CHAPTER 3

MOTION AND FORCE

MCQs
1. The change is position of a body from initial to final position is called:
(a) Velocity (b) Displacement (c) Acceleration (d) Speed
2. The rate of change of displacement is called:
(a) Velocity (b) Displacement (c) Acceleration (d) Speed
3. The SI unit of velocity is:
(a) m/s (b) m-s (c) s/m (d) None
4. If the velocity of the body is increasing then its acceleration will be:
(a) Zero (b) Maximum (c) Negative (d) Positive
5. The area under the curve of velocity time graph gives:
(a) Acceleration (b) Velocity (c) Distance (d) Direction
6. A man on the top of a tower throws an object upward with a certain velocity and allows another object
to fall freely. The two objects strikes the earth with:
(a) Different velocities (b) Same velocities (c) Uniform velocities (d) None
7. The average and instantaneous accelerations will be equal when a body moves with:
(a) Constant acceleration (b) Variable acceleration
(c) Retardation (d) Positive acceleration
8. A frame of reference at rest is called:
(a) Non inertial (b) Inertial frame (c) Acceleration (d) None
9. The quantity of matter in a body is called:
(a) Force (b) Mass (c) Displacement (d) Speed
10. The property of a body due to which it opposes its state of rest or of motion is called:
(a) Momentum (b) Torque (c) Weight (d) Inertia
11. Slope of velocity time graph represents:
(a) Distance (b) Displacement (c) Acceleration (d) None
12. A paratrooper moves downward with:
(a) Zero acceleration (b) Negative acceleration
(c) Positive acceleration (d) Acceleration due to gravity
13. If a body is moving with constant velocity of 20 m/s towards north then its acceleration is:
(a) 5m / s 2 (b) 9m / s 2 (c) 10m / s 2 (d) None
14. If a body covers equal displacement in equal interval of time then velocity of the body is:
(a) Uniform (b) Average (c) Instantaneous (d) None
15. If a body is moving with constant acceleration then the velocity time graph is:
(a) Parabola (b) Hyperbola (c) Straight line (d) None
16. Newton’s laws are applicable on the objects which have:
(a) High speed and light mass (b) Low speed and light mass
(c) Low speed and heavy mass (d) None
17. The force which produces an acceleration of 1m / s 2 in an object of mass 1kg is equal to:
(a) One ampere (b) One watt (c) One newton (d) One coulomb
18. The expression I  F  t represents:
(a) Momentum (b) Impulse (c) Force (d) Power
19. A force of 100N acts in a body for 5 seconds, what will be the change in momentum:
(a) 20N  s (b) 500N  s (c) 100N  s (d) 1000N  s
20. A body thrown upward making an angle with the horizontal and moving freely under the action of
gravity is called:
(a) Linear motion (b) Projectile motion (c) Both a and b (d) None
21. During projectile motion, the horizontal component of velocity:
(a) Remains constant (b) Increases (c) Decreases (d) Becomes zero
22. Trajectory of a projectile is:
(a) Circle (b) Parabola (c) Hyperbola (d) Straight line
23. A foot ball kicked in air, is the example of:
(a) Linear motion (b) Circular motion (c) Rotational motion (d) Projectile motion
24. The acceleration along x direction in case of projectile is:
(a) Zero (b) Equal to gravity (c) Maximum (d) Constant
25. The horizontal component of velocity of a projectile thrown with initial velocity 300 m / s at angle of
90 will be:
(a) 450 m / s (b) 200 m / s (c) 150 m / s (d) Zero
26. The time of flight is given by:
2v1 sin  v sin  v 2 sin  v sin 
(a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 1
g g 2g 2g
27. The angle of projection to cover maximum horizontal range is:
(a) 90 (b) 120 (c) 18 (d) 45
28. The expression for maximum range of projectile is given by:
v2 2v1 2v12 v2
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 1
g g g 2g
29. The path followed by the ballistic missile is called:
(a) Missile displacement (b) Ballistic trajectory
(c) Missile acceleration (d) Ballistic time
30. The ballistic missiles are useful only for:
(a) Long range (b) Vertical range (c) Short range (d) Normal range
31. For long range, the missiles used are called:
(a) Long range missiles (b) Normal missiles (c) Guided missiles (d) Rocket missile
32. An object can have a constant speed even its velocity is:
(a) Constant (b) Changing (c) Zero (d) Maximum
33. The system in which no external force acts called:
(a) Inertial system (b) Isolated system
(c) Non Inertial system (d) Thermal system
34. When there is no loss of KE and momentum then the collision is called:
(a) Elastic collision (b) In elastic collision (c) Inertial collision (d) None
35. The ballistic trajectory is the path followed by:
(a) The powered guided missile (b) An unpowered and guided missile
(c) An unpowered an unguided missile (d) None
36. The range of projectile is directly proportional to the:
(a) Sin 2 (b) Sin 2  (c) Cos2  (d) Tan 2 
37. A train covers the first half distance between two stations at a speed of 40 kmh1 and the other half at
60 kmh1 then its average speed is:
(a) 45 kmh1 (b) 48 kmh1 (c) 40 kmh1 (d) None
38. A ball is projected at angle of 45 to horizontal. If range is equal to 20 m , maximum height to which ball
rises is:
(a) 2.5m (b) 5.0m (c) 7.5m (d) 10m
39. In the following velocity time graph, the distance travelled by the body in meters is:

(a) 200 (b) 250 (c) 300 (d) 400

40. Newton’s first law of motion gives definition of:
(a) Mass (b) Force (c) Acceleration (d) Speed
41. Motion of rocket is based on:
(a) Newton’s third law of motion (b) Law of conservation of momentum
(c) Newton’s law of graviton (d) Both a and b
42. The acceleration of projectile at the highest point is:
(a) Zero (b) Increases (c) Decreases (d) Constant
2
43. A force of 12N gives an acceleration 4 ms to an object the force required to give it an acceleration of
10 ms 2 is:
(a) 15N (b) 20N (c) 25N (d) 30N
2 2
44. Acceleration of 1.5ms expressed in kmh is:
(a) 324 (b) 5.4 (c) 5400 (d) 19440
45. A bomb of mass 12 kg initially at rest, explodes into two pieces of masses 4 kg and 8 kg . The speed of
the mass 8 kg is 6ms1 . The KE of the 4kg mass is:
(a) 32J (b) 48J (c) 114J (d) 288J
46. In a projectile motion, the horizontal range R depends upon:
(a) Angle of projection (b) Initial velocity (c) Both a and b (d) None
47. The horizontal component of a projectile moving with initial velocity of 200 m / s at an angle of 60 to x
axis is:
(a) 100 m / s (b) 250 m / s (c) 50 m / s (d) 200 m / s
48. A force of 15N acts on a body of mass 5 kg for 5sec to a distance of 10cm , the rate of change of
momentum is:
(a) 75N (b) 45N (c) 15N (d) 30N
49. A fighter plane is chasing another plane, when it open fire its speed:
(a) Increases (b) Decreases (c) Remains same (d) It stops
50. If the horizontal range of a projectile is four times its maximum height the angle of projection is:
 1  1
(a) 30 (b) 45 (c) Sin 1   (d) tan 1  
4 4
51. The range of projectile when launched at an angle of 15 with the horizontal is 1.5m . Its range when
launched at 75 with the same speed is:
(a) 3.0m (b) 1.5m (c) 6.0m (d) 0.75m
52. For a projectile, the ratio of maximum height reached to the square of flight time is:
(a) 5: 4 (b) 5: 2 (c) 5 :1 (d) 10 :1
53. A body is dropped from a tower with zero velocity reaches ground in 4 seconds. The height of the tower
is about:
(a) 80m (b) 20 m (c) 160m (d) 40 m
54. A stone is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 30ms 1 . If the acceleration due to gravity is 10 ms 2
, what is the distance travelled by the particle during the first second of its motion:
(a) 30 m (b) 25m (c) 10m (d) None
55. The distance covered by a body in time ‘t’ starting from rest is:
at 2 a2 t
(a) (b) vt (c) (d) at 2
2 2
56. At what angle, the range and maximum range are equal?
(a) 45 (b) 90 (c) 60 (d) 0
57. A cricket ball is hit so that it travels straight up in air and it can acquires 3 seconds to reach the maximum
height. Its initial velocity is:
(a) 10 ms 1 (b) 15ms 1 (c) 29.4 ms 1 (d) 12.2ms1
58. A bullet of mass 10 g hits a target and penetrates 2cm into it. If the average resistance offered by the
target is 100N then the velocity with which the bullet hits the target is:
(a) 10 ms 1 (b) 10 2 ms 1 (c) 20ms 1 (d) 20 2 ms 1
59. An object is thrown along a direction inclined at an angle of 45 o with the horizontal direction. The
horizontal range of the particle is:
(a) Four times the vertical height (b) Thrice the vertical height
(c) Twice the vertical height (d) Equal to vertical height
60. A projectile thrown with a velocity v at an angle θ has a range R on the surface of earth. For same v and
θ, its range on the surface of moon will be:
(a) 36 R (b) R/6 (c) R/36 (d) 6R
61. Four bodies are projected with same speed at angles 30 , 40 , 55 and 65o with the horizontal. The
0 o o

