CRE PAPER 1 - 313/1 iii. Death.

iv. Being cursed.

CRE REVISION PAPERS WITH ANSWERS v. Denial of privileges.
vi. Ridicule through songs and dances.
QUESTION NUMBER: 1 vii. Being cursed by elders.
viii. Denial of privileges in the community
KCSE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL ix. Making sacrifices to appease the ancestors. (5x1=5 marks)
2007 1 a) Outline the differences in the two accounts of creation in Genesis
2006 1 a) Give reasons why Christians read the bible - 8 marks 1 and 2. - 10 marks
i. It provides Christians with moral values. i. The creation order of everything is mentioned in the first account but
ii. The Bible strengthens ones faith in God. no order is given in the second account.
iii. It is a source of spiritual growth. ii. Male and female are created at the same time in the image of God in
iv. It gives Christians inspiration and hope. the first account while in the second account man is made from dust
v. It helps Christians understand their relationship with God. and the woman from the man's rib.
vi. It enables Christians to understand the will of God. iii. In the first account creation is out of nothing but in the second account
vii. It is God's word since the authors were inspired by God. man is made out of dust of the ground as plants are made to grow out
viii. It acts as a source of knowledge to Christians. of a garden.
ix. It acts as a source of Christian beliefs and practices. (4x2=8 marks) iv. In the first account human beings are created last while in the second
2006 1 b) With reference to the Genesis stories of creation in chapters 1 account they are created first.
and 2, outline the attributes of God - 7 marks v. In the first account God gives names to what he orders to be while in
i. God is the sole creator - He created heaven and earth. the second account man is made to give names to all that God created.
ii. God is holy - God sanctified the seventh day and made it holy. vi. In the first account human beings are to subdue the earth while in the
iii. God is a spirit - He had existed before everything else was created. second account God confines them in the Garden of Eden.
iv. God is all-powerful- He used the power of His words to create the vii. In the first account creation is completed in six days while in the
universe. second there are no number of days given.
v. God is orderly - He created the world in order of days. viii. God rested on the seventh day in the first account but there is no day
vi. God is good - Everything that was created was good. of rest in the second account.
vii. God is the source and giver of life - He breathed life giving breath in the ix. In the first account there is no mention of forbidden tree while in the
nostrils of man. second account it is mentioned.
viii. God is the provider and sustainer of His creation - He provided food x. In the first account the Spirit of God was moving over the face of the
and water for his creation. waters while in the second account the spirit of God is not mentioned.
ix. God is everywhere (omnipresent) - He is not confined in one place. In xi. In the first account God appreciated everything as good while in the
the first account His spirit was moving everywhere in the water. second account he said that it is not good for man to be alone.
x. God is a worker - He worked during creation of the universe and xii. In the first account God creates in unity with the spirit while in the
everything in it. (7x1=7 marks) second account he was alone.
2006 1 c) What are the consequences of breaking taboos in traditional xiii. In the first account God created human beings for procreation while in
African communities? - 5 marks the second account they were created for companionship. (5x2=10
i. Payment of fines. marks)
ii. Excommunication from the community

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2007 1 b) From the story of the fall of human beings in Genesis Chapter 3, 2008 1 b) Outline five effects of the translation of the Bible into local
state the effects of sin. - 6 marks languages. - 10 marks
i. Both man and woman realized they were naked. i. Bible translation has led to the development of the African languages.
ii. Human beings were ashamed of their nakedness. ii. It has led to the spread of the word of God to many people.
iii. Death was introduced in the lives of human beings. iii. Through the translations, people are able to apply the Bible teachings
iv. The relationship between human beings and God changed to one of in their lives.
fear. Man started fearing God. iv. It has contributed to improved literacy levels among the Africans.
v. Adam and Eve were chased from the Garden of Eden. v. It has led to establishment of African independent churches by
vi. Enmity between human beings and the serpent developed. Africans.
vii. The woman was to experience pain in childbearing. vi. It has contributed to expansion of the church / numerical growth of
viii. Man was made to toil so as to eat. the church.
ix. Man was made to rule over the woman. vii. It has led to creation of jobs in the printing press and bookshops,
x. The serpent was cursed to crawl on the ground. viii. It has promoted development of local African Languages.
xi. The ground was cursed. It started producing weeds and thorns (6x1=6 ix. It has led to establishment of formal schools.
marks) x. Translation of the Bible has facilitated research and studies in African
2007 1 c) Identify any four causes of evil in Kenya today? - 4 marks Religious Heritage.
i. Poor upbringing xi. Translation of the Bible has made Africans to incorporate their j
ii. Poor role models. cultural practices into Christian worship.
iii. Influence of drugs and substance abuse. xii. It has led to ecumenical cooperation among Christians in Africa.
iv. Permissiveness in the society. (5x2=10 marks)
v. Disobedience by human beings. 2008 1 c) State five ways through which the church is spreading the word
vi. Lack of guidance and counseling. of God in Kenya today. - 5 marks
vii. Inability to forgive each other. i. By providing Bibles to the people.
viii. Greed for wealth. ii. Through publishing of Christian literature such as magazines.
ix. Poverty iii. By organizing youth camps and seminars.
x. Unemployment (4x1=4 marks) iv. By helping the needy with basic needs.
2008 1 a) Give reasons why the Bible referred to as a Library. - 5 marks v. By building homes for the aged.
i. The Bible is a large collection of many books under one cover: 66 vi. By supporting the teaching of Christian Religious Education.
books. vii. By preaching the word of God.
ii. The books of the Bible are divided into two major divisions; New viii. By sending out missionaries to spread the word of God. (5x1=5 marks)
Testament and Old Testament. 2009 1 a) From the genesis stories of creation, outline seven teachings
iii. The Books were written for different audiences. about human beings - 7 marks
iv. Different styles were used in writing the Bible. i. Human beings are created in the image and likeness of God.
v. The books are arranged chronologically in order from Genesis to ii. Human beings have dominion and authority over creation.
Revelation. iii. They fellowship with God.
vi. The books were written under different circumstances. iv. They are special creation of God.
vii. The books were written at different times in history. v. They have a special place to stay; Garden of Eden.
viii. The Books have different titles. vi. Man and woman provide companionship to each other.
ix. The books were written by different authors. (5x1=5 marks) vii. Human beings are to procreate through marriage.

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 viii. They are to take care of God's creation. xii. Esther (8x1=8 marks
ix. They are to use God's creation for their benefits. 2010 1 b) Give seven reasons why the Bible is referred to as a library. -7
x. They have the ability to make decisions in their lives. marks
xi. They are blessed by God. (7x1=7 marks) i. The books were written by different authors.
2009 1 b) With reference to the story of the fall of human beings in Genesis ii. It has different categories / division of books.
3, State four effects of sin on Adam and Eve - 8 marks iii. The books were written at different times in history
i. They started to die yet they were to live forever. iv. The books address different audiences.
ii. They became afraid of God. They hid when God called him v. The books are systematically arranged in a chronological order.
iii. Man had to work hard and toil to meet his needs. vi. The books were written under different circumstances.
iv. Good relationship between them and God was damaged. vii. The books have different titles.
v. Enmity developed between human beings and the serpent. viii. The books were written using different styles. (7x1=7 marks)
vi. Man was to rule over woman/ inequality between man and woman set 2010 1 c) State five different occasions when Christians use the Bible. -5
in marks
vii. They became ashamed and embarrassed because of their nakedness. i. When preaching the word of God.
viii. Eve was to experience pain when giving birth. ii. Swearing in court.
ix. There developed mistrust between man and woman. (4x2=8 marks) iii. Instructing new converts in Church.
2009 1 c) How does the church help to bring back members who have iv. During Bible study sessions.
fallen from the faith? - 5 marks v. When composing songs.
i. By visiting them. vi. When conducting guidance and counseling.
ii. By forgiving them. vii. When teaching Christian Religious Education.
iii. By evangelizing to them. viii. When conducting religious festivals such as the weddings and Easter
iv. By guiding and counseling them. festivals.
v. By praying for them. ix. When conducting prayers. (5x1=5 marks)
vi. By encouraging them to repent. 2011 1 a) Explain the benefits of learning Christian Religious Education in
vii. By inviting them to church. Secondary Schools in Kenya. - 8 marks
viii. By encouraging them to repent. i. It equips the learner with an understanding of God.
ix. By offering material support to them. (5x1=5 marks) ii. The learner acquires life skills to handle challenges of life.
2010 1 a) Identify eight historical books in the Old Testament. - 8 marks iii. It enables one to understand how to relate with other people.
i. Joshua iv. It enables one to live a new life in Christ.
ii. Judges v. It enables one to respect and appreciate other people's beliefs.
iii. Ruth vi. It enables one to acquire answers to mysteries of life.
st
iv. 1 Samuel vii. It enables one to understand national goals of education
nd
v. 2 Samuel viii. It enables one to acquire basic principles of Christians living.
st
vi. 1 Kings ix. It improves one's understanding and knowledge of the Bible.
nd
vii. 2 Kings x. It leads to employment in various careers. (8x1=8 marks)
st
viii. 1 Chronicles 2011 1 b) Outline the major divisions of both the Old and New Testament. -
ix. 2nd Chronicles 5 marks
x. Ezra i. Law books.
xi. Nehemiah ii. Historical books.

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 iii. Poetic books. ii. They use it for instructing new converts
iv. Gospel books. iii. They use it as a textbook when teaching Christian Religious Education |
v. Epistles (5xl=5marks) iv. It is used as a resource material in search of general knowledge
2011 1 c) Identify seven ways in which the Bible is misused in Kenya today. v. It is used to compose Christian hymns, songs or drama
- 7 marks vi. It is used as a prayer book
i. It is used to take oaths in courts and offices by people who may not vii. It is used for preaching / evangelism
believe in it or are not saying the truth. viii. It is used to explain Christian ethics
ii. It is kept in places associated with evil especially brothels. ix. Used in guidance and counseling
iii. It is used in witchcrafts or cults to mislead people. x. Used to produce Christian literature (6xl=marks)
iv. There is distortion of Biblical teachings through misinterpretation of its 2013 1 a) Identify the five poetic books in the Bible. - 5 marks
verses to fulfill individual demands. i. Job
v. Some people use the Bible as an ordinary textbook (not a holy book) ii. Psalms
vi. Some people are using it to enrich themselves / It is a tool of trade. iii. Proverbs
vii. The Bible is not read for spiritual growth but is kept for display. iv. Ecclesiastes
viii. New translations of the Bible have altered the original meaning of the v. Song of songs (5x1=5 marks)
Bible. 2013 1 b) Outline the translation of the Bible from the original language to
ix. Some people use the Bible to threaten others or administer curses. local languages. - 8 marks
(7x1=7 marks) i. The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew.
2012 1 a) Identify six literary forms used in the writing of the Bible - 6 ii. The New Testament was originally written in Greek.
marks iii. The Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek by the
i. Wise sayings seventy scholars.
ii. Legal expressions / legislative texts iv. The entire Bible was translated from Greek to Latin by a Christian
iii. Prophetic speeches scholar, Jerome.
iv. Philosophical essays v. The Bible was translated directly from Hebrew and Greek into English
v. Prayers by William
vi. Poetry Gospels Songs Epistles/ letters (6x1=6 marks) vi. The Bible was translated into national languages of European countries
2012 1 b) State four reasons why the Bible had to be compiled into its during the period of reformation.
present form by the early Christians. - 8 marks vii. It was translated from German into Kiswahili by Dr. Kraph.
i. The eye witnesses of Jesus Christ were being killed viii. The Bible has been translated into other languages by the Bible Society
ii. In order to prevent information from getting lost of Kenya / individuals. (4x2=8 marks)
iii. Due to expansion of the church / increased number of believers who 2013 1 c) Describe seven ways in which Christians use the Bible to spread
needed material to refer to. the gospel today. - 7 marks
iv. To counter false teachings which were confusing believers i. The Bible is used in composing Christian songs.
v. To ensure that same doctrines were being taught to all believers ii. It is used in writing of Christian literature.
vi. To preserve an orderly account of Biblical themes / avoid distortion iii. The bible is used in preaching the word of God.
vii. To reach out to Jews in Diaspora (4x2=8 marks) iv. The Bible is used in swearing of leaders.
2012 1 c) Outline six ways in which Christians in Kenya use the Bible. - 6 v. It is used in Sunday school teaching and teaching CRE in schools
marks vi. It is used in writing doctrines for different denominations.
i. Christians use the Bible for spiritual growth vii. It is used during guidance and counseling sessions.

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 viii. Used during religious ceremonies such as weddings, baptisms, ii. Good News Bible.
ordination and burial. iii. The Gideon International Version.
ix. Used during Bible study sessions. (7x1=7 marks) iv. The Holy Bible.
2014 1 a) Explain why the Bible is considered as the word of God. - 7 marks v. The New English Bible.
i. The authors were inspired by God/ under the influence of the Holy vi. The Youth Bible.
Spirit. vii. The Amplified Bible.
ii. The Bible reveals God's nature / attributes/ character. viii. The English Bible.
iii. God communicate to human beings through the Bible. ix. New International Version.
iv. Through the Bible, God guides people in their daily lives. x. King James Version.
v. The Bible is a source of moral values. xi. Jerusalem Bible. (6x1= 6 marks)
vi. Part of the Bible was directly written by God Himself, for example, the 2015 1 a) State six similarities in the Biblical stories of creation in Genesis 1
10 commandments. and 2. - 6 marks
vii. It outlines God's plan of salvation which was fulfilled by Jesus Christ. i. In both, God is the sole creator.
viii. It reveals the actions done by God. ii. In both human beings are given responsibilities over God's creation.
ix. It contains predictions and prophecies which eventually came to pass iii. In both accounts, human beings are special beings.
x. It contains words which were directly spoken by God, for example, iv. In both stories, God is the source of life.
"Thus says the Lord..." v. In both, God is self-existent since He existed even before creation.
2014 1 b) State the effects of translating the Bible into African local vi. In both, human beings are portrayed as superior with higher dignity.
languages. - 7 marks vii. In both, God created male and female separately.
i. Bible translation has led to development of the African languages. viii. In both stories, all created things depend on God for sustenance. God
ii. It has led to the spread of the word of God to many people. is portrayed as a provider. (6x1=6 marks)
iii. Through the translations, people are able to apply the Bible teachings 2015 1 b) Identify the responsibilities given to human beings by God in
in their lives. Biblical creation stories. - 8 marks
iv. It has contributed to improved literacy levels among the Africans. i. Human beings are to toil and cultivate the land.
v. It has led to establishment of African independent churches by ii. Human beings protect and take care of the environment
Africans. iii. They should procreate and fill the earth.
vi. It has contributed to expansion of the church / numerical growth of the iv. To give names to God's creation.
church. v. To feed from the plants.
vii. It has led to creation of jobs in the printing press and bookshops. vi. They should obey God's commands.
viii. It promoted development of local African Languages. vii. To marry for companionship.
ix. It has led to establishment of formal schools. viii. Human beings should help each other.
x. Translation of the Bible has facilitated research and studies in African ix. They should subdue and have dominion over the earth. (8x1=8 marks)
Religious Heritage. 2015 1 c) Why should Christians in Kenya take care of the environment? - 6
xi. Translation of the Bible has made Africans to incorporate their cultural marks
practices into Christian worship. i. Christians take care of the environment in obedience to Gods
xii. It has led to ecumenical cooperation among Christians in Africa. (7x1= commands.
7 marks) ii. In order to maintain its beauty.
2014 1 c) List six versions of the Bible used in Kenya today. - 6 marks iii. To preserve and maintain the natural habitat for God's creation.
i. Revised Standard Version. iv. Environment is the source of food, medicine and shelter.

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 v. In order to preserve it for future generation. 2017 1 a) State six similarities found in both Biblical and traditional African
vi. To promote a healthy surrounding. views on creation. - 6 marks
vii. To attract tourists for economic and national development. (6x1=6 i. In both, God’s Work of creation is still ongoing.
mrks) ii. In both creation is the Work of a supreme being/God.
2016 1 a) Name eight historical books in the Old Testament. - 8 marks iii. In both God continues to sustain/provide for His creation.
i. Joshua iv. In both God is the source of life.
ii. Judges v. In both creation was done in an orderly manner.
iii. Ruth vi. In both human beings are at the centre/climax of God’s creation
st
iv. 1 Samuel vii. In both human beings are in charge of the creation/have authority over
nd
v. 2 Samuel creation.
st
vi. 1 Kings viii. In both human beings are to obey/worship the creator.
nd
vii. 2 Kings ix. In both, God created male and female
st
viii. 1 Chronicles 2017 1 b) Outline the responsibilities given to human beings by God from
nd
ix. 2 Chronicles the Biblical creation stories in Genesis l and 2. - 8 marks
x. Ezra i. Human beings are to till/cultivate the land.
xi. Nehemiah ii. Human beings have been given dominion/be in charge of God’s
xii. Esther (8x1=8 marks) creation/subdue//control the earth/creation.
2016 1 b) Outline the reasons why the Bible is referred to as a Library. - 7 iii. Human beings are to guard/protect/conserve/care for the land/keep it.
marks iv. Human beings are to obey God’s command/instructions.
i. It contains a large collection of books under one cover. v. Human beings are to marry for companionship/procreation.
ii. The books were written by different authors. vi. They are to name God’s creation.
iii. It has different categories / division of books. vii. Human beings should help one another/companionship.
iv. The books were written at different times in history viii. Human beings are to procreate/fill the earth/multiply.
v. The books address different audiences. 2017 1 c) Identify eight ways in which people in traditional African
vi. The books are systematically arranged in a chronological order. communities take care of God‘s creation. - 6 marks
vii. The books were written under different circumstances. i. By providing basic needs for themselves/their families.
viii. The books have different titles. ii. They build shelters for domestic animals.
ix. The books were written using different styles. (7x1=7 marks) iii. They welcome/show hospitality to strangers/visitors.
2016 1 c) Give five occasions when Christians use the Bible. - 5 marks iv. They share their resources with the needy.
i. When preaching the word of God. v. By planting/conserving vegetation/protecting vegetation.
ii. Swearing in court vi. They have herbal medicine to treat various ailments for both animals
iii. Instructing new converts in Church and human beings.
iv. During Bible study sessions vii. By preserving habitats for Wild animals.
v. When composing songs viii. By observing personal hygiene.
vi. When conducting guidance and counseling. ix. By protecting water catchment areas.
vii. When teaching Christian Religious Education x. By practicing good farming methods
viii. When conducting religious festivals such as the weddings and Easter| xi. protect/enhance soil fertility/control soil erosion
festivals.
ix. When conducting prayers. (5x1=5 marks)]

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2018 1 a) Outline seven teachings about human beings from the Biblical xi. In both sin/evi1 leads to death
creation accounts. - 7 marks xii. In both there is remedy for sin/evil
i. Human beings are created in the image/likeliness of God 2018 1 c) State six ways in which Christians in Kenya help to restore a
ii. Human beings are co-creators with God/have to continue with God’s member who has fallen into sin. - 6 marks
work of creation i. By praying for/with the member.
iii. Human life is God given/have the breath of life from God ii. Through providing guidance and counseling/advice.
iv. They have the authority/dominion over God’s creation/superior to the iii. Visiting the member/doing a follow up after preaching to him/her.
rest of the creation. iv. By inviting him/her to come to church.
v. Human beings have the ability to think/reason/make v. Forgiving/accepting him/her in church.
choices/decisions/bear consequence vi. Teaching/preaching the word of God to him/her.
vi. Human beings are social beings/need companionship vii. By showing him/ her 1ove/ by providing material/financial support .
vii. They have a duty to take care of God’s creation/till the land/work viii. By encouraging him/her to confess/repent/seek for forgiveness
viii. Human beings are to use other creation for their benefits/transform 2019 1 a) Explain how the learning of Christian Religious Education in
the world for the benefit secondary schools promotes the goal of national development. - 6 marks
ix. They are blessed by God i. Learning Christian Religious Education helps the learner to acquire
x. Man and woman are equal before God virtues/moral values which promotes economic development
xi. Human beings are to procreate through marriage/multiply/fill the ii. Christian Religious Education discourages vices which hinder national
earth development.
xii. They have been created to obey/fellowship with God iii. Learners are equipped with knowledge/skills which lead to career
xiii. The woman was created out of the man’s ribs. development/employment
iv. Learners are taught their duties/responsibilities as human beings/the
2018 1 b) Give seven similarities between traditional African view of evil need to develop the environment/nation
and the Biblical concept of sin. - 7 marks v. Learners are taught the need to use their talents for the development
i. In both cases God/supreme being is good/not the author of sin/evil. of self/others/nation
ii. In both sin/evil is considered/known to interfere with the smooth vi. Christian religious education stresses the importance of peace/love/
running of the community as intended by God/supreme being. unity which contributes to a favourable working environment
iii. In both sin/evil leads/results to alienation of human beings from vii. Learners are taught to appreciate their culture/the cultures of others
God/interferes with good relationship. for national cohesion
iv. Both sin/evil arises from human beings disobedience/greed/selfishness 2019 1 b) State the meaning of the Biblical accounts of creation in Genesis
v. Both sin/evil causes a lot of suffering to human beings. chapters l and 2. - 7 marks
vi. In both sin/evi1 may result from failing in a social/spiritual i. God existed before creation
obligation/duty ii. God is the sole creator of all that exists
vii. In both human beings have the ability to overcome evil by choosing iii. Creation is by the will/power of God/not an accident
good/ right. iv. Creation is a continuous process/reproduction/multiplication
viii. God is the guardian of morality/law/order in both. v. Creation takes place in an orderly/systematic manner
ix. In both sin/evil destroys the relationship among human beings/creates vi. God created everything for a purpose
a situation of fear/mistrust/suspicion. vii. Human beings are to rule over/be in charge of God’s creation
x. In both sin/evil leads to punishment from God/can lead to destruction viii. Human beings are created to live in fellowship with God
of God’s creation through natural calamities. ix. God is concerned about the wellbeing of all creation/provides/sustains

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 x. Everything that God created is good iv. It has led to the development of reading/writing/formal
xi. Marriage is ordained by God/ for companionship education/literacy.
xii. Work / rest is ordained / willed by God v. It led to the establishment of printing press to meet more demands of
2019 1 c) Identify the consequences of sin from the story of the fall of the Bible/publishers).
human beings in Genesis chapter 3. - 7 marks vi. It led to the establishment of Bible societies to translate the Bible into
i. Human beings were separated /alienated from God/ chased out of the more local languages.
Garden of Eden. vii. It has led research into African religious heritage.
ii. Childbirth became a painful experience/woman to experience pain viii. It has created jobs/employment in the printing firms/publishing firms.
during labour/delivery ix. It led to Africans identifying with Christianity.
iii. They became embarrassed / ashamed of their nakedness. x. It led to development of African/local languages.
iv. Death came into the world/human beings started dying xi. It has promoted ecumenical movement among Christians.
v. It led to a distorted relationship among human beings/fear/mistrust/ xii. It made Africans to demand for/assume leadership roles in the church.
misunderstanding xiii. It has led to divisions in the church due to different interpretation of
vi. They became afraid of God / hid when God called them the scriptures
vii. The ground was cursed 2020 1 c) Give, six ways in which Christians in Kenya use ‘the Bible to
viii. The woman became subject to man/inferior spread the Good news. - 6 marks
ix. The snake was cursed to crawl on its belly/eat dust i. Christians read the Bible to others so that they can hear the word of
x. Enmity between human beings and the serpent developed God/church sermons/wedding/burial ceremonies.
xi. Human beings were to s6uggle/toil to meet their needs ii. They use the Bible to instruct/teach new converts.
2020 1 a) List six books of the Bible in the Old Testament referred to as iii. The Bible is used as main text in teaching/learning Christian Religious
books of minor prophets. - 6 marks Education in Institutions.
i. Hosea iv. They use the Bible as a basic reference book in general search of
ii. Joel knowledge/development of Christian Religious syllabus.
iii. Obadiah v. Christians use the Bible to compose Christian
iv. Jonah songs/hymns/drama/films.
v. Micah vi. They used the Bible when writing Christian
vi. Nahum books/magazines/pamphlets/banners.
vii. Habakkuk vii. It is used during discussions/Bible study/fellowship.
viii. Zephaniah viii. Prayers/faith healing.
ix. Haggai ix. It is used for guidance and counselling.
x. Zechariah x. Through use of electronic media/science and technology.
xi. Malachi xi. Distributing Bibles/Christian literature.
2020 1 b) Outline the effects of the translation of the Bible into African 2021 (a) Reasons why Christian Religious Education is taught in Secondary
languages. - 8 marks schools in Kenya (7mks)
i. The scriptures have been written in languages that African can i. The teaching of Christian Religious Education helps the learners to acquire
understand. skills to handle challenges in life.
ii. It has enabled further spread of Christianity/has led to more converts. ii. It leads to employment/acts as a bridge to further studies/ it’s a career
iii. It has led to rise of African Independent Churches/schools. subject.
iii. It help the learner to appreciate the Christian faith and that of others

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 iv. To equip the leaner with principles of Christian way of living/moral values ii. In the first account man and woman were created at the same time
v. The teaching of Christian Religious Education provides answers to some life while in the second account man was created first and the woman was
question/mysteries of life created later/ woman was created out of man’s rib.
vi. It contributes to the achievement of the national goals of education iii. In the first account of creation, the man and woman were created for
vii. It enables the leaners to have a better understanding of God/spiritual growth. procreation whereas in the second account they were created for
viii. It helps the leaner to appreciate the environment of God’s creation/conserve companionship.
the environment. iv. In the first account, creation was completed in six days while in the
ix. It helps the learner to appreciate his/her culture and that of others. second there is no mention of days.
2021 (b) Outline the translation of the Bible from the original language to local v. In the first account human beings were given the whole earth to
languages. - 8 marks subdue while in the second account they were limited to the Garden of
i. The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew language Eden.
ii. The New Testament was originally written in Greek. vi. In the first account, God gave names to what He created while in the
iii. The Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek/ Septuagint. second account the man was made to give names to what God had
iv. The entire Bible was translated from Greek to Latin by Jerome/Vulgate created.
v. The Bible was translated into national languages of European countries during vii. In the first account God rested after completing His work while in the
the period of reformation English/Dutch /Scandinavian/German second account there is no mention of rest.
vi. The New Testament was translated from English to Kiswahili by Dr. Ludwig viii. In the first account there is no mention of tree of knowledge of good
Kraph. and evil while in the second account there is mention of tree of
vii. The Bible has been translated various local languages by the Bible Society of knowledge of good and evil/ tree of life.
Kenya ix. In the first account creation is evaluated as good while in the second
viii. The translation of the Bible into local languages in Kenya is still ongoing account there is no mention of goodness/ God said it is not good for
the man to be alone.
2021 (c) Why some Christians find it difficult to read the Bible (7mks) x. In the first creation account human beings were created last while in
i. Some Christians do not read the Bible because of laziness the second account they were created first.
ii. Some Christians do have the Bible/may not afford to buy xi. In the first creation account God created in unity with other two while
iii. Some Christians do not value the Bible/ consider it as an ordinary book in the second creation account he was alone.
iv. Some Christians do not create time to read the Bible/Busy schedules xii. In the first creation account the spirit of God hovered over the waters
v. Some Christians are unable to read the bible due to illiteracy while in the second account there is no mention of the spirit.
vi. Some Christians fear reading the Bible because it rebukes/ expose their xiii. Creation order in mentioned in the first creation account but not given
sins in the second account. (7x1= 7mks)
vii. Some Christians do not believe in certain biblical teachings/
doctrines/ideologies 2022 b) Outline six Attributes of God from the stories of creation in Genesis 1
viii. Negative peer influence and 2. (6 marks)
ix. Some Christians lace role models i. God is the creator/ source of life.
ii. He is powerful /omnipotent/almighty.
2022 (a) State seven differences in the two accounts of creation in Genesis 1 iii. God is the provider/ sustainer.
and 2. (7 marks) iv. God is holy.
i. In the first account of creation, God created things out of nothing/ the v. He is orderly/ organized.
word/while in the second account he used substances/ dust. vi. God is a moral God.

