ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS

Date :28-07-2019 TEST ID: 407

Time : 13:30:00 PHYSICS
Marks : 3240
15.WAVES

Single Correct Answer Type

1. Doppler effect is applicable for

a) Moving bodies b) One is moving and other are stationary

c) For relative motion d) None of these

A student is performing the experiment of Resonance Column. The diameter of the

column tube is 4 cm . The frequency of the tuning fork is 512 Hz . The air temperature is
2.

38 ℃ in which the speed of sound is 336 m/s . The zero of the meter scale coincides with
the top end of the Resonance column tube. When the first resonance occurs, the reading
of the water level in the column is
a) 14.0 cm b) 15.2 cm c) 16.4 cm d) 17.6 cm

2 (b)
v
=f
4 (l+e)
V
⇒ l+e=
4f
V
⇒ l= −e
Here
4f

e=( 0.6 ) r=( 0.6 )( 2 ) =1.2cm

So
2
336 ×10
l= −1.2=15.2 cm
4 ×512

In a resonance pipe the first and second resonance are obtained with at depth 22.7 cm
and 70.2 cm respectively. What will be the correction?
3.

a) 1.05 cm b) 115.5 cm c) 92.5 cm d) 113.5 cm

When a sound wave goes from one medium to another, the quantity that remains
unchanged is
4.

a) Frequency b) Amplitude c) Wavelength d) Speed

Frequency of wave
4 (a)

is a function of the
source of waves.

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 Therefore, it
remains
unchanged.

Source of sound and the observer are mutually at rest. If speed of sound is changed,
then the frequency of sound heard by the observer will appear to be
5.

a) Increased b) Decreased

c) Unchanged d) Decreasing exponentially

The apparent change in the frequency of

5 (c)

the source due to a relative motion

between the source and observer is
known as Doppler’s effect. The perceived
frequency is given by
'
v =v
( )
v −v o
v−v s
Where v is original frequency, v the speed
of sound, v o speed of observer, v sthe
speed of source. In the given case there is
no relative motion between source and
observer, since both are at rest, hence
frequency of sound heard by the observer
will remain unchanged.

6. Which one of the following statements is true

a) Both light and sound waves in air are longitudinal

b) Both light and sound waves can travel in vacuum

c) Both light and sound waves in air are transverse

d) The sound waves in air are longitudinal while the light waves are transverse

6 (d

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7. An open tube is in resonance with string. If tube is dipped in water, so that 75% of
length of tube is inside water, then ratio of the frequency (v 0) of tube to string is
a) v b) 2 v c) 2 v d) 3 v
0 0 0 0
3 2
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A stretched string of length 𝒍 fixes at both ends can sustain stationary waves of
wavelength λ, given by
8.

a) λ =2𝒍n
2 2 2
b) ι c) ι d) n
λ= λ= λ=
n 2n 2ι
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=I ∨λ=
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A tuning fork of frequency 250 Hz produces a beat frequency of 10 Hz when sounded

with a sonometer vibrating at its fundamental frequency. When the tuning fork is filed,
9.

the beat frequency decreases. If the length of the sonometer wire is 0.5 m , the speed of
the transverse wave is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
260 m s 250 m s 240 m s 500 m s

10. In a resonance tube, using a tuning fork of frequency 325 Hz, two successive resonance
length are observed as 25.4 cm and 77.4 cm respectively. The velocity of sound in air is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
338 m s 328 m s 330 m s 320 m s

11. A pulse or a wave train travels along a stretched string and reaches the fixed end of the
string. It will be reflected back with
a) The same phase as the incident pulse but with velocity reversed

b) A phase change of 180°with no reversal of velocity

c) The same phase as the incident pulse with no reversal of velocity

d) A phase change of 180° with velocity reversed

12. An open organ pipe is closed suddenly with the result that the second overtone of the
closed pipe is found to be higher in frequency by 100 than the first overtone of the
original pipe. Then the fundamental frequency of the open pipe is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
200 s 100 s 300 s 250 s

13. With what velocity an observer should move relative to a stationary source so that he
hears a sound of double the frequency of source
a) Velocity of sound towards the source

b) Velocity of sound away from the source

c) Half the velocity of sound towards the source

d) Double the velocity of sound towards the source

14. A tuning fork vibrating with a sonometer having 20 cm wire produces 5 beats per second.
The beat frequency does not change if the length of the wire is changed to 21 cm . The
frequency of the tuning fork (in Hertz) must be
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 a) 200 b) 210 c) 205 d) 215

15. A stone is hung in air from a wire which is stretched over a sonometer. The bridges of
the sonometer are L cm apart when the wire is in unison with a tuning fork of frequency
N . When the stone is completely immersed in water, the length between the bridges is
l cm for re-establishing unison, the specific gravity of the material of the stone is
2 2 2 2 2 2
a) L b) L −l c) L d) L +l
2 2 2 2 2 2
L +l L L −l L

16. The phase difference between two points separated by 0.8 m in a wave of frequency 120
Hz is0.5 π . The wave velocity is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
144 m s 384 m s 256 m s 720 m s

17. Consider the following

I. Waves created on the surface of a water pond by a vibrating sources
II. Wave created by an oscillating electric field in air
III. Sound waves travelling under water
Which of these can be polarized
a) I and II b) II only c) II and III d) I, II and III

18. The temperature at which the speed of sound in air becomes double of its value at 27°C,
is
a) -123°C b) 927°C c) 327°C d) 54°C

19. An observer A sees an asteroid with a radioactive element moving by at a speed =0.3c
and measure the radioactivity decay time to beT A. Another observer B is moving with the
asteroid and measures its decay time as T B . Then T Aand T B are released as
a) T <T b) T =T

d) Either (A) or (c) depending on whether

B A A B

the a
steroid is approaching or moving away
c) T >T
B A

from A

20. In a resonance tube, using a tuning fork of frequency 325 Hz, two successive resonance
lengths are observed as 25.4 cm and 77.4 cm respectively. The velocity of sound in air is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
338 m s 328 m s 330 m s 320 m s

21. A simple harmonic progressive wave is represented by the equation

Y =8 sin 2 π (0.1 x−2 t)where x and y are in cm and t is in seconds. At any instant, the phase
difference between two particles separated by 2.0 cm in the x-direction is

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 a) 0 b) 0 c) 0 d) 0
18 54 36 72

The wavelength of two notes in air are m and m. each note produces 10 beats
22. 36 36

per second separately with a third note of fixed frequency. The velocity of sound in air in
195 193

m/s is
a) 330 b) 340 c) 350 d) 360

23. The intensity of sound wave while passing through an elastic medium falls down by 10%
as it covers one metre distance through the medium. If the initial intensity of the sound
wave was 100 decibels , its value after it has passed through 3 metre thickness of the
medium will be
a) 70 decibel b) 72.9 decibel c) 81 decibel d) 60 decibel

24. Tuning fork F 1 has a frequency of 256 Hz and it is observed to produce 6 beats/second
with another tuning fork F 2 . When F 2 is loaded with wax, it still produces 6 beats/second
with F 1 . The frequency of F 2 before loading was
a) 253 Hz b) 262 Hz c) 250 Hz d) 259 Hz

25. Two closed organ pipes, when sounded simultaneously gave 4 beats per sec. If longer
pipe has a length of 1 m. Then length of shorter pipe will be, (v=300 m/s)
a) 185.5 cm b) 94.9 cm c) 90 cm d) 80 cm

26. When two tuning forks (fork 1 and fork 2) are sounded simultaneously, 4 beats/s are
heard. Now, some tape is attached on the prong of the fork2. When the tuning fork are
sounded again, 6 beats/s are heard. If the frequency of fork 1 is 200Hz, then what was
the original frequency of fork 2?
a) 200 Hz b) 202 Hz c) 196 Hz d) 204 Hz

27. Four wires of identical length, diameters and of the same material are stretched on a
sonometre wire. If the ratio of their tensions is 1 : 4 : 9 : 16 then the ratio of their
fundamental frequencies are
a) 16 : 9 : 4 : 1 b) 4 : 3 : 2 : 1 c) 1 : 4 : 2 : 16 d) 1 : 2 : 3 : 4

28. A wavelength 0.60 cm is produced in air and it travels at a speed of 300 m s−1 . It will be an

a) Audible wave b) Infrasonic wave c) Ultrasonic wave d) None of the above

29. A wire under tension vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 600 Hz. If the length of

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 the wire is doubled, the radius is halved and the wire is made to vibrate under one-ninth
the tension. Then the fundamental frequency will become
a) 400 Hz b) 600 Hz c) 300 Hz d) 200 Hz

30. A long glass tube is held vertically in water. A tuning fork is struck and held over the
tube. Strong resonances are observed at two successive lengths 0.50 m and 0.84 m
above the surface of water. If velocity of sound is 340 m s−1, then the frequency of the
turning fork is
a) 128 Hz b) 256 Hz c) 384 Hz d) 500 Hz

31. In Melde’s experiment, three loops are formed by putting a weight of 8 g in a massless
pan. The weight required to form two loop is
a) 18 g b) 8 g c) 36 g d) 24 g

32. At a certain instant a stationary transverse wave is found to have maximum kinetic
energy. The appearance of string at that instant is
a) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude a b) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude a

c) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude a d) Straight line

3 2

33. Transverse waves can propagate in

a) Liquids b) Solids c) Gases d) None of these

34. The loudness and pitch of a sound depends on

a) Intensity and velocity b) Frequency and velocity

c) Intensity and frequency d) Frequency and number of harmonics

35. The wave described by y=0.25 sin(10 πx −2 πf ) where x and y are in meters and t in
seconds, is a wave travelling along the
a) Positive x direction with frequency 1 Hz and wavelength λ=0.2 m

b) Negative x direction with amplitude with amplitude 0.25 m and wavelength λ=0.2 m

c) Negative x direction with frequency 1 Hz

d) Positive x direction with frequency π Hz . and wavelength λ=0.2 m

36. At a moment is a progressive wave, the phase of a particle executing SHM is

π
3
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 Then the phase of the particle 15 cm ahead and at the
T

Will be, if the wavelength 60 cm

2

a) π b) 2 π c) Zero d) 5 π
2 3 6

Two waves are represented by y 1=a sin ωt + ( )and y 2=a cos ωt . What will be their
37. π
6
resultant amplitude
a) a b) c) d) 2 a
√2 a √3 a

38. Two waves

y 1= A 1 sin ( ωt −β1 ) , y 2= A2 sin(ωt−β 2)
Superimpose to form a resultant wave whose amplitude is
a) A 2 + A2 +2 A A cos ( β −β ) b) A 2 + A2 +2 A A sin ( β −β )
√1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 √1 2 1 2

c) A + A d) ¿ A + A ∨¿
1 2 1 2

39. In an open organ pipe… wave is present.

a) Transverse standing b) Longitudinal standing

c) Longitudinal moving d) Transverse moving

40. A set of 24 tuning fork are so arranged that each gives 6 beats/s with the previous one.
If the frequency of the last tuning fork is double that of the first, frequency of the second
tuning fork is
a) 138 Hz b) 132 Hz c) 144 Hz d) 272 Hz

41. An echo repeats two syllables. If the velocity of sound is 330 m s−1, then the distance of
the reflecting surface is
a) 66.0 m b) 33.0 m c) 99.0 m d) 16.5 m

42. A pipe closed at one end and open at the other end, resonate with sound waves of
frequency 135 Hz and also 165 Hz, But not with any wave of frequency intermediate
between these two. Then the frequency of the fundamental note is
a) 30 Hz b) 15 Hz c) 60 Hz d) 7.5 Hz

43. If two tuning forks A and B are sounded together, they produce 4 beats per second. A is
then slightly loaded with wax, they produce 2 beats when sounded again. The frequency
of A is 256. The frequency of B will be

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 a) 250 b) 252 c) 260 d) 262

44. A man standing on a cliff claps his hand hears its echo after 1 sec . If sound is reflected
from another mountain and velocity of sound in air is 340 m/sec . Then the distance
between the man and reflection point is
a) 680 m b) 340 m c) 85 m d) 170 m

45. In meld’s experiment in the transverse mode, the frequency of the tuning fork and the
frequency of the waves in the string are in the ratio
a) 2:1 b) 4:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:2

46. A rocket is receding away from earth with velocity = 0.2c.The rocket emit signal or
frequency 4 ×107 Hz. The apparent frequency of the signal produced by the rocket
observed by the observer on earth will be
a) 6 b) 6 c) 7 d) 7
3 ×10 Hz 4 ×10 Hz 2.4 × 10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz

If the equation of transverse wave is y=5 sin 2 π [ , where distance is in cm and

]
47. t x
−
0.04 40
time in second, then the wavelength of the wave is
a) 60 cm b) 40 cm c) 35 cm d) 25 cm

48. If L1 and L2 are the lengths of the first and second resonating air columns in a resonance
tube, then the wavelength of the note produced is
a) 2(L + L )
2 1
b) 2(L −L )
2 1 2 (
c) 2 L − L1
2) (
d) 2 L + L1
2
2 )
49. A train moves towards a stationary observer with speed 34 m s−1. The train sounds a
whistle and its frequency registered by the observer is f 1. If the train’s speed is reduced
to 17 m s−1, the frequency registered is f 2. If the peed of sound is 340 m s−1, then the ratio
f 1 /f 2 is
18
a) 19 b) 1 c) 2 d) 19
2 18

50. The length of two open organ pipes are l and (l+∆ l) respectively. Neglecting end
correction, the frequency of beats between them will be approximately
a) v b) v c) v ∆ l d) v ∆ l
2
2l 4l 2l l

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51. Law of superposition is applicable to only

a) Light waves b) Sound waves c) Transverse waves d) All kinds of waves

52. In a stationary wave represented by y=2a coskx sin ω t the intensity at a certain point is
maximum when
a) coskx is maximum b) coskx is minimum c) Sin ω t is maximum d) sin ω t is minimum

53. The frequency of tuning forks A and B are respectively 3% more and 2% less than the
frequency of tuning fork C . When A and B are simultaneously excited, 5 beats per
second are produced. Then the frequency of the tuning fork ' A ' in (in Hz ) is
a) 98 b) 100 c) 103 d) 105

54. A motor car blowing a horn of frequency 124 vib/sec moves with a velocity 72 km/hr
towards a tall wall. The frequency of the reflected sound heard by the driver will be
(velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s )
a) 109 vib/ sec b) 132 vib/ sec c) 140 vib/ sec d) 248 vib /sec

55. Two waves are approaching each other with a velocity of 16 m/s and frequency n . The
distance between two consecutive nodes is
a) 16 b) 8 c) n d) n
n n 16 8

56. The apparent wavelength of the light from a star moving away from the earth is 0.2%
more than its actual wavelength. Then the velocity of the star is
a) 7 −1 b) 6 −1 c) 5 −1 d) 4 −1
6 ×10 m s 6 ×10 m s 6 ×10 m s 6 ×10 m s

57. A stone is hung in air from a wire, which is stretched over a sonometer. The bridges of
the sonometer are 40cm apart when the wire is in unison with a tuning fork of frequency
256. When the stone is completely immersed in water, the length between the bridges is
22 cm for re-establishing unison. The specific gravity of material of stone is
40
256 ×
a) (40 )2
b) ( 40 2) c) 256 × 22 d) 22
( 402 ) + ( 22 )2 ( 402 ) −( 22 )2 40

58. A resonance pipe is open at both ends and 30 cm of its length is in resonance with an
external frequency 1.1 kHz. If the speed of sound is 330 m/s, which harmonic is in
resonance?
a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth

59. The wave equation is y=030 sin(314 t−1.57 x ) where t , x and y are in second, meter and

P a g e | 14
 centimeter respectively. The speed of the wave is
a) 100 m/s b) 200 m/s c) 300 m/s d) 400 m/ s

60. In brass, the velocity of longitudinal wave is 100 times the velocity of the transverse
wave. If Y =1 ×10 11 N M −2, then stress in the wire is
a) 13 −2 b) 9 −2 c) 11 −2 d) 7 −2
1 ×10 N m 1 ×10 N m 1 ×10 N m 1 ×10 N m

61. A 1000 Hz sound wave in air strikes the surface of a lake and penetrates into water. If
speed of sound in water is 1500 m s−1,the frequency and wavelength of waves in water are
a) 1500 Hz, 1m b) 1000 Hz, 1.5m c) 1000 Hz, 1m d) 1500 Hz, 1.5m

62. Under identical conditions of pressure and density, the speed of sound is highest in a

a) Monoatomic gas b) Diatomic gas c) Triatomic gas d) Polyatomic gas

63. If the length of a closed organ pipe is 1m and velocity of sound is 330 m/s , then the
frequency for the second note is
a) 4 × 330 Hz b) 3 × 330 H z c) 2 × 330 Hz d) 2 × 4 Hz
4 4 4 330

64. Two sinusoidal waves with same wavelengths and amplitudes travel in opposite
directions along a string with a speed 10 m s−1 . If the minimum time interval between two
instants when the string is flat is 0.5 s, the wavelength of the waves is
a) 25 m b) 20 m c) 15 m d) 10 m

The ratio of the velocity of sound in hydrogen (γ=7/5) to that helium γ= ( 53 ) at the same
65.

temperature is
a)
√ 5
42
b)
√ 5
21
c) √ 42
5 √
d) 21
5

66. A wire of density 9 ×10 3 kg m−3 is stretched between two clamps 1m part and is subjected
to an extension of4.9 × 10−4 m . The lowest frequency of transverse vibration in the wire is
10 −2

a) 40 Hz b) 35 Hz c) 30 Hz d) 25 Hz
Y =9 ×10 N m ¿

67. The equation of a simple harmonic progressive wave is given by y=A sin (100 πt -3x). find

the distance between 2 particles having a phase difference of .

π
3

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 a) π m b) π m c) π m d) π m
9 18 6 3

The equation y= A cos (2 π nt−2 π ) represents a wave with

68. 2 x
λ
a) Amplitude A /2 , frequency 2 n and wavelength λ /2

b) Amplitude A /2 , frequency 2 n and wavelength λ

c) Amplitude A , frequency 2 n and wavelength 2 λ

d) Amplitude A , frequency n and wavelength λ

69. A transverse wave is represented by the equation

2π
y= y 0 sin (vt−x)
For what value of λ , the maximum particle velocity equal to two times the wave velocity
λ

a) λ=2 π y b) λ=π y /3 c) λ=π y /2 d) λ=π y

0 0 0 0

70. A man is standing on a railway platform listening to the whistle of an engine that passes
the man at constant speed without stopping. If the engine passes the man at time t 0 .
How does the frequency f of the whistle as heard by the man changes with time
a) b) c) d)
f f f f

t0 t t0 t t0 t t0 t

71. Two tuning forks P and Q are vibrated together. The number of beats produced are
represented by the straight line OA in the following graph. After loading Q with wax
again these are vibrated together and the beats produced are represented by the line
OB . If the frequency of P is 341 Hz , the frequency of Q will be
A
3 B
Beats

2
1

0 t(s)

d) None of the above

1 2

a) 341 Hz b) 338 Hz c) 344 Hz

72. If man were standing unsymmetrical between parallel cliffs, claps his hands and starts
hearing a series of echoes at a intervals of 1 s. If speed of sound in air is 340 m s−1 , the
distance between two cliffs would be
a) 340m b) 510m c) 170m d) 680m

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73. A transverse wave is represented by y= A sin (wt −kx ). For what value of the wavelength
is the wave velocity equal to the maximum particle velocity
a) A b) πA /2 c) πA d) 2 πA

74. A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, has a fundamental frequency f 0 in air. The tube Is
dipped vertically into water such that half of its length is inside water. The fundamental
frequency of the air column now is
a) 3 f /4 b) f c) f /2 d) 2 f
0 0 0 0

75. Fundamental frequency of sonometer wire is n . If the length, tension and diameter of
wire are tripled, the new fundamental frequency is
a) n b) n c) d) n
n √3
√3 3 3 √3

76. Two closed pipes produce 10 beats per second when emitting their fundamental nodes.
If their lengths are in ratio of 25 : 26. Then their fundamental frequency in Hz , are
a) 270,280 b) 260,270 c) 260,250 d) 260,280

77. Two waves are represented by y 1=4 sin 404 πt and y 2=3 sin 400 πt . Then

a) Beat frequency is 4 Hz and the ratio of maximum to minimum intensity is 49 :1

b) Beat frequency is 2 Hz and the ratio of maximum to minimum intensity is 49 :1

c) Beat frequency is 2 Hz and the ratio of maximum to minimum intensity is 1 :49

d) Beat frequency is 4 Hz and the ratio of maximum to minimum intensity is 1 :49

78. The equation of a progressive wave can be given by y=15 sin (660 πt -0.02 πx ) cm. the
frequency of the wave is
a) 330 Hz b) 342 Hz c) 365 Hz d) 660 Hz

79. A source and an observer approach each other with same velocity 50 m/s . If the apparent
frequency is 435 s ec −1 , then the real frequency is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
320 s 360 s e c 390 s ec 420 s ec

80. A closed organ pipe of length L and open organ pipe contain gases of densities p1∧ p2
respectively. The compressibility of gases are equal in both the pipes. Both the pipes are
vibrating in their first overtone with same frequency. The length of the open organ pipe
is
a) L
3
b) 4 L
3
c) 4 L
3 √ p1
p2
d) 4 l
3 √ p2
p2

P a g e | 17
81. Two increase the frequency from 100 Hz to 400 Hz the tension in the string has to be
changed by
a) 4 times b) 16 times c) 20 times d) None of these

The instantaneous displacement of a simple harmonic oscillator is given by¿ a cos ωt +

[ ].
82. π
4
Its speed will be maximum at the time
a) 2 π b) ω c) ω d) π
ω 2π π 4ω

83. In stationary waves

a) Energy is uniformly distributed

b) Energy is minimum at nodes and maximum at antinodes

c) Energy is maximum at nodes and minimum at antinodes

d) Alternating maximum and minimum energy producing at nodes and antinodes

84. What is minimum length of a tube, open at both ends, that resonates with tuning fork of
frequency 350 Hz ? [velocity of sound in air ¿ 350 m/s ]
a) 50 cm b) 100 cm c) 75 cm d) 25 cm

85. A wave is reflected from a rigid support. The change in phase on reflection will be

a) π /4 b) π /2 c) π d) 2 π

86. Two string A and B are slightly out tune and produces beats of frequency 5Hz.
Increasing the tension in B reduces the beat frequency to 3Hz. If the frequency of string
A is 450 Hz, calculate the frequency of string B.
a) 460 Hz b) 455 Hz c) 445 Hz d) 440 Hz

87. A string of length 0.4m and mass 10−2 kg is tightly clamped at the ends. The tension in
the string is 1.6 N. Identical wave pulses are produced at one end at equal intervals of
time∆ t . The minimum value of ∆ t , which allows constructive interference between
successive pulses is
a) 0.05 s b) 0.10 s c) 0.20 s d) 0.40 s

88. A man is standing on the platform and one train is approaching and another train is
going away with speed of4 m s−1, frequency of sound produced by train is 240 Hz. What

P a g e | 18
 will be the number of beats heard by him per second?
a) 12 b) Zero c) 6 d) 3

89. Which of the following functions represent a wave?

a) b) ln ⁡(x+ vt ) c) d) 1
( x−vt )2 − ( x+ vt ) 2
e
x+ vt

90. On which principle does sonometer works?

a) Hooke’s law b) Elasticity c) Resonance d) Newton’s law

91. A boy is walking away from a wall towards an observer at a speed of 1 metre/ sec and
blows a whistle whose frequency is 680 Hz . The number of beats heard by the observer
per second is (Velocity of sound in air ¿ 340 metres /sec )
a) Zero b) 2 c) 8 d) 4

92. A stretched string of lengthl fixed at both ends can sustain stationary waves of
wavelength λ given by
a) λ=2 ln b) λ=2 l/n c) 2 d) 2
λ=l /2n λ=n /2 l

93. A cylindrical tube containing air is open at both ends. If the shortest length of the tube
for resonance with a given fork is 2 cm, the next shortest length for resonance with the
same fork will be
a) 60 cm b) 40 cm c) 90 cm d) 80 cm

94. An observer moves towards a stationary source of sound of frequency n . The apparent
frequency heard by him is 2 n . If the velocity of sound in air is 332 m/sec , then the velocity
of the observer is
a) 166 m/sec b) 664 m/ sec c) 332 m/sec d) 1328 m/sec

95. The equation of sound wave is

y=0.0015 sin(62.4 x +316 t)
The wavelength of this wave is
a) 0.2 unit b) 0.1 unit c) 0.3 unit d) Cannot be
calculated

96. Which of the following curves represents correctly the oscillation given by
y= y 0 sin ( ωt −ϕ ) , where0< ϕ <90

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 D A
B B

A C
D
C

a) A b) B c) C d) D

97. If you set up the ninth harmonic on a string fixed at both ends, its frequency compared
to the seventh harmonic
a) Higher b) Lower c) Equal d) None of the above

98. The transverse displacement of a string fixed at both ends is given by

y=0.06 sin ( 23πx ) cos (120 πt) y and x are in metres and t in seconds. The wavelength and
frequency of the two superposing waves are
a) 2 m, 120 Hz b) 2 m , 60 Hz c) 3 m ,120 Hz d) 3 m ,60 Hz
3 2

99. When two sinusoidal waves moving at right angles to each other superimpose, they
produce
a) Beats b) Interface c) Stationary waves d) Lissajous figure

100. Two tuning fork, A and B produce notes of frequencies 258 Hz and 262 Hz. An unknown
note sounded with a produces certain beats. When the same note is sounded with B, the
beat frequency gets doubled, the unknown frequency is
a) 256 Hz b) 254 Hz c) 300 Hz d) 280 Hz

101. Two waves of frequencies 20 Hz and 30 Hz . Travels out from a common point. The phase
difference between them after 0.6 sec is
a) Aero b) π c) π d) 3 π
2 2

102. A vibrating string of certain length I under a tension T resonates with a mode
corresponding to the second overtone (third harmonic) of an air column of length 75 cm
inside a tube closed at one end. The string also generate 4 beats/s when excited along
with a tuning fork of frequency n. now when the tension of the string also generate 4
beats/s when excited along with a tuning fork of frequency n. now when the tension of
the string is slightly increased the number of beats reduces 2 per second. Assuming the
velocity of sound in air to be 340 m s−1, the frequency n of the tuning fork in Hz is
a) 344 b) 336 c) 117.3 d) 109.3

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103. Find the frequency of minimum distance between compression & rarefaction of a wire. If
the length of the wire is 1 m& velocity of sound in air is 360 m/s
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
90 sec 180 sec 120 sec 360 sec

104. The stationary wave y=2a sin kx cos ωt in a closed organ pipe is the result of the
superposition of y=a sin(ωt −kx ) and
a) y=−a cos (ωt +kx ) b) y=−a sin(ωt + kx) c) y=a sin(ωt + kx) d) y=a cos(ωt+ kx )

105. A train moves towards a stationary observer with speed34 m s−1. The train sounds a
whistle and its frequency registered by the observer is v 1. If the train’s speed is reduced
to17 m s−1, the frequency registered is v 2. If the speed of sound is 340 m s−1, then the ratio
v 1 /v 2is
a) 2 b) 1/2 c) 18/19 d) 19/18

106. The displacement x (in meter) of a particle performing simple harmonic, motion is

related to time t (in second) as x=0.05 cos 4 πt +

( .The frequency of the motion will be
)
π
4
a) 05 Hz b) 1.0 Hz c) 1.5 Hz d) 2.0 Hz

107. A person feels 2.5% difference of frequency of a motor-car horn. If the motor-car is
moving to the person and the velocity of sound is 320 m/sec , then the velocity of car will
be
a) 8 m/s (approx.) b) 800 m/s c) 7 m/s d) 6 m/ s (approx.)

108. When a open pipe I producing third harmonic, number of nodes is

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

109. Wave equations of two particles are given by

y 1=a sin ( ωt−kx ) , y 2=a sin(kx +ωt ), then
a) They are moving in opposite direction b) Phase between them is 90 °

c) Phase between them is 180 ° d) Phase between them is 0 °

110. A small source of sound moves on a circle as shown in the figure and an observer is
standing on O . Let n1 , n2 and n3 be the frequencies heard when the source is at A , B and C
respectively. Then

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 a) n >n > n b) n >n > n c) n =n >n d) n >n > n
1 2 3 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 3

111. The equation of transverse wave is given by

y=100 sin π (0.04 z−2 t)
Where y and z are in cm and t is in seconds. The frequency of the wave in Hz is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 25 d) 100

112. Doppler effect is independent of

a) Distance between source and listener b) Velocity of source

c) Velocity of listener d) None of the above

113. A man sets his watch by the sound of a siren placed at a distance 1 km away. If the
velocity of sound is 330 m/s
a) His watch is set 3 sec. faster b) His watch is set 3 sec. slower

c) His watch is set correctly d) None of the above

114. A wave of wavelength 2 m is reflected from a surface. If a node is formed at 3 m from the
surface, then at what distance from the surface another node will be formed
a) 1 m b) 2 m c) 3 m d) 4 m

115. The frequency of the sinusoidal wave

y=0.40 cos[2000 t+ 0.80 x ] would be
a) 1000 π Hz b) 2000 Hz c) 20 Hz d) 1000 Hz
π

116. Three waves of equal frequency having amplitudes 10 mm, 4 mm, and 7 mm arrive at a

given point with successive phase difference of , the amplitude of the resulting wave
π

in mm is given by
2

a) 7 b) 6 c) 5 d) 4

117. If separation between screen and source is increased by 2% what would be the effect on
the intensity
a) Increases by 4% b) Increases by 2% c) Decreases by 2% d) Decreases by 4%

P a g e | 22
118. The source producing sound and an observer both are moving along the direction of
propagation of sound waves. If the respective velocities of sound, source and an
observer are v , v s and v o , then the apparent frequency heard by the observer will be (n=¿
frequency of sound)
a) n(v+ v o ) b) n(v−v o) c) n(v−v o) d) n(v+ v o )
v−v o v−v s v + vs v + vs

119. A tuning fork of frequency 392 Hz , resonates with 50 cm length of a string under tension
(T ). If length of the string is decreased by 2%, keeping the tension constant, the number
of beats heard when the string and the tuning fork made to vibrate simultaneously is
a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 12

120. Ultrasonic, Infrasonic and audible waves travel through a medium with speeds V u , V i and
V a respectively, then
a) V , V and V are nearly equal b) V ≥V ≥ V
u i a u a i

c) V ≤V ≤ V d) V ≤V and V ≈ V
u a i a u u i

121. The relation between frequency ' n ' wavelength ' λ ' and velocity of propagation ' v ' of
wave is
a) n=vλ b) n=λ /v c) n=v / λ d) n=1/v

122. The phenomenon of sound propagation in air is

a) Isothermal process b) Isobaric process c) Adiabatic process d) None of these

123. The correct graph between the frequency n and square root of density (ρ) of a wire,
keeping its length, radius and tension constant, is
n n n n

a) b) c) d)

   

124. An open tube is in resonance with string (frequency of vibration of tube is n 0). If tube is
dipped in water so that 75% of length of tube is inside water, then the ratio of the
frequency of tube to string now will be
a) 1 b) 2 c) 2 d) 3
3 2

P a g e | 23
125. Beats are the result of

a) Diffraction b) Destructive interference

c) Constructive and destructive interference d) Superposition of two waves of nearly

equal frequency

126. When a wave travels in a medium, the particle displacement is given by the equation
y=a sin 2 π ( bt−cx ) where a, b and c are constants. The maximum particle velocity will be
twice the wave velocity if
a) 1 b) c) b=ac d) 1
c= c=πa b=
πa ac

127. Which of the following equations represents a wave?

a) y= A sin ωt b) y= A cos kx

c) y= A sin ( at−dx +c ) d) y= A (ωt−kx)

128. Two identical wires have the same fundamental frequency of 400 Hz when kept under the
same tension. If the tension in one wire is increased by 2% the number of beats
produced will be
a) 4 b) 2 c) 8 d) 1

129. The intensity ratio of two waves is 1:9. The ratio of their amplitudes, is

a) 3:1 b) 1:3 c) 1:9 d) 9:1

130. A tuning fork of known frequency 256 Hz makes 5 beats/s with the vibrating string of a
piano. The beat frequency decreases to 2 beats/s when the tension in the piano string is
slightly increased. The frequency of the piano string before increasing the tension was
a) (256+2)Hz b) (256-2)Hz c) (256-5)Hz d) (256+5)Hz

131. Three sources of equal intensities with frequencies 400, 401 and 402 vib/s are sounded
together. The number of beats/s is
a) Zero b) 1 c) 2 d) 4

132. A man x can hear only upto 10 kHz and another man y upto 20 kHz . A note of frequency
500 Hz is produced before them from a stretched string. Then
a) Both will hear sounds of same pitch but different quality

b) Both will hear sounds of different pitch but same quality

c) Both will hear sounds of different pitch and different quality

P a g e | 24
 d) Both will hear sounds of same pitch and same quality

133. A wave of frequency 500 Hz has velocity 360 m/sec . The distance between two nearest
points 60 o out of phase, is
a) 0.6 cm b) 12 cm c) 60 cm d) 120 cm

134. A string in a musical instrument is 50 cm long and its fundamental frequency is 800 Hz.
If a frequency of 1000 Hz is to be produced, the required length of string is
a) 62.5 cm b) 50 cm c) 40 cm d) 37.5 cm

135. An observer is moving away from source of sound of frequency 100 Hz . This speed is
33 m/s . If speed of sound is 330 m/s , then the observed frequency is
a) 90 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 91 Hz d) 110 Hz

136. When a guitar string is sounded with a 440 Hz tuning fork, a beat frequency of5 Hz is
heard. If the experiment is repeated with a tuning fork of 437 Hz , the beat frequency is
8 Hz . The string frequency (Hz) is
a) 445 b) 435 c) 429 d) 448

137. The first overtone of a stretched wire of given length is 320 Hz . The first harmonic is

a) 320 Hz b) 160 Hz c) 480 Hz d) 640 Hz

138. The echo of a gun shot is heard 8 sec. after the gun is fired. How far from him is the
surface that reflects the sound (velocity of sound in air ¿ 350 m/s )
a) 1400 m b) 2800 m c) 700 m d) 350 m

139. A tuning fork produced 4 beats/s when sounded with a sonometer wire of vibrating
length is 50 cm. what is the frequency of the tuning fork?
a) 196 Hz b) 284 Hz c) 375 Hz d) 460 Hz

140. The wavelength of light observed on the earth from a moving star is found to decrease
by 0.05%. the star is
a) Coming closer with a velocity of 4 −1
1.5 ×10 m s
b) Moving away with a velocity of 4 −1
1.5 ×10 m s
c) Coming closer with a velocity of 5 −1
1.5 ×10 m s
d) Moving away with a velocity of −1
1.5 ×10

P a g e | 25
141. A note has a frequency 128 Hz. The frequency of a note two octaves higher than it is

a) 256 Hz b) 64 Hz c) 32 Hz d) 512 Hz

142. A wave travelling in stretched string is described by the equation y= Asin (kx−ωt).The
maximum particle velocity is
a) Aω b) ω /k c) dω /dk d) x /t

143. A source of sound of frequency 90 vibrations/ sec is approaching a stationary observer

with a speed equal to 1/10 the speed of sound. What will be the frequency heard by the
observer
a) 80 vibrations/ sec b) 90 vibrations/ sec c) 100 vibrations/ sec d) 120 vibrations/ sec

144. In a sine wave, position of different particles at time t=0 is shown in figure. The equation
for this wave travelling along positive x−axis can be

a) y= A sin ⁡(ωt −kx) b) y= A cos ( kx−ωt ) c) y= A cos ( ωt−kx ) d) y= A sin ⁡(kx −ωt)

145. The ratio of speed of sound in nitrogen and helium gas at 300 K is

a)
√ 2
7
b) √ 1
7
c) √3
5
d) √ 6
5

The equation of a simple harmonic wave is given by y=5 sin ( 100 t−x ), where x and y are
146. π

in metre and time is in second. The period of the wave in second will be
2

a) 0.04 b) 0.01 c) 1 d) 5

147. When a stationary wave is formed then its frequency is

a) Same as that of the individual waves b) Twice that of the individual waves

c) Half that of the individual waves d) None of the above

148. An air column in a pipe, which is closed at one end, will be in resonance with a vibrating
body of frequency 166 Hz , if the length of the air column is

P a g e | 26
 a) 2.00 m b) 1.50 m c) 1.00 m d) 0.50 m

149. The equation of a transverse wave is given by

y=10 sin π (0.01 x−2 t)
Where x and y are in cm and t is in second. Its frequency is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
10 sec 2 sec 1 sec 0.01 sec

150. Beats are produced by frequencies v 1∧v 2 (v 1 ¿2 ). The duration of time between two
successive maximum or minima is equal to
a) 1 b) 2 c) 2 d) 1
v 1 +v 2 v 1−v 2 v 1 +v 2 v 1−v 2

151. A sine wave has an amplitude A and a wavelength λ .Let v be the wave velocity, and V be
maximum velocity of a particle in the medium
a) V cannot be equal to v b) V −v ,if A=λ/2 π

c) V −v ,if A=2 πλ d) V −v ,if λ= A/ π

152. Out of the given waves (1), (2), (3) and (4)
y=a sin(kx + ωt) …(1)
y=a sin(ωt −kx ) …(2)
y=a cos(kx +ωt ) …(3)
y=a cos(ωt−kx ) …(4)
Emitted by four different sources S1 , S 2 , S3 and S4 respectively, interference phenomena
would be observed in space under appropriate conditions when
a) Sources S emits wave (1) and S emits wave (2)
1 2

b) Source S emits wave (3) and S emits wave (4)

3 4

c) Source S emits wave (2) and S emits wave (4)

2 4

d) S emits waves (4) and S emits waves (3)

4 3

153. Two uniform wires are vibrating simultaneously in their fundamental notes. The tension
,lengths diameters and the densities of the two wires are in the ratio 8:1, 36:35, 4:1,and
1:2 respectively. If the note of the higher pitch has a frequency 360 Hz, the number of
beats produced per second is

a) 5 b) 15 c) 10 d) 20

A sound source is moving towards stationary listener with th of the speed of sound.
154. 1

The ratio of apparent to real frequency is

10

P a g e | 27
 b) 10/9 c) 11/10
( ) ( 10 )
2 2
a) 9 d) 11
10

155. A source of sound gives 5 beats s−1 when sounded with another source of frequency 100
Hz. The second harmonic of the source together with a source of frequency 205 Hz gives
5 beats s−1 . What is the frequency of the source?
a) 105 Hz b) 205 Hz c) 95 Hz d) 100 Hz

156. A sound source of frequency 170 Hz is placed near a wall. A man walking from a source
towards the wall finds that there is a periodic rise and fall of sound intensity. If the
speed of sound in air is 340 m/s . then distance (in metres ) separating the two adjacent
position of minimum intensity is
a) 1/2 b) 1 c) 3/2 d) 2

The displacement y (¿ cm) produced by a simple harmonic waves is y= ( )

157. 10 πx
sin 2000 πt− .
π 17
The periodic time and maximum velocity of the particles in the medium will respectively
be
10 secand 330 m/sec 10 sec and 20 m/sec
a) −3 b) −4

10 secand 200 m/sec 10 secand 2000 m/sec

c) −3 d) −2

158. In a plane progressive wave given by y=25cos (2 πt−πx ), the amplitude and frequency are
respectively
a) 25,100 b) 25,1 c) 25,2 d) 50 π ,2

159. The function sin2 ( ωt) represents

a) A periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period 2 π /ω

b) A periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period π /ω

c) A simple harmonic motion with a period 2 π /ω

d) A simple harmonic motion with a period π /ω

160. The phase difference between the two particles situated on both the sides of a node is

a) 0 ° b) 90 ° c) 180 ° d) 360 °

The displacement y of a particle is given by y=4 cos ( 2t )sin ( 1000 t ). This expression may
161. −4

be considered to be a result of the superposition of how many simple harmonic motions?

a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5

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162. A car is moving with a speed of 72 km h−1 towards a hill. Car blows horn at a distance of
1800 m from the hill. If echo is heard after 10s, the speed of sound ( ¿ m s−1 )is
a) 300 b) 320 c) 340 d) 360

163. A tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz produces 10 beats s−1 when sounded with a vibrating
sonometer string. What must have been the frequency of string if slight increase in
tension produces fewer beats s−1 than before?
a) 490 Hz b) 470 Hz c) 460 Hz d) 480 Hz

164. The fundamental frequency of a sonometre wire is n . If its radius is doubled and its
tension becomes half, the material of the wire remains same, the new fundamental
frequency will be
a) n b) n c) n d) n
√2 2 2 √2

165. An open organ pipe of length / vibrates in its fundamental mode. The pressure vibration
is maximum
a) At the two ends b) At the distance 1/2 inside the ends

c) At the distance 1/4 inside the ends d) At the distance 1/8 inside the ends

166. Compressional wave pulse are sent to the bottom of sea from a ship and the echo is
heard after 2s. if bulk modulus of elasticity of water is 2 ×109 N m−2and mean temperature
is 4°C, the depth of the sea will be
a) 1014 m b) 1414 m c) 2828 m d) None of these

167. Out of following incorrect statement is

a) In meld’s experiment 2 remain constant. (p=loop, T=Tension)

p T
b) In Kundt’s experiment distance between two heaps of powder is λ/2

c) Quink’s tube experiment is related with beats.

d) Echo phenomena are related with reflection of sound.

168. Water waves are

a) Longitudinal b) Transverse

c) Both longitudinal and transverse d) Neither longitudinal nor transverse

P a g e | 29
 A source and listener are both moving towards each other with speed , where v is the
169. v

speed of sound. If the frequency of the note emitted by the source is f , the frequency
10

heard by the listener would be nearly

a) 1.11 f b) 1.22 f c) f d) 1.27 f

170. A source of sound is approaching an observer with speed of 30 m s−1 and the observer is
approaching the source with a speed 60 m s−1. Then the fractional change in the
frequency of sound in air (330 m s−1) is
a) 1 b) 3 c) 2 d) 2
3 10 5 3

171. Standing waves are produced by the superposition of two waves y 1=0.05 sin ⁡(3 πt +2 x)
y 2=0.05 sin ( 3 πt+2 x )Where x and y are in meters and t is in second. What is the amplitude
of the particle at x=0.5 m?Given cos 57.3 0=0.54 .
a) 2.7 cm b) 5.4 cm c) 8.1 cm d) 10.8 cm

172. Two periodic waves of intensities I 1 and I 2 pass through a region at the same time in the
same direction. The sum of the maximum and minimum intensities is
a) I + I b) I + I c) I − I 2 d) 2 ( I + I )
1 2 (√ 1 √ 2) (√ 1 √ 2) 1 2

A source and an observer are moving towards each other with a speed equal to where
173. v

v is the speed of sound. The source is emitting sound of frequency n . The frequency
2

heard by the observer will be

a) Zero b) n c) n d) 3 n
3

174. A sound source emits sound waves in a uniform medium. If energy density is E and
maximum speed of the particles of the medium is v max . The plot between E and v maxis best
represented by
a) E b) E c) E d) E

vmax vmax vmax vmax

175. An organ pipe, open from both end produces 5 beats per second when vibrated with a
source of frequency 200 Hz . The second harmonic of the same pipes produces 10 beats
per second with a source of frequency 420 Hz . The frequency of source is
a) 195 Hz b) 205 Hz c) 190 Hz d) 210 Hz

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176. A cylindrical tube open at both ends, has a fundamental frequency f in air. The tube is
dipped vertically in water so that half of it is in water. The fundamental frequency of air
column is now
a) f/2 b) f c) 3f/4 d) 2f

177. A wave is represented by the equation : y=a sin(0.01 x−2 t) where a and x are in cm .
velocity of propagation of wave is
a) 10 cm/s b) 50 cm/s c) 100 cm/s d) 200 cm/ s

178. A 5.5 m length of string has a mass of 0.035 kg. If the tension in the string is 77 N, the
speed of a wave on the string is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
110 m s 165 m 77 m s 102 m s

179. The frequency of a stretched uniform wire under tension is in resonance with the
fundamental frequency of a closed tube. If the tension in the wire is increased by 8 N , it
is in resonance with the first overtone of the closed tube. The initial tension in the wire
is
a) 1 N b) 4 N c) 8 N d) 16 N

180. A sound wave of frequency n travels horizontally to the right. It is reflected from a large
vertical plane surface moving to the left with speed v. The speed of the sound in the
medium is c. Then
a) The frequency of the reflected wave is n c + v
[ ]
c−v
b) The wavelength of the reflected wave is c
[ ][ ]
n
c+v
c−v
c) The number of waves strike the surface per second is n c +v
[ ]
c
The number of beats heard by a stationary listener to the left to the reflecting surface

is
d)
[ ]
nv
c−v

181. The relation between phase difference (∆ ϕ) and path difference (Δ x ) is

a) ∆ ϕ= 2 π Δ x b) Δ ϕ=2 πλ Δ x c) Δ ϕ= 2 πλ d) Δ ϕ= 2 Δ x
λ Δx λ

182. Two waves of wavelength 99 cm and 100 cm both travelling with velocity 396 m s−1 are
made to interface. The number of beats produced by them per second are
a) 1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 8

P a g e | 31
183. Fundamental frequency of pipe is 100 Hz and other two frequencies are 300 Hz and 500
Hz, then
a) Pipe is open at both the ends b) Pipe is closed at both the ends

c) One end is open and another end is closedd) None of the above

184.
y=3 sin π ( 12 − 4x ) Represents an equation of a progressive wave, where t is in second an x
is in metre. The distance travelled by the wave in 5 s is
a) 8m b) 10m c) 5m d) 32m

185. A transverse progressive wave on a stretched string has a velocity of 10 m s−1 and a
frequency of 100 Hz . The phase difference between two particles of the string which are
2.5 cm apart will be
a) π /8 b) π /4 c) 3 π /8 d) π /2

186. Two waves are propagating to the point P along a straight line produced by two sources
A and B of simple harmonic and of equal frequency. The amplitude of every wave at P is
' a ' and the phase of A is ahead by π /3 than that of B and the distance AP is greater than
BP by 50 cm . Then the resultant amplitude at the point P will be, if the wavelength is
1 meter
a) 2 a b) c) d) a
a √3 a √2

187. A police car horn emits a sound at a frequency 240 Hz the frequency 240 Hz when the
car is at rest. If the speed of sound is 330 m s−1, the frequency heard by an observer who
is approaching the car at speed of 11 m s−1, is
a) 248 Hz b) 244 Hz c) 240 Hz d) 230 Hz

188. A stretched wire of length 110 cm is divided into three segments whose frequencies are in
ratio 1 : 2 : 3. Their lengths must be
a) 20 cm ; 30 cm; 60 cm b) 60 cm ; 30 cm; 20 cm c) 60 cm ; 20 cm; 30 cm d) 30 cm ; 60 cm; 20 cm

189. A piston fitted in cylindrical pipe is pulled as shown in the figure. A tuning fork is
sounded at open end and loudest sound is heard at open length 13cm, 41 cm and 69 cm,
the frequency of tuning fork if velocity of sound is 350 m s−1is

a) 1250 Hz b) 625 Hz c) 417 Hz d) 715 Hz

P a g e | 32
190. A man sets his watch by whistle that is 2 km away. How much will his watch be in error.
(speed of sound in air 330 m/sec )
a) 3 seconds fast b) 3 seconds slow c) 6 seconds fast d) 6 seconds slow

191. A source emits a sound of frequency of 400 Hz, but the listener hearts its 390 Hz. Then

a) The listener is moving towards the source b) The source is moving towards the listener

c) The listener is moving away from the d) The listener has a defective ear
source

192. The equation of a transverse wave travelling along positive x-axis with amplitude 0.2m,
velocity 360 m s−1 and wavelength 60 m be written as

[
a) y=0.2sin π 6 t+ x
60 ] [
b) y=0.2sin π 6 t− x
60 ]
[
c) y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t− x
60 ] [
d) y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t+ x
60 ]
193. A closed organ pipe has fundamental frequency 100 Hz. What frequency will be
produced, if its other end is also opened?
a) 200,400,600,800… b) 200,300,400,500…

c) 100,300,500,700… d) 100,200,300,400…

194. The wavelengths of two waves are 50 and 51 cm respectively. If the temperature of the
room is 20 ℃ , then what will be the number of beats produced per second by these
waves, when the speed of sound at 0 ℃ is 332 m/sec
a) 14 b) 10 c) 24 d) None of these

195. A whistle revolves in a circle with an angular speed of 20 rad / sec using a string of length
50 cm . If the frequency of sound from the whistle is 385 Hz , then what is the minimum
frequency heard by an observer, which is far away from the centre in the same plane?
(v=340 m/s)
a) 333 Hz b) 374 Hz c) 385 Hz d) 394 Hz

196. The equation of a simple harmonic wave is given by y=6sin 2 π (2t-0.1x), where x and y
are in mm and t is in second. The phase difference between two particles 2 mm apart at
any instant is
a) 18° b) 36° c) 54° d) 72°

P a g e | 33
197. The musical interval between two tones of frequencies 320 Hz and 240 Hz is

a) 80 c) 560
(3)
b) 4 d) 320 ×240

198. With the propagation of a longitudinal wave through a material medium, the quantities
transmitted in the propagation direction are
a) Energy, momentum and mass b) Energy

c) Energy and mass d) Energy and linear momentum

199. Ultrasonic waves are those waves

a) To which man can hear b) Man can’t hear

c) Are of high velocity d) Of high amplitude

200. The frequency of a sound wave is n and its velocity is v . If the frequency is increased to
4 n , the velocity of the wave will be
a) v b) 2 v c) 4 v d) v /4

Two sound waves (expressed in CGS units) given by y 1=0.3 sin (vt−x) and
201. 2π
λ
(vt−x +θ) interfere. The resultant amplitude at a place where phase
2π
y 2=0.4 sin
difference is π /2 will be
λ

a) 0.7 cm b) 0.1 cm c) 0.5 cm d) 1 √ 7 cm

10

202. Sound waves of wavelength greater than that of audible sound are called

a) Seismic waves b) Sonic waves c) Ultrasonic waves d) Infrasonic waves

203. A bus is moving with a velocity of 5 m s−1towards a huge wall. The driver sounds a horn of
frequency 165 Hz. If the speed of sound in air is 335 m s−1, the number of beats heard per
second by a passenger inside the buss will be
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6

204. When a sound wave of frequency 300 Hz passes through a medium, the maximum
displacement of a particle of the medium is 0.1 cm. the maximum velocity of the particle
is equal to
a) 60 cm/s b) 30 cm/s c) 60 π cm/s d) 30π cm/s

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205. Standing waves are produced in a 10 m long stretched string. If the string vibrates in 5
segments and the wave velocity is 20 m/s , the frequency is
a) 2 Hz b) 4 Hz c) 5 Hz d) 10 Hz

206. The fundamental frequencies of an open and a closed tube, each of same length L with v
as the speed of sound in air, respectively are
a) v and v b) v and v c) v and v d) v and v
2L L L 2L 2L 4L 4L 2L

207. Energy is not carried by which of the following waves

a) Stationary b) Progressive c) Transverse d) Electromagnetic

208. When the temperature of an ideal gas is increased by 600 K , the velocity of sound in the
gas becomes √ 3 times the initial velocity in it. The initial temperature of the gas is
a) −73 ℃ b) 27 ℃ c) 127 ℃ d) 327 ℃

209. Find the fundamental frequency of a closed pipe, if the length of the air column is 42 m .
(speed of sound in air ¿ 332 m/sec )
a) 2 Hz b) 4 Hz c) 7 Hz d) 9 Hz

210. When 2 tuning forks (fork 1 and fork 2) are sounded simultaneously, 4 beats s−1 are
heard. Now, some tape is attached on the prong of fork 2. When the tuning forks are
sounded again, 6 beats s−1 are heard if the frequency of fork 1 is 200 Hz, then what was
the original frequency of fork 2?
a) 196 Hz b) 200 Hz c) 202 Hz d) 204 Hz

211. Sound of the wavelength λ passes through a Quincke’s tube, which is adjust to give a
maximum intensity I 0. Through what distance should the sliding tube be moved to give
intensity I 0 /2 ?
a) λ /2 b) λ /3 c) λ /4 d) λ /8

212. Two waves represented by y=a sin (ωt - kx) and y= a cos (ωt-kx) are superposed. The
resultant wave will have an amplitude
a) a b) c) 2a d) Zero
√2a

213. In a resonance pipe the first and second resonance are obtained at depths 22.7 cm and
70.2 cm respectively. What will be the end correction?

