CS403-DataBase

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1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Context DFD?

One process (which represents the entire system)
All sources/sinks (external entities)
Data flows linking the process to the sources and sinks (external entities)
Sub-process (which explain and decomposed the major process into small
processes) page 62
2. Which of the following is true for the relational model?
Degree of a relational is the number of rows in a relational.
Null value is a blank or zero value given to an attribute value when its value is
inapplicable or its value is unknown
Complex key is a key consisting of more than one attribute.
Constraint is a rule that restricts the values in a database.
Page 18
3. Which of the following most certainly implies the need for an entire integrity?
A binary relationship
A ternary relationship
A recursive relationship
An identifying relationship
4. Which of the following constraints enforces entity integrity?
Primary Key page 134
Foreign Key
Check
Not null
5. Which of the following is not true about relational tables?
Column values of the same kind
Each row is unique
Each column must have a unique name
The sequence of rows is significant.
6. In a conceptual model for a university, what type of relationship exists between Grade
and Student entities?
1:1
1:M
M:M
Ternary
7. Controlling redundancy in a database management system doesn’t help to
Avoid duplication
Avoid unnecessary wastage of storage space
Avoid unauthorized access data page 16
Avoid inconsistency among data
8. Which of the following is incorrect with respect to file systems?
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A physical level, pointer or based addressed scheme may be employed to provide
a certain degree of data independence at the user level
A logical record is connected with efficient storage of information in the
secondary storage devices
Some physical organizations use pointers to record blocks to locate records on
disk.
The efficiency of a file system depends on how efficiently operations such as
retrieve, insert, update, delete may be performed on the information stored in the
file.
9. Which of the following functions are not performed by a database administrator?
Planning, designing, and implementing database systems.
Establishing standards and procedures for database systems
Communicating with database users page 26
Allocation of storage locations and data structures
10. Select the correct statement about the ANSI/SPARC architecture.
The conceptual level is a level of indication between the internal level and the
external level. Page 33
The internal level in a database system will definitely be rational.
Any given database has many conceptual schemas and one physical schemas and
one physical scheme, but it has only on external schemas.
The external level is not concerned with individual user perceptions, while the
conceptual level is concerned with a community user perception.
11. Which of the following is a correct way to implement one-to-many relationships while
designing tables?
By splitting the data into tables with primary key and foreign key relationships.
Using a junction table with the keys from both the tables forming the composite
primary key of the junction table.
By splitting each table into three
As a single table and rarely as two tables with primary and foreign key
relationships.
12. Which of the following is not a benefit of normalization?
Minimize insertion anomolies
Minimize deletion anomolies
Minimize updating anomolies
Maximize redundancy page 162
13. The Entity Relation Model models
Entities, Relationships and Processes
Entities and Relationships page 71
Relationships
Entities
14. As part of database naming conventions, attribute names should use suffixes such as ID,
NUMBER or CODE for the………..
Primary key
Foreign key
Index
Determinant
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15. User rights information is stored in
Physical database
Catalog page 46
Logical database
Buffer
16. Making a change to the conceptual scheme of a database but not affecting the existing
external schemes is an example of
Physical data independence
Concurrency control
Logical data independence
Functional dependency
17. A relation (from the relational database model database model) consists of a set of a
tuples, which implies that
All tuples in a relation must be distinct
Relational model supports multi-valued attributes whose values can be
represented in sets.
For any two tuples, the values associated with all of their attributes may be the
same.
All tuples in a particular relation may have different attributes.
18. Identify the constraint that limits the values that can be placed in a column.
Not null
Check
Foreign key
Unique
19. A collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database
Database
DBMS
Data model page 68
Data
20. An entity can be logically connected to another by defining a………..
Hyperlink
Common attribute
Primary key
Super key
21. The………. constraint species whether each entity supertype occurrence must also be a
member of at least one subtype.
Specialization
Uniqueness
Inheritance
Completeness
22. Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all
examples of……….
Hardware
Software
Computer infrastructure
Input and output
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23. Which of the following concepts is applicable with respect to 2NF?
Full functional dependency
Any kind of dependency
Transitive dependency
Non-transitive dependency
24. A database system allows the following except
Management and control of data towards an efficient working of an organization.
More critical functions in organizations to be computerized and the need to keep a
large volume of data available in an up to the minute current state increase
Any user to access all its data
Integration of data across multiple applications into a single application.
25. The ER-data model is an example of:
Physical database
Logical database
Relational database
Conceptual database
26. Which of the following is true about not null constrain?
Enforce domain integrity
Limit the values that can be placed in a column.
Prevents any actions that would destroy links between tables with the
corresponding data values.
Enforce the uniqueness of the values in a set of columns.
27. Which of the following is true about relational schema?
The sequence of columns is significant
The sequence of rows is significant
Contains only derived attributes
Values are atomic page 127
28. A collection of related data is
Logical model
Database page 10
Data
Relational model
29. A weak entity type
Must have total participation in an identifying relationship
Doesn’t have a key attribute
Both (a) and (b)
None of these
30. A description on a particular collection of data using the given data model
Database
Schema page 18
None of these
Relation
31. If K is foreign key in relation R1, then
Every tuple of R1 has a distinct value for K
K can’t have a null value for tuples in R1
K is a key for some other relation
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K is a primary key for R1
32. Consider the following statements,
A. An entity integrity constraint states that no primary key value can be null
B. A referential integrity constraint is specified between two relations
C. A foreign key can’t be used to refer to its own relation.
Identify which is the following above statements is/are correct.
Only A page 134
Only B
B and C
A and B
33. Which of he following enforces a relation into 1st normal form?
The domain of attribute must include only atomic value. Page
167
Every non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent on primary key.
Non-key attribute is non-transitively dependent on primary key.
Every non-key attribute is partially dependent on super key.
34. Consider the following set of functional dependencies (FDs) on the following relational
schem
Emp-No -> {Ename, Bdate, Address, Dept-No}
Dep-No -> {Dname, Mgr-No}
The additional FD which can be inferred from the above set of FDs is
Emp-No -> Dep-No.
Emp-Name -> {Dname, Mgr-No}
Emp-Name -> Dept-name
Emp-Name, Dep-No -> Mgr-No.
35. Which of the following is a feature Primary key constraint?
Unique identifier for a row with in a database table
Allow any actions that would destroy links between tables
Limit the values that can be placed in a column.
Enforces that the column will only accept null values.
36. Structural constraints of a relationship type refer to
Identifying the owner entity type relevant to a given entity type.
Whether the existence of an entity depends on it being related to another entity via
the relationship type.
The role that a participating entity from the entity type plays in each relationship
instance.
The constraints applicable in granting access to tables, columns and views in a
database schem
37. A………relationship exists when an association is maintained with in a single entity.
Unary page 144
Ternary
Binary
Weak
38. Identify the correct statement.
Entity integrity constraints specify that primary key values can be composite.
Entity integrity constraints are specified on individual relations.
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Entity integrity constraints are specified between weak entities
When entity integrity rules are enforced, a tuple in one relation that refers to
another relation must refer to an existing tuple.
39. A software package designed to store and manage database
Database
DBMS page 18
Data model
Data
40. Who is responsible for authorizing access to the database, for coordinating and
monitoring its use?
Database designer
Database Administrator page 26
End User
Application Programmer
41. Which feature of database provides conversion from inconsistent state of DB to a
consistent state ensuring minimum data loss?
User accessible catalog
Data processing
Recovery service page 47
Authorization service
42. Which of the following constraint enforces referential integrity?
Foreign key page 134
Check
Primary key
Unique
43. Consider the relation Interview (Candidate-No, Interview-Data, Interview-Time, Staff-
No, Room-No) and the following functional dependencies.
FD1: Candidate-No, Interview-Date -> Interview-Time, Staff-No, Room-No
FD2: Room-No, Interview-Date, Interview-Time -> Staff-No, Candidate-No
FD3: Staff-No, Interview-Date -> Room-No
Which of the following is correct?
The relation Interview is in 3NF
The relation Interview is in BCNF
The FD3 violates 3NF
The FD2 violates 2NF
44. Identify the correct way to implement one-to-one relationship in tables?
Using a junction table with the keys from both the tables forming the composite
primary key of the junction table.
By splitting the data into two tables with primary key and foreign key
relationships.
By creating two separate tables.
As a single table and rarely as two tables with primary and foreign key
relationships.
45. A Super key that does not contain a subset of attributes that is itself a Super key is called
a……..
Candidate key page 82
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Primary key
Super key
Secondary key
46. Consider two sets A and A contains 2 elements and B contains 3. How many elements
do their cartesian product contains?
6 page 129
9
5
4
47. Identify the operation which is not one of the parts of the five basic set operations in
relational algebra?
Join
Union
Cartesian Product
Set Difference
48. Which of the following concepts is applicable with respect to 3NF?
Any kind of dependency
Transitive dependency page 172
Full functional dependency
Non-transitive dependency
49. Which one is true regarding relation?
Every attribute value non-atomic
Attribute in table may not have unique name.
Table order of the column is relevant.
The order of the rows is irrelevant.
50. In a conceptual database model, which of the following most likely represents a valid
identifier for a class grades?
Student ID
Student ID, Course ID
Student ID, Course ID, Instructor ID
Student ID, Course Section ID
51. Making a change to the conceptual schema of a database but not affecting the existing
external schemas is an example of,
Physical data independence
Concurrency control
Logical data independence
Functional dependency
52. If W, X, Y and Z are attributes of a relation, which of the following interference rules for
functional dependencies is correct?
If (X, Z) -> Y then X -> Y and Z -> Y.
If X -> Y and X -> Z then X -> (Y, Z).
If X Y then Y -> X
If X -> Y then (X, Z) -> (Y, W).
53. A candidate key that does not have a null value and is selected to uniquely identify all
other attribute values in any given row is called a,
Super key
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Candidate key
Primary key
Secondary key
54. Incase of Context-level Diagram, the system is represented by
One process at least
Two process at least
One process only
Any number of processes
55. A……….is used to maintain a connection between the users of the database system.
Mail server
File server
Client server
None of these
56. Which of the following is not a component of a DFD?
Dataflow
Datastore
External entities
Relationship between external entities page57
57. Which of the following is correct regarding data flow diagram?
Single DFD is required to represent a system
The dataflow must be bi-directional
Created at increasing levels of detail
Used to represent the relationships among the external entities
58. Consider two sets A and A contains 3 elements and B contains 4. How many elements
do their cartesian product contains?
12 page 129
6
16
7
59. Which one of the following four E-R diagrams is the typical result you obtain when you
initially start with an E-R diagram containing just two entities, A and C, in a Many-to-
Many relationship, and then introduce an associative entity (B).