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 vii. He is self-existent. Pre-existent. - God is good/ perfect. xi. Through Abraham all the families of the earth will be blessed. (6x1=6
viii. God is loving/ Caring. - God is a worker. marks)
ix. God is eternal/ everlasting. - God is Spirit. 2006 2 b) what problems did Moses face as he led the Israelites during the
x. He is everywhere/ omnipresent exodus? - 10 marks
i. Lack of water for the Israelites.
2022 (c) Give seven ways in which Christians continue with God's work of ii. Lack of food for Israelites.
creation today. (7 marks) iii. Complains/ grumbling by the Israelites
- Christians continue with God's work of creation through procreation/ bringing iv. The refusal of Israelites to listen to God.
up of children. v. Settling of disputes among the people.
- By caring for/ conserving the environment. vi. Travelling in a hostile and harsh desert conditions.
- Christians protect/ advocate for human rights/ freedoms. vii. Lack of faith in God from the people.
- By using their creative talents to invent/ be artistic. viii. Threats from the Egyptian army.
- By using scientific knowledge to innovate/ improve human/ animal/ plant life. ix. Bites from snakes during the journey.
- Through creation/ provision of job opportunities. x. Attack from warring tribes on the desert. (5x2=10 marks)
- Through provision of medical facilities/ services. 2006 2 c) Give reasons why circumcision was important to the Jews -4
- By establishing educational institutions offering training on various skills. marks
- By helping the needy/ caring for the less fortunate in the society. i. Circumcision was the mark of identity for all the Jews as God's chosen
- Providing basic needs for the family. (7x1=7mks) people.
ii. It was a physical sign that Abraham and his descendants had entered
into a covenant with God.
QUESTION NUMBER: 2 iii. It was an outward sign of their inner faith in God.
iv. It was a physical identity for all male children.
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL v. The covenant served as a constant reminder of their duty to safeguard
the covenant made with God.
vi. Circumcision was a physical sign that sealed the covenant between
2006 2 a) State the promises that God made to Abraham - 6 marks God and Abraham.
i. God promised to bless him vii. It was a sign of obedience to God.
ii. He promised to give him as many descendants as stars. He will make viii. Circumcision served as an assurance of God's blessings that God had
his name great. promised Abraham and his descendants.
iii. He will bless those who bless him and curse those who curse him. ix. Through circumcision, one became a member of Jewish community
iv. He will protect him. and Abraham's family. (4x1=4 marks)
v. He will give him a son. 2007 2 a) State the characteristics of the covenant between God and
vi. To give him land to dwell in Abraham. - 5 marks
vii. He will make Abraham's descendants a great nation. i. It was unconditional covenant since the parties involved were unequal.
viii. He will make Abraham's descendants be enslaved for 400 years in a ii. It was sealed through the sacrifice of animals.
foreign land. However, God would deliver them back to their land with iii. It had an outward sign-circumcision.
great possessions iv. It was between two parties: God and Abraham.
ix. He will make some of His descendant's kings. v. There were promises made by God.
x. He will let Abraham live for long and die in peace.

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 vi. The covenant was permanent since it bound all the Jews and their vii. They burnt all the leftovers of the meal.
generations. viii. They collected jewellery from Egyptian women. (5x1=5 marks)
vii. The covenant was binding since no one was to break it. (5x1=5 marks) 2008 2 b) Give five reasons why the exodus was important to the Israelites.
2007 2 b) Explain the importance of God’s covenant with Abraham. -10 - 10 marks
marks i. It marked the end of their suffering and oppression on Egypt.
i. God established a personal relationship with Abraham ii. It signified that Israelites were God's chosen people to lead them out
ii. It showed that Abraham had faith and obedience in God. of Egypt.
iii. Through this covenant, God initiated a plan of salvation for mankind. iii. It was a fulfillment of the promises God had made to Abraham.
iv. Through the covenant, Abraham and his descendants were assured of iv. Through it, the Israelites recognized the power of God.
God's protection. v. It strengthened and united the Israelites as one nation.
v. The covenant with Abraham marked the beginning of a lasting vi. It taught them that God needed obedience from human beings.
relationship between human beings and God. vii. It made them to understand the nature of God as provider and
vi. The covenant showed God's commitment to the fulfillment of the protector.
promises He made to him. viii. It confirmed to the Israelites that Moses was a chosen leader by God.
vii. It confirmed Abraham as God's choice through whom all nations shall ix. Through it, they received the Ten Commandments which guided them
receive salvation. in their relationship. (5x2=10 marks)
viii. Descendants of Abraham were promised the land of Canaan. 2008 2 c) How do Christians show their respect for God? - 5 marks
ix. It showed that God was in control of Abraham's life. i. They set aside a day of worship.
x. The covenant signifies God's readiness to die in the person of His son, ii. They do not mention God's name in vain.
Jesus, to fulfill the covenant. (5x2=10 marks) iii. They pray to him.
2007 2 c) What lessons do Christians learn from the incident when Abraham iv. Live exemplary lives/role models.
was willing to sacrifice his son Isaac? - 5 marks v. By giving offerings.
i. Christians should obey God. vi. They praise God for all the wonders and miracles.
ii. Christians should have faith in God. vii. Taking care of the environment.
iii. They should be patient and wait upon God/should not give up. viii. Looking after the needy.
iv. They should be prepared to face difficult situations. ix. By spreading the word of God. (5x1=5 marks
v. They should be ready to give up everything for God/be totally 2009 2 a) Explain four characteristics of a covenant demonstrated in the
committed to God. covenant Between God and Abraham. - 8 marks
vi. God blesses those who are ready to serve him. i. It contains promises. God promised what he would do for Abraham.
vii. They should rely on God's guidance. ii. The covenant had an outward sign. Circumcision of Abraham and all his
viii. They should involve family members in worship. (5x1=5 marks) descendants.
2008 2 a) Outline the activities carried out by the Israelites on the night of iii. The covenant was sealed through the blood of the animal.
the Passover. - 5 marks iv. The covenant had witnesses. God as the sole initiator rasped through
i. Every man chose a lamb or a young goat for his family. the sacrifice as the witness to the covenant.
ii. The chosen animal was slaughtered. v. The covenant was binding and had obligations. It bound Abraham, all
iii. Blood was smeared on two door posts. his descendants and the coming generations. No one was supposed to
iv. The slaughtered animal was roasted break it.
v. Israelites ate the unleavened bread with bitter herbs vi. It was made between two parties who entered into mutual agreement;
vi. They ate while fully dressed for the journey. Abraham and God. (4x2=8marks)

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2009 2 b) Give seven similarities between the Jewish and traditional iii. They sang songs.
African Practice of circumcision - 7 marks iv. They said prayers.
i. In both, it promotes one into full membership of the community v. They held festivals.
ii. In both, it is a mark of identification of a person to a community vi. They gave offerings.
iii. In both cases circumcision has a religious significance. vii. They observed the Sabbath day.
iv. In both, it is carried out on male children. viii. They burnt incense/burnt offerings. (5x1= 5 marks)
v. In both cases those who refuse to be circumcised are considered as 2010 2 c) Identify seven challenges that Christians face while practicing
outcasts. their faith in Kenya today, - 7 marks
vi. In both cases, it was carried out in a special or sacred place. i. The emergence of splinter groups within the church.
vii. In both cases, special religious leaders carry out the operation. ii. The emergence of cults which practice ungodly activities.
viii. In both cases, the rite is carried out from one generation to another. iii. The emphasis of materialism by the churches.
ix. In both cases it involves the cutting of the foreskin. (7x1=7 marks) iv. Lack of role models among the leaders.
2009 2 c) Identify five lessons that Christians learn about God from the call v. Open conflict among/between the leaders and the church members/
of Abraham - 5 marks authoritarianism.
i. God is the protector. vi. Misuse of resources by the leaders.
ii. God blesses and curses vii. Rise of state-church conflict e.g 2010 constitutional article that allowed
iii. God demand obedience from human beings. for abortion if the life of the mother is endangered.
iv. God is a spirit. viii. Confusion among Christians due to different interpretation of the
v. God is the provider. Bible.
vi. God is caring ix. Church leaders don't have time for all members/discrimination.
vii. God makes and fulfills promises x. Negative effects of mass media/modern technology.
viii. God guides people. xi. Permissiveness/moral decadence/drug abuse. (7x1=7 marks)
ix. God is the controller of the world. (5x1=5 marks) 2011 2 a) Describe how God prepared the Israelites for the making of the
2010 2 a) State four ways in which God demonstrated His concern for the covenant at Mt. Sinai (Exodus 19). (8 marks
Israelites during the Exodus. 8 marks  God told Moses to remind the people of Israel of how he had brought them
i. He made a passage for them in the Red Sea. out of Egypt.
ii. He provided them with manna.  God told Moses that He wanted to make Israel a kingdom of priests.
iii. He provided them with quails.  Moses called all the elders and told them what God had said.
iv. He provided them with water from the rock  God told Moses that he wanted the Israelites to obey him
v. He gave them Ten Commandments.  The Israelites promised to do all that the Lord had said.
vi. He enabled them to defeat their enemies such as Amalekites.  God promised to come down and meet with people on the third day.
vii. He provided a cloud to lead them during the day.  People were instructed to consecrate themselves by washing their
viii. He provided a pillar of fire to lead them in darkness, garments.
ix. He provided them with leaders such as Moses, Joshua and Aaron.  People were to abstain from sexual relationships
(4x2=8 marks)  On the third day, there was a thick cloud, a loud trumpet blast and an
2010 2 b) How did the Israelites worship God when they were in the earthquake on the mountain.
wilderness? - 5 marks
 Moses brought people out of the camp to meet God. People stood at the
i. They build alters.
foot of the mountain. (4x2 = 8 marks)
ii. They offered sacrifices.

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2011 2 b) Give four reasons that made the Israelites to break the covenant  Then the lord made a covenant with Abraham and further promised him
while at Mt. Sinai (Exodus 32:1 -35). - 4 marks that will give his descendants land. (7x1 = 7 marks)
i. Moses, their leader delayed to come down from the mountain. 2012 2 b) Identify four differences between the Jewish and the
ii. Aaron who had been left in charge of the people was a weak leader. traditional African practices of Circumcision - 8 marks
iii. People demanded for a god whom they could see. i. Traditional African circumcision prepared initiates for adulthood
iv. They were influenced by the Egyptian way of worshipping many gods. responsibilities while among the Jews, initiates were too young for any
v. Moses teaching and influence had vanished from people's minds. responsibilities
vi. People had lost faith in their invisible God. (4x1=4 marks) ii. In Jewish Community, circumcision is for male only whereas in African
2011 2 c) What do Christians learn about the nature of God from the practices, it is for male and female.
Exodus? - 8 marks iii. Among the Jews, circumcision is performed on babies of eight days old
i. He is a moral God. whereas in traditional African communities, it is done for adolescents.
ii. God is patient. iv. In African communities, circumcision is carried out during specific
iii. God is Holy. seasons while among Jews, It is continuous.
iv. God is caring. v. It is a communal practice among African communities, but only
v. God provides. members of the immediate family participate among Jews.
vi. He is a God of victory. vi. Circumcision is a strictly religious ritual among the Jews whereas
vii. He is caring among Africans, it is both a religious cultural, and religious ritual.
viii. He is powerful. vii. Jewish circumcision is a test of faith and commitment to God.
ix. He is the protector. However, African circumcision is a test of courage, bravery and
x. He punishes those who disobey him. (8x1=8 marks) endurance.
2012 2 a) Describe the covenant ceremony between God and Abraham in viii. Among the Jews there was no seclusion period after circumcision while
Genesis 15: 1-19. - 7 marks seclusion period was compulsory among Africans. (4x2=8 marks)
 Abraham doubted the fulfillment of a promise for a son. God assured him 2012 2 c) Give five reasons why church leaders take vows before starting
that he would have as many descendants as stars and that his son will be their mission. - 5 marks
his heir. i. To receive God's blessings.
 Abraham wanted an assurance that God would fulfill all the promises he ii. To get acknowledgment from the people being served.
had made to him. iii. It reminds the leader to stick to church regulation and mission
 God asked him to bring a heifer, a ram and a she-goat, each three years old, iv. It enables the leader to get authority for leading from God.
a turtle dove and a young pigeon. v. To emulate the Biblical way of commissioning servants of God.
 He then cut the animals into halves but not the birds and placed them in vi. It show's one's willingness and commitment to serve.
two rows. He chased away the birds of prey that targeted the carcasses. vii. It gives the leader courage to do his work (6x1=6 marks)
 Towards evening, Abraham fell into a deep sleep and the Lord appeared to 2013 2 a) Describe the incident when Abraham was willing to sacrifice his
Him in a vision. son Isaac. (Genesis 22: 1-19) - 6 marks
 In the vision, God promised him that his descendants will be strangers in a  God told Abraham to take his only son to the land of Moriah to offer Him as
foreign land and will be slaves but will leave that land after 4 00 years. He a sacrifice.
also promised that Abraham will live to a ripe age, die in peace and be  Abraham took His son, two servants and wood for burnt offering. They
buried. arrived at the place after a three day's journey. Abraham commanded his
 After sunset, God then passed between the sacrificial animals in form of a servants to remain behind as he and Isaac went up to worship.
smoking fire pot and a flaming torch.

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 He took Isaac, the firewood, and the knife, went up. Isaac asked His father ix. Through different titles such as apostle, evangelist and bishop. (6x1= 6
where the lamb for offering would come from. Abraham told| Isaac that marks)
God would provide the lamb for a burned offering. 2014 2 a) Describe the call of Moses (Exodus 3:1-22). - 8 marks
 When they arrived at the place God had commanded, Abraham built an  Moses was looking after his father-in-law's sheep at Mt. Horeb Sinai.
altar. -He bound Isaac and laid him before being stopped by the angel of  An angel of the Lord appeared to him in a burning bush which was not
the Lord. getting consumed.
 He turned back and saw a ram, which he offered instead of His son. He  Moses turned to see the bush. God called out his name.
called the name of the place “the Lord will provide".  Moses responded to God by saying, "Here I am".
 The angel appeared to Abraham a second time and gave Him promises  God commanded Moses to remove his shoes because the place was
because of his obedience. standing was holy. God revealed Himself to Moses as the God of his
 Abraham returned with His men to Beersheba. (6x1=6 marks) ancestors.
2013 2 b) Give four differences between the Jewish and traditional African  Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
practices of circumcision. - 8 marks  God told Moses that he had seen the suffering of his people in Egypt and
i. In Jewish Community, circumcision is for male only whereas in African had come to deliver them. He wanted Pharaoh to release the Israelites.
practices, it is for male and female.  Moses was reluctant to be sent to Pharaoh for He had killed an Egyptian
ii. Among the Jews, circumcision is performed on babies of eight days old and was afraid of Pharaoh.
whereas in traditional African communities, it is done for adolescents.  Moses sought to know the name of God who was sending him.
iii. In African communities, circumcision is carried out during specific  God revealed His name as “I am who I am".
seasons while among Jews, it is continuous.  Moses was told to go with elders to pharaoh and ask for release of
iv. It is a communal practice among African communities, but only Israelites.
members of the immediate family participate among Jews.  God gave him two signs which he was going to use to perform miracle First
v. Circumcision is a strictly religious ritual among the Jews whereas is the rod which turned into a snake when it was dropped the ground.
among Africans, it is both a cultural and religious ritual. Second is his hand which was affected with leprosy after pulling it out of
vi. Jewish circumcision is a test of faith and commitment to God. the pocket. (8x1= 8 marks
However, African circumcision is a test of courage, bravery and 2014 2 b) Outline seven plagues that God used to demonstrate his power
endurance. in Egypt. - 7 marks
vii. Among the Jews there was no seclusion period after circumcision while i. The waters of Egypt turned into flood.
seclusion period was compulsory among Africans. (4x2=8 marks) ii. The land of Egypt was covered by frogs.
2013 2 c) State six ways in which Christians identify themselves in the iii. The dust of Egypt became gnats.
society today. - 6 marks iv. Swarms of flies covered the land.
i. Christians wear specific design of clothes. v. There was death of all Egyptian livestock.
ii. They abstain from eating some kinds of food. vi. There was an outbreak of boils on human beings / animals.
iii. They make personal testimonies. vii. The plague of severe hailstorm.
iv. They own specific Bible versions and other Christian literature. viii. There was swarm of locusts.
v. They wear the rosary and badges ix. Darkness covered the land of Egypt for three days.
vi. They have special way of greeting or salutation, for instance, praise the x. Death of the first born sons of the Egyptians. (8x1= 8 marks)
Lord.
vii. Use of different church architectural church designs.
viii. Through their way of worship.

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2014 2 c) Give five reasons why Christians are commanded not to steal. 2015 2 c) Identify seven examples of covenants made in Kenya today. 7
(5marks) marks
i. Christians should trust in God to provide for their needs. i. Marriage
ii. So as to show respect for other people's property ii. Baptism.
iii. Christians should work hard to acquire their needs / laziness is iii. Peace agreements.
discouraged. iv. Trade treaties
iv. Christians should love others and not make them suffer. v. Land agreements.
v. By not stealing, they uphold their dignity as Christians. vi. Employment contracts.
vi. So that they can act as good role models. vii. Oath of office/ allegiance.
vii. Christians are expected to be contented/ satisfied with what they have viii. Ordination of church leaders
viii. In order to practice self-control / righteousness. (5x1=5 marks) 2016 2 a) Narrate Abraham's attempt to sacrifice his son Isaac. (Genesis
2015 2 a) Describe the call of Abraham (Genesis 12: 1-9). - 8 marks 22:1-19) - 6 marks
 God told Abraham to leave his country, Haran, and go to the land that God  God told Abraham to take his only son to the land of Moriah to offer Him as
would show him. a sacrifice.
 God promised Abraham that he would make him a great nation, bless him,  Abraham took His son, two servants and wood for burnt offering.
and make him great and a source of blessing.  They arrived at the place after a three day's journey.
 Abraham left the land of Haran as he had been instructed by God.  Abraham commanded his servants to remain behind as he and Isaac went
 Abraham was 75 years old when he was called. up to worship.
 He took his wife Sarai, Lot his brother's son, all their possessions, servants  He took Isaac, firewood, knife and went on the mountain.
and set forth to the unknown land.  Isaac asked His father where the lamb for His offering would come \ from.
 They passed through Canaan to the place called Shechem. Abraham told him that God would provide the lamb for a burnt offering.
 God appeared to Abraham in this place; hence he built an altar Shechem  When they arrived at the place God had commanded, Abraham built an
 God promised to give the land of Canaan to descendants of Abraham altar. He bound Isaac and laid him on the altar, but the angel of j the Lord
 From Shechem, Abraham moved to a land called Bethel where he built an stopped him.
altar and worshipped God. (8x1 = marks)  He turned back and saw a ram, which he offered instead of His son. He
2015 2 b) Explain the characteristics of a covenant. - 5 marks called the name of the place; the Lord will provide.
i. An agreement between two or more parties. The individuals or parties  The angel appeared to Abraham a second time and gave Him promises
must agree for a covenant to be valid. because of his obedience.
ii. Promises. The parties involved exchange vows and make promises  Abraham returned with His men to Beersheba. (6x1=6 marks)
each other. 2016 2 b) What are the differences between the Jewish and Traditional
iii. Witnesses. There are both spiritual and physical witnesses when African practices of circumcision? - 8 marks
making a covenant. i. In Jewish Community, circumcision is for male only whereas in African
iv. Sign. This is the outward mark reminding the parties of their practices, it is for male and female.
obligations to each other. ii. Among the Jews, circumcision is performed on babies of 8 days old
v. Ceremony. There are rituals performed to seal the covenant. whereas in traditional African communities, it is done for adolescents.
vi. Consequences/conditions. Each party is expected to honour their part iii. In African communities, circumcision is carried out during specific
of the covenant failure leads to consequence. seasons while among Jews, it is continuous.
vii. Seal. There should be a binding rite. iv. It is a communal practice among African communities, but only
members of the immediate family participate among Jews.

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 v. Circumcision is a strictly religious ritual among the Jews whereas 2017 2 b) Identify seven ways in which God demonstrated His love for the
among Africans, it is both a religious and cultural ritual. Israelites during the Exodus. - 7 marks
vi. Jewish circumcision is a test of faith and commitment to God. i. God made a passage/way in the Red sea for the Israelites to cross.
However, African circumcision is a test of courage, bravery and ii. He provided them with food/manna/quails/bread.
endurance. iii. He provided them with Water/purified the bitter water for them.
vii. Among the Jews there was no seclusion period after circumcision while iv. God gave them the Ten Commandments to guide them.
seclusion period was compulsory among Africans. (4x2=8 marks) v. God defeated their enemies/Amalekites.
2016 2 c) Give six ways through which Christians portray themselves in vi. He provided them with a cloud to lead them during the day/pillar of
society today. - 6 marks fire at night
i. Christians wear specific design of clothes. vii. He provided them with leaders.
ii. They abstain from eating some kinds of food viii. God drowned the Egyptian chariots in the Red Sea.
iii. They make personal testimonies ix. He entered into a covenant relationship with them and He forgave
iv. They own specific Bible versions and other Christian literature. them when they broke the covenant/renewed the covenant with God.
v. They wear the rosary, badges and rings. 2017 2 c) Give six lessons Christians learn from the incident in which the
vi. They have special way of greeting or salutation, for instance, praise the Israelites broke the covenant at Mount Sinai. - 6 marks
Lord. i. Christians acknowledge that God is more powerful than other gods/
vii. Use of different church architectural church designs idols.
viii. Through their way of worship ii. Christians should be patient.
ix. Through different titles such as apostle, evangelist and bishop (6x1= 6 iii. Christians should be merciful/show mercy to others
marks) iv. Leaders should take their roles seriously/should be responsible.
2017 2 a) Describe how the Israelites broke the covenant they had made v. Christians learn that disobedience can result into suffering
with God at Mount Sinai (Exodus 32: l-30) - 7 marks punishment.
 Moses had gone up the mountain to seek God’s guidance/instructions. vi. They learn that they should worship God alone Christians should
 Aaron had been left in charge of the people. condemn evil.
 Moses delayed in returning/the people became impatient. vii. They should exercise self-control.
 Israelites asked Aaron to make them a god that would lead them. viii. Christians should repent/ask for forgiveness/forgive others.
 Aaron yielded to the demands of the Israelites/made them a golden calf to ix. Christian leaders should intercede for the people.
worship. 2018 2 a) Give five reasons why the Israelites broke the covenant they had
 Aaron built an altar at the foot of the mountain/put the calf. made with God while at Mount Sinai (Exodus 32:1-35). -5 marks
 The people worshiped the calf/made sacrifices to it. i. Moses their leader had taken too long on the mountain.
 God was angered and set to destroy the Israelites. ii. Aaron, who had been left in charge of the peoples was weak/was easily
 Moses interceded on behalf of the people. manipulated.
iii. The Israelites wanted a god they could see.
 When Moses came down from the mountain he was angry with the
iv. The Israelites were still influenced by the Egyptian way of
people/broke the stone tablet on which the Ten Commandments were
worship/idolatry
written.
v. The teaching/influence of Moses had vanished from the people’s
 Israelite’s were given a chance to choose between following Yahweh or
minds.
golden calf.
vi. They lacked faith in God
 Those who followed the golden calf were destroyed/killed.
vii. They lacked knowledge of the nature of God

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2018 2 b) Identify eight conditions that God gave to the Israelites during 2019 2 a) State six commandments which guide on the relationships
the renewal of the Sinai covenant (Exodus 34:1-35). -8 marks among human beings. - 6 marks
i. The Israelites were to obey God’s commands. i. Honour your father and your mother
ii. The Israelites were not to make any covenant treaties with other ii. You shall not kill
tribes. iii. You shall not commit adultery
iii. The Israelites were to destroy/break down the altars of their iv. You shall not steal
gods/smash their sacred stones/places of Idol worship. v. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor
iv. They were not to worship any other god but Yahweh. vi. You shall not covet your neighbour’s property
v. They were to keep the feast of unleavened bread. 2019 2 b) Identify eight lessons Christians learn from the incident when the
vi. The Israelites were to dedicate all their first born male children/those Israelites worshipped a golden calf while at Mount Sinai. - 8 marks
of their flock to God. i. Christians learn that they should worship God alone
vii. The Israelites were to rest on the seventh day. ii. Christians should lead righteous lives
viii. They were to offer to God the first fruits of their harvests/observe the iii. Christians should not represent God in any kind of image/avoid any
feast of weeks. form of idolatry
ix. All the male Israelites were to appear before the Lord God three times iv. Christians should intercede for others
in a year. v. Christians should be firm in decision making/not to be swayed/misled
x. They were not to offer the blood of the sacrifices with leaven. easily/avoid peer pressure
xi. They were not to intermarry. vi. Christians should have faith/trust God
xii. They were not to make graven images/idols. vii. Christians should repent their sins/ask for forgiveness/ forgive others
2018 2 c) State the importance of the Ten Commandments to Christians. - 7 viii. Christians should respect those in authority/appointed by God
marks ix. Christians should be patient
i. The Ten Commandments safeguards Christians against idol x. Christians should obey God’s instructions/teachings
worship/promotes the worship of one true God. xi. Christians should exercise self-control/ avoid anger
ii. They help Christians to have the right relationship with God/warn xii. Christians should condemn evil.
against indulging themselves in practices that drives them away from 2019 2 c) List six forms of worship that were practiced by the Israelites in
God/not to misuse God’s name. the wilderness which are found in Christian worship today. - 6 marks
iii. They remind Christians to keep the Sabbath day/celebrate the Sabbath i. Obeying the ten commandments
day by carrying out acts of charity/fellowshipping with one another. ii. Singing/dancing in church
iv. en parents and iii. Praying to God
iv. Celebration of festivals/feasts
human life. v. The observing the Sabbath
v. They act as a guide to Christian living/safeguard marriages/bring vi. Giving offerings/tithes
stability in families. vii. Building places of worship/ dedication/ conservation
vi. The Ten Commandments help to protect people’s property/condemn viii. Burning of incense.
all forms of theft. 2020 2 a) State the activities carried out by the Israelites on the night of
vii. They help to teach the virtue of honesty/self-control. the Passover. - 6 marks
viii. Ten Commandments promotes good relationship with other i. The Israelites slaughtered the animals/goats/sheep.
people/enhance peaceful co-existence. ii. They smeared blood on their door post/frames.
iii. They roasted the animals whole.

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 iv. They ate unleavened bread/bitter herbs/roasted meat. xi. Hostility/insecurity/sickness.
v. They ate while standing/in a hurry. xii. Job commitment/busy schedules.
vi. They dressed/packed their belongings. xiii. Permissiveness in the society.
vii. They burnt the leftovers. 2021 (a) The covenant ceremony between God and Abraham in Genesis 15:9-
viii. They remained in their houses/indoors. 17 (6mks)
ix. They chose a lamb-one year old without blemish. - Abraham doubted the fulfillment of the promise for a son. God assured him
x. They borrowed jewelry from the Egyptians. that he would have as many descendants as stars and that his son will be his
2020 2 b) State six ways through which Abraham demonstrated his faith in heir.
God. - 6 marks - Abraham wanted an assurance that God would fulfill all the promises he had
i. He obeyed God’s call/left his homeland to unknown land. made to him.
ii. He agreed to enter into a covenant relationship with God. - God told Abraham to provide a heifer 3years old, a she goat 3 years old, a
iii. Abraham was willing to sacrifice his only son/Isaac. ram 3 years old, a turtle dove and a young pigeon for the ceremony.
iv. He accepted to be circumcised together with his household. - Abraham cut the animals into two but He did not cut the birds into two.
v. Abraham built altars for God at Shechem and Bethel. - He laid the carcasses side by side in two rows
vi. He agreed to change his name and that of his wife. - When the birds of prey came to eat the carcasses, Abraham drove them
vii. Abraham believed in the promises given to him by God. away
viii. He abandoned the worship of idols/started worshipping the true God. - The sun was going down, Abraham fell into a deep sleep/thick darkness
ix. He offered animals birds for sacrifice. came over him
2020 2 c) Explain why some people in Kenya find it difficult to worship - God made promises to Abraham that his descendants will be sojourners in a
God. - 8 marks foreign land and will be slaves but will leave that land after 400 years. He also
i. Some people have a lot of wealth/affluence/power/pride, therefore promised that Abraham will live to a ripe age, die in peace and be buried.
they see no need of worshipping God. - After sunset, God then passed through the sacrificial animals in form of a
ii. Other people live in abject poverty hence they lose hope in God. smoking fire pot and a flaming torch.
iii. Some people are discouraged by bad examples set by some
members/leaders/poor role models. 2021 (b) Characteristics of a covenant demonstrated in the covenant between
iv. Influence by modern technology whereby some people spend more God and Abraham (8mks)
time on their phones/computer hence have no time to worship i. Participants - A covenant is made between two parties who enter into a
God/science/technology providing solutions to many problems. mutual agreement God and Abraham were the two parties that entered into
v. Constant conflicts in some churches/leadership wrangles people from a mutual agreement.
worshipping God. ii. Ceremony/Ritual – Abraham offered animals/birds as a sacrifice
vi. Some people have no faith in God/spiritual matters therefore they iii. Sign- Abraham was to circumcise himself/ male children/descendants. He also
cannot worship God/no knowledge of God. changed his name.
vii. Some people give up on worshipping God when their needs are not iv. Consequences- The covenant between God and Abraham was not to be
met/prayers are not answered. broken because Abraham was blameless.
viii. Some people do not worship God because they believe in other v. Witnesses – God was the sole initiator of the covenant. God passed through
forces/powers of darkness/witchcraft/devil worship. the sacrifice as a witness to the covenant.
ix. Some people fear to be ridiculed/mocked by their friends/peers hence vi. Seal – it was sealed through the blood of the animals
fail to worship God. vii. Promises – God made promises to Abraham
x. Ethnic differences/discrimination.