horizontal range will be largest for the one projected at an angle of:
(a) 300 (b) 40o (c) 55o (d) 65o
62. Two balls projected at 30o and 60o with same initial velocities. The ratio of their maximum heights is
(a) 1:2 (b) 1:3 (c) 3:4 (d) 2:3
63. A 150 m long train is moving with 45 km/h. the time taken by the train to cross a bridge of length 850 m
is:
(a) 56 s (b) 68 s (c) 80 s (d) 92 s
4
64. If R  h where R = Range and h = Height of projectile. Angle of projection is:
3
(a) 30o (b) 60o (c) 45o (d) 76o
65. A cyclist moving on a circular track of radius 40 m completes half a revolution in 40 s, its average velocity
is:
(a) zero (b) 4π m/s (c) 2 m/s (d) 8π m/s
SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Define displacement.
2. When a car moves with constant acceleration, draw and explain its velocity time graph.
3. State Newton’s second law of motion.
4. Show that rate of change of momentum of a body equals the applied force.
5. Define isolated system.
6. Define elastic and inelastic collision.
7. In case of elastic collision in one dimension, calculate velocities of balls after collision, when a light
body collides with a massive body at rest.
8. Derive an expression for height of projectile.
9. An object is thrown vertically upward. Discuss the sign of acceleration due to gravity when object is in
air, relative to initial velocity? If so, give an example.
10. Explain the circumstances in which the velocity v and acceleration a of a car is:
(i) Parallel (ii) Perpendicular to one another
11. Motion with constant velocity is a special case of motion with constant acceleration. Is this statement
true? Discuss:
12. Define impulse and show that how it is related to the linear momentum?
13. Explain what is meant by projectile motion. Derive expression for:
(a) Time of flight (b) Range of projectile
14. At what point or points in its path does a projectile have its minimum speed, its maximum speed?
15. Define frame of reference. Write its types.
16. Define inertial frame of reference. Is frame stationed on earth inertial?
17. Which will be more effective in knocking a bear down, a rubber bullet OR a lead bullet of same
momentum. Explain.
18. When a bullet is fired by gun of mass M, derive an expression for recoil velocity.
19. If a projectile is projected with K.E. (K) making angle of 60o with horizontal. Calculate its K.E at top of
trajectory.
20. If momentum is increased by 20%. What % change occurred in K.E.
21. If range (R) of projectile is four times its height (h). What is angle of projection.
22. If a particle completes one revolution in 20 s. Calculate ratio of distance to displacement after 50 s.
23. The graph shows the force acting on a body of 4 kg over a time period of 4 s. If the body was initially
at rest, what would be its velocity after 4 s?

LONG QUESTIONS
1. State and prove law of conservation of momentum.
2. In case of elastic collision in one dimension, prove that magnitude of relative velocity of approach is
equal to magnitude of relative velocity of separation.
3. Define projectile motion. Calculate its velocity of projection at any instant.
PROBLEMS
1. A helicopter is ascending vertically at the rate of 19.6 ms-1. When it is at a height of 156.8 m above the
ground, a stone is dropped. How long does the stone take to reach the ground?
2. Two masses m1 and m2 are initially at rest with a spring compressed between them. What is the ratio of
the magnitude of their velocities after spring has been released?
3. A boy places a fire cracker of negligible mass in an empty can of 40 g mass. He plugs the end with a
wooden block of mass 200 g. After igniting the firecracker, he throws the can straight up. It explodes at
the top of its path. If the block shoots out with a speed of 3.0 ms -1, how fast will they can be going?
4. Two blocks of masses 2.0 kg and 0.50 kg are attached at the two ends of a compressed spring. The
elastic potential energy stored in the spring id 10J. Find the velocities of the blocks if the spring delivers
its energy to the blocks when released.
5. A 1500 kg car has its velocity reduced from 20 m/s to 15 m/s in 3.0 s. How large was the average
retarding force?
6. A 100 g golf ball is moving to the right with 20 ms-1. It makes a head on collision with an 8 kg steel ball,
initially at rest. Compute velocities of the balls after collision.
7. A football is thrown upward with an angle of 30o with respect to the horizontal. To throw a 40 m pass
what must be the initial speed of the ball?
8. A ball is thrown horizontally from a height of 10 m with velocity of 21 ms-1. How far off it hit the ground
and with what velocity?
9. Find the angle of projection of a projectile for which its maximum height and horizontal range are
equal.
10. Prove that for angles of Projection, which exceed or fall short of 45 o by equal amounts, the ranges are
equal.
11. A truck weighing 2500 kg and moving with a velocity of 21 ms-1 collides with stationary car weighing
1000 kg. The truck and the car move together after the impact. Calculate their common velocity.