A 1 1 B 1 1 C

A 1 M B M 1 C

A M 1 B
BB1 M C

None of these
60. Choose the symbol that corresponds to a discriminator attributes.

Attribute
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Attribute

Attribute

None of these
61. Consider the following relation R and its sample dat (Consider that these are the only
tuples for given relation)
Emp No Dep No Project No
1001 01 12
1001 01 13
1002 01 12
1003 01 14
Which of the following statements is not correct?
The functional dependency (Emp No, Dept No) -> Project No holds over R.
The functional dependency Emp No -> Dept No holds over R.
The functional dependency Project No-> Dept No holds over R.
The functional dependency (Emp No, Project No) -> Dept No holds over R.
62. Identify the incorrect statement among the given
An entity be an object with a physical existence like a car.
Age can be considered as a single value attribute of a person.
The attribute Date-of-Birth can be considered as a derived attribute.
Skill is a multivalued attribute.
63. ………constraint states that no primary key can’t be null.
Entity Integrity
Referential Integrity
Null
Domain
64. Which of the following shows least amount of detail?
Context DFD
Level 0 DFD
Level 1 DFD
Level 2 DFD
65. Which of the following is created by "Database Management System" for its usage?
Free standing data dictionary
Cross reference matrix
Weak entity
Integrated data dictionary
66. Which of the following is sematic Data Model?
E-R Data Model
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Hierarchical Model
Network Data Model
Relational Model
67. Name and………. are part of the definitions of an attribute.
Domain
Symbol
Property
Entity Instance
68. ………. provides the change transparency between Conceptual and External Level?
Physical Data Independence
Concurrency Control
Logical Data Independence
Functional Dependency
69. Which of the following is correct about Three Level Schema Architecture?
External level presents data to the user.
Internal level in a database system will definitely be relational
External level can’t contain user views
Conceptual level is one of the architectures
70. ………..is not the responsibility of DBMS.
Support for data communication
Integrity service
Data processing
Grant of access rights.
71. Which of the following design elements does not require as entire table to implement?
Entity
Recursive relationship
Many-to-many relationship
Multi-valued attribute
72. …………..is not as operation of relational algebr
Addition
Subtract
Cartain Product
Set Difference
73. Which of the following features enforces a relation into 2nd normal form?
Relation is in INF and every non-key attribute is partially dependent co super key
Relation is not in INF and non-key attribute is non-transitively dependent co
primary key
Relation is in INF and every non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent on
primary key
The domain of attribute may inclose multiple values
74. If in a relation R, all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on key
attributes. The relation R is in………..
2NF
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3NF
BCNF
Higher NF
75. A student has free courses at max registered in a semester and there are many students
as well in courses student and courses entities have………..cardinality.
One-to-one
One-to-many
Many-to-many
Many-to-one
76. R, X 𝜃 S, If S are relational and 𝜃 is a…….
Table name
Attributes
Primary key
Condition
77. Which of the following represents a valid primary key for a student registration table?
Student ID
Student-Father-Name
Student Class
Student-Semester
78. Which of the following normal form deals multi valued dependency?
2NF
3NF
4NF
5NF
79. Maximum Cardinality shows that how many.........of our entity can be placed in another
relation at most.
Keys
Instances
Attributes
Relationships
80. Identify the incorrect statement among the given.
Employee can’t be considered as an entity
Student “ID” can be considered as a single value attribute.
Parking area can be considered as an entity
Existence of course in a degree can be considered as an entity.
81. “Database System” is the combination of………..
Database and DBMS
Database and data
Data and information
Operating system and database
82. Given are the relations of student and Instructor
Student Instructor
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First Name Last Name First name Last name
Saman Peera Ajit Gamage
Romesh Dias
Sujith Hewage
Jeeva Silva
Nadeem Alwis Sanam Perera
Kumari Costa Kasun Peiris
Geetha Zoysa Romesh Dias
Prasad Fernando