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2021 (c) How Abraham benefited from the covenant he made with God (6mks) 2022 ( c ) Give seven reasons why some Christians find it difficult to serve
- Abraham became an ancestor of the chosen people God.(7 marks)
- Through the covenant, Abraham became the source of blessings to all nations i. Some Christians are disappointed by Church leaders who fail to set
- Abraham became a friend of God/personal relationship with God good examples/ being role models.
- Abraham became famous/his name became great ii. Poverty/ lack of basic needs.
- Abraham was blessed with a son/Father of nations iii. Permissiveness in the society/ Moral decadence.
- Abraham descendants were promised the land of Canaan iv. Overdependence on science and technology.
- Abraham started worshipping the true God/ abandoned idolatry v. Constant conflicts/ rivalry in the church.
- Abraham received protection from God vi. Negative influence from peers/ Peer Pressure.
- Abraham enjoyed long life. vii. Fear of ridicule/ rejection/ mockery
viii. Emergence of cults/ sects.
2022. (a) Describe the covenant making ceremony between God and the ix. Too much wealth/ greed for materialism/ pride.
Israelites at Mount Sinai (Exodus 24: 1-8). (6marks) x. Lack of time/ busy schedules.
- Moses came down from the mountain and told the people all the words of xi. Discrimination based on gender/ ethnicity/ social status/
the Lord. denomination. - Language/ cultural barriers hinder some Christians
- The people agreed to obey what they had been commanded. from serving God. - Insecurity/ hostility.
- Moses wrote all the words of the Lord in a book. xii. Poor infrastructure.
- Moses built an altar at the foot of the mountain/ set up twelve pillars to xiii. Poor health. (7x 1=7 marks)
represent the twelve tribes of Israel.
- He sent young men to sacrifice oxen as burnt/peace offerings to God.
- Moses took half of the blood and put it in basins/ poured the other half on
the altar.
- He took the book of the covenant and read the laws to the people.
QUESTION NUMBER: 3
- The people promised to abide by the laws of the Lord. KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL
- Moses poured the remaining half of the blood on to the people.
- He told them that the blood had united them with God/sealed.
2022 (b) Identify seven ways in which the Israelites worshipped God while in
2006 3 a) Give reasons why the Israelites demanded for a king - 8 marks
the wilderness. (7marks)
i. Samuel was old and unable to rule Israel. Israelites feared that he
- The Israelites built sacred places of worship/ tabernacle/ tent of meeting.
would die.
- They prayed to God.
ii. The sons of Samuel, Joel and Abijah, were corrupt and not effective in
- They sang and danced to God.
leadership.
- They built altars.
iii. They wanted a warrior king who would lead them in battle against
- They made sacrifices to God.
their enemies.
- The Israelites celebrated festivals/ men presented themselves before God
iv. Israelites wanted to be like their neighbours who had kings.
three times a year.
v. They wanted a human leader whom they could see and approach.
- They gave offerings/ tithes/ first fruits to God.
vi. They wanted a stable political government that had law and order.
- They burnt incense.
vii. They wanted a form of hereditary leadership. (4x2=8 marks)
- They observed the Sabbath day/ obeyed the Ten Commandments.
2006 3 b) State the achievements of Solomon as King of Israel - 6 marks
(7x1=7mks)
i. He established trade with other countries such as Edom and Tyre.

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 ii. He built up a professional army equipped with horse-drawn chariots. 2007 3 b) Identify ways in which King Jeroboam contributed to religious
He had 1400 chariots and 12000 soldiers who were used in war. schism between Judah and Israel. - 4 marks
iii. He used his administrative skills to create various departments and i. He made two golden calves and placed one at Bethel and another at
impose wise leaders to be in charge. Dan to represent Yahweh.
iv. He gained reputation of wisdom. He was able to judge difficult cases ii. He set up two rival places of worship (Dan and Bethel) and ignored
fairly Jerusalem as the center of worship.
v. He developed diplomatic relations with foreign countries by marrying iii. He made the Israelites to offer sacrifices to the golden calves.
daughters of the kings of Egypt, Moab, Tyre and many others. iv. He chose priests from ordinary families to serve at worship centers.
vi. He built the temple for God. v. He offered sacrifices to the golden calves in Dan and Bethel.
vii. Solomon brought the Ark of the Covenant to the temple of Jerusalem. vi. He instituted religious festivals in the months of his choice.
viii. He built for himself a palace that took 13years to complete. vii. He worshipped idols. (4x1=4 marks)
ix. He composed 3000 proverbs and 1005 songs (Prov. 1:1-5) 2007 3 c) What life skills do Christians need to use in order to fight
x. He maintained peace and political stability in Israel.(6xl=6marks) corruption in Kenya today? - 6 marks
2006 3 c) Identify the causes of power struggle in the church in Kenya i. Creative thinking.
today - 6 marks ii. Critical thinking.
i. Greed for material possessions. iii. Assertiveness.
ii. Hypocrisy among the believers. iv. Self-esteem.
iii. Tribalism, ethnicity, nepotism and other forms of discrimination. v. Self-awareness.
iv. Differences in interpretation of Christian doctrines. vi. Effective communication. ' (6x1=6 marks)
v. Conservatism among leaders. 2008 3 a) Describe the contest between prophet Elijah and the prophets of
vi. Political interference in leadership of the church. Baal at Mount Carmel (1st Kings 18: 17-40) - 7 marks
vii. Fighting for recognition in the church.  Prophet Elijah asked King Ahab to assemble all the people at Mount Carmel
viii. Succession wrangles in church. for a contest. The aim of the contest was to determine the true God to be
ix. Differences in interpretation of the Christian doctrine. worshipped.
x. Economic status; the rich verses the poor in church. (6x1=6 marks)  Elijah suggested to the people that two bulls be brought; one for the Baal
2007 3 a) Describe the nature of the Canaanite religion. - marks prophets to sacrifice to their gods and another for Elijah to sacrifice to God.
i. It was a nature religion, meaning it was related to forces of nature.  He challenged them and said whichever party will make their god send fire
ii. The aim of the religion was to ensure continued fertility of land, flock to consume the sacrifice will be the true God
and people.  Prophets of Baal were given a bull which they prepared and called upon the
iii. It was cyclic because the seasons repeated as opposed to Yahwehism name of their god. They prayed and shouted their cries to Baal.
which was linear  Elijah mocked them by asking them to shout louder to their God.
iv. It was polytheistic comprising of a family of gods.  The turn of Elijah came, he repaired the altar with 12 stones placed the
v. Each god/ goddess played a specific role in the community sacrifice on the alter and asked the people to pour water on it
vi. Symbols were used to represent each god; e.g. Baal was represented in  After this, Elijah prayed to God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob for help.
form of a bull and stone pillar.  The supernatural fire descended from heaven and consumed the sacrifice.
vii. Temple prostitution was practiced.  The people threw themselves on the ground and worshipped the Lord as
viii. The religion had prophets and prophetess. true God.
 Elijah ordered the Israelites to k i l l all the 450 prophets of Baal.

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 Elijah then performed another miracle by praying for rain. (7x1=7 marks) ix. The temple was the place where all rites of purification were carried
2008 3 b) Give four conditions that made it difficult for Prophet Elijah to out.
stop idolatry in Israel. - 8 marks x. It was used as a law-court by the council of Jewish religious leaders
i. The existence of false prophets who gave false promises to the called the Sanhedrin.
Israelites. xi. Religious ceremonies like naming and circumcision of baby boys took
ii. King Ahab had allowed his Phoenician wife to bring the worship of false place in the temple on the eighth day (7x1=7 marks)
gods and goddesses. 2009 3 b) Identify six ways which show that king Solomon turned away
iii. Jezebel had brought foreign gods and goddess in Israel. from the covenant way of life - 6 marks
iv. King Ahab had allowed the building of temples for the worship of Baal. i. He married many foreign wives.
v. The Canaanite religion had a strong influence on the Israelites. ii. He allowed worship of foreign gods.
vi. The King participated in idol worship. iii. He taxed the Israelites heavily.
vii. Baalism was made an official religion. iv. He disobeyed the instructions given to him by his father to rely on God.
viii. The idol gods could be seen and they appeared real. (4x2=8 marks) v. He subjected the Israelites to forced labour / slavery.
2008 3 c) Identify five qualities of Prophet Elijah that a Christian leader vi. He signed treaties with foreign nations.
should possess. - 5 marks vii. He sold his land to Hiram, King of Tyre.
i. Trustworthy viii. He used more time to build his palace than the temple of God.
ii. Courageous (6xl=6marks)
iii. Truthfulness 2009 3 c) Give seven factors that have led to the increase of Christian
iv. Kindness denominations in Kenya today - 7 marks
v. Loving i. Rivalry for leadership in churches.
vi. Compassionate ii. Differences in biblical interpretations.
vii. Honesty iii. Resistance to change by older church members.
viii. Responsible and committed leader iv. Material gain has made some people start churches for business
ix. Loyalty purposes.
x. Prayerfulness v. Lack of spiritual satisfaction by some members.
xi. Respectfulness (6x1=6 marks) vi. Lack of good role models.
2009 3 a) State seven functions of the temple in The Jewish community - 7 vii. Desire to be free from missionary control.
marks viii. Differences in the mode of worship and ritual observance.
i. It symbolized Gods presence among his people through the Ark of the ix. Discrimination based on tribal or racial grounds among Christians.
Covenant which was kept in the temple. (7x1=7 marks)
ii. It was a dwelling place of God. 2010 3 a) From the story of Naboth's vineyard, explain the commandments
iii. It was a house of worship and prayer. which King Ahab and Queen Jezebel broke, -8 marks
iv. It was a place where all the first born children were dedicated to God. i. They broke the commandment of not to kill when they planned for the
v. All the Jewish religious festivals or feasts such as the Passover and stoning of Naboth.
Pentecost were celebrated in the temple. ii. They broke the commandment of not coveting a neighbor's property
vi. The temple was a training place for the Jewish religious teacher. when they wanted Naboth's vineyard.
vii. The temple was the place where the prophets and priests lived. iii. The commandments of not stealing was broken when Ahab took
viii. The temple was the only place where sacrifices to God were offered by Naboth's vineyard
the priests.

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 iv. The commandment of do not bear false witness was broken when they iv. He committed suicide.
planned instituting for false witness against Naboth. v. He wanted to kill David. (5x1=5 marks)
v. The commandment of not using God's name in vain was broken when 2011 3 b) Explain the achievements of David as King of Israel. - 7 marks
they said that Naboth had blasphemed God. i. David conquered and defeated the enemies of Israel.
vi. They broke the commandment of not worshipping other gods since ii. He expanded the geographical boundaries of Israel.
they worshipped idols. (4x2=8 marks) iii. He administered law and justice to all.
2010 3 b) With reference to lst Kings 21: 17 - 29, give the forms of iv. He signed friendship treaties with the king of Tyre.
punishment prophesied by Elijah to King Ahab and Queen Jezebel. - 6 marks v. He captured Jerusalem from Jebusites and made it a capital city for
i. Death of King Ahab would be in the same place where Naboth died/ Israel.
valley of Jezreel. vi. He made peace treaties with his neighbours.
ii. King Ahab's rule would come to an end. vii. He composed psalms which were used during worship.
iii. The dogs would lick the blood of Ahab viii. He united the twelve tribes of Israel under one ruler.
iv. All the male children of free slaves would be cut off from Ahab. ix. He made preparations for the construction of the temple. (7x1=7
v. The lineage of Ahab would be wiped out. marks)
vi. Evil will be upon Ahab. 2011 3 c) Give four reasons why Christians in Kenya should build churches.
vii. The dogs would eat anybody belonging to Ahab's family and died in the - 8 marks
city. i. Churches are used for worship
viii. The birds of the air would eat all those who die in the field (in the open ii. To follow the tradition of the Old Testament teaching on the temple as
field). the house of God
ix. The dogs would eat the body of Jezebel. (6x1=6 marks) iii. Churches signify the God's presence.
2010 3 c) Why is killing condemned in traditional African communities? - 6 iv. Churches act as a place of gathering members for religious meetings.
marks v. They are places where religious instruction or preaching takes place.
i. Life is sacred and therefore should not be destroyed by anybody. vi. Churches act as a sign of prestige and recognition of certain
ii. Killing brings hatred, revenge and ill-feelings among members of the denomination
community vii. They demonstrate the faith of people in the existence of God.
iii. It destroys continuity of the family. viii. Churches can be used as refuge in times of danger.
iv. It denies one the chance to take part in community development. ix. It is a sign of numerical growth in church membership. (4x2=8 marks)
v. Death destroys good and harmonious relationship in the community 2012 3 a) Describe six ways that king David used to promote the worship of
vi. Death creates sadness and misery to the relatives. God in Israel. - 6 marks
vii. It breeds suspicion and anxiety between the family of victims and i. He brought the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem. The Ark of the
perpetrator. Covenant contained the Ten Commandments and was kept in the
viii. To avoid being ex-communicated from the community section of the tabernacle called the holies.
ix. To avoid curses. (6xl=6marks ii.
2011 3 a) Outline the failures of King Saul. - 5 marks Israelites from all over the land came for important religious occasions.
i. He became impatient and offered the sacrifice at Gilgal instead of iii. He composed psalms which were used in worship by Israelites
waiting for Samuel to do it. especially during the exile
ii. He disobeyed God's command of destroying everything during the war iv. He wanted to build a temple for God. However, God denied him that
with Amalekites. He spared King Agag and the fat animals. opportunity
iii. He had lost faith in God.

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 v. He repented whenever he made mistakes. For instance, after v. He warned the elders of Israel against demanding for a political king.
committing adultery with Uriah's wife, Bathsheba, he sought for vi. He anointed kings over Israel
forgiveness from God. vii. He obeyed God's commands and instructions. (4x2=8 marks)
vi. He built alters and offered sacrifices to God 2013 3 b) Explain six effects of idolatry in Israel during the time of Prophet
vii. He showed respect to prophets of God such as Nathan. Elijah. - 6 marks
viii. He acted as a good role model by worshipping God. (6x1=6 marks) i. God raised prophets to bring Israel back to the covenant way of
2012 3 b) Explain four life skills that Elijah used to fight against false life.
religion in Israel. - 8 marks ii. There was persecution/hostility/towards Yahweh's
i. Assertiveness - he told Ahab that he was the cause of trouble in Israel people/prophets.
ii. Creative thinking - He requested for a contest with prophets of Baal.
iii. Baal prophets/prophetesses were brought to Israel.
iii. Decision making - he decided to k ill the prophets/prophetess of Baal
iv. Self- esteem - He was convinced that God was on his side
iv. There was corruption/social injustices/people rejected the
v. Negotiation - Elijah asked the Israelites to choose between God and covenant way of life.
Baal. v. Israelites practised syncretism/mixed the worship of Yahweh
vi. Conflict resolution - through the contest, he convinced the Israelites with Baal.
that Yahweh was the true God. vi. There was drought in Israel for three and half years as a divine
vii. Effective communication - He explained to the people how the contest curse on the nation.
was to be carried out. vii. Israel lost its identity as a nation of God’s people.
viii. Self awareness - He knew that he was the prophet of the true God/ he viii. A contest was held at Mount Carmel to prove who was the true
had confidence in himself. God.
ix. Critical thinking - sought ways to prove that Yahweh was true. (4x2=8
ix. Elijah fled the country/was sustained by God’s power during the
marks)
2012 3 c) What problems do church leaders in Kenya face when carrying
period of the drought. (6 x I =6 marks)
out their work? - 6 marks
i. They receive threats and opposition from their opponents. 2013 3 c) What lessons can Christians learn about social justice from the
ii. Inadequate material and financial resources. story of Naboth's vineyard? - 6 marks
iii. There is lack of cooperation from church members. i. Christians should not use their leadership positions to acquire wealth
iv. They may not be good role models. falsely.
v. They may suffer from separation from their families. ii. Christians should protect the poor against corrupt leaders.
vi. There is misinterpretation of Biblical theology from different sources. iii. Christians should safeguard property received through in inheritance!
vii. Greed for material property. iv. Christians should not be misled by their friends to go act against the
viii. They may be posted to a hostile working environment. law.
ix. Permissiveness leading to moral decadence. (6x1= 6 marks) v. Christians should fight for the rights of the weak in society.
2013 3 a) How did Prophet Samuel promote the worship of Yahweh in vi. There is punishment for those who exploit the poor.
Israel? - 8 marks vii. Christians should condemn all forms of injustice in the society (6x1=6
i. He prayed for the people. marks)
ii. He mediated between God and the prophets.
iii. He performed priestly duties such as making sacrifices.
iv. He condemned King Saul for disobeying God.

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2014 3 a) State the achievements of Solomon as the King of Israel. - 7 2014 3 c) Give six lessons that modern political leaders in Kenya can learn
marks from King Solomon. - 6 marks
i. He established trade with other countries like Edom, Tyre, Arabia and i. Political leaders should ask for wisdom from God to enable them rule.
East Africa. ii. Modern leaders should trust in God.
ii. He built up a professional army equipped with horse-drawn chariots. iii. They should promote the worship of God by supporting Church
iii. He used his administrative skills to create departments and imposed projects.
wise leaders. iv. They should rule with justice and fairness / should not oppress their
iv. He gained reputation of wisdom. He settled the case involving two subjects.
women with each claiming to be the real mother of the surviving baby. v. They should be leaders of integrity.
v. He developed diplomatic relations with foreign countries by marrying vi. They should protect the territory of their nation.
daughters of the kings of Egypt, Moab, Tyre and many others. vii. They should not be extravagant in using the resources of their nation
vi. He built the temple for God. viii. They should have good diplomatic relations with other countries.
vii. Solomon brought the Ark of the Covenant to the temple of Jerusalem. ix. They should ensure good trading relations with other countries.| (6x1=
viii. He built for himself a palace that took 13years to complete. He 6 marks)
composed 3000 proverbs and 1005 songs. 2015 3 a) Give five reasons why the Israelites demanded for a
ix. He maintained peace and political stability in Israel. (7x1= 7 marks) king.(1 Samuel 8). - 5 marks
2014 3 b) Outline the importance of the temple in Jerusalem to the i. They wanted a stable hereditary leadership.
Israelites. - 7 marks ii. They two sons of Samuel, Joel and Abijah, who had replaced
i. It symbolized Gods presence since the Ark of the Covenant was kept Samuel were corrupt and inefficient.
inside. iii. They wanted a king so as to be like other nations.
ii. It was a dwelling place of God. iv. It was a reflection of their rejection of God as their King.
iii. It was a house of worship and prayer. v. They wanted a physical human King whom they could see and
iv. It was a place where all the first born children were dedicated to God approach.
v. All the Jewish religious festivals or feasts such as the Passover and vi. They wanted to be governed by Law and order
Pentecost were celebrated in the temple. vii. They wanted a King who would lead them to war. (5x1=5 marks)
vi. The temple was a training place for the Jewish religious leaders on 2015 3 b) What lessons can modern political leaders learn from King
Mosaic law. David? - 7 marks
vii. The temple was the place where the prophets and priests lived. i. Modern political leaders should have faith in God.
viii. The temple was the only place where sacrifices to God were offered by ii. They should promote the worship of true God in their nations.
the priests. iii. They should ask for forgiveness when they do wrong
ix. The temple was the place where all rites of purification were carried iv. They should seek advice from church leaders.
out. v. They should set up proper administrative structures.
x. It was used as a law-court for settling religious disputes. vi. They should establish good relations with neighbouring countries.
xi. Naming and circumcision of baby boys took place in the temple on| vii. They should secure the nation from external threats and
the eighth day. aggression.
xii. It was used as a treasury since important objects were kept there. viii. They should maintain u n It y among their subjects. (7x1=7 marks)
xiii. It was a trading center. Foreign currency was exchanged there.
xiv. It was a place of pilgrimage for Jews. (7x1= 7 marks)

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2015 3 c) How do Christians in Kenya demonstrate their faith in God? - 8 v. Conflict resolution - through the contest, he convinced the Israelite
marks that Yahweh was the true God.
i. Through praying and fasting. vi. Effective communication - He explained to the people how the contest
ii. Through preaching and winning souls to the Kingdom of God. Through was to be carried out.
singing and dancing for God. vii. Self awareness - He knew that he was the prophet of the true God/ he
iii. Through building places of worship. had confidence in himself. Sought ways to prove that Yahweh was true
iv. Through giving tithes and offerings to God. Through helping the needy God.
in acts of charity. viii. Critical thinking -
v. By respecting their church leaders. (4x2=8 marks)
vi. Through forgiving others and repenting their sins. 2016 3 c.
vii. Through having special attires such as wearing of crucifix.
viii. By reading the Bible.
ix. By observing religious festivals.
x. By composing Christian songs and drama. (8x1=8 marks)
2016 3 a) Explain six ways used by King David to promote the worship of
Yahweh in Israel. - 12 marks
i. He brought the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem. The Ark of the 2017 3 a) State six reasons Why Samuel was against kingship in Israel. - 6
Covenant contained the Ten Commandments and was kept in the marks
section of the tabernacle called the holies. i. The demand for a King was seen as a rejection of Yahweh as their
ii. He made Jerusalem a holy city and center of worship where all unseen king.
Israelites from all over the land came for important religious occasions. ii. The King would force their sons to serve him as soldiers.
iii. He composed psalms which were used in worship by Israelites iii. The Israelites would be like other nations which did not know God/
especially during the exile He wanted to build a temple for God. lose their identity as covenant people.
However, God denied him that opportunity iv. God would reject them as His people/would not hear their pleas when
iv. He repented whenever he made mistakes. For instance, after they call.
committing adultery with Uriah's wife, Bathsheba, he sought v. The King would overtax them.
forgiveness from God. vi. The King would grab their land/other properties.
v. He built alters and offered sacrifices to God vii. The King would make them slaves.
vi. He showed respect to prophets of God such as Nathan. viii. The King would introduce forced labour.
vii. He acted as a good role model by worshipping God. ix. The King would take their daughters as perfumers/cooks/bakers.
2016 3 b) Discuss four life skills used by prophet Elijah to fight against false 2017 3 b) Explain the significance of David as an ancestor of Jesus to
religion in Israel. - 8 marks Christians today. - 8 marks
i. Creative thinking - He requested for a contest between the prophet of i. The promises that God made to King David pointed to the mission of
Baal and himself Jesus in the world to save sinners
ii. Decision making - he decided to kill the prophets/ prophetess of Baal ii. Through Jesus a descendant of David, Christians are blessed/
iii. Self- esteem - He was convinced that God was on his side protected/have peace.
iv. Negotiation - Elijah asked the Israelites to choose between God and iii. Through David, Jesus came to establish a spiritual kingdom/the church.
Baal. David recognized the divinity of Jesus as Lord/Saviour who Christians
also recognize as Lord/saviour.

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 iv. David as an ancestor of Jesus established proper worship of God in ii. He was accused by King Ahab of being the trouble maker in
Israel which has been emulated by Christians. Israel/enemy.
v. David the ancestor of Jesus made preparations to build a temple for iii. Prophet Elijah had to convince the people that he was the true prophet
God which has been realized in the modern day places of worship built of Yahweh.
by Christians. iv. He lived in fear after pronouncing the drought in Israel.
vi. Through David Christians have been promised a place to settle in v. He had to flee from Israel after killing the prophets of Baal.
heaven. vi. Jezebel threatened to kill him.
2017 3 c) State six lessons Christians learn from the failures of King Saul. - 6 vii. Elijah despaired/felt discouraged/lonely/wished to die.
marks viii. True prophets of God were being persecuted/killed in Israel.
i. Christians learn that they should be patient/wait upon God. ix. Elijah had to fight Baalism which had been made a state religion
ii. Christians should avoid evil deeds/thoughts in their lives. They should x. The presence of the many prophets of Baa1 in Israel
obey God/His teachings/authority. 2018 3 c) Give seven ways in which Christians fight corruption in Kenya
iii. They should have faith in God alone. today. - 7 marks
iv. Christians should have faith in God/ trust in the saving power of God i. Christians fight corruption through condemning all the unjust practices
alone. in the society.
v. They should respect people anointed to do the will of God/church ii. By praying for the corrupt people to change their behavior.
leaders. iii. Through advocating for the enactment of laws that can help to
vi. Christians should not be greedy/selfish. strengthen the fight against corruption.
vii. They should be responsible/true to their duties. iv. Christians act as role models for others to emulate/set good example
viii. Christians should repent/ask for forgiveness. by avoiding corrupt practices.
ix. Christians should be honest in their dealings. v. They make moral choices/informed decision/through the use of life
2018 3 a) Identify seven characteristics of the Canaanite religion. - 7 marks skills.
i. Canaanite religion was a nature/cosmic/cyclic religion. vi. By educating/providing civic education on the evils corruption.
ii. It comprised of many gods/goddesses/po1ytheistic. vii. Through exposing corrupt practices in the society.
iii. They had a chief god/EL. viii. By obeying the laws of the state.
iv. They worshipped their gods on mountain tops/high places of ix. By preaching the importance of integrity to the people.
worship/temples/shrines. x. Christians report those engaged in corruption to the relevant
v. Symbols/idols/images were made to represent each god/goddesses. authorities.
vi. The Canaanites practiced temple prostitution/was part of the worship 2019 3 a) Identify six factors which led to widespread idolatry in Israel
of gods/goddesses. during the time of Prophet Elijah. - 6 marks
vii. They offered elaborate human/animal/crops sacrifices to the i. The foreign princesses married to Israelite kings brought with them
gods/goddesses idol worships/false prophets were brought to Israel
viii. Feasts/festivals were celebrated in honor of gods/goddesses. ii. Israelites changed their lifestyle from pastoralism to agriculture when
ix. Each god had his/her own prophet/prophetess. they settled in Canaan and this forced them to worship the god of
x. Each god/goddess played a specific role in the community fertility.
2018 3 b) State the challenges faced by Elijah during his prophetic ministry iii. Israelites worshipped God/Yahweh and Baal gods on different
in Israel. - 6 marks occasions / syncretism.
i. Prophet Elijah had to defend his faith/religion to prove that Yahweh iv. The Kings built temples for Baal worship in the northern kingdom of
was the True God. Israel

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 v. Israelites broke the covenant through inter marriages with foreigners iii. Peer pressure/critic influence/fear of other people
thus adopted Canaanite way of life/temple prostitution. iv. Quest for better economic power/pride/education/greed/ materialism
vi. Israelites felt that Yahweh had forsaken them after they were defeated v. Lack of role models in the society
in wars by neighbouring nations/turned to other gods. vi. Unemployment/poverty
vii. The true prophets of Yahweh who were in Israel were being vii. Negative influence from the mass media
persecuted viii. Emergence of different beliefs/cults/religious pluralism
viii. The kings made festivals for the Canaanite gods to be on the same ix. Lack of time/family responsibilities/work pressure
dates as those of the Jewish calendar hence Israelites were influenced x. Unanswered prayers/frustrations of life Permissiveness in the society/
to worship idols. moral decadence
ix. King Ahab made Baalism the official state religion. 2020 3 a) Describe the incident in which King Ahab took Naboth’s vineyard.
x. The rampant presence of visible idols compared to the unseen God. (1 Kings 21: 1-16) - 8 marks
2019 3 b) Describe the incident in which Prophet Elijah challenged the  Naboth had a vineyard in Jezreel, beside the palace of King Ahab.
prophets of Baal at Mount Carmel (1 Kings 18:19—41). - 8 marks  King Ahab asked Naboth to give him the vineyard/sell it to him for a
 Prophet Elijah requested king Ahab to send the prophets of Baal/all the vegetable garden.
Israelites to Mount Carmel  Naboth refused to sell it to king Ahab because it was an inheritance from
 Elijah asked the people for how long would they limp on two different his fore fathers.
opinions/told the people to choose the lord God or Baal.  King Ahab went home dejected/sad/disappointed/refused to eat.
 Prophet Elijah asked for two bulls, one for those who worship Baal and the  His wife Jezebel asked why he was sad.
other for him.  When Ahab explained what Naboth had told him, Jezebel asked him
 Each group was to offer a sacrifice to their god/the God that would send whether he was the king or not/said she would give Ahab the vineyard of
fire to consume the sacrifice is the true God. Naboth.
 Elijah gave the prophets of Baal the first chance to prepare their sacrifice.  Jezebel wrote letters to the elders of the city instructing them to accuse
 The prophets of Baal called on their god to send fire but there was no Naboth of blasphemy/treason.
response  The elders organized for Naboth to be punished/killed.
 Elijah mocked them to shout louder for their god to answer  When Jezebel heard about the death of Naboth, she told king Ahab to go
 The prophets of Baal cried louder/cut themselves with swords but there and take possession of the vineyard.
was no answer  King Ahab went to possess the vineyard.
 Elijah repaired the altar with twelve stones/ made a trench around it 2020 3 b) Outline six forms of punishment prophesied by Elijah to King
 He prepared the sacrifice/asked for water to be poured on it Elijah prayed Ahab and Jezebel after taking Naboth’s vineyard. - 6 marks
to God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel to reveal himself i. The death of King Ahab would be in the same place where Naboth was
 Fire fell from heaven and burned up the sacrifice stoned/killed.
 The people acknowledged the God of Elijah as the true God Elijah ii. God would bring evil upon King Ahab.
commanded the people to seize/kill the prophets of Baal iii. God would take away prosperity of Ahab/his rule would come to an
 Elijah told Ahab to go and eat/prophesied the coming rain end.
2019 3 c) State six reasons that may influence some Christians to turn away iv. Dogs would lick the blood of Ahab where Naboth blood was licked.
from God today. - 6 marks v. All the male children/slaves would be cut off.
i. Lack of faith / trust in God vi. Dogs would eat anybody from Ahab ‘house who would die in the fields.
ii. Influence from non-believers/ridicule/discouragement vii. Birds would eat the body of Jezebel/Jezebel will die within the bounds
of Jezreel.