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 a) 1.05 cm b) 115.5 cm c) 92.5 cm d) 113.5 cm

A transverse wave is described by the equation y= y 0 sin 2 π ft −

[ ] .The maximum particle
214. x
λ
velocity is equal to four times the wave velocity if
a) λ=π y /4 b) λ=2 π y c) λ=π / y d) λ=π y /2
0 0 0 0

215. A tuning fork produces waves in a medium. If the temperature of the medium changes,
then which of the following will change
a) Amplitude b) Frequency c) Wavelength d) Time-period

216. From a point source, if amplitude of waves at a distance r is A, its amplitude at a

distance 2 r will be
a) A b) 2 A c) A /2 d) A /4

217. If T is the reverberation time of an auditorium of volume V then

a) T ∝ 1 b) T ∝ 1 c) 2 d) T ∝ V
2 T ∝V
V V

218. In an experiment, it was found that string vibrates in n loops when a mass M is placed o
the pan. What mass should be placed on the pa to make it vibrate in 2 nloops, with same
frequency. Neglect the mass of the pan.
a) M /4 b) 4 M c) 2 M d) M /2

219. A source of sound emits waves with frequency f Hz and speed V m/sec . Two observers
move away from this source in opposite directions each with a speed 0.2 V relative to the
source. The ratio of frequencies heard by the two observers will be
a) 3 :2 b) 2 :3 c) 1 :1 d) 4 :10

220. Speed of sound at constant temperature depends on

a) Pressure b) Density of gas c) Above both d) None of the above

221. Which of the following has high pitch in their sound

a) Lion b) Mosquito c) Man d) Woman

222. When temperature increases, the frequency of a tuning fork

P a g e | 36
 a) Increases b) Decreases

c) Remains same d) Increases or decreases depending on the

material
The type of waves that can be propagated through solid is
223.

a) Transverse b) Longitudinal c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these

The equation of stationary wave along a stretched string is given by y=5 sin
224. πx
cos 40 πt
where x and y are in centimetre and t in second. The separation between two adjacent
3

nodes is :
a) 6 cm b) 4 cm c) 3 cm d) 1.5 cm

A pipe open at both ends produces a note of frequency f 1 . When the pipe is kept with
225. 3
th
4

of its length in water, it produced a note of frequency f 2 . The ratio is

f1
f2
a) 3 b) 4 c) 1 d) 2
4 3 2

226. The source of sound generating a frequency of 3kHz reaches an observer with a speed of
0.5 times, the velocity of sound in air. The frequency heard by the observer is
a) 1 kHz b) 2 kHz c) 4 kHz d) 6 kHz

227. A long cylindrical tube carries a highly polished piston and has a side opening. A tuning
fork of frequency n is sounded at the sound heard by the listener charges if the piston is
moves in or out. At a particular position of the piston is moved through a distance of 9
cm, the intensity of sound becomes minimum, if the speed of sound is 360 m/s, the value
of n is

a) 129.6 Hz b) 500 Hz c) 1000 Hz d) 2000 Hz

228. n1Is the frequency of the pipe closed at one end and n2 is the frequency of the pipe open
at both ends. If both are joined end to end, find the fundamental frequency of closed pipe
so formed
a) n 1 n2 b) n 1 n2 c) n1 +2 n2 d) 2n 1+ n2
n2 +2 n1 2n 2+ n1 n 2 n1 n 2 n1

229. Two sounding bodies producing progressive waves are given by

y 1=4 sin 400 πt∧ y 2=3 sin 404 πt one situated very near to the ear of a person who will hear
P a g e | 37
 a) 2 beats/s with intensity ratio 4/3 between maxima and minima

b) 2 beats/s with intensity ratio 49/1 between maxima and minima

c) 4 beats/s with intensity ratio 4/3 between maxima and minima

d) 4 beats/s with intensity ratio 4/3 between maxima and minima

230. In two similar wires of tension 16 N and T , 3 beats are heard, then T=

a) 49 N b) 25 N c) 64 N d) None of these

231. An observer is moving towards the stationary source of sound, then

a) Apparent frequency will be less than the real frequency

b) Apparent frequency will be greater than the real frequency

c) Apparent frequency will be equal to real frequency

d) Only the quality of sound will charge

232. The disc of a siren containing 60 holes rotates at a constant speed of 360 rpm. The
emitted sound is in unison with a tuning fork of frequency
a) 10 Hz b) 360 Hz c) 216 Hz d) 60 Hz

233. Consider the three waves, z1 , z2 and z3 as

z 1= A sin ( kx−ωt )
z 2= A sin ( kx +ωt )
z 3= A sin ( kx −ωt )
Which of the following represent a standing wave?
a) z + z b) z + z c) z + z d) z + z + z
1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 3

234. The apparent frequency of the whistle of an engine changes in the ratio 9:8 as the
engine passes a stationary observer. If the velocity of the sound is 340m s−1 , then the
velocity of the engine is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
40 ms 20 m s 340 m s 180 m s

235. Equation of a progressive wave is given by

y=4 sin π
{( ) }
t x π
− +
5 9 6
Then which of the following is correct
a) v=5 m/sec b) λ=18 m c) a=0.04 m d) n=50 Hz

P a g e | 38
236. An underwater sonar source operating at a frequency of 60 kHz directs its beam towards
the surface. If the velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s , the wavelength and frequency of
waves in air are:
a) 5.5 mm , 60 kHz b) 330 m ,60 kHz c) 5.5 mm , 20 kHz d) 5.5 mm , 80 kHz

237. Frequency range of the audible sounds is

a) 0 Hz−30 Hz b) 20 Hz−20 kHz c) 20 kHz−20,000 kHz d) 20 kHz−20 MHz

238. If at same temperature and pressure, the densities for two diatomic gases are
respectively d 1 and d 2 , then the ratio of velocities of sound in these gases will be
a)
√ d2
d1
b)
√ d1
d2
c) d d
1 2
d) d d
√ 1 2

239. A man fires a bullet standing between two cliffs. First echo is heard after 3 seconds and
second echo is heard after 5 seconds. If the velocity of sound is 330 m/s , then the
distance between the cliffs is
a) 1650 m b) 1320 m c) 990 m d) 660 m

240. Unlike a laboratory sonometer, a stringed instrument is seldom plucked in the middle.

Supposing a sitar string is plucked at about th of its length from the end. The most
1

prominent harmonic would be

4

a) Eighth b) Fourth c) Third d) Second

241. Two wires made up of same material are of equal lengths but their radii are in the ratio
1:2. On stretching each of these two string by the same tension, the ratio between the
fundamental frequencies is
a) 1:2 b) 2:1 c) 1:4 d) 4:1

242. The frequency and velocity of sound wave are 600 Hz and 360 m/s respectively. Phase
difference between two particles of medium are 60°, the minimum distance between
these two particles will be
a) 10 cm b) 15 cm c) 20 cm d) 50 cm

243. The beats are produced by two sound sources of same amplitude and of nearly equal
frequencies. The maximum intensity of beats will be… that of one source
a) Same b) Double c) Four times d) Eight times

P a g e | 39
244. Which of the following do not require medium for transmission

a) Cathode ray b) Electromagnetic wave

c) Sound wave d) None of the above

245. Two identical flutes produce fundamental notes of frequency 300 Hz at 27 ℃ .If the
temperature of air in one flute is increased to 31 ℃ , the number of the beats heard per
second will be
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

246. When beats are produced by two progressive waves of the same amplitude and of nearly
the same frequency, the ratio of maximum loudness to the loudness of one of the waves
will be n . Where n is
a) 3 b) 1 c) 4 d) 2

247. The displacement y of a particle in a medium can be expressed as

( )m, where t is in second and x in metre. The speed of the wave is

π
y=10−6 sin 100 t+ 20 x +
4
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
2000 m s 5ms 20 m s 5 π ms

248. A whistle giving out 450 Hz approaches a stationary observer at a speed of 33 ms−1 . The
frequency heard by the observer in Hz is [velocity of sound in air=333 m s−1]
a) 409 b) 429 c) 517 d) 500

249. Vibrating tuning fork of frequency n is placed near the open end of a long cylindrical
tube. The tube has a side opening and is fitted with a movable reflecting piston. As the
piston is moved through 8.75 cm , the intensity of sound changes from a maximum to
minimum. If the speed of sound is 350 m/s . then n is

a) 500 Hz b) 1000 Hz c) 2000 Hz d) 4000 Hz

250. The length of a sonometer wire tuned to a frequency of 250 Hz is 0.60 metre . The
frequency of tuning fork with which the vibrating wire will be in tune when the length is
made 0.40 metre is
a) 250 Hz b) 375 Hz c) 256 Hz d) 384 Hz

P a g e | 40
251. Transverse waves of same frequency are generated in two steel wires A and B . The
diameter of A is twice of B and the tension in A is half that in B . The ratio of velocities of
wave in A and B is
a) b) c) 1 :2 d)
1 :3 √ 2 1 :2 √ 2 √ 2:1

252. The phase difference between two points separated by 0.8 m in a wave of frequency is
120 Hz is π /2. The velocity of wave is
a) 720 m/s b) 384 m/ s c) 250 m/s d) 1 m/s

253. An engine is moving on a circular track with a constant speed. It is blowing a whistle of
frequency 500 Hz . The frequency received by an observer standing stationary at the
centre of the track is

a) 500 Hz b) More than 500 Hz

c) Less than 500 Hz d) More or less than 500 Hz depending on

the actual speed of the engine

254. A man sitting in a moving train hears the whistle of the engine. The frequency of the
whistle is 600 Hz
a) The apparent frequency as heard by him is smaller than 600 Hz

b) The apparent frequency is larger than 600 Hz

c) The frequency as heard by him is 600 Hz

d) None of the above

255. In a stationary wave, all particles are

a) At rest at the same time twice in every period of oscillation

b) At rest at the same time only once in every period of oscillation

c) Never at rest at the same time

d) Never at rest at all

256. In a resonance column cist and second resonance are obtained at depths 22.7 cm and
70.2 cm. The third resonance will be obtained at a depth
a) 117.7 cm b) 92.9 cm c) 115.5 cm d) 113.5 cm

P a g e | 41
257. Tube A has both ends open while tube B has one end closed. Otherwise they are
identical. Their fundamental frequencies are in the ratio
a) 4:1 b) 2:1 c) 1:4 d) 1:4

258. Equation of a progressive wave is given by

(
y=0.2cos π 0.04 t +.02 x−
π
6 )
The distance is expressed in cm and time in second. What will be the minimum distance
between two particles having the phase difference of π /2
a) 4 cm b) 8 cm c) 25 cm d) 12.5 cm

259. If the frequency of human heart beat is 1.25 Hz , the number of heart beats in 1 minute is

a) 80 b) 65 c) 90 d) 75

260. A tuning fork A produces 4 beats/sec with another tuning fork B of frequency 320 Hz . On
filing the fork A , 4 beats/sec are again heard. The frequency of fork A , after filing is
a) 324 Hz b) 320 Hz c) 316 Hz d) 314 Hz

261. Two strings with mass per unit length of 9 gc m −1 and 25 gc m−1 are joined together in
series. The reflection coefficient for the vibration waves are
a) 9 b) 3 c) 1 d) 9
25 5 16 16

262. Light from two coherent sources of the same amplitude A and wavelength λ illuminates
the screen. The intensity of the central maximum is I 0 . If the sources were incoherent,
the intensity at the same point will be
a) 4 I b) 2 I c) I d) I /2
0 0 0 0

263. A table is revolving on its axis at 5 revolutions per second. A sound source of frequency
1000 Hz is fixed on the table at 70 cm from the axis. The minimum frequency heard by a
listener standing at a distance from the table will be (speed of sound 352 m s−1)
a) 1000 Hz b) 1066 Hz c) 941 Hz d) 352 Hz

264. A train is approaching with velocity 25 m s−1towards a pedestrian standing on the track,
frequency of horn of train is 1 kHz. Frequency heard by the pedestrian is ( v=30 m s−1 )
a) 1077 Hz b) 1167 Hz c) 985 Hz d) 954 Hz

265. An engine moving towards a wall with a velocity 50 m s−1 emits a note of 1.2 kHz. Speed

P a g e | 42
 of sound in air is 350 m s−1. The frequency of the note after reflection from the wall as
heard by the driver of the engine is
a) 2. 4kHz b) 0.24 kHz c) 1.6 kHz d) 1.2 kHz

266. A tuning fork of frequency 340 Hz is vibrated just above the tube of 120 cm height.
Water is poured slowly in the tube, what is the minimum height of water necessary for
the resonance?
a) 45 cm b) 30 cm c) 35 cm d) 25 cm

267. When a tuning fork produces sound waves in air, which one of the following is same in
the material of tuning fork as well as in air
a) Wavelength b) Frequency c) Velocity d) Amplitude

268. The frequency of a sonometer wire is 100 Hz. When the weights producing the tension
are completely immersed in water, the frequency becomes 80 Hz and on immersing the
weights in a certain liquid, the frequency becomes 60 Hz. The specific gravity of the
liquid is
a) 1.42 b) 1.77 c) 1.21 d) 1.82

269. A stone is dropped into a lake from a tower 500 metre high. The sound of the splash will
be heard by the man approximately after
a) 11.5 seconds b) 21 seconds c) 10 seconds d) 14 seconds

270. A racing car moving towards a cliff sounds its horn. The drivers observe that the sound
reflected from the cliff has a pitch one octave higher than the actual sound of the horn. If
v=the velocity of sound, the velocity of the car is
a) b) v /2 c) v /3 d) v /4
v / √2

271. A hollow pipe of length 0.8m is closed a one end. At its open end a 0.5 m long uniform
string is vibrating in its second harmonic and it resonates with the fundamental
frequency of the pipe. If the tension in the wire is 50N and the speed of sound 320 m s−1,
the mass of the string is
a) 5 g b) 10 g c) 20 g d) 40 g

272. The waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate in a direction perpendicular to
the direction of wave motion is known as
a) Transverse wave b) Longitudinal waves c) Propagated waves d) None of these

P a g e | 43
273. Two points on a travelling wave having frequency 500 Hz and velocity 300 m s−1 are 60°
out of phase, then the minimum distance between two points is
a) 0.2 b) 0.1 c) 0.5 d) 0.4

274. Beats are produced by two travelling waves each of loudness I and nearly equal
frequencies n1 and n2 . The beat frequency will be …. and maximum loudness hard will be
a) ( n −n ) ,2 I b) ( n −n ) ,4 I c) ( n −n ) ,3 I d) ( n −n ) , I
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

The equation y=a sin 2 π ( Tt − xλ ), where the symbols carry the usual meaning and a, T and
275.

λ ate positive, represents a wave of

a) Amplitude 2a b) Period T/λ

c) Speed xλ d) Speed (λ/T)

276. The length of an elastic string is a metre when the longitudinal tension is 4 N and b
metre when the longitudinal tension is 5 N. the length of the string in metre when
longitudinal tension is 9N, is
a) a-b b) 5b-4a c) 1 d) 4a-3b
2 b− a
4

277. A uniform rope having mass m hangs vertically from a rigid support. A transverse wave
pulse is produced at the lower end. The speed ( v )of wave pulse varies with height h from
the lower end as shown in figure.

v
a) b) c) d)

278. Two wires made up of the same material are of equal length but their radii are in the
ratio of 1:2. On stretching each of these two strings by the same tension, the ratio
between the fundamental frequencies is
a) 1:4 b) 4:1 c) 2:1 d) 1:2

279. The speed of sound in a gas of density ρ at a pressure P is proportional to

(ρ) ( ρ) √ √
2 3 /2
a) p b) P c) ρ d) P
P ρ

280. Two waves of wavelength 1.00m and 1.01m produces 10 beats in 3s. What is the velocity
of the wave?
P a g e | 44
 a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
150 m s 115.2m s 336.6 m s 200 m s

281. How many times more intense is a 60 dB sound than a dB sound?

a) 1000 b) 2 c) 100 d) 4

282. If the phase difference between two sound waves of wavelength λ is 60 o , the
corresponding path difference is
a) λ b) λ c) 2 λ d) λ
6 2 4

The equation of progressive wave is y=0.2sin 2 π [ , where x and y are in metre

]
283. t x
−
0.01 0.3
and t is in second. The velocity of propagation of the wave is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
30 m s 40 ms 300 m s 400 ms

284. The velocity of sound hydrogen is 1224 m s−1. Its velocity in mixture of hydrogen and
oxygen containing 4 parts by volume of hydrogen and 1 part oxygen is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
1224 m s 612 m s 2448 m s 306 m s

\ Two adjacent piano keys are struck simultaneously. The notes emitted by them have
frequencies n1 and n2 . The number of beats heard per second is
285.

a) 1 (n −n ) b) 1 (n + n ) c) n n d) 2(n −n )
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2

286. Two sound waves with wavelengths 5.0 m and 5.5 m respectively, each propagate in a gas
with velocity 330 m/s We expect the following number of beats per second
a) 1 b) 6 c) 12 d) 0

287. A progressive wave y=a sin [(kx-ωt)] is reflected by a rigid wall at x=0. Then the
reflected wave can be represented by
a) y=a sin (kx+ωt) b) y=a cos (kx+ωt) c) y=-a sin (kx-ωt) d) y=-a sin (kx+ωt)

288. Mechanical waves on the surface of a liquid are

a) Transverse b) Longitudinal

c) Torsional d) Both transverse and longitudinal

P a g e | 45
289. It is possible to hear beats from the two vibrating sources of frequency

a) 100 Hz and 150 Hz b) 20 Hz and 25 Hz

c) 400 Hz and 500 Hz d) 1000 Hz and 1500 Hz

290. If v is the speed of sound in air then the shortest length of the closed pipe which
resonates to a frequency v, is
a) v b) v c) 4 v d) 2 v
2v 4v v v

291. Radar waves are sent towards a moving aeroplane and the reflected wave are received.
When the aeroplane is moving towards the radar, the wavelength of the wave
a) Decreases

b) Increases

c) Remains the same

d) Sometimes increases or decreases

292. The vibrating of four air columns are represented in the figure. The ratio of frequencies
n p :n q : nr :ns is

p q

r s
a) 12:6:3:5 b) 1:2:4:3 c) 4:2:3:1 d) 6:2:3:4

293. If wave y=a cos(ωt+ kx ) is moving along x-axis, the shape of pulse at t=0 and t=2s

a) Are different b) Are same c) May not be same d) None of these

The equation of a wave is given by y=10 sin ( 245π t+ a). If the displacement is 5 cm at t=0,
294.

then the total phase at t=7.5s is

a) π b) π c) π d) π
6 2 3

295. A micro-wave and an ultrasonic sound wave have the same wavelength. Their
frequencies are in the ratio (approximately)

P a g e | 46
 a) 6 b) 4 c) 2 d) 10 :1
10 :1 10 :1 10 :1

296. A stationary source is emitted sound at a fixed frequency f 0, which is reflected by two
cars approaching the source. The difference between the is frequencies of sound
reflected from the car is 1.2% of f 0. What is the difference in the speed of the cars (in km
per hour) to the nearest integer? The cars are moving at constant speeds much smaller
than the speed of sound which is 330m s−1
a) 7.128 km/h b) 7 km/h c) 8.128 km/h d) 9 km/h

297. A travelling wave represented by y=a sin ( ωt−kx ) is superimposed on another wave
represented b y=a sin ( ωt +kx ) . The resultant is
a) A standing wave having nodes at x= n+ 1 λ , n=0 ,1 , 2
( 2) 2
b) A wave travelling along + x direction

c) A wave travelling along - x direction

d) A standing wave having nodes at x= nλ ; n=0 , 1 , 2

2

298. Consider ten identical sources of sound all giving the same frequency but having phase
angles which are random. If the average intensity of each source is I 0 , the average of
resultant intensity I due to all these ten sources will be
a) I =100 I b) I =10 I c) I =I d) I = 10 I
0 0 0 √ 0

299. When both the listener and source are moving towards each other, then which of the
following is true regarding frequency and wavelength of wave observed by the observer?
a) More frequency, less wavelength

b) More frequency, more wavelength

c) Less frequency, less wavelength

d) More frequency, constant wavelength

300. If you set up the seven overtone on a string fixed at both ends, how many nodes and
antinodes are set up in it?
a) 6,5 b) 5,4 c) 4,3 d) 3,2

301. The transverse displacement y ( x , t ) of a wave on a string is given by y ( x , t )=e−( a x +b t +2 √ ab xt )

2 2

This represent a
a) Wave moving in x- direction with speed b) Standing wave of frequency √ b

P a g e | 47
 √ b
a
Wave moving in +x direction with speed
c) Standing wave of frequency 1 d)
√b
√ a
b

302. When a longitudinal wave propagates through a medium, the particles of the medium
execute simple harmonic oscillations about their mean positions. These oscillations of a
particle are characterised by an invariant
a) Kinetic energy b) Potential energy

c) Sum of kinetic energy and potential d) Difference between kinetic energy and
energy potential energy

303. Which of the following equation represent a progressive wave?

a) y=A cos ax sin bt b) y=A sin bt c) y=A cos (ax+bt) d) y=A tan (ax+bt)

The equation of a simple harmonic wave is given by y=5 sin ❑ (100 t−x ) where x and y
304. π

are in meter and time is in second. The period of the wave in second will be
2

a) 0.04 b) 0.01 c) 1 d) 5

305. A tuning fork gives 4 beats with 50 cm length of a sonometer wire. If the length of the
wire is shortened by 1 cm, the number of beats is still the same. The frequency of the
fork is
a) 396 b) 400 c) 404 d) 384

306. Choose the correct statement

a) Beats are due to destructive interference

b) Maximum beat frequency audible to a human being is 20

c) Beats are as a result of Doppler’s effect

d) Beats are due to superposition of two waves of nearly equal frequencies

307. In stationary waves, antinodes are the points where there is

a) Minimum displacement and minimum pressure change

b) Minimum displacement and maximum pressure change

c) Maximum displacement and maximum pressure change

P a g e | 48
 d) Maximum displacement and minimum pressure change

308. Two sound waves of wavelengths 5 m and 6 m formed 30 beats in 3 seconds. The velocity
of sound is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
300 m s 310 m s 320 m s 330 m s

309. What is the phase difference between two successive crests in the wave?

a) π b) π /2 c) 2 π d) 4 π

310. Velocity of sound waves in air is 330 m s−1. For a particular sound in air, a path difference
of 40cm is equivalent to a phase difference of 1.6 π .The frequency of the wave is
a) 165 Hz b) 150 Hz c) 660 Hz d) 330 Hz

311. Velocity of sound in air

I. increases with temperature
II. Decreases with temperature
III. Increase with pressure
IV. Is independent of pressure
V. Is independent of temperature
Choose the correct answer
a) Only I and II are true b) Only I and III are true

c) Only II and III are true d) Only I and IV are true

312. An open pipe resonates with a tuning fork of frequency 500 Hz. It is observed that two
successive nodes are formed at distance 16 and 46 cm from the open end. The speed of
sound in air in the pipe is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
260 m s 300 m s 320 m s 360 m s

313. Each of the two strings of length 51.6 cm and 49.1 cm are tensioned separately by 20 N
force. Mass per unit length of both the strings is same and equal to 1 g /m. When both the
string vibrate simultaneously the number of beats is
a) 5 b) 7 c) 8 d) 3

314. A source of sound of frequency n is moving towards a stationary observer with a speed S .
If the speed of sound in air is V and the frequency heard by the observer is n1 , the value
of n1 /n is
a) (V + S)/V b) V /(V +S ) c) (V −S)/V d) V /(V −S)

P a g e | 49
315. Sounds wave transfer

a) Only energy not momentum b) Energy

c) Momentum d) Both (a) and (b)

316. Which of the following is the example of transverse wave

a) Sound waves b) Compressional waves in a spring

c) Vibration of string d) All of these

A string vibrates according to the equation y=5 sin ( 23πx ) cos 20 πt where x and y are in cm
317.

and t in second. The distance between two adjacent nodes is

a) 3 cm b) 4.5 cm c) 6 cm d) 1.5 cm

318. Source and observer, both start moving simultaneously from origin, one along X-axis and
the other along Y-axis with speed of source equal to twice the speed of observer. The
graph between the apparent frequency (n ’) observed by observer and time t in figure
would be

n'
n'
a) n

n'
n
b) n'

n'
n'
c) n

d) n'
n'
n
t

319. Two wires are fixed in a sonometer. Their tensions are in the ratio 8:1. The lengths are
in the ratio 36:35. The diameters are in the ratio 4:1. Densities of the materials are in
the ratio 1:2. If the higher frequency in the setting is 360 Hz, the beat frequency when
the two wires are sounded together, is

P a g e | 50
 a) 8 b) 5 c) 10 d) 6

Equation of a progressive wave is given by y=a sin π

− , where t is in seconds and x is
[ ]
320. t x
2 4
in meters. The distance through which the wave moves in 8 sec is (in meter)
a) 8 b) 16 c) 2 d) 4

321. Two monoatomic ideal gases 1 and 2 of molecular masses m 1 and m 2 respectively are
enclosed in separate containers kept at the same temperature. The ratio of the speed of
sound in gas 1 to that in gas 2 is given by
a)
√ m1
m2
b)
√ m2
m1
c) m1
m2
d) m2
m1

The equation of a progressive wave is y=8 sin π ( 10t − x4 )+ π3 ] . The wavelength of the wave
322.
[
is
a) 8 m b) 4 m c) 2 m d) 10 m

323. An observer standing at station observes frequency 219 Hz when a train approaches and
184 Hz when train goes away from him. If velocity of sound in air is 340 m/s , then velocity
of train and actual frequency of whistle will be
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
15.5 m s , 200 Hz 19.5 m s , 205 Hz 29.5 m s , 200 Hz 32.5 m s , 205 Hz

324. The first overtone in a closed pipe has a frequency

a) Same as the fundamental frequency of an open tube of same length

b) Twice the fundamental frequency of an open tube of same length

c) Same as that of the first overtone of an open tube of same length

d) None of the above

325. Standing stationary waves can be obtained in an air column even if the interfering waves
are
a) Of different pitches b) Of different amplitudes

c) Of different qualities d) Moving with different velocities

326. If fundamental frequency of closed pipe is 50 Hz then frequency of 2nd overtone is

a) 100 Hz b) 50 Hz c) 250 Hz d) 150 Hz

P a g e | 51
327. Two sound sources emitting sound each of wavelength λ are fixed at a given distance
apart. A listener moves with a velocity ualong the line joining the two sources. The
number of beats heard by him per second is
a) 2 u/ λ b) u/ λ c) u d) 2 λ
3λ u

328. A source of sound placed at the open end of a resonance column sends an acoustic wave
of pressure amplitude ρ0 inside the tube. If the atmospheric pressure is ρ A , then the ratio
of maximum and minimum pressure at the closed end of the tube will be

a) ( ρ A + ρ0 ) b) ( ρ A +2 ρ0 ) c) ρ A d)
( ρ + ρ)
1
2 A 0

( ρ A −ρ0 ) ( ρ A −2 ρ0 ) ρ0
( ρ − 12 ρ )
A 0

329. Sound velocity is maximum in

a) H b) N c) He d) O
2 2 2

330. Two loudspeakers L1 and L2 driven by a common oscillator and amplifier, are arranged
as shown. The frequency of the oscillator is gradually increased from zero and the
detector at D records a series of maxima and minima. If the speed of sound is 330 m s−1
then the frequency at which the first maximum is observed is

a) 165 Hz b) 330 H z c) 496 Hz d) 660 Hz

331. It takes 2.0 s for a sound wave to travel between two fixed points when the day
temperature is 10°C. if the temperature rises to 30°C the sound wave travels between
the same fixed parts in
a) 1.9s b) 2.0s c) 2.1s d) 2.2s

332. An open pipe of length 33 cm resonates with frequency of 100 Hz . If the speed of sound is
330 m/s , then this frequency is
a) Fundamental frequency of the pipe b) Third harmonic of the pipe

c) Second harmonic of the pipe d) Fourth harmonic of the pipe

P a g e | 52
333. A car sounding a horn of frequency 1000 Hz passes an observer. The ratio of frequencies
of the horn noted by the observer before and after passing of the car is 11 : 9. If the
speed of sound is v , the speed of the car is
a) 1 v b) 1 v c) 1 v d) v
10 2 5

334. If the speed of a wave doubles as it passes from shallow water deeper water, its
wavelength will be
a) Unchanged b) Halved c) Doubled d) Quadrupled

335. When an aeroplane attains a speed higher than the velocity of sound in air, a loud bang
is heard. This is because
a) It explodes

b) It produces a shock wave which is received as the bang

c) Its wings vibrate so violently that the bang is heard

d) The normal engine noises undergo a Doppler shift to generate the bang

336. A standing wave having 3 nodes and 2 antinodes is formed between two atoms having a
distance 1.21 Å between them. The wavelength of the standing wave is
a) 1.21Å b) 1.42Å c) 6.05Å d) 3.63Å

337. Two identical plain wires have a fundamental frequency of 600 cycle per second when
kept under the same tension. What fractional increase in the tension of one wires will
lead to the occurrence of 6 beats per second when both wires vibrate simultaneously
a) 0.01 b) 0.02 c) 0.03 d) 0.04

338. An unknown frequency x produces 8 beats per seconds with a frequency of 250 Hz and 12
beats with 270 Hz source, then x is
a) 258 Hz b) 242 Hz c) 262 Hz d) 282 Hz

339. If the temperature increases, then what happens to the frequency of the sound produced
by the organ pipe
a) Increases b) Decreases c) Unchanged d) Not definite

340. If the tension and diameter of a sonometer wire of fundamental frequency n are doubled
and density is halved then its fundamental frequency will become
a) n b) c) n d) n
√2 n
4 √2
P a g e | 53
341. A wave equation which gives the displacement along y -direction is given by
y=0.001sin (100 t+ x ) where x and y are in meter and t is time in second. This represented
a wave
a) Of frequency 100/ π H z

b) Of wavelength one metre

c) Travelling with a velocity of

50/ π m s in the positive X -direction
−1

d) Travelling with a velocity of

100 m s in the negative X -direction
−1

342. The speed of sound in a gas

a) Does not depend upon density of the gas b) Does not depend upon charges in
pressure
c) Does not depend upon temperature d) Depends upon density of the gas

343. Two stretched strings of same material are vibrating under same tension in fundamental
mode. The ratio of their frequencies is 1 : 2 and ratio of the length of the vibrating
segments is 1 : 4. Then the ratio of the radii of the strings is
a) 2 : 1 b) 4 : 1 c) 3 : 2 d) 8 : 1

344. A band playing music at a frequency f is moving towards a wall at a speed v b. A motorist
is following the band with a speed v m. If v is speed of sound, the expression for the beat
frequency heard by the motorist is
a) (v+ v m )f b) ( v + v m ) f c) 2 v b (v+ v m )f d) 2 v m (v+ v b )f
2 2 2 2
v + vb v−v b v −v b v −v b

345. An empty vessel is partially filled with water, then the frequency of vibration of air
column in the vessel
a) Remains same b) Decreases

c) Increases d) First increases then decreases

346. The wavelength ofinfrasonics in air is of the order of

a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) −2
10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m

347. Two sound waves are represented by y=a sin ⁡(ωt−kx ) and y=a cos ⁡(ωt−kx). The
wavelength of wave I water are
a) π /2 b) π /4 c) π d) 3 π /4

P a g e | 54
348. The frequency of a whistle of an engine is 600 cycles /sec is moving with the speed of
30 m/sec towards an observer. The apparent frequency will be (velocity of sound ¿ 330 m/s )
a) 600 cps b) 660 cps c) 990 cps d) 330 cps

349. The tones that are separated by three octaves have a frequency ratio of

a) 3 b) 4 c) 8 d) 16

350. If the ratio of amplitude of two waves is 4 : 3. Then the ratio of maximum and minimum
intensity will be
a) 16 : 18 b) 18 : 16 c) 49 : 1 d) 1 : 49

351. A source and an observer move away from each other with a velocity of 10 m/s with
respect to ground. If the observer finds the frequency of sound coming from the source
as 1950 Hz , then actual frequency of the source is (velocity of sound in air ¿ 340 m/s )
a) 1950 Hz b) 2068 Hz c) 2132 Hz d) 2486 Hz

A wave is given by y=3 sin 2 π ( 0.04t − 0.01x ), where y is in cm. Frequency of wave and
352.

maximum acceleration of particle will be

a) 3 2 b) 3 2
100 Hz , 4.7 ×10 cm /s 500 Hz , 7.5× 10 cm/s
c) 4 2 d) 4 2
25 Hz , 4.7 × 10 cm/s 25 Hz , 7.4 ×10 cm/s

353. A sound wave of frequency v propagating through air with a velocity c, is reflected from
a surface which is moving away from the source with a constant speed v. the frequency
of the reflected wave, measured by the observed at the position of the source, is
a) v (c−v ) b) v (C +v ) c) v (c+2 v ) d) v (c−v )
c+ v c−v c+v c−2 v

If y=5 sin 30 πt− +30 ° y → mm , t → s , x → m .for given progressive wave equation, phase
( )
354. π
7
difference between two vibrating particle having path difference 3.5 m would be
a) π /4 b) π c) π /3 d) π /2

355. In question, the shape of the wave at timet=3 s ,if O is a fixed end (not free) in is.

P a g e | 55
 1 cm

2 cm
1 cm
a) O b) c) 1 cm d)
1 cm
2 cm

356. A man stands in front of a hillock and fires a gun. He hears an echo after 1.5 sec . The
distance of the hillock from the man is (velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s )
a) 220 m b) 247.5 m c) 268.5 m d) 292.5 m

357. A cylindrical tube open at both the ends has a fundamental frequency of 390 Hz in air. If

of the tube is immersed vertically in water the fundamental frequency of air column is
1

a) 260 Hz b) 130 Hz c) 390 Hz d) 520 Hz

4

358. In a sinusoidal wave, the time required for a particular point to move from maximum
displacement to zero displacement is 0.170 second . The frequency of the wave is
a) 1.47 Hz b) 0.36 Hz c) 0.73 Hz d) 2.94 Hz

359. A motor car is approaching towards a crossing with a velocity of 72 km h−1. The frequency
of sound of its horn as heard by a policeman standing on the crossing is 260Hz. The
frequency of horn is
a) 200 Hz b) 244 Hz c) 150 Hz d) 80 Hz

360. If V m is the velocity of sound in moist air, V d is the velocity of sound in dry air, under
identical conditions of pressure and temperature
a) V <V b) V >V c) V V =1 d) V =V
m d m d m d m d

Given that y= A sin ( ct−x ) , where y and x are measured in metres. Which of the
361.
[( 2π
λ )]
following statements is true
a) The unit of −1 is same as that of 2 π b) The unit of λ is same as that of x but not
of A
λ
λ
c) The unit of c is same as that of 2 π d) The unit of (ct−x ) is same as that of 2 π
λ λ

362. A plane progressive wave is given by y=2cos 6.284 (30t-x).what is period of the wave?

a) 1 s b) 2 π ×330 s c) d) 6.284 s
( 2 π × 330 )−2 s
330 330

P a g e | 56
 The amplitude of a wave is given by A= . Resonance will occur when
363. c

d) None of these
a+b+ c
a) b= −c b) b= −a c) b=0 , a=c
2 2

364. An observer standing near the sea shore observes 54 waves per minute. If the
wavelength of the water wave is 10 m then the velocity of water wave is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
540 m s 5.4 m s 0.184 ms 9ms

A plane wave is described by the equation y=3 cos ( 4x −10 t− π2 ). The maximum velocity of
365.

the particles of the medium due to this wave is

a) 30 b) 3 π c) 3/ 4 d) 40
2

366. Equation of motion in the same direction are given by

y 1=2 a sin (ωt−kx ) and y 2=2 a sin (ωt−kx −θ)
The amplitude of the medium particle will be
a) 2 a cos θ b) c) 4 a cos θ /2 d)
√ 2 a cos θ √ 2 a cos θ/2

The equation ϕ⃗ ( x , t )= ⃗jsin

(λ ) (λ ) x represents
367. 2π 2π
vt cos

a) Transverse progressive wave b) Longitudinal progressive wave

c) Longitudinal stationary wave d) Transverse stationary wave

368. What is the base frequency if a pipe gives notes of frequencies 425, 255 and 595 and
decide whether it is closed at one end or open at both ends
a) 17, closed b) 85, closed c) 17, open d) 85, open

369. The phase difference between two waves represented by

−6
y 1=10 sin [100 t +(x /50)+0.5]m
−6
y 2=10 cos[100 t+(x /50)]m
Where x is expressed in metres and t is expressed in second, is approximately
a) 1.5 rad b) 1.07 rad c) 2.07 rad d) 0.5 ra

370. Apparatus used to find out the velocity of sound in gas is

a) Melde’s apparatus b) Kundt’s tube c) Quincke’s tube d) None of these

P a g e | 57
371. Ten tuning fork are arranged in increasing order of frequency in such a way that any two
nearest tuning forks produce 4 beats s−1 . The highest frequency is twice that of the
lowest. Possible highest and lowest frequencies are
a) 80 and 40 b) 100 and 50 c) 44 and 32 d) 72 and 36

372. If the phase difference between the two wave is 2 π during superposition, then the
resultant amplitude is
a) Maximum b) Minimum

c) Maximum or minimum d) None of the above

373. In stationary wave

a) Strain is maximum at nodes b) Strain is maximum at antinodes

c) Strain is minimum at nodes d) Amplitude is zero at all the points

374. The ratio of the sound in oxygen to that in hydrogen at same temperature and pressure
is approximately
a) 16:1 b) 1:16 c) 4:1 d) 1:4

375. A source of sound S is moving with a velocity of 50 m s−1 towards a stationary observer.
The observer measures the frequency of the source as 1000 Hz. What will be the
apparent frequency of the source when it is moving away from the observer after
crossing him? The velocity of the sound in medium is 350 m−1.
a) 750 Hz b) 857 Hz c) 1143 Hz d) 1333 Hz

376. At what speed should a source of sound move so that stationary observer finds the
apparent frequency equal to half of the original frequency
a) v /2 b) 2 v c) v /4 d) v

377. n waves are produced on a string in one second. When the radius of the string is doubled
and the tension is maintained the same, the number of waves produced in one second for
the same harmonic will be
a) n b) n c) 2 n d) n
2 3 √2

378. Two sound waves travel in the same direction in a medium. The amplitude of each wave
is A and the phase difference between the two waves is120 ° . The resultant amplitude
will
a) b) 2 A c) 3 A d) A
√2 A

P a g e | 58
379. 25 tuning forks arranged in series in the order of decreasing frequency. Any two
successive forks produce 3 beats/sec. If the frequency of the first tuning fork is the
octave of the last fork, then the frequency of the 21st fork is
a) 72 Hz b) 288 Hz c) 84 Hz d) 87 Hz

380. The ratio of intensities between two coherent sound sources is 4 :1. The difference of
loudness in decibels (dB) between maximum and minimum intensities, on their
interference in space is
a) 20 log 2 b) 10 log 2 c) 20 log 3 d) 10 log 3

381. An organ pipe open at one end is vibrating in first overtone and is in resonance with
another pipe open at both ends and vibrating in third harmonic. The ratio of length of
two pipe is
a) 3:8 b) 8:3 c) 1:2 d) 4:1

382. Two pulses travel in mutually opposite directions in a string with a speed of 2.5 cm/ s as
shown in the figure. Initially the pulses are 10 cm apart. What will be the state of the
string after two seconds

a) b)

c) d)

383. Two waves represented by the following equations are travelling in the same medium
y 1=5 sin 2 π (75 t−0.25 x), y2 =10 sin2 π (150 t−0.50 x)
The intensity ratio I 1 /I 2 of the two waves is
a) 1 : 2 b) 1 : 4 c) 1 : 8 d) 1 : 16

384. Two instruments having stretched strings are being played in union. When the tension of
one of the instruments is increased by 1%, 3 beats are produced in 2s. the initial
frequency of vibration of each wire is
a) 300 Hz b) 500 Hz c) 1000 Hz d) 400 Hz

385. The time of reverberation of a room A is one second. What will be the time (in seconds)
of reverberation of a room, having all the dimensions double of those of room A
a) 1 b) c) 2 d) 4
1
2
P a g e | 59
386. An organ pipe P1 closed at one end vibrating in its first harmonic and another pipe P2
open at both ends vibrating in its third harmonic are in resonance with a given tuning
fork. The ratio of the length of P1 to that P2 is
a) 1/3 b) 1/6 c) 3/8 d) 8 /3

387. A railway engine whistling at a constant frequency moves with a constant speed. It goes
past a stationary observer standing beside the railway track. The frequency (n' )of the
sound heard by the observer is plotted against time (t) , which of the following best
represents the resulting curve

n' n' n' n'

a) b) c) d)

t t t t

388. An observer is standing 500 m away from a vertically hill. Starting between the observer
and the hill a police van having a siren of frequency 1000 Hz moves towards the hill with
a uniform speed. If the frequency of the sound heard directly from the siren is 970 Hz,
the frequency of the sound heard after reflection from the hill (in Hz) is about, (velocity
of sound =330 m s−1)
a) 1042 b) 1032 c) 1022 d) 1012

389. A pulse of a wave train travels along a stretched string and reaches the fixed end of the
string. It will be reflected with
a) A phase change of 180° with velocity reversed

b) The same phase as the incident pulse with no reversal of velocity

c) A phase change of 180° with no reversal of velocity

d) The same phase as the incident pulse but with velocity reversed

390. A wave travelling along the x-axis is described by the equation y(x, t) =0.005 cos (αx-βt).
If the wavelength and the time period of the wave are 0.08m and 2.0s, respectively, than
α and β in appropriate unit are
a) a=25.00π, β π b) 0.08 2.0 c) 0.04 1.0 d) π
α= , β= α= , β= α =12.5 π , β=
π π π π 2.0

391. In the experiment to determine the speed of sound using a resonance column

a) Prongs of the tuning fork are kept in a vertical plane

P a g e | 60
 b) Prongs of the tuning fork are kept in a horizontal plane

c) In one of the two resonance observed, the length of the resonating air column is close
to the wavelength of sound in air
d) In one of the two resonance observed, the length of the resonating air column is close
to half of the wavelength of sound in air

392. InMelde’s experiment, the string vibrates in 4 loops when a 50 g weight is placed in the
pan of weight 15 g. To made the string vibrate in 6 loops, the weight that has to be
removed from the pan in approximately
a) 7 g b) 36 g c) 21 g d) 29 g

393. The equation of a cylindrical progressive wave is

a) y=a sin ωt b) y=a sin ( ωt−kr )

c) y= a sin ⁡(ωt−kr ) d) y= a sin ⁡( ωt−kr )

√r r

394. A point source emits sound equally in all direction in a non-absorbing medium. Two
points P and Q are at distance of 2 and 3 m respectively from the source. The ratio of the
intensities of the wave at P and Q is.
a) 9:4 b) 2:3 c) 3:2 d) 4:9

395. The harmonics which are present in a pipe, open at one end are

a) Odd harmonics b) Even harmonics

c) Even as well as odd harmonics d) None of the above

396. A wave frequency us y=0.1 sin [100 πt−kx ] and wave velocity is 100−1 , its wave number is
equal to
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
1m 2m πm 2π m
397. A wave is represented by the equation
y=0.5 sin (10 t−x ) m. It is a travelling wave propagating along the + x direction with
velocity
a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s c) 5 m/s d) None of these

398. The speed of a wave on string 150 m s−1when the tension is 120 N. the percentage
increase in the tension in order to raise the wave speed by 20% is
a) 44% b) 40% c) 20% d) 10%

P a g e | 61
399. “Stationary waves” are so called because in them

a) The particles of the medium are not disturbed at all

b) The particles of the medium do not execute SHM

c) There occurs no flow of energy along the wave

d) The interference effect can’t be observed

400. Two wires are in unison. If the tension in one of the wires is increased by 2%, 5 beats are
produced per second. The initial frequency of each wire is
a) 200 Hz b) 400 Hz c) 500 Hz d) 1000 Hz

401. A bus is moving with a velocity of 5 m s−1 towards a huge wall. The driver sounds a horn
of frequency 165 Hz. If the speed of sound in air is 335 m s−1, the number of beats heard
per second by the passengers in the bus will be
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6

402. The minimum distance of reflector surface from the source for listening the echo of
sound is
a) 28 m b) 18 m c) 19 m d) 16.5 m

403. The relation between time and displacement for two particles is given by
y 1=0.06 sin2 π ( 0.04 t +ϕ 1 ) , y 2=0.03 sin 2 π (1.04 t +ϕ 2 )
The ratio of the intensity of the waves produced by the vibrations of the two particles
will be
a) 2 :1 b) 1 :2 c) 4 :1 d) 1 :4

404. The velocity of sound is v s in air. If the density of air is increased to 4 times, then the
new velocity of sound will be
a) v s b) v s c) 12 v d) 3 v 2
s s
2 12 2

405. If two waves having amplitudes 2 A and A and same frequency and velocity, propagate in
the same direction in the same phase, the resulting amplitude will be
a) 3 A b) c) d) A
√5 A √2 A

406. When a train approaches a stationary observer, the apparent frequency of the whistle is
n and when the same train recedes away from the observer, the apparent frequency isn .
Then the apparent frequency n when the observer moves with the train is
'