Consider the following table obtained using Student and Instructor relation.
First Name Last Name
Ajith Gamage

Sujith Hewage
Kasun Peiris

Which of the following table obtained using have applied on the pair of relations Student
and Instructor to obtained the above data?
Instructor – Student
Student ∩ Instructor
Instructor ÷ Student
Student – Instructor
83. Identify the correct statement with respect to normalization.
Normalization is a formal technique that can be used only at the starting phase of
the database design.
Normalization can be used as a top-down standalone database design technique.
The process of normalization through decomposition must achieve the lossless
join property at any cost whereas the dependency reservation property is
sometimes sacrifice
The process of normalization through decomposition must achieve the
dependency reservation property at any cost whereas lossless join property is
sometimes sacrifice
84. Consider the following diagram depicting a kind of a relationship type where X and Z are
entities and Y is a relationship type:
X Y Z

X1 Y1
Z1
X2 Z2
Y2
X3 Z3
Y3
X4
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Select the correct statement among the following on the above diagram.
The relationship type Y is of cardinality ratio 1: N
The diagram depicts existence dependencies
The participation of X in the Y relationship type is a total.
The participation of Z in the Y relationship type is a partial.
85. Select the correct statement among the following.
Role names are not technically necessary in relationship types when all the
participating entity types are distinct.
When different entity types participate only once in a single relationship type it is
called a recursive relationship.
Cardinality ratios for binary relationship are displayed on entity relationship
diagrams by using a diamond shape notation.
Partial participation which is also called existence dependency is displayed as a
double line connecting the participating entity type to the relationship.
86. Which one of the following E-R diagrams most correctly represents the relationship
between student and grade entities?

