competitions to time pursuits and to meet unforeseen emergencies.
foster self-discipline team work & excellence for the
development of healthy and alert citizenry. • (Physical fitness at any age depends upon eating the correct
o SECTION 2. All educational institutions shall undertake foods, having sufficient rest, taking adequate daily exercise,
regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation and maintaining a strong mental attitude.)
with athletic clubs and other sectors.
❑ ASPECTS OF FITNESS
❑ CHED Memorandum Order No. 39, s.2021
ARTICLE II - SECTION 3. Integrated Purposes of the 1. Physical Fitness - refers to the ability of an individual to
General, Higher and Physical Education perform his daily tasks efficiently without undue fatigue and has
One of the goals of general education as articulated by the some extra “reserves” in case of emergency.
Commission on Higher Education is “to help improve the 2. Social Fitness – is the ability to mingle with different types
Filipino quality of life”. This succinctly expresses the aspiration of people and interest and concern for others.
of the Tertiary Physical Education Program. PE, more than any 3. Emotional Fitness – refers to the ability of an individual to
other subject in the curriculum, is much more direct. It is a control his emotions or feelings.
subject that is directly applicable and relevant to a learner's life 4. Mental Fitness – is the ability to cope with common
in school, out of school and even beyond school. Through PE, problems of everyday living.
the learner can be more disciplined because the activities and 5. Spiritual Fitness - is the beliefs and practices that
tasks demand physical effort. When the learner independently strengthen your connectedness with sources of hope, meaning,
engages in physical activities because he understands the and purpose.
benefits of caring for and nurturing one's health. He gains
self-mastery. This self-mastery which is accompanied by Total Fitness
self-confidence enables the learner to become more socially • It refers to the fitness of the whole person including physical,
involved. This is not to say that individuals who are incapable of mental, social, emotional and spiritual fitness
exercise or physical activities are deprived of living a full life,
rather, those who are physically fit and healthy are more ❑ COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
disposed to living a life of service for others. Here follows the 11 components of physical fitness and its
respective indicators;
ARTICLE III - SECTION 5. Tertiary PE Program Standards 1. Cardio respiratory Endurance – the ability of the lungs and
The following are the outcomes of the tertiary PE program: heart to take in and transport
1) Active and Healthy Living. This outcome is achieved adequate amounts of oxygen to the working muscles.
through the adaptation of movement competencies to physical 2. Muscular Endurance – the ability of the muscles to apply a
activity pursuits. Movement competency and confidence allows sub maximal force repeatedly or to sustain a muscular
the learner to engage in a variety of moderate-to-vigorous contraction for a certain period of time.
physical activities resulting in improvements in one's fitness 3. Muscular strength – the maximal one effort force that can
levels as well as optimizing health by way of reducing health be exerted against a resistance.
risk factors (i.e., physical inactivity, sedentary behaviors, 4. Flexibility - the functional capacity of a joint to move through
stress). As part of healthy living, food and beverage a full range of motion.
consumption patterns are periodically evaluated based on 5. Body Composition – the ratio of lean body tissue (muscle
dietary recommendations for the purpose of building healthy and bone) to body fat tissue.
eating habits.
Skill-Related Fitness Components
2) Advocacy and Action. At the individual level, this outcome 6. Agility - quickness of movement
is achieved through periodic evaluation of the learner's (a) 7. Speed - the ability of the individual to make a successive
physical activity levels, (b) fitness levels, and (c) dietary/eating movement of the same kind in the shortest time
patterns. Such evaluation is aimed at enhancing awareness 8. Balance – the state of equilibrium.
and personal responsibility for making healthy choices (i.e., 9. Power – refers to muscular power which is the ability to
taking action). At the school and/or community level, the release maximum force in the shortest period of time; the ability
learner is provided with and/or seeks opportunities for of the muscle to exert effort.
participation in and/or lead (e.g. organize) physical 10.Reaction Time – the amount of time it takes to start a
activity-related events (e.g. intramurals, PA- based clubs, movement once your senses signal the need to move.
fitness and wellness activities, etc.). These opportunities 11. Coordination – the ability to use the senses together ith
advocacy) body parts in performing tasks smoothly and accurately.
❑ EATING DISORDER AND FOUR TYPES OF EATING
• Eating Disorder is an illness that is characterized by irregular
eating habits and stress concerns about size. Can develop
during any stage in life but typically appear during teen years or
adulthood. Commonly coexist with other conditions such as
anxiety, depression etc.

❑ Types of Warm-up Exercise

Static warm-up - stay in position
Dynamic warm-up - moving from one place to another

• FITT Principle
F- frequency (how often)
I- Intensity (how hard)
T- time (period of time)
T- type (what type)

❑ Anatomical Reference Position, Directional and

Movement Terms
Supination - body facing upward/ palm facing up
Pronation - body facing downward/ palm facing down
Plantar flexion - pointing down
Dorsi flexion - pointing up
Extension - opposite of flexion
Hyperextension - next movement after extension
Rotation - act of turning part of the body
Circumduction - cone movement
Abduction - act of moving away the midline
Adduction - moving back to anatomical position
Elevation - moving up
Depression - moving down
Opposition - thumb and little finger move together
Reposition - thumb and little finger going back to its
anatomical position