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 2020 3 c) State six lessons Christians learn from the ministry of Prophet viii. It was the fulfillment of the prophecy of Ahijah so it was the will of God.(1 King
Elijah. - 6 marks 14:6-16)
i. Christians should worship the true God only.
ii. Christians should courageously condemn all forms of corruption/evil, in 2021 (c) Lessons Christians learn from the leadership of King Solomon (6mks)
society. i. Christians should maintain good relationships with others
iii. Christians should be loyal/obedient to God/faithful. ii. Christians should build/maintain places of worship/support church
iv. Christians should be willing to carry out God’s work despite the activities/projects
challenges they may face/endure persecutions. iii. Christian leaders should delegate duties to others
v. Christians should lead holy/righteous lives to avoid God’s punishment. iv. They should use peaceful methods of solving conflicts/make critical
vi. Christians should be prayerful. decision/solving problems.
vii. Christians should fight for the poor/weak to avoid any form of v. Christians should put into practice their God-given skills/talents/abilities
oppression/promote justice in the society. vi. They should obey God’s commandments/instructions
viii. Christians should trust/have faith in God. vii. They should exercise self-control
2021 (a) Achievements of Solomon as the King of Israel (6mks) viii. They should have respect for human life/not commit murder
i. He composed many proverbs. ix. Christian should be just /fair in their dealing with others/avoid
ii. He build a temple for God in Jerusalem nepotism/tribalism
iii. King Solomon brought the Ark of the Covenant to the temple in x. Christians should be contented with what they have
Jerusalem xi. Christians should pray for wisdom.
iv. He developed diplomatic relations with foreign nations
v. He established a professional army equipped with horse drawn chariots 2022. a) State the importance of the temple in Jerusalem to the Israelites.(6
vi. He established strong/effective administrative structures marks)
vii. He fortified major cities to ensure security i. The temple symbolized God's presence among His people/ housed the
viii. H was a successful merchant/established trade with neighboring ark of the covenant.
countries ii. It was believed to be a dwelling place for God.
ix. He initiated industrial activities/exploited minerals in Edom iii. It was a house of worship/ prayer/ sacrifices/ offerings.
x. He gained reputation for his wisdom in settling disputes iv. Major Jewish annual festivals were held there/ feasts
xi. He built a magnificent palace in Jerusalem (Passover/Pentecost) - Religious leaders resided in the temple.
v. The temple was used as a law court/ disputes were settled there.
2021 (b) Factors which led to the division of the Kingdom of Israel (8mks) vi. Religious ceremonies/rituals were held in the temple.
i. King Solomon allowed the worship of other gods in Israel which displeased vii. It was a learning centre where the Mosaic laws were taught.
God. viii. It was used as a commercial centre/ business activities were carried
ii. Oppression of the Israelites through over taxation introduced by King there.
Solomon. ix. It was used as a treasury where important objects were kept.
iii. Introduction of forced labour in Israel by King Solomon. x. It was a source of unity among the people/ gave the sense of security.
iv. Rehoboam rejection of the elders’ advice to rule Israel less harshly/followed (6x1=6 marks)
the advice of young men to rule more harshly. 2022 (b) Outline seven failures of Solomon as the King of Israel.(7 marks)
v. Rebellion of the ten tribes of Israel. i. King Solomon married many wives from foreign nations which was
vi. The readiness of Jeroboam to lead rebellious tribes. against God's command.
vii. King Solomon married foreign wives which was against God’s will. ii. He introduced forced labour in Israel.

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 iii.
iv.
He committed murder/ killed his half-brother Adonijah.
King Solomon was extravagant/ misused resources meant for Israel.
QUESTION NUMBER: 4
v. He introduced high taxation in Israel for his upkeep.
vi.
vii.
He allowed worship of foreign gods/ idols in Israel.
He built places for pagan gods/ practiced-religious syncretism.
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL
viii. He took longer time to build his palace than the temple.
ix. He sold part of Israelites' territory to settle his debts.
x. He practiced nepotism/ favoritism.
xi. He signed treaties with his neighbours for his protection against the 2006 4 a) Explain the role of prophets in the Old Testament - 6 marks
covenant requirement. i. They spoke on behalf of God/ were God's mouth pieces.
xii. He hired pagan craft men in the construction of the temple. ii. They foretold the future events.
iii. They revealed the nature of God to people.
2022 c) Identify seven factors that have led to the increase of Christian iv. They acted as mediators between God and the people.
denominations in Kenya today. (7 marks) v. They guided and counseled the kings/ advised kings.
i. Rivalry for leadership positions/ Greed for power. vi. They called people back to repentance.
ii. Differences in biblical interpretation/ teachings/ ideologies/ doctrines. vii. They gave a message of hope to people.
iii. Failure to set good examples by some church leaders/ be role models/ viii. They reminded the people about the covenant way of life.
lack of role models. ix. They condemned evil in society.
iv. Discrimination in church based on nepotism/ gender/ ethnicity. x. They warned people of God's judgment.
v. Disagreement on ethical issues policies in church such as xi. They made people understand the nature of God.
contraceptives/ dress code. xii. They offered sacrifices to God.
vi. Materialism/ desire for money. xiii. They anointed kings.
vii. Desire to be free from mission/ foreign control. xiv. They interpret the vision and dreams from God. (6x1=6 marks)
viii. Differences in mode of worship/ ritual observance such as baptism/ 2006 4 b) Give reasons why prophet Amos was against the way the
incense. Israelites worshipped God - 10 marks
ix. Resistance to change by older church members/ generational gap. i. They gave empty sacrifices which did not reflect holy lives
x. Some members feel like their spiritual needs are not being met/ ii. They practiced syncretism and apostasy.
fulfilled. iii. They were insincere and hypocritical in worship.
xi. Freedom of worship has made it easy for people to start/ register new iv. They made idols and worshipped false gods.
denominations. v. They built many high places of worship for idols.
vi. They misused the shrine at Bethel by feasting and drinking there.
vii. They refused to listen to prophets of God. Instead, they listened to
false prophets.
viii. They were impatient during Sabbath worship.
ix. They practiced temple prostitution.
x. They made graven images for their false gods. (5x2=10 marks)
2006 4 c) How does God reveal himself to Christians today? - 4 marks
Through visions.
1. Through dreams.

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 2. Through God's prophets and preachers. iv. Giving tithes and offerings faithfully.
3. Through the word of God. v. Praying for them.
4. Through prayers. vi. Obeying the word of God.
5. Through nature and natural events. vii. Providing training opportunities for them.
6. Through the Holy Spirit. (4x1=4 marks) viii. Defending them against unfair criticism.
2007 4 a) Describe the characteristics of false prophets in the Old ix. Respecting them. (5x1=5 marks)
Testament. - 7 marks 2008 4 a) State three differences between prophets in the Old Testament
i. They asked for payments for their prophetic services. and traditional African communities. - 6 marks
ii. They did not receive a call from God. i. The Old Testament prophets stressed the worship of one God
iii. They prophesied for payment. (Monotheism) while in traditional African Communities prophets
iv. They spoke what people wanted to hear. recognized many gods and goddesses.
v. They had no knowledge of God ii. The Old Testament prophets faced opposition from their people while
vi. They raised false confidence among people. traditional African prophets were respected in their communities.
vii. They did not speak with authority when challenged. iii. The Old Testament received their power, guidance, directly from God,
viii. They spoke about doctrines and teachings that were contrary to the while the African traditional prophets got their power from God
covenant through spirit.
ix. They did not have exemplary lifestyles. They lived immoral lives. iv. The Old Testament prophets prophesied to other communities and
x. They wanted favors from the kings. nations but traditional African prophets were configured to their ethnic
xi. They were not ready to suffer for the truth. communities.
xii. They undermined the work of the prophets. (7x1=7 marks) v. The work of Old Testament prophets were recorded and preserved
2007 4 b) State the teachings of prophet Amos about the day of the Lord. - 8 while in traditional African communities it was handed through oral
marks tradition. (3x2=6 marks)
i. It would be a day of darkness and not light 2008 4 b) Outline the teaching of prophet Amos on social justice and
ii. It would be a day of terror and disaster. responsibility. -6 marks
iii. It would be a day when feasts and celebrations will turn into occasions i. The righteous and the needy were sold for silver.
of mourning. ii. The rich women led luxurious lives and were unkind to the poor.
iv. It would be a day of suffering for the people of Israel and no one will iii. There was exploitation of the poor.
escape. iv. The rulers lived luxurious lives in good houses as the poor suffered
v. It would be a day of famine and drought. v. The rulers were arrogant, trusted in material things and drunk wine
vi. People will thirst and hunger for the word of God. when the poor had nothing to eat
vii. The wicked will not escape God's punishment. vi. The judges were corrupt and took bribes from the rich.
viii. People will faint in the process of searching for the word of God. vii. The wealthy merchants cheated the poor by using false scales/ selling
ix. It would be accompanied by cosmic signs such as eclipse of the sun. the refuse.
x. There will be earthquakes / the land shall tremble. viii. The Israelites indulged in wine drinking and forced even those not
2007 4 c) How can Christians assist the church leaders to perform their supposed to drink.
duties effectively? - 5 marks ix. Those who spoke the truth were hated.
i. Giving material and financial assistance to them. x. Amos advised against robbery with violence. (8x1=8 marks)
ii. Encouraging them in their work.
iii. Participating fully in church activities.

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2008 4 c) How is the church promoting social justice in Kenya today? -6 ii. It is God who chooses one to be a Christian.
marks iii. Christians have been chosen by God to proclaim good news. God
i. The Church provides civic education on social justice to the public. protects His people from their enemies.
ii. The church condemns social injustices. iv. Christians should be faithful and obedient to God.
iii. It preaches on social justice. v. There will be punishment if they do wrong.
iv. The church is a role model in promoting justice in the society. vi. Priests, bishops and other church leaders are chosen by God
v. The church advices its members to obey the laws of the country. vii. People should repent their sins and ask for forgiveness.
vi. It gives food and clothing to the needy. 2010 4 a) Outline six characteristics of true prophets in the Old Testament,
vii. It advices the government on the need to promote social justice in the - 6 marks
society. i. They were called by God.
viii. It offers guidance and counseling to victims of social injustice. ii. They received revelation from God in form of dreams and visions.
2009 4 a) Give four similarities between prophets in the Old Testament and iii. They were obedient to God.
traditional African communities. - 8 marks iv. They faced opposition and rejection from the people. They
i. Both mediated between God and people. communicated God's message to the people.
ii. Both received revelation from God v. The prophets spoke with authority.
iii. Both were Gods spokes persons. vi. Their prophesies were fulfilled
iv. Both foretold the future/predicted/warned/seers. vii. They preached about God's judgment
v. Both played religious as well as political role. viii. They did not prophesy for material gain
vi. Both spoke with authority/charismatic leaders. ix. They lead holy lives. (6x1=6 marks)
vii. Both acknowledged the presence of supreme being/supernatural 2010 4 b) State four ways in which the rich oppressed the poor during the
power. time of Prophet Amos, - 8 marks
viii. In both, there were prophets and prophetesses. i. The rich took people's garment in pledge.
ix. Both prophesied to condemn evil in the society. ii. The poor were robbed of their food and belongings.
x. In both, their prophecies were fulfilled. iii. Merchants overcharged the poor when selling them anything.
xi. In both, there were consulted on various issues in the society. iv. The poor were sold for a piece of silver.
(4x2=8marks) v. The rich used false measuring scales in business.
2009 4 b) Outline five teachings of prophets Amos the remnant and vi. The poor were sold into slavery when they were unable to pay their
restoration of the Israelites (Amos 9: 8 – 15) - 5 marks debts to the rich.
i. God would restore the dynasty of David after destruction vii. They sold products which were not fit for human consumption to the
ii. God would bring the people back to their land poor.
iii. The people would rebuild their cities so that the remnant of Edom can viii. The poor were denied justice in law courts because they could not
occupy them bribe judges
iv. The land would be reproductive: grapes and wine will be plenty 2010 4 c) Give six reasons why Christians find it difficult to help the needy
v. The people would grow food and harvest it in society today, - 6 marks
vi. The people of Israel would be peaceful/prosperous i. There are too many needy cases.
vii. The Israelites would never be taken into exile again. (5xl=5marks) ii. Tribal or ethnic affiliations may hinder one from giving assistance to
2009 4 c) State the relevance of Prophet Amos teaching on election of the needy.
Israel to Christians in Kenya today - 7 marks iii. Political affiliations influence Christians against helping those who do
i. Christians are God's people. not belong to their camp.

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 iv. Lack of what to share iv. Vision of the plumb line / crooked wall
v. Indifferences of some Christians to the light of the needy v. Vision of the a basket of ripe summer fruits (5x1=5 marks)
vi. Denominational differences where some Christians are not ready to 2012 4 a) Give four reasons why prophet Amos was against the way the
share with those who do not belong to their group. Israelites worshipped God. - 8 marks
vii. Poor communication in some parts of the country makes it impossible i. Israelites neglected God's prophets
to reach the needy. ii. They practiced syncretism/ Worshipped God alongside Baal
viii. It is difficult to identify genuine needy cases. (4x2=8 marks) iii. The worshippers mistreated the righteous and fellow citizens.
2011 4 a) Outline seven characteristics of the prophets in the Old iv. They were impatient during the worship ceremony
Testament. - 7 marks v. They defiled the place of worship
i. They were God's mouth piece or spokes persons vi. They showed disrespect to the name of God through sexual
ii. They responded to God's call in faith. immorality.
iii. They were called by God. vii. They gave sacrifices and offering as a show off and not for the love of
iv. They were given specific tasks to carry out God.
v. They communicated God's messages with authority viii. They worshipped idols (4x2=8 marks)
vi. They spoke the truth in all circumstances. 2012 4 b) State six ways in which God would punish Israel for her evils
vii. Their prophesies were fulfilled. according to prophet Amos. - 6 marks
viii. They never work for material gain. i. Israelites would be taken to exile.
ix. They called people to come back to the covenant way of life ii. Amaziah, the priest and the king would die by the sword.
x. They pronounced God's punishment. iii. The land would be conquered by a foreign nation.
xi. They were persecuted for their work iv. The Holy places of worship would be destroyed.
xii. They led exemplary lives. (7x1=7 marks) v. God would cover the land with earthquakes.
2011 4 b) Describe the call of Amos to become a prophet of God in Israel. - vi. God will send fire upon Judah and it would destroy its strongholds.
8 marks vii. There will be famine of the word of God.
 Amos was called from being a shepherd and dresser of Sycamore trees in viii. God will cover the land with total darkness. (6x1=6 marks)
Judah to be a prophet. 2012 4 c) How does the church in Kenya punish errant members? - 6 marks
 He came from a village called Tekoa in Judah. i. The church suspends them.
 He was called during the reign of Jeroboam II of Israel and Uzziah of Judah ii. It denies them participation in the church activities/rituals.
 The call of Amos came in form of a vision. In this vision God revealed to him iii. They may be denied leadership positions or demoted.
the evil state that the Northern kingdom (Israel) had gone into. iv. They may be publicly condemned/asked to repent/apologize.
 Amos felt a strong compulsion to prophesy v. They may be warned.
 Amos accepted God's call in faith and obedience. He preached at the shrine vi. Some may be transferred to difficult areas.
in Bethel which was the center of worship for kings and people of the vii. They may be sacked from the job.
northern kingdom viii. They may be excommunicated
 Amos was to speak God's message to the people of Israel for them to ix. They may be charged a fine (6x1 = 6mks)
repent or else they were to get punishment from God.(4x2= 8marks) 2013 4 a) Identify six characteristics of false prophets in the Old Testament.
2011 4 c) Identify the five visions of prophet Amos. - 5 marks - 6 marks
i. The vision of a swarm of locusts i. They prophesied using their own imagination and filled people with
ii. The vision of a supernatural fire false hopes.
iii. Vision of the destruction of the altar

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 ii. They had no personal knowledge of God. They received no dreams or vii. Poverty makes some lose faith in God.
visions from Him. viii. Church leaders don't have time for all members
iii. They used evil forces like magic to call upon the spirits of the dead ix. Influence from mass media
iv. They prophesied what people wanted to hear and not the truth. x. Generation gap.
v. They did not speak with authority xi. Cultural influence has negative impacts on faith of Christians. (8x1= 8
vi. They spoke lies. marks
vii. Their prophecies had no divine revelation 2014 4 a) Explain Three categories of true prophets in the Old Testament. -
viii. They prophesied out of their own minds and imaginations 6 marks
ix. They prophesied for payment and material gain. i. Major Prophets; their books and messages are detailed
x. They served other gods, e.g Baal. ii. Minor Prophets; their books and messages are short.
xi. Their prophecies never came to true. iii. Canonical prophets; they are prophets whose utterances are recorded|
xii. They never condemned the evils in society in books that bear their names
xiii. They told the kings what they wanted to hear not the truth-(6x1=6 iv. Non-canonical prophets; they are prophets whose messages have been
marks) compiled by other authors
2013 4 b) Describe the teaching of prophet Amos on Israel's election. -6 v. Cultic; they are prophets whose duties were associated with places of
marks worship.
i. Israel's election was out of God's own initiative. vi. Professional prophets/prophetic guild/court prophets; they earned
ii. God delivered them out of bondage in Egypt. their living through prophecy, advising kings and serving as court
iii. God chose Israelites and made a covenant with them at Mt. Sinai. clerks. (3x2=6 marks)
iv. Israelites were called to serve Yahweh rather than manipulate Him to| 2014 4 b) Outline six similarities between the traditional African and true
serve them. prophets in the Old Testament. - 6 marks
v. If they obeyed God's commandments, they would be His people and i. Both warned people about disasters such as drought and war.
He| would be their God. ii. Both acted as mediators between God and prophets.
vi. Israelites would face punishment if they disobey God. iii. Both had supernatural powers to exercise their duties.
vii. God raised prophets among Israelites to lead them in their religious j iv. Both acted as judges and settled disputes among the people. Both
life. were role models and led exemplary lives.
viii. God defeated their enemies v. Both condemned evil in the society.
ix. Israel election was due to Yahweh's love for her forefathers and not vi. Both acted as advisers to the leaders.
because of merit. vii. Both were religious leaders who could offer sacrifices and prayers.
x. They were a holy nation and had a responsibility of recognizing only viii. Both received revelation from God through visions and dreams. (6x1=
Yahweh as God by obeying His commandments. (6x1= 6 marks) 6 marks)
2013 4 c) State eight factors that hinder Christians from practicing their 2014 4 c) State eight challenges which church leaders in Kenya face in their
faith in God. - 8 marks work. - 8 marks
i. Lack of role models among Christians leaders i. Church leaders are rejected.
ii. Social injustices in the society ii. They have rivalry among themselves.
iii. Confusion among Christians due to different interpretation of the Bible iii. They experience discrimination based on nepotism, tribalism, gender
iv. Emphasis of materialism by the churches. or status.
v. Negative influence of mass modern technology. iv. Inadequate financial and other material support for their work.
vi. Permissiveness in the society. v. They encounter temptations in their duties.

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 vi. They encounter language barrier while spreading the word of God. iii. It prays for justice to prevail in society.
vii. There is conflicting interpretation of the Bible. iv. The church initiates income generating project to create employment.
viii. There is political interference in their work. v. The church shares their wealth with the needy.
ix. Poor infrastructure makes it difficult for them to access some areas. vi. By guiding and counseling victims of social injustice.
x. They are faced with competition from false prophets. vii. By advocating for just laws in the society. (6x1= 6 marks)
xi. Permissiveness in society hinders their work. 2016 4 a) Describe three groups of true prophets in the Old Testament. - 6
xii. Hypocrisy among church members leading to religious syncretism. marks
(8x1=8 marks) i. Major Prophets- Their books and messages are detailed Minor
2015 4 a) State four differences between traditional African prophets and Prophets. Their books and messages are short.
the Old Testament prophets. - 8 marks ii. Canonical prophets - They are prophets whose utterances are recorded
i. Old Testament prophets were called by God while traditional African in books that bear their names.
prophets inherited their roles. iii. Non-canonical prophets - They are prophets whose messages have
ii. Old Testament prophets delivered messages to their own people and been compiled by other authors.
those outside their locality while traditional African prophets were iv. Professional prophets - Commonly referred to court prophets and
concerned with their own communities. earned their living through prophecy. They advised kings and served as
iii. Prophecies of Old Testament were recorded while those of the court clerks
traditional African prophets were passed orally. v. Cultic/ early prophets - They are prophets whose duties were
iv. Old Testament prophets spoke of the coming Messiah while traditional associated with places of worship. (6x1=6 marks)
African prophets did not have the concept. 2016 4 b) Give six similarities between the Traditional African prophets and
v. Old Testament prophets faced rejection and opposition from their the true prophets in the Old Testament. - 6 marks
communities while traditional African prophets were respected in their i. Both warned people about disasters such as drought and war.
communities. ii. Both acted as mediators between God and people.
vi. Old Testament prophets worshipped one God while some traditions iii. Both had supernatural powers to exercise their duties.
African prophets worshipped may gods. (4x2=8 marks)| iv. Both acted as judges and settled disputes among the people. Both
2015 4 b) Outline the social injustices condemned by Prophet Amos in were role models and led exemplary lives.
Israel. - 6 marks v. Both condemned evil in the society.
i. There was oppression of the poor by the rich. vi. Both acted as advisers to the leaders.
ii. They sold fellow Israelite into slavery. vii. Both were religious leaders who could offer sacrifices and prayers.
iii. There was violence and robbery in the land. viii. Both received revelation from God through visions and dreams. (6x1=
iv. There was sexual immorality. 6 marks)
v. There was use of false weights and measures in business. They sold 2016 4 c) Identify eight problems experienced by church leaders in their
worthless wheat to others. work. - 8 marks
vi. There was misuse of garments secured as pledges. i. Church leaders are rejected
vii. There was murder of the innocent. ii. They have rivalry among themselves.
viii. There was bribery in courts. (6x1=6 marks) iii. They experience discrimination based on nepotism, tribalism, gender
2015 4 c) In what ways is the Church in Kenya promoting justice in society? or status.
- 6 marks iv. Inadequate financial and other material support for their work
i. The church teaches on the need for justice and fairness in the society. v. They encounter temptations in their duties.
ii. The church condemns all forms of injustice in the society. vi. They encounter language barrier while spreading the word of God.

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 vii. There is conflicting interpretation of the Bible. v. The worship of idols was an indication of the Israelites having
viii. There is political interference in their work. abandoned the true/first love.
ix. Poor infrastructure makes it difficult for them to access some areas. vi. Idolatry was like pursuing vanity/waste of time/useless.
x. They are faced with competition from false prophets vii. Idols were made by human beings.
xi. Permissiveness in society hinders their work. viii. Worshipping of idols made the Israelites lose their identity as the
xii. Hypocrisy among church members leading to religious syncretism chosen people of God.
(8x1=8 marks) 2017 4 c) Give five obstacles the church is facing in trying to curb injustice
2017 4 a) Explain four teachings of prophet Amos on social justice and in Kenya today. - 5 marks
responsibility in Israel. - 8 marks i. There is rampant corruption/bribery in the society.
i. Oppression of the poor — The people of Israel sold the poor for ii. Lenient punishment is given to those who break the laws.
silver/a pair of shoes/practiced slavery /misuse of garments taken in iii. Breakdown of traditional customs/norms/permissiveness/moral
pledge. decadence in the society.
ii. Corruption/bribery — legal injustices were taking place in court of iv. Existence of various forms of discrimination/tribalism/gender in the
law/ they took bribes/imposed heavy fines on the innocent. society.
iii. Greed/excessive luxury — Prophet Amos condemned the rich for v. There is poverty/unemployment among the people.
being selfish/greedy/living in luxury at the expense of the poor. vi. Lack of role models/some leaders are involved in practicing injustices.
iv. Self-indulgence/false sense of security — Amos condemned those vii. There are organized crime gangs/cartels in the society
leaders who could sit at their homes and expected the common people viii. There is rampant corruption/bribery in the society.
to go to them for help/advice. ix. Lenient punishment is given to those who break the laws.
v. Cheating in business — they tampered with the standard Weighing x. Breakdown of traditional customs/norms/permissiveness/moral
scales so that the customer could get less than what they had paid for. decadence in the society.
vi. Overcharged on goods that were sold/sold goods of low quality to the xi. Existence of various forms of discrimination/tribalism/gender in the
poor/mixed grain with chaff. society.
vii. Robbery and violence — There was violence in the city/ great xii. There is poverty/unemployment among the people.
unrest/disintegration of the rule of law taking away their grain. xiii. Lack of role models/some leaders are involved in practicing injustices.
viii. Idolatry — The Israelites worshipped other gods/broke the xiv. There are organized crime gangs/cartels in the society
commandments of God. 2018 4 a) Explain the vision of the basket of summer fruits shown to
ix. Sexual immorality/temple prostitution-The Israelites had agreed to Prophet Amos by God. (Amos 8:1-3). - 6 marks
pagan practice of prostitution in the place of worship/wide spread i. Prophet Amos was shown a basket of ripe fruits at the end of the
sexual immorality in the land. harvest.
x. Drunkenness — There was drunkenness in Israel the Nazarites were ii. God told Amos that Israel was ripe for destruction.
forced to drink excessive Wine. iii. Just as one waits for time to harvest fruits, God had waited for the
2017 4 b) Outline seven reasons why prophet Amos condemned idolatry in Israelites to repent.
Israel. - 7 marks iv. Since Israelites had not repented, the time had come for them to be
i. Idolatry was against the commandments of God. punished.
ii. It showed lack of knowledge of the true God of Israel. v. God’s judgement would not be delayed any longer.
iii. It was an act of rebellion. vi. Prophet Amos was silent/did not plead for God’s mercy for the
iv. Idols were powerless/could not save them. Israelites.
vii. This meant that punishment was inevitable.

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2018 4 b) Outline the teaching of Prophet Amos on the day of the Lord. - 7 hence God was not going to forgive the Israelite. This time he would
marks destroy the places of worship and the dynasty of Jeroboam.
i. The day of the Lord would be full of darkness/no light/eclipse. iv. The vision of a basket of summer fruits: Amos saw a basket of ripe
ii. It would be a day of horror/disaster. fruits at the end of the fruit harvest. It showed that the time for the
iii. The day of the Lord will be a day of disappointment to the rich/rulers. Israelites to be punished was ripe. Amos did not plead with God thus
iv. God would punish the Israelites for their disobedience/He will punishment was inevitable.
remember their evil deed/God’s judgement would be upon them. v. Vision of the destruction of the altar: In this last vision prophet Amos
v. There would be earthquakes/the land shall tremble/floods saw God standing by the altar /He ordered the destruction of the
vi. There will be mourning/wailing or the day of the Lord. pillars of the temple/all the worshippers were being struck. This
vii. People will not delight in their feasts/festivals. showed that the wicked people would be killed/destroyed/none would
viii. People will thirst/hunger for the word of God. escape death.
ix. People will faint in the process of searching for the word of God. 2019 4 b) Outline seven ways in which the rich oppressed the poor in Israel
x. Israelites would be defeated by their enemies on the day of the Lord. during the time of Prophet Amos. - 7 marks
xi. There would be famine/hunger/lack of food on the day of the Lord. i. The merchants robbed the poor by overcharging them on goods/
xii. It will be a day of disappointment to the Israelites/there will be no services
happiness/joy. ii. The poor were sold for apiece of silver/pair of sandals
2018 4 c) State seven ways in which Christians help the church leaders to iii. The rich grabbed land/grains/food belonging to the poor
perform their duties effectively. - 7 marks iv. The merchants used false/faulty weighing scales
i. Christians support church leaders financially/give material help/basic v. The rich sold goods that were unfit for human consumption to the
needs. poor /refuse
ii. They defend them against unfair criticism. vi. Poor people were paid unfair wage/underpaid for the labour provided
iii. By encouraging them in their work/giving them moral support. to the rich
iv. Advising/counseling them on various issues. vii. The poor were sold to slavery for being unable to pay the debts
v. By praying for/with them. viii. They were charged high interest rates for the banked money
vi. Respecting them/participate in church activities. ix. The poor were denied justice in law courts due to bribing of judges by
vii. By practicing their teaching/obeying the word of God. the rich/the cases for poor was thrown out of courts
viii. By giving tithes/offering to support the church activities. x. The poor were persecuted/oppressed when they challenged the
2019 4 a) Explain four visions of Prophet Amos concerning the judgement injustices done
that would befall Israel. - 8 marks xi. The rich failed to return the garments taken as pledge/they used the
i. Vision of the locusts: Amos saw God sending a great swam of locusts garments as bedding in the temple
which was about to destroy all plants /food in the land. Amos pleaded xii. Wives of the rich pressured their husbands to exploit the poor to meet
with God to forgive the people. God forgave them. their luxurious lifestyles
ii. The vision of fire: Amos saw a supernatural fire that had already 2019 4 c) Give five ways through which the Christians in Kenya can avoid
burned up the water/ was about to consume the earth. God was going God’s punishment today. - 5 marks
to destroy Israel by sending a supernatural fire. Amos pleaded with i. Christians can avoid God’s punishment by obeying his
God and He withheld the punishment. commands/instructions.
iii. The vision of the plumb line: Amos saw God standing with a plumb ii. By reading/putting to practice the word of God
line in his hands by a wall. The wall was crooked and God was going to iii. By leading exemplary lives/ being role models
punish the people of Israel. Prophet Amos did not plead for the people iv. Taking care of the less fortunate/carrying out charitable activities.