Student 1 Has M Grade

1 M
Student Has Grade

M 1
Student Has Grade

None of these

87. Which is not the function of database management system?

A user accessible catalog
Concurrency control services
Failure response service
Support for data communication
88. The conceptual database design can be transformed into any………
Data model
Database design
E-R model
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Entity set
89. Which is the second stage in the database development process?
Database design
Preliminary study
Physical design
Requirement analysis
90. Functional dependencies under interference rule reflexivity are called……….
dependencies.
Augmentation
Transitivity
Projectivity
Trivial
91. If many instances of the “Book” entity are associated with the many instances of the
“Student” entity, then the relationship between them is:
One-to-one
One-to-many
Many-to-many
Many-to-one
92. DFD doesn’t provide us a way to represent…………
Entities
Decisions
Data stores
Processes
93. Which of the following is an advantage of using the Traditional File Organization?
Time consuming
Data security
Simplicity
Efficiency
94. Which of the following is the input to analysis phase?
DFD
LDD
PDD
UFD
95. Core of the database architecture is…………
Internal level
External level
Conceptual level
ANSI/SPARK
96. ……….is same as equi-join with a slight difference.
Natural join
Semi joins
Outer join
Theta join
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97. Conceptual database design is implemented using a……
Hierarchical data model
Semantic data model
Relational data model
Network data model
98. Which constraint is generally used for efficiency purposes in the data entry process?
Null value
Integer value
Default value
String value
99. A 3NF relation is converted to BCNF by
Removing composite keys
Removing multivalued dependencies
Dependencies attributes of overlapping composite keys are put in a separate
relation
Dependent not-key attributes are put in a separate table
100. Each……of a table contains atomic/single value.
Cell
Row
Column
Record
101. There are…………………. basic properties of the database relations.
Four
Three
Six
Two
102. How many types of dependencies are?
One
Two
Three
Four
103. In…………join, only selected rows of a relation are made cross product with second relation.
Normal
Theta
Outer
Semi
104. Which of the following is not a key?
Super key
Alternate key
Integrity constraint key
Primary key
105. Any combination of attributes with super key is……..
Primary key
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Foreign key
Super key
Candidate key
106. Binary relationships are those, which are established between
One entity type
Two entity type
Three entity type
Unlimited entities
107. ………. are called participants, when enrolled in a relationship.
Attributes
Entities
Relations
Keys
108. Collection of raw facts is called…….
Data
Object
Output
Information
109. In………….join common attributes appear twice in the output with selected rows.
Normal join
Semi joins
Natural join
Equi join
110. With in table, each primary key value…………
Is a minimal super key
Is always the first field in each table
Is a maximum super key
None of these
111. The attribute EXPERIENCE is calculated from DATE_OF_JOINING attribute. The EXPERIENCE
is a…………attribute.
Composite
Derived
Multi-valued
Stored
112. If A→ BC then A → B and A→ C, The above rule follows……..inference rule.
Projectivity
Additivity
Transitivity
Augmentation
113. Which of the following is not a guideline for drawing a Data Flow Diagram?
Display the physical location of data files
Determine system boundaries
Subdivide the DFD
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114. If we simply say join, it means the……………
Equi-join
Natural join
Theta join
Outer join
115. The process of normalization
Is finding the key of a relation
Is automatic using a computer program
Is manual and requires semantic information
Requires one to understand dependency between attributes
116. Relational Calculus is a………..relational data manipulation language.
Non-Procedural, Informal
Procedural, Informal
Procedural, Formal
Non-Procedural, Formal
117. The database design prevents some data from being stored due to…….
Insertion anomalies
Redundancy
Update anomalies
Deletion anomalies
118. How many different types of joins exist in DBMS?
5
3
2
4
119. A functional dependency is a type of relationship between………
Tables
Objects
Attributes
Entities
120. A relational table is in third normal form (3NF) if it is already in 2NF and every non-
key column is non-transitively dependent upon its…………
Candidate Key
Super Key
Primary Key
Foreign Key
121. Which of the following is true regarding foreign keys?
There can only be one foreign key in a relation
Foreign key is not a super key
There can be as many foreign keys as needed
Each table in database must have a foreign key
122. Which of the following describe the Degree of a relationships in E-R Data Model?
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Number of participating entity types
Number of participating constraints
Number of participating attribute types
Number of participating relations
123. What do you mean by one-to-many relationship between “Teacher” and “Class”
table?
Many Classes may have many Teachers
One Class may have many Teachers
One Teacher can have many Classes
Many Teachers may have many Classes
124. The attribute AGE is calculated from DATE_OF_BIRTH. The attribute AGE is a:
Composite
Multi valued
Derived
Single valued
125. In Relational Data Model, the………of a relation is the number of rows in that
relation.
Domain
Degree
Cardinality Page 133
Constraint
126. In the relational model, the number of attributes and number of tuples in a
relation are termed as……….and………respectively.
Domain, degree
Cardinality, domain
Cardinality, degree
Degree, cardinality
127. In relational algebra, which of the following operator is used to find tuples that
are present in one relation but are not in another?
Intersection
Set-difference
Cartesian product
Union
128. A vehicle can be a Car or a Bus but do not have to be either. It is an example of
…………….constraint.
Referential integrity
Dis-jointness rule
Total completeness
Partial completeness
129. For which binary operation, relations are not required to be union compatible?
Intersection
Union
Difference
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Cartesian product
130. Consider a relationship between entities ‘Teacher’ and ‘Student’. The teacher
teaches the student. It is an example of……………..relationship.
Unary
N-ary
Binary
Ternary
131. In which phase of database development process, logical design of the database
is created?
Design phase
Implementation
Physical design
Requirement
132. Which of the following is NOT the classification of entity type?
Week entity type
Strong entity type
Derived entity type
Dependent entity type
133. The database system deals with large amount of data, this property is called…………
Scalability
Robustness
Database design
Concurrency
134. Which of the following is the best description of the data security in DBMS?
Efficient check on all users’ access
Multiple users accessing the data at the same time
User can access his previously stored data even if some website is hacked
Changes made to one location are automatically updated to another location
135. DBMS select a specific File organization for the storage of data on disk, to
implement that specific file system the DBMS needs to create specific……….
Keys
Indexes
Catalogs
Attributes
136. In three level architecture of the database, which level is helpful to display data
which is not actually placed in the database?
Internal level
Conceptual level
Physical level
External level
137. From the following database users, who have clear idea of the structure of the
database and know all the needs of an organization?
End users
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Naive users
Application programmers
Sophisticated users
138. The foreign key attribute, which is present as a primary key in another relation is
called as _____________ of the foreign key attribute.
Binary relation
Composite relation
Home relation Page 134
Recursive relation
139. While mapping many-to-many relationship………………table(s) are created
One
Two
Five
Three
140. Which is not the function of Database Management System?
A user accessible Catalog
Concurrency Control Services
Failure Response Service
Support for Data Communication
141. The conceptual database design can be transformed into any………….
Data model Page 125
Database design
E-R model
Entity set
142. Which is the second stage in the database development process?
Database design
Preliminary Study
Physical Design
Requirement Analysis
143. Functional dependencies under interference rule reflexivity are called……….
dependencies.
Augmentation
Transitivity
Projectivity
Trivial
144. If many instances of the “Book” entity are associated with the many instances of
