Communication mode – refers to the channel through which one expresses his/her

communicative intent. It is the medium through which one conveys his/her thoughts.

1. Face-to-Face Interaction- it is an informal or casual conversation between two or

more
people. People engage in social conversations to establish relationships or maintain
them.
As Diana Wheatley aptly puts it:
“Meaning is made in conversation,
Reality is created in communication,
And knowledge is generated through social interaction…
Language is the vehicle through which we create our understanding of the world.”

2. Video – web cameras are used so that two or more people who cannot interact face-
to-face can communicate. If there are no glitches encountered, this could be a very
effective mode of communication, especially for people separated by distance.

3. Audio – means transmitted sound. It is only the voice of the speaker is heard. The
audio communication mode is quite difficult, especially if you are listening to people
with different accents.
For instance, in relation with the World Englishes paradigm, other speakers of English
apart from those who speak it as native language may find it peculiar listening to the
accent of Filipinos.
Some of Filipinos are not able to distinguish the sound of /I/ and /i/ in English words, as
in the example sin and seen. Some are not able to produce the sound of hard and soft
/th/ and simply substitute /d/, as in the examples those and dos and thing and ting.
Some also interchange /v/
with /b/ and /f/ and /p/.

3. Text-based communication – such as e-mail, facsimile, text messaging, and instant

messaging.
Social networking sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram likewise offer text-
based interaction. While text-based communication does not originally provide provide
video and
audio benefits, it has a wider reach and can disseminate information to a bigger
audience quickly.
UNIT 3: INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
Lesson 1: Communication & Globalization

GLOBALIZATION

>is associated with deterritorialization.

>is linked to the growth of social interconnectedness across existing geographical and
political boundaries.
>should be conceived as a relatively long-term process.

FEATURES OF GLOBALIZATION
1)The emergence of transnational communication conglomerates as key players in the
Globalsystem.
2)The social impact of new technologies, especially those associated with satellite
Communication.
3) The asymmetric flow of information and communication products within the global
system.
4)The variations and inequalities in terms of access to the global networks of
communication.
5) The variations and inequalities in terms of access to the global networks of
communication.

MAJOR TRENDS IN GLOBALIZATION

1) Technology development has made globalization inevitable and irreversible.
2)Economic transformation has led to a new landscape of the economic world.

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION

> Globalization demands strong language abilities, particularly using language accurately
and appropriately. Effective communication includes responding to different levels of
formality, using varied sentence structures, and managing idiomatic and conceptual
language. English creativity is key to communication skills. People also need to
understand long-distance collaboration, cultural differences, and technological
communication tools. Recognizing how globalization influences these factors helps
students choose the best communication skills programs.

1) VIRTUAL INTERACTIONS
Globalization has made virtual communication and teamwork a big part of work life.
Modern business owners need to know the strengths and weaknesses of different
communication tools and how to use them well.
2) CULTURAL AWARENESS IN SPEECH.
The need for cultural awareness is a major impact of globalization on the required
skillset of effective communicators. Today’s business owners and workers need to
understand the subtle differences in how people speak when interacting with different
cultures.
Even when two people are speaking the same language, cultural differences can affect
vocabulary, colloquial expressions, voice tone, and taboo topics (Ingram,2009).

3) CULTURAL AWARENESS IN BODY LANGUAGE.

Awareness of cultural differences in body language can be just as important as the
nuances of speech. Students should understand acceptable speaking distances, conflict
styles, eye contact, and posture in different cultures, accepting that the physical
expressions of their own culture are not universally accepted. These differences should
be addressed to avoid difficulties or miscommunication.

4) TIME DIFFERENCES.
Global collaboration creates a new challenge: communicating across different time
zones. When working with people on the other side of the world, they might be sleeping
while others are working. Today's communication programs should help people
understand their coworkers' needs and adapt to different cultural communication styles.
Sharing information between shifts is essential for the productivity of global teams,
making it an important issue for many companies (Ingram, 2009).

THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN GLOBALIZATION

COMMUNICATION MEDIA - plays a significant role in constructing and representing the
phenomenon of globalization and subsequently changing educational and learning
processes.

LANGUAGE AND GLOBALIZATION

21ST CENTURY LANGUAGE has become the language that exists in the global world.

the terminologies in the globalizing society:

cHAT ROOM - internet feature that allows people to communicate in real-time.
COMPUTER LITERACY - internet literacy; ability to use computers.
CYBERSPACE - world wide web
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP - the creation of conscious critical forms of integration in the
globalizing society; a person utilizing technology (digital citizen)
DIGITAL COMPETENCE - confidence and critical use of information technology.
DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS - adults who adapt to their environment as they retain their
language; born before the widespread of technology.
DIGITAL NATIVES - young people who are native speakers of the digital language of
computers; born on the era of technology.
DIGITAL SKILLS - ability to evaluate a variety of technological solutions; more than just
knowing how to use a specific technology well.
EMOJI - the creation of a new alphabet; pictograph
EMOTICON - words without letters conveying emotional responses
ETHNOSCAPE – the landscape of persons who form the shifting world where we live
HYPERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION – computer-mediated communication that is more
socially desirable than face-to-face communication.
IDEOSCAPE - the movement of ideologies
MEDIASCAPE - pertains to the electronic and print media in global cultural flows.
MEDIAMORPHOSIS - transformation of communication media
OMG - Oh My God!
SELFIE - an ego-manical madness; gives focus on an individual
STREAMING MULTIMEDIA - live audio and video available on a website
TECHNOSCAPE – the movement of technology
TELEMATIC NETWORK - convergence of telecommunications and information processing
VIRTUAL COMMUNITY – a community that exists in the world of electronic
communication rather than in the physical world
VIRTUAL REALITY - the use of a computer to simulate an experience in a way that is
obscure from reality

LOCAL AND GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN A MULTICULTURAL SETTING

Communication is guided by culture and context. It is predicted by the type of culture
dictated by its context.
CULTURE - is manifested in our actions and affects how we tell the world who we are
and what we believe in. It is the basis for how we behave in a certain communication
context.
CONTEXT - brings a better understanding of culture in general and our own culture. It
refers to anything that refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambiance surrounding an
event (Edward T. Hall)
GLOBAL COMMUNICATION – has turned out to be a modifying factor of local
communication.It attempts to bring changes that affect communication conventions.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION - a discipline that focuses on how culture affects
communication. It is the ability to understand and value cultural differences.
LANGUAGE - is a component that is linked to intercultural understanding. Enhancing oral
and written communication in intercultural environments is a way to achieve
intercultural competence.
GRICE’S PRINCIPLE OF COOPERATIVE CONVERSATION

1) MAXIM OF RELATION - every interlocutor should be relevant in a conversation,

requiring
them to respond based on cultural and contextual requirements.
2) MAXIM OF QUANTITY - every interlocutor should observe a “fair-share-talk time.”
3) MAXIM OF QUALITY - the truth value of a message should be held primarily in a
conversation.
The accuracy of the message should always be upheld. It should not go beyond what is
true nor deduced in its essence.
4) MAXIM OF MANNER - the manner of saying a word is more regarded than its content.

THE ABC’S OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

• Communication is complex because of the cultural and contextual factors embedded in
it.