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 v. Taking care of God’s creation viii. The church advocates for equal distribution of resources/fights for the
vi. By praying and fasting rights of the less privileged in the society.
vii. Preaching the word of God ix. Members of the church lead exemplary lives by being just/fair. The
2020 4 a) Identify seven ways in which the Israelites disobeyed God during church punishes its errant members.
the time of Prophet Amos. - 7 marks x. The church reports those who commit social injustices to the relevant
i. The Israelites practiced idolatry/hypocritical religion. authorities/expose culprits.
ii. There was murder. xi. Creation of job opportunities/economic empowerment.
iii. The rich oppressed the poor/sold them as slaves. 2021 (a) Religious background to the call of Prophet Amos (5mks)
iv. There was sexual immorality/temple prostitution. i. The people of Israel interacted with neighboring nations which influenced
v. There was cheating in business/use of false scales. their way of worship
vi. The rich were selfish/greedy/lived in excessive luxury. ii. The Israelites practiced idolatry/temple prostitution
vii. There was drunkenness in Israel/forcing the Nazarites to drink wine. iii. The religion of the Israelites was hypocritical
viii. There was bribery/injustice in courts of law. iv. The main centres of worship were at Bethel, Dan and Gilgal
ix. There was robbery/violence. v. There was emphasis on external observances at the expense of sincere
2020 4 b) Outline the teaching of Prophet Amos on Israel’s election. - 6 worship.
marks vi. The people of Israel continued to worship Yahweh alongside other gods/
i. Israel’s election was out of God’s initiative. practiced syncretism
ii. The election made them a holy nation/God’s chosen nation. vii. There was prevalence of false prophets/priests in Israel who were loyal to the
iii. Israel was given a special responsibility by God to serve him. King.
iv. Failure to meet the responsibility to God would attract God’s
punishment. 2021 (b) The teaching of Prophet Amos on the Remnant and Restoration (8ks)
v. God could choose any other nation if Israel failed to serve Him. i. The Remnant were the small group that would survive God’s
vi. The Israelites were delivered from bondage in Egypt by God because of punishment/destruction
the election. ii. Prophet Amos taught that those who would repent sincerely would be
vii. God raised priests/prophets I gave them laws to guide them in the spared
covenant way of life. iii. The remnant would recover their homes/rebuild reunited cities/live
viii. God gave them land to possess. forever
ix. He led them in the wilderness iv. The restored Kingdom would enjoy material prosperity
2020 4 c) Give ways in which the church is promoting social justice in Kenya v. After the exile Judah and Israel would be restored/reunited into a
today. - 7 marks strong Kingdom
i. By educating the public on social justice/providing civic vi. Through the remnant, God’s promises would be fulfilled/blessings
education/holding seminars/workshops. would come to the nation
ii. By respecting/obeying the laws of the country as laid down by the vii. The restored people would enjoy the fruit of their labour
government viii. God would be their God again and they would be his people
iii. By helping the needy in the society. ix. The restoration would come only after God’s judgement
iv. By preaching on social justice. x. Israelites would never be taken to exile again
v. The church guides and counsels victims of social injustice.
vi. The church condemns injustice in the society.
vii. The church prays for people (leaders to practice social justice.

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 2021 (c) Reasons why Christians are encouraged to repent their sins (7mks) - Just like a crooked wall must be destroyed, God's punishment for Israel was
i. Christians are encouraged to repent their sins as a demonstration of their inevitable.
obedience to biblical teachings - God would destroy the high places of worship/ the kingdom of Jeroboam II.
ii. So as to lead holy/righteous lives - Prophet Amos was silent when God pronounced this punishment/ did not
iii. To be good examples to other/ role models intervene. (6x1 =6 marks)
iv. To be able to prepare for the Kingdom of God
v. For their faith to be strengthened 2022 c) State seven ways in which the church is carrying out its prophetic role
vi. Christians should repent in order to received God’s blessings in Kenya today.(7 marks)
vii. To co-exist harmoniously with others i. The church is carrying out its prophetic role by preaching the Good
viii. To avoid the punishment/judgement news.
ii. By condemning evil in the society.
2022 a) Identify the characteristics of the true prophets in the Old Testament. iii. By providing guidance and counselling to the people/advise.
(7 marks) iv. By providing civic education to the people.
i. The prophets were called/ commissioned by God/ received revelation from v. Through the translation of the Bible into local languages/ distributing
God through dreams/ visions/ direct command/ familiar objects. Bibles/ Christian literature.
ii. They were God's spokesmen. vi. Advocating for just laws/ championing for human rights.
iii. They spoke with authority/ courage/ communicated God's message without vii. By helping the needy/ less fortunate.
fear. - Pronounced God’s judgement/ hope for restoration. viii. By leading righteous/ exemplary lives/ being role models.
iv. Their prophecies were fulfilled/ came to pass. ix. By praying for the people/ mediators/ intercessors.
v. They were not paid for their services/ did not work for material gain.
vi. They spoke the truth in all circumstances/ condemned evil in the society.
vii. True prophets called people to repentance/ come back to the covenant way
of life.
viii. They were rejected/ persecuted for their work/ faced opposition.
ix. They led a righteous/ exemplary lives.
x. They practiced monotheism/ worshipped the one true God.
xi. They acted as mediators between God and the people. QUESTION NUMBER: 5
xii. They accepted God’s call in obedience.
xiii. They had a personal knowledge of God/ Yahweh.
xiv. They understood the nature of their prophecies. KCSE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL
2022 ( b) Explain the vision of the plumb line as shown to Prophet Amos by
God. (6 marks) 2006 5 a) Outline the problems that Nehemiah encountered in rebuilding
- Prophet Amos saw a crooked wall being checked using a plumb line. the wall of Jerusalem. - 10 marks
- The wall was leaning over/ about to collapse. i. Lack of support and cooperation when rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem
- The wall represents Israel. from the nobles of Tekoa.
- God told the prophet that he was going to measure His people using a plumb ii. His work of rebuilding the wall was ridiculed and despised by Sanballat
line. and Tobiah.
- God would no longer overlook their sin. iii. He was falsely accused of rebellion and treason.

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 iv. There was a plot to kill him through the treachery of Sanballat. v. After his condemnation of oppression of the poor, Nehemiah prayed
v. Oppression of the poor by the rich which was against the covenant way asking God to reward Him.
of life. vi. When his enemies planned to kill him
vi. There was violation and negligence of Sabbath observance. vii. When Shemaiah attempted to frighten him to hide in the Temple
vii. The Jews had lost their cultural identity through intermarriages with claiming there was a plot to kill him.
foreigners. viii. When he cleansed and organized the Temple liturgy for its proper use
viii. Threats of attacks derailed the work of reconstruction. (5x2=10 marks) as the house of God.
2006 5 b) Identify the symbolic acts used by prophet Jeremiah to ix. After warning the people of Judah against violating the Sabbath law.
demonstrate God’s judgment and punishment to the Israelites. - marks x. After chasing away the son-in-Law of Sanballat the Horonite.
i. Buying a new linen waistcloth, wearing it and burying it in crevices of xi. After cleansing the Israelites of foreign influence. (8x1=8 marks)
the rock. 2007 5 b) In what ways did Nehemiah demonstrate qualities of a good
ii. Jeremiah was not supposed to marry. leader during his time? - 7 marks
iii. Reworking of clay vessels by the potter. i. Nehemiah was wise and decisive. He made wise decisions while
iv. Vision of two baskets of figs, one with good figs and another with bad reconstructing the Temple.
ones. ii. He was a role model. He led by example in reconstruction work.
v. Jeremiah's wearing of the ox yoke. iii. He was prayerful. He always prayed and consulted God for guidance
vi. Breaking of the earthen flask. (4x1=4 marks) before making important decisions and to express his thanks to Him.
2006 5 c) What lessons do Christians learn from prophet Jeremiah to iv. He was courageous. He displayed courage even when His life was in
teaching on the new covenant? - marks danger that came from His enemies.
i. Christians should internalize the Law of God in their hearts. Christians v. He was trustworthy. He was trusted as a cup bearer of the Persian
should have personal relationship with God. king.
ii. They learn that they are individually responsible for their sins. vi. His honesty made him to be the king's attendant.
iii. They learn that there is forgiveness of sins if one repents. vii. He was hard working and committed. He was dedicated to the work of
iv. Christian have an everlasting relationship with God rebuilding the Jerusalem wall.
v. Those who repent their sins have a new beginning viii. He was patient. He was patient with His people and cared about their
vi. They learn the need to have faith in God. welfare.
vii. They learn that they are the new community of Yahweh. ix. He was an inspirational leader. He inspired the people to respond to
viii. They learn that the new covenant is fulfilled in the coming of Jesus His call of rebuilding the Temple.
Christ. x. He was patriotic. Nehemiah loved the people and the country which
ix. They learn to obey and practice the law of God. was the ancestral land.
2007 5 a) Explain the different occasions when Nehemiah prayed. - 8 marks xi. He had planning and organizational skills. Nehemiah had an idea on
i. When he learnt about the suffering of the Jews back in Judah and the how long the project would take and organized the needed timber.
ruined state of Jerusalem. (7x1=7 marks)
ii. Before making his request to king Artaxerxes to be permitted to return 2007 5 c) What is the importance of prayer in the life of a Christian today? -
back to Judah. 5 marks
iii. When his enemies ridiculed the Jews to discourage them from i. Through prayer Christians express their faith in God.
rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem. ii. Christians praise God for His greatness and goodness in prayer.
iv. When he learnt about the conspiracy by his enemies to stop the iii. Christians enter into a relationship with God through prayer.
construction work iv. Christians request for their needs through prayer.

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 v. Christians ask God for forgiveness through prayers. viii. By withdrawing some privileges for a period of time so that one can
vi. Communal or public prayers bring us together as believers of Christ. reform.
vii. Christians express their thanksgiving to God through prayer. ix. Through sharing meals. (5x1=5 marks)
viii. Prayer enables Christians to overcome difficulties and distress, 2009 5 a) State four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed
ix. Prayers enable Christians to listen to God and express His will. (5x1=5 their covenant with God during the time of Nehemiah (Nehemiah 10: 28-
marks) 29) - 8 marks
2008 5 a) Explain the significance of the symbolic act of buying land by i. They would never intermarry with foreigners (Neh. 10:30).
prophet Jeremiah. - 8 marks ii. They would obey all commandments by God.
i. It shows that the people of Judah still had a future despite the coming iii. They would observe the holy days including the Sabbath.
crisis. iv. They would provide sacrifices and offerings for the Temple and arrange
ii. It was an assurance that people would be restored back to their homeland. for provision of wood for burnt sacrifices according to the law.
iii. It portrayed that people would resume normal lives. v. Every seventh year, they would cancel their debts.
iv. It showed that divine judgment was not an end to itself. vi. They would dedicate their firstborn sons and flocks according to the
v. It symbolized that people would wait patiently for their return from exile. law.
vi. It showed that restoration was to take place at God's own time. vii. They would pay tithes in accordance with the law.
vii. It showed that God is faithful He keeps the promise of restoring Israelites to viii. They would offer their first fruits of the harvest to God according to the
their ancestral land. law.
viii. It made them secure and that they will not lack anything. (4x2=8 marks) ix. They would contribute annual Temple expenses and ensure that the
2008 5 b) Outline the sufferings of prophet Jeremiah during his ministry. - 7 house of God is not neglected.(Neh. 10:32-32)
marks x. They would dwell in the city of Jerusalem and defend it.
i. He was rejected by his own close relatives. 2009 5 b) Identify five final reforms carried out by Nehemiah to restore the
ii. He was falsely accused of blasphemy. Worship of God in Judah - 5 marks
iii. He was threatened with death because of speaking for God. i. Separation of Israelites from foreigners.
iv. He lived a lonely life. ii. Cleansing of the temple.
v. He went through spiritual struggle as he saw the wicked prosper while iii. Reinstatement of the Levites and temple workers.
the righteous suffer. iv. Appointing treasurers for the temple storehouses.
vi. He was physically assaulted. v. Reform of Sabbath observance.
vii. He was humiliated in public and mocked vi. Purification of priesthood and offices of the Levites. (5xl=5marks)
viii. He was arrested and put on trial. 2009 5 c) Write down seven problems that Christian leaders in Kenya face
ix. He was imprisoned in dry cell. (7x1=7 marks) in their work today - 7 marks
2008 5 c) State five ways in which Christians resolve conflicts among i. Opposition from political leaders.
themselves - 5 marks ii. Lack of cooperation from members of the church
i. They pray over the issue. iii. False prophets in the society.
ii. They offer guidance and counseling to the affected. iv. Existence of black magic and witchcraft.
iii. By involving church leaders as arbitrators. v. Misinterpretation of the scriptures.
iv. By visiting the offenders. vi. Drug abuse among members.
v. Encouraging the offender to accept mistakes. vii. Insecurity in some parts of the country.
vi. By forgiving the one who has wronged the other viii. Lack of adequate time for pastoral care.
vii. Through shaking of hands. ix. Poor infrastructure that makes it impossible to reach some areas.

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 x. Lacks of adequate resources to enable them do their work effectively. ii. Ezra, the priest read the law and explained it to the people
xi. Permissiveness in society leading to moral decadence. iii. People repented for failing to observe the Mosaic Law.
xii. Negative influence from mass media especially pornography. (7x1=7 iv. Late they constructed makeshift tents (shelters) to celebrate the feat
marks) of booths.
2010 5 a) Give six reasons why Jeremiah was not willing to accept the call v. This was followed by the national day of confession where people
of God to become a prophet, - 6 marks fasted.
i. He was not sure of what could be done to him by the people because vi. Ezra led the people in the prayer of confession.
of the message he was to deliver to them (response to the message). vii. The covenant renewal ceremony was sealed by signing of an
ii. The task was too difficult / overwhelming for him. agreement under the leadership of Nehemiah.
iii. He lacked confidence viii. People made vows /promises not to disobey the Mosaic Law. ( 4x2=8
iv. He felt he was too young / inexperienced as prophet. marks)
v. He did not have the message to the people 2011 5 b) Give six reasons why Nehemiah carried out religious reforms in
vi. He did not know how to speak Judah. - 6 marks
vii. He was afraid of confronting the king. i. To preserve the identity of the Jews as people of God.
2010 5 b) Explain four evils condemned by Prophet Jeremiah during the ii. To separate the Jews from foreign influence
Temple sermon. 8 marks iii. To purify the temple that had been defiled by foreigners.
i. He condemned the false belief about the temple not being destroyed iv. To reinstate the services of the Levites as priests of the temple
because it was God's dwelling place. v. To restore the tithing system that had been forgotten for the up keep
ii. He condemned the hypocrisy. of the temple.
iii. He talked about the defilement of the temple by placing idols in it. vi. To ensure that the Sabbath day was free from business activities.
iv. He condemned idolatry. vii. In order to cleanse the Jews who had intermarried with foreigners.
v. He condemned the practice of human sacrifice. (6X1=6 marks)
vi. He condemned the stubbornness and rebellion of Israelites against 2011 5 c) What lessons do Christians learn from the renewal of the
God's warning. covenant by Nehemiah? - 6 marks
vii. He condemned oppression of the poor by the rich. (4x2= 8 marks) i. Christians should ask for their sins to be forgiven.
2010 5 c) State six ways in which Church leaders communicate God's ii. Christians should lead righteous lives.
message to people in Kenya today, - 6 marks iii. Christians should always pray to God.
i. By giving out Bibles and other biblical publications. iv. Christians should demonstrate humility.
ii. Holding Christian public crusades and rallies v. They should avoid groups that can negatively influence their faith in
iii. Through conducting pastoral care and counseling. God.
iv. Through spiritual healing. vi. They should teach each other the word of God.
v. Through conducting door to door evangelism services vii. They should set aside a day of worship.
vi. Providing material support to the needy. viii. They should respect the church as a place of prayer. (6x1=6 mark
vii. Through leading exemplary lives. 2012 5 a) From the call of Jeremiah, identify eight qualities of God
viii. Through singing songs of praise. (Jeremiah 1). - 8 marks
ix. Through electronic media. (6xl=6marks) i. God is the creator- He formed Jeremiah in his mothers' womb.
2011 5 a) Outline the stages followed in the renewal of the covenant ii. God is all-knowing-He knew Jeremiah before he was born.
during the time of Nehemiah. - 8 marks iii. God is planner- He had good plans for Jeremiah.
i. People gathered in the public square in Jerusalem iv. God is holy-He anointed and blessed Jeremiah.

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 v. God punishes evil- He intends to punish people because of| 2013 5 a) Outline the measures taken by Nehemiah to restore the Jewish
abandoning Him. community after the completion of the wall of Jerusalem. - 7 marks
vi. God is just- He intended to execute justice to the Israelites. i. Nehemiah organized for the Mosaic Law to be read and interpreted to
vii. He is caring/concerned about all the Israelites. the people.
viii. God is merciful/forgiving to those who repent. ii. He led the Jews in the celebration of the Feast of Booths.
ix. God is a protector-He promised to protect Jeremiah from his enemies. iii. The people held a national day of confession of their sins.
x. He is powerful/almighty/omnipotent. iv. The covenant was sealed through signing of the agreement by
xi. He is beyond human understanding/transcendent. Nehemiah.
xii. He is everywhere/omnipresent in the whole of Israel nation. v. He led the people in taking of an oath of obedience to the Mosaic Law.
xiii. He is the Provider-He provided the message for Jeremiah. (8x1=8 vi. Nehemiah re-distributed the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
marks) vii. He dedicated the gates of Jerusalem in a ceremonial procession.
2012 5 b) Give six characteristics of the New Covenant foreseen by prophet viii. Through the reading of the law, the Jews isolated themselves from
Jeremiah. - 6 marks foreigners.
i. God's laws would be written in people's hearts. ix. Nehemiah cleansed the temple and brought singers to their positions.
ii. There would be personal knowledge of God. x. He stopped traders from carrying out commercial activities at the
iii. It would be an everlasting covenant. temple gates in a ceremonial procession.
iv. here would be spontaneous forgiveness of sins. xi. Nehemiah made Jews take an oath not to marry children of foreigners.
v. The new covenant would bring into being new community of xii. He stopped traders from carrying out commercial activities at the gates
Yahweh's people. on the Sabbath day. (7xl=7marks)
vi. Yahweh would bring about a change of human nature by giving 2013 5 b) Explain why Nehemiah introduced the policy of separation of
Israel a new heart. Jews from foreigners. - 8 marks
vii. The restored community would be ruled by a righteous king raised i. Nehemiah wanted to keep the Jewish community pure.
from the house of David. ii. The Jews were an ethnic minority which needed to preserve their
viii. Each individual would be responsible for his/her sins. (6x1=6 identity.
marks) iii. Judah was a small and vulnerable nation in large Persian Empire which
2012 5 c) Give six ways in which Christians can assist victims of disasters. - needed to remain united.
6 marks iv. There were conflicts between post exilic Jews and those who had
i. By donating food and clothing for them remained behind over land ownership.
ii. By providing shelter for them. v. The Jews returning from exile needed to be isolated and united
iii. By resettling them in safe areas because the Jews who had remained behind were defiled, through
iv. Offering guidance and counseling intermarriages.
v. Through offering health care vi. Intermarriages posed a threat through land inheritance.
vi. By re-uniting them with their families vii. Intermarriages would lead the Jews into Idolatry due to foreign
vii. By providing financial assistance influence of foreign wives.
viii. By taking preventive measures against future disaster/training viii. Reforms could not be effectively carried out without separation from
ix. Through visiting them. foreigners
x. Praying for or with them. ix. The desire to keep Jewish community pure after the exile through birth
xi. Preaching to them. (6x1=6 marks) and religious loyalty. (4x2=8 marks)

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 2013 5 c) Identify five ways in which the government of Kenya supports ix. When he cleansed and organized the Temple liturgy for its proper use as
church leaders in their work. - 5 marks God's house.
i. The government gives financial assistance for development. x. After reinstating the Levites and priests to perform their normal duties
ii. The government supports church-sponsored institutions xi. After warning the people of Judah against violating the Sabbath law
iii. The government allows freedom of worship. xii. After chasing away the son-in-Law of Sanballat from the temple.
iv. By availing facilities to host church workshops, seminars and conferences xiii. After cleansing the Israelites of foreign influence. (5x1=5 marks)
v. By including CRE in the curriculum 2014 5 c) State the importance of prayer in the life of a Christian. - 8 marks
vi. By employing some of them as chaplains in education institutions and in i. Prayer is a way of communicating with God.
the armed forces ii. Through prayer, Christians strengthen their faith in God.
vii. By organizing national prayer days iii. Through prayer, Christians confess their sins to God for forgiveness
viii. By supporting leaders in conducting their charitable services iv. Christians ask for their needs through prayer.
ix. The government has granted permission to the church to operate media v. Prayers promote unity among believers
station. vi. Christians praise God through prayer.
x. The government recognizes the church calendar (5x1= 5 marks) vii. Christians intercede for others through prayer.
2014 5 a) Describe the political background to Nehemiah. - 5 marks viii. Christians emulate the example of Jesus though prayer.
i. The Kingdom of Judah had been taken over by Babylon ix. A public prayer promotes unity among believers.
ii. The Babylonians had destroyed the walls of the city of Jerusalem. The King x. Christians express their thanksgiving to God through pray (8x1= 8
and royal court officials were exiled to Babylon. marks)
iii. The Persian Kings ruled their subjects through governors. 2015 5 a) With reference to the teaching of Prophet Jeremiah on
iv. The conquered people were to pay tribute to Persia. judgement, state six ways in which God would punish the people of Judah. -
v. Through decrees, Cyrus authorizes the Jews to rebuild the Temple of 6 marks
Jerusalem. i. Jeremiah proclaimed that the people of Judah would be invaded by an
vi. The Persian King, Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to Judah three stages. enemy from the north.
vii. Nehemiah led the third group of Jews back to Judah. ii. The city of Jerusalem would be destroyed by a cruel and merciless
2014 5 b) Identify seven occasions when Nehemiah prayed. - 7 marks nation.
i. When he learnt about the suffering of the Jews in Judah and ruined state of iii. God would bring drought upon the land of Judah.
Jerusalem. iv. People of Judah would die of diseases and pestilence.
ii. Before making his request to king Artaxerxes to be permitted return back v. People of Judah would be killed by the sword.
to Judah. vi. They would lose their inheritance including vineyards and flocks to
iii. When his enemies ridiculed him and the Jews to discourage them from foreigners.
rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem. vii. People of Judah would be taken to exile. (6x1=6 marks)
iv. After he had stopped Israelites from intermarrying with foreigner 2015 5 b) In what ways did Prophet Jeremiah suffer while carrying out his
v. When he learnt about the conspiracy by his enemies to stop construction work in Judah? - 6 marks
work. i. There was a plot to kill prophet Jeremiah by his people at Anathoth.
vi. After his condemnation of oppression of the poor, Nehemiah prayed asking ii. He was tormented by the prosperity of the wicked.
God to reward Him. iii. He suffered loneliness and isolation from the people.
vii. When his enemies threatened to kill him. iv. He was in constant conflict with leaders.
viii. When Shemaiah attempted to frighten him to hide in the Temp claiming v. He was mocked and ridiculed by the people of Judah.
there was a plot to kill him. vi. He was physically assaulted and put in a cistern.

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 vii. He was beaten by Pashur the priest. v. He went through spiritual struggle as he saw the wicked prosper while
viii. He was arrested, chained and imprisoned. the righteous suffer.
ix. He was falsely accused of treason. vi. He was physically assaulted.
x. He was rejected by his family and relatives. (6x1=6 marks) vii. He was humiliated in public and mocked
2015 5 c) List eight moral values that a Christian can acquire from the of viii. He was arrested and put on trial
Prophet Jeremiah. - 8 marks ix. He was imprisoned in dry cell. (7x1=7 marks)|
i. Obedience 2016 5 c) Give five ways through which Christians settle disagreements
ii. Loyalty among themselves. - 5 marks
iii. Perseverance i. They pray over the issue.
iv. Patience ii. They offer guidance and counseling to the affected.
v. Self-control iii. By involving church leaders as arbitrators.
vi. Honesty iv. By visiting the offenders.
vii. Respect v. Encouraging the offender to accept mistakes.
viii. Holiness/ righteousness vi. By forgiving the one who has wronged the other.
ix. Hope vii. Through shaking of hands.
x. Humility viii. By withdrawing some privileges for a period of time so that one can
xi. Justice and fairness. (8x1=8 marks) reform.
2016 5 a) Describe the meaning of the symbolic act of buying land by the ix. Through sharing meals. (5x1=5 marks)
Prophet Jeremiah. - 8 marks 2017 5 a) Describe the personal life of Prophet Jeremiah. - 8 marks
i. It shows that the people of Judah still had a future despite the coming i. Jeremiah was born in Anathoth near Jerusalem.
crisis. ii. He was the son of Hilkiah the priest.
ii. It was an assurance that people would be restored back to their iii. While he was still a young man, he received God’s call. Jeremiah’s call
homeland. was in form of a dialogue with God.
iii. It portrayed that the people would resume normal lives. iv. He had deep knowledge of history/law of Moses/teachings of earlier
iv. It showed that divine judgment was not an end to itself. prophets.
v. It symbolized that people would wait patiently for their return from v. He led a lonely life/he did not marry/raise a family/did not attend
exile. social gatherings.
vi. It showed that restoration was to take place at God's own time. vi. He was rejected by people because of his prophetic mission.
vii. It showed that God is faithful. He will keep the promise of restoring vii. He suffered spiritually/emotionally but persevered.
Israelites to their ancestral land. viii. He was imprisoned for his message.
viii. It made them secure and that they will not lack anything. (4x2=8 ix. Jeremiah fled to Egypt for refuge/is believed to have died there.
marks) 2017 5 b) Explain the circumstances that led the Israelites to be taken to
2016 5 b) Explain the challenges faced by the Prophet Jeremiah during his exile in Babylon during the time of Prophet Jeremiah. - 7 marks
ministry. - 7 marks i. The Israelites had forsaken the covenant way of life.
i. He was rejected by his own close relatives. ii. They had forsaken the religion of their forefathers/worshipped idols.
ii. He was falsely accused of blasphemy. iii. Israelites had persecuted/rejected the prophets of Yahweh.
iii. He was threatened with death because of speaking for God. iv. They ignored the message of the true prophets.
iv. He lived a lonely life. v. Their rulers were weak/did nothing to return the Israelites to the
covenant way of life.