the “Student” entity, then the relationship between them is:
One to one
One to many
Many to many
Many to one
145. Which of the following constraints enforces entity integrity?
PRIMARY KEY
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FOREIGN KEY
CHECK
NOT NULL
146. Unary operations involve
Only one relation
Only two relations
More than two relations
Not more than five relations
147. A………………..entity has a primary key that is partially or totally derived from the
parent entity in the relationship.
Strong
Weak
Business
Relationship
148. In…………….appropriate data model is chosen.
ERD
Conceptual Database Design
Logical Database Design Page 122
DFA
149. Which of the following is drawback of standardization?
Difficult to understand
Uniformity
Lack of uniqueness
Easy to develop applications
150. Recursive relationship is also called……..
Unary
Ternary
Primary
Secondary
151. DFD does not provide us a way to represent………..
Entities
Decisions
Date stores
Processes
152. A…………is used to maintain a connection between the users of the database
system.
Virtual server
File server
Client server
FTP server
153. Which of the following is an advantage of using the Traditional File Organization?
Time consuming
Data security
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Simplicity
Efficiency
154. Which of the following is the input to Analysis Phase?
DFD
Logical database design
Physical database design
Data model
155. Name and………are part of the definitions of an attribute.
Domain
Symbol
Property
Entity instance
156. Which of the following most certainly implies the need for an entire table to
implement?
A ternary relationship
A recursive relationship
An identify relationship
A binary relationship
157. Core of the Database Architecture is……….
Internal level
External level
Conceptual level
ANSI SPARK
158. …………………is same as equi-join with a slight difference.
Natural join Page 159
Semi join
Outer join
Theta join
159. Conceptual database design is implemented using a……………….
Hierarchical data model
Semantic data model
Relational data model
Network data model
160. Which constraint is generally used for efficiency purposes in the data entry
process?
Null value
Integer value
Default value
String value
161. A 3NF relation is converted to BCNF by
Removing composite keys
Removing multivalued dependencies
Dependent attributes of overlapping composite keys are put in a separate relation
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Dependent non-key attributes are put in a separate table
162. Each………………..of a table contains atomic/single value.
Cell Page 127
Row
Column
Record
163. A relation is said to be in BCNF when
It has overlapping composite keys
It has no composite keys
It has no multivalued dependencies
It has no overlapping composite keys which have related attributes
164. Which one of the following is not a part of three-level architecture?
External level
Conceptual level
Internal level
Physical level
165. Which of the following is INCORRECT about naming entities?
Singular nouns are used
Write in capitals
Organization specific names can be used
Always use abbreviations as they are convenient
166. An instance is
A particular occurance of an entity
A special type of relation
An attribute of an entity
Any particular entity
167. …………….is an example of metadata
Ali
Address
Person
Student
168. Level of data at which entities or objects exist in reality is called
Real world data
Schema for real world data
Meta data
Data about data
169. There are……………basic properties of the database relations.
Four
Three
Six Page 127
Two
170. How many types of dependencies are?
One
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Two
Three
Four
171. In……….join, only selected rows of a relation are made cross product with second
relation.
Normal
Theta
Outer
Semi
172. Which of the following is not a key?
Super key
Alternate key
Integrity constraint key
Primary key
173. A collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database
Database
DBMS
Data model
Data
174. Any combination of attributes with super key is………….
Primary key
Foreign key
Super key Page 82
Candidate key
175. Binary relationships are those, which are established between
One entity type
Two entity type Page 140
Three entity type
Unlimited entities
176. ……………are called participants, when enrolled in a relationship.
Attributes
Relations
Entities
Keys
177. In case of Context-level Diagram, the system is represented by
One process at least
Two processes at least
One process only
Any number of processes
178. Collection of raw facts is called………
Information
Object
Output
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Data
179. A software package designed to store and manage database
Database
DBMS
Data model
Data
180. In……..join common attributes appear twice in the output with selected rows.
Normal join
Semi join
Natural join
Equi join Page 159
181. Within a table, each primary key value……….
Is a minimal super key
Is always the first field in each table
Must be numeric
Must be unique
182. ……………is not an operation of relational algebra
Addition
Union
Cartesian product
Set difference
183. Candidate keys which are not selected as primary key are called……….
Secondary keys
Foreign keys
Alternate keys
Composite keys
184. Major benefits of data sharing is:
Data of same applications placed at same place.
Data of same applications placed at different places
Data of different application places at same place
Data of different applications stored at placed place
185. Functional dependency between two attributes or sets of attributes i.e. Q and P is
represented as………..
Q→P
QP
Q*P
Q+P
186. Which of the following is not the component of Relational Data Model?
Integrity Constraint
Manipulation Language
Relation / Table
Domain Constraint
187. The attribute that is calculated from other attribute is called………..
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Derived attribute
Multi-valued attribute
Composite attribute
Simple attribute
188. Consider the two attributes “CNIC_NO” and “Registration_NO”. Both the
attributes can be used for the unique identification. Now if the user selects the
“CNIC_NO” as primary key, then “Registration_NO” is a……….key.
Foreign
Secondary
Primary
Alternative
189. Which of the following constraint is included in the definition of the table?
Default value
Domain
Foreign key
Null
190. The database deals with large amount of dat This property is called
Database design
Scalability
Concurrency
Robustness
191. Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of meta data?
Data about data
Describes a data dictionary
Self-describing
Includes user data
192. Theta join is denoted mathematically as………..
RXS
RX
RXꝊS
RX RS
193. In cross reference matrix transitions are specified on……….and database objects
are specified on………..
Y axis, X axis
X axis, Y axis
X axis, X axis
Y axis, Y axis
194. Each component of DBMS performs…………..functions.
Similar
Different
Identical
Computational
195. Which of the following data model is not record based?
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Hierarchical Data Model
Network Data model
Semantic Data model
Relational Data model
196. The basic purpose of Diamond in ER diagram is to show the…………….
Attributes
Relationships
Composite attribute
Entity set
197. Which of the following tool is used to design conceptual database design?
SQL
MS Access
Oracle
This model is independent of any tool
198. In “One to Many” cardinality one instance of a relation is mapped with………..
Many instances of second entity type
One instance of second entity type
Primary key of second relation
Foreign key of second relation
199. Cross reference matrix is developed at the…………stage of the database.
Analysis
Designing
Implementation
Application
200. The population of the data of the organization for which the database is created
is called the……….of the Database.
Extension
Intension
Model
Schema
201. User rights information is stored in………..
Physical database
Catalog Page 46
Logical database
Buffer
202. Logical data independency provides independency to change in………..model.
External
Logical
Conceptual
Internal
203. In natural join the common attribute in the output table appears……..
Twice
Three times
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Four times
Once
204. Which levels are mostly used for detailed DFD?
Level-0, Level-1
Level-1, Level-2
Level-2, Level-3
Level-3, Level-4
205. By default, a non-key attribute in a relation can have __________________ value.
Binary
Null
Character
Integer
206. The Three levels architecture is useful for __________.
Arranging the data in an organized manner
Hiding the details of internal systems
Breaking the data access restriction
Storing definitions of the structures
207. With the help of _________ technique data values with the smaller sized codes
can further reduce the space needed by the data for storage in the database.
Compression
Expansions
Negation
Extension