P a g e | 62
 ' ' '' ' ''
a) n +n b) c) n= 2 n n d) n= 2 n n
n= n=√ n' n ' ' ' '' ' ''
2 n +n n −n

407. If wavelength of a wave is λ=6000 Å . Then wave number will be

a) 3 −1 b) −1 −1 c) 6 −1 d) 7 −1
166 ×10 m 16.6 ×10 m 1.66 ×10 m 1.66 ×10 m

408. In a closed organ pipe, the 1st resonance occurs at 50 cm. At what length of pipe, the 2nd
resonance will occur
a) 150 cm b) 50 cm c) 100 cm d) 200 cm

409. A student determines the velocity of sound with the help of a closed organ pipe. If the
observed length for fundamental frequency is 24.7 m , the length for third harmonic will
be
a) 74.1 cm b) 72.7 cm c) 75.4 cm d) 73.1 cm

410. Two radio station broadcast their programmes at the same amplitude A and at slightly
different frequency ω 1 and ω 2 respectively whereω 2−ω 1=10 Hz . A detector is receiving
3

signals from the two stations simultaneously. It can only detect signals of intensity >2 A 2.
The time interval between successive maxima of the intensity of the signal received by
the detector is
a) 3 b) −3 c) −4 d) 4
10 s 10 s 10 s 10 s

411. A car sounding its horn at 480 Hz moves towards a high wall at a speed of20 m s−1. If the
speed of sound is 340m s−1, the frequency of the reflected sound heard by the girl sitting
in the car will be closed to
a) 540 Hz b) 524 Hz c) 568 Hz d) 480 Hz

412. The Doppler’s effect is applicable for

a) Light waves b) Sound waves c) Space waves d) Both (a) and (b)

413. Two similar sonometer wires given fundamental frequencies of 500 Hz . These have same
tensions. By what amount the tension be increased in one wire so that the two wires
produce 5 beats/ sec
a) 1% b) 2% c) 3% d) 4%

414. A tuning fork of frequency 200 Hz is in unison with a sonometer wire. The number of
beats heard per second when the tension is increased by 1% is

P a g e | 63
 a) 1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 1/2

415. A wave travelling along positive x -axis is given by y= A sin (ωt−kx) . If it is reflected from
rigid boundary such that 80% amplitude is reflected, then equation of reflected wave is
a) y= A sin (ωt +kx ) b) y=−0.8 A sin(ωt +kx )

c) y=0.8 A sin (ωt +kx ) d) y= A sin (ωt +0.8 kx )

416. Three sound waves of equal amplitude have frequencies (v-1),v,(v+1). They superpose to
give beat. The number of beats produced per second will be
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 1

417. Beats are produced by two waves given by y 1=a sin2000 πt∧ y 2 a sin 2008 πt . The number of
beats heard per second is
a) Zero b) One c) Four d) Eight

418. An observer starts moving with uniform acceleration a toward a stationary sound source
emitting a whistle of frequency n . As the observer approaches source, the apparent
frequency, heard by the observer varies with time as
a) n' b) n' c) n' d) n'
n n n
n

t t t t

419. Two organ pipes, each closed at one end, give 5 beats s−1 when emitting their
fundamental notes. If their lengths are in the ratio 50:51, their fundamental frequencies
are
a) 250,255 b) 255,260 c) 260,265 d) 265,270

420. A string is rigidly tied at two ends and its equation of vibration is given by
y=cos 2 π t sin 2 πx . Then minimum length of string is
a) 1 m b) 1 m c) 5 m d) 2 πm
2

421. The diagram below shows an instantaneous position of a string as a transverse

progressive wave travels along it from left to right

Which one of the following correctly shows the direction of the velocity of the points 1, 2
and 3 on the string
1 2 3

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 a) → → → b) → ← → c) ↓ ↓ ↓ d) ↓ ↑ ↓

422. A transverse wave propagating on a stretched string of liner density 3 ×10−4 kg−m−1 is
represented by the equation y=0.2sin (1.5 x+60 t ) where x is in meter andt is in second.
The tension in the string (in newton) is
a) 0.24 b) 0.48 c) 1.20 d) 1.80

423. Two sound waves having a phase difference of 60 o have path difference of

a) 2 λ b) λ /2 c) λ /6 d) λ /3

424. Two waves having sinusoidal waveforms have different wavelengths and different
amplitude. They will be having
a) Same pitch and different intensity b) Same quality and different intensity

c) Different quality and different intensity d) Same quality and different pitch

425. A string is stretched between fixed points separated by 75.0 cm. it is observed to have
resonant frequency of 420 Hz and 315 Hz. There are no other resonant frequencies
between these two. Then, the lowest resonant frequency for this string is
a) 105 Hz b) 1.05 Hz c) 1050 Hz d) 10.5 Hz

426. In Melde’s experiment, the string vibrates in 4 loops when a 50g weight is placed in the
pan of weight 15g. To make the string to vibrates in 6 loops the weight that has to be
removed from the pan is
a) 0.0007 kg-wt b) 0.0021 kg-wt c) 0.036 kg-wt d) 0.0029 kg-wt

427. When an engine passes near to a stationary observer then its apparent frequencies
occurs in the ratio 5/3. If the velocity of engine is (Velocity of sound is 340 m/s )
a) 540 m/s b) 270 m/s c) 85 m/s d) 52.5 m/s

428. Oxygen is 16 times heavier than hydrogen. Equal volumes of hydrogen and oxygen are
mixed. The ratio of speed of sound in the mixture to that in hydrogen is
a)
√8 b)
√ 2
17
c)
√ 1
8
d)
√ 32
17

429. Ultrasonic signal sent from SONAR returns to it after reflection from a rock after a lapse
of 1 sec . If the velocity of ultrasound in water is 1600 m s−1 , the depth of the rock in water
is
a) 300 m b) 400 m c) 500 m d) 800 m

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430. Two identical stringed instruments have frequency 100 Hz . If tension in one of them is
increased by 4% and they are sounded together then the number of beats in one second
is
a) 1 b) 8 c) 4 d) 2

431. Two wires of the same material and radii r and 2 r respectively are velded together end to
end. The combination is used as a sonometer wire and kept under tensionT . The welded
point is midway between the two bridges. When stationary waves are set up in the
composite wire, the joint is a node. Then the ratio of the number of loops formed in the
thinner to thicker wire is
a) 2:3 b) 1:2 c) 2:1 d) 5:4

432. A string fixed at both ends oscillates in 5 segments, length 10m and velocity of wave is
20 m s . What is the frequency?
−1

a) 5 Hz b) 15 Hz c) 10 Hz d) 2 Hz

A progressive wave in a medium is represented by the equation y=0.1sin 10 πt− ( )

433. 5
πx
11
where y and x are in cm and t in second. The wavelength and velocity of the wave is
a) 5 cm , 31.4 cm s−1 b) −1 c) −1 d) 11 cm , 22 cm s−1
4.4 cm ,22 cm s 2.2 cm ,11cm s
11 5

434. A tuning fork of frequency 512 Hz is used to produce vibrations in a sonometer wire of
natural frequency 256 Hz. The wire will vibrate in
a) One segment b) Two segments c) Four segments d) Three segments

435. If the pressure amplitude in a sound wave is tripled, then the intensity of sound is
increased by a factor of
a) 9 b) 3 c) 6 d)
√3

436. The fractional change in wavelength of light coming from a star is 0.014% what is its
velocity?
a) 3 −1 b) 8 −1 c) 3 −1 d) 4 −1
42 ×10 m s 3.8 ×10 m s 3.5 ×10 m s 4.2 ×10 m s

437. Velocity of sound in air is

a) Faster in dry air than in moist air b) Directly proportional to pressure

c) Directly proportional to temperature d) Independent of pressure of air

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438. A man, standing between two cliffs, claps his hands and starts hearing a series of echoes
at intervals of one second. If the speed of sound in air is 340 m s−1, the distance between
the cliffs is
a) 680 m b) 1700 m c) 340 m d) 1620 m

439. A particle on the trough of a wave at any instant will come to the mean position after a
time(T=time period)
a) T b) T c) T d) 2T
2 4

440. In an experiment with sonameter a tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz resonates with a
length of 25 cm and another tuning fork resonates with a length of 16 cm. tension of the
string remaining constant the frequency of the second tuning fork is
a) 163.84 Hz b) 400 Hz c) 320 Hz d) 204.8 Hz

441. A sonometer wire 100 cm long has a fundamental frequency of 330 Hz. The velocity of
propagation of transverse waves on the wire is
a) 330 −1 b) 660 −1 c) −1 d) −1
ms ms 990 m s 115 m s

442. When a tuning fork vibrates, the waves produced in the fork are

a) Longitudinal b) Transverse c) Progressive d) Stationary

443. The equation of a wave on a string of liner mass density 0.04 kgm−1is given by

. the tension in the string is

[ (
y=0.02 ( m ) sin 2 π
t
−
x
)]
0.04 ( s ) 0.50 ( m )
a) 4.0N b) 12.5N c) 0.5N d) 6.25N

444. Of the following, the equation of plane progressive wave is

a) y=r sin ωt b) y=r sin (ωt−kx) c) y = a sin (ωt−kx ) d) y = a sin ( ωt−kx )

√r r

445. Two closed organ pipes A and B, have the same length. A is wider than B . They resonate
in the fundamental mode at frequencies n A and n B respectively, then
a) n =n b) n >n

d) Either (b) or (c) depending on the ratio of

A B A B

their diameters
c) n <n
A B

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446. A person carrying a whistle emitting continuously a note of 272 Hz is running towards a
reflecting surface with a speed of 18 km/hour . The speed of sound in air is 345 m s−1 . The
number of beats heard by him is
a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 3

447. A pipe open at both the ends produce a note of fundamental frequency v 1 When the pipe

is kept with th of its length in water, it produces a note of fundamental frequency v 2 .

3
4

The ration of is
v1
v2
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 1
3 4 2

The displacement of the interfering sound waves are y 1=4 sin ωt and y 2=3 sin ωt +
( )
448. π
.
2
What is the amplitude of the resultant wave
a) 5 b) 7 c) 1 d) 0

449. A sound absorber the sound level by 20 dB. The intensity decreases by a factor of

a) 1000 b) 10000 c) 10 d) 100

450. The intensity of sound increases at night due to

a) Increase in density of air b) Decreases in density of air

c) Low temperature d) None of these

451. Stationary waves

a) Transport energy b) Does not transport energy

c) Have nodes and antinodes d) Both (b) and (c)

452. Air is blown at the mouth of a tube of length 25 cm and diameter equal to 2 cm open at
both ends. If velocity of sound in air in 330 m s−1, the sound emitted will have all the
frequency in the group
a) 330,990,1690 Hz b) 302,664,1320 Hz c) 660,1320,1980 Hz d) 660,100,3300 Hz

453. The intensity of sound from a radio at a distance of 2 metres from its speaker is
1 ×10 μW /m . The intensity at a distance of 10 meters would be
−2 2

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 a) −2 2 b) −2 2 c) −4 2 d) −2 2
0.2 ×10 μW /m 1 ×10 μW /m 4 ×10 μW /m 5 ×10 μW /m

454. A wave motion has the function y=a0 sin(ωt −kx ). The graph in figure shows how the
displacement y at a fixed point varies with time t . Which one of the labelled points shows

a displacement equal to that at the position x= at time t=0

π
2k
y
S
a0
P R
t

a) P b) Q c) R d) S

455. The distance between two consecutive crests in a wave train produced in a string in 5 cm .
If 2 complete waves pass through any point per second, the velocity of the wave is
a) 10 cm/sec b) 2.5 cm/ sec c) 5 cm/sec d) 15 cm/sec

456. A steel rod 100 cm long is clamped at its mid-point. The funda-mental frequency of
longitudinal vibrations of the rod is given to be 2.53 kHz . What is the speed of sound in
steel
a) 5.06 km/ s b) 6.06 km/ s c) 7.06 km/ s d) 8.06 km/ s

457. The equation of a wave is given as y=0.07 sin ( 12 πx−3000 πt ) where x is in metre and t in
second, then the correct statement is
a) λ= 1 , v=250 ms−1 b) a=0.07m, −1
v=300 m s
d) None of the above
6m
c) N=1500, −1
v=200 m s

458. The frequency of a rod is 200 Hz . If the velocity of sound in air is 340 m s−1 , the wavelength
of the sound produced is
a) 1.7 cm b) 6.8 cm c) 1.7 m d) 6.8 m

459. A 20 cm long string, having a mass of 1.0 g, is fixed at both the ends. The tension in the
string is 0.5 N. the string is set into vibration using an external vibrator of frequency 100
Hz. Find the separation (in cm) between the successive nodes on the string
a) 5 b) 6 c) 2 d) 3/2

460. Two forks A and B when sounded together produce four beats s−1 . The fork A is in unison
with 30 cm length of a sonometer wire and B is in unison with 25 cm length of the same

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 wire at the same tension. The frequencies of the forks are
a) 24 Hz, 28 Hz b) 20 Hz, 24 Hz c) 16 Hz, 20 Hz d) 26 Hz, 30 Hz

461. In a resonance tube the first resonance with a tuning fork occurs at 16 cm and second at
49 cm. If the velocity of sound is 330 m/s , the frequency of tuning fork is
a) 500 b) 300 c) 330 d) 165

462. A source is moving towards a stationary observer, so that the apparent frequency
increases by 50%. If velocity of sound is 330 m s−1 , then velocity of source is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
220 m s 180 m s 150 m s 110 m s

463. A heavy uniform rope changes vertically from the ceiling, with its lower end free. A
disturbance on the rope travelling upwards from the lower end has a velocity v at a
distance x from the lower end such that
a) v ∝ x b) c) v ∝ 1 d) v ∝ 1
v ∝ √x
x √x

464. If in an experiment for determination of velocity of sound by resonance tube method

using a tuning fork of 512 Hz , first resonance was observed at 30.7 cm and second was
obtained at 63.2 cm , then maximum possible error in velocity of sound is (consider actual
speed of sound in air is 332 m/s)
a) 204 cm/sec b) 110 cm/sec c) 58 cm/sec d) 80 cm/ sec

465. A wave is represented by the equation y=0.5 sin ⁡(10 t+ x)m.It is a travelling wave
propagating along +X direction with velocity
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) None of these
40 ms 20 m s 5ms

466. An iron load of 2 kg is suspended in air from the free end of a sonometer wire of length
1m. A tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz is in resonance with 1/ √ 7 time the length of the
sonometer wire. If the load is immersed in metre that will be in resonance with the same
tuning fork is (specified gravity of iron=8)
a) b) c) 1 d) 1
√8 √6
√6 √8

467. Two travelling waves y 1= A sin [k (x−ct )] and y 2= A sin [k (x +ct)] are superimposed on
string. The distance between adjacent nodes is
a) ct / π b) ct /2 π c) π /2 k d) π /k

468. Learned Indian classical vocalists do not like the accompaniment of a harmonium
because

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 a) Intensity of the notes of the harmonium is too large

b) Notes of the harmonium are too shrill

c) Diatonic scale is used in the harmonium

d) Tempered scale is used in the harmonium

469. An observer moves towards a stationary source of sound with a velocity one-fifth of the
velocity of sound. What is the percentage increases in the apparent frequency?
a) Zero b) 0.5% c) 5% d) 20%

470. A whistle of frequency 540 Hz rerates in a horizontal circle of radius 2m at an angular

speed of 15rad s−1 . The highest frequency heard by a listener at rest with respect to the
center of circle (velocity of sound in air =330 m s−1)
a) 590 Hz b) 594 Hz c) 598 Hz d) 602 Hz

471. In an orchestra, the musical sounds of different instruments are distinguished from one
another by which of the following characteristics
a) Pitch b) Loudness c) Quality d) Overtones

472. In the fundamental mode, time taken by the wave to reach the closed end of the air filled
pipe is 0.01s. the fundamental frequency is
a) 25 b) 12.5 c) 20 d) 15

473. The second overtone of an open pipe is in resonance with the first overtone of a closed
pipe of length 2m. length of the open pipe is
a) 4m b) 2m c) 8m d) 1m

474. Equation of motion in the same direction is given by y 1= A sin (ωt−kx), y 2= A sin ( ωt −kx−θ ) .
The amplitude of the medium particle will be
a) 2 A cos θ b) 2 A cos θ c) √ 2 A cos
θ d)
2 2 √ 2 A cos θ

475. The angle between particle velocity and wave velocity in a transverse wave is

a) Zero b) π /4 c) π /2 d) π

476. A tuning fork of frequency 330 Hz resonates with an air column of length 120 cm in a
cylindrical tube, in the fundamental mode. When water is slowly poured in it, the
minimum height of water required for observing resonance once again is (velocity of

P a g e | 71
 sound 330 m s−1)
a) 75 cm b) 60 cm c) 50 cm d) 45 cm

477. Two closed organ pipe A and pipe B have the same length. A is wider than B. they
resonate in the fundamental mode at frequencies v A ∧v❑respectively, then
a) v =v
A B

b) v >v
A B

c) v <v

d) Either (b) or (c) depending on the ratio of their diameters

A B

478. A car is moving along x-axis with a velocity v=20 m/s. it sounds a whistle of frequency
660 Hz. If the speed of sound is 340 m/s, the apparent frequency heard by the observer
O (shown in the figure) is

a) 680 Hz b) 640 Hz c) 700 Hz d) 720 Hz

479. The extension in a string obeying Hook’s law is x. the speed of sound in the stretched
string is v. if the extension in the string is increased to 1.5x, the speed of sound will be
a) 1.22v b) 0.61v c) 1.50v d) 0.75v

480. If source and observer both are relatively at rest and if speed of sound is increased then
frequency heard by observer will
a) Increases b) Decreases c) Can not be d) Will not change
predicated

481. The velocity of waves in a string fixed at both ends is 2 m/s . The string forms standing
waves with nodes 5.0 cm apart. The frequency of vibration of the string in Hz is
a) 40 b) 30 c) 20 d) 10

482. Two tuning forks have frequencies 380 and 384 hz respectively. When they are sounded
together, they produce 4 beats. After hearing the maximum sound, how long will it take
to hear the minimum sound
a) 1/2 sec b) 1/4 sec c) 1/8 sec d) 1/16 sec

483. The two interfering waves have intensities in the ratio 9 : 4. The ratio of intensities of
maxima and minima in the interference pattern will be

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 a) 1 : 25 b) 25 : 1 c) 9 : 4 d) 4 : 9

484. When a string is divided into three segments of length l 1 ,l 2 and l 3 the fundamental
frequencies of these three segments are v 1 , v 2 and v 3 respectively. The original
fundamental frequency (v) of the string is
a) v = v + v + v b) v=v + v + v
√ √ 1 √ 2 √ 3 1 2 3

c) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 d) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1
v v1 v2 v3 √ v √ v1 √ v2 √ v3

485. An organ pipe, open at both ends produces 5 beats/s when vibrates with a source of
frequency 200 Hz. The second of the same pipe produces 10 beats/s with a source of
frequency 420 Hz. The frequency of source is
a) 195 Hz b) 205 Hz c) 190 Hz d) 210 Hz

486. A source of sound is moving with constant velocity of 20 m/s emitting a note of frequency
1000 Hz . The ratio of frequencies observed by a stationary observer while the source is
approaching him and after it crosses him will be
(Speed of sound v=340 m/s )
a) 9 : 8 b) 8 : 9 c) 1 : 1 d) 9 : 10

487. In the experiment for the determination of the speed of sound in air using the resonance
column the resonates in the fundamental mode, with a tuning fork is 0.1m. When this
length is changed to 0.35m, the same tuning fork resonates with the first overtone.
Calculate the end correction.
a) 0.012 m b) 0.025 m c) 0.05 m d) 0.024 m

488. The speed of in air is 340 m/s. the speed with which a source of sound should move
towards a stationary observer so that the apparent frequency becomes twice of the
original is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
640 m s 340 m s 170 m s 85 m s

489. Stationary waves of frequency 300 Hz are formed in a medium in which the velocity of
sound is 1200 metre /sec . The distance between a node and the neighbouring antinode is
a) 1 m b) 2 m c) 3 m d) 4 m

490. A wave is represented by the equation y=a cos (kx-ωt) is superposed with another wave
to form a stationary wave such that the point x=0 is a node. The equation of the other
wave is
a) a sin (kx+ωt) b) - a sin (kx-ωt) c) -a cos (kx+ωt) d) a cos (kx+ωt)

P a g e | 73
491. A source of sound of frequency 256 Hz is moving towards a wall with a velocity of 5 m s−1.
Velocity of sound is330 ms−1 .The number of beats s−1 heard by an observer standing
between the source and the wall is nearly
a) 256 ×330 − 256 ×330 b) 256− 256 × 330
325 325 325
c) 256 ×330 256 × 330 d) 256 ×330
× −256
325 335 325

492. A spherical source of power 4 W and frequency 800 Hz is emitting sound waves. The
intensity of waves at a distance 200 m is
a) −6 2 b) −4 2 c) −4 2 d) 2
8 ×10 W /m 2 ×10 W /m 1 ×10 W /m 4 W /m

493. The frequency of a tuning fork is 384 per second and velocity of sound in air is 352 m/s .
How far the sound has traversed while fork completes 36 vibration
a) 3 m b) 13 m c) 23 m d) 33 m

494. Two trains, one coming towards and another going away from an observer both at 4 m/s
produce whistle simultaneously of frequency 300 Hz . Find the number of beats produced
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 12

The equation of wave is represented by Y =10 [ ]m ,then the velocity of wave

495. −4 x
sin 100 t−
10
will be
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) zero
100 m s 4ms 1000 m s

496. A string vibrates with a frequency of 200 Hz. When its length is doubled and tension is
altered, it begins to vibrate with a frequency of 300 Hz. The ratio of the new tension to
the original tension is
a) 9:1 b) 1:9 c) 3:1 d) 1:3

497. Two sources produce sound waves of equal amplitudes and travelling along the same
direction producing 18 beats in 3 seconds. If one source has a frequency of 341 Hz, the
frequency of the other source may be
a) 329 or 353 Hz b) 335 or 347 Hz c) 338 or 344 Hz d) 332 or 350 Hz

498. If the equation of transverse wave is y=sin (kx-2t), then the maximum particle velocity is

a) 4 unit b) 2 unit c) Zero d) 6 unit

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499. a segment of wire vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 450 Hz under a tension of 9
kg-wt. then tension at which the fundamental frequency of the same wire becomes 900
Hz is
a) 36 kg-wt b) 27 kg-wt c) 18 kg-wt d) 72 kg-wt

500. Stationary waves are set up in air column. Velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s and
frequency is 165 Hz . Then distance between the nodes is
a) 2 m b) 1 m c) 0.5 m d) 4 m

501. Two whistles A and B produce notes of frequencies 660 Hz and 596 Hz respectively. There
is a listener at the mid-point of the line joining them. Now the whistle B and the listener
start moving with speed 30 m/s away from the whistle A . If speed of sound be 330 m/s ,
how many beats will be heard by the listener
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8

502. An open pipe is in resonance in 2nd harmonic with frequency v 1 Now one end of the tube
is closed and frequency is increased to v 2 such that the resonance again occurs in nth
harmonic. Choose the correct option.
a) n=3 , v = 3 v b) n=3 , v − 5 v c) n=5 , v = 5 v d) n=5 , v = 3 v
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
4 4 4 4

503. The superposing waves are represented by the following equations :

y 1=5 sin 2 π (10 t−0.1 x ), y 2=10 sin 2 π (20 t−0.2 x)

Ratio of intensities will be

I max
I min
a) 1 b) 9 c) 4 d) 16

504. An Indian submarine and an enemy submarine move towards each other during
maneuvers in motionless water in the Indian ocean. The Indian submarine moves at
50 km/h , and the enemy submarine at 70 km/h . The Indian sub sends out a sonar signal
(sound wave in water) at 1000 Hz . Sonar waves travel at 5500 km/h . What is the frequency
detected by the Indian submarine

a) 1.04 kHz b) 2 kHz c) 2.5 kHz d) 4.7 kHz

505. The displacement of a particle is given by

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 x=3 sin ( 5 πt ) + 4 cos (5 πt)
The amplitude of the particle is
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 7

506. A glass tube of length 1.0 m is completely filled with water. A vibrating tuning fork of
frequency 500 Hz is kept over the mouth of the tube and water is drained out slowly at
the bottom of tube. If velocity of sound in air is 330 m s−1, then the total number of
resonance that occur will be
a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 5

507. Two Cu wires of radii R1∧R 2such that ( R1 > R2 ) . Then which of the following is true?

a) Transverse wave travels after in thicker b) Transverse wave travels faster in thinner
wire wire
c) Travels with the same speed in both the d) Does not travel
wires

508. The phase difference between two points separated by 1 m in a wire of frequency 120 Hz
is 90 o . The wave velocity is
a) 180 m/s b) 240 m/s c) 480 m/ s d) 720 m/s

509. Suppose that the speed of sound in air at a given temperature is 400 m/ sec . An engine
blows a whistle at 1200 Hz frequency. It is approaching an observer at the speed of
100 m/sec . What is the apparent frequency as heard by the observer
a) 600 Hz b) 1200 Hz c) 1500 Hz d) 1600 Hz

510. If the velocity of sound in air is 350 m/s . Then the fundamental frequency of an open
organ pipe of length 50 cm , will be
a) 350 Hz b) 1.75 Hz c) 900 Hz d) 750 Hz

511. The driver of a car travelling with speed 30 metres per second towards a hill sounds a horn
of frequency 600 Hz . If the velocity of sound in air is 330 metres per second , the frequency of
the reflected sound as heard by the driver is
a) 720 Hz b) 555.5 Hz c) 550 Hz d) 500 Hz

512. The distance between the nearest node and antinode in a stationary wave is

a) λ b) λ /2 c) λ /4 d) 2 λ

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 If the wave equation y=0.08 sin (200 t−x ) then the velocity of the wave will be
513. 2π

c) 400 d) 200
λ
a) b)
400 √ 2 200 √ 2

514. Two closed organ pipes of length 100 c m and 101 cm produce 16 beats in 20 sec . When
each pipe is sounded in its fundamental mode calculate the velocity of sound
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
303 m s 332 m s 323.2 m s 300 m s

515. Speed of sound in mercury at a certain temperature is 1450 m/s . Given the density of
mercury as 13.6 ×10 3 kg /m 3 , the bulk modulus for mercury is
a) 10 3 b) 10 3 c) 10 3 d) 10 3
2.86 ×10 N /m 3.86 ×10 N /m 4.86 × 10 N /m 5.86 ×10 N /m

516. The displacement-time graphs for two sound waves A and B are shown in the figure,
then the ratio of their intensities I A / I B is equal to
2
A

1
B
0

C
–1

a) 1 : 4 b) 1 : 16 c) 1 : 2 d) 1 : 1
–2

517. Two sirens situated one kilometer apart are producing sound of frequency 330 Hz . An
observer starts moving from one siren to the other with a speed of 2 m/s . If the speed of
sound be 330 m/s , what will be the beat frequency heard by the observer
a) 8 b) 4 c) 6 d) 1

518. Sound waves travel at 350 m/s through a warm air and at 3500 m/s through brass. The
wavelength of a 700 Hz acoustic wave as it enters brass from warm air
a) Decreases by a factor 20 b) Decreases by a factor 10

c) Increases by a factor 20 d) Increases by a factor 10

519. A source of sound of frequency 500 Hz is moving towards an observer with velocity
30 m s .The speed of sound is 330 m s .The frequency heard by the observer will be
−1 −1

a) 545 Hz b) 580 Hz c) 558.3 Hz d) 550 Hz

520. A 1 cm long string vibrates with fundamental frequency of 256 Hz . If the length is reduced

to cm keeping the tension unaltered, the new fundamental frequency will be

1
4
P a g e | 77
 a) 64 b) 256 c) 512 d) 1024

521. A tuning fork and a sonometer wire were sounded together and produce 4 beats per
second. When the length of sonometer wire is 95 cm or 100 cm , the frequency of the
tuning fork is
a) 156 Hz b) 152 Hz c) 148 Hz d) 160 Hz

522. The following equations represents progressive transverse waves Z1 =A cos ( ωt−kX ),
Z 2=A cos ⁡(ωt +kX ), Z3 =A cos ⁡(ωt−kY ) , Z 4= A cos ⁡(2 ωt−2kY ). A stationary wave will be
formed by superposing
a) Z ∧Z b) Z ∧Z c) Z ∧Z d) Z ∧Z
1 2 1 4 2 3 3 4

523. Sound waves in air always longitudinal because

a) Of the inherent characteristics of sound waves in air

b) Air does not have a modulus of rigidity

c) Air is a mixture of several gases

d) Density of air is very small

524. The tension of a stretched string is increased by 69%. In order to keep its frequency of
vibration constant, its length must be increased by
a) 20% b) 30% c) d) 69%
√
69 %

525. Two tuning forks when sounded together produced 4 beats/sec . The frequency of one fork
is 256. The number of beats heard increases when the fork of frequency 256 is loaded
with wax. The frequency of the other fork is
a) 504 b) 520 c) 260 d) 252

526. Two passenger trains moving with a speed of 108 km/hour cross each other. One of them
blows a whistle whose frequency is 750 Hz . If sound speed is 330 m/s , then passengers
sitting in the other train, after trains cross each other will hear sound whose frequency
will be
a) 900 Hz b) 625 Hz c) 750 Hz d) 800 Hz

527. The velocity of sound I air is 330 ms−1 . The rms velocity of air molecules (γ=1.4 ) is
approximately equal to
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
400 ms 471.4 m s 231 m s 462 m s

P a g e | 78
528. A closed organ pipe and an open pipe of same length produce 2 beats s−1 when they are
set into vibrations together in fundamental mode. The length of open pipe is now halved
and that of closed pipe is doubled. The number of beats produced will be
a) 7 b) 4 c) 8 d) 2

529. A source of sound of frequency 256 Hz is moving rapidly towards a wall with a velocity of
5 m/s . The speed of sound is 330 m/s . If the observer is between the wall and the source,
then beats per second heard will be
a) 7.8 Hz b) 7.7 Hz c) 3.9 Hz d) Zero

530. If the temperature is raised by 1 K from 300 K the percentage change in the speed of
sound in the gaseous mixture is (R=8.31 J/mol-K)
a) 0.167% b) 0.334% c) 1% d) 2%

531. The frequency of the fundamental note in a wire stretched under tension T is v. if the
tension is increased to 25T, then the frequency of the fundamental note will be
a) 25v b) 5v c) 10v d) V

532. If the speed of the wave shown in the figure is 330 m/s in the given medium, then the
equation of the wave propagating in the positive x -direction will be (all quantities are in
M.K.S. units)
y
0.05 m

0.25 m

a) y=0.05 sin2 π (4000t−12.5 x ) b) y=0.05 sin2 π (4000t−122.5 x )

c) y=0.05 sin2 π (3300 t−10 x) d) y=0.05 sin2 π (3300 x−10 t)

533. If two waves of the same frequency and amplitude respectively on superposition produce
a resultant disturbance of the same amplitude, the waves differ in phase by
a) Π b) Zero c) Π/3 d) 2π/3

The fundamental frequency of a closed pipe is 220 Hz . If of the pipe is filled with water,
534. 1

the frequency of the first overtone of the pipe now is

4

a) 220 Hz b) 440 Hz c) 880 Hz d) 1760 Hz

P a g e | 79
535. Equations of a stationary wave and a travelling wave are y 1=a sin kx cos ωt and

y 2=a sin ⁡(ωt −kx ). The phase difference between two points x 1= and x 2= are ϕ 1 and
π 3π
3k 2k
ϕ 2 respectively for the two waves. The ratio ϕ 1 /ϕ 2is
a) 1 b) 5/6 c) 3/4 d) 6/7

536. 16 tuning forks are arranged in the order of increasing frequencies. Any two successive
forks give 8 beats per sec when sounded together. If the frequency of the last fork is
twice the first, then the frequency of the first fork is
a) 120 b) 160 c) 180 d) 220

537. An aeroplanebe is above the head of an observer and the sound appears to be coming at
an angle of 600 with the vertical. If velocity of sound is v , then the speed of aeroplane is
a) v b) √ 3 v c) v d) 2
2 2

538. Two waves coming from two coherent sources, having different intensities interfere their
ratio of maximum intensity to the minimum intensity is 25. The intensities of the sources
are in the ratio
a) 25 : 1 b) 25 : 16 c) 9 : 4 d) 5 : 1

539. Quality of a musical note depends on

a) Harmonics present b) Amplitude of the wave

c) Fundamental frequency d) Velocity of sound in the medium

540. The speed of a wave in a medium is 762 m/s . If 3600 waves are passing through a point,
in the medium in 2 minutes, then its wavelength is
a) 13.8 m b) 25.3 m c) 41.5 m d) 57.2 m

541. The speed of sound oxygen (O2 ) at a certain temperature is 460 ms−1 . The speed of sound
in helium (He) at the same temperature will be (assume both gases to be ideal)
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
500 m s 650 m s 330 m s 1420 m s

542. A vehicle with a horn of frequency n is moving with a velocity of 30 m s−1 in a direction
perpendicular to the straight line joining the observer and the vehicle. The observer
perceives the sound to have a frequency (n+ n1).If the sound velocity in air is 300 m s−1,
then

P a g e | 80
 a) n =10 n b) n =0 c) n =0.1 n d) n =−0.1 n
1 1 1 1

543. A whistle producing sound waves of frequency 9500 Hz above is approaching a

stationary person with speed v m s−1. The velocity of sound in air is 300 m s−1. If the person
can hear frequency up to a maximum of 10,000 Hz, the maximum value of v up to which
he can hear the whistle is
a) b) c) d)
15 √ 2m s 15/ √ 2 m s
−1 −1 −1 −1
15 m s 30 m s

544. The tension in a piano wire is 10N. What should be the tension in the wire to produce a
note of double the frequency
a) 5 N b) 20 N c) 40 N d) 80 N

545. A source producing sound of frequency 170 Hz is approaching a stationary observer with
a velocity 17 m s−1 . The apparent change in the wavelength of sound heard by the
observer is (speed of sound in air ¿ 340 m s−1)
a) 0.1 m b) 0.2 m c) 0.4 m d) 0.5 m

546. A resonance air column of length 20 cm resonated with a tuning fork of frequency 250 Hz .
The speed of sound in air is
a) 300 m/s b) 200 m/s c) 150 m/s d) 75 m/s

547. The wavelength of a wave is 990 cm and that of other is 100 cm. speed of sound is
396 m/s .The number of beats heard is
a) 4 b) 5 c) 1 d) 8

548. There are three of sources of sound of equal intensity with frequencies 400, 401 and
402 vib/sec . The number of beats heard per second is
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

549. With what velocity should an observer approach stationary sound source, so that
apparent frequency of sound should appear double the actual frequency? (v is velocity of
sound)
a) v b) 3v c) 2v d) V
2

550. An organ pipe is closed at one end has fundamental frequency of 1500 Hz . The maximum
number of overtones generated by this pipe which a normal person can hear is
a) 14 b) 13 c) 6 d) 9

P a g e | 81
551. The apparent frequency of a note is 200 Hz, when a listener is moving with a velocity of
40 ms towards a stationary source. When he moves away from the same source with the
−1

same speed, the apparent frequency of the same notes is 160 Hz. The velocity of sound
in air in m s−1is
a) 340 b) 330 c) 360 d) 320

552. A fork of unknown frequency gives four beats s−1 when sounded with another of
frequency 256. The fork is now loaded with a piece of wax and again four beats s−1 are
heard. Then the frequency of the unknown fork is
a) 256 Hz b) 252 Hz c) 264 Hz d) 260 Hz

553. A tuning fork gives 5 beats with another tuning fork of frequency 100 Hz . When the first
tuning fork is loaded with wax, then the number of beats remains unchanged, then what
will be the frequency of the first tuning fork
a) 95 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 105 Hz d) 110 Hz

554. A transverse sinusoidal wave moves along a string in positive x-direction at a speed of 10
cm s . The wavelength of the wave is 0.5 m and its amplitude is 10.cm at a particular
time t, the snap-shot of the wave is shown in figure. The velocity of point P when its
−2

displacement is 5 cm is
y

P
x

a) √3 π ^jm s−1 b) −√ 3 π ^j ms−1 c) √3 π i^ m s−1 d) −√ 3 π ^j ms−1

50 50 50 50

555. Beats are produced with the help of two sound waves of amplitudes 3 and 5 units . The
ratio of maximum to minimum intensity in the beats is
a) 2 : 1 b) 5 : 3 c) 4 : 1 d) 16 : 1

556. A tuning fork vibrates with 2 beats in 0.04 second. The frequency of the fork is

a) 50 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 80 Hz d) None of these

P a g e | 82
557. The wavelength of ultrasonic waves in air is of the order of

a) −1 b) −3 c) 1 d) 3
5 ×10 cm 5 ×10 cm 5 ×10 cm 5 ×10 cm

558. Frequency of a sonometer wire is n . Now its tension is increased 4 times and its length is
doubled then new frequency will be
a) n /2 b) 4 n c) 2 n d) n

559. A motor cycle starts from rest and accelerates along a straight path at 2 m s−2. At the
starting point of the motor cycle gone when the driver hears the frequency of the siren
at 94% of its value when the motor cycle was rest? (Speed =330 m s−1)
a) 49 m b) 98 m c) 147 m d) 196 m

560. An open organ pipe has fundamental frequency 100 Hz. What frequency will be
produced if its one end is closed?
a) 100,200,300…… b) 50,150,250…… c) 50,100, 200,300…. d) 50,100,150,200……

561. The particles of a medium vibrate about their mean positions whenever a wave travels
through that medium. The phase difference between the vibrations of two such particles
a) Varies with time b) Varies with distance separating them

c) Varies with time as well as distance d) Is always zero

562. Which of the following is not the transverse wave

a) X-rays b) γ -rays c) Visible light wave d) Sound wave in gas

563. In sine wave, minimum distance between 2 particles always having same speed is

a) λ b) λ c) λ d) λ
2 4 3

564. In a sinusoidal wave, the time required for a particular point to move from maximum
displacement to zero displacement is 0.14s. the frequency of the wave is
a) 0.42 Hz b) 2.75 Hz c) 1.79 Hz d) 0.56 Hz

565. The Speed of sound in a mixture of 1 mole of helium and 2 moles of oxygen at 27 0 C is

a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
800 m s 400.8 ms 600 m s 1200 m s

P a g e | 83
566. For simple harmonic vibrations y 1=8 cosωt
π
y 2=4 cos ⁡(ωt + )
2
y 3=2 cos ⁡(ωt + π )

( are superimposed on one another. The resulting amplitude and phase are
)
3π
y 4 =cos ωt +
2
respectively

√ 45and tan ( 2 ) √ 45and tan ( 13 ) √ 75and tan−1 ( 2 ) √ 75and tan ( 3 )

a) −1 1 b) −1 c) d) −1 1

567. Two waves are approaching each other with a velocity of 20 m/s and frequency n . The
distance between two consecutive nodes is
a) 20 b) 10 c) 5 d) n
n n n 10

568. The electric field part of an electromagnetic wave in a medium is represented by E x =0 ;

E y =2.5
N
C [(
cos 2 π ×10 6
rad
m ) (
t− π ×10−2
rad
s
x ; ) ]
E2=0. The wave is
a) Moving along y direction with frequency
2 π × 10 Hz and wavelength 200 m
6

b) Moving along x direction with frequency 6

10 Hz and wavelength 100 m
c) Moving along x direction with frequency 6
10 Hz and wavelength 200 m
d) Moving along −x direction with frequency 6
10 Hz and wavelength 200 m

569. Two wires are producing fundamental notes of the same frequency. Change in which of
the following factors of one wire will not produce beats between them
a) Amplitude of the vibrations b) Material of the wire

c) Stretching force d) Diameter of the wires

570. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s . The speed with which a source of sound should
move towards a stationary observer so that the apparent frequency becomes twice of the
original
a) 640 m/s b) 340 m/s c) 170 m/s d) 85 m/s

571. Two open organ pipes of length 25 cm and 25.5 cm produce 10 beat /sec . The velocity of
sound will be
a) 255 m/s b) 250 m/s c) 350 m/s d) None of these

572. Two uniform strings A and Bmade of steel are made to vibrate under the same tension. If

P a g e | 84
 the first overtone of A is equal to the second overtone of B and if the radius of A is twice
that of B, the ratio of the lengths of the strings is
a) 2:1 b) 3:4 c) 3:2 d) 1:3

573. The tension in a wire is decreased by 19%. The percentage decrease in frequency will be

a) 19% b) 10% c) 0.19% d) None of these

574. A sounding source of frequency 500 Hz moves towards a stationary observer with a
velocity30 m s−1. If the velocity of sound in air is 330 m s−1, find frequency heard by the
observer.
a) 500 Hz b) 550 Hz c) 355 Hz d) 55.5 Hz

575. The amplitude of wave disturbance propagating in positive direction of X –axis is given

by y= 2 at t=0 and by 2 at t=2s where x and y are in meters. The shape of

1 1
y=
1+ ( x−1 )
the wave disturbance does not change during propagation. The velocity of the wave is
1+ x

a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
0.5 m s 2.0 m s 1.0 m s 4.0 ms

576. A plane EM wave of frequency 30 MHz travels in free space along the x -direction. The
electric field component of the wave at a particular point of space and time E=6 V /m
along y -direction. Its magnetic field component B at this point would be
a) −8
2 ×10 T along z -direction b) −6
T along x -direction
6 ×10
c)
2 ×10
−8
T along y -direction d)
6 ×10
−8
T along z -direction

577. Two strings with masses per unit length of 25 gc m−1 and 9 gc m−1 are joined together in
series. The reflection coefficient for the vibration waves is
a) 9 b) 3 c) 1 d) 9
25 5 16 16

578. The difference between the apparent frequency of a source of sound as perceived by the
observer during its approach and recession is 2% of the frequency of the source. If the
speed of sound in air is 300 m s−1, the velocity of the source is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
1.5 m s 12 m s 6ms 3ms

579. The temperature at which the speed of sound in air becomes double of its value at 0 ℃ is

a) 273 K b) 546 K c) 1092 K d) 0 K

P a g e | 85
580. Two tuning fork of frequency n1 and n2 produces n beats per second. If n2 and n are
known, n1 may be given by
a) n2 b) n n c) n ± n d) n2
+ n2 2 2 −n2
n n

581. The displacement y of a wave travelling in the x -direction is given by

y=10 sin ⁡(600 t−2 x + ) meters, where x is expressed in meters and t is second. The
−4 π
3
speed of the wave-motion, in m s−1, is
a) 200 b) 300 c) 600 d) 1200

582. An open pipe is in resonance in its 2nd harmonic with tuning fork of frequency f 1 . Now it
is closed at one end. If the frequency of the tuning fork is increased slowly from f 1 then
again a resonance is obtained with a frequency f 2 . If in this case the pipe vibrates nth
harmonics then
a) n=3 , f = 3 f b) n=3 , f = 5 f c) n=5 , f = 5 f d) n=5 , f = 3 f
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
4 4 4 4

583. In 1 m long open pipe what is the harmonic of resonance obtain with a tuning fork of
frequency 480 Hz?
a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth

For the stationary wave y=4 sin ( 15πx ) cos( 96 πt ), the distance between a node and the next
584.

antinode is
a) 7.5 b) 15 c) 22.5 d) 30

585. Two sound waves of slightly different frequencies propagating in the same direction
produce beats due to
a) Interference b) Diffraction c) Polarization d) Refraction

586. Two waves having equations

x 1=a sin ( ωt+ ϕ 1) , x 2=a sin (ωt +ϕ 2)
If in the resultant wave the frequency and amplitude remain equal to those of
superimposing waves. Then phase difference between them is
a) π /6 b) 2 π /3 c) π /4 d) π /3

A train approaches a stationary observer, the velocity of train being of the velocity of
587. 1

sound. A sharp blast is blown with the whistle of the engine at equal intervals of a
20

second. The interval between the successive blasts as heard by the observer is
P a g e | 86
 a) 1 s b) 1 min c) 19 s d) 10 min
20 20 20 20

588. If the amplitude of sound is doubled and the frequency reduced to one-fourth, the
intensity of sound at the same point will be
a) Increased by a factor of 2 b) Decreased by a factor of 2

c) Decreased by a factor of 4 d) Unchanged

589. Two tuning forks A and B vibrating simultaneously produce 5 beats. Frequency of B is
512. It is seen that if one arm of A is filed, then the number of beats increases.
Frequency of A will be
a) 502 b) 507 c) 517 d) 522

590. The displacement of a particle executing periodic motion is given by

y=4 cos (t /2)sin ⁡(1000 t ). This expression may be considered to be a result of
2

superposition of
a) Two waves b) Three waves c) Four waves d) Five waves

591. In order to double the frequency of the fundamental note emitted by a stretched string,
the length is reduced to 3/ 4 th of the original length and the tension is changed. The
factor by which the tension is to be changed, is
a) 3/8 b) 2/3 c) 8 /9 d) 9 /4

592. Two waves of wavelengths 50 cm and 51 cm produced 12 beats per second. The velocity of
sound is
a) 306 m/s b) 331 m/s c) 340 m/s d) 360 m/s

The equation of a stationary wave along a stretched string is given by y=4 sin
593. 2 πx
cos 40 πt
where x and y are in cms and t is in sec. The separation between two adjacent nodes is
2

a) 3 cm b) 1.5 cm c) 6 cm d) 4 cm

594. The length of a sonometer wire AB is 110 cm. Where should the two bridges be placed
from A to divide the wire in three segments whose fundamental frequencies are in the
ratio of 1:2:3
a) 30 cm, 90 cm b) 60 cm, 90 cm c) 40 cm, 70 cm d) None of these

595. Two strings X and Y of a sitar produce a beat frequency 4 Hz . When the tension of the
string Y is slightly increased the beat frequency is found to be 2 Hz . If the frequency of X

P a g e | 87
 is 300 Hz , then the original frequency of Y was
a) 296 Hz b) 298 Hz c) 302 Hz d) 304 Hz

596. The number of waves contained in unit length of the medium is called

a) Elastic wave b) Wave number

c) Wave pulse d) Electromagnetic wave

597. A train is moving at 30 m s−1 in still air. The frequency of the locomotive whistle is 500 Hz
and the speed of sound is 345 m s−1 . The apparent wavelength of sound in front of and
behind the locomotive are respectively
a) 0.80 m , 0.63 m b) 0.63 m , 0.80 m c) 0.50 m , 0.85 m d) 0.63 m , 0.75 m

598. Decibel is unit of

a) Intensity of light b) X-rays radiation capacity

c) Sound loudness d) Energy of radiation

599. The difference between the apparent frequency of a source of sound as perceived by the
observer during its approach and recession is 2% of the natural frequency of the source.
If the velocity of sound in air is 300 m s−1, the velocity of source is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
12 m s 1.5 m s 3ms 6ms

600. An object producing a pitch of 400 Hz flies past a stationary person. The object was
moving in a straight line with a velocity200 m s−1. What is the change in frequency noted
by the person as the person as the object files past him?
a) 1440 Hz b) 240 Hz c) 1200 Hz d) 960 Hz

601. A racing car moving towards a cliff sounds its horn. The driver observes that the sound
reflected from the actual sound of the horn. If v is velocity of sound, the velocity of the
car is
a) v b) v c) v d) v
√2 2 3 4

602. Which of the following is different from others

a) Velocity b) Wavelength c) Frequency d) Amplitude

603. The frequency of a tuning fork A is 2% more than the frequency of a standard tuning

P a g e | 88
 fork. The frequency of the same standard tuning fork. If 6 beats s−1 are heard when the
two tuning fork A and B are excited, the frequency of A is
a) 120 Hz b) 122.4 Hz c) 116.4 Hz d) 130 Hz

604. The speed of sound in gas of density ρ at a pressure p is proportional to

()
2
p
(ρ) √ √
3
a) ρ b) p 2 c) ρ d) p
p ρ

605. ‘SONAR’ emits which of the following waves

a) Radio waves b) Ultrasonic waves c) Light waves d) Magnetic waves

606. A tuning fork of frequency 500 Cycles/s is sounded on a resonance tube. The first and
second resonance is obtained at 17 cm and 52 cm. the velocity of sound in m s−1 is
a) 175 b) 350 c) 525 d) 700

607. An engine approaches a hill with a constant speed. When it is at a distance of 0.9 km it
blows a whistle, whose echo is heard by the driver after 5 sec .If speed of sound in air is
330 m/s , the speed of engine is

a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s c) 30 m/s d) 40 m/ s

608. Fundamental frequency of a sonometer wire is n. if the length and diameter of the wire
are doubled keeping the tension same, then the new fundamental frequency is
a) 2n b) n c) d) n
√2 n
√2 2 √2 4

609. A hollow cylinder with both sides open generates a frequency v in air. When the cylinder
vertically immersed into water by half its length the frequency will be
a) V b) 2v c) v/2 d) v/4

610. Two waves are given by y 1=a sin(ωt−kx) and y 2=a cos(ωt−kx )
The phase difference between the two waves is
a) π /4 b) π c) π /8 d) π /2