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 vi. Nebuchadnezzar had defeated the Egyptians/made it easy for his army eaten while the other one had good figs. The good figs represented the
to match north. first group who submitted to the Babylonians
vii. Their King surrendered leading to their deportation to Babylon as ii. The buying of land: God instructed Jeremiah to buy land from his
exiles. cousin in Anathoth. He carried out the transaction before
viii. There were intermarriages with foreigners. witnesses/gave the Title Deed to Baruch the scribe for safe keeping.
ix. There were false prophets/priests who spoke lies/failed to speak the This showed restoration of the Israelites to their homeland.
truth. iii. The wooden Ox yoke: This symbolized the perseverance of the Jews in
x. The Israelites did not repent their sins as warned by Prophet Jeremiah. exile. After a period in exile, God would break the Babylonian
2017 5 c) State the relevance of prophet Jeremiah’s suffering to Christians yoke/restore the people back to the land/they would be set free.
today. - 5 marks iv. The letter to the exiles: Jeremiah wrote the letter to encourage the
i. Christians should remain faithful to the call of God irrespective of exiles. They were to settle/build houses/have children/live in peace
challenges that they are facing. because they would return to Israel.
ii. They must be ready/willing to proclaim the word of God always/at any v. Jeremiah's visit to the potter’s house;
time. 2018 5 c) Give six lessons Christians learn from Prophet Jeremiah’s temple
iii. They should depend on God/be prayerful/draw their strength from sermon. - 6 marks
God. i. Christians should have absolute trust/faith in God.
iv. Christians should expect opposition while serving God. ii. They should warn people about judgement/punish the sinners/call
v. Christians should forgive their offenders/not take vengeance. They sinners to repentance.
should be aware of false prophets in their midst. iii. Christians should denounce/condemn social evils in the society.
vi. They should endure/persevere during their suffering. iv. Christians should help the needy/widows/orphans.
2018 5 a) State the evils condemned by Prophet Jeremiah during the v. They should be sincere in worship/shun hypocrisy/syncretism.
temple sermon. - 6 marks vi. They should respect/ honour places of worship.
i. Prophet Jeremiah condemned the false belief that the temple could vii. They should obey the word of God.
not be destroyed since it was God’s dwelling place. 2019 5 a) Outline the content of Prophet Jeremiah’s letter to the exiles in
ii. He condemned the worship of other gods/idolatry. Babylon. - 6 marks
iii. He condemned the practice of human sacrifice which was against the i. To build houses and live in them
commands of God. ii. Plant garden and eat their produce.
iv. He condemned hypocrisy among the people/syncretism/insincere iii. To marry and have children
worship. iv. To live in peace and promote the welfare of the cities where they were
v. Prophet Jeremiah condemned the defilement of the temple/the living.
people had put idols in it. v. To pray for their master.
vi. He condemned the oppression of the foreigners/widows/orphans vi. Not to listen to the words of false prophets and diviners
which was against the covenant way of life. vii. God would restore them back to their Lord after seventy years.
vii. He condemned the stubbornness of the Israelites against God’s viii. God would punish those who remain in Judah for failing to listen to him.
warnings/had ignored the teachings of the prophets/failed to repent. ix. To trust in God and not give up
2018 5 b) Explain four symbolic acts related to hope and restoration as 2019 5 b) Give seven reasons why Prophet Jeremiah condemned the
demonstrated by Prophet Jeremiah. - 8 marks practice of human sacrifice in Judah. - 7 marks
i. The vision of two baskets of figs: Jeremiah saw a vision of two baskets i. It was an act of idolatry which is against the second commandment
of figs outside the temple. One basket had bad fruits that could not be ii. It indicated the infidelity of the Israelites to their one true God

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 iii. It demonstrated Israel’s disrespect for the sacred gift of life Showed iii. To purify the temple which had been defiled by keeping a foreigner.
lack of knowledge of the true nature of God iv. To reinstate the services of the Levites as priests/singers of the temple.
iv. It defiled the land given to the Israel by God by spilling innocent blood v. To restore the tithing system that had been forgotten for the upkeep
v. Showed lack of love for one another/brotherhood of the temple
vi. It would lead them to severe punishment/provoked God’s anger vi. To ensure that the Sabbath day was free from business activities/kept
vii. Broke the 6th commandment – not to kill holy.
2019 5 c) Identify seven ways in which Christians can help to reduce human vii. He wanted the Israelites to remain faithful to the covenant way of life.
suffering today. in Kenya - 7 marks viii. He wanted to uphold the Hebrew language of the covenant people
i. Donating food and clothing to the victims of suffering which had been neglected due to intermarriages.
ii. Providing relief-aid to victims of war and famine stricken areas. ix. To restore true worship of God
iii. Providing civic education on the rights of individuals 2020 5 c) Identify seven ways in which the Government of Kenya supports
iv. Advocating for laws which are not discriminative the Church in their work. - 7 marks
v. Condemning acts which leads to suffering i. The government has allowed freedom of worship/given permission to
vi. Advocating for equitable distribution of resources churches to operate electronic media stations.
vii. Providing guidance and counseling to the victims of suffering ii. By allowing Christian Religious Education to be taught in
viii. Voting out corrupt leaders. schools/colleges.
ix. Creating job opportunities iii. The government recognizes the church calendar/holy days.
x. Being just and fair to others. iv. By setting aside land for construction of churches.
2020 5 a) Describe the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem under the v. The government gives financial/material support to churches for
leadership of Nehemiah. (Nehemiah 12: 27-47) - 7 marks development/carry out their charitable services.
i. Nehemiah summoned the Levites/priests/political leaders to come to vi. By employing some church leaders as Chaplains in various government
Jerusalem to give thanks to God. institutions.
ii. The sons of the singers gathered around Jerusalem/they sang/praised vii. The government supports church sponsored institutions.
using musical instruments. viii. By availing facilities for the church to hold their activities/provides
iii. The Levites/priests purified themselves. security.
iv. The gates/wall were purified. ix. By involving church leaders in national prayer days/national holidays.
v. Nehemiah brought the prince of Judah. x. Through the development of the infrastructure which makes the
vi. Nehemiah appointed two groups which went in two processions. spread of the gospel/evangelism easy.
vii. One group led by Ezra went to the right while the other group led by 2021 (a) The call of Jeremiah to become a prophet of God ( Jeremiah 1:4-19)
Nehemiah went to the left/they then converged in the house of God. - When God called Jeremiah, He told him that He knew him before He formed
viii. The people led by the priests offered sacrifices of dedication to God. him in the womb/appointed him to become a prophet.
ix. Women/children rejoiced/was a moment of great joy. - Jeremiah was reluctant and told God that he did not know how to speak/he
x. Nehemiah then chose people who would ensure that the was a youth.
contributions/tithes/offerings were handled well - God commanded him to take up the call/told him to speak whatever God
xi. A service of purification was performed would tell him.
2020 5 b) Give reasons why Nehemiah carried out religious reforms in - God assured Jeremiah He would be with him/ would deliver him.
Judah. - 6 marks - The Lord touched Jeremiah’s mouth/put his words in Jeremiah’s mouth
i. To preserve the identity of the Jews as the people of God. - God told Jeremiah that his ministry would be to prophesy God’s
ii. To separate the Jews from foreign influence (idolatry). judgement/punishment/restoration/hope to the nations

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 - God showed Jeremiah two vision/a rod of almond/ a boiling pot facing away 3. Wearing of the waistcloth - This showed Yahweh would break the pride of
from the north. their people by having them serve other nations.
- The Lord said that He was watching over His word to perform it/would bring 4. Jeremiah s visit to the potter- God would remold Judah if she did not
punishment on Judah from the North. conform to His plan.
- The Lord warned Jeremiah warned Jeremiah that he would face opposition 5. Two baskets of Figs-Good figs represent those who had gone to exile. God
- The Lord promised Jeremiah protection/would make him a fortified city/ iron would preserve these people/ Remnant. Bad figs represented the people who
pillar and bronze wall. did not go to exile. These people will be destroyed completely.
2021 (b) Reasons why Prophet Jeremiah Condemned necromancy in Judah 6. Wearing of the wooden ox-yoke indicated that the Israelites would serve
(6mks) under Babylonian rule and under oppression.(5x 1=5 marks)
i. Necromancy demonstrated the people’s lack of faith in God. 2022 b) Outline seven teachings of Prophet Jeremiah on the new covenant.
ii. Necromancy was disobedience to God’s commands. (7 marks)
iii. It encouraged syncretism because the people trusted magical powers as well - There would be personal knowledge of God in the new covenant.
as God. - The law of God would be written in people's hearts.
iv. It showed lack of knowledge by the people of Judah of the one true God. - Each individual will be responsible for his/ her sins.
v. It was an evil used by magicians to give people false hope. - New covenant would bring into being a new community of Yahweh's people
vi. It was a form of deception that led people away from God - God's people would be given a new heart.
vii. The practice of necromancy prevented the people from seeking forgiveness - There would be spontaneous forgiveness of sins.
from God/repentance - The new covenant will be permanent/ everlasting.
viii. It would bring God’s punishment upon the people of Judah - People would respond to the new covenant with faith and obedience.
ix. It defiled the holy land. - God would take the initiative to establish the new covenant.
2021 (c) Obstacle that may hinder person from accepting the call of God - The new Covenant will be universal. (7x1-7 marks)
(7mks). 2022 c) Identify eight ways used by church leaders in Kenya to communicate
i. Family commitment God's message to the people. (8 marks)
ii. Poverty/financial constraints i. Church leaders communicate God's message through sermons/ church
iii. Level of education services/
iv. Materialism/job commitment. ii. Congregations/ crusades/ door to door evangelism.
v. Fear of persecution/rejection/ridicule. iii. Some church leaders communicate God's message by performing
vi. Negative peer pressure/discouragement from other people miracles/ faith healing.
vii. Inability to uphold the high moral standard expected iv. Some church leaders write Christian literature/ books/ magazines.
viii. Limitation due to age/gender factors v. Some compose/ sing songs/ drama.
ix. Insecurity in some areas of the country vi. By leading exemplary lives.
x. Poor health. vii. Through guidance and counseling/giving advice.
2022 . a) Explain five symbolic acts used by Prophet Jeremiah to demonstrate viii. By using audio-visual devices/ social media.
God's judgement and punishment to the Israelites. (5 marks) ix. Through acts of charity/ helping the needy.
1. Jeremiah's personal life- God instructed prophet Jeremiah not to marry. This x. By organizing seminars/ workshops/ training Sessions.
symbolized the fate that would befall the Israelites. They would become
lonely/ no peace in their families.
2. The breaking of an earthen vessel - this symbolized the destruction of
Jerusalem temple, Judah and its inhabitants.

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 QUESTION NUMBER: 6 vi. It brings poverty to the family especially if the dead one was the bread
winner.
vii. It is irrevocable.
KCSE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL viii. It deprives the community of individuals.
ix. It may cause misunderstanding in the community if one is suspected to
have caused death. (5x1=5 marks)
2007 6 a) What changes have taken place in the rite of initiation in Kenya
2006 6 a) Explain the importance of rituals performed during a naming today? - 8 marks
ceremony in traditional African communities. - 10 marks i. Female circumcision has been discouraged.
i. Bathing of the baby sets in the beginning of a new life. ii. Circumcision can be done at any age.
ii. Shaving of the mother's hair symbolizes new status. iii. Some communities take their children to hospital for circumcision.
iii. Choosing of the appropriate name to give to the baby is a sign of iv. Education of initiates is no longer offered by traditional sponsors.
identification of the baby and honouring of ancestors. Individual persons, churches and other bodies offer education.
iv. Giving presents to the baby or mother is a sign of good will. v. Initiation practices such as removal of teeth and tattooing of the body
v. Feasting is a sign of joy and welcoming of the baby. are being discouraged.
vi. Slaughtering of animals is a sign of thanksgiving to ancestors and God. vi. Some communities have minimized rituals associated with initiation.
vii. Saying prayers and words of blessings for the mother signifies long vii. The role of age set is fading away in some communities.
viii. Holding the baby by members of the community shows concern for it. viii. People are being discouraged from using the same circumcision
ix. Wearing of charms signifies protection for the baby and mother. instruments.
(5x2=10 marks) ix. Initiation practices are no longer a test of courage. (4x2=8 marks)
2006 6 b) Identify the moral values acquire during marriage in traditional 2007 6 b) Identify moral values taught to the youths during initiation to
African communities - 5 marks adulthood in traditional African communities. - 6 marks
i. Faithfulness. i. Courage
ii. Respect. ii. Hard work
iii. Hard work. iii. Generosity
iv. Love. iv. Honesty
v. Hospitality. v. Integrity
vi. Integrity. vi. Perseverance
vii. Humility. vii. Faithfulness
viii. Courage viii. Obedience
ix. Honesty. ix. Love
x. Co-operation. (6x1=6 marks) life. x. Responsibility
xi. Tolerance/ perseverance. (5x1=5 marks xi. Co-operation (6x1=6 marks)
2006 6 c) Why is death feared in traditional African communities? - 5 marks 2007 6 c) Give reasons why female circumcision is being discouraged in
i. Death disrupts the rhythm of human life. Kenya today. - 6 marks
ii. It comes unannounced. i. It can lead to sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDs due to
iii. It marks the end of life on earth and separates one from loved ones. use of the same instruments.
iv. It involves too many rituals. ii. It can lead to mutilation of the reproductive organs of the initiates.
v. Nobody knows about the life after death. iii. It is against human rights.

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 iv. It traumatizes the victim. viii. Moral decadence in the society. (6x1=6 marks)
v. It can lead to irresponsible sexual behavior. 2009 6 a) Outline six rituals performed during the birth of a baby in
vi. It can lead to school dropout. traditional African communities - 6 marks
vii. It can lead to early marriages. i. Prayers of thanksgiving are offered to God.
viii. It can lead to separation and divorce. ii. There is feasting by family and relatives.
ix. It can lead to disagreement and quarrels. iii. Protection charms are given to the mother.
x. It can lead to bleeding and death. (6x1=6 marks) iv. Sacrifices are offered to God.
v. The mother and the baby are kept in seclusion.
2008 6 a) Identify practices in traditional African communities that show vi. There is singing and dancing
their belief in life after death. - 8 marks vii. The umbilical cord is cut to separate the baby from the mother.
i. Naming children after the dead. viii. The mother's hair is shaved.
ii. Invoking the names of the dead during important occasions ix. Washing of the baby
iii. Proper dressing of the dead bodies before disposal. x. Ululations are made to announce the sex of the baby. (6x1=6 marks)
iv. Burying the dead with some property.
v. Taking care of the graveyards. 2009 6 b) Give six reasons why children are important in traditional African
vi. Pouring libation to the living dead and leaving some food for the living communities - 6 marks
dead. i. They ensure the continuity of the society.
vii. Offering sacrifices to the dead. (4x2=8 marks) ii. They inherit the parent property.
2008 6 b) State sic requirements that one had to fulfill to be an elder in the iii. They take care of their parents during old age.
traditional African communities. 6 marks iv. They cement the relationship between the husband and wife/make the
i. He must be initiated. marriage stable
ii. He must be married. v. They are a source of labour.
iii. He should be of good conduct. vi. They are a source of security to the family.
iv. He should have children. vii. They offer security to the society/act as warriors when they grow up.
v. He should have ability to provide for others. viii. They are a replacement of the dead relatives/ancestors. Children are a
vi. Must be supported by leaders of the society. source of wealth to the family community They run errands for the
vii. He should be of sound mind. community (6x1=6 marks)
viii. He should undergo the ritual of becoming an elder 2009 6 c) Explain four ways children are made responsible members in
ix. He should have support from leaders of the society. (6x1=6 marks) traditional African communities - 8 marks
2008 6 c) Identify the factors that are undermining the role of elders in i. Parents being role models to their children.
Kenya today. - 6 marks ii. Through informal education on the need to be responsible. Passing on
i. Modern technology. inheritance to their children.
ii. Intermarriage. iii. Encouraging and directing them to realize their potential self-
iii. Wealth has taken over 'age' as a symbol of status. actualization.
iv. Laws are made in parliament. Elders no longer make laws. iv. By being told stories, proverbs, songs and riddles relating to being
v. Western way of life tends to promote individualism. responsible.
vi. Most judicial duties have been taken over by the courts. v. By observing how adults perfume their duties
vii. Christianity has influenced the members who listen to their church vi. By rewarding those who perfume their duties through guidance and
leaders instead of elders. counseling. (4x2=8 marks

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2010 6 a) Name six places in which sacrifices are carried out in traditional ii. Members of the community include the unborn, the living and the
African communities, - 6 marks living dead.
i. Under trees/in forests. iii. They are related either by blood, marriage or adoption
ii. In caves. iv. The community members occupy the same geographical area region
iii. At river banks/seashore/lake shores. v. They carry out similar economic activities.
iv. Near rocks. vi. The community is made up of smaller units / clans
v. On mountains/hill tops. vii. Each community has its own distinct rules, taboos, beliefs, customs
vi. At waterfalls. and cultural practices.
vii. In shrines/temples. viii. Members of a community are expected to show concern for the well-
viii. In homes. being of others. (4x2=8 marks)
ix. Grave sides. (6xl=6marks) 2011 6 b) Explain six factors that have affected the traditional African
2010 6 b) Give seven reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African peoples' dependence on God, - 6 marks
communities, - 7 marks i. Introduction of western culture.
i. It is an act of worship. ii. Some people rely on witchcraft to solve their problems
ii. To ask God for blessings. iii. Some people rely on science and technology.
iii. It enables the people to maintain good relationship with God. iv. Greed for power and materialism makes people not fear God.
iv. As a way of asking for protection from God. v. Money economy where success depends on how much one earns.
v. To appease the ancestors for any wrongs done. vi. Negative peer pressure influences members to rely on themselves
vi. It is a way of acknowledging God as the source of life. other than God.
vii. As a thanksgiving to ancestors or spirits. vii. Pressure of modern living makes people too busy to serve God.
viii. To invite ancestors and spirits in the function or event. (4x2= 8marks) viii. Modern education influences beliefs of people concerning God. (6x1=6
2010 6 c) State seven roles of ancestors in traditional African communities, 2011 6 c) Outline six similarities between the Christian and
y - 7 marks traditional African ways of showing respect to God. - 6 marks
i. They act as mediators between God and ancestors. i. In both, members pray to God.
ii. They monitor what is happening in the community ii. In both, they give offerings to God.
iii. They bring punishment to the wrong doers. iii. In both, members sing songs.
iv. They bring blessings to the righteous. iv. In both, members show respect to God by helping those in need.
v. They give warning impending dangers to the community v. In both, they use God's name sparingly by not mentioning it carelessly.
vi. They preside over all religious ceremonies in the community They are vi. In both, members use God given resources carefully.
founders of different ethnic groups. vii. In both, members take care of religious leaders.
vii. They are custodians of traditional African moral, cultural and religious viii. In both, members obey the commands of God. (6x1=6 marks
values. 2012 6 a) Describe five ways in which people in traditional African
viii. They give guidance on how rituals should be conducted. communities communicate with God. - 5 marks
ix. They give a sense of identity to the community i. They make sacrifices to God.
x. They give instructions and guidance on all family members. ii. They sing and dance for God
xi. They provide names for the newborns in the family. (7x1=7 marks) iii. They offer prayers to God
2011 6 a) Describe the traditional African view of a community - 8 marks iv. Through recitation
i. The members speak a common language v. They give offerings
vi. Through burning incense (5x1= 5 marks)

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 2012 6 b) Give eight reasons for singing and dancing during initiation 2013 6 b) Explain the significance of rituals performed after the death of a
ceremonies in traditional African communities. - 8 marks person in traditional African communities. - 7 marks
i. The songs inform the participants of the history of the community i. Washing of the body before burial shows respect to the departed.
ii. They provide an opportunity for the members to socialize ii. Wailing as a sign of sorrow and announcing death
iii. It diverts the initiates minds from the impending pain iii. Making sacrifices to appease the ancestors
iv. The songs educate the participants on gender roles and relationships iv. Prayers are made to ask the ancestors to accept the dead in the world
v. Through singing and dancing the members exercise their bodies of spirits
vi. The songs encourage the initiates to face the challenge v. Shaving of members of the deceased family signify new life in the
vii. The songs rebuke cowardice community
viii. It exposes those with leadership qualities or talents vi. Singing and dancing depicts anger towards death
ix. They are used to mark the various stages of the initiation ceremonies/ vii. Burying of the dead in the ancestral land shows that one is still a
praising the initiate member of the community
x. It is a forum of prayer for the initiatives viii. Burying of the dead with personal belongings symbolize life after death
xi. It drives away evil spirits ix. Feasting and drinking is meant to bid farewell to the death.
xii. Singing and dancing is a form of entertainment. (8x1=8 marks) x. Breaking of pots or destruction of property symbolizes the disorder
2012 6 c) Give seven reasons why witchcraft is feared in traditional African brought about by death.
communities. - 7 marks i. Sharing of deceased property among relatives as a sign of solidarity
i. Witchcraft leads to death/destruction. ii. Lighting of fire signifies chasing away evil spirits of the deceased.
ii. It is the work of the evil spirits. iii. Pouring of libation shows continuity of life. (6x1=6 marks)
iii. It leads to poverty/loss of property. 2013 6 c) List seven moral values promoted during funeral ceremonies in
iv. It involves cheating/telling lies. traditional African communities. - 7 marks
v. In some cases people are forced to leave their homes/migrate to other i. Cooperation.
places. ii. Responsibility.
vi. It can lead to break up of families. iii. Respect.
vii. A person can be banished/made an outcast. iv. Obedience
viii. Witchcraft causes suspicion/hatred/mistrust amongst the people. v. Loyalty .
ix. It leads to underdevelopment. vi. Honesty .
x. It can cause physical/psychological injury. vii. Courage.
xi. It can cause embarrassment to an individual/family. (7x1=7 marks) viii. Love
2013 6 a) Outline the causes of death in traditional African communities. - ix. Trust.
6 marks x. Thankfulness.
i. Curses. xi. Self-control.
ii. Witchcraft. xii. Generosity . (8x1=8 marks)
iii. Sorcery and magic. 2014 6 a) How do the aged in traditional African communities prepare their
iv. Breaking of taboos. family members before they die? - 7 marks
v. Failure to perform certain taboos. i. Inviting family members to share a common meal
vi. Natural calamity. ii. Identifying the leader of the family
vii. Wars and raids. iii. Disclosing to the family all the property owned
viii. Breaking of an oath. (6x1=6 marks iv. Sharing property among family members

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 v. Giving advice to family members ii. It is a way of seeking for protection.
vi. Blessing the family members iii. As a way of acknowledging God as a source of life.
vii. Identifying the debtors and creditors to the family members iv. To seek God's help in times of trouble/petition for God’s help.
viii. Identifying the burial site and giving instructions regarding the funeral v. To ask for forgiveness from God.
ix. Reconciling family members. (7x1= 7 marks). vi. To ask for blessings from God.
2014 6 b) State the traditional African understanding of spirits. - 5 marks vii. To thank God for success and victories in life.
i. Spirits are invisible beings. viii. In recognition of God's power.
ii. Spirits are more powerful than human beings. ix. To ask for favours /blessings from God. (6x1=6 marks)
iii. Spirits are believed to reside in caves, rivers, trees and rocks. 2015 6 c) How do Christians in Kenya show respect for places of worship? -
iv. Spirits can enter human beings and reveal certain truths to them. 6 marks
v. Spirits are mediators between God and human beings. i. They maintain cleanliness in places of worship.
vi. Spirits can acquire physical form such as animals or birds. (5x1= 5 ii. In some cases, they remove shoes
marks iii. They switch off phones in church.
vii. Spirits can either bring harm or good to human beings. iv. Order is maintained in places of worship.
2014 6 c) What is the responsibility of the living towards the ancestors in v. Dedicating all instruments and property in places of worship.
traditional African communities? - 8 marks vi. Showing respect and obedience to church leaders.
i. Pouring libation to them. vii. Securing places of worship.
ii. Making sacrifices to honour them. viii. Observing and maintaining silence.
iii. Taking care of their graveyards. ix. They decorate and put flowers in places of worship.
iv. Communicating with them in times of need. x. Through constructing beautiful and large places of worship.
v. Invoking their names during prayer. xi. They dress decently when going to worship. (6x1=6 marks)
vi. Honouring their wishes. 2016(a) Explain the significance of rituals conducted during the naming
vii. Holding commemoration ceremonies for them. ceremonies in Traditional African Communities. (10 marks)
viii. Teaching children about them. i. Bathing of the baby sets in the begging of new life
ix. Managing their property wisely. ii. Shaving of the mother and baby's hair symbolizes new status
x. Building shrines for them. (8x1=8 marks) iii. Choosing of the appropriate name to give the baby is for identification/
2015 6 a) List eight places used for worship in traditional African - 8 marks incorporation into the wider society/ honour to the ancestors
i. Under sacred trees iv. Feeding of the baby symbolized new life growth
ii. In caves v. Holding of the baby by members of the community shows concern for it/
iii. At river banks/water fall shared responsibility by the extended family
iv. On rocks. vi. Saying prayers/ words of blessings for the mother and baby signifies long life
v. On mountains/hills vii. Slaughtering of animals is a way of thanksgiving to ancestors/ God
vi. In forests/shrubs viii. Feasting is a sign of joy/ socialism/ welcoming the baby/ acceptance
vii. In shrines. ix. Giving of presents to the baby/ mother is a sign of good will/ ownership of
viii. In homes of religious leaders. property
ix. At graveyards. (8x1=8 marks) x. Wearing of charms signifies protection for the baby/ mother
2015 6 b) Give six reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African
communities. - 6 marks
i. To worship God/ ancestors.

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 2016 (b)Which moral values were acquired during marriage in Traditional x. The parents are held responsible for their children’s misconduct
African Communities? (5 marks) 2017 6 b) State the importance of bride wealth in traditional African
i. Faithfulness/ loyalty/ obedience communities. - 5 marks
ii. Respect/ courtesy i. In traditional African communities, bride wealth is given as a sign of
iii. Responsibility/ hard work commitment by the groom.
iv. Hospitality/ kindness ii. It is a way of thanking/appreciating the bride’s family for taking good care
v. Tolerance/ perseverance/ endurance/ patience of the girl.
vi. Love iii. Bride wealth acts as an outward seal of the marriage contract/cements the
vii. Co-operation/ unity marriage
viii. Humility iv. It is a form of compensation to the bride’s parents/family for the loss of the
ix. Honesty girl’s services.
x. Integrity v. Giving bride wealth is the evidence of the groom’s ability to take care of a
xi. Courage wife/family.
2016 (c ) Give reasons why Traditional African Communities feared death. vi. Bride wealth initiates a long-lasting friendship between the two families.
i. It disrupts the rhythm of human life/ activity 2017 6 c) Explain the socio-cultural changes that have taken place in
ii. It is irrevocable/ inescapable traditional African communities in Kenya today. - 8 marks
iii. It brings impurity to the family i. The mode of dressing has changed.
iv. It deprives the community of the individuals ii. There is introduction of new forms of worship/Christianity/lslam other
v. It involves too many rituals World religions.
vi. It comes unannounced iii. Ancestors are no longer considered part of the family/not involved in
vii. It separates one from the loved ones/ marks the end of life on earth the activities of the community
viii. Nobody knows about the life after death iv. There is individual ownership of the land rather than communal
ix. It may cause misunderstanding in the community ownership.
x. Death rites reveal people's characteristics v. Some rites of passage are no longer carried out/have been dropped
xi. It brings poverty to the family involved e.g. removal of teeth/female circumcision/tattooing/ear looping.
2017. (a) Give seven reasons why pregnancy before marriage is rare in vi. People have migrated to urban centres/free inter-mingling of people
traditional African communities. (7 marks) weakened family/clan ties.
i. Pregnancy before marriage is rare in traditional African communities vii. People can plan for the number of children to have/introduction of
because sex education is given to the youth to instil discip1ine/
responsibility. have been left on their own.
ii. The youth are told the consequences of irresponsible sexual behavior. viii. New diet has been introduced/modern food.
iii. In traditional African communities free mixing of boys and girls is restricted. ix. New form of government has emerged replacing the roles of elders/
iv. Girls and boys are taught to respect each other. specialists.
v. During social occasions young people are supervised to prevent misbehavior. x. Modem forms of technology/infrastructure have transformed life.
vi. There is severe punishment if a girl becomes pregnant/a man impregnates a xi. Introduction ‘of formal education.
girl before marriage. 2018 (a)Outline six roles of priests in traditional African communities. (6
vii. There are taboos on sexual relationship. marks)
viii. Early marriages are encouraged after initiation. - They give sacrifices to God/poor libations to ancestors.
ix. Virginity is highly valued/rewarded at marriage. - They act as advisors of the community.

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- The priests intercede/offer prayers to God/spirits/ancestors on behalf of ii. She is not expected to perform heavy duties /farm work/splitting of
human beings. firewood
- They are the religious symbols of God’s presence in the community. iii. She is to avoid sexual intercourse
- In some communities the priest can act as a political leader. iv. An expectant mother is not supposed to handle iron/sharp objects to avoid
- They solve/settle disputes in the society/judge cases. injury
- Priests preside over religious ceremonies/festivals. v. She is not supposed to speak face to face with her husband
- They take care of shrines/places of worship. vi. She is expected to wear protective charms against evil eye/to protect
- They are custodians of customs/taboos/traditions of the community. her/unborn child
2018 (b) Explain the importance of kinship ties in traditional African vii. An expectant woman is required to return to her mother/parents’ home for
communities.( 5 marks) delivery
i. Kinship ties helps in preserving traditional customs through informal viii. She is supposed to be checked frequently/counseled by traditional midwives
education. ix. An expectant mother is to be given special herbs to keep the health of the
ii. They bind the entire life of a community/unite members of the same baby/unborn
clan/family. x. She was expected to offer sacrifices to appease spirits/ ancestors
iii. It helps to maintain law and order in the community. 2019 6 b) Explain the rituals performed during the birth of a baby in
iv. Kinship ties promote a sense of be1onging/security/identity. It defines traditional African communities. - 7 marks
the punishment/reward in the community. i. Cutting of umbilical cord symbolizes the separation of the child from
v. It regulates marriage relationship in the community. the mother.
vi. It helps in settling disputes in the community/family. ii. Burying of the placenta/umbilical cord in a special place/banana
vii. It defines duties/responsibilities of members of the clan/family. plantation/farming shrine for continuity of life.
viii. It governs the relationship between the living and the dead. iii. Shaving of the mother/baby’s hair signifies new beginning/casts off
ix. Kinship prepares the youth for leadership roles. pregnancy stage
x. It enables people to share/help one another. iv. Treatment of the baby/mother with herbs/wearing of charms is done
2018 6 c) Identify six factors that have affected the kinship ties in the for protection.
traditional African communities. - 6 marks v. Ululations are made according to the sex of the baby to announce the
i. Formal education. sex of the child
ii. Modern religions/Christianity/Islam. vi. Mother/ baby are secluded for a period of time to give the mother
iii. Mass media influence time to heal.
iv. Permissiveness in the society. vii. There is presentation of gifts to the mother/new born baby to
v. Western civilization. celebrate them.
vi. Migration/individual land ownership. viii. Sacrifices/offerings/prayers are made to God as a sign of thanksgiving.
vii. New government structures/systems. ix. Rituals for purification are carried out to clean the mother from the
viii. Economic factors/poverty/wealth/social status. process of child birth.
ix. Urbanization. x. The baby is given a name for identity.
x. Modern science and technology xi. The baby is given sweet and bitter substances to symbolize good and
20196 a) Identify six regulations that an expectant mother is required to bad experience
observe in traditional African Communities - 6 marks
i. An expectant mother is supposed to eat special food/avoid eggs/fatty
meat/alcohol

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 2019 6 c) State Seven factors that undermine the role of medicine men in 2020 6 c) Identify seven factors that are undermining the role of elders in
Kenya today. - 7 marks Kenya today. - 7 marks
i. Introduction of western medicine/hospitals/new inventions/science and i. Most judicial duties have been taken over by the courts.
technology ii. Christianity/modern religion have established their own leadership
ii. Emergence of new religions which do not support medicine men styles/systems.
iii. Certain chronic diseases cannot be treated by some herbs Emergence of iii. Western education when the learned no longer value the elders.
conmen/quacks who give wrong medicine iv. Urbanization/migration has made people to move away from their
iv. Urbanization/immigration from rural to urban centre communities.
v. Lack of awareness/education on herbal medicine by the public v. Western culture/way of life which promotes individualism.
vi. Strict government policies /rules/regulation that control both herbal and vi. Intermarriages/intermingling has weakened the value of elders.
modem medicine vii. The laws are made in parliament/constitution of Kenya is applied.
2020 6 a) State the role of elders in traditional African communities. -7 viii. Influence from modern technology where people rely on it for
marks information.
i. Elders are custodians of traditions/customs/teach the history of the ix. Wealth is taken as a symbol of status regardless of one’s age.
community x. Permissiveness/moral decadence.
ii. They make laws in the community
iii. They settle disputes in the community 2021 (a) The Role of God according to traditional African understanding
iv. They fix dates for community rituals/ceremonies. (6mks).
v. Elders preside over the distribution of property/inheritance. They negotiate i. God is the creator of all things
for peace with other communities. ii. God is the sustainer of life
vi. They advise members of the community on the steps to take during times of iii. God is the provider/giver of all blessings
difficulties/calamities. iv. God is the protector of all creation/giver of victory
vii. They are in charge/preside over community rituals/ceremonies. v. God is the controller of the universe/giver of order
viii. They teach the youths on their responsibilities/duties in the community vi. God punishes wrong doers
ix. They reprimand/punish the wrongdoers/law offenders/law breakers. vii. God gives solutions in all situations
x. Act as spokesmen of their communities. viii. God delegates some of his power/responsibility
xi. They are mediators between God/Spirits/ancestors 2021 (b) Factors that have affected the traditional African people
2020 6 b) Outline the requirements that one has to fulfill to be made an dependence of God (7mks).
elder in traditional communities. - 6 marks i. Emergence of other religions/cults/sects – this has caused lot of
i. Having the right/specific age. confusion/has made many people to neglect God.
ii. Should be knowledgeable on matters of the community/wise. ii. Modern education – some educated people think that they have acquired
iii. Should be sane/of sound mind/good health. enough knowledge hence do not need God
iv. One should be of good conduct/character. iii. Science inventions/technology – some people depend on science for
v. Should have undergone the rites of initiation. solutions hence see no need for God
vi. One should have the ability to provide for others/wealthy. iv. Money economy – Those with a lot of money/wealth feel contented and see
vii. Should be a bonafide member of the community no need to depend on God
viii. By undergoing the rituals to become an elder. v. Greed for power/ materialism – some people are busy looking for
ix. Should be married. power/material things hence have no time for God.
x. Should have children.