208. If an entity is linked with itself, then it is called _________ relationship.

Binary
Ternary
Nary
Recursive
209. Duplication of data in controlled redundancy is controlled and ______.
Deliberate
Necessary
Precise
Unintentional
210. Teleprocessing is a sub-type of _____.
Single user database
Multi-user database
File server
Client server
211. In an ERD, the focus is on the ____ and the relationships between them.
Attributes
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Entities
Keys
Indexes
212. The most widely used conceptual model is the _____ model.
Implementation
ER
Object oriented
Internal
213. Student and book are two entities, what is the cardinality between the two?
Many to one
One to many
Many to many
One to one
214. RDM is a simple there is just one structure and that is ______.
A relation or a table
E-R model
Attributes
Data model
215. A description on a particular collection of data using the given data model is
__________.
Database
Relation
Schema Page 18
None
216. Consider thy key “CNIC, Name” and choose the best option that describes the key
most effectively.
The given key is a super key and alternate key.
The given key is not a super key but a candidate key.
The given key is a super key and candidate key as well.
The given key is a super key but not a candidate key.
217. Normalization is a process of restructuring a relation to
Minimize duplication of data in a database
Maximize duplication of data to ensure reliability
Make if of uniform size
Allow addition of data
218. Unary relationship involves a single entity it is also called……….
One to one relationship
One to many relationship
Many to many relationship
Recursive relationship
219. Which of the following is a part of a DFD but not included in the ERD?
The attribute having a single instance
The external entity having a single instance
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The relationship having a single instance
The role having a single instance
220. The database management system (DBMS) is used to………..
Store the data
Access the data
Manage its users
All of the above
221. A table can be logically connected to another table by defining a……..
Hyper link
Common attribute
Primary key
Super key
222. In cross reference matrix attributes are mentioned on……….and reports are
mentioned on…………
Y axis, X axis
Y axis, Z axis
X axis, Y axis
X axis, Z axis
223. Data Redundancy means
Security of data
Duplication of data
Management of data
Recovery of data
224. Which of the following is a type of dependency?
DBMS
ERD
DFD
Referential
225. In your opinion, why relational database is widely acceptable?
Due to its complexity
Due to its approach
Due to its dependencies
Due to its strength
226. …………is the first comprehensive complete database design.
Logical database design
Relational database design
Conceptual database design
Hierarchical database design
227. How data security can be assured in the database?
By hiding data from all
Through concurrent access of users
By asking users not to share things
Implementing encryption algorithms
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228. The attributes whose value is not stored in a database is known as………. attribute.
Stored
Single value
Multi value
Derived
229. Logical database design, like conceptual database design is our……….
Data model
Weak entity set
Strong entity set
Database design
230. Database is a computerized representation of any organization’s flow of………and
storage of………
Data, information
Details, data
Data, details
Information, data
231. In which stage of the database development process logical design is created?
Requirement analysis
Database design
Physical design
Implementation
232. Which of the following is NOT an entity?
Employee
Hobby
Student
Playground
233. After moving the determined columns from the original table to the new table
while converting to 2NF, the determinate becomes the………..of the new table
Primary key
Foreign key
Secondary key
Composite key
234. The select operation works horizontally on the table, on the other hand the
…………..operates on a single table vertically.
Binary operator
Project operator Page 150
Join operator
Select operator
235. Free standing data dictionary is created by Using……….
DFD
Database
CASE tools Page 65
Cross reference matrix
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236. A patient can be an outdoor or indoor. Analyze this statement and tell what type
of constraint will be applied on patient?
Total completeness
Partial completeness
Total disjoint
Partial disjoint
237. If A → B and A → C, then A → B The inference Rule applies is:
Union Page 166
Decomposition
Augmentation
Reflexivity
238. Which of the following is the correct abbreviation of ERD?
Entity relationship diagram
Entity relation diagram
Entity reality diagram
Entity real distance
239. Database relation is also represented in a two dimensional structure called…….
Row
Table
Entity
Column
240. Data about data is metadata
True
False
241. Which of the following describes the job of a database administrator?
Development, implementation operation of the physical database
Creation of the system catalog
Monitoring and controlling database security and authorization: setting up
controls to ensure the quality and integrity of data
All of the above
242. Each table must have a………key.
Primary
Secondary
Logical
Foreign
243. A relational database system is based on the concept(s) of…………..
A network of data records
Nested tables
Tables, row and columns
A tree-like structure of data
244. A → BC and A → B, then A → C follow…………inference rule.
Augmentation
Transitivity
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Projectivity Page 166
Additivity
245. Suppose, we have two entities “shape” and “triangle”, then which of the following
is a correct statement?
Shape is a super type entity and triangle is a sub type entity
Shape is a sub type entity and triangle is a super type entity
Shape and triangle both are super type entities
Shape and triangle both are sub type entities
246. The entity that is NOT dependent on any other entity for its existence is known as
………..entity.
Weak
Strong
Derived
Dependent
247. In Cross Reference Matrix attributes are specified on………….
X axis
Y axis
Z axis
None of the above
248. Which of the following clarify the semantics of a relationship?
Entity
Roles
Relationship set
Participants
249. How many types of cardinalities is specified about relationship?
Two
One
Three
Four
250. Which of the following is NOT a component of a DFD?
Dataflow
Datastore
External entities
Relationship between external entities
251. Which of the following provides us the facility to add properties of one entity to
another entity automatically?
Abstraction
Encapsulation
Inheritance
Dependencies
252. If there is more than one relationship between two entities and we mentioned
role on the relationship link, then it is called:
Unary relationship
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Binary relationships
Ternary relationships
Multiple relationships
253. Which one of the following is not an advantage of DBMS.
Data consistency
Recovery procedure is difficult
Faster development of new applications
Better backup and recovery procedures
254. In many to many relationships a third table is created for the relationship, which
is also called as……….
Binary relation
Associative entity type
Unary relationship
Composite attributes
255. When one entity instance of another entity for its existence, then it is called……..
Existence dependency
Identifier dependency
Referential dependency
Acceptance dependency
256. Relational data model is widely accepted due to its mathematically proven
foundation and its………
Complexity
Simplicity
Hierarchical structure
Traditional structure
257. If an entity “motor cycle” is associated with at most one “driver”, then the
relationship between these two entities is:
One to one
One to many
Many to many
Many to one
258. Database application is a program which is used for performing certain operations
such as………….
Insertion of data
Extraction of data
Updating the data
All of above
259. Creating the relationships between new tables and their predecessors through the
use of foreign keys is general requirements of…………
First normal form
Second normal form
Third normal form
Fourth normal form
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260. In…………..the domains of attributes of a relation are atomic, that is they consist of
single units that cannot be broken down further.
First normal form Page 167
Second normal form
Third normal form
Augmentation
261. Atomicity is a feature of………….
1NF
2NF
3NF
BCNF
262. The…………….can see entire information structure of the database.
BA
DBTG
Database user
External viewer
263. The attribute whose value is not stored in a database is known as…………..
attribute.
Stored
Single value
Multi value
Derived
264. ………….are the structure defined for placing data in the attributes while designing
physical design of database.
Objects
Variables
Attributes
Data types
265. Suppose a relation has five columns and ten rows, select the correct option to
identify the degree of relation.
Five
Ten
Fifteen
Twenty
266. Which feature of database provides conversion from inconsistent state of DB to a
consistent state ensuring minimum data loss?
User accessible catalog
Data processing
Recovery service
Authorization service
267. The maximum PL/SQL size of data type “VARCHAR2” in DBMS is………bytes.
42767
52767
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32767
28767
268. …………..is state of database where a “course” cannot be inserted in the table,
because this course has not been registered to any “student”.
Insertion anomaly
Deletion anomaly
Updation anomaly
Redundancy
269. The maximum PL/SQL size of data type “BLOB” in DBMS is………….
4 gigabytes
8 gigabytes
10 gigabytes
12 gigabytes
270. …………… states that in a relation no attribute of a primary key (PK) can have a null
value.
Referential integrity constraint