P a g e | 89
611. When the length of the vibrating segment of a sonometer wire is increased by 1% the
percentage changes its frequency is
a) 100 b) 99 c) 1 d) 2
101 100

612. It is possible to distinguish between the transverse and longitudinal waves by studying
the property of
a) Interference b) Diffraction c) Reflection d) Polarisation

613. Figure here shown an incident pulse P reflected from a rigid support. Which one of
A , B ,C , D represents the reflected pulse correctly

a) b) c) d)

614. If λ 1 , λ2 , λ3 are the wavelengths of the waves giving resonance with the fundamental, first
and second overtones respectively of a closed organ pipe, then the ratio of λ 1 , λ2 , λ3 is
a) 1:3:5 b) 1:2:3 c) 5:3:1 d) 1 : 1 : 1
3 5

615. A police car moving at22 m s−1, changes a motorcyclist. The police man sounds his horn at
176 Hz, while both of them move towards a stationary siren of frequency 165 Hz.
Calculate the speed of the motorcycle, if it is given that he does not observe any beats.
Police car Motorcyle

Stationary
22ms-1 176Hz V siren
(165 Hz)
a) −1 b) −1 c) Zero d) −1
33 m s 22 m s 11m s

616. The equation of a plane progressive waves is given by y=0.025 sin(100 t+ 0.25 x ). The
frequency of this wave would be
a) 50 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 100 Hz d) 50 Hz
π π

617. A transverse wave of amplitude 0.5 m and wavelength 1 m and frequency 2 Hz is is

propagating in a string in the negative x -direction. The expression for this wave is
a) y ( x , t )=0.5 sin( 2 πx−4 πt ) b) y ( x , t )=0.5 cos (2 πx + 4 πt )

P a g e | 90
 c) y ( x , t )=0.5 sin( πx−2 πt) d) y ( x , t )=0.5 cos (2 πx +2 πt )

618. The minimum intensity of sound is zero at a point due to two sources of nearly equal
frequencies, when
a) Two sources are vibrating in opposite phase

b) The amplitude of two sources are equal

c) At the point of observation, the amplitudes of two S.H.M. produced by two sources are
equal and both the S.H.M. are along the same straight line
d) Both the sources are in the same phase

A string is under tension so that its length is increased by times its original length. The
619. 1

ratio of fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations and transverse vibrations will

n

be
a) 1 :n b) 2 c) d) n :1
n :1 √ n :1

The equation of stationary wave along a stretched string is given by y=5 sin
620. πx
cos 40 πt ,
where x and y are in cm and t in second. The separation between two adjacent nodes is
3

a) 1.5 cm b) 3 cm c) 6 cm d) 4 cm

621. The intensity of sound gets reduced by 10% on passing through a slab. The reduction in
intensity on passing through three consecutive slab is
a) 30% b) 27.1% c) 20% d) 36%

622. v 1and v 2 are the velocities of sound at the same temperature in two monoatomic gases of

densities ρ1 and ρ2 respectively. If ρ1 / ρ2= then the ratio of velocities v 1 and v 2 will be
1
4
a) 1 :2 b) 4 :1 c) 2 :1 d) 1 :4

623. A source of sound emitting a tone of frequency 200 Hz moves towards an observer with
a velocity v equal to the velocity of sound. If the observer also moves away from the
source with the same velocity v, the apparent frequency heard by the observer is
a) 50Hz b) 100 Hz c) 150 Hz d) 200 Hz

624. The period of a wave is 360 m s−1 and frequency is 500 Hz. Phase difference between two
consecutive particals is 60, then path different between them will be
a) 0.72 cm b) 120 cm c) 12 cm d) 7.2 cm

P a g e | 91
625. A source of sound is travelling towards a stationary observer. The frequency of sound
heard by the observer is of three times the original frequency. The velocity of sound is
v m/ sec. The speed of source will be
a) 2 v b) v c) 3 v d) 3 v
3 2

626. An earthquake generates both transverse (S) and longitudinal (P) sound waves in the
earth. The speed of S waves is about 4.5 km/s and that of P waves is about 8.0 km/ s. A
seismograph records P and Swaves from an earthquake. The first P wave arrives 4.0 min
before the first S wave. The epicenter of the earthquake is located at a distance about
a) 25 km b) 250 km c) 2500 km d) 5000 km

627. Two open organ pipes gives 4 beats/sec when sounded together in their fundamental
nodes. If the length of the pipe are 100 cm and 102.5 cm respectively, then the velocity of
sound is :
a) 496 m/s b) 328 m/s c) 240 m/s d) 160 m/s

Intensity level of sound of intensity I is 30 dB . The ratio is (Where I 0 is the threshold of

628. I
I0
hearing)
a) 3000 b) 1000 c) 300 d) 30

629. The minimum audible wavelength at room temperature is about

a) 0.2 Å b) 5 Å c) 5 cm to 2 metre d) 20 mm

630. The nature of sound waves in gases is

a) Transverse b) Longitudinal c) Stationary d) Electromagnetic

631. The ratio of densities of nitrogen and oxygen is 14 :16. The temperature at which the
speed of sound in nitrogen will be same at that in oxygen at 55 ℃ is
a) 35 ℃ b) 48 ℃ c) 65 ℃ d) 14 ℃

632. In a progressive wave, the distance between two consecutive crests is

a) λ b) λ c) 2 λ d) 2
2 λ

P a g e | 92
633. Two speakers connected to the same source of fixed frequency are placed 2.0 m apart in a
box. A sensitive microphone placed at a distance of 4.0 mfrom their midpoint along the
perpendicular bisector shows maximum response. The box is slowly rotated until the
speakers are in line with the microphone. The distance between the midpoint of the
speakers and the microphone remains unchanged. Exactly five maximum responses are
observed in the microphone in doing this. The wavelength of the sound wave is
a) 0.2 m b) 0.4 m c) 0.6 m d) 0.8 m

634. A sound source is falling under gravity. At some time t=0, the detector lies vertically
hallow sources at a depth H as shown in figure. If v is the velocity of sound and f 0is
frequency recorded after t=2s is
Source
H
Detector

a) f
0
b) f 0 (v +2 g)
v
c) f 0 (v−2 g)
v
d) f
0 ( v−2v g )
635. Two stretched strings have length 𝒍 and 2𝒍 while tensions are T and 4T respectively. If
they are made of same material the ratio of their frequencies is
a) 2:1 b) 1:2 c) 1:1 d) 1:4

636. A transverse wave is described by the equation

y= yo sin 2 π ft x .The maximum particle velocity
( )
γ
is equal to four times the wave velocity, if
a) π y0 b) π y0 c) λ=π y d) λ=2 π y
λ= λ= 0 0
4 2

637. Doppler shift in frequency does not depend upon

a) The frequency of the wave produced b) The velocity of the source

c) The velocity of the observer d) Distance from the source to the listener

638. The magnetic field in the plane electromagnetic field is given by

B y =2 ×10−7 sin ( 0.5× 103 z+1.5 ×10 11 t ) T
The expression for the electric field may be given by
a) E =2× 10−7 sin(0.5 × 103 z +1.5 ×10 11 t )V /m
y

b) E =2 ×10−7 sin(0.5 ×103 z+1.5 × 1011 t)V /m

x

c)
E y =60 sin ( 0.5 ×103 z+ 1.5× 1011 t ) V /m
d)
E x =60 sin ( 0.5 ×10 3 z +1.5 ×1011 t ) V /m

P a g e | 93
639. A pipe 30 cm long is open at both ends. Which harmonic mode of the pipe is resonantly
excited by a 1.1 kHz source? (Take speed of sound in air ¿ 330 m s−1)
a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth

640. A wave of frequency 500 Hz has a velocity360 m s−1. The phase difference between two
displacements at a certain point at a time 10−3 s apart will be
a) π rad b) π /2 rad c) π /4 rad d) 2 π rad

641. Three waves of equal frequency having amplitudes 10 μm, 4 μm and 7 μm arrive at a given
point with successive phase difference of π /2. The amplitude of the resulting wave in μm
is given by
a) 7 b) 6 c) 5 d) 4

642. In a medium sound travels 2 km in 3 sec and in air, it travels 3 km in 10 sec . The ratio of the
wavelengths of sound in the two media is
a) 1 :8 b) 1 :18 c) 8 :1 d) 20 :9

643. A stationary point source of sound emits sound uniformly in all directions in a non-
absorbing medium. Two points P and Q are at a distance of 4m and 9m respectively from
the source. The ratio of amplitudes of the waves at P and Q is
a) 3 b) 4 c) 2 d) 9
2 9 3 4

644. A siren emitting sound of frequency 800 Hz is going away from a static listener with a
speed of 30 m/s , frequency of the sound to be heard by the listener is (take velocity of
sound as 330 m/s )
a) 733.3 Hz b) 644.8 Hz c) 481.2 Hz d) 286.5 Hz

645. In the 3rd overtone of an open organ pipe, there are ( N -stands for nodes and A -for
antinodes )
a) 2 N ,3 A b) 3 N , 4 A c) 4 N ,5 A d) 5 N , 4 A

646. Two progressive waves having equation x 1=3 sin ωt and x 2=4 sin ( ωt−90 ° ) are
superimposed. The amplitude of the resultant wave is
a) 5 unit b) 1 unit c) 3 unit d) 4 unit

647. Two trains, each moving with a velocity of 30 m s−1, cross each other. One of the trains
gives a whistle whose frequency is 600Hz. If the speed of sound is 330 m s−1 the apparent
P a g e | 94
 frequency for passengers sitting in the other train before crossing would be
a) 600 Hz b) 630 Hz c) 920 Hz d) 720 Hz

648. A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose crests are 100m apart and velocity is25 m s−1.
The boat bounces up once in every
a) 2500 s b) 75 s c) 4 s d) 0.25 s

649. If you set up the seventh harmonic on a string fixed at both ends, how many nodes and
antinodes are set up in it
a) 8 , 7 b) 7 , 7 c) 8 , 9 d) 9 , 8

650. If n1 , n2∧n 3 are the fundamental frequencies of three segments into which a string is
divided, then the original fundamental frequency n of the string is give by
a) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 b) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1
n n1 n2 n 3 √ n √ n1 √ n 2 √ n 3
c) d) n=n +n +n
√ n= √n 1+ √n 2+ √n3 1 2 3

651. A tube closed at one end and containing air is excited. It produces the fundamental note
of frequency 512 Hz . If the same tube is open at both the ends the fundamental frequency
that can be produced is
a) 1024 Hz b) 512 Hz c) 256 Hz d) 128 Hz

652. A wave travelling along a string is described by the equation y=a sin ( ωt−kx ) the
maximum particle velocity is
a) aω b) ω c) dω d) x
k dk l

653. If the temperature of the atmosphere is increased, the following character of the sound
wave is effected
a) Amplitude b) Frequency c) Velocity d) Wavelength

654. While measuring the speed of sound by performing a resonance column experiment, a
student gets the first resonance condition at a column length of 18 cm during winter.
Repeating the same experiment during summer, she measures the column length to be x
cm for the second resonance. Then
a) 18 >x b) X >54 c) 54 > x >36 d) 36 > x > 18

655. A source of frequency n given 5 beats s−1 , when sounded with a source of frequency 200
s . The second harmonic (2n)gives 10 beats s , when sounded with a source of
−1 −1

P a g e | 95
 frequency 420 s−1 . n is equal to
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
200 s 205 s 195 s 210 s

656. At which temperature the speed of sound in hydrogen will be same as that of speed of
sound in oxygen at 100 ℃
a) −148 ℃ b) −212.5 ℃ c) −317.5 ℃ d) −249.7 ℃

657. The equation of a wave travelling in a string can be written as y=3 cos π (100 t− x). Its
wavelength is
a) 100 cm b) 2 cm c) 5 cm d) None of the above

658. If n1 , n2 , n3 … . are the frequencies of segments of a stretched string, the frequency n of

the string is given by
a) n=n +n +n + … . b) n= n × n × n ×…
√ 1 2 3
d) None of these
1 2 3

c) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 +…
n n1 n2 n 3

659. A wave motion is described by y ( x , t )=a sin (kx−wt ). Then the ratio of the maximum
particle velocity to the wave velocity is
a) ωa b) 1 c) ω d) ka
ka k

660. A source of sound of frequency 600 Hz is placed inside water. The speed of sound in
water is 1500 m s−1 and in air it is300 m s−1. The frequency of sound recorded by an
observer who is standing in air is
a) 200 Hz b) 300 Hz c) 120 Hz d) 600 Hz

661. The fundamental frequency of a sonameter wire is v. if its radius is doubled and its
tension becomes half, the material of the wire remains same, the new fundamental
frequency will be
a) V b) v c) v d) v
√2 2 2 √2

662. A sound absorber attenuates the sound level by 20 dB. The intensity decreases by a
factor of
a) 100 b) 1000 c) 10000 d) 10

663. A wave is represented by the equation y=7 sin{π (2 t−2 x )} where x is in metres and t in
seconds. The velocity of the wave is

P a g e | 96
 a) 1 m/s b) 2 m/s c) 5 m/s d) 10 m/s

664. Sound waves of v=600Hz fall normally on a perfectly reflecting wall. The shortest
distance from the wall at which all particles will have maximum amplitude of vibration
will be (speed of sound=300 m s−1)
a) 7 m b) 3 m c) 1 m d) 1 m
8 8 8 4

665. Two trains are moving towards each other with speeds of 20 m/s and 15 m/s relative to
the ground. The first train sounds whistle of frequency 600 Hz, the frequency of the
whistle heard by a passenger in the second train before the meets is (the speed of sound
in air is 340 m/s)
a) 600 Hz b) 585 Hz c) 645 Hz d) 666 Hz

666. A bomb explodes on the moon. How long will it take for the sound to reach the earth?

a) 1000 s b) 1 day c) 10 s d) None of these

667. A string is hanging from a rigid support. A transverse pulse is excited at its free end. The
speed at which the pulse travels a distance x is proportional to
a) x b) 1 c) 1 d)
√x
x √x

668. The harmonic which are present in a pipe open at one end are

a) Odd harmonics b) Even harmonics

c) Even as well as odd harmonics d) None of these

669. In open organ pipe, if fundamental frequency is n then the other frequencies are

a) n , 2 n ,3 n , 4 n b) n , 3 n ,5 n c) n , 2 n , 4 n , 8 n d) None of these

670. If a source emitting waves a velocity v /4 and the observer moves away from the source
with a velocity v/6, the apparent frequency as heard by the observer will be (v=velocity
of sound)
a) 14 v b) 14 v c) 10 v d) 2 v
15 9 9 3

671. On producing the waves of frequency 1000 Hz in a Kundt’s tube, the total distance
between 6 successive nodes is 85 cm .Speed of sound in the gas filled in the tube is
a) 330 m/s b) 340 m/s c) 350 m/s d) 300 m/s

P a g e | 97
672. A column of air of length 50 cm resonates with a stretched string of length 40 cm. The
length of the same air column which will resonates with 60 cm of the same string at a
the same tension is
a) 100 cm b) 75 cm c) 50 cm d) 25 cm

673. In the musical octave ‘Sa’, ‘Re’, ‘Ga’

a) The frequency of the note ‘Sa’ is greater than that of ‘Re’, ‘Ga’

b) The frequency of the note ‘Sa’ is smaller than that of ‘Re’, ‘Ga’

c) The frequency of all the notes ‘Sa’, ‘Re’, ‘Ga’ is the same

d) The frequency decreases in the sequence ‘Sa’, ‘Re’, ‘Ga’

674. A stone is dropped into a well. If the depth of water below the top be h and velocity of
sound in air be v, the time after which splash of sound is heard is
a)
√ 2h h
+
g v √
b) 2 h
g
−
h
v
c)
√ 2h
g √
d) 2 h
g
×
h
v

675. Two waves having the intensities in the ratio of 9 : 1 produce interference. The ratio of
maximum to the minimum intensity, is equal to
a) 2 : 1 b) 4 : 1 c) 9 : 1 d) 10 : 8

676. Calculate the frequency of the second harmonic formed on a string of length 0.5 m and
mass 2 ×10−4 kg when stretched with a tension of 20 N
a) 274.4 Hz b) 744.2 Hz c) 44.72 Hz d) 447.2 Hz

677. Velocity of sound measured in hydrogen and oxygen gas at a given temperature will be
in the ratio
a) 1 :4 b) 4 :1 c) 2 :1 d) 1 :1

678. A closed Prgan pipe and an open organ pipe of same length produce 2 beats/second
while vibrating in their fundamental modes. The length of the open organ pipe is halved
and that of closed pipe is doubled. Then the number of beats produced per second while
vibrating in the fundamental mode is
a) 2 b) 6 c) 8 d) 7

679. Two waves are represent by

y 1= A sin (kx−ωt)
and
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 y 2= A cos ( kx−ωt ) . The amplitude of resultant wave is
a) 4A b) 2A c) d) A
√2 A

680. The sound wave was produced in a gas is always

a) Longitudinal b) Transverse c) Stationary d) Electromagnetic

681. Which two of the given transverse waves will give stationary waves when get
superimposed
z 1=a cos (kx −ωt) …(A)
z 2=a cos ( kx +ωt ) …(B)
z 3=a cos (ky −ωt ) …(C)
a) A and B b) A and C c) B and C d) Any two

682. The line of a sight of a jet plane makes an angle of 600 with the vertical, and the sound
appears to be coming from over the head of the observer. The speed of jet plane is
(taking speed of sound waves to be v)
a) v b) c) d) 2 v
v / √3 v √3

683. The path difference between two waves

( )and y 2=a2 cos ωt−

( + ϕ is
)
2 πx 2 πx
y 1=a1 sin ⁡ ωt−
λ λ
a) λ (ϕ )
2π
b) λ
2π (ϕ + π2 ) ( 2)
c) 2 π ϕ− π
λ
d) 2 π (ϕ )
λ

684. A simple wave motion represented by y=5 ( sin 4 πt+ √ 3 cos 4 πt ). Its amplitude is

a) 5 b) 5 c) 10 d) 10
√3 √3

685. A wave has velocity v in medium P and velocity 2v in medium 𝒬. If the wave is incident in
medium P at an angle of 30°, then the angle of refraction will be
a) 30° b) 45° c) 60° d) 90°

686. Two sources of sound placed to each other, are emitting progressive waves given by
y 1=4 sin 600 πt and y 2=5 sin 608 πt . An observer located near these two sources of sound
will hear
a) 4 beats per second with intensity ratio 25 : 16 between waxing and waning

b) 8 beats per second with intensity ratio 25 : 16 between waxing and waning

c) 8 beats per second with intensity ratio 81 : 1 between waxing and waning

P a g e | 99
 d) 4 beats per second with intensity ratio 81 : 1 between waxing and waning

687. Sound waves transfer

a) Only energy not momentum b) Energy

c) Momentum d) Both energy and momentum

688. At a certain instant a stationary transverse wave is found to have maximum kinetic
energy. The appearance of string at that instant is
a) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude A/3 b) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude A/2

c) Sinusoidal shape with amplitude A d) Straight line

689. When two wave of almost equal frequencies n1∧n2are produced simultaneously, then the
time interval between successive maxima is
a) 1 b) 1 − 1 c) 1 + 1 d) 1
n1−n 2 n1 n2 n1 n2 n1 +n2

690. Three similar wire of frequency n1 , n2 and n3 are joined to make one wire. Its frequency
will be
a) n=n +n +n b) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1
1 2 3
n n1 n2 n 3
c) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 d) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1
√ n √ n1 √ n 2 √ n 3 1 2 2
n n1 n2 n3
2

691. A string of length 2m is fixed at both ends. If this string vibrates in its fourth normal
mode with a frequency of 500 Hz, then the waves would travel on it with a velocity of
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
125 m s 250 m s 500 m s 1000 m s

692. An open pipe is suddenly closed at one end with the result that the frequency of third
harmonic of the closed pipe is found to be higher at 100 Hz. The fundamental frequency
of the open pipe is
a) 200 Hz b) 480 Hz c) 240 Hz d) 300 Hz

693. Two identical sound A andB reach a point in the same phase. The resultant sound is C.
The loudness of C is n dB higher the loudness of A.
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 6

694. When two sound waves are superimposed, beats are produced when they have

P a g e | 100
 a) Different amplitudes and phase b) Different velocities

c) Different phases d) Different frequencies

695. Beats are produced when two progressive waves of frequency 256 Hz ad 260 Hz
superpose. Then the resultant amplitude changes periodically with frequency of
a) 256 Hz b) 260 Hz d) 4 Hz
Hz
256−260
c) 2

A particle moving along x -axis has acceleration f , at time t , given by f =f 0 1−

( Tt ) , where
696.

f 0 and T are constants. The particle at t=0 has zero velocity. In the time interval between
t=0 has zero velocity. In the time interval between t=0 and the instant when f =0 , the
particle’s velocity (v x ) is
a) f T b) 1 f T 2 c) f T 2 d) 1 f T
0 0
2 0
2 0

697. A wave of frequency 100 Hz is sent along a string towards a fixed end. When this wave
travels back, after reflection, a node is formed at a distance of 10 cm from the fixed end
of the string. The speeds of incident (and reflected) waves are
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
5ms 10 m s 20 m s 40 ms

698. The extension in a string obeying Hooke’s law is x . The speed of transverse waves in the
stretched is v . If the extension in the string is increased to 1.5 x , the speed of transverse
waves in it will be
a) 1.22 v b) 0.61 v c) 1.5 v d) 0.75 v

699. If the velocity of sound in air is 336 m/s . The maximum length of a closed pipe that would
produce a just audible sound will be
a) 3.2 cm b) 4.2 m c) 4.2 cm d) 3.2 m

700. The fundamental frequency of a string stretched with a weight of 4 kg is 256 Hz. The
weight required to produce its octave is
a) 16 kg-wt b) 12 kg-wt c) 24 kg-wt d) 4 kg-wt

701. In stationary waves all particles between two nodes pass through the mean position

a) At different times with different velocities

b) At different times with the same velocity

P a g e | 101
 c) At the same time with equal velocity

d) At the same time with different velocities

702. A whistle of frequency 500 Hz, tie to the end of a string of length 1.2m, resolves at 400
rev/min. A listener standing some distance away in the plane of rotation of whistle hears
frequency in the range of (speed of sound=340 m s−1)
a) 436 to 386 Hz b) 426 to 474 Hz c) 426 to 586 Hz d) 436 to 586 Hz

703. If the length of a closed organ pipe is 1.5 m and velocity of sound is 330 m/s , then the
frequency for the second note is
a) 220 Hz b) 165 Hz c) 110 Hz d) 55 Hz

704. A travelling wave passes a point of observation. At this point, the time interval between
successive crests is 0.2 seconds and
a) The wavelength is 5 m b) The frequency is 5 Hz

c) The velocity of propagation is 5 m/s d) The wavelength is 0.2 m

705. An observer starts moving with uniform accelerationa , towards a stationary sound
source of frequency f 0. As the observer approaches the source, the apparent
frequency(f)heard by the observer varies with time (t)is

f f f f
a) b) c) d)

t t t t

706. A metal wire of liner mass density of 9.8 g m−1is stretched with a tension of kg-wt between
two rigid supports 1 m apart. The wire passes at its middle point between the poles of a
permanent magnet and it vibrates in resonance when carrying an alternating current of
frequency n. the frequency n of the alternating sources is

a) 50 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 200 Hz d) 25 Hz

707. A plane wave is represented by x=1.2 sin(314 t+12.56 y ). Where x and y are distances
measured along in x and y direction in meters and t is time in seconds. This wave has
a) A wavelength of 0.25 m and travels in + ve x direction

b) A wavelength of 0.25 m and travels in + ve y direction

c) A wavelength of 0.5 m and travels in −ve y direction

P a g e | 102
 d) A wavelength of 0.5 m and travels in −ve x direction

708. A hospital uses an ultrasonic scanner to locate tumours in a tissue. The operating
frequency of the scanner is 4.0 MHz . The speed of should in a tissue is 1.7 km−s−1 . The
wavelength of sound in the tissue is close to
a) −4 b) −3 c) −3 d) −4
4 ×10 m 8 ×10 m 4 ×10 m 8 ×10 m

709. A standing wave is represented by

Y = A sin (100 t ) cos( 0.01 x )
Where Y and A are in millimetre ,t is in seconds and x is in metre . The velocity of wave is
a) 4 b) 1 m/s
10 m/ s
c) −4 d) Not derivable from above data
10 m/s

710. A massless rod is suspended by two identical strings AB and CD of equal length. A block
of mass m is suspended from point O such that BOis equal to ' ' x ' ' Further, it is observed
that the frequency of 1st harmonic (fundamental frequency) in AB is equal to 2nd
harmonic frequency in CD . Then, length of BO is

a) L b) 4 L c) 3 L d) L
5 5 4 4

711. A man standing between two parallel hills, claps his hand and hears successive echoes at
regular intervals of 11 s . If velocity of sound is 340 m s−1 , then the distance between the
hills is
a) 100 m b) 170 m c) 510 m d) 340 m

712. A closed organ pipe and an open organ pipe are tuned to the same fundamental
frequency. The ratio of their length is
a) 1:1 b) 2:1 c) 1:4 d) 1:2

713. A string of density 7.5 gm c m−3 and area of cross-section 0.2m m 2 is stretched under a
tension of 20N. when it is plucked at the mid-point, the speed of the transverse wave on
the wire is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
116 ms 40 ms 200 m s 80 m s

P a g e | 103
714. A device used for investigating the vibration of a fixed string of wire is

a) Sonometer b) Barometer c) Hydrometer d) None of these

715. The wave length of light in visible part (λ V ) and for sound (λ S ) are related as

a) λ > λ b) λ > λ c) λ = λ d) None of these

V S S V S V

716. In a sonometer wire, the tension is maintained by suspending a 50.7 kg mass from the
free end of the wire. The suspended mass has a volume of 0.0075 m 3 . The fundamental
frequency of the wire is 260 Hz .If the suspended mass is completely submerged in water,
the fundamental frequency will become (take g=10 ms−2)
a) 240 Hz b) 230 Hz c) 220 Hz d) 200 Hz

717. Two waves of same frequency and intensity superimpose with each other in opposite
phases, then after superposition the
a) Intensity increases by 4 times b) Intensity increases by two times

c) Frequency increases by 4 times d) None of these

718. When we hear a sound, we can identify its source from

a) Amplitude of sound b) Intensity of sound

c) Wavelength of sound d) Overtones present in the sound

719. If sound wave travel from air to water, which of the following remain unchanged?

a) Velocity b) Wavelength c) Frequency d) Intensity

720. Intensity level 200 cm from a source of sound is 80 dB . If there is no loss of acoustic power
in air and intensity of threshold hearing is 10−12 W m−2 then, what is the intensity level at a
distance of 4000 cm from source
a) Aero b) 54 dB c) 64 dB d) 44 dB

721. Equation of progressive wave is

[
y=a sin 10 πx +11 πt+
π
3 ]
a) Its wavelength is 0.2 units b) It is travelling in the positive x-direction

c) Wave velocity is 1.5 unit d) Time period of SHM is 1 s

P a g e | 104
722. The velocity of sound in air is 330 m s−1 and the velocity oflight in air is 3 ×10 8 m s−1. What
frequency, in Hz does a BBC station which transmits at 1500m broadcast?
a) 5 b) 3 c) 0.22 Hz d) −6
2 ×10 Hz 595 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 H z

723. A vehicle sounding a whistle of frequency 256 Hz is moving on a straight road, towards a
hill with a velocity of10 m s−1. The number of beats per second observed by a person
travelling in the vehicle is (velocity of sound =330 m s−1)
a) Zero b) 10 c) 14 d) 16

724. A car moving with a velocity of 36 k m−1 crosses a siren of frequency 500 Hz. The
apparent frequency of siren after passing it will be
a) 520 Hz b) 485 Hz c) 540 Hz d) 460 Hz

725. A string of 7 m length has a mass of 0.035 kg . If tension in the string is 60.5 N , then speed
of a wave on the string is
a) 77 m/s b) 102 m/s c) 110m/ s d) 165 m/s

726. A stone is dropped in a well which is 19.6 m deep. Echo sound is heard after 2.06 sec (after
dropping) then the velocity of sound is
a) 332.6 m/sec b) 326.7 m/sec c) 300.4 m/ sec d) 290.5 m/sec

727. Fundamental frequency of an open pipe of length 0.5 m is equal to the frequency of the
first overtone of a closed pipe of length l . The value of l c is (m)
a) 1.5 b) 0.75 c) 2 d) 1

728. The frequency of fundamental tone in an open organ pipe of length 0.48 m is 320 Hz .
Speed of sound is 320 m/sec . Frequency of fundamental tone in closed organ pipe will be
a) 153.8 Hz b) 160.0 Hz c) 320.0 Hz d) 143.2 Hz

729. The equation of a wave is 3cos π (50t-x). the wavelength of the wave is

a) 3 unit b) 2 unit c) 50 unit d) 47 unit

730. The rope shown at an instant is carrying a wave travelling towards right, created by a
source vibrating at a frequency n . Consider the following statements

P a g e | 105
 I.The speed of the wave is 4 n ×ab

II.The medium at a will be in the same phase as d after

4
s
3n
III.The phase difference between b and e is
3π

Which of these statements are correct

2

a) I, II and III b) II only c) I and III d) III only

731. Two vibrating tuning forks produce progressive waves given by

y 1=4 sin 500 πt∧ y2 =sin 50 πt . Number of beats produced per minute is
a) 360 b) 180 c) 3 d) 60

732. An organ pipe P closed at one end vibrates in its first harmonic. Another organ pipe Q
open at both ends vibrates in its third harmonic. When both are in resonance with a
tuning fork, the ratio of the length of P to that of Q is
a) 1/2 b) 1/4 c) 1/6 d) 1/8

A wave equation is given by y=4 sin π )] where x is in cm and t is in second.

733.
[( t x 1
− +
5 9 6
Which of the following is true?
a) λ=18 cm b) −1 c) a=0.4 cm d) f = 50 Hz
v=4 m s

734. A bat flies at a steady speed of 4 m s−1 emitting a sound of f =90 ×10 3 Hz. It is flying
horizontally towards a vertical wall. The frequency of the reflected sound as defected by
the bat will be (take velocity of sound in air as 330 m s−1)
a) 3
88.1 ×10 Hz b) 3
87.1 ×10 Hz c) 3
Hz
92.1 ×10
d) 3
Hz
89.1 ×10

735. A wave travelling in positive X -direction with A=0.2 m has a velocity of 360 m/sec . If
λ=60 m , then correct expression for the wave is

[ ( 60 )]
a) y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t + x
[(
b) y=0.2sin π 6 t+ x
)]60

[ ( 60 )]
c) y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t− x
[(60 )]
d) y=0.2sin π 6 t− x

736. A whistle sends out 256 waves in a second. If the whistle approaches the observer with
velocity 1/3 of the velocity of sound in air, the number of waves per second the observer
P a g e | 106
 will receive
a) 384 b) 192 c) 300 d) 200

737. A is singing a note and at the same time B is singing a note with exactly one-eight the
frequency of the note of A . The energies of two sounds are equal, the amplitude of the
note of B is
a) Same that of A b) Twice as that of A

c) Four times as that of A d) Eight times as that of A

738. A sound wave of wavelength 32 cm enters the tube at S as shown in the figure. Then the
smallest radius r so that a minimum of sound is heard at detector D is

a) 7 cm b) 14 cm c) 21 cm d) 28 cm

739. A point source emits sound equally in all directions in a non-absorbing medium. Two
points P and Q are at distance of 2m and 3m respectively from the source. The ratio of
the intensities of the waves at P and Q is
a) 9:4 b) 2:3 c) 3:2 d) 4:9

A plane progressive wave is represented by the equation y=0.1sin 200 πt−

( where y
)
740. 20 πx
17
is displacement in m ,t in second and x is distance from a fixed origin in metr . The
frequency, wavelength and speed of the wave respectively are
a) 100 Hz , 1.7 m, 170 m/s b) 150 Hz , 2.4 m ,200 m/ s

c) 80 Hz , 1.1 m, 90 m/s d) 120 Hz , 1.25 m, 207 m/s

741. Walls of auditorium should be

a) Good absorber b) Reflector c) Amplifier d) Modifier

742. A hollow cylinder with both sides open generates a frequency f in air. When the cylinder
vertically immersed into water by half its length the frequency will be
a) f b) 2 f c) f /2 d) f /4

743. In stationary waves, distance between a node and its nearest antinode is 20 cm . The
phase difference between two particles having a separation of 60 cm will be

P a g e | 107
 a) Zero b) π /2 c) π d) 3 π /2

744. An organ pipe open at one end is vibrating in first overtone and is in resonance with
another pipe open at both ends and vibrating in third harmonic. The ratio of length of
two pipe is
a) 1:2 b) 4:1 c) 8:3 d) 3:8

745. An observer is approaching a stationary source with a velocity 1/4 th of the velocity of
sound. Then the ratio of the apparent frequency to actual frequency of source is
a) 4:5 b) 5:4 c) 2:3 d) 3:2

746. Two strings A and B of lengths, L A =80 cm and LB =x cm respectively are used separately in
a sonometer. The ratio of their densities (d A /d B ) is 0.81. the diameter of B is one-half that
of A. if the strings have the same tension and fundamental frequency the value of x is
a) 33 b) 102 c) 144 d) 130

747. When a sound wave of wavelength λ is propagating in a medium, the maximum velocity
of the particle is equal to the velocity. The amplitude of wave is
a) λ b) λ c) λ d) λ
2 2π 4π

748. The equation of the propagating wave is y=25sin ( 20 t +5 x ) , where y is displacement.

Which of the following statements is not true
a) The amplitude of the wave is 25 units

b) The wave is propagating in positive x -direction

c) The velocity of the wave is 4 units

d) The maximum velocity of the particles is 500 units

749. Angle between wave velocity and particle velocity of a longitudinal wave is

a) o b) o c) o d) o
90 60 0 120

750. The equation y=0.15 sin5 x cos 300 t , describes a stationary wave. The wavelength of the
stationary wave is
a) Zero b) 1.256 metres c) 2.512 metres d) 0.628 metre

751. The phase difference between two points is π/3. If the frequency of waves is 50 Hz, then
what is the distance between two points? (Given v=330 m s−1)

P a g e | 108
 a) 2.2 m b) 1.1 m c) 0.6 m d) 1.7 m

752. In open organ pipe, if fundamental frequency is v, then the other frequencies are

a) V,2v,3v,4v b) V,3v,5v c) V,2v,4v,8v d) None of these

753. A string fixed at both the ends is vibrating in two segments. The wavelength of the
corresponding wave is
a) l b) l c) l d) 2 l
4 2

754. If vibrations of a string are to be increased by a factor of two, then tension in the string
must be made
a) Half b) Twice c) Four times d) Eight times

755. The equation for spherical progressive wave is (where r is the distance from the source)

a) y=a sin(ωt −kx ) b) y= a sin (ωt−kx) c) y= a sin(ωt−kx ) d) y= a sin(ωt−kx )

√r 2 r

756. An open pipe of length l vibrates in fundamental mode. The pressure variation is
maximum at
a) 1/4 from ends b) The middle of pipe

c) The ends of pipe d) At 1/8 from ends of pipe

757. A source is moving towards an observer with a speed of 20 m/s and having frequency of
240 Hz . The observer is now moving towards the source with a speed of 20 m/s . Apparent
frequency herad by observer, if velocity of sound is 340 m/s , is
a) 240 Hz b) 270 Hz c) 280 Hz d) 360 Hz

758. To raise the pitch of a stringed musical instrument the player can

a) Loosen the string b) Tighten the string c) Shorten the string d) Both (b) and (c)

759. Two organ pipes both closed at one end have length l and(l+ Δ l). Neglect ed correction.
If velocity of sound I air is v , the number of beats s−1 is
a) v /4 l b) v /2 l c) v ( Δ l) d) v (Δ l)
2 2
4l 2l

P a g e | 109
760. If v is the speed of sound in air then the shortest length of the closed pipe which
resonates to a frequency n
a) v b) v c) 2n d) 4 n
4n 2n v v

761. A string is producing transverse vibration whose equation is y=0.021sin (x+ 30t ), Where x
and y are in meters and t is in seconds. If the linear density of the string is 1.3 ×10−4 kg /m,
then the tension in the string is N will be
a) 10 b) 0.5 c) 1 d) 0.117

762. Two vibrating strings of the same material but length L and 2L have radii 2r and r
respectively. They are stretched under the same tension. Both the strings vibrate in their
fundamental modes, the one of the length L with frequency v 1 and the other with
frequency v 2. the ratio v /v 2is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 1

763. When two sound waves with a phase difference of π /2 , and each having amplitude A and
frequency ω , are superimposed on each other, then the maximum amplitude and
frequency of resultant wave is
a) A : ω b) A :ω c) √2 A :
ω d)
√2 A : ω
√2 2 √2 2

764. A source of sound emits 400 πW power which is uniformly distributed over a sphere of
10 m radius. What is the loudness of sound on the surface of a sphere
a) 200 dB b) 200 π dB c) 120 dB d) 120 π dB

765. A glass tube 1.5 m long and open at both ends, is immersed vertically in a water tank
completely. A tuning fork of 660 Hz is vibrated and kept at the upper end of the tube and
the tube is gradually raised out of water. The total number of resonances heard before
the tube comes out of water, taking velocity of sound air 330 m/sec is
a) 12 b) 6 c) 8 d) 4

766. A travelling wave represented by y=a sin ( ωt−kx ) is superimposed on another wave
represented b y=a sin ( ωt +kx ) . The resultant is
a) A standing wave having nodes at x= n+ 1 λ , n=0 ,1 , 2
( 2) 2
b) A wave travelling along + x direction

c) A wave travelling along - x direction

d) A standing wave having nodes at x= nλ ; n=0 , 1 , 2

2

P a g e | 110
767. A wave in a string has an amplitude of 2 cm . The wave travels in the + ve direction of x
axis with a speed of 128 m/sec and it is noted that 5 complete waves fit in 4 m length of
the string. The equation describing the wave is
a) y= ( 0.02 ) m sin(7.85 x +1005 t) b) y= ( 0.02 ) m sin(15.7 x−2010 t )

c) y= ( 0.02 ) m sin(15.7 x +2010 t) d) y= ( 0.02 ) m sin(7.85 x−1005 t)

768. In a closed organ pipe the frequency of fundamental note is 50 Hz .The note of which of
the following frequencies will not be emitted by it
a) 50 Hz b) 100 Hz c) 150 Hz d) None of the above

769. Which of the following is the longitudinal wave

a) Sound waves b) Waves on plucked string

c) Water waves d) Light waves

770. The equation of a spherical progressive wave is

a) y=a sinωt b) y=a sin ( ωt−kr ) c) y= a sin ⁡(ωt−kr ) d) y= a sin(ωt−kr )

√r r

771. A tuning fork makes 256 vibrations per second in air. When the velocity of sound is
330 m/s , then wavelength of the tone emitted is
a) 0.56 m b) 0.89 m c) 1.11m d) 1.29 m

772. A light pointer fixed to one prong of a tuning fork touches a vertical plate. The fork is set
vibrating and the plate is allowed to fall freely. If eight oscillations are counted when the
plate falls through 10 cm , the frequency of the tuning fork is
a) 360 Hz b) 280 Hz c) 560 Hz d) 56 Hz

773. A wave travels in a medium according to the equation of displacement given by

y ( x , t )=0.03 sin(2t−0.01 x)
Where y and x are in metres and t in seconds. The wavelength of the wave is
a) 200 m b) 100 m c) 20 m d) 10 m

774. A string of mass 0.2 kg m has length l=0.6 m. It I fixed at both ends and stretched such
that it has a tension of 80 N. The string vibrates in three segments with amplitude=0.5
cm. The amplitude of transverse velocity is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
9.42 m s 3.14 m s 1.57 m s 6.28 m s

P a g e | 111
775. In a stationary wave all the particles

a) On either side of a node vibrate in same phase

b) In the region between two nodes vibrate in same phase

c) In the region between two antinodes vibrate in same phase

d) Of the medium vibrate in same phase

776. Distance between nodes on a string is 5 cm. velocity of transverse wave is2 m s−1. Then
the frequency is
a) 5 Hz b) 10 Hz c) 20 Hz d) 15 Hz

777. If in a resonance tube a oil of density higher than that water is used then at the
resonance frequency would
a) Increase b) Decrease c) Slightly increase d) Remain same

778. If the tension of sonometer’s wire increases four times then the fundamental frequency
of the wire will increase by
a) 2 times b) 4 times c) 1/2 times d) None of the above

779. The equation of a wave on a string of linear mass density 0.04 kg m−1 is given by

The tension in the string is

[
y=0.02 ( m ) sin 2 π
( 0.04t ( s ) − 0.50x ( m ) )] .
a) 6.25 N b) 4.0 N c) 12.5 N d) 0.5 N

780. 50 tuning forks are arranged in increasing order of their frequencies such that each
gives 4 beats/sec with its previous tuning fork. If the frequency of the last fork is octave
of the first, then the frequency of the frequency of the first tuning fork is
a) 200 Hz b) 204 Hz c) 196 Hz d) None of these

781. Maximum number of beats frequency heard by a human being is

a) 10 b) 4 c) 20 d) 6

782. Two tuning fork P and 𝒬 when set vibrating give 4 beats/s. if a prong of the fork P is
filed the beats are reduced to2 s−1. What is frequency of P, if that of 𝒬 is 250 Hz?
a) 246 Hz b) 250 Hz c) 254 Hz d) 252 Hz

P a g e | 112
783. Out of the following, incorrect statement is

a) In Melde’s experiment “ 2 ” remain constant. (P=Loop, T=Tension)

PT
b) In Kundt’s experiment distance between two heaps of powder is λ /2

c) Quinckeey’s tube experiment related with beats

d) Echo phenomena related with reflection of sound

784. The number of beats produced per second by two vibrations: x 1=x 0 sin646 π and
x 2=x 0 sin652 πt is
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 6

785. Which of the following equations represents a wave travelling along y -axis

a) y= A sin (kx−ωt) b) x= A sin (ky−ωt) c) y= A sin ky cos ωt d) y= A cos ky sin ωt

786. What should be the velocity of a sound source moving towards a stationary observer so
that apparent frequency is double the actual frequency (Velocity of sound is v )
a) v b) 2 v c) v d) v
2 4

787. A string of linear density 0.2 kg m−1 is stretched with a force of 500 N. A transverse wave
of length 4.0 m and amplitude (1/ λ) metre is traveling along. Then the speed of the wave
is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
50 m s 62.5 m s 2500 m s 12.5 m s

788. The amplitude of two waves are in ratio 5:2. If all other conditions for the two waves
Are same, then what is the ratio of their energy densities?
a) 5:2 b) 5:4 c) 4:5 d) 25:4

789. Quality depends on

a) Intensity b) Loudness c) Timbre d) Frequency

790. A standing wave is produced in a string fixed at both ends. In this case

a) All particles vibrate in phase

b) All antinodes vibrate in phase

P a g e | 113
 c) All alternate antinodes vibrate in phase

d) All particles between two consecutive antinodes vibrate in phase

791. When sound is produced in an aeroplane moving with a velocity of 200 m s−1horizontal its
echo is heard after 10 √ 5s. if velocity of sound in air is 300 m s−1the elevation of aircraft is
a) 250 m b) c) 12.50 m d) 2500 m
250 5 m √

792. Statement I Two longitudinal waves given by equation y 1 ( x , t )=2 a sin(ωt −kx ) and
y 2 ( x , t )=a sin ( 2 ωt−2 kx ) will have equal intensity.
Statement II Intensity of waves of given frequency in same medium is proportional to
square of amplitude only
a) Statement I is false, Statement II is true b) Statement I is true, Statement II is false

c) Statement I is true, Statement II is true, d) Statement I is true, Statement II is true,

Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement II is not correct explanation of
statement I statement I

793. Velocity of sound is maximum in

a) Air b) Water c) Vacuum d) Steel

794. The sound carried by air from a sitar to a listener is a wave of the following type

a) Longitudinal stationary b) Transverse progressive

c) Transverse stationary d) Longitudinal progressive

795. The frequency of fundamental note in an organ pipe is 240 Hz. On blowing air,
frequencies 720 Hz and 1200 Hz are heard. This indicates that organ pipe is
a) A pipe closed at one end b) A pipe open at both ends

c) Closed at both ends d) Having holes like flute

796. The diagram below shows the propagation of a wave. Which points are in same phase
E
H

A
D
F G
B
C

a) F , G b) C and E c) B and G d) B and F

P a g e | 114
797. The frequency of transverse vibrations in a stretched string is 200 Hz .If the tension is
increased four times and the length is reduced to one-fourth the original value, the
frequency of vibration will be
a) 25 Hz b) 200 Hz c) 400 Hz d) 1600 Hz

798. A uniform wire of length L, diameter D and density S is stretched under a tension T. the
correct relation between its fundamental frequency f, the length L and the diameter D is
a) f ∝ 1 b) f ∝ 1 c) f ∝ 1 d) f ∝ 1
LD L√D D
2
LD
2

799. The fundamental note produced by a closed organ pipe is of frequency f . The
fundamental note produced by an open organ pipe of same length will be of frequency
a) f /2 b) f c) 2 f d) 4 f

800. Two tuning forks have frequencies 450 Hz and 454 Hz respectively. On sounding these
forks together, the time interval between successive maximum intensities will be
a) 1/4 sec b) 1/2 sec c) 1 sec d) 2 sec

801. The following phenomenon cannot be observed for sound waves

a) Refraction b) Interference c) Diffraction d) Polarisation

802. Ultrasonic waves are produced by

a) Piezoelectric effect b) Pettiro’s effect c) Doppler’s effect d) Coulomb’s law

803. A big explosion on the moon cannot be heard on the earth because

a) The explosion produces high frequency sound waves which are inaudible

b) Sound waves require a material medium for propagation

c) Sound waves are absorbed in the moon’s atmosphere

d) Sound waves are absorbed in the earth’s atmosphere

804. A second harmonic has to be generated in a string of length l stretched between two
rigid supports. The point where the string has to be plucked and touched are
a) Plucked at l and touch at l b) Plucked at l and touch at 3l
4 2 4 4
c) Plucked at l and touched at l d) Plucked at l and touched at 3l
2 4 2 4

P a g e | 115
805. Doppler phenomena is related with

a) Pitch (frequency) b) Loudness c) Quality d) Reflection

806. A tuning fork arrangement (pair) produces 4 beat s /sec with one fork of frequency 288 cps .
A little wax is placed on the unknown fork and it then produces 2 beats/ sec. The
frequency of the unknown fork is
a) 286 cps b) 292 cps c) 294 cps d) 288 cps

807. A string on a musical instrument is 50 cm long and its fundamental frequency is 270 Hz . If
the desired frequency of 1000 Hz is to be produced, the required length of the string is
a) 13.5 cm b) 2.7 cm c) 5.4 cm d) 10.3 cm

808. Find beat frequency? Motion of two particles is given by

y 1=0.25 sin ( 310 t )
y 2=0.25 sin ( 316 t )
a) 3 b) 3 c) 6 d) 6
π π

809. The apparent frequency of a note, when a listener moves towards a stationary source,
with velocity of 40 m/ s is 200 Hz . When the moves away from the same source with the
same speed, the apparent frequency of the same note is 160 Hz . The velocity of sound in
air is (in m/s )
a) 360 b) 330 c) 320 d) 340

810. A police car with a siren of frequency 8 kHz is moving with uniform velocity 36 km/h
towards a tall building which reflects the sound waves. The speed of sound in air is 320
m/s. the frequency of the siren heard by the car driver is
a) 8.5 kHz b) 8.25 kHz c) 7.25 kHz d) 7.5 kHz

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 ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS
Date :28-07-2019 TEST ID: 407
Time : 13:30:00 PHYSICS
Marks : 3240
15.WAVES

: ANSWER KEY :

1) c 2) b 3) a 4) a 153) c 154) b 155) a 156) b

5) c 6) d 7) b 8) b 157) c 158) b 159) b 160) c
9) a 10) a 11) d 12) a 161) b 162) c 163) b 164) d
13) a 14) c 15) c 16) b 165) b 166) b 167) c 168) c
17) b 18) b 19) a 20) a 169) b 170) b 171) b 172) d
21) d 22) d 23) b 24) b 173) d 174) c 175) b 176) b
25) b 26) c 27) d 28) c 177) d 178) a 179) a 180) c
29) d 30) d 31) a 32) d 181) a 182) c 183) c 184) b
33) b 34) c 35) a 36) d 185) d 186) d 187) a 188) b
37) c 38) a 39) c 40) c 189) b 190) d 191) c 192) c
41) a 42) b 43) b 44) d 193) a 194) a 195) b 196) d
45) c 46) c 47) b 48) b 197) b 198) d 199) b 200) a
49) d 50) c 51) d 52) a 201) c 202) d 203) c 204) c
53) c 54) c 55) b 56) c 205) c 206) c 207) a 208) b
57) b 58) b 59) b 60) d 209) a 210) a 211) d 212) b
61) b 62) a 63) b 64) d 213) a 214) d 215) c 216) c
65) c 66) b 67) a 68) a 217) d 218) a 219) c 220) d
69) d 70) a 71) c 72) b 221) b 222) b 223) c 224) c
73) d 74) b 75) d 76) c 225) c 226) d 227) c 228) a
77) b 78) a 79) a 80) c 229) b 230) a 231) b 232) b
81) b 82) d 83) b 84) a 233) a 234) a 235) b 236) a
85) c 86) c 87) b 88) c 237) b 238) a 239) b 240) d
89) c 90) c 91) d 92) b 241) b 242) a 243) c 244) b
93) b 94) c 95) b 96) d 245) b 246) c 247) b 248) d
97) a 98) d 99) d 100) b 249) b 250) b 251) b 252) b
101) a 102) a 103) b 104) b 253) a 254) c 255) a 256) a
105) d 106) d 107) a 108) c 257) b 258) c 259) d 260) a
109) a 110) b 111) a 112) a 261) c 262) d 263) c 264) a
113) b 114) d 115) d 116) c 265) c 266) a 267) b 268) b
117) d 118) b 119) c 120) a 269) a 270) c 271) b 272) a
121) c 122) c 123) c 124) b 273) b 274) b 275) d 276) b
125) d 126) a 127) c 128) a 277) a 278) c 279) d 280) c
129) b 130) c 131) c 132) d 281) a 282) a 283) a 284) b
133) b 134) c 135) a 136) a 285) c 286) b 287) d 288) d
137) b 138) a 139) a 140) c 289) b 290) b 291) a 292) b
141) d 142) a 143) c 144) d 293) b 294) d 295) a 296) a
145) c 146) a 147) a 148) d 297) a 298) b 299) a 300) c
149) c 150) d 151) b 152) c 301) a 302) c 303) c 304) a

P a g e | 117
305) a 306) d 307) d 308) a 509) d 510) a 511) a 512) c
309) c 310) c 311) d 312) b 513) d 514) c 515) a 516) d
313) b 314) d 315) c 316) c 517) b 518) d 519) d 520) d
317) d 318) b 319) c 320) b 521) a 522) a 523) b 524) b
321) b 322) a 323) c 324) d 525) c 526) b 527) b 528) a
325) b 326) c 327) a 328) a 529) d 530) a 531) b 532) c
329) a 330) b 331) a 332) c 533) d 534) c 535) d 536) a
333) a 334) c 335) b 336) d 537) b 538) c 539) a 540) b
337) b 338) a 339) a 340) c 541) d 542) b 543) c 544) c
341) d 342) d 343) d 344) c 545) a 546) b 547) a 548) c
345) c 346) b 347) a 348) b 549) d 550) c 551) c 552) d
349) c 350) c 351) b 352) d 553) c 554) a 555) d 556) a
353) c 354) d 355) a 356) b 557) a 558) d 559) b 560) b
357) a 358) a 359) b 360) b 561) b 562) d 563) a 564) c
361) a 362) a 363) c 364) d 565) b 566) a 567) b 568) c
365) a 366) c 367) d 368) b 569) a 570) c 571) a 572) d
369) b 370) b 371) d 372) a 573) b 574) b 575) a 576) a
373) a 374) d 375) a 376) d 577) c 578) d 579) c 580) c
377) a 378) d 379) c 380) c 581) b 582) c 583) c 584) a
381) c 382) c 383) b 384) a 585) a 586) b 587) c 588) c
385) c 386) b 387) d 388) b 589) c 590) b 591) d 592) a
389) c 390) a 391) a 392) b 593) b 594) b 595) a 596) b
393) c 394) a 395) a 396) c 597) d 598) c 599) c 600) c
397) a 398) a 399) c 400) c 601) c 602) d 603) a 604) d
401) c 402) d 403) c 404) a 605) b 606) b 607) c 608) d
405) a 406) c 407) c 408) a 609) a 610) d 611) c 612) d
409) a 410) b 411) a 412) d 613) d 614) d 615) b 616) a
413) b 414) a 415) b 416) c 617) b 618) c 619) c 620) b
417) c 418) b 419) a 420) b 621) b 622) c 623) d 624) c
421) d 422) b 423) c 424) c 625) a 626) c 627) b 628) b
425) a 426) c 427) c 428) b 629) d 630) b 631) d 632) b
429) d 430) d 431) b 432) a 633) b 634) d 635) c 636) b
433) b 434) b 435) a 436) d 637) d 638) d 639) b 640) a
437) d 438) c 439) b 440) b 641) c 642) d 643) d 644) a
441) b 442) a 443) d 444) b 645) c 646) a 647) d 648) c
445) c 446) c 447) d 448) a 649) a 650) a 651) a 652) a
449) d 450) a 451) d 452) c 653) c 654) b 655) b 656) d
453) c 454) b 455) a 456) a 657) b 658) c 659) d 660) d
457) a 458) c 459) a 460) b 661) d 662) a 663) a 664) c
461) a 462) d 463) b 464) d 665) d 666) d 667) d 668) a
465) d 466) d 467) d 468) d 669) a 670) c 671) b 672) b
469) d 470) b 471) c 472) a 673) b 674) a 675) b 676) d
473) a 474) a 475) c 476) d 677) b 678) d 679) c 680) a
477) c 478) a 479) a 480) d 681) a 682) c 683) b 684) d
481) c 482) c 483) b 484) c 685) d 686) d 687) d 688) d
485) b 486) a 487) b 488) c 689) a 690) b 691) c 692) a
489) a 490) c 491) a 492) a 693) d 694) d 695) d 696) d
493) d 494) c 495) a 496) a 697) c 698) a 699) b 700) a
497) b 498) a 499) a 500) b 701) d 702) d 703) b 704) b
501) b 502) c 503) b 504) a 705) d 706) a 707) c 708) a
505) c 506) b 507) b 508) c
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709) a 710) a 711) c 712) d 761) d 762) d 763) d 764) c
713) a 714) a 715) b 716) a 765) b 766) a 767) d 768) b
717) d 718) d 719) c 720) b 769) a 770) d 771) d 772) d
721) a 722) a 723) d 724) b 773) a 774) c 775) b 776) c
725) c 726) b 727) b 728) b 777) d 778) a 779) a 780) c
729) b 730) c 731) b 732) c 781) a 782) a 783) c 784) b
733) a 734) c 735) c 736) a 785) b 786) c 787) a 788) d
737) d 738) b 739) a 740) a 789) c 790) c 791) d 792) b
741) a 742) a 743) d 744) a 793) d 794) d 795) a 796) d
745) b 746) c 747) c 748) b 797) d 798) a 799) c 800) a
749) c 750) b 751) b 752) a 801) d 802) a 803) b 804) a
753) c 754) c 755) d 756) b 805) a 806) b 807) a 808) b
757) b 758) d 759) c 760) a 809) a 810) a

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 ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS
Date :28-07-2019 TEST ID: 407
Time : 13:30:00 PHYSICS
Marks : 3240
15.WAVES

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

2 (b) vacuum
v
=f
When open tube is dipped in water, it
7 (b)
4 (l+e)

becomes a tube closed at one end.

