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    SURGERY - Spontaneous Pneumothorax.pdf

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    Smruti Vaity

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    SURGERY - Spontaneous Pneumothorax.pdf

    Uploaded by

    Smruti Vaity
    10 views3 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views3 pages

    SURGERY - Spontaneous Pneumothorax.pdf

    Uploaded by

    Smruti Vaity

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE

    SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
    CLINICAL CLERKS

    Groups (per shift):


    ● Team A (Regular Batch)
    ○ Bathina, Himanayani Santoshika
    ○ Rathod, Giricharan
    ○ Narapureddy, Prasanna
    ● Team B (Midyear Batch)
    ○ Shinde, Anuja
    ○ Makam, Krithika
    ○ Kurkute, Srushti
    ● Team C (Regular Batch)
    ○ Podapati, Venkata Komala
    ○ Saajidha, Abdul Majeed
    ● Team D (Regular Batch)
    ○ Feratero, Raniela Maria B.
    ○ Vanity, Smruti Mahesh

    Group Members:
    ● Bathina, Himanayani Santoshika
    ● Rathod, Giricharan
    ● Podapati, Venkata Komala
    ● Saajidha, Abdul Majee
    ● Feratero, Raniela Maria B.
    ● Vaity, Smruti Mahesh
    ● Shinde, Anuja
    ● Makam, Krithika
    ● Kurkute, Srushti
    ● Narapureddy, Prasanna

    Rotation Date: September 23 - October 20, 2024

    Date/time: September 27, 2024, Friday, 10:00 AM

    Title: Case Presentation

    Topic: Spontaneous Pneumothorax

    Moderator: Dr. Oracion


    SESSION NOTES/MINUTES

    Spontaneous Pneumothorax
    ● A spontaneous pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space without any
    preceding trauma or medical intervention. This air collection disrupts the normal negative
    pressure that keeps the lung inflated, causing partial or complete lung collapse.
    ● It is classified into two types:
    ○ Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP)
    ○ Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (SSP)

    Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP) vs. Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax


    (SSP)
    ● Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP)
    ○ Occurs in patients without underlying lung disease, often in young, tall, thin
    males.
    ○ Risk factors include smoking and family history.
    ○ Usual age: <30 years old
    ○ Symptoms: May be asymptomatic; dominated by pain
    ● Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (SSP)
    ○ Occurs in patients with underlying lung pathology (e.g., COPD, asthma, TB,
    cystic fibrosis).
    ○ More severe in presentation due to compromised lung function.
    ○ Usual age: >45 years old
    ○ Symptoms: Dominated by shortness of breath

    Tension Pneumothorax
    ● A medical emergency. Develops when air accumulates in the pleural space with no
    escape, causing increased pressure that compresses vital structures (heart, great
    vessels).
    ● Signs of tension pneumothorax include: marked respiratory distress, hypotension and
    tachycardia, tracheal deviation away from the affected side, distended neck veins
    (jugular venous distension), and cyanosis.

    How to Rule-in/Rule-out Pneumothorax Without X-ray or Diagnostic Tools


    ● History and physical exam
    ○ Sudden onset of unilateral pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea.
    ○ Palpation: Reduced chest expansion and hyper-resonance on percussion.
    ○ Auscultation: Absent or decreased breath sounds on the affected side.
    ○ Tension pneumothorax suspicion: Clinical signs of shock (hypotension, tracheal
    deviation, jugular venous distension).
    ○ Careful observation of clinical signs and symptoms is essential to differentiate
    tension pneumothorax from non-tension types.

    Closed Tube Thoracostomy (CTT):


    ● CTT refers to Closed Tube Thoracostomy, NOT chest tube thoracostomy. It is the
    definitive treatment for pneumothorax, particularly for large or symptomatic cases. In this
    procedure, a chest tube is inserted to evacuate air from the pleural space and re-expand
    the lung.
    ● Indications for CTT:
    ○ Large pneumothorax
    ○ Symptomatic or progressive pneumothorax
    ○ Tension pneumothorax.

    COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS
    ● It was presented in a detailed manner demonstrating an understanding of the patient’s
    clinical presentation.
    ● Presenters were able to answer questions which lead to clarification of the topic/case.
    ● The discussion/Q&A about the ability to diagnose pneumothorax without immediate
    access to imaging tools demonstrated a good grasp of physical exam findings and
    clinical reasoning.

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