Null constraint
Domain constraint
Entity integrity constraint
271. A database state where deletion of the information about the student record
deletes the course information as well is called…………
Insertion anomaly
Updation anomaly
Redundancy
Deletion anomaly
272. An entity type is
Defined when the database is actually constructed
A specific type such as an integer, text, date, logical et
A coherent set of similar objects that we want to store data on (e.g. STUDENTS,
COURSE, CAR)
273. Defined by the database designer "Select" and "project" are the examples of……….
Unary operation
Binary operation
Ternary operation
Nary operation
274. External scheme evolves as user needs are………….over the time.
Ends
Modified
Switch
Stable
275. An attribute that is the collection of some other attribute(s) is known as
……………..attribute.
Multi-valued
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Single-valued
No-valued
Composite
276. Which of the following is correct regarding Dataflow diagram?
The dataflow must be bidirectional.
Created at increasing levels of detail
Single DFD is required to represent a system
Used to represent the relationships among the external entities
277. Used to represent the relationships among the external entities………..are those
attributes that are a combination of two or more than two attributes.
Default value
Null value
Primary key
Composite attributes
278. Controlling redundancy in a database management system DOES NOT help to
avoid duplication
avoid unnecessary wastage of storage space
avoid unauthorized access to data
avoid inconsistency among data
279. Which of the following concepts is applicable with respect to 3NF?
Full functional dependency
Any kind of dependency
Transitive dependency
Partial functional dependency
280. Identify the operation which is NOT one of the parts of the five basic set
operations in relational algebra?
Join
Union
Cartesian Product
Set Difference
281. Making a change to the conceptual schema of a database but not affecting the
existing external schemas is an example of
Physical data independence.
Concurrency control.
Logical data independence.
Functional dependency
282. For third normal form we concentrate on relations with one………….key, and we
eliminate transitive dependencies
Candidate
Composite
Super key
Primary key
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283. The entity relationship diagram is used to graphically represent the……..database
model.
Condensed
Physical
Logical
Conceptual
284. The……………determines that the link between two entities is optional or
mandatory.
Maximum cardinality
Minimum cardinality
Maximum degree
Minimum degree
285. Select the most appropriate statement. Which of the following data model is used
to design logical database design?
Relational
Hierarchal
object oriented
Any model can be used
286. The process of defining one or more subtypes of a super type and forming
relationships is known as
Aggregation.
Generalization
Specialization
Selecting classes.
287. The………………is performed to select certain rows or tuples of a table, so it
performs its action on the table horizontally.
Binary operator
Project operator
Join operator
Select operator Page 149
288. If an instance of an entity can exists without being linked with an instance of
another entity then the minimum cardinality has to be……….
Zero
One Page 142
Two
Compulsory
289. Which of the following might be represented with a multivalued attribute?
Book title
Class location
Person's name
Bank account balance
290. If B is a subset of A, then A This also implies that A A always holds. The inference
Rule applies is:
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Additivity
Projectivity
Decomposition
Reflexivity Page 166
291. If we have A B then A BC The inference Rule applies is:
Union
Decomposition
Augmentation Page 166
Reflexivity
292. If A→ B and CB → D, then AC → 1. The above rule follows inference rule.?
Additivity
Projectivity
Decomposition
Pseudo transitivity Page 166
293. Which of the following is a completeness constraint?
Total generalization Constraint
Hybrid completeness Constraint
Partial Completeness Constraint
Partial generalization Constraint
294. The outcome of…………phase is the conceptual database design, which is drawn
through E-R model.
Logical
Physical
Analysis Page 122
Conclusion
295. In data flow diagram……….symbol is used to represents data flows.
Arrow
Circle
Square
Diamond
296. The primary key of EMP table is………….whereas foreign key of EMP table is……….
depId, empId
empId, depId
depId, empName
empName, depId
297. …………are those languages in which what to do and how to do on the database is
require
SQL
Procedural Page 147
Non-procedural
Relational calculus
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298. Suppose that “Program” is an entity which represents different courses are being
offered by an institute, like MCS, BCS et Following are the major attributes of this entity.
Identify the attribute which can be used as primary key.
Max-Duration
Program-Code
Program-level
No-of-Semesters
299. The following is an example of…………..inference rule. If stId → prName and
prName → credits then stId → credits
Augmentation
Transitivity Page 166
Projectivity
Additivity
300. ………is used to find out that what values or attributes will appear in which reports,
for this purpose the major item names are written in the row wise order and the reports
which will be generated will be written in column wise order.
Context Diagram
Data Flow Diagram
Cross Reference Matrix Page 115
Entity Relationship Diagram
301. The attribute HOBBY can have more than one values in ER The HOBBY is a
………..attribute.
Derived
Composite
Multi valued
Single-valued
302. The relationship between department to employees is……….
One to many
One to one
Many to one
Many to many
303. Suppose we have a list of bank customers which availed loan facility from different
branches of a bank. If we want to get a list of all customers and the amount of the loans
excluding branch name. Which of the following operation allows us to generate this
relation?
Project
Union
Set difference
Cartesian product
304. Which of the following provides us data independency?
3-Level Architecture
Inter Schema Mapping
Cross Reference Matrix
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The Traditional File Organization
305. Conceptual database design, expressed in E-R data model can be implemented
using any……….
Software
Data model
Operating system
Database Management System (DBMS)
306. Which of the following might be represented with a single-valued attribute?
Person's hobby
Person's phone number
Computer’s processor speed
Employee's educational background
307. Which of the following data model has the following components?
1. Construct (Tables)
2. Manipulation language (SQL)
3. Integrity constraints?
Semantic
Relational
Conceptual
Entity Relationship
308. In student entity which of the following is the best example of multivalued
attribute?
Student id
CNIC number
Email address
Registration number
309. Which of the following tool is used to graphically represent the components and
design of the system?
CRF
EDF
CRM
DFD
310. In which normal form, we convert composite attributes into individual attributes?
1NF
3NF
2NF
4NF
311. …………of the Database is most difficult to change when a database is create
Intention
Expansion
Extension
Indentation
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312. In Database development process, which phase involves designing of any new
application for the enhancement of the system?
Testing phase
Analysis phase
Maintenance phase
Implementation phase
313. Relational Data model is created in the………..phase.
Logical design
Physical design
Analysis
Preliminary Study
314. Database system saves lots of efforts and finances, this advantage provides
……………..
Economy of scale
Time saving structure
Batter concurrency control
Faster Application Development
315. Data inconsistency leads to a number of problems such as……….
Data isolation
less secure data
Slow database development
loss of information and incorrect results
316. A row of a table represents a………., whereas the column of the table represents
the……………
Property, tuple
Attribute, record
Property, record
Record, attribute
317. Every primary key (PK) will be a candidate key and every candidate key will be a
………….
Super key
Foreign key
Primary key
Alternate key
318. If we want to include attributes from two different relations, which of the
following operations will be used?
Union
Select
Project
Difference
319. When have two entities “Person” and “Doctor. Which of all is best suitable type
of relationship between the mentioned entities?
Sub type
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Uni type
Semi type
None of these
320. Which of the following normal form deals with possible loss less decompositions?
5NF
3NF
2NF
4NF
321. In Relational Data Model, the…………of a relation is the number of columns in that
relation.
Domain
Degree Page 133
Cardinality
Constraint
322. Which of the following constraint states that in a relation, no attribute of a primary
key (PK) can have null value?
Default
Domain
Entity Integrity
Referential integrity
323. Which of the following constraint means that if we do not give any value to any
particular attribute, it will be given a certain value?
Domain
Default
Entity Integrity
Referential integrity
324. From the following who is responsible for proper working of the database and
DBMS?
Database administrator
Data administrator
Database administrator user
None of these
325. In the below entity type which attribute can work as an alternate key? Employee
(Reg# Primary key,Name,CNIC,designation,address,phone)
CNIC
Phone
Address
Designation
326. Which of the following is not the component of Relational Data Model?
Manipulation Language
SQL Language
High level language
None of these
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327. …………are those attributes that are a combination of two or more than two