V
⇒ l+e=
Fundamental frequency for open tube is
4f
V
⇒ l= −e v
4f v 0=
Here e=( 0.6 ) r=( 0.6 )( 2 ) =1.2cm
2l

So l=
2
336 ×10
−1.2=15.2 cm
4 ×512

Frequency of wave is a function of the

4 (a)

source of waves. Therefore, it remains Length available for resonance of closed

unchanged. tube is 0.25𝒍
v v
The apparent change in the frequency of
5 (c) ∴ vc= = ×2=2 v 0
4 (0.25 l) 2 l
the source due to a relative motion
between the source and observer is
As we know that
8 (b)

known as Doppler’s effect. The perceived

frequency is given by
nλ 2l
=I ∨λ=
2 n
'
v =v
( )
v −v o
v−v s 9
Frequency of sonometer wire will be
(a)
Where v is original frequency, v the speed
(250+10) or (250−10) on filling for k beat
of sound, v o speed of observer, v sthe
frequency decrease
speed of source. In the given case there is
∴ Frequency of sonometer wire ¿ 260 Hz
no relative motion between source and
observer, since both are at rest, hence Now using v=
v
frequency of sound heard by the observer
2l
will remain unchanged.
v=260 ×2 ×0.5
⇒ v=260 m/s

Light waves are electromagnetic waves.

6 (d)
10 (a)
Light waves are transverse in nature and
−1
v=2 n ( l 2−l 1 )=2 ×325 ( 77.4−25.4 ) cm s
do not require a medium to travel, hence
they can travel in vacuum. Sound waves
are longitudinal waves and require a
medium to travel. They do not travel in
P a g e | 120
 650× 52 −1 frequency must be (N −5) as in each case
the tunning fork produces 5 beats/sec
−1
¿ m s =338 m s
100
with sonometer wire
Hence n1 l 1=n2 l 2 ⇒ ( N +5 ) × 20=(N−5)×21
On reflection from fixed end (denser
11 (d)

medium) a phase difference of π is

⇒ N =205 Hz
introduced and velocity is reversed.
Frequency of vib. in stretched string
15 (c)

Frequency of second overtone (fifth

12 (a)

harmonic) of close pipe

n=
1 T
2( Length) m √
When the stone is completely immersed
in water, length changes but frequency
5v
¿
Frequency of first overtone (second doesn’t (∵ unison re-established)
fl

harmonic) of open pipe Hence length

¿
2v

Accordingly,
2l
L
∝ √T ⇒ =
l √ √
T air
T water
=
Vρg
V ( ρ−1) g
[Density of stone ¿ ρ and density of water
5v 2 v
− =100 ¿ 1]

Or
4 l 2l

v
=100
L
⇒ =
l
ρ
ρ−1 √ L2
⇒ ρ= 2 2
L −l

Or
4l
Here , n=120 Hz ,
16 (b)

Fundamental frequency of open pipe x=0.8 m , ϕ=0.5 π .

v=400 l

v 400 l
From ϕ=
−1
¿ = =200 s 2π 2 πx 2 π ×0.8
2l 2l x ; λ= = =3.2 m
λ ϕ 0.5 π
13 (a) −1

By using n =n
v=nλ=120 ×3.2=384 m s
v''
v−v S ( )
From the formula for speed of sound in
18 (b)

( ⇒ v O=−v=−¿ (speed of
) air
v−v O
2 n=n
v−0
sound)
Negative sign indicates that observer is
moving opposite to the direction of
v1
v2
Or
=
√( )
T1
T2

velocity of sound, as shown

2
2v
=
(√ 273+27
T )
Or
2

1
=
(√ 300
T )
Let the frequency of tuning fork be N
14 (c) 2
Squaring the Eq. (i), we get
2

As the frequency of vibration string 1 300

1 =
∝ 4 T2
Or T 2=300 × 4=1200 K
For sonometer wire of length 20 cm ,
length ofstring
Or =1200-273=927°C
frequency must be (N +5) and that for the
sonometer wire of length 21 cm , the 19 (a)
P a g e | 121
 n A =¿ Known frequency ¿ 256 Hz , n B=?
Observers in different inertial frames x=6 bps ,which remains the same after
always measure different time intervals loading.
between a pair of events. Unknown tuning fork F 2 is loaded so n B ↓
According to time dilation Hence n A −n B ↓=x → Wrong …(i)
…(ii)
T A >T B
n B ↓−n A =x →
20 (a) ⇒ n B=n A + x=256 +6=262 Hz
Velocity of sound ∈air v =2 n ( l2 −l 1)
25 (b)

For first pipe n1= and for second pipe

¿ 2 ×325 ( 77.4−25.4 ) v
650/52 4 l1
¿
=338 m/s
100 v
n2 =
4 l2
21 (d) So, number of beats ¿ n2−n1=4
y=8 sin2 π (0.1 x−2 t)

Compare it with the equation of wave

⇒ 4=
v 1 1
(
4 l2 l1 ) 1 1
( )
− ⇒ 16=300 − ⇒ l 2=94.9 cm
l2 1

motion
The frequency of fork 2
26 (c)

y=r sin 2 π ( xλ − Tt ) ¿ 200 ± 4=196∨204 Hz

Since, on attaching the tape on the prong
of fork 2, its frequency decreases, but
now the number of beats per second is 6
1
=0.1 , λ=10 cm
i.e., the frequency difference now
λ

increases. It is possible only when before

From ϕ=
attaching the tape, the frequency of fork
2π 2π
x= × 2=0.4 ×180 °=72 °
2 is less than the frequency of tuning fork
λ 10

22 (d) 1. Hence, the frequency of fork 2 is 196

Beat frequency= v 1 v 2 Hz.
Let the frequency of third note be n.
Then, 27 (d)
195 v n ∝ √T
−v =10 … ( i )
⇒ n 1 :n2 :n3 :n 4=√ 1: √ 4 : √ 9 : √ 16=1 :2: 3: 4
And
36

193 v 28 (c)
v− =10 … ( ii ) v 300 3
Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii)
36 n= =
4
Hz= × 10 Hz=50,000 Hz
λ 0.6 ×10 −2
6
v ⇒ Wave is ultrasonic
=20
18
−1 29 (d)
⟹ v =360 m s

After passing the 3 meter intensity is

23 (b)
fundamental frequency f =
f 1 ι2 r2
1
√T
2 rι πρ

given by
∴ = ×
f 2 ι1 r1

√
90 90 90 600 2 1 T
I 3= × × × I =72.9 % of I = × ×
So, the intensity is 72.9 decibel
100 100 100 f2 1 2 T /9
f 2=200 Hz
24 (b)
30 (d)

P a g e | 122
 Phase difference between the two waves
38 (a)
From v=2 n(l 2−l 1 )
is
v 340 ϕ= ( ωt−β 2 )−( ωt−β 1 )=(β 1−β 2)
∴ Resultant amplitude
n= =
2 ( l 2−l 1 ) 2 ( 0.84−0.50 )
A=√ A 1+ A 2+ 2 A 1 A2 cos (β 1−β 2)
2 2

The frequencies of tuning fork are the

340 40 (c)
¿ =500 Hz
term of an AP whose common difference
2× 0.34

31 (a) is 6.
Here p1=3 , T 1=8 , p 2=2 ,T 2=? ∴ ι=a+(n-1)d
2a=a+(24-1)×6
As a=23×6=138
2
T2 p1
∴ second frequency =135+6=144 Hz
=
T 1 p 22

× T 1= × 8=18 g
p1
2
9 41 (a)

Time taken for two syllables t= s

∴ T2= 2 2
p2 4
5

Transverse wave can propagate in solids

33 (b)
2
x + x=v ×t=330 ×
but not in liquids and gases
5

∴ x=66 m
Loudness depends upon intensity while
34 (c)

pitch depends upon frequency In a closed pipe, resonance frequency

42 (b)

n=( 2 r−1 ) v=4 l=135∧165.

Comparing with standard equation we get
35 (a)
The lowest frequency must be highest
2π
=10 π common factor of 135∧165,which is 15 Hz .
λ
43 (b)
n A =¿ Known frequency ¿ 256 Hz , n B=?
2
∴ λ= =0.2m
10
ω=2 π x=4 bps , which is decreasing after loading
∴ n=1 Hz (i .e . x ↓) also known tuning fork is loaded
And the wave is travelling along the so n A ↓
positive direction Hence n A ↓−nB =x ↓ → correct …(i)
n B−n A ↓=x ↓ → Wrong …(ii)
∆ Φ 1 due to path difference ¿ π /2
36 (d)
⇒ n B=n A −x=256−252 Hz
∆ Φ 2 after time
If d is the distance between man and
44 (d)
T
reflecting surface of sound then for
=π
2
π π
⟹ Φ= − + π=
5π hearing echo
3 2 6 340 ×1
2 d=v × t ⇒ d = =170 m
37 (c) 2
A=√ (a 21+ a22 +2 a1 a2 cos ϕ )
In transverse arrangement the tuning
45 (c)

Putting a 1=a2=a and ϕ= , we get A=√ 3 a

fork is placed such that the vibration of
π
3

P a g e | 123
 the prongs is in direction perpendicular
to the length of the string as shown in
v ×n 340 ×n 340 n
f 2= = =
figure. As the tuning fork completes one
v−v s (340−17) 323
2

vibration, the one vibration of wave on f 1 323 19

string is completed. Thus, in transverse
= =
mode, its frequency is the same as that of
f 2 306 18

the fork. Hence, the required ratio is 1:1. 50 (c)

and n2 =
v v
λ 1=2l , λ2=2l+2 Δ l ⇒n1=
2l 2 l+2 Δ l
⇒ No . of beats=n 1−n2=
v 1
−
1
2 l l+ Δ l (= 2
2l)
v Δl

W
52 (a)
2
Intensity ∝ ( amplitude )
46 (c) 2

As
∝ (2 a cos kx )
Hence, intensity will be maximum when
1 ∆v
v= c
coskx is maximum.
2 v

1 ∆v
∴ 0.2 c= c
Let n be the frequency of fork C then
53 (c)
2 (4 ×107 )

and n B=n−
7 3 n 103 n 2 n 98 n
∆ v=1.6 ×10 Hz n A =n+ = =
100 100 100 100
As the rocket is receding away
But n A −n B=5 ⇒
5n
=5 ⇒ n=100 Hz
100
' 7 7
∴ v =v−∆ v=4 ×10 −1.6 ×10 (103)(100)
∴ nA= =103 Hz
7 100
¿ 2.4 × 10 Hz
54 (c)

Comparing with
47 (b)

y=a sin 2 π
[ t x
]
− ⇒ λ=40 cm
T λ

if L1∧L2 are the first and second

48 (b)

resonances, then we have

The frequency of reflected sound heard

λ 3λ
L1 +e= ∧L2 + e=
by the driver
4 4
λ
∴ L−2−L1 =
2
⟹ λ=2 ( L2 −L1)
'
n =n ( v−( −v O )
v−v S ) ( )
=n
v + vO
v−v S

49 (d)
Here, v s =34 m s ,
−1
¿ 124
[ ]
330+ (72 ×5 /18 )
330−( 72× 5/18 )
=140 vibration/ sec
1

Distance between two nodes

55 (b)
−1
v=340 m s
λ v 16 8
v ×n 340 × n 340 ¿ = = =
f 1= = = n 2 2n 2n n
v−v s 340−34 306
1

56 (c)

P a g e | 124
 ∆λ 0.2 8 v ω 1500
v= ×c= × 3× 10 λ ω= = =1.5 m
λ 100 V 1000
5 −1
¿ 6 ×10 m s 62 (a)
γp . The speed (v) will be highest for
When the stone is suspended in air
57 (b) v=
√
the gas for which γ is highest, which is
ρ

monoatomicgas .
n=
1 Wa
2L m √ 63 (b)

When the stone is suspended in water, For closed pipe n1=

v 330
= Hz
4l 4
Second note ¿ 3 n1=
√
3 ×330
1 Ww Hz
n= 4
2 L' m

Minimum time interval between two

64 (d)
√ W a = √ W w ∨ W a = L'
2

instants when the string is flat

∴
L L' Ww L2

Specific gravity of stone

¿ T /2=0.5 sec⇒ T =1 sec
Hence λ=v ×T =10 × 1=10 m
Wa 1 1
Velocity of sound in a gas
¿ = = 65 (c)
Wa−W w Ww
2

L'
1− 1− 2
Wa
√
L γp
v=
d
L2 ( 40 )2

√
¿ 2 '= 2 2
2 vH γ H × d He
L −L ( 40 ) −( 22 ) ∴ = 2 2

vH d H × γ He
2 2

Fundamental frequency of open pipe

√ [ ]
58 (b) vH 7 × 3 ×2 d He
2
= As =2
v He 5×5 dH
v 330 2

first harmonic =n1= = =550 Hz vH

=√
2ι 2× 0.3 42
∴ 2

second harmonic=2 ×n1 =1100 Hz=1.1 kHz v He 2

66 (b)
Given :l=4.9 ×10−4 m
59 (b)

ω=314 ,k =1.57 and v= =

From the formula
ω 314
=200 m/s
k 1.57
2
stress F /π r
60 (d) Y= =
Or
strain l/ L
v L=
√ Y
ρ
, v T=
T
m
=
√ √
T
π r2 ρ F
=Y
l
πr
2
L
vL
VT
=
ρ
×
√
Y π r2 ρ
T
=
Y
T/πr 2
=
Y
√
stress √ =9 ×10 ×
4.9 ×10
4
10
10−¿
¿

11 =44.1×10 6
Y 1 ×10 7 −2
∴ stress= 2
= 2
=10 N m
( v L / v r ) ( 100 )
V=
1
(√ Tm )
Frequency remains the same ie 1000 Hz
61 (b) 2L

wavelength chances

P a g e | 125
 √( ) √(
2 πv
)
2
1 F 1 F /π r t= y 0 ×
¿ = λ
2L πr d 2
2
d
a ×2 πv

√(
∵ ( v max ) particle=2 ( ω )wave ⇒ =2 v ⇒ λ=π y 0
)
6
1 44.1× 10 λ
¿ × 3
2 9 × 10
When the train is approaching the
70 (a)
1 1
¿ √ ( 4.9 ×10 )= √ ( 49 ×10 )
3 2

stationary observer frequency heard by

2 2
the observer
7 ×10
¿ =35 Hz
2 v+ v 0
'
n= n
When the train is moving away from the
v
Given, y=a sin (100 π t-3x)
67 (a)

The general equation, observer then frequency heard by the

2π observer
k =3∧k=
It is clear that n ' and n are constant and
n = {v- {v} rsub {0}} over {v}
Or
λ

2π independent of time. Also and n' >n

λ=
k

nQ =341 ±3=344 Hz or 338 Hz

2π 71 (c)
λ=
On waxing Q , the number of beats
3
Phase difference, ϕ= decreases hence
π
3
2π π nQ =344 Hz
. x=
λ 3
Let x be distance of person from one cliff
72 (b)
π λ
¿ x= ×
and y be distance of person from 2nd cliff.
3 2π
Let y > x .
π 2π
x= ×
Distance,
3 3 ×2 π
∴ x+ x=v ×t 1=340 ×1=340
π
x= m
9 x=170 m

The given equation can be written as

68 (a) y + y=v ×t 2=340 ×2=680

y=340 m.
y=
A
2 (
cos 4 πnt−
4 πx A
λ 2 ) [
+ ∵ cos 2 θ=
1+ cos 2θ
2 ]
Distance between two cliffs
Hence amplitude ¿ and frequency
A
2 ¿ x + y=170+340=510 m
ω 4 πn
¿ = =2 n 73 (d)
2π 2π
And wave length ¿ Wave velocity
ωA
2π 2π λ ¿ nλ=ωA ⇒ λ= =2 πA
= = ω
k 4 π/λ 2
2π

On comparing the given equation with

69 (d)
74 (b)

standard equation y=a sin (vt−x ). It is

v
2π n open=
2 l open
λ
clear that wave speed ( v )wave=v and
v v v
n closed = = =
maximum particle velocity
4 l closed 4 l open /2 2l open

( v max ) particle =aω= y 0 ×co-efficient of

P a g e | 126
 Given v c =v o (both first overtone)
( ) ,i . e . frequency remains
l open
Or
As l closed =
2
unchanged

75 (d)
3 ( 4vL )=2( 2vl )
c o

n=
1 T
2l π r ρ
2
√
⇒ n∝ √ ⇒ 1 = 1 × 2 × 2
T n
lr n2
T l r
T 2 l1 r 1 √ ∴ l o=
( )
4 vo
3 vc
L=
4
3 √ ρ1
ρ2
L

¿
T
√ 3l 3r
× × =3 √ 3 ⇒ n2=
n
( as v ∝ √1ρ )
Therefore correct option is (c).
3T l r 3 √3

…(i)
76 (c)
n1−n2=10 81 (b)

Using n1= and n2 =

v v n ∝ √T
4 l1 4 l2
Speed is maximum when y=a
82 (d)
…(ii)
n1 l 2 26
⇒ = =
n2 l1 25
After solving these equation
∴ a=a cos ωt + ( π
4 )
n1=260 Hz ,n 2=250 Hz

77 (b)
⟹ cos ωt + ( π
4
=1)
Given: y 1=4 sin 404 πt , y2 =3 sin 400 πt
π −π
⟹ ωt + =0⟹ t=
4 4ω
∴ ω1 =404 π , ω2=400 π , A 1=4 , A 2=3
ω 1=2 π v 1 ⇒ 404 π=2 π v 1 ⇒ v 1=202 Hz 84 (a)

Fundamental frequency n=
ω 2=2 π v 2 ⇒ 400 π =2 π v 2 ⇒ v 2=200 Hz v
Beat frequency ¿ v1 −v 2=202−200=2 Hz 2l
350 1
( ) ( ) ()
2
I max A1 + A2 4+3
2
7
2
49 ⇒ 350= ⇒l= m=50 cm
= = = = 2l 2
I min A 1− A 2 4−3 1 1

After reflection from rigid support, a

85 (c)

Given that y=15sin (660 πt—0.02πx)

78 (a)
wave suffers a phase change of π
Comparing with general equation of
progressive wave, we get
n A =unknown frequency=450 Hz,
86 (c)

y= ( x , t ) =a sin ( 2Tπ t− 2λπ x ) n B=? x =5 Hz which is decreasing after

tension is increased (i.e., x↓)
Hence, n A ↓−nB =x ↓ … . ( i ) correct
2π
∴ =660 π
T
1 n B−n A ↓=x ↓ … … . ( ii ) wrong
¿ =330∨v =330 Hz
T ⟹ n B=n A −x=450−5=445 Hz
79 (a) 87 (b)
'
n =n
[ ]
v + vO
v−v S
; Here, m=
10
0.4
kg m = kg m ,
−2
−1 1
40
−1

Here v=332 m/sand v O=v s=50 m/s

T =1.6
⇒ 435=n
[ 332+50
]
⇒ n=321.12 sec −1=320 sec 1

√
332−50 1.6
v=√ T /m= =8 ms−1
1/40
80 (c)

P a g e | 127
 Time interval, ∆ T = =
λ 2 l 2 ×0.4 ⇒ n 1−n2=4 beats
= =0.1 s
v v 8

Both the ends will behave as nodes. In

92 (b)

The apparent frequency heard by the man

88 (c)
the nth mode of vibration,
is given by

v app =v
( )
v ± vo
v ± vs
n ( λ2 )=l ∴ λ= 2nl
On our case, v o=0

∴ v app =v
( v ±vv ) As the tube is open at both ends,
93 (b)

Given, v=300 m s , v s=4 m s , v =240 Hz

s

therefore, next shortest length for

−1 −1

In first case, train is approaching the resonance ¿ 2 ×20=40 cm .

man, so frequency heard
94 (c)
v 1=v
( ) (
v
v±vs
=240
300
300−4 ) n' =n ( v +vv ) ⇒2 n=n ( v +vv )⇒ v+vv =2
o o o

240× 300
¿ =243.24 Hz ⇒ v o=v=332 m/sec
In second case, train is going away from
296

the man, so frequency heard

Compare with y=a sin(ωt −kx )
95 (b)

v 2=v
( v+vv )=240( 300+
s
300
4) We have k =
2π
λ
=62.4 ⇒ λ=
2π
62.4
=0.1
240× 30
¿ =236.84 Hz
96 (d)
Hence, number of beats heard by the man Given equation y= y 0 sin (ωt−ϕ)
304

per second At t=0 , y=− y 0 sin ϕ

¿ v1 −v 2 This is case with curve marked D
¿ 243.24−236.84=6.4 ≈ 6

Waves travelling to the right can be given

98 (d)

by
(c)is the correct choice because its value
89 (c)
y 1= A sin (ωt−kx) …(i)
is finite at all times. When getting reflected from the fixed end
of the string, there is an additional phase
difference of π . The reflected wave is
Sonometer works on the principle of
90 (c)

resonance. At resonance the wire of

y 2= A sin (ωt +kx + π )
sonometer vibrate with maximum ⇒ y 2=−A sin ( ωt+ kx ) …(ii)
amplitude. Superposing, (i) + (ii) is the same as
y=sinC−sin D

Observer hers two frequencies

91 (d) C+ D C−D
y=2 A cos sin
(i) n1 which is coming from the source
2 2

directly The stationary wave is given as

y=2 A cos ωt sin kx

(ii) n2 which is coming from the reflection

image of source
2 πx
y=0.06 sin cos(120 πt)
3

So, n1=680 ( 340−1 ) and n =680( 340+1 ) Here k = and ω=120 π

340 340 2π 2π
=
2
λ 3

P a g e | 128
 In closed organ pipe. If
120 π 104 (b)
∴ λ=3 m, v = =60 Hz
2π
y incident =a sin (ωt−kx ) then

If two SHMs act in perpendicular

99 (d)
y reflected =a sin (ωt +kx + π )=−a sin (ωt +kx )
direction, then their resultant motion is in Superimposition of these two waves give
the form of a straight line or a circle or a the required stationary wave
parabola etc, depending on the frequency 105 (d)
ratio of the two SHMs and their phase Perceived frequency by observer in Ist
difference. These figures are Lissajous case
figure.

100 (b)
v 1=v
( v−v )
v
s

∴ v =v ( )
n A =258 Hz 340 340 v
1 =
340−34 306
Perceived frequency by observer in IInd
n B=262 Hz
Let n is the frequency of unknown tuning
fork. It produces x beats with 258 and 2x case
with 262
262-(258-x)=2x
v 2=v ( 340−17
340
)= 340
323
v

262-268+x=2x Therefore,
X=4
N=254Hz
v 1 340 v 323 323 19
= × = =
v 2 306 340 v 306 18
101 (a)
Compare the given equation with the
106 (d)
Beats period ¿
1
standard form
=0.1 sec
30−20
×0.6=2 π ×6=12 π or Zero
2π 2π
∆ ϕ= Δ t=
T 0.1
y=r cos
[ 2 πt 2 πx
T
−
λ ]
With reflection in tension, frequency of
102 (a)

Coefficient of t=
vibrating string will increase. Since
2π
=2 πn=4 π ,n=2 Hz
number of beats are decreasing.
T

Therefore, frequency of vibrating string 107 (a)

or third harmonic frequency of closed By Doppler’s formula n =
nv
pipe should be less than the frequency of
'

( v−v S )
tuning fork by 4. Since, source is moving towards the
∴ frequency of tuning fork listener so n' >n .
= Third harmonic frequency of closed If n=100 then n' =102.5
pipe+4 100× 320
⇒ 102.5= ⇒ v s =8 m/sec
¿3 ( 4vι )+ 4=3( 4 ×0.75
340
)+4=344 Hz (320−v S )

In an open organ pipe, number of nodes

108 (c)

The minimum distance between

103 (b)
in third harmonic ¿ 3.
compression and refraction of the wire
l= ∴ Wave length λ=2 l Both waves are moving opposite to each
λ 109 (a)

other
2
Now by v=nλ ⇒ n=
360 −1
=180 s ec
2× 1
At point A , source is moving away from
110 (b)

P a g e | 129
 observer so apparent frequency n1 <n frequency increases by 2%
(actual frequency) At point B source is n2−n1
coming towards observer so apparent
2
i .e . , =
n1 100
frequency n2 >n and point C source is 2 2
moving perpendicular to observer so n3 =n
⇒ n 2−n1= × n1 = × 392=7.8 ≈ 8
100 100
Hence n2 >n 3> n1
We know frequency
123 (c)

Here ω=2 πn=2 π ⇒ n=1

111 (a)

113 (b)
n=
p
√T
2l π r ρ2
⇒ n∝
1
√ρ
i .e . , graph between n and √ ρ will be
hyperbola
Distance 1000
Time= = =3.03 sec
Sound will be heard after 3.03 sec . So his
Velocity 330

watch is set 3 sec , slower

124 (b)

For open tube, n 0=

v

For closed tube length available for

2l

Distance between two consecutive nodes

114 (d)
resonance is
is
= ∴ Fundamental frequency of
λ
' 25 l
2 l =l×
water filled tube
100 4
λ 2m
∴ = =1 m
So the distance of another node from the
2 2
v v v n
n= = = =2 n0 ⇒ =2
surface will be
4l
'
4 ×(l/4) l n 0

λ
The maximum particle velocity are twice
3+ =3+1=4 m 126 (a)
2
the wave velocity
Compare the given equation with
115 (d)
aω=2 ( ωk )
Or ak=2
y=a cos ( ωt +kϕ )

Given y=a sin 2π(b+-cx)

1000
⇒ ω=2 πn=2000 ⇒ n= Hz
Or y=a sin (2πbt-2πcx)
π

The general wave can

As phase difference between waves of Y=a sin (ωt-x)
116 (c)

amplitudes 10 mm and 7 mm is π , therefore, Then k=2πc

their resultant amplitude ¿ 10−7=3 mm . So,
Now amplitudes 3 mm and 4 mm have a
a 2 πc=2
c=1 /πa
phase difference¿ .
π

y= A sin (st −b x+ c)Represents a wave,

2 127 (c)

∴ Resultant amplitude ¿ √ 32 +4 2=5 mm when a may correspond to ω∧b may

correspond tok .
117 (d)
1 ∆I ∆r 128 (a)
I∝ ⇒ =−2 =−2 ×2=−4 %
2
I r ∆n 1 ∆T
Hence intensity is decreased by 4%
r n ∝ √T ⇒ =
Beat frequency
n 2 T

119 (c)
1 ∆ n −∆ l
n∝ ⇒ =
¿ ∆ n= ( 12 ∆TT ) n= 12 × 1002 × 400=4
If length is decreased by 2% then
l n l

P a g e | 130
129 (b) 135 (a)
Intensity ∝ ( amplitude )
( v−vv )=( 330−33
2

330 )
2
n' =n O
×100=90 Hz
I1 a 1
∴ = 2
I2 a
Frequency of string ¿ 440 ± 5
2
136 (a)
2
1 a
As frequency of tuning fork decreases
1
= 2
9 a
beat frequency also increases, therefore,
2

frequency of string ¿ 445 Hz

1
a 1
⟹ 2
=
a 3

Frequency of first overtone or second

137 (b)
130 (c)

harmonic ( n 2) =320 Hz . So, frequency of

v 1=256 Hz
For tuning for v 1−v 1=± 5 ,
first harmonic
v 2=frequency of piano
n 2 320
v 2=( 256+5 ) Hz∨( 256−5 ) Hz n1 = = =160 Hz
When tension is increased, the bear
2 2
frequency decreases to 2 beats/s.
If we assume that the frequency of piano Suppose the distance between shooter
138 (a)

string is 261 Hz, then on increasing and reflecting surface is d . Hence time
tension, frequency, more than 261 Hz. interval for hearing echo is
But it is given that beat frequency
decreases to 2, therefore, 261 is not
d

possible.
O

Hence, 251 Hz i.e., 256-5 was the 2d 2d

frequency of piano string before
t= ⇒ 8= ⇒ d=1400 m
v 350
increasing tension.

The frequency, when a sonometer wire of

139 (a)

Beats are the periodic and repeating vibrating length is 48 cm.

131 (c)

functions heard in the intensity of sound, c c c

when two sound waves of very similar
v 1= = =
2 ×ι 1 2 × 0.48 0.96
frequency interface with ine another. The frequency, when a sonometer wire of
Beats = defference in frequencies. vibrating length is 50 cm.
Maximum number of beats =402-400=2 c c c
v 2= = =
2 ×ι 2 2× 0.50 1.00

The distance between two points i .e . path

133 (b)
v 1−v 2=8 v 1
difference v2 4
4
Between them ∆=
λ λ π λ v v 1 1.00 v3
× ϕ= × = = ∴ = ⟹δ
2π 2π 3 6 6n v 2 096
360 1.00
( ∵ v =nλ ) ⇒ Δ= =0.12m=12 cm v 1= v
6 ×500 0.96 2
100
∵ v 2 +8 v 2 ×
According to the law of length
134 (c) 96
v 2=192 Hz .

The frequency of the tuning fork.

n1 l 1=n2 l 2

n1 l 1 800 ×50 v=v 2 + 4=192+ 4=196 Hz

l 2= = =40 c m
n2 1000

P a g e | 131
 Using the relation for Doppler’s shift
140 (c) dy
=A cos (kx−ωt ) [−ω ]
dt
0.05
∆ λ= λ ( Given ) dy
Since,
100 =A cos(kx−ωt ) [ k ]
dx
v dy
∆ λ= λ
c dt −ωA cos(kx−ωt ) −ω
0.05 v = = =−v
∴ λ= λ∨v=5 ×10 c
−4
dy /dx kA cos (kx −ωt ) k
100 c

( )
−4 8 5 −1

Since, λ decreases, the star is

⟹ v =5× 10 × 3× 10 =1.5 × 10 m s dy dy
=−v
approaching the observer.
dt dx

ie particle velocity=−(wave speed )× slope.

A series of notes arranged, such that And slope at x=0 and t=0 is positive, in
141 (d)

their fundamental frequencies have figure. Therefore, particle velocity is in

definite ratios is called a musical scale. In negative y-direction.
1588, Zarlino constructed a musical scale
by introducing sis notes between an
According to Laplace, the speed of sound
145 (c)

Octave. These eight notes constitute

in a gas is
major diatonic scale. The first one note or
the note of the lowest frequencies is
called keynote and ratio of the
v=
γp
=
γRT
√ √
Where R is gas constant, T the
d M
frequencies of the two notes is called
interval between them. It means two temperature and M the molecular weight.
octaves higher means four times the For monatomic gas helium, γ 1= , M 1=4
5
given frequency. 3
∴ Required frequency=4×128=512 Hz For diatomic gas nitrogen, γ 2= , M 2=28
7
5

Here,
√
142 (a) vN γ M
y= A sin ( kx−ωt ) ∴ = 1 2
2

vH γ2 M 1
e

dy
dt
=A cos ( kx −ωt ) × (−ω ) ¿
√
Hence,
5 /3 28
× =
7 /5 4
5×5 5
3
=
√3 √
( )
dy
dt max
= A (−1 ) (−ω )=Aω v h2 √ 3
=
v He 5
143 (c)
The given equation is
146 (a)

( ) ( )
' v v
n =n =90 =100 vibration/ sec
v−v S v π
v− y=5 sin ( 100 t−x ) … ( i )
10
Comparing Eq. (i) with standard wave
2

equation, given by
As is clear from figure, att=0 , x=0,
144 (d)

Y=a sin (ωt-kx) …(ii)

displacement y=0. Therefore, option (a)or
We have
(d)may be correct.
100 π
In case of (d); y= A sin (kx−ωt)
ω= =50 π
2
2π
⟹ =50 π
T

P a g e | 132
 Here ,
2π T 1 8 l 1 36 D1 4
⟹T= =0.04 s = , = , =
50 π T 2 1 l 2 35 D2 1

and
147 (a)
If y incident =a sin (ωt−kx ) and
ρ1 1
=
y stationary =a sin ( ωt ) cos kx then it is clear that
ρ2 2

frequency of both is same (ω) n1=360 Hz ,n 2=?

Now,
For closed pipe √
148 (d) n2 l 1 D 1 T 2 ρ 1
=
n1 l 2 D 2 ρ 2 T 1
v v 332
n1= ⇒l= = =0.5 m

√
4l 4 n 4 × 166 n2 36 4 1 1 36
= × × =
n1 35 1 8 2 35
Comparing with the standard equation,
149 (c)
Clearly n2 >n 1. When n2 =360 Hz ; n1=350 Hz
(vt−x), we have
2π
Number of beats s =n2−n 1=360−350=10
y= A sin
λ −1

v −1
v=200 cm/sec , λ=200 cm ;∴ n= =1 sec
λ

The time-interval between two successive Given,

150 (d) 154 (b)

beats v
v s=
Apparent frequency
1 1 10
T= =
beat freaquency v 1−v 2

Let the equation of wave be

151 (b) v ’=v ( ) v
v−v s
Where
v=real frequency of source
y= A sin (ωt−kx)
v=velocity of sound
Where ω=2 π n∧k = v s=velocity of source
2π

So,
λ

Wave velocity, V =nλ=

ω 2π ω '
× = v v 10
2π k k '
= =
v v− v 9
Maximum particle velocity v= Aω 10

For V =v ; Two possible frequencies of source are

ω 1 λ 155 (a)
=Aω∨ A= =
k k 2π
¿ 100 ±5=105∨95

For interference, two waves must have a Frequency of 2nd harmonic¿ 210∨190
152 (c)

constant phase relationship. Equation '1'

5 beats with source of frequency 205 are
and ‘3’ and ‘2’ and ‘4’ have a constant
possible only when 2nd harmonic has
phase relationship of out of two frequency¿ 210
π

choices.
2
∴ Frequency of source ¿ 105 Hz
Only one S2 emitting ‘2’ and S4 emitting
‘4’ is given so only (c) option is correct
156 (b)
v 340
v=nλ ⇒ λ= = ⇒ λ=2
153 (c) n 170

P a g e | 133
 First case
(
¿ 2 ( 1+ cos t ) sin ( 1000 t ) ∵ 1+ cos θ=2 cos2
θ
2 )
S0 x=1
¿ 2 sin 1000t +2 cos t sin 1000 t
Second case ¿ 2 sin 1000t +sin ( 1001 ) t+sin ( 999 ) t
Therefore, it consists of 3 SHM’s
S0
162 (c)
The speed of the car is 72km h−1
λ
x= =1 m
2
5 −1
¿ 72 × =20 ms
Comparing with
157 (c)
The distance travelled by sound in
18

reaching the hill and coming back to the

10
moving driver
y=a sin(ωt −kx )⇒ a= , ω=2000 π
π
=1800+(1800-200)=3400m
10
So, the speed of sound=
∴ v max =aω= × 2000 π =2000 m/sec
π
and ω=
2π 2π −3
3400
⇒ 200 π = ⇒ T =10 sec =340 m s
−1
T T 10

Comparing the given equation with

158 (b)
163 (b)
Here n1=480 , m=10
y=a cos(ωt−kx )
a=25 , ω=2 πn=2 π ⇒n=1 Hz n2 =n1 ± m=480 ±10=490∨470

159 (b) When tension is increased, n2 will

Here, y=sin2 ωt increase

(∴ n2 ∝ √ T ).
dy
=2 ω sin ωt cos ωt=ω sin 2ωt
dt

As number of beats s−1 decrease,

y

O 2 3 4 n2 =470 Hz
t
164 (d)

√
2
d y
⇒ n∝ √
2
=2 ω cos 2 ωt 1 T T
2 n=
dt 2
2l π r ρ r
For SHM,
√
2

√
d y n2 r 1 T 2 1 1 1
2
∝− y ⇒ = = × =
Hence, function is not SHM, but periodic,
dt n1 r 2 T 1 2 2 2 √2

From the y−t graph, time period is

The first normal mode of vibration is
165 (b)
π
called fundamental mode.
t=
ω
l

Any two particles on different sides of a

160 (c)

node have phase difference of180 °

N

Given,
161 (b) x=0 x=1
l/ 2
For first normal mode of vibration
t 2
y=4 cos sin ( 1000 t )
2
λ1
ι=
Since, the pressure vibration is maximum
2

P a g e | 134
 at node, i.e., at 1/2,
Hence, the pressure variation is
maximum at the
1
x=
2

The speed of sound (longitudinal waves)

166 (b)
''
n n=
( )
v + vO
v−v S
''
⇒ n =f
v−v /10 (
v + v /10
)
=1.22 f

in water is given by 171 (b)

Here, y 1=0.05 sin (3 πt−2 x)
v=
B
√
Where B is bulk modulus of water and d
d

is density
y 2=0.05 sin (3 πt +2 x)

Given, B=2 ×10 9 N m−2 , d=103 kg m−3 According to superposition principle, the
resultant displacement is
v=
√
2 ×10 9
10
3

−1
=1.414 ×103
y= y 1+ y 2

When sound travels back to the observer,

¿ 1414 ms
¿ 0.05 [ sin(3 πt−2 x)+sin(3 πt+ 2 x ) ]
it cover’s twice the distance. So, time of
echo.
y=0.05× 2 sin3 πt cos 2 x

2d y= ( 0.01cos 2 x ) sin 2 πt=R sin 3 πt

t=
Where R=0.1 cos 2 x=¿ ¿ amplitude of the
v

resultant standing wave.

tv 1414 × 2
∴ = =1414 m
2 2
At x=0.5 m
The explanation of the statements are
167 (c)

given below
R=0.1 cos 2 x=0.1cos 2× 0.5
(i) In meled’s experiment p√ T =constant.
⟹ p T =constant
180 °
2 ¿ 0.1 cos 1 ( radian )=0.1 cos
Hence, this statement is correct.
π

(ii) In Kundt’s experiment distance ¿ 0.1 cos 57.3 °

between two heaps of powder is λ /2.
R=0.1× 0.54 m=0.054 m=5.4 cm .
Hence, this statement is correct
(iii) Quink’s tube experiment is related
with interface. Resultant intensity of two periodic wave
172 (d)

So, this statement is correct is given by

(iv) Echo phenomena are related with I =I 1+ I 2 +2 √ I 1 I 2 cos δ
reflection of sound. Where δ is the phase difference between
So, this statement is correct the waves.
For maximum intensity, δ =2nπ; n=0,1,2,
…. Etc.
Water waves are transverse as well as
168 (c)

Therefore, for zero order maxima, cosδ =1

longitudinal in nature
I max ❑=I 1 + I 2 +2 √ I 1 I 2

When source and listener both are

169 (b)
¿ ( √ I 1+ √ I 2 )
2

For minimum intensity, δ =(2n-1)π;

moving towards each other then, the
N=1,2,…etc
frequency heard
Therefore, for Ist order minima, cosδ =-1

P a g e | 135
 I max ❑=I 1 + I 2 −2 √ I 1 I 2
¿ ( √ I 1−√ I 2 )
2

Therefore , I max ❑+ I min❑=( √ I 1+ √ I 2 ) + ( √ I 1−√ I 2 )

¿ 2 ( I1 + I 2 )
2 2 v=√ T /m=
√ 77 ×5.5
0.035
=110 m s−1

According to problem
179 (a)
173 (d)
…(i)
n =n
'
( ) (
v +v o
v−v s
=n
v+ v /2
v−v /2
=3 n )
1 T
=
√v
2L m 4 L
And …(ii)
174 (c)
1 T+8 3 v
2L m
=
√
Dividing equation (i) and (ii),
4L

Energy density ( E ) = =2 π ρ n A
I 2 2 2
v
v max=ωA=2 πnA ⇒ E ∝ ( v max )
2
√ T 1
= ⇒ T=1 N
T +8 3
i .e . , graph between E and v max will be
parabola symmetrical about E axis Large vertical plane acts as listener
180 (c)

moving towards source with a velocity v.

