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Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is one of the most widely celebrated festivals in
India and among Indian communities worldwide. It is a festival of lights that
symbolizes the victory of light over darkness and good over evil. Diwali usually falls between October and November, depending on the lunar calendar, and spans five days of celebration. Origins and Significance: Hinduism: Diwali is primarily associated with Hinduism. The festival marks the return of Lord Rama to his kingdom of Ayodhya after 14 years of exile, during which he defeated the demon king Ravana. The people of Ayodhya lit lamps to welcome him, and this is the origin of the festival of lights. Other Religions: o Jainism: For Jains, Diwali marks the spiritual victory of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, over ignorance and the attainment of Nirvana. o Sikhism: Sikhs celebrate Diwali to mark the release of Guru Hargobind Ji from imprisonment, as well as the celebration of the foundation of the Golden Temple in Amritsar. o Buddhism: In some Buddhist traditions, Diwali is celebrated as the day when Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism and spread its teachings. Traditions and Celebrations: Lighting Diyas (Oil Lamps): One of the most iconic customs of Diwali is the lighting of small oil lamps called diyas, which are placed around homes, temples, and streets to symbolize the triumph of light over darkness and to invite prosperity and good fortune. Fireworks: Fireworks are a significant part of Diwali celebrations, as they are believed to ward off evil spirits. The vibrant explosions and colorful displays of fireworks light up the night sky. Rangoli and Decorations: People decorate their homes with rangoli, colorful patterns made from powders, flowers, and colored rice. Homes are also adorned with lights, flowers, and other decorative items to create a festive atmosphere. Gifts and Sweets: Exchanging gifts and sweets with family, friends, and neighbors is a common Diwali tradition. Sweets like laddoos, barfis, and gulab jamuns are prepared, and new clothes are worn to mark the occasion. Puja (Prayer Rituals): Diwali is marked by special prayers and rituals, often dedicated to Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, prosperity, and wisdom. People perform the Lakshmi Puja to seek her blessings for the year ahead. Feasting and Socializing: Families come together to celebrate Diwali with a grand feast, featuring traditional dishes and treats. The festival is a time for joy, unity, and strengthening bonds within families and communities. Environmental Concerns: In recent years, there has been growing concern about the environmental impact of Diwali, especially due to excessive fireworks and air pollution. Many individuals and communities are now opting for eco-friendly celebrations, using fewer fireworks and promoting the use of energy-efficient lighting and sustainable decorations. Diwali remains a joyous and vibrant festival, uniting people in celebration, spirituality, and community. It’s a time of renewal, reflection, and hope for the future.