ch.

7 - 4 questions Name ______________________________________

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QvsJlWm6zsY (first 3 minutes)

1. What did businesses do once the gov’t removed itself from controlling the economy?
raised prices they were forced to keep low

2. What was a result of gov’t removing itself from controlling the economy on the prices of goods and the cost
of living?
-people raced to buy rationed good along with high prices; led to rapid inflation with increasing prices on
nearly everything; factories laid off workers as soldiers were returning home looking for work (led to GI
BIll after WW2)

3. During the war, were labor unions popular? (highlight one) yes no

4. How many strikes occurred during the year 1919? Approximately how many workers went on strike?
--owners wanted to break union power; over 3,600 strikes occurred involving over 4 million workers

5. What was the general strike that occurred in Seattle after WWI?
-25,000 workers joined 35,000 shipyard workers in Seattle striking for 5 days paralyzing the city;
this was a common tactic in Europe (Communist and radical)

6. What type of strike occurred in Boston – meaning who went on strike and what happened as a result?
over 75% of the police forced striked causing riots and violence
7. What did Calvin Coolidge do in response to the riots (to get them under control)?
Gov. Calvin Coolidge to call in the National Guard when looting and rioting broke out; the police
were unable to get their jobs back and Coolidge gained much support

8. Where did the largest union strike in U.S. history take place and how many people went on strike?
--est. 350,000 steel workers went on strike for higher wages, lower hours and union recognition; US
Steel owners determined to break the union by blaming radicals in power and hiring minorities as
replacements; the strike collapsed
9. Was the union successful? (highlight one) yes no

10. How did the Great Migration lead to race issues in the north after the war? (the Great Migration was taught
in a previous section)
-returning soldiers unable to find housing and work blamed Af. Am. for their problems

11. Historians call the summer of 1919 the “red summer” due to the violence that occurred between races
throughout the US. How many race riots occurred that summer? ___25__

12. Where was the largest and most violent riot located? How long did they last?
the worst was in Chicago when a black teenager drowned in Lake Michigan leading to a 2 week riot
leaving more than 38 dead and over 500 injured
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RcR78NItUng (first 5 min.)

Amazon Prime: The Story of US - Season 1 Ep. 8 (Chicago Race Riot start at 24;54)
13. Why were the race riots of 1919 different than before?
-many Af. Am. felt inspired fighting for their country and were devoted to fighting back at home
while some felt their contributions were for nothing; NAACP membership rose after the war

14. What were some of the things that Americans blamed immigrants for doing since the late 1800’s?
-- bringing radical ideas such as Communist and socialism into the US
--these radicals inspired revolutions in Russia

15. What was “The Red Scare”? (This is the first Red Scare. A second - even larger - Red Scare occurred after
WW2. Ironically, both Red Scares after both world wars involved the same ‘enemy’. The Red Scare is not
to be confused with the ‘Red summer’ from a few questions ago involving violence in race. Reds are
referring to communists in this case. Not the Reds baseball team which was shortened from the Red
Stockings which was the first professional baseball team in 1869. Get it?)
A nationwide panic after WWI that Communists might seize power or inspire a communist
revolution in the US

16. Just a few months after the war ended, what did the post office intercept in the mail over 30 times?
--homemade bombs addressed to prominent Americans

17. What happened in June 1919 in 8 separate cities and what did it suggest?
-- bombs were set off in 8 different cities within minutes of each other suggesting a nationwide conspiracy

--3 months later, on Sept. 20, 1919 on Wall Street, NYC a massive 5oo lb. bomb killing almost 40 injuring
143 – this was the most deadly terrorists attack on US soil until 9/11

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPUf-ROG1JM

18. When the home of U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer had his house bombed, he created a special
division within the U.S. Justice Department to investigate. What did this special division become known
as? (the Attorney General of the US is the chief law enforcement officer - the ‘head policeman”) one of the
8 bombs set off was at his house. the special division within the Justice Department became known as the
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was formed to investigate security issues within the US

19. What kinds of people were targeted during the Palmer Raids?
--foreign born, examples were the Union of Russian Workers where in 12 cities, nearly 250 of these
workers were deported back to Russia

20. Despite Palmer becoming a national hero for his raids on foreigners, what did they fail to reveal?
--the Palmer Raids went through the spring of 1920 where suspects had many civil rights violated and
nearly 600 were deported without a court hearing. Yet these raids failed to turn up any hard evidence.
Nevertheless, the attack on Socialism was great and the 1920’s will see an attack on immigration into the
US
21. What did Warren G. Harding mean by a return to “normalcy”?
- Harding promised a return to the days before the Progressive Era reforms wanting to put
troubles behind them a more prosperous America