Initially number of beats per second ¿ 5
175 (b)

∴ Frequency of pipe ¿ 200 ± 5=195 Hz or

(c+ v)n
∴ n' =
205 Hz …(i)
c

Frequency of second harmonics of the This is the number of waves striking the
pipe ¿ 2 n and number of beats in this case surface per second.
¿ 10
∴ 2 n=420 ±10 ⇒ 410 Hz or 430 Hz
182 (c)

⇒ n=205 Hz or 215 Hz …(ii) The frequency of a wave is v= where v

v
From equation (i) and (ii) it is clear that
is velocity and λ is wavelength.
λ

For first wave, v 1=396 m s

n=205 Hz −1

176 (b) λ 1=99 cm=99 × 10 m

−2

v 396
f open= ∴ v 1= ×100=400 Hz
2ι open 99
v v For second wavw , v 2=396 m s
−1
f closed = =
4 ι closed 4 ι open −2
λ 2=100 cm=100 ×10 m
2
396
( )
ι open ∴ v 2= ×100 Hz
Number of beats = difference in
As ι closed = 100
2
¿
v
=f i. e . , frequencies.
2 f open open
Frequency remains unchanged.
¿ v 1−v ¿ 400−396=4

For closed organ pipe

183 (c)
177 (d)
ω Co−efficient of t 2 n1 , :n2 : n3 … .=1 :3: 5: … .
v= = = =200 cm/ sec
k Co−efficient of x 0.01

The given equation of a progressive wave

184 (b)
178 (a)
m=
0.035 −1
kg m ,T =77 N is
5.5
y=3 sin π ( 2t − 4x )=3 sin 2 π ( 4t − 8x )
P a g e | 136
 The standard equation of a progressive
wave is
l1 l1
∵ l 1+ + =110 so l 1 =60 cm, l 2=30 cm , l3 =20 cm
2 3
y= y 0 sin 2 π ( Tt − xλ ) In a closed organ pipe in which length of
189 (b)

Comparing these two equation, we get

air-column can be increased or
T=4s, λ=8m
decreased, the first resonance occurs at
∴ velocity of wave,
λ /4 and second resonance occurs at 3 λ /4.
Thus, at first resonance
λ 8 −1
v= = =2 ms
Distance travelled by wave in time t is
T 4
λ
S=vt
=13 … (i )
And a second resonance
4
Or s=2×5=10m
3λ
=41 … ( ii )
185 (d) 4
v=nλ ⇒ λ=10 cm l 1 = /4

Phase difference ¿ × Path difference

2π
λ
2π π N
¿ × 2.5= A
10 2
y
186 (d)

Path difference ( Δ x ) =50 cm= m

1

∴ Phase difference
2 l2 = 3 /4

2π 2π 1
∆ ϕ= × ∆ x ⇒ ϕ= × =π
λ 1 2 A A

Total phase difference ¿ π− =

π 2π N
3 3 y
⇒ A=√ a2 +a 2+2 a 2 cos (2 π /3)=a
Subtracting Eq.(i) from Eq.(ii), we have

From Doppler’s effect in sound, the

187 (a) 3λ λ
− =41−13
perceived frequency (v’) is given by
4 4
λ
⟹ =28
v '= ( v +vv ) v
o 2
∴ λ=56 cm
Where v ois velocity of observer, v of Hence, frequency of tuning fork
sound and v the original frequency.
v 350
v= = =365 Hz
Give, v=240 Hz, v=300 m s , v o=11m s
−1 −1 λ 56× 10−2

v '=240 ( 330+11
330 ) Time lost in covering the distance of 2 km
190 (d)

'
v ≈ 248 Hz by the sound waves
d 2000
188 (b) t= = =6.06 sec ≈ 6 sec
l 1 +l 2+l 3 =110 cm and n1 l 1=n2 l 2=n3 l 3
v 330

Real frequency v=400 Hz

n1 :n2 :n3 ∷1 :2 :3 191 (c)

∵ = = ⇒ l 2= and = = ⇒ l 3 = Apparent frequency v’=390Hz

n1 1 l 2 l1 n1 1 l 3 l1
V’<v
n2 2 l 1 2 n3 3 l 1 3
So, the distance between the source and
listener increases or the listener is going
P a g e | 137
 away from source.
frequencies ¿
320 4
=
240 3

Given, a=0.2m
192 (c)

Ultrasonic waves are those of higher

199 (b)

frequencies than maximum audible range

−1

Equations of transverse wave travelling

v=360 m s , λ=60 m

along positive x-axis frequencies (audible range of frequencies

is 20 Hz to 20000 Hz )
y=a sin 2 π
[ t x
−
T λ ]
Or Velocity of sound is independent of
200 (a)

frequency. Therefore it is same (v) for

y=a sin 2 π
[ v
λ
t−
x
λ ] frequency n and 4 n
y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t−
[ x
] 201 (c)
Resultant amplitude¿ a1 +a 2+ 2a 1 a 2 cos ϕ
60
√ 2 2

When other end of pipe is opened, its

193 (a)

fundamental frequency becomes 200 Hz.

√ π
¿ 0.32 +0.4 2+ 2× 0.3 ×0.4 × cos =0.5 cm
2
The overtone have frequencies
400,600,800 Hz……. Infrasonic waves have frequency less
202 (d)

than (20 Hz ) audible sound and

wavelength more than audible sound
v 0=332 m/s . Velocity sound at t ℃ is
194 (a)

Apparent frequency
v t=(v 0 +0.61 t) 203 (c)
⇒ v 20=v 0 + 0.61× 20=344.2 m/s

⇒ ∆ n=v 20 ( 1 1
− =344.2
λ1 λ 2 )100 100
50
−
51 (
=14 ) '
v =v
( )
v −v L
v−v s

Minimum frequency will be heard, when

195 (b) ¿ 165 ( 355−5
355+5
)
whistle moves away from the listener. (∵ v L =−5 m s−1 , v s=5 m s−1 )
where v=rω=0.5 ×20=10 m/s
340
n min=n ( )
v
v + vs
¿ 165 × =170 Hz
Therefore, the number of beats heard
330

=170-165=5
⇒ n min=385
340
(
340+10
=374 Hz )
204 (c)
Maximum velocity v max ❑ fa=2 ×300 ×0.1
From the given equation k=0.2π
196 (d)
−1
¿ 60 π cm s
2π
⟹ =0.2 π
λ
String vibrates in five segment so
205 (c)
⟹ λ=10 mm
2π 5 2l
∆ Φ= ×∆ x λ=l⇒ λ=
λ 2 5
Hence n= =5 × =5 ×
2π 2π v v 20
¿ × 2= =72 ° =5 Hz
10 5 λ 2l 2× 10

Musical interval is the ratio of

197 (b)
Energy is not carried by stationary waves
207 (a)

208 (b)

P a g e | 138
 By using v=
√ γRT
M
⇒ v ∝ √T
Given that, two waves
212 (b)

v2
v1
T
√ √
= 2=
T1
T + 600
T
=√ 3⇒ T =300 K =27 ℃ y=a sin ( ωt−ka )
And y = a cos (ωt-kx)
Here, the phase difference between the

two waves is .
209 (a)

For closed pipe n= ⇒ n=

π
v 332
=2 Hz
So, the resultant amplitude
2
4l 4 × 42

210 (a) A=√ a21 +a22 +2 a1 a2 cos Φ

Heren1=200 Hz .

Number of beats s ; m=4 −1

( Here a =a , a =a ,Φ= π2 )
1 2

∴ n2=200 ± 4=204∨196 Hz √
∴ A= a2+ a2 +2 a a cos
π
2

On loading fork 2, its frequency

¿ A=√ a2 +a2 +0

decreases. And number of beats s−1

⟹ A= √ 2 a

increases to 6. Therefore m is negative.

For the end correction x,
213 (a)

n2 =200−4=196 Hz l 2+ x 3 λ/4
= =3
l 1+ x λ/ 4
It a is amplitude of each wave,
211 (d)
l 2 −3l 1
⟹ x=
2
2 2
I 0=k ( a +a ) =4 k a 70.2−3 ×22.7
¿ =1.05 cm
Let ϕ be the phase difference to obtain
2

the intensity I 0 /2. 214 (d)

I0 2 2 2
∴ =k a r =k (a +a +2 aa cos ϕ)
dy
dt [ ] x
= y 0 cos 2 π ft− × 2 πf
λ

∴ maximum particle velocity

2

ϕ
( )
2 2 2
¿ k 2 a (1+cos ⁡ϕ )=k 4 a cos dy
2 ¿ =2 πf y 0 × 1
dt max

Wave velocity ¿ fλ
2
¿ I 0 cos ϕ /2

= =cos 45 ° ∴ ϕ=90 °. As 2 πf y 0 =4 fλ, ∴ λ=

ϕ 1 2 π y0 π y0
cos =
√ 2 √2 4 2
If ∆ x is path difference between the two
waves, then If the temperature changes then velocity
215 (c)

of wave and its wavelength changes.

() Frequency amplitude and time period
λ λ π λ
∆ x= ϕ= =
remain constant
2π 2π 2 4

Therefore, displacement of sliding tube

Intensity=energy/sec/area=power/area.
216 (c)
1
( Δ x )= λ/8
2
From a point source, energy spreads over

P a g e | 139
 the surface of a sphere of radiusr . Since solid has both the properties
(rigidly and elasticity)
Intensity =
P P 1
= ∝ 2
A 4πr r
2
224 (c)

Given y=5 sin

But Intensity=( Amplitude )
πx
2 cos 40 πt
Comparing with
3

2 1 1 2 πvt 2 πx
∴ ( Amplitude ) ∝ 2 orAmplitude ∝ y=2a cos sin ⇒ λ=6 cm
r r
∴ The separation between adjacent nodes
λ λ
At distance 2 r ,amplitude becomes A /2
π
¿ =3 cm
217 (d) 2
Reverberation time T =
kV
⇒ T ∝V 225 (c)
αS
For open pipe f 1= and for closed pipe
v
2l
As the string vibrates in n loops,
218 (a)
f1 1
therefore,
v v
f 2= = =2 f 1 ⇒ =

nλ
4×
l
4
l
() f2 2

l=
2
From Doppler’s effect in sound,
226 (d)

Therefore, v would become times.

1
2 '
v =v o
( )
v ± vo

As v ∝ √ T
v ± vs
In the given case, v s=0.5 v , v o=0 , v o−3 kHz
Therefore, to make v half time, T must be '
∴ v =3 ×
v
=6 kHz
made time ie M /4 .
1 v−0.5 v
4
227 (c)
When piston moves a distance x 1, path
difference change by 2 xs.
∴the path difference between maxima
Both listeners, hears the same
219 (c)
and consecutive minima= λ /2
frequencies ∴2 x=λ /2
Or
λ=4x=4×9 cm=36cm=0.36m
Speed of sound, doesn’t depend upon
220 (d)

pressure and density medium at constant

v 360
temperature
n= = =1000 Hz
λ 0.36

Frequency of closed pipe

228 (a)
With temperature rise frequency of
222 (b)

tuning fork decreases. Because, the

v v
elastic properties are modified when
n1 = ⟹ι 1=
4 ι1 4 n1
temperature is changed Frequency of open pipe,
Also, n1=n0 (1−0.00011t) n2 =
v
⟹ι 2=
v
Where nt =¿ frequency at t ℃ ,n 0=¿
2 ι1 2 n2
When both pipes are joined then length of
frequency at 0 ℃
closed pipe
223 (c) ι=ι 1 +ι 2

P a g e | 140
 v v v ∴ frequency =6×60=360
= +
4 n 4 n1 2 n2
Or
Sending wave mode arises from the
233 (a)

combination of reflection and impedance

1 1 1
= +
such that the reflected wave interfere and
2n 2 n1 2 n2
Or
impedance such that the reflected waves
1 n 2+2 n1 interfere constructively with the incident
wave.
=
2n 2 n1 n2
Or Wave z 1= A sin(kx−ωt ) is travelling along
positive x-direction, z 2= A sin(kx +ωt) is
n1 n2
travelling along positive y-direction.
n=
n2+ 2n 1
Hence, z 1+ z2 produce standing wave
because they travel along same axis but
229 (b)

in opposite direction.
ω1 400 π
n1 = = =200 Hz
2π 2π
ω2 400 π
From doppler’s effect, perceived
234 (a)
n2 = = =202 Hz
2π 2π
∴ Number of beats per sec n=n2−n1=2 frequency
Again, A1=4∧ A2=3
2
I max ❑ ( A 1+ A 2 )
'
v =v
( )
v −v o
v−v s
( )
2
4+3 49
= = =
I min❑ ( A 1−A 2 ) 2
4−3 1 9 340
=
8 340−v s
230 (a)
Here ,T 1=16 N ,T 2=?
⟹ 9 ( 340−v s ) =8 ×340
−1 −1
⟹ v s=37.7 m s =40 ms
As per the choice given, T 2> T 1
From the given equation amplitude
235 (b)

a=0.04 m
Frequency ¿
∴ n2 >n1 , ( n2−n1 )=3 …(i) Co−efficient of t π /5 1
= = Hz
As Wave length
2π 2 π 10
n ∝ √T
2π 2π

√ √
n T T λ= = =18 m
Co−efficient of x π /9
Wave speed
∴ 2= =
n1 16 4

If n1 corresponds to 4 :n2 corresponds to

Co−efficient of t π /5
v= = =1.8 m/s
3+ 4=7, which is √ T . Therefore, T =49 N
Co−efficient of x π /9

Frequency of waves remains same,

236 (a)

Apparent frequency in this case

231 (b)
i .e .60 kHz

and wavelength λ= =
' n(v + v o) v 330
n= =5.5 mm
v n 60× 10
3

v +v o n
'
'
∵ >1 ⇒ >i . e . n > n 238 (a)
v n
Speed of sound v= ⇒ = 2 [∵ P-
Speed =360 revolutions per min
232 (b)

constant]
√ γP v 1
d v2
d
√
d1
=360/60 revolutions per sec=6
239 (b)
P a g e | 141
 EM waves do not require medium for
their propagation

Velocity of sound increases if the

245 (b)

temperature increases. So with v=nλ ,if v

330 ×(3+5)
2 ( d 1 +d 2 )=v ( t 1 +t 2 ) ⇒ d 1+ d 2= =1320 m
increasesn will increase
2

At 27 ℃ , v 1=nλ , at 31 ℃ , v 2=(n+ x )λ
When plucked at one fourth it gives two
240 (d)

Now using v ∝ √ T ∵ v=
loops, and hence 2nd harmonic is
produced.
[ √ ] γRT
M

N
A N A
N
v2
v1
= 2=
T1 √
T n+ x
n

241 (b)
⇒
300+ x
300
=
(273+31)
(273+27)√ =
304
300
=
√ √
300+ 4
300

( ) ( )
1/ 2

Here ρ1= ρ2 ;
r1 1 x 4 1 4
⇒ 1+ = 1+ = 1+ × ⇒ x =2
= ,T =T 2 300 300 2 300
r2 2 1 n
[∵ ( 1+ x ) =1+ nx]

n1 =
1
√ T1
2 lr 1 π ρ1
; n2 =
1
√T2
2l r 2 π ρ2
246 (c)
We know that intensity I ∝ a2 , where a is
amplitude of the wave. The maximum
amplitude is the sum of two amplitudes
n1 r 2
= =2
i.e., (a+ a=2 a)
n2 r 1

Hence, maximum intensity ∝ 4 a 2

Velocity of wave (v)=360 m/s Therefore the required ratio i .e . , ratio of
242 (a)

Frequency, n= 600Hz maximum intensity (loudness) and

Phase difference, ∆ Φ=60 ο intensity (loudness)of one wave is given
If the minimum distance between two by n ,
points is ∆x, then 4a
2

λ n= 2
=4
∆ x= ×∆Φ a
2π

As given,
v 247 (b)
Δx= ×∆Φ
Or
2 πn

360 (
y=10−6 sin 100 t+ 20 x +
π
4 )
… (i)

Comparing it with
∆ x= × 60
2 π × 600
360 π y=a sin ( ωt +kx +ϕ ) … ( ii )
We find,
∆ x= ×
2 π × 600 3
1 ω=100 rad s , k=20 /m
−1
∆ x= m
10 ω 100 −1
∆ x=10 cm ∴v= = =5 ms
k 20
243 (c)
Intensity ∝ ( amplitude ) As source is moving towards observer,
248 (d)
2

As Amax =2 a o ¿ amplitude of one source) so

' uv 333 × 450
I max=4 I o ∴v = = =499.5=500
u−v 1 333−30
244 (b)
P a g e | 142
 l 3+ x
=5
l 1+ x
When the piston is moved through a
249 (b)

distance of 8.75 cm , the path difference

l 3=5 l 1+ 4 x=5 × 22.7+4 ×1.05=117.7cm

produced is 2 ×8.75 cm=17.5 cm. 257 (b)

This must be equal to for maximum to

λ v c /2 λ 2
∴ = =
v c v /4 λ 1
change to minimum.
2

Comparing with y=a cos(ωt+ kx−ϕ),

λ 258 (c)
∴ =17.5 cm⇒ λ=35 cm=0.35 m
2
So, v=nλ ⇒ n= = We get k =
v 350 2π
=1000 Hz =0.02 π ⇒ λ=100 cm
Also, it is given that phase difference
λ 0.35 λ

between particles Δ ϕ= . Hence path

250 (b) π
n1 l 1=n2 l 2 ⇒ 250 × 0.6=n2 × 0.4 ⇒ n 2=375 Hz
difference between them
2
251 (b)
λ λ π λ 100

√ √
T T Δ= ×∆ ϕ= × = = =25 cm
v= = 2π 2π 2 4 4
m π r2 ρ

√ Beat frequency of heart ¿ 1.25 Hz

259 (d)
v∝ √ ⇒ A= A . B = . =
T v
r vB
T r
TB rA
1 1 1
2 2 2 √2√ ∴ Number of beats in 1 minute
252 (b) ¿ 1.25 ×60=75

Phase difference ¿ × path difference

2π
n A =? ,n B=¿ Known frequency ¿ 320 Hz
260 (a)
λ
x=4 bps , which remains same after filing.
π 2π
⇒ = × 0.8⇒ λ=4 × 0.8=3.2 m
Unknown fork A if filed so n A ↑
Velocity v=nλ=120 ×3.2=384 m/s
2 π

Hence n A ↑−nB =x → Wrong

Since there is no relative motion between

253 (a) n B−n A ↑=x → Correct

the source and listener, so apparent

⇒ n A=nB −x=320−4=316 Hz .
This is the frequency before filing.
frequency equals original frequency
But in question after filing is asked which
must be greater than 316 Hz , such that it
Since there is no relative motion between produces 4 beats per sec . Hence it is 324 Hz
254 (c)

the listener and source, hence actual

frequency will be heard by listener
261 (c)
Let I r∧I i represent the intensities of
reflected and incident waves respectively,
then
256 (a)
l 1 + x= =22.7 ;
λ

( )
4 Ir 2
μ−1
=
Ii μ+1
l 2 + x= =70.2; l 3 + x=
3λ 5λ
v1
4 4 Where μ=
v2

√ √ √
l 2−3 l 1 70.2−68.1 2.1 T
x= = = =1.05 cm
2 2 2 m1 m2 25 5
¿ v= = = =

√T m1 9 3
m2

P a g e | 143
 of moving engine. Thus, the source and

[ ] the observer can be presumed to

2

Ir
∴ =
5
3
−1()
=
1
approach each other with same velocity.
Ii 5
3
+1() 16
'
v=
v ( v +v o )
( v−v s )

( )(
262 (d)
For two coherent sources, I 1=I 2
v +v s
¿v ∵ v o =v s )
v−v s
I max= ( A 1 + A 2 )2=( √ I 1 + √ I 2 )
2

This is given as I 0 for maximum and zero

⟹ v ' =1.2 ( 350−50
350+50
)
for minimum. If there are two
noncoherent sources, there will be no
1.2× 400
¿ =1.6 kHz
maximum and minimum intensities.
300

Instead of all the intensity I 0 at maximum

Using relation v=v λ
266 (a)

and zero foe minimum, it will be just I 0 /2

Or
263 (c) v 340
λ= = −1 m
If length of resonance columns are
v s=rω=r × 2 πv v 340

70 22 −1 l 1 ,l 2∧l 3 , then
¿ ×2 × × 5=22 m s
100 7 λ 1
l 1= = m=25 cm ( for first resonance )
Frequency is minimum when source is
4 4
moving away from listener.
3λ
l 2= =75 cm ( for second resonance )
4
u× v 352 ×1000 5λ
'
v= = =941 Hz l 3= =125 cm for third resonance
This case of third resonance is impossible
u+u s 352+22 4

because total length of the tube is 120 cm

So, minimum height of water =120-
75=45cm
Since, train (source) is moving towards
264 (a)

pedestrian (observer), the perceived

frequency will be higher than the As is known, frequency of vibration of a
268 (b)

original. stretched string

'
v =v
( )
v + vo
v −v s
n ∝ √ T ∝ √ mg∝ √ g

Here, v o=o (as observer is stationary)

Asn ω=
80
v s=25 m s (velocity of source)
n =0.8 na
−1 100 a
(velocity of sound)
−1

And v=1kHz (original frequency)

v=350 m s
( )
2
g' nω
∴ = =( 0.8 )2=0.64
Hence,
g na

If ρω =¿ relative density of water(=1)

v '=1000 ( 350−25
350+0
)
350 ρm =¿relative density of mass
¿ 1000 × =1077 Hz
ρr =¿ relative density of liquid, then
325

The reflection sound appears to

265 (c)

propagate in a direction opposite to that

P a g e | 144
 ( )
g
'
ρω v+ v s =2 v−2 v s
= 1− =0.64
g ρm
v
3 v s=v , v s=
(i)
ρω 3
=1−0.64=.36
ρm

Similarly, in the liquid 271 (b)

g' nL
=
g na
2

( )
=( 0.6 )2=0.36
2
( )
v1
=
v2
2 ι1 4 ι 2

∴√
T /μ 320
=
ι1 4 ι2
( ρL
) ( μ=mass per unit length of wire)
'
g
= 1− =0.36
g ρm
¿
√50 / μ = 320
(ii) Solving we get μ=0.02 kg/m=20 g/m
ρL 0.5 4 ×0.8
=1−0.36=0.64
∴ Mass of string=20 g/m ×0.5 m=10 g
ρm

Dividing Eq. (i) by Eq. (ii), we get

In transverse waves medium particles

272 (a)

vibrate perpendicular to the direction of

ρ L 0.64
= =1.77
propagation of wave
ρm 0.34

Hence specific gravity of liquid=1.77

As v=nλ
273 (b)

v 300 3
∴ λ= = = m
The time taken by the stone to reach the
269 (a)
Now, phase difference
n 500 5

lake
2π

√( ) √(
¿ × path difference
t 1=
2h
g
=
2 ×500
10 ) 1
=10 sec (Using h=ut+ g t 2)
2
λ

Now time taken by sound from lake to the

2π
∴ 60 °= × path difference
man
λ
60° × π 2 π ×5
¿ = × path difference
h 500 180° 3
t 2= = ≈ 1.5 sec
v 340
⇒ Total time ¿ t 1+t 2=10+1.5=11.5 sec
3 ×60 × π
path difference= =0.1
2 π × 5× 180

274 (b)
Let n be the actual frequency of sound of Beat frequency=number of beats s−1
270 (c)

horn.
¿ n1−n2
If v s is velocity of car, then frequency of
sound striking the cliff (source moving And maximum loudness
towards listener)
2 2
¿ ( a+ a ) =4 a =4 I 1∨4 I 2=4 I

' ( v+ v s ) n ' ( v + v s ) v ×n
n= = ×
v v ( v−v s ) 275 (d)
ω 2 π× λ λ
Or
n v +v s
' speed v= = =
= =2 k T ×2π T
n v−v s
276 (b)

P a g e | 145
 Let L is the original length of the wire
and k is force constant of wire.
v=
1
√T
2l π r 2 d

Final length = initial length + elongation

'
L =L+
F
⟹v=
1 T
2 rl πd
v1 r2 2
√
For the condition
k ∴ = =
v2 r1 1
4
The speed of sound in a gas of density ρ
a=L+ … ( i ) 279 (d)

For the second condition

k
at pressure P is
5
b=L+ … ( ii )
By solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
k v=
√ γP
ρ
1 280 (c)
L=5 a−4 bandk=
Now, when the longitudinal tension is 9N,
b−a v v v v
v 1= = ∧v 2= =
length of the string
λ 1 1.00 λ2 1.01

9
¿ L+ =5 a−4 b +9 ( b−a )
∴ ∆ v=v 1 −v 2=v
[ 1
−
0
1.00 1.01
=10
]
=5b-4a
k
10 × 1× 1.01
¿ v= =1010 for 3 s
0.01
−1

Let m be the total mass of the rope of

277 (a) ∴ v =336.6 m s

lengthl . Tension in the rope at a height h

281 (a)

from lower end= weight of rope of length Loudness,

I
L=10 log 10
h is T =
I0
mg
(h) I1
l 60=10 log 10
I0
As v=
√ T
(m/l) ⟹
I1
I0
6
=10 … ( i )

I2
v=
√
mg(h)
l(m/l)
= √ gh
similarly , 30=10 li g10

I2 3
=10 … ( ii )
I0

I0
Dividing Eq. (i) by Eq. (ii), we get
2
v =gh

Which is a parabola. Therefore, h versus v

graph is a parabola option (a) is correct.
I1
=1000
I2

The fundamental frequency of a wire is

278 (c)

Path difference for a given phase

282 (a)

given by
difference δ is given by
v=
1 T
√
Where l is length of wire, T the tension
2l m ∆ x=
λ
2π
δ

and m the mass per unit length. Given that δ=60 °=

π
3
mass of wire λ π λ
m= Δ x= × ∴ ∆ x=
length of wire 2π 3 6
2
π r L× density 2
¿ =π r d 283 (a)
L

P a g e | 146
 Velocity of propagation listener (aeroplane)
Coefficient of t 2 π /0.01 −1 V s = 0 V L(-)
x= = =30 m s
coefficient of x 2 π /0.3 S L
If apparent frequency is v’ and v is actual
frequency, then
284 (b)

If ρ H =1, then ρmix =

4 × 1+ 1× 16
=4
(4 +1) '
v−(−v L ) v +v L
v= v= L
i .e . , v’>v
v v

So, apparent frequency will increase, it

v mix
vH
=
ρH
√ √
ρmix
1 1
= =
4 2
means apparent wavelength will
decrease.

As is clear from figure of question

292 (b)
v H 1224 −1
v mix= = =612 m s
2 2 λp v v
l= , λ=4 l , n p= =
286 (b) 4 λp 4 l
velocity
Frequency= λq v v
Wavelength l= , λq =2l , nq = =
v 330 2 λq 2l
∴ f 1= = =66 Hz
λ1 5 v v
And f 2= =
v 330 l=λ r , λr =l ,n r= =
=60 Hz λr l
λ2 5.5
Number of beats per second 3 λs 4l v 3v
l= , λs = , n s = =
¿ f 1−f 2=66−60=6 4 3 λs 4 l

Given,
287 (d) v v v 3v
∴ n p :nq :nr : ns= : : : =1 :2 :3 :4
Progressive wave y=a sin (kx-ωt)
4 l 2l l 4l

When reflected by right wall

At t=0 and t=2s, the shape of y-x graphs
293 (b)
Progressive wave y’= a sin [k(-x)-wt)]
Or y’ = a sin [-(kx+ωt)] are same.
Or y’ = a sin (kx+ωt) 294 (d)

For hearing beats, difference of

289 (b) Y =10 sin
[ 2π
45
t+ a
]
frequencies should be less than 10 Hz If t=0, y=5 cm
5=10(sin a)

In close organ pipe

290 (b) 1
sin a=
2
v π
v= a=
So,
4l
If t=7.5 g
6

l=
v Then total phase =
4v 2 π 15 π π π π
× + = + =
45 2 6 3 6 2
291 (a)
Here, v s=0∧v L is negative where v sis
velocity of source and v Lis velocity of
295 (a)

P a g e | 147
 v nMW 3 ×10 8
I =I 1+ I 2 +2 √ I 1 I 2 cos ϕ
If ϕ varies randomly with time, so
6
n= ∝ v ⇒ ≈ 2
≈ 10 :1
λ n US 3 × 10
( cos ϕ )av =0
Firstly, car will be treated as an observer
296 (a)
⇒ I =I 1 + I 2
which is approaching the source. Then, it For n identical waves, I =I 0 + I 0 + … .=n I 0
will be treated as a source, which is Here I =10 I 0
moving in the direction of sound.

According to Doppler’s effect, whenever

299 (a)
C1 V1 V2 C2
there is a relative motion between a
Hence,
S
source of sound and listener, the
apparent frequency of sound heard by the
f 1=f o
( )
v + v1
listener is different from the actual
frequency of sound emitted by the source.
v−v 1

( ) Let S be source of sound and L the

v + v2
f 2=f o
listener of sound. Let v be the actual
v−v 2
frequency of sound emitted by the source
∴ f 1 −f 2= ( 100
1.2
)f o
and λ be the actual wavelength of the
sound emitted.
¿fo
[ v + v v + v2
−
v +v 1 v−v 2 ] If v is velocity of sound in still air, then
Or λ=
v
V
If velocity of listener is v Land velocity of
2 v ( v 1−v 2 )
( )
1.2
100
f o=
( v −v 1 ) ( v −v 2 )
,fo
source is v s, then apparent frequency of
as v 1∧v 2 Are very very less than v.
sound waves heard by the listener is
We can write, ( v−v 1) ∨( v−v 2 ) ≈ v . v−v L
'
2 ( v 1−v 2 ) v= ×V
∴ ( 100
1.2
)f =o
v
fo
v−s s
Here, both source and listener are
v × 1.2 approaching each other.
¿ ( v 1−v 2 ) =
200 V s(+) V L(-)
300× 1.2 −1
¿ =1.98 m s S L
200
=7.128kmh−1
Then v s is positive and v L is negative.
∴ the nearest integer is 7.

( )
'
v −(−v L ) v+ v L
∴v = v= v
297 (a) v−v s v −v s
y= y 1+ y 2 =a sin ( ωt−kx )=a sin ( ωt−kx ) '

Also,
i .e . , v > v

Clearly it is equation of standing wave for

y=2a sin ωt cos kx

position of nodes y=0.

'

So, listener listens more frequency and

λ <λ

observes less wavelength.

λ
i .e . , x=( 2 n+1 )
4

( ) 1
⟹ n+ λ=0 , 1 , 2, 3
Third mode of vibration or second
300 (c)

overtone has three loops.

2

In case of interference of two waves

298 (b)

resultant intensity

P a g e | 148
 X =0 Or T =0.04 s
N N
A A A 305 (a)
N N 1
n ∝ ⇒ n1 l 1=n 2 l 2 ⇒ ( n+4 ) 49=( n−4 ) 50 ⇒ n=396
l
3
l=
Beats are the periodic and repeating
2 306 (d)
It consist of 4 nodes and 3 antinodes.
function heard in the intensity of sound
when two sound waves of very similar
frequency interface with one another.
301 (a)
y ( x , t )=e−( a x +b t +2 √ ab tx )
2 2

¿ e−( √ a x+√ b t )
It is a function of type
308 (a)

∴ y(x,t) represents wave travelling along – No of beats, x=∆ n=

30
=10 Hz
x direction. ⇒ Also
3

Speed of wave=
ω √b
= =
k √a
b
a √ ∆ n=v
[ 1 1
] [ ]
1 1
− =v − =10 ⇒ v =300 m/s
λ 1 λ2 5 6

Total energy is conserved

302 (c)
Relation of path difference and phase
309 (c)

difference is given by
If after t time, displacement of particle is
303 (c)
2π
y, then the rquation of progressive wave
∆ Φ= ×∆ x
Where∆ x is path difference.
γ

But path difference between two crests ∆

y x=λ

Hence, ∆ Φ=
A A 2π
× λ=2 π
λ
A
310 (c)
Here, v=330 m s−1
x

Y=A cos (ax+bt)

Phase difference of 1.6 π=40 cm

Phase difference of
304 (a)
π
y=5 sin ( 100 t−x ) 40
2 2π= ×2 π cm=50 cm
1.6 π
y=5 sin ( 1002 π t− π2 x) ie, λ=50 cm=0.5 cm

v 330
y=5 sin 50 πt− ( π
2
x ) n= =
λ 0.5
=660 Hz

The general equation

Speed of sound v ∝ √ T and it is
311 (d)

y=a sin ( ωt−kx ) independent of pressure

Position of first node=16cm

∴ ω=50 π 312 (b)

2π 2π 1 λ
T= = = +e=16 cm
ω 50 π 25 2

P a g e | 149
 Where e =end correction
Position of second node=46cm
∴ PS=2( OL)

λ λ
+ + e=46 cm
Dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq.(i)
2 2

λ
=30 cm
2
60
λ=60 cm= m
∴ speed of sound v=v λ
100
2 2
60 cos α= ∧cos β=¿ ¿
¿ 500 × =300 m s
−1
√5 √5
Now , apparent frequency n' is given by
100

313 (b)

Using n=
1 T
2l m√ '
n=
( v−v L cos β)n
(v + v L cos α )

Number of beats ¿ Where v is velocity of sound.

√[ ]
1 T 1 1
−
2 m l2 l1

¿
1
√20
−3
1
2 1 ×10 49.1 ×10[−2
−
1
51.6 ×10−2
=7
] '
n=
( v−v √ 5)n
(v +4 v √ 5)

314 (d) Clearly, n' is constant, but n' <n . This is

shown in curve (b).
By using n =n ( )
'
' v n V
⇒ =
v−v S n V −S

Frequency of sonometer wire is given by

319 (c)

The nodes and antinodes are formed in a

317 (d)

standing wave pattern as a result of the

interface of two waves. Distance between
v=
√
1 T 1
=
T
2l m 2 l π r 2 p√
two nodes is half wavelength ( λ )
| /2 |
v 1=
1
√ T1
2 l 1 π r 21 ρ1

A A A v 2=
1
√ T2
2 l 2 π r 22 ρ2

√
2
N v 1 l 2 T 1 r 2 ρ2
N N N N ∴ = × ×
v 2 l 1 T 2 r 21 ρ1

√
A A v 1 35 8 1 2
= × ×
| | N =Node v 2 36 1 16 1
A = Antinode ∵ v 1 < v 2∧v 2=360 Hz
Standerd equation of standing wave is Therefore,
2 πx 2 πvt 35
y=2a sin cos v=360 ×
Where a is amplitude, the wavwlength
γ γ 36
v 1=350 Hz
So, number of beats produced = v 1−v 2
Let speed of observer be v L =v along Y - =360-350=10
318 (b)

axis and speed of source the v s=2 v L =2 v

along X -axis
320 (b)

P a g e | 150
 Co−efficient of t 1/2 acoustic wave pressure
So ρmax =ρ A + ρ0 and ρmin =ρ A −ρ0
v= = =2 m/ s

Hence d=vt=2 ×8=16 m

Co−efficient of x 1/4

Thus
ρmax ρ A + ρ0
=
ρmin ρ A −ρ0
Speed of sound in gases is given by
321 (b)
329 (a)
v=
√ γRT
M
⇒v ∝
1 v
⇒ 1=
M2
√ M v2 M 1 √ v=
√
γRT
M
⇒v ∝
γ Since γ is maximum
M
.
√ M
for H 2 so sound velocity is maximum in H 2
322 (a)

From the given equation k = =¿ Co-

2π
Path difference between the wave
330 (b)
k
efficient of x=
π
⇒ λ=8 m reaching at D
4
Δ x =L2 P−L1 P=√ 40 2+ 92−40=41−40=1 m

For maximum Δ x =( 2n )
λ
When train is approaching frequency
323 (c)

For first maximum

2
heard by the observer is

( ) ( ) …(i)
v 340 λ
n a=n ⇒ 219=n ( n=1 ) ⇒ 1=2 ( 1 ) ⇒ λ=1 m
v−v S 340−v S 2
When train is receding (goes away),
v
frequency heard by the observer is
⇒ n= =330 Hz
λ

( v +vv )⇒ 184=n( 340+ …(ii)

v )
340
Velocity of sound v ∝ √ T
nr =n 331 (a)

On solving equation (i) and (ii) we get Time

S S

n=200 Hz and v S=29.5 m/ s t∝

1
√v
324 (d) 1
First overtone for closed pipe ¿
3v ∴t ∝
√T
4l
Fundamental frequency for open pipe ¿
v
2l
t1
t2
= 1
√
T
T2

First overtone for open pipe ¿

2v
2l
2
t2
=
√
273+ 30
273+ 10

326 (c)
Frequency of 2nd overtone
2
t2
=
√303
283
2
=1.03

n3 =5 n1=5 ×50=250 Hz t 2= =1.9 s

1.03
327 (a)
Number of extra waves received s−1 =±u / λ
Frequency of p th harmonic
332 (c)

pv 2 ln 2 ×0.33 × 1000
n= ⇒ p= = =2
2l v 330
∴ Number of beats s = −(−u / λ)=
−1 u 2u
λ λ 333 (a)
n and n After =
v v
n Before = .n
Maximum pressure at closed end will be
328 (a) v−v c v+ v c

atmosphere pressure adding with

P a g e | 151
 get
1
2l √ T'
m 606
=
1
2l √ T 600
m
nBefore 11
= =
n After 9
v+ v c
v −v c ( )
⇒ . vc ⇒
v
10 ⇒
√
T'
T
T'
=( 1.01 ) ⇒ =(1.02)
T
'
⇒ T =T (1.02)
Since frequency remains unchanged Increase in tension
334 (c)

V=v’
'
∆ T =T × 1.02−T =(0.02T )

Hence,
' '
v v ∆T
= =0.02
λ λ' T
v 2v
=
Since sources of frequency x gives 8
338 (a)
λ λ'
beats per second with frequency 250 Hz ,
' 2v
it’s possible frequencies are 258 or 242.
λ= λ
v
As source of frequency x gives 12 beats
'

Hence, its wavelength will become twice.

λ =2 λ
per second with a frequency 270 Hz , it’s
possible frequencies are 282 and 258 Hz .
The given standing wave is shown in the The only possible frequencies of x which
336 (d)

figure gives 8 beats with frequency 250 Hz also

N 12 beats per second with 270 Hz is 258 Hz
N A A N
As length of loop or segment is Due to rise in temperature, the speed of
339 (a)

sound increases. Since n= and λ

λ v

So length of 2 segments is
2
remains unchanged, hence n increases
λ

2 ( 2λ ) 340 (c)
λ
∴ 2 =1.21 Å
2
n=
1
√ T
2 l π r2 ρ
∝ 2
√
T
r ρ

√( )( ) ( ) √ 2 )=1
⟹ λ=1.21 Å 2

( )( ) (
n1 T1 r2 ρ2 1 1 2
2
⇒ = =
337 (b) n2 T2 r1 ρ1 2 1
n1−n2=6 ∴ n1=n2

⇒
1 T' 1 T
−
√
2l m 2l m
=6
√ Compare the given equation with
341 (d)

⇒
1 T'
2l m √
−600=6 y=a sin ( ωt +kx ) ⇒ ω=2 πn=100 ⇒ n=
50
π
Hz

=606=¿ Fundamental frequency … =1 ⇒ λ=2 π and v=ω /k=100 m/ s

√
1 T' 2π
k=
Since '+' is given between t terms and x
λ
(i)
2l m

Given, term, so wave is travelling in negatie x -

direction
…(ii)
1 T
√
=600
Dividing Equation (i) by Equation (ii), we
2l m 343 (d)

P a g e | 152
 Frequency f =
√ √
T 1 T 1 u 330 1
= λ= > =15 m=10 m
2
2L
M 2 L π r (1)ρ n 20

√ ( )( ) ( )( )
1 T f 1 r 2 L2 1 r2 4
¿ ⇒ = ⇒ =
2rL πρ f 2 r 1 L1 2 r1 1

Assin(90 ±θ=cos θ), therefore, phase

347 (a)
r2 1 r1 8

difference between the two waves is

⇒ = ⇒ =
r1 8 r2 1

90 °∨ .
π
The motorist receives two sound waves,
344 (c)
2
direct one from the band and that
reflected from the wall, figure. For direct
348 (b)

sound waves, apparent frequency ( v−v )=600( 330

300 )
v
n' =n =660 cps
S

(v + v m )f
f '=
Octave stands for an interval2 :1.
349 (c)
v + vb
Therefore octaves will have a frequency
Motorist Band Master ratio¿ 23=8 .
(Listener) (Source)
vm vb Wall
350 (c)

( )( )
2

For reflected sound waves.

a1 4
2
+1 +1
I max a 3 49
= 2
Frequency of sound wave reflected from
= =
I min a1 4 1
the wall
−1 −1
a2 3

'' v×f 351 (b)

f =

( ) (
v−v b
)
' v−v O 340−10
n =n =n =1950
Frequency of reflected waves as received
v + vS 340+10
by the moving motorist, ⇒ n=2068 Hz

Comparing the given equation with

352 (d)
' ( v + v m ) f ' ' (v +v m)f
standard equation
f= =
v v −v b

∴ Beat frequency ¿ f '' −f ' y=a sin 2 π ( Tt − xλ ) ⇒ T =0.04 sec ⇒ v = T1 =25 Hz

Also ( A )max =ω a=( ) ×a=(
0.04 )
(v+ v m )f (v+ v m )f 2 v b (v+ v m )f 2 2π
2
2π
¿ − = ×3
v−v b v + vb v 2−v 2b T
4 2
¿ 7.4 × 10 cm/sec

For closed pipe in general

345 (c)

In our case both source and observer are

353 (c)

moving, so perceived frequency

v 1
n= (2 N −1)⇒ n ∝
i.e. if length of air column decreases
4l l
v ( c−v o )
frequency increases
'
v=
( c−v s )
Where v o is the velocity of observer, v s is
the velocity of source and c is velocity of
346 (b)
For infrasonics, frequency n< 20 cm s−1
sound.
Given,

P a g e | 153
 Fundamental frequency of cylindrical
v o=−2 v , v s=−v 357 (a)

open tube
v ( c +2 v )
∴ v'=
( c +v )
v
n= =390 Hz
Given, When it is immersed in water it become a
354 (d) 2L

closed tube of length

(
y=5 sin 30 πt−
π
7 )
x +30 ° …(i)
of the initial length.
th

Now,
3

Therefore, its fundamental frequency is

4
y=a sin ( 2 πt 2 πx
− )
+ ϕ …(ii)
T λ
On comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii)
n' =
v v 2 v
= = ( )
2 πx πx
=
( )
3
4 L
4
3L 3 2L

λ 7 2
¿ ×390 Hz=260 Hz
⟹ λ=14 m
We know that relation between phase
3

difference and path difference

Time required for a point to move from
358 (a)

maximum displacement to zero

2π 2π
∆ ϕ= × ∆ x= × 3.5
displacement is
λ 14
π
⟹∆ϕ= T 1
2 t= =
4 4n

When O is a fixed end, the formation of

355 (a) 1 1
⇒ n= = =1.47 Hz
reflected pulse is equivalent to
4 t 4 × 0.170

overlapping of two inverted pulses

From Doppler’s effect, perceived
359 (b)
travelling in opposite direction as shown
in figure. frequency is

Here at t=3 s , net displacement of all

particles of the string will be zero iethe
'
v =v
( )
v −v o
v−v s

string will be straight as shown in figure.

72× 1000
−1 −1
v s=72 km h = =20 m s
60× 60
−1 '
3 cm v o=0 , v =332 ms , v =260 Hz
t=0

3 cm
260=v ( 332−20
332
)
260 ×312
⟹v= =244 Hz
332
t = 3s
360 (b)

Choice (a) is correct. From the relation, v m=

Where, p=pressure of the gas

√ γp
ρ

Ρ=density of the gas

Since, density of moist air is less than
If d is the distance between man and
356 (b)
that of dry air
reflecting surface of sound then for i.e.,
hearing echo
ρm < ρd
Therefore, v m> v d
330 ×1.5
2 d=v × t ⇒ d = =247.5 m
2 361 (a)

P a g e | 154
 Here, is dimensionless and unit of ct is
ct
Phase difference is 2 π means constrictive
same as that of x . Also unit of λ is same
λ
interference so resultant amplitude will
as that of A , which is also the unit of x be maximum

Y=2cos 2π(330 t-x) At nodes pressure change (strain) is

362 (a) 373 (a)

ω=2 π × 330 maximum

1
T= s
According to Laplace, the speed of sound
330 374 (d)

in gas is given by
Resonance occurs when amplitude is
363 (c)

maximumie , when the denominator of this

equation is minimum.
v=
√ γRT
,
Where γ is ratio of specific heats, M the
M

molecular
weight, R the gas constant and T the
Number of waves per minute ¿ 54
364 (d)

temperature,
∴ Number of waves per second ¿ 54 /60
Now v=nλ ⇒ n=
54
60
× 10=9 m/ s ∴
vo
vH
=
√
MH
Mo

√
v 1 1
365 (a) ∴ O= =
vH 16 4
v max=aω=3 × 10=30
∴ v O : v H =1 :4

Resultant amplitude
366 (c)
375 (a)
Here, u s=50 m s , v L =0 , v=350 ms
−1 −1

A R=2 A cos
θ
2 ()
=2 × ( 2a ) cos
θ
2 ()
=4 a cos
θ
2 () When source is moving towards observer,

Let the base frequency be n for closed

368 (b) '
v =1000

pipe then notes are n , 3 n ,5 n ….

∴ note 3 n=255⇒ n=85 ,note 5 n=85 ×5=425
' u×v
v=
note 7 n=7 ×85=595
u−us

( u−u s ) v '
369 (b) v=
−6
u
y 1=10 sin [100 t + ( x /50 ) +0.5]

[ ( ) ( )] x π (350−50)1000 6000
y 2=10−6 sin 100t + + ¿ = Hz
50 2 350 7
Phase difference ϕ When source is moving away from
¿ [ 100 t+ ( x /50 ) +1.57 ] −[100 t+ ( x /50 )+ 0.5] observer,
¿ 1.07 radians
' u×v
v=
In n is frequency of first fork, then
371 (d) u+ v s

frequency of the last (10th fork) ¿

350
×
6000
¿ n+ 4 ( 10−1 )=2 n (350+50) 7

∴ n=36∧2 n=72 ¿ 750 Hz

372 (a) 376 (d)

P a g e | 155
 Now, L1−L2=10 log
I max I mim
Frequency is decreasing (becomes half),
−10 log
it means source is going away from the
I0 I0

observe. In this case frequency observed I max

by the observer is
¿ 10 log =10 log 9
I min
'
n =n
( v +vv ) ⇒ n2 =n( v +vv )⇒ v =v
S S
S L1−L2=10 log 3 =20 log 3
2

For an organ pipe open at one end,

377 (a) 381 (c)

From n=
1
lD √ T
πρ
Frequency of 1st overtone n1=
3v
When radius of string is doubled,
4 l1
Diameter D becomes twice. As T ∧ρ are For the organ pipe open at both ends,
same,n becomes 1/2 , ie, n /2 .

Frequency of 3rd harmonic,n2 =

3v
2 l2

As n1=n2
378 (d)
Here, A1= A , A 2=A , ϕ=120 °
The amplitude of the resultant wave is
A R= √ A21 + A 22+2 A1 A 2 cos ϕ
3 v 3 v l1 2 1
¿ √ A 2 + A 2 +2 AA cos 120° ∴ = ∨ = =
4 l1 2 l2 l2 4 2
[
¿ √ A 2 + A 2− A 2 ∵ cos 120 ° =
−1
2 ]
∴ A R= A

After two seconds each wave travel a

382 (c)

According to the question frequencies of distance of 2.5 ×2=5 cmi . e . the two pulses
379 (c)

first and last tuning forks are 2 n and n will meet in mutually opposite phase and
respectively. hence the amplitude of resultant will be
Hence frequency is given arrangement zero.
are as follows

383 (b)
2
I 1 a1 I 1 25 1
= ⇒ = =
I 2 a22 I 2 100 4

⇒ 2 n−24 ×3=n ⇒ n=72 Hz

So, frequency of 21st tuning fork Frequency
384 (a)

(√ mT )
n21=( 2 ×72−20 ×3 )=84 Hz
1
v=
380 (c) 2l
I 1 4 a2 a 2
= = ∴ =
I 2 1 b2 b 1
3 1
∴v+ =
2 2l (√ 100
101 T
m)

2l √ ( m )
1 T
I max ( a+b )2 ( 2+1 )2 ¿ 1.005 ×
∴ = = =9
I min ( a−b )2 ( 2−1 )2

P a g e | 156
 ⟹v+1.5=1.005v
⟹v=300 Hz
v 2=v o ( v−vv )=1000 ( 330−10.2
s
330
)
385 (c) 1000× 330
¿ ≈ 1032 Hz
Reverberation time, T =
0.61V 319.8
aS
A pulse of a wave train when travels
389 (c)
T1 V 1
⇒ =
T2 V 2 ( )( ) ( )( )
S2
S1
=
V
8V
4S 1
S
=
2 along a stretched string and reaches the
fixed end of the string, then it will be
reflected back to the same medium and
⇒ T 2=2 T 1 =2× 1=2 sec .[∵ T 1=1 sec]

386 (b) the reflected ray suffers a phase change

of π with the incident wave but wave
As
v 3v
velocity after reflection does not change.
=
4 l 1 2l 2

Given, y(x,t)=0.005 cos (ax-βt)

390 (a)

l1 2 1 2 π a∧2 π
∴ = = = =β
l 2 12 6
So,
λ T

It is known that Doppler’s effect depends

387 (d)
2π 2π
a= =25 π ∧β= =π
on velocity not on distance. When the
0.08 2
source is approaching the stationary
observer, the apparent frequency heard Length of air column in resonance is odd
391 (a)

by the observer is integer multiple of

λ
' v ×n
And prongs of tuning fork are kept in a
n= =constant 4
v−v s
vertical plane.
But n' >n .

When the source has crossed the

392 (b)

observer, apparent frequency heard by As p √ T =constant ∴

2
T 2 p1 4 2
the observer is
= =
T 1 p22 62

'' v×n 16 16
n = =another constant T 2= T 1= ×65=29
v + vs 36 36

But n' ' <n.option (d)is correct. ∴ Weight to be removed ¿ 65−29=36 g

The amplitude of a plane progressive

393 (c)

wave=a , that of a cylindrical progressive

Sound geard directly
388 (b)
wave is a / √ r .