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 vi. Witchcraft – some people rely on power of darkness for success/protection viii. Love/ compassion/ Caring.
hence neglecting God. ix. Responsibility/ hard work.
vii. Poverty/misfortunes – This has discouraged some people from depending on x. Co-operation/ unity/ teamwork.
God. xi. Humility.
viii. Lack of role models – Religious specialists who act as role models are no xii. Courage/ bravery. (6x1 =6marks)
longer valued/ are ignored hence no one to guide people of God. 2022 c) Outline the changes that have taken place in the rite of initiation in
2021 (c) Similarities between the Christian and traditional African ways of Kenya today. (7 marks)
showing respect to God (7mks). i. In some communities’ initiation is no longer meant for cultural
i. In both members pray to God identity/ is done for health reasons.
ii. In both they give offerings to God ii. It has been individualized in some communities/ no longer a communal
iii. In both members sings to God affair. - Initiation is not used as a measure to test courage/ bravery.
iv. In both they build/maintain places of worship iii. The role of age set group is fading away in some communities.
v. In the both members take care of the religious leaders/respect them iv. People are being discouraged from using the same tool to perform the
vi. In both members obey the laws /commands of God rite
vii. In both they mention God’s name with reverence v. Some of the initiation practices have been banned/ discouraged e.g.
viii. In both members show respect to God by helping those in need FGM.
ix. In both members take care of God’s creation. vi. Education of the initiates is no longer done by sponsors but by
2022 a) State the importance of initiation in traditional African communities. professionals. - Some people have opted to take their children to
(7 marks) hospital.
i. It marks the transition from childhood to adulthood. vii. Circumcision can be done at any age/ time. (7x1=7marks)
ii. The shedding of bloods binds the initiates to the ancestors.
iii. The initiates acquire new status/ One is given new rights/ privileges/
responsibilities. - Initiates are given special education during seclusion/
taught secrets/ traditions of the community.
iv. Initiation ceremonies promote unity.
v. It helps in structuring the community through age sets/ groups. -
Initiates are given a chance to demonstrate courage/ bravery.
vi. Initiates are prepared to face difficulties/ challenges of adult life.
vii. promotes a sense of belonging/ gives identity to the initiates/sue

2022 b) Identify six moral values people acquire during initiation ceremonies
in traditional African communities. (6 marks)
i. Hospitality/ generosity/ kindness.
ii. Honesty faithfulness/ truthfulness.
iii. Integrity.
iv. Tolerance/ perseverance/ endurance /Patience.
v. Self-control.
vi. Loyalty/ obedience.
vii. Respect/Courtesy.

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 CRE PAPER 2 - 313/2 v. The emphasis of John the Baptist preaching's was on the promised
Messiah, while that of Jesus was about the Kingdom of God.
vi. John the Baptist's message was direct whereas that of Jesus was in
CRE REVISION PAPERS WITH ANSWERS vii.
parables.
John the Baptist prepared the way for the Messiah while Jesus was the
Messiah.
viii. John the Baptist did not perform miracles whereas Jesus ministry was
QUESTION NUMBER: 1 full of miracles. (4x2=8 marks)

2006 1 c) What lesson do Christians learn about family relationship from

KCSE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL the incident when Jesus accompanied his parents for the Passover festival -
5 marks
i. Children should obey their parents.
2006 1 a) Describe the visit of the angel of the Lord to the Shepherds on
ii. Parents should teach their children about God.
the night Jesus was born. - 7 marks
iii. Parents should provide opportunities for their children to mix freely with
 The shepherds were looking after their flocks in the field at night
others.
 The angel appeared to them and the glory of the lord shone around them. iv. Parents should love their children.
 They were filled with fear and the angel told them not to fear v. Parents should be concerned about their children's welfare
 He told them of the Good News about the birth of Jesus. vi. Families should live in unity
 They were told to find baby Jesus in the city of Bethlehem. vii. There should be open communication between family members.
 The angels gave them a sign on how they would find Jesus. viii. Parents should recognize the abilities and talents of their children
 They were to find the baby wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a ix. Children should be honest with their parent (5x1=5 marks
manger. 2007 1 a) Outline what Angel Gabriel revealed about John the Baptist
 Suddenly, there appeared a host of angles singing and praising God when he announced his birth to Zachariah. - 6 marks
 The angels left glorifying God. i. He would be a source of joy to the parents.
 The shepherds went to Bethlehem and found the baby wrapped in strips of ii. Many would rejoice at his birth.
clothes just as the angel had told them. iii. He would be great in the sight of the Lord.
 They told Mary and Joseph what the angel had said. iv. He would not take a strong drink or wine.
2006 1 b) State the differences between the work of John the Baptist and v. He would have the spirit and power of Elijah.
that of Jesus Christ - 8 marks vi. He would be filled with the Holy Spirit.
i. John the Baptist preached in the wilderness while Jesus preached in vii. He will ring reconciliation between Israelites and God.
the synagogues. viii. He would prepare the way for the coming of the Messiah. (6x1=6 mks)
ii. John the Baptist called people to repentance, while Jesus forgave their 2007 1 b) From the story of the early life of Jesus up to twelve years,
sins. identify ways through which he is seen as coming from a poor background. -
iii. John the Baptist baptized with water, but Jesus baptized with the Holy 8 marks
Spirit. i. His father was a poor carpenter.
iv. John the Baptist lived the life of Nazarite, while Jesus mixed freely with ii. His mother was an ordinary village girl.
all people. iii. He was born in a manger.
iv. The first people to visit him were shepherds who were lowly regarded.

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 v. During his dedication, parents offered a pair of turtle doves. 2008 1 c) Identify six qualities shown by Jesus when he accompanied his
vi. He grew up in Nazareth, a town of low status. (4x2=8 marks) parents to the Temple at the age of twelve - 6 marks
2007 1 c) Give reasons why children should take part in church activities. - i. He was obedient
6 marks ii. He was courageous
i. To follow the example of Jesus Christ who went to the Synagogue iii. He was knowledgeable/ intelligent
Temple. iv. He was respectful
ii. To give them an opportunity to socialize with others. v. He was cooperative
iii. Children are made in the image of God. vi. He was patient
iv. To prepare them for future roles as leaders. vii. He was honest
v. For the continued growth of the Church. viii. He was social or outgoing
vi. To help them spend their leisure positively. ix. He was inquisitive
vii. Jesus taught that the Kingdom of God belongs to them. x. He was assertive (6x1=6 marks)
viii. To lay a foundation of Christian moral at an early age. 2009 1 a) Outline the describe of prophet Isaiah about the messiah - 8
ix. To help them develop and improve their talents. marks
x. To teach them religious beliefs. (6x1=6 marks) i. The messiah would be a descendant of David.
2008 1 a) Outline the message of angel Gabriel to Mary in Luke 1: 26-38. - 6 ii. The Messiah would rule forever
marks iii. The Messiah would be despised and rejected by human beings.
i. She was highly favoured among women. iv. He would be born of a young woman / virgin
ii. The child will be great. v. Messianic reign would bring happiness to the Israelites.
iii. He will be referred to as the Most High. vi. He would be wounded for people's transgressions.
iv. She will give birth to a son named Jesus. vii. Peace and prosperity would prevail during his era.
v. He will be called the son of God. viii. He would be called the Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Prince of
vi. The child will be holy. Peace and Everlasting Father
vii. He will be an everlasting king. ix. He would be called Immanuel (God with us).
viii. He will be filled with the Holy Spirit. x. He would rule with justice and righteousness.
ix. She was to conceive by the power of the Holy Spirit. 2009 1 b) State six activities that took place when Jesus was born (Luke 2:
x. The angel told her that her cousin Elizabeth was six month pregnant 6- 20) - 6 marks
despite being very old. (6x1=6 marks) i. Mary wrapped the baby in swaddling clothes.
2008 1 b) Explain what the Magnificat reveals about the nature of God - 8 ii. She laid the baby in a manger.
marks iii. An angel of the Lord appeared to the shepherds singing and praising
i. God is almighty because he scatters the proud. God
ii. God is Holy-Holy is His name. iv. A multitude angels appeared singing and praising God.
iii. God is merciful to those who fear Him. v. The shepherds hurried to see the baby.
iv. God is a provider and sustainer because He fills the hungry. vi. The shepherds spread the news to many people.
v. God is faithful because He keeps his promises. vii. The shepherds sung and praised God after seeing the baby Jesus.
vi. He is k in d to His servants viii. The shepherds returned to their homes.
vii. He is the source of blessings 2009 1 c) Explain the importance of singing in a Christian service - 6 marks
viii. He is glorious and deserves praises. (4x2=8 marks) i. It is an opportunity to praise God
ii. Christians pass the message of God through singing.

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 iii. Singing creates an atmosphere for worshippers to relax. Singing creates an iv. Christians dress in decent clothing as they go to places of worship.
atmosphere of worship. v. Order is maintained in places of worship
iv. Singing removes boredom because of the varied activities during the vi. Posters, notices and decoration are put to remind people that they are
sacrifice in a sacred place.
v. God given talents are portrayed during singing. vii. Constructing special places for worshipping and dedicating them to
vi. Non members are attracted to church during singing. God. (5xl=5marks
vii. Those who feel depressed are encouraged through singing. 2011 1 a) Basing your answer on the infancy narratives in Luke 1:5-56,
viii. Singing unites worshippers as they join in the chorus or song. (6xl=6marks) describe what took place when Mary visited Elizabeth. - 6 marks
2010 1 a) Describe four activities that took place during the dedication of i. Mary entered Zechariah's home.
Jesus in the Temple (Luke 2:22 - 40). - 8 marks ii. She greeted Elizabeth.
i. Jesus was taken to Jerusalem to be presented to the Lord by parents. iii. When Elizabeth heard Mary's greetings the baby in her womb leaped.
ii. Mary and Joseph offered a pair of turtle doves since they came from a iv. Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit,
humble background. v. She exclaimed with a loud cry.
iii. Simeon took Jesus in his arms and blessed the Lord. vi. She blessed Mary and child in the womb.
iv. Simeon said that he was ready to die since he had seen God's salvation vii. Elizabeth wondered why the Lord had visited her.
v. Simeon blessed the parents of Jesus. viii. Elizabeth informed Mary that the baby in her womb had leaped for joy-
vi. Simeon told Mary that the child was set for the fall and rising of me ix. Mary responded by praising God.
vii. Anna also took the baby and gave thanks to God. x. Mary stayed with Elizabeth for three months. (6x1=6 marks)
viii. She prophesied that Jesus will bring redemption to Jerusalem 2011 1 b) Identify six lessons that Christians learn from the lives of
ix. Jesus returned home with his parents. (4x2=8 marks) Zechariah and Elizabeth. - 6 marks
2010 1 b) i Outline seven lessons Christians learn from the incident when i. Christians should be righteous
Jesus was left behind by his parents in the Temple (Luke 2:41 - 52). - 7 marks ii. Christians should obey God's commandments
i. Christians should involve their children in worship of God iii. They should be patient and persevering
ii. Parents should involve their children in daily affairs. iv. They should serve God faithfully and with commitment
iii. Parents should be concerned of where their children are. Children v. They should be prayerful
should be taught the word of God. vi. They should depend on God for all their needs
iv. There should be communication among family members. Children vii. They should believe in God's word
should obey their parents. viii. They should desire to be led by the Holy Spirit
v. Parents should love their children. ix. Christians should rejoice at the blessings of others. (6x1=6 marks)
vi. Christians should accommodate the views of the youth. Christians 2011 1 c) State eight ways through which Christians in Kenya express their
learn that Jesus is the son of God. joy for the birth of Jesus. - 8 marks
vii. Christians should exercise forgiveness. i. They sing and listen to Christian songs or carols.
viii. Christians should give God first priority y as Jesus did . (7x1=7 mark ii. They attend to Christmas worship services or mass.
2010 1 c) State five ways in which Christians show respect to places of iii. They partake of the Holy Communion
worship in Kenya today. - 5 marks iv. They exchange gifts, cards and messages
i. Christians maintain cleanliness in places of worship. v. They decorate their homes
ii. Christians observe silence as they go to places of worship. vi. They buy and wear new clothes
iii. Places of worship are treated with reverence, for instance, some vii. They prepare special dishes and drinks
remove shoes or bow down as they enter the place of worship. viii. They rest from normal duties.

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 ix. They watch movies and films on the birth of Jesus 2013 1 a) With reference to Luke 1: 8-20, describe the annunciation of the
x. They read Christmas stories and the Bible birth of John the Baptist. - 6 marks
xi. They hold Christmas concerts and drama. (8x1=8 marks  Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah as he performed his priestly duties in
2012 1 a) Outline Micah's prophecies about the Messiah (Micah 5: 1-5). - 7 the temple
marks  The angel stood by the right side of the altar
i. The messiah will be born in Bethlehem.  Zechariah was filed with fear when he saw the angel
ii. He will rule over Israel.  The angel told him not to be afraid because his prayer had been answered
iii. His origin is from the old/ancient days.  The angel told him that his wife would bear him a son who would be
iv. He will be born of a woman. named John
v. He will feed his flock.  The angel informed Zechariah the work and qualities of John the Baptist
vi. He would rule people with strength.  Zechariah did not believe in the angel's message because he was very old.
vii. In his time, Israel will be secure.  The angel revealed his identity as Gabriel who h a d been sent by God to
viii. Israel will have victory over her enemy. (7x1=7 marks) bring the message
2012 1 b) With reference to Luke 1:13 -17, outline the message of angel  Because of unbelief, the angel made him dumb until the baby was born.
Gabriel about John to Zechariah. - 7 marks (6x1= 6 marks)
i. He would be a source of joy to Zechariah and many others. 2013 1 b) What do Christians learn about the person and mission of John
ii. He will be great in the sight of the Lord. the Baptist from the message of angel Gabriel to Zechariah? - 6 marks
iii. He will be a Nazirite. i. John would bring joy to many people.
iv. He was to go before the Lord in the spirit/power of Elijah. ii. He would be great before God.
v. He will turn the hearts of the fathers to the children the disobedient to iii. He would be a Nazarite and would not take any strong drink or wine.
the wisdom of the just. iv. He would be filled with the Holy Spirit
vi. He will have qualities of Prophet Elijah. v. He would reconcile the Israelites with God.
vii. He will reconcile the Israelites back to God. vi. He would have the Spirit and power of Elijah
viii. He will be filled with the power of the Holy Spirit. vii. He would bring justice.
ix. He would turn the Israelites back to God. viii. He would prepare people for the coming of the Messiah. (6x1=6 marks)
x. He was to go before the Lord in the Spirit and power of Elijah. (7x1=7 2013 1 c) State eight ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to
marks) cope with the challenges facing them today. - 8 marks
2012 1 c) Give three lessons Christians learn from the incident when Jesus i. The church organizes seminars and workshops for different groups
was dedicated. - 6 marks on family life;
i. Christians should dedicate their children to God. ii. By offering guidance and counseling;
ii. Christians should be devoted in worship of God regardless challenges iii. By paying visit s to families;
they face. iv. By producing and disseminating literature on proper Christian living;
iii. Christians should have faith in God. v. By giving material and financial support to needy families;
iv. Christians should be offer to God what they have regardless of their vi. It prays for the families;
status. vii. It provides vocational training to them;
v. Christians should be righteous before God in order to experience Him viii. Offering employment to jobless people;
in their lives. ix. By condemning vices which threaten families. (8x1=8 marks)
vi. Christians should thank God for blessing them. (3x2=6 marks)

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 2014 1 a) State Isaiah's prophecies concerning the messiah. - 8 marks 2015 1 a) Outline Jeremiah’s prophecies about the Messiah (Jeremiah 23:
i. The Messiah would be born of a virgin / virgin. 5-6). - 6 marks
ii. He would be called Immanuel i. The Messiah would come from the house of David
iii. He would have supernatural titles such as wonderful counselor, prince of ii. He would be righteous.
peace, everlasting Father and Might God. iii. He would rule as a king.
iv. He would be a ruler from the house of David. iv. The messiah would rule wisely.
v. He would be humble / ordinary. v. The king would execute justice in the land.
vi. He would be rejected and despised. vi. He would bring salvation upon Judah.
vii. He would be sentenced to die vii. He would provide security and safety in Israel.
viii. He would suffer for forgiveness of sins of many people. viii. He would be called the Lord our Righteousness. (6x1=6 marks)
ix. He would rule with justice/righteousness/peace. 2015 1 b) Describe the incident when an angel visited the shepherds on the
x. It would be the will of the father for him to suffer night Jesus was born. (Luke 2: 8-15). - 7 marks
xi. He would be filled with the Holy Spirit i. The shepherds were looking after their flock in the field at night.
xii. He would preach good news / set the captives free. (8x1=8 marks) ii. An angel appeared to them.
2014 1 b) Outline the events that took place on the night Jesus was born. - iii. The glory of the Lord shone upon them.
6 marks iv. They were filled with fear,
1. When Jesus was born, his mother wrapped him in swaddling clothes. v. The angel told them not to be afraid.
2. She placed him in a manger vi. The angel told them the good news about the birth of a savior in the
3. There were shepherds watching over their flock at night. city of David
4. The angel gave a sign on how to identify the baby. They were to find vii. The angel told them that they will find the baby wrapped in swaddling
the baby wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger. clothes in a manger.
5. An angel appeared to the shepherds in the region to tell them of the viii. There appeared a host of heavenly angels singing and glorifying God.
birth of the savior. ix. The angels left them and went back to heaven.
6. A great multitude of heavenly hosts / angels appeared singing praises. x. The shepherds decided to go to Bethlehem. (7x1=7 marks)
7. The shepherds went to Bethlehem and saw the baby. 2015 1 c) List seven virtues which Christians acquire while celebrating the
8. They spread the news about the baby to the other people. birth of Jesus. - 7 marks
9. Shepherds returned praising and glorifying God. (6x1=6 marks i. Joy/ happiness
2014 1 c) Give three reasons why Christians present gifts to new born ii. Sharing/generosity
babies. - 6 marks iii. Respect
i. Christians give gifts in order to welcome the baby into the family. iv. Humility
ii. It is a sign of their love v. Cooperation
iii. It is their contribution to the baby welfare. vi. Thankfulness
iv. It is a way of appreciating the blessing of a child. vii. Love
v. It is a way of congratulating the parents of the child. viii. Peace.
vi. It is an expression of their joy. ix. Mercy/ compassion
vii. It is a way of emulating Biblical practices. x. Holiness/ righteousness. (7x1=7 marks
viii. It is a way of thanking God/appreciating His goodness. (3x2=6 marks) 2016 1 a) Narrate the visit of the Angel to the shepherds on the night Jesus
was born. - 7 marks
 The shepherds were looking after their flocks in the field at night

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  The angel appeared to them vi. There should be open communication between family members.
 The glory of the lord shone a round them vii. Parents should recognize the abilities and talents of their children.
 They were filled with fear viii. Children should be honest with their parents. (5x1=5 marks
 The angel told them not to fear 2017 1 a) Explain the Jewish expectations concerning the Messiah. - 7
 He told them of the Good News about the birth of Jesus. marks
 They were told to find the baby in the city of Bethlehem. i. The Jews expected the Messiah to come from the lineage of David/ royal
 The angels gave them a sign on how they would find Jesus. They were to descent.
find the baby wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger. ii. They expected the Messiah to come after the return of Prophet Elijah.
 Suddenly, there appeared a host of angels singing and praising God iii. The Jews expected the Messiah to be a political leader/one who would
 The angles left glorifying God. overthrow the Roman rulers.
iv. The Messiah would convert Jerusalem to be the Centre of rule/ political
 The shepherds went to Bethlehem and found the baby wrapped in strips of
centre.
clothes just as the angel had told them.
v. The Messiah was not expected to associate with the poor/sinners/ gentiles.
 They told Mary and Joseph what the angel had said. (7x1=7 marks)
vi. The Messiah was expected to make Judaism a superior religion.
2016 1 b) Outline the differences between the work of John the Baptist
vii. The Jews expected a Messiah who would perform miracles.
and that of Jesus Christ. - 8 marks
viii. They expected the establishment of the Kingdom of the Messiah to be
i. John the Baptist preached in the wilderness while Jesus preached in the
preceded by cosmic signs/mysteries.
synagogues.
ix. They expected the Messiah to establish the Kingdom by conquering the
ii. John the Baptist called people to repentance while Jesus forgave their sins.
enemies of Israel.
iii. John the Baptist baptized with water but Jesus baptized with the Holy Spirit.
x. The Messiah was to rule the whole world.
iv. John the Baptist lived the life of Nazarite while Jesus mixed freely with all
2017 1 b) State seven similarities in the annunciation of the birth of John
people.
the Baptist and that of Jesus Christ. - 7 marks
v. The emphasis of John the Baptist's preaching was in the promised Messiah
i. In both the message was delivered by angel Gabriel.
while that of Jesus was about the Kingdom of God.
ii. In both, the missions of John and Jesus were specified by the angel.
vi. John the Baptist's message was direct whereas that of Jesus was in parables.
iii. In both the possibility of the message was doubted /by Zechariah and
vii. John the Baptist prepared the way for the Messiah while Jesus was the
Mary.
Messiah.
iv. In both cases signs were given to confirm the messages/signs were
viii. John the Baptist did not perform miracles whereas Jesus ministry was full of
given to Zechariah and Mary.
miracles. (4x2=8 marks)
v. In both the children were to be God’s servants.
2016 1 c) What five lessons do Christians learn about family relationships
vi. In both cases the children would be male.
from the occasion when Jesus accompanied His parents for the Passover
vii. In both the births were going to be through divine intervention.
festival? - 5 marks
viii. In both the names of the children to be born were given by the angel.
i. Children should obey their parents.
2017 1 c) Identify six lessons Christians learn from the annunciation of the
ii. Parents should teach their children about God.
birth of John the Baptist. - 6 marks
iii. Parents should provide opportunities for their children to mix freely
i. Christians learn that children are gift from God.
with others.
ii. They should be persistent in prayer.
iv. Parents should love their children.
iii. They should have faith/trust in God.
v. Parents should be concerned about their children's welfare. Families
iv. They learn that doubting God’s message can lead to punishment.
should live in unity.

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 v. Christians should serve God regardless of the circumstances they are iii. Christians should be humble.
in. iv. Christians should rejoice when they are blessed by God.
vi. Christians should be patient. v. Christians should obey/respect the will of God.
vii. Christians learn that God has a purpose for their lives vi. Christians should depend on God for provision.
2019 1 a) List five titles that Prophet Isaiah used to refer to the future
2018 1 a) Outline Micah’s prophecy concerning the Messiah (Micah 5: 2-5). Messiah. - 5 marks
- 7 marks i. Prince of peace.
i. The Messiah would be born in Bethlehem. ii. Eternal/everlasting father
ii. He will rule over Israel. iii. Wonderful counsellor
iii. His origin is from the old/ancient days. iv. Immanuel
iv. He would be born of a woman. v. Mighty God
v. He will feed His flock. 2019 1 b) Describe the annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist by
vi. He will rule in majesty/strength of God. Angel Gabriel. (Luke l:5-25) - 8 marks
vii. In His time Israel will be secure/peaceful.  Zechariah was in the temple burning incense/ performing his priestly duties
viii. He shall be great to the ends of the earth/eternal.  An angel of God appeared to him at the altar
 Zechariah was overcome with fear
2018 1 b) Describe the annunciation of the birth of Jesus by angel Gabriel  The angel told him not to be afraid
as recorded in Luke I: 26-38. - 8 marks  He told him that his prayers had been heard/Elizabeth his wife would bear
 Angel Gabriel was sent/appeared to Mary in Nazareth. a son.
 Mary was a young woman who had been engaged to a man named Joseph  The angel said that they were to call him John.
from the house of David.  The angel said that the child would be great in God’s sight/would not drink
 The angel greeted Mary “Hail, O favoured one, the Lord is with you.” wine/ would be filled with the Holy Spirit from birth.
 Mary was troubled by the greeting/wondered what it could be.  Zechariah questioned the possibility of having a child since he and his wife
 The angel told her not to be afraid since she had found favour with were old
God/was going to conceive/give birth to a son.  The angel revealed his name as Gabriel/said he had been sent by God
 He would be called Jesus.  The angel told Zechariah that he would not be able to speak until the time
 The angel told Mary that Jesus will be great/will be called the son of the the child is born.
Most High/God will give him the throne of his father David.  Zechariah delayed in the temple which made the worshippers to wonder.
 Mary asked the angel how she was going to conceive without a husband.  When he came out, he could not speak/he made signs to the people/
 The angel told her that she would conceive by the power of the Holy Spirit. people perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple.
 The angel told Mary that her kinswomen Elizabeth had also conceived a 2019 1 c) State seven ways in which a Christian couple should respond to
son/was six months pregnant the challenge of being childless. - 7 marks
 Mary accepted the angel’s message/said “I am the hand maid of the Lord, i. The couple should pray to God to bless them with children.
let it be to me as you have said.” ii. They should seek guidance and counselling from the church leaders.
 The angel departed from her. iii. The couple should seek for medical advice/assistance.
2018 1 c) State five lessons Christians learn from the Magnificat. - 5 marks iv. They should be patient/not anxious.
i. Christians should always appreciate/thank/glorify God for His favours v. They can adopt children.
ii. Christians should have faith in God. vi. The couple should remain faithful to each other.