attributes.
Null value
Primary key
Default value
Composite attributes
328. Which of the following Greek letter is used to denote the select operation?
σ
£
π
Ω
329. A relationship that involves three entities called…………
N-ary relationship
Unary relationship
Binary relationship
Ternary relationship
330. Once the data has been transported to the physical level it is then managed by the
……….
System analysis
Data analysis
Network analysis
None of these
331. Which of the following is not a part of the Database Application Development
Process?
Validation
Implementation
Database Design
Application Programs
332. Changes at………levels of database architecture need……..levels of user’s attention.
Different, different Page 34
Major, Different
Major, major
None of these
333. The total participation by entities is represented in E-R diagram as
Circle
Double lines
Dashed line
Double rectangle
334. A key which consist of two or more attributes is called………
Primary key
Candidate key
Secondary key
Composite key
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335. The Entity Relationship Model consists of the following major constructs…….
Entity, Attribute and relationship
Entity, relationship
Entity, attribute
Attribute, relationship
336. Which model operates at the lowest level of abstraction?
External
Internal
Physical
Conceptual
337. Candidate keys, which are not selected as primary key are called………
Foreign Keys
Alternate key.
Secondary Keys
Composite Keys
338. In which phase of Database development process, specific Database management
system (DBMS) is chosen?
Logical design
Physical Design
Conceptual Design
Development Phase
339. Entities enrolled in a relationship are called its…………
Roles
Symbols
Instances
Participants
340. Which of the following is correct about Database modeling?
Process of creating the schemas of the database.
Process of creating the logical structure of the database.
Process of creating the physical structure of the database.
Process of creating the logical structure of the database
341. In a three-level DBMS architecture, the………level interacts directly with the users.
Internal
Physical
External
Conceptual
342. Which model operates at the lowest level of abstraction?
Internal
External
Physical
Logical
343. From the following, who is responsible for proper working of the database and
DBMS?
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Sophisticated user
Database designer
Admin of the application
Database administrator
344. RDM is simple there is just one structure and that is…………
Attributes
E-R model
Data model
A Relation or a table
345. A………..is used to combine rows from two or more tables, based on a related
column between them.
Select operator
Project operator
Join operation
Delete operator
346. While mapping…………relationship, primary key of the entity type against one side
of relationship will be included in the entity type on the many side of the relationship as
foreign key.
One to many
Many to many
One to one
Many to one
347. Which of the following normal form deals with multivalued dependency?
4NF
1NF
2NF
3NF
348. In three level architecture of the database, which view is called community view
of the database?
Design view
Internal view
External view
Conceptual view
349. The………….rule specifies that an entity can be a member of only one subtype at a
time.
Disjoint
Inclusion
Exclusion
Removal
350. An attribute in a relation is a foreign key if the……….key from one relation is used
as an attribute in that relation.
Sub
Soper
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Primary
Candidate
351. ……………..are used by database administrator in situations where we have large
number of records and wastage of small amount of space in each record can lead to loss
of huge amount of data storage space.
Code Page 185
Symbols
Variables
Special characters
352. …………is the first computer-based approach for handling the commercial or
business applications.
Scientific systems
Database system Page 12
Record base system
File processing system
353. Consider an employee is allotted an organization vehicle, which might solely be
driven by that employee. What kind of relationship exists between employee and
company?
One to many
Many to many
One to one
Many to one
354. Which of the following change can cause problem in database levels?
Adding a new field in a file
Adding a file to the database
Changing the type of a specific field
Deleting an attribute from the database structure
355. Which of the following is incorrect about attributes?
Name and the domain, are part of an attribute.
One entity type may have two attributes with same name.
One entity type cannot have two attributes with same name.
Different entity types may have attributes with the same name.
356. A Database System is designed to meet the information needs of…….in an
organization.
Single user
Multiple users Page10
Application user
Database administrator
357. The DBMS uses the……..to access the database at each layer or model.
Mapping rules
Data about data
Data about data
Data dictionary Page 65
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358. Which type of Data flow diagram (DFD) explains the functionality of the
processes?
Level 0 diagram
Detailed diagram
Level “Not” diagram
Context level diagram
359. A relationship is an association between two entities, or between an entity and
itself. The diamond symbol for a relationship is …………. if one of the participants is
dependent on the other.
Single
Dotted
Double
None of these
360. In entity relationship diagram an instance is………
any particular entity
an attribute of an entity
a special type of relation
a particular occurrence of an entity
361. In database development process, which of the following is related to
requirement gathering phase?
Proper study of system
Detailed study of system
Detailed study of database
Detailed study of application
362. In data flow diagram (DFD)……………is a repository for the storage of the dat
Process
Schema
Data store Page 57
Data dictionary
363. Which of the following is NOT the type of key?
Super key
Primary key
Derived key Page 81
Candidate key
364. In an employee entity which of the following attribute will work as a primary key?
Salary
Zipcode
Address
Employee id
365. Which is not correct according to Data Flow Diagrams?
DFDs are simple, and hide complexities.
DFDs provide us a way of expressing decision points.
DFDs show the flow of data between different processes of a specific system.
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DFDs are Descriptive and create links between processes which describe the
information flow.
366. When data stored onto a magnetic media, it is stored in………
Text format
Numeric from
Binary format
Encrypted form
367. Which of the following is the second stage in the Database Development Process?
Physical Design
Database Design
Preliminary Study
Requirement Analysis
368. Which of the following is called a replacement of the manual file system?
Recode based system
File processing system
Commercial applications
Computer network system
369. The function that an entity plays in a relationship is called that entity’s……….
Role
Position
Instance
Participation
370. Which of the following database environment causes a network overhead?
Single user
File server
Client server
Teleprocessing
371. Internal schema/view defines the………of the dat
Source
Structure Page 34
Transaction
Functionality
372. In database development process, proper study of the system is called……
System analysis
Preliminary Study Page 51
Requirement analysis
Real word scenario study
373. Which of the following belongs to the Semantic Data Model?
ER- Data Model Page 69
Network Data model
Hierarchical Data model
Record Based Data Model
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374. Suppose we have two entities department and University.Which type of
dependency exists between these two entities?
Integral
Identifier
Existence
Referential
375. In Relational Data model, an attribute is a………..in a relation.
Row
Value
Tuples
Column
376. The external entity having only a single instance will be a part of…….but will not
be a part of……….
RDM, DFD
ERD, RDM
DFD, ERD Page 114
ERD, DFD
377. Consider the following two tables: EMP (empId, empName, qual, depId)DEPT
(depId, depName, numEmp)The primary key of EMP table is……..whereas foreign key of
EMP table is……..
empId, depId Page 133
depId, empId
depId, empName
empName, depId
378. The RDM(Relational Data Model) is popular due to its two major strengths and
they are…………
Simplicity/ Weak Mathematical Foundation
Complexity/Easy Mathematical Foundation
Simplicity/ Strong Mathematical Foundation Page 125
Complexity/ Weak Mathematical Foundation
379. The………….model is independent of any tool or data model.
Network
Relational
Hierarchal
Entity Relationship Page 122
380. In ABC textile factory, there are two types of employees, one which are fixed salary
employees and the others are hourly paid employees. But the rule is, an employee can be
either an hourly paid employee or salaried employee, he can not be placed in both the
categories in parallel. It is the example………constraint.
Dis-jointness rule
Total completeness
Referential integrity
Partial completeness
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381. In Relational Data model, a record or an entity instance is represented as……..in a
relation.
Row
Value
Column
Attribute
382. …………..is the next stage of conceptual database design.
Testing
Coding
Deployment
Logical database design
383. In………….database design, an appropriate data model is chosen, and it becomes
tool……….
Logical, independent
Logical, dependent Page 122
Conceptual, dependent
Conceptual, independent
384. Which of the following constraint states that if a foreign key exists in a relation,
either the foreign key value must match the primary key value of some tuple in its home
relation or the foreign key value must be completely null?
Default
Domain
Entity Integrity
Referential integrity