( v−vv )
v 1=v o
s
The average power per unit area that is
394 (a)

∴ 970=1000 ( incident perpendicular to the direction of

330+v )
330
propagation is called the intensity, i.e.,
Or v s=10.2 m s
s
−1
P
The frequency of reflected sound is given
I= 2

by Or
4πr

P a g e | 157
 √
I T
I∝ 2 v=
Or
r
Or
m

( ) v ∝ √T
2

Or
I2 r2
=
I2 r1
Here, r 1=2 m , r 2=3 m

∴ =
I2 2
=()
I1 3 2 9
4
v2
v1
Or
T
= 2
T1 √
2
2 v2
T− = 2
Wavelength of closed organ pipe is
395 (a) T1 v1
Or
4L
λ= T 2−T 1 v 2−v 1
2 2
( 2n−1 )
Putting n=1,2,3,….. we find that
= 2
T1 v1
4L 4L Initially, T 1=120 N ,
λ 1=4 L , , ,… .
So frequency of vibration corresponding
3 5 v 1=150 m s
−1

to modes
20
v 2=v 1 + v
n=1,2,3…is
100 1
v1 6 v1
v v ¿ v1 + =
v 1= = =v 5 5
λ1 4 L 1
6 −1
v v 3v ¿ × 150=180 m s
So, from eq. (i), we get
v 2= = = =3 v 1 5
λ 2 4 L/3 4 L
v v 5v T 2−T 1 (180 )2−( 150 )2
v 2= = = =5 v 1 =
λ 3 4 L/5 4 L T1 2
( 150 )
∴ v 1 L v 2 : v 3 … .=1:3 :5 :… .
So, only odd harmonics are present.
30× 330
¿ =0.44
Hence, % increases in tension
150× 150

The standard equation of wave is

396 (c) ¿
(
T 2−T 1
T1 )
× 100=0.44 ×100=44 %

Y=a sin (ωt-kx)

Where a is amplitude, ω the angular 400 (c)
velocity and x the displacement at instant ∆n ∆T
t.
n ∝ √T ⇒ =
If tension increases by 2%, then
n 2T
Given equation is
Y=0.1sin (100πt-kx) frequency must increases by 1%.
Comparing Eq. (i) with Eq. (ii), we get If initial frequency n1=n then final
ω 100 π −1 frequency n2 −n1=5
∴ Wave number= = =π m
v 100 101
⇒ n−n=5⇒ n=500 Hz
Short trick : If you can remember then
100

The velocity of wave

397 (a)
apply following formula to solve such type
ω(Co−efficient of t ) 10 of problems.
Initial frequency of each wire (n)
v= = =10 m/s
k (Co−efficient of x ) 1
(Number of beats heard per sec) ×200
Speed of wave on a string
398 (a) ¿
( per centage change ∈tension of the wire)

P a g e | 158
 Here n=
5 × 200
For a closed pipe, 1st resonance occurs at
=500 Hz
2
λ
L1= =50 cm
v=165 Hz , and
401 (c)
2nd resonance occurs at
4

'
v=
335+5 335
335
×
330
×165=170 Hz L2 =
3λ
4
=3
λ
4 ()
=3 ×50 cm=150 cm

∴ Number of beats s−1 409 (a)

l 2=3 l 1=3 ×24.7=74.1 cm
'
¿ v −v=170−165=5
410 (b)
Here , A1= A 2= A ; n1=ω1 , n2=ω 2
2 d=v × t , where v=¿ velocity of sound
402 (d)

¿ 332 m/s ∴ y 1= A sin 2 π ω 1 t , y 2= A sin 2 π ω2 t

t=¿ Persistence of hearing ¿ sec

1
10 y= y 1+ y 2
1
332 × cos 2 π (ω2−ω 1)t 2 π (ω 2+ ω1)t
v×t 10 ¿2 A sin
⇒ d= = =16.6 m 2 2
2 2
'
403 (c) ¿ A sin π (ω2−ω1 )t

Where A =2 A cosπ (ω 2−ω1 )t

2
I 1 a1 0.06 2 4
= =
I 2 a22 0.03
= ( )
1
'

Sound heard will be of max- intensity

404 (a) 2
(¿ 2 A )
v sound ∝
1 v
√ √
ρ
√ ρ v 2 ρ1 1
4 v v
⇒ 1 = 2 = =2⇒ v 2= 1 = s
2 2 When cos π ( ω 2−ω 1) t=max=± 1

In the same phase ϕ=0 so resultant

405 (a) π ( ω2 −ω1 ) t=0 , π , 2 π ,

amplitude¿ a 1+ a2=2 A + A=3 A t=0 ,

1
;
2
;………… ……
ω2−ω1 ω2−ω1

Time interval between two successive

406 (c)

maxima
' vn '' vn
n= ,n =
v−v s v +v s
1 2 −3
¿ = =10 s
ω2−ω1 10 3
n vs n vs
∴ ' =1− , ' ' =1+
n v n v

Adding the two, we get

The frequency of reflected sound heard
411 (a)

n n 2n n
' ''
by the girl,
+ ' ' =2∴ n= ' ''

[ ] [ ]
v−( v o )
'
n n n +n ' v + vo
n =n =n
v −v s v−v s
407 (c)
1
n= =
1
λ 6000× 10−10
6 −1
=1.66 ×10 m ¿ 480
[ 340+ 20
340−20 ]
=540 Hz

408 (a) 412 (d)

P a g e | 159
 This is the equation of straight line with
Doppler’s effect is applicable for both
positive intercept n and positive slope ( nv )
light and sound waves

To produce 5 beats/ sec frequency of one

413 (b) 419 (a)

wire should be increased up to 505 Hz . i. e .

n1 l 2 51
= =
increment of 1% in basic frequency.
n2 l 1 50

n1−n2=5. On solving, we get

n ∝ √ T or T ∝ n ⇒
2 ∆T ∆n
=2
⇒ percentage change in Tension =
T n
n2 =250 , n1=255
2 ( 1 % )=2%
Given equation of stationary wave is
420 (b)

y=sin2 πx cos 2 πt , comparing it with

414 (a)

√ ( ) standard equation
n2 101 1 12 1
= = 1+ =1+
n1 100 100 200
2 πx 2 πx
y=2 A sin cos
n1 λ λ
We have
n2 =n1 + 2 πx
200 =2 πx ⇒ λ=1 m
Minimum distance of string (first mode)
λ
Number of beats s =n2−n 1=
−1 n1 200
= =1
200 200 λ 1
Lmin = = m
2 2

421 (d)
Particle velocity ( v p )=−v × Slope of the
On getting reflected from a rigid
415 (b)

graph at that point

boundary the wave suffers
At point 1 : Slope of the curve is positive,
Hence if y incident = A sin ( ωt=kx )
hence particle velocity is negative or
Then y reflected =( 0.8 A ) sin [ ωt−k (−x )+ π ] downward ( ↓ )
¿−0.8 A sin(ωt + kx) an additional phase At point 2 : Slope negative, hence particle
change of π velocity is positive or upwards (↑)
At point 3 : Again slope of the curve is
Maximum number of beats =v+1-(v-1)=2 positive, hence particle velocity is
416 (c)

negative or downward (↓)

417 (c)
Number of beats per second= n1 n2
Equation of wave y=0.2 sin (1.5x+60t)
422 (b)

Comparing with standard equation

ω 1=200 π =2 π v 1

y=A sin (kx+ωt)

⟹ n1=1000
And ω 2=2008 π =2 π n 2 k=1.5, ω=60
⟹ n2=1004
Number of beats heard per second
ω 60 −1
∴ velocity of wave v = = =40 m s
=1004-1000=4 Velocity of wave on a stretched string
k 1.5

For observer approaching a stationary

418 (b) v=
√ T

Where m-linear density

m
source
T= tension in the string
. n and given v 0=at ⇒ n = ( ) So, T =v 2 m
' v+ v 0 ' an
n= t+n
v v

P a g e | 160
 2 −4 2
¿ ( 40 ) ×3 × 10 =0.48 T 1 p2
∴ =
T 2 p21
Or
423 (c)

Path difference ∆=
λ λ π λ
× ϕ= × = ( 50+15 ) ( 6 )2
2π 2π 3 6 = 2
T2 (4 )
Or
As the two waves have different
424 (c)

amplitude therefore they having different

65 36
=
intensity. While quality depends on shape
T 2 16

of waveform. Frequencies will be

65 ×16
∴ T2= =26 g
different because wave have different
So, weight removed from the pan
36
wavelength in same medium
=65-29
=36 g
For string fixed at both the ends, =0.036 kg-wt
425 (a)

resonant frequency are given by

When engine approaches towards

427 (c)
nv
v=
observer
Where symbols have their meaning. It is
2L

given that 315 Hz and 420 Hz are two

consecutive resonant frequency, let these
n =n
'
( v
v−v S )
nth and (n+1)th harmonics. When engine going away from observer
nv n = left ({v} over {v+ {v} rsub {S}} right )
315= … (i)
2L ∴
( n+1 ) v n} = {v+ {v} rsub {S}} over {v- {v} rsub {S}} ⇒ {5}
420= … (ii )
⟹Eq.(i)÷Eq.(ii)
2L
Let one mole of each gas has same
428 (b)

volumes as V. when they are mixed, then

315 n
density of mixture is
⟹ = ⟹ n=3
From Eq. (i), lowest resonant frequency
450 n+1
mass of O2 +mass of H 2
v 315 ρmixture =
v 0= = =105 Hz volume of O2 + volume of H 2
2L 3
32+ 2
¿
V +V
The transverse vibrations of a string are
426 (c)

determined by Melde’s method.

34 17
¿ =

The frequency of vibration of a string of

2V V
Also,
length l, mass per unit length m and
2
ρH =
vibration in p loops under tension T is
2
V

Now, velocity v= ( )
given by
1 /2
γp
ρ
Or
n=
Or
p T
2l m √ v∝
1
√ρ
p √ T =¿constant
If n, l and m are constant
Hence,
∴
v mixture
VH 2
=
√( ρH 2

ρmixture )
T∝
1
p
2 ¿ (√ 172//vv )= √( 172 )
429 (d)
P a g e | 161
 10 π
If d is the distance of rock from SONAR
∴v= =5 Hz
2π
then ∴ velocity v= λv=22 cm s
−1

v × t 1600 ×1
2 d=vt ⇒ d= = =800 m
As the wire is forced to have a frequency
2 2 434 (b)

¿ 512=2 ×256=2 n ,therefore,it must vibrate

Frequency of vibration in tight string
430 (d)
in two segments.

n=
√
p T
⇒ n ∝√T ⇒
⇒ Number of beats
2l m
∆ n ∆T 1
n
= = × ( 4 % )=2 % 435 (a)
2T 2
Intensity ∝ ( Amplitude )
2

2 2
The doppler’s wavelength shift is given by
¿ ∆ n= × n= ×100=2 436 (d)
100 100

431 (b) ∆λ v
=
Where, v is velocity and c is speed of
λ c
√ √
p1 T p T
n= = 2
light.
l D1 πρ l D2 πρ

p1 p2 Given,
∴ = Δλ −1
D1 D2 8
=0.014 % ,c =3× 10 m s
λ
p 1 D1 2 ( r ) 1 ∆λ 0.014 8
= = = ⟹v= × c= ×3 ×10
p 2 D2 2 ( 2 r ) 2 λ 100
4 −1
¿ 4.2 ×10 m s

Frequency of vibration is given by

432 (a) 437 (d)
γP ; as P also changes, ρ also changes.
v=
p T
√(
where v=
T
√)
v=
ρ √
Hence remains constant so speed
2l m m P

remains constant
p 5 × 20 ρ
∴ v = v= =5 Hz
2l 2× 10

Let the distance between the two cliffs be

438 (c)
The progressive wave givesn is
433 (b)

d. since, the man is standing midway

( ) between the two cliffs, then the distance
5
y=0.1sin 10 πt− πx
of man from either end is d/2
11
Comparing it with general equation of
progressive wave The distance travelled by sound (in
Y=a sin (ωt-kx) producing an echo)
We get d
2 × =v ×t
5π 2
k= ⟹ d=340 ×1=340 m
Or
11

The time taken by the particle to come to

439 (b)
2π 5π
mean position from the through=
=
λ 11
22 T
⟹ λ= =4.4 cm
Moreover, ωt=10πt
5 4

Or 2πvt=10πt

P a g e | 162
 Crest pipe

According the concept of sound image

446 (c)

O v+ v person
T/ 4 T/ 2 T ' 345+5
n= .272= ×272=280 Hz
v−v person 345−5
Trough ∆ n=¿ Number of beats ¿ 280−272=8 Hz
3T/ 4

Accordingly
447 (d)

For sonometer
440 (b)
v
1 v 1= … (i)
And
v∝ 2l
l
v 1 l2 256 16 v v
∴ = ⟹ = v 2= = … (ii)
v 2 l1 v 2 25
Hence,
4 l/4 l
256 × 25
v 2= =400 Hz
16 v1 1
=
v2 2
Frequency
441 (b)
448 (a)

Since ϕ=
v v π
n= = ⇒ A=√ a1 + a2=√ ( 4 ) + ( 3 ) =5
2 2 2 2
λ 2ι 2
−1
∴ v =n ( 2ι )=330 × 2=660 m s

Let intensity of sound be I and I’.

449 (d)

Loudness of sound initially

443 (d)

( ) =6.25 N
2
2π

( II )
2
2 ω 0.004
T =μ v =μ =0.04 β 1=10 log
( 0.50 )
2 2
k 2π
Later,
0

( )
'
I
The position f such a wave changes in two
444 (b) β 2=10 log
I0
dimensional plane with time. Therefore, Given, β 2−β 1=20
(b) represents the correct equation.
()
'
I
∴ 20=log
I
In closed organ pipe. First resonance
445 (c) '
I =100 I
occurs at λ /4.
So, in fundamental mode of vibration of We know that at night amount of carbon
450 (a)

organ pipe dioxide in atmosphere increases which

λ raises the density of atmosphere. Since
intensity is directly proportional to
=(l+0.3 d )
Where 0.3 d is necessary end correction
4
density, intensity of sound is more at
Frequency of vibration n= =
v v night
λ 4 (l+ 0.3 d)
As l is same, wider pipe A will resonate at 452 (c)
a lower frequency, i .e . ,n A <n B Fundamental frequency
Note :The value of end correction θ is 0.6 r
for closed organ pipe and 1.2 r for an open
v 330
n= = =660 Hz
organ pipe, where r is the radius of the
2 l 2× 0.25

P a g e | 163
Frequency of overtones are
2 n , 3 n , 4 n , … .=1320,1980,2640 Hz .
453 (c)
2 2
1 I 2 r1 I2 2 4
I∝ 2⇒ = 2⇒ −2
= 2
=
r I 1 r 2 1 ×10 10 100
−2
4 × 10 −4 2
⇒ I 2= =4 ×10 μ W /m
100

454 (b)

At t=0 and x= . The displacement

π
2k

(
y=a0 sin ω x 0 −k ×
π
2x ) π
=−a 0 sin =−a0
2
from graph. Point of maximum
displacement (a 0) in negative direction is
Q

455 (a)
v=nλ=2× 5=10 cm /sec

If a rod champed at middle, then it

456 (a)

vibrates with similar fashion as open

organ pipe vibrates as shown.
A

A A
l N

Hence, fundamental frequency of

A

vibrating rod is given by

v v
n1 = ⇒ 2.53= ⇒ v =5.06 km/sec
2l 2 ×1

The standard equation of wave is given by

457 (a)

Y=a sin (kx-ωt) …….(i)

Where a is amplitude, k the wave
constant and ω the angular velocity.
Given wave equation is
y=0.07 sin ( 12 πx−3000 πt ) ……(ii)
Comparing Eqs. (i) with (ii), we get
A=0.07, k=12π
2π
∴k= =12 π
λ
1
⟹ λ= m
Also, ω=3000π=2πv
6

∴ v=1500
Hence, velocity

P a g e | 164
(v)=frequency(v)×wavelength ( λ ) 458 (c)
1 −1 v 340
v=1500 × =250 m s λ= = =1.7 m
6 n 200

P a g e | 165
 T=tension in the rope at a distance x
Distance between the successive nodes, from the lower end
459 (a)

T=( mg ) x=weight of x meter of rope

λ
d= ∴
2
v
As v=
√ √
¿ T mgx
2f ∴ v= =√ gx
m m
¿√
T/μ

Substituting the value we get

2f ie v ∝ √ x

D=5cm 464 (d)

Using λ=2 ( l 2−l 1 ) ⇒ v=2 n (l 2−l 1)
460 (b)
⇒ 2 ×512 ( 63.2−30.7 )=33280 cm/ s
Actual speed of sound
n1 l 2 25 5
= = =
n2 l 1 30 6
v 0=332 m/s−33200 cm/s
n2 −n1=4 ,On solving, we get n2 =24 Hz , Hence error ¿ 33280−33200=80 cm/ sec

n1=20 Hz .
Compare the given equation with the
465 (d)

standard form
For closed pipe
461 (a)

v 3v
l 1= ; l 2= ⇒ v=2 n(l 2−l 1)
4n 4n
⇒ n=
v
=
330
2(l 2−l 1) 2×(0.49−0.16)
=500 Hz
y=r sin
[ 2 πt 2 πx
T
+
λ ]
2π 2π
=10 , =1
The apparent frequency heard by the
462 (d) T λ

stationary observer is λ 10 −1
v= = =10 m s
( v −vv ) …(i)
' T 1
v =v 0

where,
s

We know l ∝ √ T
466 (d)

v 0=¿ frequency of source

v=¿ velocity of sound
v s=¿ velocity of source
∴
ι air
ι water
=
√ T air
T water
But specific gravity 8=
According to problem
T air
' 50
v =v 0 + v T air −T water
100 0
3 7
'
v = v0 ⟹ T water= T air
8
Substituting this value of v ' in (i), we get
2

√
l 8
∴ air =
l water 7
3
2
v 0=η v 0
v
(
v−v s ) But
3 v −3 v s =2 v ⇒ v=3 v s 1
l air = l ( Given )
v 330 −1 −1
√7
⇒ v s= = m s =110 m s 1
3 3 ∴ l water= l
√8
Let m=mass per unit length of rope
463 (b)

The distance between adjacent nodes

467 (d)

P a g e | 166
 Indian classical vocalists don’t like
λ 468 (d)
x=
harmonium because it uses tempered
2
Also k = . Hence x=
scale
2π π
λ k

P a g e | 167
 Given,
469 (d) v
v 0= … … .(i)
First overtone of a close pipe is
2l
v
v o=
5 v v
vc= = … … .. ( ii )
320
Equating Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
−1 4 l 4 ×2
⟹ vo = =64 m s
When observers moves towards the
5

stationary source, then

v v
= ⟹ l=4 m
2l 8
'
n= ( v +vv ) n
o

The resultant amplitude is given by

474 (a)

( 320+64
n' =
320 )
n A R= √ A2 + A 2+2 AA cos θ=√ 2 A2 (1+ cos θ)
¿ 2 A cos θ/2(∵ 1+cos θ=2 cos θ/2)
2

n =(
320 )
' 384
n

In a transverse wave the particle of the

475 (c)
'

medium vibrate about their mean position

n 384
=
Hence, percentage increases in a direction of wave propagation.
n 320

( )(
Y

)
'
n −n 384−320
= ×100 %
n 320

( )
64 90o Wave
¿ ×100 %=20 %
Particle

X
320

Velocity of source
470 (b)

−1
Here, the particle velocity is given by
dy /dt and wave velocity is given by dx /dt .
v s=rω=2 ×15=30 m s
The highest frequency heard by the
stationary listener Hence, the angle between particle
velocity in a transverse wave is
'
v =v
( v −vv ) π
or
s
2

v '=540 ( 330−30
330
)=594 Hz In the fundamental mode of vibration
477 (c)

λ
=( l+ 0.3 d )
In the fundamental mode.
472 (a)
Where 0.3d the necessary end correction.
4

frequency n=
v frequency of vibration,
λ v v
v v= =
λ 4 ( l+0.3 )
As 𝒍 is same for both pipes, wider pipe (A)
n=
4ι
will resonate at a lower frequency, i.e.,
n=
1
t ×4 ι
∵ v= (
1
t ) v A <v B .
1
n=
0.01× 4 478 (a)
n=25 ' v
n= n
v−v s cos 60°
Here,
Second overtone of open pipe of length 𝒍
473 (a)

v=340, v s=20 m/s, n=660Hz

is

P a g e | 168
 and odd harmonics, hence frequency of
pipe
' 340
n= × 660
1
340−20×
2 ¿ 200 ± 5
340 =195 Hz or 205 Hz.
Frequency of second harmonic of pipe
¿ ×660=680 Hz
330
=2v.
Now, the number of beats=10
Speed of sound in a stretched string
479 (a)
∴ 2 v=420 ±10=410 Hz∨430 Gz
∴v=205 Hz or 215Hz.
v=
T
√
… (i)
Where T is the tension and μ is mass per
μ A

|
unit length.
According to Hooke’s law, F ∝ x
T ∝ x … ( ii )
From Eqs. (i) and (ii)
v ∝ √x N /2
v = √ 1.5 v=1.22 v
'

No change in frequency
480 (d)

481 (c)

Here
A
λ
=5.0 cm ⇒ λ=10 cm |
2
When source is approaching the
486 (a)
Hence n= =
v 200
observer, the frequency heard
=20 Hz
λ 10

482 (c)

Beat period T =
1 1 1
n a=
( v
v−v S ) (
×n=
340
340−20 )
×1000=1063 Hz

When source is receding, the frequency

= = sec.
n1 n2 384−380 4
Hence minimum time interval between heard

maxima and minima t= = sec

T
2
1
8
nr = ( v +vv ) ×n= 340+20
S
340
×1000=944

⇒ n a : nr=9: 8
483 (b)
Short tricks :
na v + v S 340+20 9

( )( )
√√
2

√
I1 9
2 = = =
+1 +1 nr v−v S 340−20 8
I max I2 4 25
= = =

√ Let ∆ l be the end correction. Given that,

I min I1 9 1 487 (b)
−1 −2
Fundamental tone for a length 0.1m=first
√I2 4

overtone for the length 0.35m

Fundamental frequency is given by
484 (c)
v 3v
∴ =
4 ( 0.1+ ∆l ) 4 ( 0.35+∆ l )
v=
1 T
2l μ
Here l=l 1
√
⇒v∝
+l 2 + l
1
l
3
Solving this equations we get ∆ l
=0.025m=2.5 cm

So = + +
1 1 1 1
When the source is moving towards the
488 (c)
v v1 v2 v3
stationary observer.
Apparent frequency
Since, an open pipe produces both even
485 (b)

P a g e | 169
 n' =n
[ ]
v−0
v−v s v 352
λ= = ; during 1 vibration of fork
sound will
n 384
2 n=n
[ ]
340
340−v s
⟹ v s=170m/s travel m; during 36 vibration of fork
352

sound will
384
489 (a)
travel
Required distance ¿
λ v /n 1200 352
= = =1m × 36=33 m
4 4 4 × 300 384

494 (c)
Equation of given wave is
490 (c)

y=a cos ( kx −ωt ) ….. ( i )

∆ n=
[ v
−
v −u v +u
v 2 uv
n= 2 2 n
v −u ]
Let equation of other wave be 2 × 4 ×332
y=-a cos (kx+ωt) ………..(ii)
¿ ×300=7
( 332 )2−( 4 )2
And y=a cos (kx+ωt) ………(iii)
If Eq. (i) propagates with Eq. (ii), then
495 (a)

from the principle of superposition, we comparing it with the

have
y=10−5 sin 100 t−
[ x
10 ]
Eq.(i)+Eq.(ii) equation of wave motion
∴ y=a cos (kx-ωt)-a cos (kx+ωt)
Y= a [cos (kx-ωt)-a cos (kx+ωt)]
y=r sin
[ 2π
T
t−
2π
λ
x
]
Using
2π 2π π
A+ B B−A =100 , T = = s
cos A−cos B=2sin . sin , T 100 50
We get
2 2

Y=2a sin kx sin ωt ……………(iv)

2π 1
= , λ=20 π
Similarly when Eqs. (i) propagates with
λ 10

Eq. (iii), we get

velocity,
λ 20 π
Y=2a coskxcosωt
−1
v= = =100 m s
T π /50
After putting x=0 ,in Eq.(iv) and
(v),weget
Frequency
496 (a)

Y=o and y=2a cosωt

Hence Eq. (ii) is an equation of unknown
wave.
v=
1 T
2ι m √
⟹v ∝ √
T

No beat is heard, because frequency

491 (a) ι

received by listener directly from the [ ][ ]

2 2
T 2 v 2 ι2
=
source and that received on reflection
T 1 v 1 ι1
from the wall is same
[ ][ ]
2 2
300 2ι 9
¿ =
200 ι 1
256 ×330
¿ Hz
330−5 497 (b)

Beat frequency, v=
18
=6 Hz
Intensity
492 (a) 3
Let v 2 be the frequency of other source
∴ v 2=v 1 ± v=( 341 ±6 ) Hz=347 Hz or 335 Hz
Power 4 −6 2
¿ = =7.9 ×10 W /m
Area 4 π × ( 200 )2

498 (a)
493 (d)
P a g e | 170
 Equation of wave y=2 sin (kx-2t)
2
I max ( a1 +a 2 )
a 1=5 , a2=10 ⇒ = = (
5+10 2 9
= )
Comparing with standard equation
I min ( a1−a2 )2 5−10 1

Y=a sin (kx-ωt)

a=2, ω=2 Frequency detected by Indian submarine
504 (a)

∴Maximum particle velocity

v max ❑=aω=2 ×2 ×2=4 unit
'
n =n
( )(
v + vE
v−v I v−v E)
v + vI
=1.04 kHz

Fundamental frequency of wire

499 (a)

For the given super imposing waves

505 (c)

f=
Or
1
2π √ T
m a 1=3 , a2=4 and phase difference ϕ=
π
2
⇒ A=√ a1 +a 2+2 a 1 a 2 cos π /2=√ (3 ) + ( 4 ) =5
2 2 2 4
f ∝ √T
Or
Frequency
506 (b)
f2
f1
Or
T
= 2
T1√ n=
v
4l
∨l=
v
4v

√
T v 300
900 ∴ l 1= = =0.165 m ;
= 2 4 v 1 4 ×500
Or
450 9
3v
l 2= =3ι 1=0.495 m
T 2=4 × 9=36 kg−wt 4 v1
5v
l 3= =5ι 1=0.825 m
v=330 m/s ; n=165 Hz . Distance between
500 (b) 4 v1

two successive nodes

7v
¿ l4 = =7 l 1=1.155>1 m
4 v1
λ v
¿ = =
330
=1 m Therefore, number of resonance =3
2 2 n 2 ×165

The velocity of a transverse wave

507 (b)

For observer note of B will not change

501 (b)

due to zero relative motion.

Observed frequency of sound produced
v=
T
ρA√
by A
1
v∝
√A
Or
(330−30)
¿ 660 =600 Hz
∴ No. of beats ¿ 600−596=4
330
1
v∝
Because the velocity of wire depend on
R

the radius. So transverse wave travels

502 (c)

faster in thinner wire.

v
v 1=
(2nd harmonic of open pipe)
l

Here, n is odd and v 2> v 1 Path difference

508 (c)

It is possible when n=5

Because with n=5
λ λ π
∆= × ϕ ⇒ 1= × ⇒ λ=4 m
Hence v=nλ=120 ×4=480 m/s
2π 2π 2
v 2=
5 v
4 l ()
> v1
509 (d)
503 (b)

P a g e | 171
 ( ) ( ) Fundamental frequency of open pipe
v 400 510 (a)
n' =n =1200 =1600 Hz
v−v S 400−100
v 350
n1 = = =350 Hz
2 l 2 ×0.5

P a g e | 172
 Frequency of reflected sound heard by
511 (a)

the driver.
'
n =n
[ v−(−v o )
v −v s
=n
] [ ] [
v + vo
v−v s
=n
v + v car
v −v car ]
¿ 600
[ 330+30
330−30 ]
=720 Hz

Hearing frequency of sound emitted by

siren 1
The distance between the nearest node
512 (c)

and antinode in a stationary wave is

λ n1=n ( v −vv )=330( 330−2
O
330 )
=328 Hz

Hearing frequency of sound emitted by

4

siren 2
/4
N
A A
n2 =n ( v +vv )=330( 330+2
O
330 )
=332 Hz

Hence, beat frequency

Comparing with standard wave equation
513 (d)
¿ n2−n1=332−328=4
( vt−x ) , we get, v =200 m/s
2π
y=a sin
∵ frequency is same in both the medium
λ 518 (d)

∴ λ ∝ speed
Number of beats per second,
514 (c)

519 (d)
n=
16 4
= ⇒ n=n1=
20 5
v 1 1
−
4 l1 l2 ( ) v=
' u×v
u−us
4 v 1
⇒ = −
1
= (0.01 v
5 4 1 1.01 4 × 1.01 ) ¿
330× 500
=550 Hz
16 × 101 −1 330−30
v= =323.2 ms
5
520 (d)
515 (a) 1 n2 l 1 l1 1 ×256
n ∝ ⇒ = ⇒n2= n1= =1024 Hz
v=
√ K
ρ
∴ K =v 2 ρ=2.86 × 1010 N /m3
l n1 l 2 l2 1/ 4

Probable frequencies of tuning fork be

521 (a)
516 (d)
Intensity ∝ a2 ω2 n+ 4 or n−4

Here = and Frequency of sonometer wire n ∝

() ()
aA 2 ωA 1 I A 2 2 1 2 1 1
= ⇒ = × = l
aB 1 ωB 2 I B 1 2 1
or 95 ( n+ 4 )=100(n−4 )
n+4 100
∴ =
Observer is moving away from siren 1
517 (b)
Or 95 n+380=100 n−400 or 5 n=780 or
n−4 95

and towards the siren 2. n=156

Z1 ∧Z 2, are displacements of two waves of

522 (a)

same frequency travelling in opposite

direction. They will form a stationary
wave.

523 (b)

P a g e | 173
 moving away from the frequency of B .
In the transmission of sound through air, This is possible only if n B=260 Hz .
there is no actual movement of air from Alternate method : It is given
the sound producing body to our ear. The n A =256 Hz , n B=? and x=4 bps
air layers only vibrate back and forth, and Also after loading A ( i . e . n A ↓ ) , beat
transfer the sound energy from one layer
frequency (i .e . x ¿increases ¿).
to the next layer till it reaches our ear.
Apply these informations in two
This back and forth motion causes the
possibilities to known the frequency of
compression and rarefaction in a sound
unknown tuning fork.
wave. This motion is along the direction
n A ↓−nB =x …(i)
of propagation of sound and hence, the
n B−n A ↓=x ↑ …(ii)
sound waves are longitudinal. Note that
the layers of air consist of molecules of It is obvious that equation (i) is wrong (ii)
gases. Note that the layers of air consist is correct so
of molecules of gases. So, when the air n B=n A + x=256+ 4=260 Hz
layers vibrate back and forth, we actually
mean that the molecules in air layers
526 (b)

vibrate back and forth by a small O

distance.
v
vO

Therefore, it simply means that air does

S

not have modulus of rigidity.

vS

( )
5
330−180 ×
( )
524 (b) ' v−v O 18
n =n =750 =625 Hz
n ∝ √ ⇒ l∝ √ T [ As n=constant ]
T v−v S 5
330+108 ×
l 18

⇒ l =1.3l 1=l 1 +30 % of l 1

l T
√ √
⇒ 2 = 2 =l 1
l1 T1
169
100 2 527 (b)

Suppose two tuning forks are named A

525 (c)
C rms= v
√ 3
γ
=330×
√3
1.4
=471.4 m s−1

and B with frequencies

528 (a)
n A =256 Hz ( known ) , n B=? (unknown), and
v v
n c= ,n =
beat frequency x=4 bps .
4l 0 2l
Known
Unknown As n 0−nc =2
nA nB
v v v
A
x bps A ∴ − =2∨ =8
2l 4l l
Frequency of unknown tuning fork may
be Now n 0=
' v v ' v v
= ∧nc = =
n B=256+ 4=260 Hz and n B=256−4=252 Hz
2 l/2 l 4 ( 2l ) 8 l

It is given that on sounding waxed fork A Number of beats s =n0−nc

−1 ' '

(fork of frequency 256 Hz ) and fork B ,

number of beats (beat frequency) v v 7v 7
increases. It means that with decrease in
¿ − = = ×8=7
l 8l 8l 8
frequency of A , the difference in new
frequency of A and the frequency of B has
The observer will hear two sounds, one
529 (d)

increased. This is possible only when the

directly from source and other from
frequency of A while decreasing is
reflected image of sound

P a g e | 174
 [ (
¿ a 2 sin ωt−kx+
ϕ
2 ) cos (
2 )]
−ϕ

¿ 2 a sin ( ωt−kx + ) cos

ϕ ϕ
2 2

¿ ( 2 a cos )sin ( ωt−kx + ) … ( iii )

ϕ ϕ
2 2
Comparing Eq. (iii) with (i) or (ii), we get
Hence number of beats heard per second ϕ ϕ 1
a=2 a cos ⟹ cos =
( ) ( )
v v 2 2 2
¿ n− n=0
v−v S v −v S ϕ π
⟹ cos =cos
2 3
530 (a) ϕ π
∴ cos =cos
From v=
√ γRT 2 3
M ϕ π
∴ =
2 3
∆v 1 ∆T 2π
= ¿ ϕ=
v 2 T 3
∆v
v
×100=
1 ∆T
2 T
× 100 ( ) Fundamental frequency of closed pipe
534 (c)

v
1 1 n= =220 Hz ⇒ v =220 × 4 l
¿ × × 100=0.167 % 4l
If of the pipe is filled water then
2 300 1
4
The fundamental frequency
531 (b)
remaining length of air column is
3l
4
v=
1 T
2L m√ Now fundamental frequency
¿
v
=
v
3l
( )
3 l

√ √
v '
T' 25 T 4
∴ = 4
and
= =5
v T T
Or v '=5 v
First overtone ¿ 3 × fundamental
532 (c) frequency

Here A=0.05 m,
5λ 3 v v 220 × 4 l
=0.25 ⇒ λ=0.1 m ¿ = = =880 Hz
3l l l
Now standard equation of wave
2

Equation of stationary wave is

535 (d)
2π
y= A sin ( vt−x )
λ
⇒ y =0.05 sin 2 π (3300 t−10 x) y 1=a sin kx cos ωt

And equation of progressive wave is

Let the equation of two waves are
533 (d)

y 1=a sin ( ωt−kx ) … ( i ) y 2=a sin ( ωt−kx )

And y 2=a sin ( ωt−kx + ϕ ) … ( ii )
When they superpose, the resultant wave
¿ a (sin ωt cos kx−cos ωt sin kx)

is
At
π 3π
x 1= ∧x 2=
y= y 1+ y 2 3k 2k
¿ a [ sin ( ωt −kx ) +sin ( ωt−kx+ ϕ ) ] sin k x 1∨sin k x 2is zero.

P a g e | 175
 ∴neither x 1 nor x 2 is node. I max ( a+b )2
=
I min ( a−b )2
where a , b are amplitudes of two waves
3π π 7π
∆ x=x 1−x 2= − =
2k 3k 6k
a+ b 5
⇒ = ⇒ a+b=5 a−5 b
As ∆ x= , therefore,
7π 2π π a−b 1
>∆ x >
a 3 I1 a
()
2 2
6k k k 3 9
⇒ = ∴ = 2= =
b 2 I2 b 2 4
But =λ , so, λ> ∆ x > .
2π λ
k 2
The quality of sound depends upon the
539 (a)

In case of a stationary wave, phase

number of harmonics present. Due to
difference between any two points is
different number of harmonics present in
either zero or π .
two sounds, the shape of the resultant
7π 7 wave is also different
∴ ϕ 1=π∧ϕ 2=k ∆ x=k = π
6k 6
Frequency of wave is
540 (b)
ϕ1 π 6
∴ = = 3600 v 760
ϕ2 7 7 n= Hz ⇒ λ= = =25.3 m
π 2 ×60 n 30
6
541 (d)

536 (a)
Using n Last −nFirst +(N −1) x
v He =460 ×
√ 25
21
× 8=1420 m/ s

As the source is moving perpendicular to

542 (b)
⇒ 2 n=n+ ( 16−1 ) × 8 ⇒ n=120 Hz

straight line joining the observer and

source, (as if moving along a circle),
537 (b)
When aeroplane is at P2 vertically above
the observer O, sound comes along P1 O apparent frequency is not affected n1=0.
at 60 ° with the vertical.
543 (c)
Velocity of sound in air ¿ 300 m s−1
Let v be the maximum value of source
velocity for which the person is able to
hear the sound, then

10000=f app = ( 300−v

300
)× 9500
−1
⟹ v =15 m s

∴ P1 O=v ×t , P1 P 2=v p t . 544 (c)

sin 60 °=
P1 P2 v p t v p
=
P1 O v ×t v
=
n ∝ √T ⇒
n1
n2
T
√
= 1⇒ =
n
T2 2 n
10
T2 √
⇒ T 2=40 N

545 (a)
∴ v p =v sin 60 °=v √ 3/2 v 340 ' 340 '
λ= = =2 m, n = ×170 ⇒ n =178.9 Hz
n 170 340−17
Now λ = =
538 (c)
v 340
Given :
'
I max =1.9
=25 n ' 178.9
I min '
⇒ λ−λ =2−1.9=0.1

546 (b)
P a g e | 176
 For closed pipe
v
n1= ⇒250=
v
⇒ v=200 m/s
2 v=v
[ ]
v−v
v−0
4l 4 × 0.2 ⟹ v o =−v
Negative sign indicates that observer is
moving opposite to the direction of
547 (a)

[ ] [ ] velocity of sound.
1 1 1 1
Δ n=v − =396 − =3.96 ≈ 4
λ1 λ2 0.99 1

Critical hearing frequency for a person is

550 (c)
548 (c)
Let n−1 ( ¿ 400 ) , n(¿ 401) and n+1(¿ 402) be
the frequencies of the three waves. If a be
20,000 Hz .
If a closed pipe vibration in N th mode then
the amplitude of each then
frequency of vibration
y 1=a sin2 π ( n−1 ) t , y 2=a sin 2 πnt and (2 N −1)v
y 3=a sin 2 π (n+ 1)t n= =( 2 N −1 ) n1
Resultant displacement due to all three
4l
(where n1=¿ fundamental frequency of
waves is vibration)
y= y 1+ y 2 + y 3 Hence 20,000=(2 N−1)×1500
¿ a sin 2 πnt +a [sin2 π ( n−1 ) t+ sin 2 π (n+ 1)t ] ⇒ N =7.1=7
¿ a sin 2 πnt +a [2 sin 2 πnt cos 2 πt ] Also, in closed pipe
¿ a [ 2 cos 2 πt +1 ] sin 2 πnt Number of over tones ¿ (No. of mode of
' '
¿ a sin 2 πnt witha =a[1+2 cos 2 πt ] vibration)−1
So, I ∝ ( a' ) ∝a 2 ( 1+2 cos 2 πt )2 ¿ 7−1=6
2

For I to be max or min

When listener is moving towards the
551 (c)
dI d
source then apparent frequency
2
=0 ⇒ (1+ 2cos 2 πt ) =0
dt dt
i .e . ,2 ( 1+2 cos πt ) ( 2 sin 2 πt ) ×2 π=0 'v+ v o
sin 2 πt=0∨1+2 cos 2 πt=0 v= ×v
v
So, if 1+2 cos 2 πt=0⇒ 2 πt=2 πn ± with
2π v+ 40
3 ⟹ 200= × v … (i)
Where, v=velocity of sound in air
v
n=0 , 1, 2 …
t= , , , … and for these value of t
1 2 4 5 V=actual frequency of sound source
3 3 3 3 Similarly, when listener is moving away,
, I =0 , i. e . , I is min and if Then
cos 2 πt=− () 1
2
1160=
v−40
× v … ( ii )
From Eqs. (i)and (ii), we have
sin 2 πt=0 v
1 3
2 πt=nπ ,n=0 , 1 ,2 , … ⇒ t=0 , , 1, , 2 …
2 2 200 v + 40
(I ) from equation (i)
=
160 v−40
2 2 2 2 5 v −200=4 v+160
i .e . , Intensity is max. (with two different
9a ,a ,9a ,a
−1
∴ v =360 m s
values)
i .e . , number of beats per sec is two
Frequency of unknown fork
552 (d)

¿ 256 ± 4=260∨252.
By using
549 (d)

As frequency decreases on loading,

therefore, original frequency of unknown
'
v =v
[ ]
v−v o
v −v s fork ¿ 260 Hz .

P a g e | 177
553 (c) v −v 2
Suppose n A =¿ known frequency
'
⟹ n =n
v +v s
¿ 100 Hz , nB =?
x=5 bps , which remains unchanged after
94 330−v o
⟹ n=n
loading
100 330

Unknown tuning fork is loaded so n B ↓

330 ×94
⟹ 330−v o=
100
Hence n A −n B ↓=x …(i) 94 × 33 33× 6 −1
…(ii)
⟹ v o =330− = ms
n B ↓−n A =x 10 10
From equation (i), it is clear that as n B
2 2
v −u 9× 33 ×33
decreases, beat frequency. (i .e . n A−( nB )new)
s= =
2a 100
can never be x again.
9 ×1089
¿ =98 m .
From equation (ii), as n B ↓ , beat frequency
100

[i. e . ( n B )new −n A ] decreases as long as ( n B )new 560 (b)

remains greater than n A . If ( n B )new becomes When one end is closed, n1=
100
=50 Hz
lesser than n A the beat frequency will
2

increase again and will be x . Hence this is n2 =3 n1=150 Hz , n3=5 n1 =250 Hz and so on.
correct.
So, n B=n A + x=100+5=105 Hz
Since wave
563 (a)

554 (a) Particle velocity

Particle velocity v p=−v ( slope of y−x graph ) dy
Here, v=+ve, as the wave is travelling in
v p= =slope of wave
dt
positive x-direction.
Slope at P is negative.

A

∴ Velocity of particle is in positive y (+ ^j )

direction.
B
555 (d)

(
I min a1 −a2 )
I max a 1+ a2 2 ( 5+3 )2 16
= =
( 5−3 )
2
=
1 At that point. As slope at A and B is zero.
Hence, the velocity at A and B will be
556 (a) same. Distance between A and B is
Number of beats 2 λ
Beat frequency= = =50 Hz 2
Time 0.04

Taken time by the wave to travel a

557 (a) 564 (c)

distance equal to one wavelength

v 330
λ= ; n ≈ 50,000 Hz , v =330 m/sec ⇒ λ= m
=0.14×4=0.565
n 50000

Frequency
−1 −1
¿ 6.6 ×10 cm≈ 5 ×10 cm

558 (d) I 1
f c= =

√
1 n' T' l 1 t 0.56
n ∝ √T ⇒ = × ' = √ 4 × =1⇒ n' =n 100
l n T l 2 f=
or
56
559 (b)
Motor cycle, u=0, a=2 m s−2 f =1.79 Hz
Observe is in motion and source is at rest
565 (b)

P a g e | 178
 Molecular weight of mixture Net displacement,

r =√ x 2 + y 2=√ 62 +3 2=√ 45

Also,
n 1 M 1+ n2 M 2 1× 4+ 2× 32 68 y 3 1
M mix = = = tanθ= = =
n1 + n2 1+2 3 x 6 2
−1
68 3 −1 θ=tan (1/2)
¿ ×10 kg mol
3

For helium C v = R
3
1
2

For oxygen C v = R
Distance between the consecutive node
5 567 (b)
2
2
λ
¿ ,
2
but λ= = so =
v 20 λ 10
n1 C v +n2 C v
( C v )mix = n +n 1 2
n n 2 n
1 2

Comparing the given equation with

568 (c)

standard equation
3R 5R
1× +2× 2π −2
2 2 13 R k= =π ×10 ⇒ λ=200 m
¿ = λ
And ω=2 πv =2 π ×10 6 ⇒ v=106 Hz
1+2 6

Change in amplitude does not produce

569 (a)
( C p )mix =( C v )mix + R
change in frequency,

¿
13 R
6
+ R=
19 R
6
( n=
1
√ )T
2l π r 2 ρ

570 (c)

Doppler’s effect, n =
√
V
( C p )mix 19 '
.n
y mix = = V −V S
( C v )mix 13
V
2 n= n
V −V S
v=
√ γ mix RT
M mix ⇒ 2 V −2 V S=V ⇒ V S =
V
2

√
340
19 8.31× 300 ∴ V S= =170 m/ s
¿ × =400.9 m s−1 2
13 68
×10−3
3 571 (a)

∆ n=n1 −n2 ⇒ 10=

v v v 1 1
− = −
2l 1 2l 2 2 l 1 l 2[ ]
Resultant displacement along X - axis is [ ]
566 (a) v 1 1
⇒ 10= − ⇒ v =255 m/s
2 0.25 0.255
x= y 1− y3 =8−2=6

Resultant displacement along Y - axis is

572 (d)

P a g e | 179
 ∴ 2 v=1 or v=0.5 m s−1
n1 =
2 T
√ =
2 T
2 l 1 m l 1 D1 πρ √ 576 (a)
Frequency of 2nd overtone of B Here, E=6 V /m ,c =3× 108 m s−1
E 6 V /m −8
B= = =2× 10 T
3 T
√ 2 T
√ C 3 ×10 m s
8 −1

E is along the y -direction and the plane

n2 = =
2 l 2 m l 2 D2 πρ
e .m . wave propagate along x -direction.
As n1=n2
Therefore, B should be in a direction
perpendicular to both x and y -axis. Using
vector algebra E × B should be along x -
∴
2
l1 D1
=
T
√=
3 T
πρ l 2 D 2 πρ √ direction. Since ( + ^j ) × ( + k^ ) =i^ , B is along
l1 D1 2 the z -direction.
Thus, magnetic field component B would
=
be 2 ×10−8 T along z -direction
l2 D2 3

l1 2 D2 2 l1
= = ; =1:3 577 (c)
Suppose I i∧I r are intensities of incident
l2 D2 3 l2

and reflected waves.

573 (b)
Reflection coefficient ¿
√ √ ( )
Ir μ−1
2
n2 T 81 9 =
= 2= = Ii μ+1
n1 T1 100 10

∴
(
n1−n2
n1
×100=10 %
) Where μ=
v 1 √ T /m1
=
v 2 √ T /m2 √ √
m
= 2=
m1
25 5
=
9 3

∴ Reflection coefficient ¿ ( )
2
574 (b) 5 /3−1 1
Here, v=500 Hz, v o−o
=
5 /3+1 16
−1 −1
v s=30 m s , v=330 m s
From , When source approaches the observer,
578 (d)

the apparent frequency heard by

'
v =v
( ) (
v −v o
v−v s
=500
300
330−30
=550 Hz ) observer is

v '=v ( v −vv ) …( i )
In a wave equation, x andt must be related
575 (a)
v s=¿speed of source of sound
s

in the form (x−vt). Therefore, we rewrite

During its recession, apparent frequency
the given equation as

1
v =v
''
( v +vv ) … ( ii)
Accordingly
s
y= 2
1+ ( x−vt )
2
For t=0 , it becomes y=
' ''
1 v =v = v ( given )
100
2
1+ x

And for t=2, it becomes

∴v
v
v−v s (
−v
v
) ( )
=
2
v + v s 100
v

Or

[ ]
1 1 v + v s−v + v s 2
y= = v =
[ 1+ ( x−2 v ) ]
2
1+ ( x−1 )
2
( v−v s ) v+ v s 100

P a g e | 180
 Or 480 ×2 ×1
¿ =2.3 ≈ 3
2v vs 2 330
=
( v −v s ) ( v +v s ) 100 A

|
|
Or
2 2
100 v v s=v −v s
But speed of sound in air v=300 m s−1
2 2
∴ 3000 v s =( 300 ) −v s
2
⟹ v s +30000 v s−90000 N /2
l
−30000± √ ( 30000 ) +4 ×90000
2
v=
2
30000 ± 30006 6 −1
¿− = =3 m s
(Taking +ve sign only)
2 2

Hence, this is the second overtone or

A

|
|
579 (c)
third harmonic.
√ ( )
2
T 2 v2 v
v ∝ √T ⇒ = ⇒ T 2=T 1 2
T 1 v1 v1

Comparing given equation with standard

584 (a)
⇒ T 2=273 × 4=1092 K
equation
Beat frequency =number of beats/s.
580 (c)
gives us
2 πx 2 πvt
y=2a sin cos
n=n2 ±n 1 λ λ
2π π
∴ n1=n2 ± n = ⇒ λ=30
Distance between nearest node and
λ 15

antinodes
581 (b)
ω 600 −2
v= = =300 m s λ 30
k 2 ¿ = =7.5
4 4
582 (c)

Open pipe resonance frequency f 1= Superposition of waves does not alter the
2v 586 (b)

frequency of resultant wave and resultant

2L
Closed pipe resonance frequency f 2= amplitude
nv
4L
f 2= f 1 (where n is odd add f 2> f 1) ∴ n=5
2 2 2 2 2
n ⇒ a =a + a +2 a cos ϕ=2 a (1+ cos ϕ )
4 ⇒ cos ϕ=−1/2=cos 2 π /3 ∴ ϕ=2 π /3

For an open pipe of length l, the The blast is blown at an interval of 1 s , so

583 (c) 587 (c)

frequency v is given by frequency ¿ 1 Hz

' v Frequency heard by the observer
v=v .
v v v 20
Where v is velocity of sound, v’ the
2l '
n= . n= × 1= = Hz
v−v s v 19 v 19
overtone.
v−
Therefore, observed time interval
20 20
Given, v=450 Hz, 𝒍=1m,
v=330 m s
−1 between two successive blasts
v (2 l) 1 19
v '= ¿ = s
v 20/19 20

588 (c)

P a g e | 181
 2 2 2
I =2 π a n vρ ⇒ I ∝a n
2 2
Separation between two adjacent nodes
λ
( ) ( ) () ( )
a 2 n 2 1 2 2
I 1 ¿ =1.5 cm
⇒ 1= 1 × 1 = × 2
I 2 a2 n2 2 1/ 4
I1 594 (b)
As n1 :n2 :n3=1 :2 :3
⇒ I 2=
4

589 (c)
After filling frequency increases, so n A
1 1 1
∴ l 1 :l 2 :l 3 = : : =6 :3 :2
1 2 3
increases ( ↑ ) . Also it is given that beat
Sum of the ratio ¿ 6+3+ 2=11
frequency increases (i .e . , x ↑)
Hence n A ↑−nB =x ↑ → Correct …(i)
n B−n A ↑=x ↑ → Wrong …(ii)
110 110
∴ l 1= × 6=60 cm, l 2= × 3=30 cm
11 11

∴ wedges should be placed from A at

⇒ n A=nB + x=512+5=517 Hz

590 (b) 60cm and 90cm.

2
y=4 cos (t / 2) sin(1000 t) 595 (a)
n x =300 Hz , n y =?
x=¿ beat frequency ¿ 4 Hz , which is
¿ 2 [ 2 cos2 (t /2)sin(1000 t ) ]

¿ 2 [ (1 cos t)sin(1000 t ) ] decreasing (4 →2) after increasing the

tension of the string y .
¿ 2 sin 1000t +2 sin 1000 t cos t Also tension of wire y increasing so
n y ↑(∵ n ∝ √ T )
Hence n x −n y ↑=x ↓→ Correct
y=2sin 1000 t+ sin ¿ ¿

∴ The given wave represents the super

position of three waves.
n y ↑−nx =x ↓→ Wrong
⇒ n y =n x −x=300−4=296 Hz
591 (d)
Wave number is the reciprocal of
596 (b)

√ ( )( ) ( )
2
l2 2
⇒n ∝ √ ⇒ 2 = 2
1 T T T n 3 2 9
n= =( 2 ) 2 =
wavelength and is written as n=
2l m l T 1 n1 l1 4 4 1
λ
592 (a)

and n2 = =
v v v v 597 (d)

If front of locomotive, λ =
n1 = =
λ 1 0.50 λ 2 0.51 ' λ (v −v s) v−v s
=

[ ]
1 1 v n
Δ n=n 1−n2=v − =12 345−30 315
0.50 0.51 ∴λ=
'
= =0.63 m
12× 0.51× 0.50 500 500

Behind locomotive, λ = ( v + v s )=
⇒ v= =306 m/ s λ v+ v s
0.01 ''
v n

Compare the given equation with the

593 (b) '' 345+30 375
∴λ = = =0.75 m
standard form of stationary wave
500 500

equation
When source is moving towards observer.
599 (c)

,
2 πx 2 πvt
y=2r sin cos vn
λ λ '
n=
v+ v s
We get
When source is moving away from
2 πx 2 πvt
= ∴ λ=3 cm
λ 3

P a g e | 182
 observer ¿
v
'' vn v s=
n = 3
v−v s

Let the frequency of standard fork ¿ x

603 (a)

Now, n −n =vn
' ''
[ v + v s−v +v s
v −v
2 2
s
] =
(2 v s )vn
2
v −v s
2

∴ nA=
102
x ,n B=
97
x
When
2 v sn 100 100

Number of beats s =n A −nB =6

' ''
v ≫ v s ,n −n =
v −1

Now
'
n −n
''
2 2 vs 2 vs
= = = 102 97
n 100 v 300 x− x=6
100 100
−1
∴ v s=3 m s 6 ×100
x= =120 Hz
5

From Doppler’s effect, the perceived

600 (c)

frequency (v’) is given by We knows

604 (d)

( ) √
' v −v o γp
v= v c=
v−v s ρ
Where v o is velocity of observer, v s of
()
1/ 2
p
source, v of sound and v the original
c=
ρ
frequency.
Given, v o=0 (stationary), v=300 m s−1
SONAR emits ultrasonic waves
605 (b)
−1
v s=200 m s , v=400 Hz

If the frequency of fork v, then speed of

' 300 × 400 606 (b)
∴v =
sound is given by
300−200
300× 400
¿ v=2 v ( l 2−l 1 )
100
'
Wherel 1andl 2are length of air columns.
Given, v=500 cycles/s,
⟹ v =1200 Hz

Let v be the actual frequency of sound of

601 (c) −2
l 2=52 cm=52 ×10 m
horn.
−2
l 1=17 cm=17 × 10 m
If v sbe the velocity of car, then frequency
−2
∴ v =2× 500 (52−17 ) ×10
of sound striking the cliff
−1
⟹ v =350 m s
' v×v
v= … (i)
If the speed of engine is v , the distance
v−v s 607 (c)

The frequency of sound heard on

traveled by engine in 5 sec will be 5 v , and
reflection
hence the distance traveled by sound in
( v + v ) v ' ( v+ v s ) v ×n reaching the hill and coming back to the
moving driver¿ 900+ ( 900−5 v )=1800−5 v
''
v = = ×
v v ( v −v s )
Or So the time interval between original
v+ v s sound and it’s echo
''
v
= =2
v v −v s (1800−5 v )
t= =5 ⇒ v=30 m/ s
v+ v s =2 v−2 v s 330
∴ 3 v s =v
608 (d)

P a g e | 183
 get
If the length of the wire between the two ∆ v ∆ l 1 ∆T 1 ∆ m
bridges is 𝒍, then the frequency of
= + +
v l 2 T 2 m
vibration is ∆v ∆l
∴ = +1+1=1 %

√ √ Hence, frequency will increase by 1%

1 T 1 T v l
n= =
2 ι m 2ι π r 2 d
If the length and diameter
Interference, diffraction and reflection
612 (d)

( ¿
radius
2 ) occurs in both transverse and
Of the wire are doubled keeping the longitudinal waves. Polarisation occurs
tension same, the new fundamental only in transverse waves
frequency will be

When pulse is reflected from a rigid

n 613 (d)

support, the pulse is inverted both

4

609 (a) lengthwise and sidewise

λ
( i ) Here , =l⟹ λ=2 l
As is clear from figure
2 614 (d)

So, v 1=
v 2nd overtone
2l l= 1 /4

( ii )∧λ l
= 1st overtone
4 2 l =5 3 /4
4λ
λ= =2l
2
l =3 3 /4
v
∴ v 2= , the same
2l λ1
∴ ( original ) isthe frequency , l= , λ =4 l
4 2

3 λ2 4l
l= , λ 2=
4 3

610 (d)
y 1=a sin(ωt−kx) 5 λ3 4l
l= , λ 3=
and y 2=a cos(ωt−kx )=a sin ωt−kx+
4 5
( π
2 )
Hence phase difference between these
1 1
∴ λ1 : λ2 : λ3 =1: :
3 5
two is
π

The motorcyclist observes no beats. So

2 615 (b)

the apparent frequency observed by him

The frequency of sonometer wire is
611 (c)
from the two sources must be equal.
v=
1 T
√
Taking logarithm and differentiating, we
2l m ∴ 176 ( 330−22
330−v
)=165( 330+
330 )
v

P a g e | 184
Solving this equation we get,
Compare the given equation with
616 (a)
−1
v=22 m s
y=a sin(ωt + kx)
We get ω=2 πn=100 ⇒ n=
50
Hz
π

P a g e | 185
617 (b) v 1=f 1 λ∧v 2=f 2 λ
∵ y=a cos ( 2λπ vt + 2 πxλ )=0.5 cos(4 πt+2 πx) ∴
v1 f 1
= =√ n
v2 f 2

If two of nearly equal frequency

618 (c)

On comparing the given equation with

620 (b)
superpose, they give beats if they both
travel in straight line and I min =0 if they standard equation
have equal amplitudes y=2a sin
2 πx
cos
2 πvt 2 πx πx
⇒ = ⇒ λ=6
Separation between two adjacent nodes
λ λ λ 3

Velocity of longitudinal waves,

619 (c)
λ
¿ =3 cm
2
v 1=
√ Y
ρ
Reduction in intensity after passing
621 (b)

Velocity of transverse waves through first slab is 90 /100

Of I=0.9I
After second slab, intensity
v 2=
√ T
m
=90% of (0.9I)
Ifa is area of cross-section of string, then =81% of I
=0.81I
After third slab, intensity =90% of (0.81I)
=72.9% of I
∴ reduction in intensity =27.1%
mass mass
m= = × area=ρa
length volume

At given temperature and pressure

622 (c)
v 2=
T
√
√ √
ρa
1 v ρ 4
v∝ ⇒ 1 = 2 = =2 :1

√ √
v1 Y ρa Ya √ρ 2v ρ 1 1
= . =
v2 ρ T T
As source and observer both are moving
623 (d)

As in the same direction with the same

F T
Y= =
velocity, their relative velocity is zero.
a ∆ l a(∆ l/l)

Therefore,n' =n=200 Hz
l

√( ) ( )
−1 /2
v1 T a ∆l
The relation between velocity, frequency
∴ = =¿ ¿ 624 (c)
v2 ∆l T l
and wavelength is
a
l

We are given,
v
∆l 1 v=nλ∨λ=
= n
l n −1
Given , v =360 m s , n=500 Hz

()
v1 1 −1/ 2
360
∴ = =√ n ∴ λ= =0.72m
v2 n 500

If f 1 , f 2 are the corresponding

λ
Path difference= × phase defference

fundamental frequencies of longitudinal

2π

and transverse vibration, then

λ
I ,e . , ∆ x = ×ϕ
2π

P a g e | 186
 ¿ ∆ x=
0.72 π
2π 3 (
× ∴ ∆ ϕ=60 °=
π
3 )
=0.12m=12 cm

625 (a)

Finally when the box is rotated

( )
'
v n v v 2v
Path Difference
'
n =n ⇒ = ⇒ =3 ⇒ v s=
v−v S n v−v S v−v S 3
' ' '' ' '' ' ' ' ' ' '' ' '
¿ S1 M −S 2 M ⇒ ∆ x=5−3=2 m
Suppose d=¿ distance of epicenter of
626 (c)

Earth quake from point of observation

v S=¿ Speed of S-wave and v P=¿ Speed of
P-wave then
d=v P t P =v S t S or 8 t P =4.5 t S
For maxima
⇒ t P=
4.5
t , given that t S−t P=240 Path Difference = (Even multiple)
8 S λ λ
4.5 240 ×8 ⇒ Δ x=( 2 n )
For 5 maximum responses
⇒ t S− t S =240 ⇒ t S= =548.5 s 2 2
8 3.5
∴ d=v S t S=4.5 ×548.5=2468.6 ≈ 2500 km

627 (b)
⇒ 2=2 ( 5 )
λ
2 { λ 2
∵ ∆ x= (2 n ) ⇒ λ= =0.4 m
2 5 }
∆ n=n1 −n2 ⇒ 4=
v v v 1
− = −
2l 1 2l 2 2 1.00 1.025
1
[ ] From v=u+at
634 (d)

8
⇒ 8=v [ 1−0.975 ] ⇒ v= ≈ 328 m/ s
0.025 v s=0+ g × 2=2 g

As source is moving towards the

observer.
628 (b)

L=10 log 10 ( II )=30 ⇒ II =10

0 0
3

v vf0
∴f = f 0=
v−v s v −2 g
Since maximum audible frequency is
629 (d)

Frequency is given by
635 (c)
20,000 Hz ,

Hence λ min=
v 340

√
= ≈ 20 mm 1 T
n max 20,000 v=
∴first frequency
l μ
631 (d)

√
γRT T N M N
√
TN 14 7 1 T
v= ⇒ = ⇒ = = v 1=
And second frequency
M T 0 M 0 273+55 16 8 2l μ
⇒ T N =287 K =14 ℃

633 (b)
Initially S1 M =S 2 M
v 2=
1 4T
√
∴hence, the ratio of frequencies
4l μ

⇒ Path Difference ( ∆ x )=S 1 M −S2 M =0 v1

=1: 1
v2

636 (b)

P a g e | 187
 Given, y= y 0 sin 2 π ft− ( ) 4 μm
∴ Resultant amplitude ¿ √ 32 +4 2=5 μm
x
λ
For particle velocity,
642 (d)
( )
dy
dt
=2 πf y o λ1 v 1 2 /3 20
Wave velocity = f λ
max ❑ v∝ λ⇒ = = =
λ2 v 2 3 /10 9
Accordingly,
For an isotropic point source of power P,
643 (d)
2 πf y o =4 ( fλ )
Or intensity I at a distance r from it is
π y0 P
λ= I=
2 4πr
2

() ()
2 2
638 (d) I 1 r2 9
∴ = =
I 2 r1 4
Where A is the amplitude of a wave
−7 3 11
B y =2 ×10 sin (0.5 ×10 z +1.5 ×10 t)T
The electric vector is perpendicular to B
as well as direction of propagation of
electromagnetic wave.
Therefore E x has to be taken.
∴
A1
A2 √
I 9
= 1=
I2 4

Further,
−7 8 P
E0 =B 0 × c ⇒ 2×10 ×3 ×10 V /m=60 V /m
∴ The corresponding value of the electric
r

field is
E x =60 sin ( 0.5 ×10 3 z +1.5 ×1011 t ) V /m 644 (a)

Fundamental frequency of open pipe

639 (b) n' =n ( v +vv )=800( 330+30
S
330
)=733.33 Hz
First harmonic ¿ n1=
v 330
In open organ pipe 3rd overtone
= =550 Hz 645 (c)
2 l 2 ×0.3
Second harmonic ¿ 2 ×n1=1100 Hz .=1.1 kHz th
corresponds to 4 harmonic mode.
Also in open pipe, Number of nodes =
Order of mode of vibration and number of
640 (a)

Here,n=500 Hz ,T = = antinodes = (Number of nodes + 1). Here

1 1 −3
=2 ×10 s
number of nodes ¿ 4 , Number of
n 500

Phase difference corres to 2 ×10−3 s=2 π antinodes ¿ 4 +1=5

rad
646 (a)
Phase difference corres to Given, x 1=3 sin ωt
¿ x 2=4 sin ( ωt−90 ° )
=π rad The phase difference between the two
−3
−3 2 π ×1 ×10
waves is 90°.
1=10 = −3
2 ×10
So, resultant amplitude
The wave 1 and 3 reach out of phase.
641 (c)
a=√ ( 3 ) + ( 4 )
2 2

Hence resultant phase difference ¿ √ 9+16=√ 25

between them is π . = 5 unit
∴ Resultant amplitude of 1 and 3
647 (d)
Given, the speed of sound v=330 m s−1
¿ 10−7=3 μm
This wave has phase difference of with
π
2
P a g e | 188
 Velocity of both trains =30 m s−1 The particle velocity
(∵ v o=v s=20 m s )
−1 dy
v p= …(ii)
And frequency =600 Hz
Now, on differentiating Eq. (i) w.r.t.t,
dt
When both trains are moving towards
each other then, apparent frequency
dy
=a cos ( ωt−kx ) . ω
dt
'
n =n
[ ]
v+ v o
v−v s
dy
⟹ =aω cos ( ωt−kx )
From eq. (ii)
dt
¿ 600
[ ]
330+30
330−30 ⟹ v p =aω cos ( ωt−kx )
For maximum particle velocity,
¿ 600
[ ]
360
300 cos (ωt-kx)=1
n ' =720 Hz so, v p=aω × 1⟹ v p =aω

The boat bounces up, ie, it travels from

648 (c) 653 (c)

Since v=
crest to the consecutive crest along wave
motion. Wavelength=distance between
γRT
M √
i. e . , v ∝ √ T

two consecutive crest ie, 654 (b)

λ=100 m Here, ι 1=18 cm
Velocity of wave=25 m s−1 v1
Hence, time in one bounce of boat
f=
4 ι1
λ 100 3 v2
t= = =4 s f= ,
v 25 4 ι2
where ι 2=x According to given situation
String will vibrate in 7 loops so it will and also v 1< v 2as during summer
649 (a)

have 8 nodes 7 antinodes. temperature would be higher.

Number of harmonics = Number of loops 3 v2 vι
= Number of antinodes ⇒ Number of
=
antinodes = 7
4 ι2 4 ι1

Hence number of nodes = Number of

⟹ x=54 × ( A quantity greater than I )
So, x>54
antinodes + 1

Here,n=200 ±5∧2 n=420 ±10 . This is

¿ 7+1=8 655 (b)

650 (a) possible only when n=200+5=205

As n ∝ ∧l=l 1 +l 2+ l3
1

Speed of sound in gases is

l 656 (d)

√
1 1 1 1 γRT
∴ = + + v= ⇒T ∝ M
n n 1 n2 n3 M

(Because v , γ -constant). Hence

TH MH
Fundamental frequency of open pipe is
651 (a) 2
= 2

TO MO
double that of the closed pipe
2 2

TH 2
⇒ 2
⇒ T H =23.2 K =−249.7 ℃
=
(273+ 100) 32 2

Given that, the displacement of a particle 657 (b)

652 (a)

is Comparing the given equation with

Y=a sin (ωt-kx) …(i) y=a cos(ωt−kx )

P a g e | 189
We get k =
For a vibrating string
2π 658 (c)
=π ⇒ λ=2 cm
λ
n1 l 1=n2 l 2=n3 l 3 … .=constant =k ( say )=nl
Alsol 1 +l 2+l 3 +l 4 + … ..=1
k k k k k 1 1 1 1
+ + + +…= ⇒ = + + + … .
n1 n2 n3 n4 n n n1 n 2 n3

The frequency is a characteristic of

660 (d)

source. It is independent of the medium.

Hence the correct option is (d).

Frequency of sonometer wire is given by

661 (d)

v=
1 T
√
Where m is mass of string per unit length,
2l m

and T is tension in the string.

Also, m=πr2d
R being radius of string per unit length,
and T is tension in the string.
So,

v=

Or
1
√
T
2l π r 2 d

v∝ √
T

Or
r

v1
v2
T
√
= 1× 2
r
T 2 r1 ()
T1
Given , r 2=2 r 1 ,T 2= , v =v
2 1
Hence,
v
=√ 2× 2
v2
Or
v
v 2=
2 √2

It is known that when loudness decreases

662 (a)

by10 dB ,intensity of sound decreases by a

factor 10.therefore, when loudness
decreases by20 dB ,ie ,2 ×10 dB , the
intensity of sound would decreases by a
factor of 102,ie100.

663 (a)

P a g e | 190
 The wall acts like a rigid boundary and
ω 2π 664 (c)
v= = =1 m/s
reflects this wave and sends it back
k 2π

towards the open end. At the open an

antinode is formed and a node is formed
at the wall. The distance between
antinode and node is
λ

Therefore, if v be the frequency of note

4

emitted then
v
λ=
v
300 1
⟹ λ= = m
Maximum amplitude is obtained at
600 2

distance
λ 1 1 1
¿ = × = m
4 2 4 8

665 (d)
The perceived frequency ( f ' ) is related to
the actual frequency ( f o ) and the relative
speeds of the source ( v s ) and observer ( v o )
of waves in the medium is given by
'
f =f o
( )
v+ v o
v−v s
Given,
v=340m/s v o=15m/s, v s=20 m/s

∴ f ' =600× ( 340−20

340+15
)
355
¿ ×600=666 Hz
320

As moon has no atmosphere, therefore

666 (d)

sound of explosion cannot travel to earth.

Let mass and length of the string are M

667 (d)

and L
Pulse at distance x from free end

P a g e | 191
 Mass per unit length ¿ M / L
water t 1 is obtained from s=ut+ a t
∴ Mass of length x i.e.
1 2
2

Tension T = ( ML ) xg 2h .
∴ Velocity ¿ √ T /m
1
h=0+ g t 21 , t 1
2 g
a
√
Time taken by sound to reach the top of
⇒ v=

⇒ v∝ √x
√
Mgx /L
M /L
= √ gx
wellt 2= .
h
v

Total time t=t 1+ t 2=

In closed pipe only odd harmonics are √
668 (a) 2h h
+
present
g v

675 (b)

In open organ pipe both even and odd

669 (a)
( √ I 1 +1
)
2

(√ ) = 4
2
9
harmonics are produced
+1
I max √I2 1
= =

( ) (√ 1 )
2
I min √ 1 −1
I 9 1 2

−1
When source and observer both are
670 (c)
√I2
moving in the same direction and
observer is ahead of source, then
Mass per unit length
676 (d)

apparent frequency −4
2 ×10 −4
v 5v m= kg /m=4 ×10 kg/m
v− 0.5
Frequency of 2nd harmonic n2 =2n 1
v−v 6 6 10
v '= o
v= = v= v
v−v s v 3v 9

√ √
v− 1 T 1 20
4 4 ¿2× = =447.2 Hz
2l m 0.5 4 ×10−4

Distance between six successive node

671 (b)
677 (b)

√ √
5λ 2 × 85 1 vH MO 32 v H 4
¿ =85 cm ⇒ λ= =34 cm=0.34 m v∝ ⇒ = = ⇒
2
= 2 2

Therefore speed of sound in gas

2 5
√ M vO MH 2 2
vO 1 2 2

¿ nλ=1000 ×0.34=340 m/s 678 (d)

Given , f 0−f c =2 … (i )
Frequency of fundamental mode for a
672 (b)

As closed organ pipe,

'
l2 l2
=
2l l '1 v
f c=
4 Lc
∴ = ' , Similarly frequency of fundamental mode
'
60 l 2
an open orgen pipe,
40 50

50× 60 v
'
l 2= =75 cm f 0=
2 L0
Given
40
Lc =L0

The frequency of note ‘Sa’ is 256 Hz while

673 (b) ⟹ f 0=2 f c … ( ii )
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
that of note ‘Re’ and ‘Ga’ respectively are
288 Hz and 320 Hz
f 0=4 Hz
And f c =2 Hz
When the length of the open pipe is
Time taken by stone to reach the level of halved, its frequency of fundamental
674 (a)

P a g e | 192
 mode is
'
f =
v
y 2=a2 cos ωt− ( 2 πx
λ
+ϕ )
[ ]
0
L0

[ ( )]
2 π 2 πx
2 ¿ a 2 sin + ωt− +ϕ
¿ 2 f 0 =2× 4 Hz=8 Hz 2 λ
When the length of the closed pipe is
doubled, its frequency of fundamental Compare it with y 1=a1 sin ⁡ ωt− ( )
2 πx
mode is
λ

Phase difference¿
v
( π2 + ϕ)
'
f 0=
4 ( 2 Lc )
1 1
¿ f c = ×2=1 Hz
∴Path difference ¿ ( )
Hence, number of beats produced per
2 2 λ π
+ϕ
second is
2π 2

' ' 684 (d)

f 0=f =8−1=7
y=5 ( sin 4 πt+ √ 3 cos 4 πt )
679 (c)
Given, y 1= A sin ( kx −ωt )
y=5 ( sin 4 πt+5 √ 3 cos 4 πt )
A=√ A 1+ A 2
2 2

(
y 2= A cos ( kx−ωt ) ∨ y 2=a sin kx−ωt+
π
2 ) √
A= (5 )2+ ( 5 √ 3 )
2

Phase difference of two waves=π/2 ¿ √ 25+75= √ 100

∴resultant amplitude
A=10
R=√ A 2+ A 2+ 2 AAcos Φ 685 (d)

√
¿ A 2 + A 2 +2 A 2 cos
π
2
μ=
sin i v 1
=
sin r v 2

(π
¿ √ A 2 ∵ cos =0
2 ) ⟹ sin r=sin 30 ° ×
2v
v
1
⟹ sin r= × 2× 1
2
R=√ 2 A ⟹ r=90°

686 (d)
Sound waves are longitudinal waves.
680 (a)
2 π f 1=600 π
They produce alternately the states of …(i)
compression and rarefaction at a point in
f 1=300

the medium.
2 π f 2=608 π
f =304 …(ii)
2

|f 1−f 2|=4 beats

Waves A and B satisfy the conditions
681 (a)

required for a standing wave

2
I max ( A 1 + A 2 ) ( 5+4 )2 81
= = =
I min ( A 1− A2 )2 ( 5−4 )2 1

Proceeding as in above question,

682 (c)

Particles have kinetic energy maximum at

688 (d)

vp mean position.
tanθ=tan 60° =
v
689 (a)
Number of beats s =n1−n 2
−1
∴ v p =v × tan 60°=v √ 3

683 (b) ∴ Time interval between two successive

P a g e | 193
beats/successive maxima ¿
1 690 (b)

√
n1−n 2 1 T
n= ⇒ n1 l1 =n2 l 2=n3 l 3 =k
2l m
k k k k
l 1 +l 2+l 3 =l⇒ + + =
n1 n 2 n3 n
1 1 1 1
⇒ = + +
n n1 n2 n3

In general, pth mode of a string fixed at

691 (c)

ends has frequency

p=1,2,3….
4v
v=
Where v is velocity of wave and 𝒍 is
2l

length of string. In fourth normal mode,

p=4
4v
∴v=
Given, v=500 Hz, 𝒍=2m
2l

Hence,
4v
500=
Or
2 ×2

500 × 4 −1
v= =500 m s
4

Frequency of third harmonic of closed

692 (a)

pipe

3v
n1 =
4l

Fundamental frequency of open pipe

2
n2 =
2l

As n1−n2=100

v
=100
4l

v
∴ =200 Hz
2l

If a amplitude of sound from A and B

693 (d)

each, then I A=I B k a ,where k is constant.

2

P a g e | 194
 Loudness due to C (ie A +B)
As v= ,therefore.
I C =k ( 2 a 2) 4 I A
√ √
T
m
=
F
m

v ∝ √ 1.5 v =1.22 v
'

∴ n=10 log 10
( ) IC
IA
=10 log 10 4
Minimum audible frequency ¿ 20 Hz
699 (b)

¿ 10 ×0.6=6 v 336
⇒ =20 ⇒ l= =4.2 m
4l 4 ×20

For producing beats, their must be small

694 (d)

As n ∝ √ T
700 (a)
difference in frequency

∴ To produce octave of the note (of

Frequency of change of resultant double the frequency), T has to be made
695 (d)

amplitude=number of beats 4 times, ie , weight required

s =260−256=4 Hz. ¿ 4 ×4 kg=16 kg
−1

702 (d)
In this problem acceleration is variable Velocity v s=rω=r .2 πv
696 (d)

…(i) ( 400
( ) 60 )
dv t ¿ 1.2 ×2 ×3.14 × =50 m s −1
f= =f 0 1−
dt T
At t=0 , f =f 0 at t=T , f =0 i.e., v
We have to calculate the velocity of the
v min❑= v
v + vs
particle in the time from 340
t=0 to t=T sec
¿ × 500=436 Hz
340+50

From (i) equation, =f 0 1− ;

v
dv
dt (
t
T ) v max ❑=
v −v s
v

Integrating both sides, ¿

340
×500
=586 Hz
T 340−50
∫ dv=∫ f 0 (1− Tt ) dt ;
0

[ ] [ ]
T❑

For closed pipe second note

t2 T2 703 (b)
v=f 0 t− v=f 0 T − ;
2T 0 2T
3 v 3 × 330
[ ]
v=f 0 T −
T
2
; v=f 0
T
2
¿ =
4 l 4 ×1.5
=165 Hz

Phase difference between two successive

704 (b)

As fixed end is a node, therefore, distance

697 (c)

crest is 2 π .
between two consecutive nodes ¿ =10 cm
Also, phase difference ( ∆ ϕ )= time
λ
2π
2
T
λ=20 cm=0.2 m interval (Δ t)

As
2π 1 −1
v=vλ ⇒ 2 π= ×0.2 ⇒ =5 sec ⇒ n=5 Hz
T T
−1
∴ v =100× 0.2=20 m s 705 (d)
Let v be the speed of sound in air, v L
velocity of observer at time t. As the
As x ∝ F , therefore, when x becomes 1.5
698 (a)

observer approaches the source,

times, F becomes 1.5 times.

P a g e | 195
 therefore, apparent frequency

f=
(v+ v L )
v
f 0= [
v +(0+at )
v ]
f 0=f 0 +( )
f 0 at
v

This is the equation of a straight line with

a positive intercept ( f 0 )and positive slope

. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

( f va )
0

√ √
1 T1 1 T 2
2l μ l μ
=
T 2=T 1 /4
For rotational equilibrium,
The wire will vibrate with the same
706 (a)

frequency as that of source. This can be

T 1 x=T 2 ( L−x ) ⇒ x−L/5

considered as an example of forced

vibration. Let the man M be at a distance x from hill
711 (c)

T=10×9.2N=98N H 1 and y from hill H 2 as shown in figure.

Let y > x .
−3 −1

Frequency of wire
m=9.8× 10 kg m

n=
1
2L (√ mT )
¿
1
2× 1 (√ 9.8 ×10
98
)=50 Hz
−3
The time interval between the original
sound and echoes from H 1 and H 2 will be
The given equation representing a wave respectively
707 (c)

travelling along − y direction (because '+' 2x

and t 2=
2y
sign is given between t term and x term).
t 1=
v v
On comparing it with x= A sin (ωt +ky ) where v is the velocity of sound
The distance between the hills is
We get k =
2π 2× 3.14
=12.56 ⇒ λ= =0.5 m v 340
λ 12.56 x + y= ( t 1 +t 2 )= [ 1+2 ] =510 m
2 2
708 (a)

Fundamental frequency of close pipe,

v 1.7× 1000 −4
712 (d)
λ= = =4 ×10 m
n 4.2 ×10 6
v
v 1=
4 l1
By comparing given equation with
709 (a)
Fundamental frequency of open pipe,
y=a sin ( ωt ) cos kx v
v 2=
ω 100 2 l2
But v 1=v 2
4
⇒ v= = =10 m/ s
k 0.01
l1 1
According to question,
710 (a) ∴ =
l2 2

The speed of transverse wave

713 (a)

v=
√ T

Given, T=20N,
m

P a g e | 196
 M d × Aι by 2, we get
= =d × A
ι ι
y=a sin 2 π ( 102 x + 112 t + 16 ) … ( ii)
√ On comparing Egs. (i) and (ii), we get
−3
20× 10
∴=
Λ=0.2 units
2
7.5 ×0.2 × ( 10 )
−3

−1
v ≈ 116 m s
722 (a)

Sonometer is used to produce resonance

714 (a) 8
c 3× 10 5

of sound source with stretched vibrating

v= = =2 ×10 Hz
λ 1500
string
Apparent frequency heard by the
723 (d)

observer
716 (a)

n=
ρ T
2l m√ n
n2
T
∝√T ⇒ 1 = 1
T2 √ v '= ( v+ v
v −v s)×v

⇒
260
n2
=
√ 50.7 g
(50.7−0.0075 ×103 ) g
⇒ n2=240 ¿ ( 330−10
330+ 10
) ×256= 340
320
×256=272 Hz

∴No of beats heard by the observer =272-

This is a case of destructive interference 256=16
717 (d)

Given that, velocity of the car

724 (b)
The sounds of different source are said to
718 (d)

differ in quality. The number of overtones 36000 m

and their relative intensities determines
−1
¿ =10 m s
3600 s
the quality of any musical sound v emitted =500 Hz
−1
v sound =330 m s
We know that
Frequency is that characteristic of sound
719 (c)

waves which does not change while

( v sound −v obs )
passing through boundary separating two
¿ v emitted ×
c sound
media. Hence, observed frequency
330−10
720 (b)
v obs=500×
330
2 2
1 I 2 r1 2 1 v obs=485 Hz
I∝ 2
⇒ = 2
= 2
= ⇒ I 1=400 I 2
r I 1 r 2 ( 40 ) 400
725 (c)
Intensity level at point 1 , L1 =10 log 10 () I1
I0 v=
√ T
m
⇒ v=
√
60.5
(0.035 /7)
=110 m/s

and intensity at point 2 , L2=10 log 10 ()

I2
I0 726 (b)

I1
∴ L1−L2=10 log =10 log 10 (400)
I2
t=
√
2h h
+ =
g v
⇒ v=326.7 m/ s
9.8 v√
2 ×19.6 19.6
+ =2.06

⇒ L1−L2=10 × 2.602=26

First tone of open pipe = first overtone of

L2=L1−26=80−26=54 dB 727 (b)

closed pipe
The standard equation is
721 (a)
v 3v 3 × 2× 0.5
⇒ = ⇒ lc = =0.75 m
y=a sin 2 π ( Tt − xλ + ϕ) .. (i ) 2l 0 4 l c 4

Dividing multiplying the given equation 728 (b)

P a g e | 197
 1 1 The given equation can be written as
nClosed = ( nOpen ) = × 320=160 Hz
2 2
y=4 sin π
[( t x 1
− −
5 9 6
… … ..(i))]
Given equation y=3cos π(50t-x) The standard equation can be written as
729 (b)

Comparing with y=a cos (ωt-kx) Y=a sin (ωt-kx+ϕ )

K=π ⟹
2π
=π y=a sin ( 2Tπ t− 2λπ . x+ ϕ) … … .(ii)
λ =2 units. Equation Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
λ

Amplitude a=4cm

Frequency f = =1/¿ 10 Hz=0.1 Hz

730 (c) 1
Speed ¿ nλ=n ( 4 ab ) =4 n × ab As ab=
[ ]
λ
Wavelength ×9 =18 cm
T
4 λ=2
Path difference between b and e is
3λ Velocity v=fλ =0.1× 18=1.8 cm s−1
4
So the phase difference ¿ . Path
Frequency of reflected sound heard by
2π 734 (c)

difference the bat

λ

¿
2π 3 λ 3π
.
λ 4
=
2
'
v =v
[ v−( v o )
v−v s ]
Given,
731 (b)

y 1=4 sin 500 πt … .. ( i )

¿v
[ ] [ ]
v + vo
v −v s
=v
v + vb
v−v b

y 2=2 sin 506 πt … .. (ii )

¿v
[ 330+ 4
]
90 ×10 3
Comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii)
330−4

Y=a sin ωt……………(iii)

3
¿ 92.1 ×10 Hz

We have,
A wave travelling in positive x -direction
735 (c)
ω 1=500 π
may be represented as y= A sin
500 π 2π
⟹f1 =250 beats /s (vt−x).
On putting values
λ
And
2π

ω 2=506 π
506 π
y=0.2sin
2π
60
( 360t−x ) ⇒ y=0.2sin 2 π 6 t−
x
60 ( )
⟹ f 22= =253 beats/ s
Thus, number of beats produced
2π
736 (a)

Wave number ¿ but ' = ( )and

1 1 1 v
¿ f 2−f 1=253−250
=3 beats/s
λ λ λ v−v s
=3×60 beats/min
v
=180 beats/min
v s=
3
∴ ( W . N . )' = (W . N . ) ( v −vv /3 )=256 × 2 vv/3
According to question,
732 (c)

1st harmonic of closed organ pipe

3
¿ ×256=384
¿ 3 harmonic of open organ pipe
2
rd

Lc 1 737 (d)
V 3V
Energy ∝ a n ⇒
⇒ = ⇒ = aB n A
4 L c 2 L o Lo 6 2 2
= [∵ energy is same ]
a A nB
733 (a)

P a g e | 198
 aB 8 738 (b)

Path difference ( πr−2 r )= =

⇒ = λ 32
aA 1 =16
2 2
16
r= =14 cm
π−2

P a g e | 199
 (ii)
The average power per unit area that is
739 (a) λ l
=
incident perpendicular to the direction of
4 2

propagation is called the intensity

4l
λ= =2 l
Intensity of sound
2
∴ v = , the same frequency
v
P 2l
I= 2

Or
4πr
743 (d)
=20⇒ λ=80 cm , also Δ ϕ=
λ 2π
1 .Δx
I∝ 2 4 λ

Or
r
60 3π
⇒ Δ ϕ= × 2 π =
80 2

( )
2
I1 r2
=
If 𝒍 be length of pipe and v the velocity
I2 r1 744 (a)

Here,
then, the frequency of first overtone of
r 1=2 m , r 2=3 m
Substituting the values, we have
close pipe is
()
I1 3 2 9
= = 3v
I2 2 4 v 1=
4 l1

Comparing the given equation with

740 (a)
A

|
A

|
|

standard equation

|
We get ω=2 πn=200 π ⇒ n=100 Hz and
20 π
k=
17
2π 2π
∵ λ= = =1.7 m l2 N /2 l1 /4
k 20 π /17
And v= =
ω 200 π
=170 m/s
k 20 π /17

Walls of auditorium should be good

741 (a)

absorbers to provide optimum value of

A N
|

|
|

Open Closed

reverberation timeT = whereV is

pipe pipe
0.16 V

volume of hall and ∑ as is total absorption

∑ as

of the hall. Frequency of third harmonic of organ

pipe (open at both ends)
742 (a) 3v
v 2=
2 l2
the pipes are in resonance, hence
v 1=v 2
3 v 3v
∴ =
4 l1 2 l2
l1 2 1
⟹ = =
(i)
λ l2 4 2
=l ⇒ λ=2l
2

When an observer is moving towards the

v 745 (b)
v=
2l

P a g e | 200
 source apparent frequency 2π
∆ ϕ= ×∆ x
( v+vv )
' o
λ
n =n× λ
Or
⟹ ∆ x= ×∆ ϕ … ( i )
2π
4 v
'
n =n× also , λ= … ( ii )
now, from Eqs.(i)and (ii), we get
n
Or
4

' v
n 5 ∆ x= ×∆ϕ
= 2 πn
n 4
330 π
⟹ ∆ x= ×
Or ∆ x =1.1m
2 π ×50 3
Given,
746 (c)

TA L A 80

In an open organ pipe, both ends of the

=1, = 752 (a)
TB LB x
pipe are open. There are pressure nodes
D A 2 d A 0.81
(or displacement antinodes) at both ends.
= , =
DB 1 d B 1
Let μ1∧μ2 be the linear densities. Oscillation from a harmonic series that
includes all integral multiples of the
( ) fundamental frequency, i.e., all even and
2
μA DA dA
∴ = ×
odd harmonics is present. Therefore, if
μB DB dB

fundamental frequency is n, then other

()
2
2
frequencies are v, 2v, 3v, 4v…..
¿ ×0.81
1
=4×0.81=3.24

√
v 1 LB T A μB 753 (c)
∴ = × × l=
v2 LA TB μA N
N N

√
A A
x 1
1= × 1×
or x=144
80 3.21 l

754 (c)
747 (c) n ∝ √T
Given, v max ❑=v

For spherical wave intensity

755 (d)
⟹ aω=v
λ
⟹ a ×2 πv=vλ∨a= 1
2π (I ) ∝
( Distance r )2
also I ∝ a ⇒ a ∝ . Hence equation of a
Positive sign in the argument of sin
748 (b) 2 a

indicating that wave is travelling in

r
spherical wave is y= sin(ωt−kx )
negative x -direction
a
r

On comparing the given equation with At the middle of pipe, node is formed
750 (b) 756 (b)

standard equation
2π 6.28 757 (b)
=5 ⇒ λ= =1.256 m
λ 5 '
n =n
( ) (
v+ v O
v−v S
=240
340+ 20
340−20 )
=270 Hz

From relation
751 (b)

Higher pitch means higher frequency

758 (d)

Frequency of a stringed system is given

P a g e | 201
 by
Hence by using l=
(2 N −1)v

n=
p T
√⇒n∝
√T

Hence, to get higher frequency (higher

2l m l
⇒ 1.5=
(2 N−1)× 330
4n
⇒N ≈6
pitch) tension should be increase and
4 × 660

length should be shorten

766 (a)
y= y 1+ y 2 =a sin ( ωt−kx )=a sin ( ωt−kx )
759 (c)
Clearly it is equation of standing wave for
y=2a sin ωt cos kx
Number of beats s =n1−n 2=
v v
position of nodes y=0.
−1
−
3 l 4 (l+ ∆ l)
λ
[ ]
v l+∆ l−l v ∆ l i .e . , x=( 2 n+1 )
¿ = 2 4
l l(l+ ∆ l) 4l
⟹ n+ ( 12 ) λ=0 , 1 , 2, 3
For shortest length of pipe mode of
760 (a)

vibration must be fundamental

According to given information
767 (d)

v v 5 λ=4 ⇒ λ=0.8 m
i .e . ,n= ⇒ l=
So, frequency v= =
4l 4n
v 128
=160 Hz
and Angular frequency
761 (d) λ 0.8
ω 30
y=0.021sin (x+ 30t )⇒ v= = =30 m/ s ω=2 πv =2× 3.14 ×160=1005 rad /s
Also propagation constant
k 1

Using, v=
√ T
m
⇒ 30=
√ T
1.3 × 10−4
⇒ T =0.117 N
k=
2π 2π
= =7.85 m
−1

On Putting these values in standard

λ 0.8

Fundamental frequency, equation option (d) is correct

762 (d)

v=
1 T 1
√ =
2l m 2 l π r 2 ρ
1
T
√ Only odd harmonics are present
768 (b)

¿ v∝
Wave on a plucked string is stationary
lr 769 (a)

wave. Light waves are EM waves. Water

v 1 l 2 r 2 2 L× r
∴ = = =1
waves are transverse as well as
v 2 l 1 r 1 L ×2 r

763 (d) longitudinal

Amax =√ A2 + A2= A √ 2 , frequency will
remain same i .e . ω The amplitude of a plane progressive
770 (d)

wave¿a,that of a spherical progressive

wave isa /r .
764 (c)
power 400 π 2
Intensity= = =1 Watt /m
area 4 π ×10 2 771 (d)
I
Now L=10 log 10 =10 log 10
I0 10
1
−12 ( ) v 330
v=nλ ⇒ λ= =
n 256
=1.29 m
12
¿ 10 log 10 10 =120 dB 772 (d)

Time of fall ¿
Suppose N resonance occurred before
765 (b)

tube coming out

√ √ 2h
g
=
2× 10
=
1
1000 √ 50
In this time number of oscillations are
eight.

P a g e | 202
 So time for 1 oscillation ¿
1
8 √50
Frequency ¿ 8 √ 50 Hz=56 Hz
y=0.02sin 2 π
[ ( 0.04t − 0.50x )]
1
773 (a)
Comparing with y= ( x , t ) =a sin( ωt−kx )
v=
T ω
m k√
= ⇒
T
0.04
=
√
0.04
1
0.50
2π
k= =0.01 π ⇒ λ=200 m
( )
2
λ 0.50 2
T= ×0.04=( 12.5 ) ×0.04=6.25 Newton
0.04

As the string is vibrating in three

774 (c)

Frequencies of tuning forks is given by

780 (c)
segments, therefore,
nlast =n first +(N−1)x
3λ 2l 2(0.6) 2 n=n+ ( 50−1 ) × 4 ⇒ n=196 Hz
l= ∨λ= = =0.4 m
2 3 3
781 (a)
As Persistence of hearing is
v=
√ T
m
∴ v=
√80
0.2
=20 m s−1
1
10
s

There are four beats between P and 𝒬,

v 20 782 (a)
n= = =50 Hz
therefore the possible frequencies of P or
λ 0.4

Amplitude of particle velocity 254 (that is 250 ± 4 )Hz. When the prong of
P is field, its frequency become greater
( ) than the original frequency.
dy
¿ = ( amax ) ω=amax ( 2 πn )
If we assume that the original frequency
dt max

of P is 254, then on filing its frequency

will be greater than 254. The beats
( 0.5 × 10 ) ×2 π × 50=1.57 m s
−2 −1

between P and 𝒬 will be more than 4. But

In stationary wave all the particles in one it is given that the beats are reduced to 2,
775 (b)

particular segment ( between two therefore, 254 is not possible. Therefore,

nodes) vibrates in the same phase the required frequency must be 246 Hz.
i .e . ,

Distance between modes From the given equation

776 (c) 784 (b)

λ ω 1=2 π n1 =646 π ⇒ n1=323

And ω 2=2 π n2 =652 π ⇒ n 2=326
=5 cm
∴ λ=10 cm=0.1n
2
Hence, beat frequency ¿ 326−323=3
v 2
∴ Frequency v = = =20 Hz
The equation of wave travelling along y -
λ 0.1 785 (b)

axis is x= A sin (ky−ωt)

In a resonance tube, water works as a
777 (d)

reflector and the resonance frequency is

By using
786 (c)
independent of the substance (liquid)
which is filled in the tube.

778 (a)
n' = ( v−vv )⇒ 2n=n( v−vv ) ⇒ v = v2
S S
S

n ∝ √T 787 (a)
779 (a) v=
√ √ T
m
=
500
0.2
=50 ms−1

P a g e | 203
 of the given materials water and air. In
Energy density of wave is given by vacuum sound cannot travel, it’s speed is
788 (d)

2 2
u=2 π n ρ a
2
zero
Or u ∝ a2 ( as n∧ ρ are consants )
Observer receives sound waves (music)
794 (d)
2
u 1 a 1 52
which are longitudinal progressive waves
∴ = 2= 2
u2 a2 2
So, u1 :u2=25 : 4

Since,
795 (a)

All particles between one pair of

790 (c)
720 6 3
consecutive nodal points are in phase
= = ,i . e . , 3:5
Odd harmonics are produced only if the
1200 10 5
which is opposite to that of the particles
between the preceding of succeeding pipe is closed at one end.
pair. Thus all alternate antinodes vibrate
in phase
Points B and F are in same phase as they
796 (d)

are λ distance apart

From the figure sound travel ABC
791 (d)
797 (d)

A
O 2236m
C n=
√
1 T n1 l 2 T 1 1 1 1
⇒ = =
2 l m n2 l 1 T 2 4 4 8
⇒ n 2=8 n1=8× 200=1600 Hz
√ √
=

The fundamental frequency is

798 (a)

Given, time for the echo=10 √ 5 s

B f=
1
2L
=
T
μ √
Velocity of the plane=200 m s−1

√ √
1 T 1 T
Hence,
f= = 2
=
2L d LD πρ
ρπ
OC =200× 5 √ 5=2236 m 4
BC=¿velocity of sound×5 √ 5 ∴f ∝
1
⟹ BC =300 ×5 √ 5=3354 m LD
∴ OB=√ B C 2−O C2
OB=2500m
799 (c)

The plane is 2500 m above the ground.

v v
n closed = , n open= ⇒ n open =2 nclosed =2 f
4l 2l
792 (b)
The time interval between successive
800 (a)
Intensity of waves I = p ω A v
1
maximum intensities will be
2 2

Here p=density of medium

2

A=amplitude
1 1 1
= = sec
ω =angular frequency and
n1 n2 454−450 4

v=velocity of wave
Sound waves are longitudinal in nature so
801 (d)
Intensity depends upon amplitude,
frequency and waves velocity of the wave. they can not be polarised
also, I 1=I 2
Ultrasonic waves are produced by
802 (a)

Velocity of sound in steel is maximum out piezoelectric effect.

793 (d)

P a g e | 204
 Hence, beat frequency= v 2−v 1
Second harmonic means 2 loops in a total
804 (a)

length
316 310
¿ − =3 π unit
2π 2π
l

When a listener moves towards a

809 (a)

stationary source apparent frequency

Hence plucking distance from one end
l/4

( ) …(i)
' v + vO
l l l n= n=200
¿ = = v
When listener moves away from the same
2 p 2 ×2 4
source
We Doppler phenomena is related with n = {(v- {v} rsub {O} )} over {v} n=16 …(ii)
805 (a)

frequency. So option (a) is correct. From (i) and (ii)

v + v O 200 v+ v O 5
806 (b) = ⇒ = ⇒ v=360 m/ sec
n A =¿ Known frequency ¿ 288 cps , nB=?
v−v O 160 v −v O 4

x=4 bps , which is decreasing (from 4 to 2) 810 (a)

after loading i .e . x ↓
36 km/h¿ 36 ×
5
Unknown fork is loaded so n B ↓
=10m/s
18
Hence n A −n B ↓=x ↓ → Wrong
n B ↓−n A ↓= x ↓ →Correct
⇒ n B=n A + x=288+ 4=292 Hz

807 (a) Observer

1 l2 n 1
n ∝ ⇒ = ⇒l 2=l 1
l l1 n 2
n1
n2
=50 ×
( )
270
1000
=13.5 cm car 10 m/s car Source
For reflected
sound

The given equations of waves be written

808 (b)

as
y 1=0.25 sin ( 310 t ) … (i )
And y 2=0.25 sin ( 316 t ) … ( ii )
Building
Apart frequency of sound heard by car
Comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii) with the driver (observer)
standard wave equation, written as
y=a sin ( ωt ) … (iii )
We have, ω 1=310
f =f
'
( )
v+ v o
v−v s

⟹ v 1=
310
2π
unit
¿8 ( 320−10
320+ 10
)
And ω 2=316
'
f =8.5 kHz
316
⟹ v 2= unit
2π

P a g e | 205