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 vii. The couple can take/care with children of their relatives for company. 2021 (a) What Prophet Isaiah foretold concerning the Messiah (Isa7:14:91-
2020 1 a) Outline Isaiah’s prophecy on the suffering servant. - 5 marks 7,53:61:1-2). (8mks).
i. The servant will succeed in his work/will be highly honoured i. Prophet Isaiah foretold that the Messiah would be born of a virgin/young
ii. His success/honour will surprise many who have witnessed his woman
suffering. ii. He would be called Emmanuel
iii. He will be despised /rejected/ignored by those who are with him. iii. He would be a wonderful counselor/mighty God/everlasting father/ prince of
iv. He will have nothing attractive/will be ordinary/simple/no beauty. peace
v. He will be harshly treated/arrested/wounded/a man of sorrow iv. The messiah would have an everlasting Kingdom/rule forever
vi. His body will be buried with the bodies of rich men/his grave will be v. The messiah would be a ruler from the house of David/ lineage /descendant.
made with the wicked vi. He would rule with justice/righteousness
vii. He will endure all that is done to him in silence. vii. He would be simple/ordinary/humble and without beauty.
viii. The servant will suffer for the sake of others/for our sins viii. He would be rejected/despised and ignored
ix. Through his suffering human beings are reconciled to God. ix. He would suffer for the forgives of the sins of many
x. It is the will of God for the servant to suffer. x. It would be the will of God for him to suffer
xi. His death will bring forgiveness of sin. xi. The messiah would succeed in his work
xii. He will be sentenced to death/killed xii. He would be put to death/ buried with the rich
xiii. Through his suffering human beings will be healed/made whole xiii. He would be filled with God’s spirit
2020 1 b) With references to the infancy narratives in Luke 1 and 2, explain xiv. He would preach Good News and set captives free
ways in which the birth of Jesus was an extraordinary event. - 6 marks 2021 (b) Events that took place when John the Baptist was born (Luke 1:57-
i. The conception of Jesus was through the power of the Holy Spirit. 68). (7mks).
ii. Jesus was born of a virgin. i. The time for Elizabeth to deliver came/she gave birth to a son
iii. His birth was announced by angel Gabriel. ii. The relatives/neighbours came to rejoice with her
iv. His name was given before his birth/his name was given by an angel. iii. On the eight day, the child was circumcised
v. He was to be called the son of the most High God. iv. The child was to be named Zechariah after his father zechariah/ Elizabeth
vi. He would be Holy. said that the child was to be called John.
vii. He would have an everlasting kingdom. v. The people told her that none of her kindred was called by that name.
viii. When he was born/ an angel appeared to the shepherds to announce vi. They made signs to Zechariah inquiring what he would have the child
his birth/a multitude of angels sang songs of praise. named.
2020 1 c) Give six lessons Christians learn from the parents of John the vii. Zechariah asked for writing tablet/wrote the name John.
Baptist. - 6 marks viii. All the people marveled at what he wrote
i. Christians should obey God’s commandments. ix. Zechariah regained his speech immediately/began to talk
ii. They should be patient/persevere x. The people were filled with fear/testified about those things
iii. Christians should be prayerful. xi. Zechariah was filled with the Holy spirit/praised God with a
iv. Christians should lead holy lives/be upright/righteous. hymn/Benedictus.
v. Christians should desire to be led by the Holy Spirit. 2021 (c) Lesson Christian learns from the lives of Zechariah and Elizabeth
vi. Christians should have faith in God/believe in God’s words. (5mks).
vii. Christians should serve God irrespective of their circumstances. i. Christians should have faith in God
viii. Christians learn that doubting God’s word can lead to punishment. ii. They should lead righteous/blameless lives
ix. Christians should praise/worship the lord/thank God/grateful. iii. They should serve God diligently

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 iv. They should be prayerful vii. The shepherds decided to go to Bethlehem/ hurried off to Bethlehem.
v. Christians should relate well with others/rejoice at the blessings of viii. The shepherds saw the baby.
others ix. The shepherds reported what the Angel had said about the baby.
vi. They should thank God for his blessings/show gratitude x. All the people who heard it wondered at what the shepherd had said
vii. They should exercise patience in their lives and the shepherds went back.
viii. They should desire to be led by the Holy spirit xi. They sang/ praised/ glorified God after they had seen Jesus.
ix. Christian should obey God’s commandments xii. Mary kept these things in her heart. (7 x1 =7 marks)
x. Christians should worship and praise God
xi. Christian should depend on God/ask God for their needs. 2022 (c) Identity eight ways in which Christians in Kenya demonstrate their
joy for the birth of Jesus Christ. (8 marks)
2022 (a) State five differences in the annunciation of the birth of John the i. Christians sing/ listen to Christmas songs/ Carols.
Baptist and Jesus Christ. (Luke 1:6-23, 26-38) (5 marks) ii. They attend Christmas worship/ service/ Mass.
i. The birth of Jesus was announced to Mary, his mother while the birth iii. They rest from normal duties.
of John was announced to Zechariah, his father. iv. They prepare/ eat special food/ meals/ Share with relatives/ friends.
ii. The conception of John was to be ordinary/ biological while the v. They buy/ wear new clothes.
conception of Jesus was through the Holy Spirit. vi. Christians watch movies/ films on the birth of Jesus.
iii. Jesus would be the son of The Most High God while John would vii. They give/ exchange gifts/ cards/ messages of good will.
prepare the way of the Lord/servant of God. viii. They visit/ invite family/ friends/ recreational sites.
iv. The birth of Jesus was announced to a virgin/ not yet married while the ix. They read Christmas stories/ Bible.
birth of John the Baptist was announced to the couple who had been x. They decorate their homes/ churches.
childless for long. xi. They help/ share with the needy.
v. Mary was in the town of Nazareth in Galilee during the annunciation xii. Christians repent/ rededicate themselves to God. - They partake the
while Zechariah was in the temple in Judea. Holy communion/ Eucharist.
vi. Zechariah was made dumb when he questioned the possibility of the xiii. They hold Christmas concert/ drama. (8 x1 =8marks)
message while for Mary, when she questioned the angel about the
message, he explained to her how she would conceive.
vii. Mary responded to the angel's message by saying she was the Lord's
servant whereas Zechariah remained silent.
2022 (b) Describe the activities that took place that took place on the night
when Jesus Christ was born. (Luke 2:6-20) (7 marks)
i. He was laid in a manger.
ii. Was wrapped with swaddling clothes.
iii. The Angel appeared to the shepherds when they were looking after
their flocks.
iv. The angel told the shepherds that a savior, who is Christ the Lord had
been born in Bethlehem
v. He gave them a sign on how to identify the baby.
vi. A great company of heavenly hosts/ angels appeared singing praises to
God.

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 QUESTION NUMBER: 2 xi. Educating people through seminars and workshops to avoid some
causes of illness
xii. By visiting the sick in hospitals. (7x1=7 marks)
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL 2006 2 c) Give the lessons that Christians learn from the transfiguration of
Jesus. - 5 marks
i. Christians learn that Jesus is the son of God.
2006 2 a) Outline the story of the raising of the widow’s son at Nain (Luke ii. Christians learn to be prayerful.
7: 11- 17) - 8 marks iii. They learn to live with hope knowing that there is life after death.
 Jesus Christ went to the city of Nain accompanied by His disciples and a iv. They learn that Jesus is the Messiah as foretold by Old Testament
large crowd of people. prophets.
 As He drew near the gate of the town, he met a funeral process' heading v. They learn to share God's secrets with others.
for the burial of dead man. vi. They learn to be always alert through prayer to avoid falling into
 The dead man was the only son of the Jewish widow. temptations.
 When Jesus Christ saw the widow, he had compassion on her told her not vii. They learn to enter the presence of God with respect. (5x1=5 marks)
to weep. 2007 2 a) Describe the temptations of Jesus in the wilderness before he
 He then touched the bier (coffin) and those who were carrying stopped. began his public ministry. - 8 marks
 Jesus told the dead man to rise up. i. Jesus fasted for forty days.
 He sat up and began to speak. ii. The devil told Jesus to command a stone to turn into bread if He ' the son of
 Jesus Christ then handed Him to his mother. God.
iii. Jesus responded that human beings do not live on bread alone.
 The crowd that witnessed this miraculous act was filled with fi and glorified
iv. Then the devil led Jesus to a high mountain and showed Him all the
God.
kingdoms of the world.
 Word about Jesus Christ and what he had done spread through the whole
v. Then the devil told Jesus that he would give Him all worldly authority if He
of Judea and all the surrounding nations. (8x1=8 marks)
worships him.
2006 2 b) Identify ways through which the church continues with the
vi. Jesus responded by stating that only the Lord God should worshipped.
healing ministry of Jesus Christ - 7 marks
vii. Then the devil took Jesus to the highest point (pinnacle) of the temple and
i. Christians pray for the sick.
told Jesus to throw himself down since the angels would protect him.
ii. Christians perform miraculous healing by laying hands anointing the
viii. Jesus responded by saying that God cannot be tempted.
sick.
ix. Thereafter, the devil departed from him for a season. (6x1=6 marks)
iii. They provide guidance and counseling services to the sick.
2007 2 b) What lessons do Christians learn from the temptations of Jesus? -
iv. They construct hospitals for the sick.
5 marks
v. They provide preventive and curative treatment to the sick
i. Christians should accept temptations as part of their lives.
vi. By paying medical expenses for the sick.
ii. Christians learn that they cannot be tempted beyond their strength or
vii. By producing and disseminating medical literature on health issues
ability.
viii. By preaching against causes of ailments that interfere with good
iii. Through temptations and trials, the faith of Christians in God
health.
strengthened.
ix. By providing basic needs to the sick.
iv. When Christians are tempted, they should turn to the Bible for
x. Through training medical personnel to cater for the increasing number
guidance
of patients.

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 v. Christians should seek the help of the Holy Spirit so as to conquer the v. He encouraged the rich to share with the needy.
devil. vi. He told tax collectors not to steal but be honest.
vi. Christians learn that they should only worship God and not anyone vii. He told the tax collectors to stop robbing and accusing others falsely.
else. viii. He told soldiers to be contented with their pay
vii. Christians should always pray and fast so as to overcome temptation ix. He told them that the coming Messiah was mightier than him and that
viii. Christians should be contented with what they have. He was unworthy to untie his sandals.
ix. They should not misuse the power of the Holy Spirit given to them. x. That the Messiah would separate the good from evil
x. Christians should never test or tempt God. (5x1=5 marks) xi. He condemned Herod for Adultery. Herod had married his brother's
2007 2 c) Identify problems faced by new converts in the church today. - 7 wife. (4x2=8 marks)
marks 2008 2 c) Why Christians finding it difficult to apply the teachings of John
i. They are sometimes not fully accepted in the church. the Baptist in their lives today? - 7 marks
ii. The older Christians may not serve as good role models. i. They lack faith in God.
iii. They are tempted to backslide to previous lifestyle. ii. Inability to abandon previous lifestyle.
iv. Older Christians expect them to change faster than they can. iii. Negative attitude by the rich towards the poor.
v. Some experience problems of communication/language barrier. iv. Some Christians lead a hypocritical life.
vi. They may lack Christian literature to strengthen their faith. v. Some Christians lack what to share with others.
vii. Financial demands of the church may be too much for them. vi. There is rampant corruption in the society.
viii. Lack of assistance when a new member is in need. vii. There is disunity among Christians along tribal and denomination lines.
ix. They get frustrated when their expectations are not met. viii. Negative peer pressure.
x. They are assigned duties which they cannot manage. ix. Lack of adequate role models in the society.
xi. They may be rebuked in public when suspected to be on the wrong. x. Emergence of cult leaders and false prophets in the society.
(7x1=7 marks) xi. Moral decadence in the society due to influence of mass media (7x1=7
2008 2 a) Describe the baptism of Jesus in river Jordan by John the Baptist marks)
in Luke 3:21-22. - 5 marks 2009 2 a) Describe the incident when Jesus was rejected at Nazareth. (Luke
 Jesus came to John the Baptist to be baptized. 4: 16- 30) - 7 marks
 Jesus was baptized.  Jesus came to Nazareth where he was brought up.
 During baptism Jesus prayed.  He went to the synagogue as he usually did during the Sabbath day.
 As he was praying the heavens opened.  He was given the book of Isaiah when he stood up to read the part
 The Holy Spirit came upon Him in form of a dove. concerning the Messiah.
 Later a voice was heard from heaven. The voice described Jesus as the  After reading he told them that the scripture had been fulfilled in their
beloved son of God with whom he was pleased.(5xl=5marks) hearing.
2008 2 b) Outline four teachings of John the Baptist. - 8 marks  People were amazed at the gracious words that came from his mouth yet
i. He taught that he was the one to prepare the way for the Messiah as it they knew him as the son of Joseph.
was written in the scriptures.  Jesus told them that they would quote him and tell him to do the miracles
ii. He taught that the Messiah will baptize people with fire and Holy he did in Capernaum
Spirit.  Jesus told them that a prophet is not accepted in his home country.
iii. He taught them to be faithful and obedient to God and not pride in  He told them that there were many widows in Israel during the time of
Abraham as their ancestor. Elijah but God sent the prophet to a widow in Zarephath.
iv. He announced God's coming judgment for sinners.

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 Besides, God only healed Naaman the Syrian of leprosy during the time of vi. They should lend without expecting anything in return.
Prophet Elisha. vii. They should show mercy to others.
 After hearing this, they were filled with anger. viii. They should not judge others.
 They tried to kill him by throwing him down a cliff but Jesus passed through ix. They should be generous.
their midst and went away to Capernaum. (7x1=7 marks x. They should do unto others what they expect to be done to them. (5)
2009 2 b) Give four reasons why Jesus faced opposition from the Pharisees 2010 2 b) Describe the incident in which Jesus calmed the storm (Luke 8:22
in Galilee (Luke 5: 12- 6: 11) - 8 marks - 25). - 10 marks
i. He associated with sinners such as tax collectors t h u s going against  Jesus got in to the boat with his disciples.
the Jewish law.  He told them that they should go to the other side of the lake so they set
ii. He forgave sins by healing the paralyzed man. This is blasphemy off.
because only God is allowed to forgive sins.  As they sailed, Jesus fell asleep.
iii. He disobeyed the law on fasting; his disciples were not fasting like  A storm of wind came down the lake.
those of John the Baptist.  The boat was filled with water and they were in danger.
iv. He disobeyed the Sabbath law by which was against working. His  The disciples went and woke up Jesus saying "master we are perishing"
disciples were seen plucking and eating grains on a Sabbath (Meaning  Jesus got up, rebuked the wind and the raging waves.
they worked).  The storm ceased/ subsided and there was calm.
v. He touched the man with leprosy which was against the Jewish law.  Jesus asked the disciples where their faith was.
vi. He said that their Old Religious Practices (Judaism) were not  The disciples were afraid of Jesus. They wondered who Jesus was because
compatible with Christianity using the parable of wineskins/ garments. even the wind and water could obey Him. (5x2=10 marks
(4x2=8 marks) 2010 2 c) Identify five virtues that Christians learn from the miracle of the
2009 2 c) State five ways in church leaders can respond to those who feeding of the five thousand. - 5 marks
oppose them in their work - 5 marks i. Obedience to God
i. By finding out the reasons or causes of opposition. ii. Faith in God
ii. By praying for them. iii. Humility
iii. Through explaining to them the Gospel truth in a humble manner. iv. Thankfulness
iv. They can seek for reconciliation through a third party. v. Responsibility
v. By involving them in decision making. vi. Generosity/ sharing
vi. Through visiting them in their homes and fellowshipping with them. vii. Compassion
vii. By recognizing their efforts in supporting the church matters. viii. Respect
viii. By sending a message of encouragement to them. ix. Carefulness . (5x1=10 marks)
ix. Through assisting them whenever there is a problem. 2011 2 a) With reference to the sermon on the plain, outline five teachings
x. By changing their approach to issues affecting them. of Jesus on how human beings should relate to one another. - 5 marks
2010 2 a) With reference to the sermon on the plain, state five teachings of i. Human beings should love one another including their enemies
Jesus on how human beings should relate to one another. - 5 marks ii. Christians should share with others
i. Human beings should love their enemies. iii. They should be merciful / compassionate to each other
ii. They should do good to those who hate them. iv. They should not judge others
iii. They should bless those who curse them. v. They should forgive one another/ avoid revenge
iv. They should pray for those who mistreat them. vi. They should pray for those who wrong them
v. They should help those in need. vii. They should not discriminate against one another. (5x1=5 marks)

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2011 2 b) Describe the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman in  During baptism He prayed.
Luke 7:36 - 50. - 8 marks  As he was praying the heavens opened.
 Jesus had been invited by a Pharisee for dinner.  The Holy Spirit came upon Him in form of a dove which landed on his
 While he was at the table a sinful woman who lived in the city came with shoulder.
an alabaster flask of ointment.  Later a voice was heard from heaven. The voice described Jesus as the
 She stood at Jesus' feet weeping and wet his feet with her tears. beloved son of God with whom he was pleased. (5x1=5 marks)
 She used her hair to wipe the feet of Jesus. 2012 2b) Outline seven reasons why Christians undergo Baptism (7mks)
 She kissed the feet of Jesus i. Baptism enables them to become children of God.
 She the n anointed the feet of Jesus with the ointment ii. It enables one to become a member of a Christian community/Christian
 The Pharisee who had invited Jesus questioned in his heart whether Jesus denomination.
was a prophet. iii. It enables them to receive the power of the Holy Spirit.
 Jesus knew the thoughts of Simon and told him the parable of the two iv. It enables them to identify themselves with Christ/all that he stands for.
debtors. v. It symbolizes that one has died and resurrected with Christ , leaving the old
 One owed 500 denari and another owed 50 to the creditor. The creditor sinful nature/acquisition of a new life in Jesus.
decided to cancel their debts. vi. Through baptism, one receives complete forgiveness of sins.
 Jesus asked Simon who of the two debtors would love the creditor more. vii. It prepares Christians for the kingdom of God.
Simon said the one with a bigger debt viii. It unites Christians as members of the body of Christ which is the Church.
 He told Simon that the woman had shown much love because her many ix. It symbolizes obedience to Jesus’ teaching.
sins h a d been forgiven. x. It acts as an outward sign of their inner faith as it is done publicly.
 The other guests began to question who Jesus was to have the power to xi. It is a sign of a new covenant with God. (7 x 1 = 7 marks
forgive 2012 2 c) Explain the importance of transfiguration of Jesus to
 Jesus told the woman that her faith had made her well. And she should go Christians today. - 8 marks
in peace. (8x=8marks) i. It took place when Jesus and three of his disciples were praying: Christians
2011 2 c) Give seven reasons why Christians should ask for forgiveness should therefore take time off their duties to pray.
from God. - 7 marks ii. Jesus and his disciples had retreated to a private place/mountain to pray
i. To be at peace with God Christians therefore should have retreats for prayer.
ii. To show obedience to the teachings of Jesus iii. Resurrection is a reality since Moses who died appeared in the
iii. To improve their relationship with others transfiguration. Christian therefore should have hope for life after death.
iv. It gives them confidence to serve God iv. The cloud symbolized God presence with Jesus. Christians therefore learn
v. It shows their desire to lead a righteous life that God's presence is always with them and they should call upon him
vi. It is a sign of appreciation of God's mercy when they need help.
vii. It is a way of self- reproach v. Moses and Elijah appeared to encourage Jesus about the suffering he was
viii. It is a demonstration of their faith in God about to face. Christians therefore learn that they should accept/endure
ix. So as to be forgiven by God (7x1=7 marks) suffering as a way to salvation.
2012 2 a) Describe the incident when Jesus was baptized in river Jordan by vi. The disciples heard the voice of God which commanded them to listen to
John the Baptist(Luke 3: 21-22). - 5 marks Jesus. Christians learn that God speaks to them / they should listen to Gods
voice / Jesus/the word of God. (4 x 2= 8 marks)
 Jesus came to John the Baptist to be baptized.
 Jesus was baptized.

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 2013 2 a) Describe the call of the first disciples of Jesus. (Luke 5:1-11). - 8 v. There is hope for those who follow Jesus.
marks vi. God's calling requires Christians to abandon their past lives and follow Jesus.
 Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret: vii. He gives them duties and responsibilities to serve him in various capacities
 He saw two boats without the fishermen: viii. Christians should respond to Jesus call immediately. (6x1= 6 marks)
 He entered Simon’s boat/asked them to push it into the water; 2014 2 a) What do Christians learn about Jesus from the incident when he
 He sat down/taught people from the boat; was baptized - 6 marks
 He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a i. Jesus is prayerful.
catch; ii. Jesus is obedient to God.
 Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without iii. Jesus has a human nature.
success; iv. Jesus is humble.
 He obeyed Jesus‘ command let the nets down: v. Jesus is the son of God/ divine Jesus is loved by God /pleased God.
 They caught a lot of fish/asked their partners in the other boat to assist vi. Jesus is filled with the Holy Spirit. (6x1=6 marks)
them remove the nets. 2014 2 b) Describe the temptation of Jesus in the wilderness. (Luke 4:1-13)
 They filled both boats with fish/the boats began to sink: - 7 marks
 Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch  After baptism, Jesus was led by the Holy Spirit in to the wilderness.
of fish/Peter asked Jesus to depart from him because he was sinful man.  Jesus fasted for forty days. He ate nothing and was hungry.
 Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then;  The devil told Jesus to command a stone to turn into bread if He is the son
 They brought their boats to land/followed Jesus. of God.
2013 2 b) Give six reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples. - 6 marks  Jesus responded that human beings do not live on bread alone.
i. In order to teach them the secrets of the Kingdom of God.  Then the devil led Jesus to a high mountain and showed Him all the
ii. To have companions/person assistants; kingdoms of the world.
iii. To form an inner group which should assist him during his public  Then the devil told Jesus that he would give him all worldly authority if He
ministry; worships him.
iv. To be witnesses to his saving acts in the world:  Jesus responded by stating that only the Lord God should be worshipped.
v. To reveal his person/give a new understanding of his messiah ship:  Then the devil took Jesus to the highest point (pinnacle) of the temple
vi. It symbolised the reconstruction of the twelve tribes of Israel.  The devil told Jesus to throw himself down since the angels would protect
vii. To train/prepare them for the mission after his death. him.
viii. To lay a foundation for the establishment of the church.  Jesus responded by saying that God cannot be tempted.
ix. To continue with the biblical theme of election in which God chooses  Thereafter, the devil departed from him for a season. (7x1=7 marks)
anyone to serve him. 6 x 1 = 6 marks 2014 2 c) Outline seven lessons Christians learn from the temptation of
2013 2 c) Identify six lessons that Christians learn from the call of the first Jesus. - 7 marks
disciples. - 6 marks i. Christians should know that their faith can be tested/ can be tempted.
i. Christians learn that God can choose anybody to serve Him regardless of ii. Christians should use the word of God to overcome temptations.
His/her status in society. The first three disciples came from ordinary families. iii. Christians should only worship God.
ii. Christians should trust in God's provision. iv. Christians learn that God cannot tempt them beyond their limit.
iii. Christians learn that God can intervene in the lives of Christians through v. Christians should not use their God given power for material gain.
miracles. vi. Christians should not put God to test.
iv. Christians should work together as a team. Fishermen worked together. vii. Christians should be satisfied with what they have. (7x1=7 marks)

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2015 2 a) Describe the incident in which Jesus raised Jairus’ daughter. viii. The church provides free and affordable services for the sick.
(Luke 8: 40-56) - 7 marks ix. It offers guidance and counseling services to the sick.
 Jairus, a ruler of the synagogue came to Jesus and fell at his feet. x. It participates in cleaning the environment for good health.
 He begged Jesus to go to his house for his only daughter was dying. 2016 2 a) Narrate Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist in the river Jordan in
 Jesus agreed to go. Luke 3: 21-22. - 5 marks
 As Jesus was on his way to Jairus house, He healed a woman who had the  Jesus came to John the Baptist to be baptized.
flow of blood for 12 years.  Jesus was baptized.
 Before Jesus arrived, a man from the ruler's house brought a message that  During baptism Jesus prayed.
the daughter had already died and there is no need to trouble the teacher.  As he was praying the heavens opened.
 Jesus told Jairus not to fear but believe that his daughter will be well.  The Holy Spirit came upon Him in form of a dove.
 On hearing this, Jesus told him to believe that she will be healed.  Later a voice was heard from heaven. The voice described Jesus as the
 When Jesus got to the house of Jairus, He only allowed Peter, John, James beloved son of God with whom he was pleased. (5xl=5marks
and her parents. 2016 2 b) Identify four teachings by John the Baptist. - 8 marks
 Jesus ordered all those who were mourning to stop crying because the girl i. He taught that he was the one to prepare the way for the Messiah as it was
was only asleep. They laughed at Jesus. written in the scriptures.
 Jesus held the girl's hand and ordered her to rise up. ii. He taught that the Messiah will baptize people with fire and Holy Spirit.
 The child came back to life. iii. He taught them to be faithful and obedient to God and not pride in
 The parents were amazed. Abraham as their ancestor.
 Jesus told them not to tell anybody what had happened. (7x1=7 marks) iv. He announced God's coming punishment for sinners.
2015 2 b) State six lessons Christians learn about Jesus from the raising of v. He encouraged the rich to share with the needy.
Jairus’ daughter. - 6 marks vi. He told tax collectors not to steal but be honest.
i. Jesus has power over death. vii. He told the tax collectors to stop robbing and accusing others falsely.
ii. Jesus requires people to have faith in Him. viii. He told soldiers to be contented with their pay
iii. Jesus is approachable. ix. He told them that the coming Messiah was mightier than him and that He
iv. Jesus is concerned about people's needs. was unworthy to untie his sandals.
v. Jesus is the healer. x. That the Messiah would separate the good from evil. (4x2=8 marks)
vi. He brings joy to people. 2016 2 c) Give reasons why Christians find it difficult to apply the teachings
vii. He is humble. of John the Baptist in their lives. - 7 marks
viii. Jesus is a teacher. (6x1=6 marks) i. They lack faith in God.
2015 2 c) How is the Church in Kenya helping the sick? - 7 marks ii. Inability to abandon previous lifestyle.
i. It gives financial assistance to the sick. iii. Negative attitude by the rich towards the poor.
ii. By constructing hospitals and recreational facilities for the sick. iv. Some Christians lead a hypocritical life.
iii. The church prays for the sick. v. Some Christians lack what to share with others.
iv. The church encourages the sick. vi. There is rampant corruption in the society.
v. The church has rehabilitation centers where they pray for the sick. vii. There is disunity among Christians a long tribal and denominational
vi. By accepting the sick in church and preaching messages of hope to lines.
them. viii. Negative peer pressure.
vii. The church trains medical personnel to offer health services. ix. Lack of adequate role models in the society.
x. Emergence of cult leaders and false prophets in the society.

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 xi. Moral decadence in the society due to influence of mass media. (7x1=7 2018 2 a) Explain the teachings of Jesus on the qualities of a true disciple
marks (Luke 6: 20-49). - 8 marks
2017 2 a) State the teaching of John the Baptist as the forerunner of Jesus i. Perseverance in the face of persecution — A true disciple should
Christ. - 8 marks endure suffering.
i. John the Baptist taught on the need for repentance for forgiveness of ii. Unwavering faith in Jesus — A true disciple should have absolute faith
sins. in God.
ii. He condemned the hypocrisy of the Jews. iii. Love for enemies — A true disciple should love even their
iii. He told people about the coming judgement which was to be effected enemies/pray for them.
by the Messiah. iv. Obedience/implementers of the teachings of Jesus — A true disciple
iv. He taught people to be charitable/share with others. should accept the lordship of Christ/implement His teaching.
v. He condemned the oppression of the poor through robbery/false v. Forgiving others — A true disciple should forgive others/not revenge.
accusation. vi. Generosity/kindness — A true disciple should share with others/be
vi. He told tax collectors to be honest/soldiers to be contented with their generous.
wages. vii. Not to judge others — A true disciple should exercise self-criticism
vii. He taught that the messiah who would come is greater than him. before judging others.
viii. He condemned King Herod for adultery. viii. Show compassion/mercy to others — A true disciple should be
ix. He told people that the messiah would baptize with the Holy Spirit. merciful just like God.
2017 2 b) Outline what Jesus said about John the Baptist to His disciples. - 2018 2 b) Describe the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman
6 marks (Luke 7: 36-50). - 7 marks
i. Jesus said that John the Baptist was the greatest Prophet.  Simon the Pharisee invited Jesus to his house to eat with him.
ii. He said that John’s mission had been prophesied in the scriptures.  A woman who was known to be a sinner came to Jesus with an alabaster
iii. That John was a messenger/His forerunner. flask of ointment.
iv. John lived in the wilderness.  She started weeping/wiped the feet of Jesus with her hair/kissed/anointed
v. He led a simple life. the feet of Jesus.
vi. He said that John was a nazarite/ate no bread nor drank any wine.  Simon wondered how Jesus could allow such a sinner to touch Him.
vii. The people had accused John of being possessed by a demon  Jesus knowing Simon’s thoughts decided to tell him the parable of the two
2017 2 c) Explain ways in which church leaders should respond to members debtors who owed their master different amounts of money and the
who oppose them in their work. - 6 marks master forgave them.
i. The church leaders should find out/investigate the reason for their  Jesus asked Simon who among the two debtors was more grateful.
opposition.  Simon answered that the debtor who had more was more grateful.
ii. They should forgive them/seek reconciliation.  Jesus told Simon that the sinful woman had shown a lot of love because her
iii. The leaders should pray for those who oppose them. welcome their many sins had been forgiven.
contributions.  Jesus told the woman to go in peace for her faith had saved her/her sins
iv. Include them in fellowships/church activities. had been forgiven.
v. Look for opportunities to assist them especially when in problems. 2018 2 c) State five lessons Christians learn from the incident in which
vi. Review/change their approach to issues. Jesus forgave the sinful woman. - 5 marks
i. Christians should confess/repent their sins.
ii. The Kingdom of God is open to all/universal.
iii. Christians should have faith in God.

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 iv. Christians should be merciful/show compassion to those who are lost 2019 2 c) Give seven reasons why some Christians find it difficult to help
in sin. the needy. - 7 marks
v. Christians should not judge others. i. Some Christians lack what to share with the needy/inadequate
vi. Christians should be grateful/thankful for the free gift of resources.
salvation/forgiveness of sins. ii. There are too many needy cases in the society hence they help a few.
2019 2 a) State five reasons why Jesus used parables in his teaching. -5 iii. Sometimes it is difficult to identify the needy cases since some tend to
marks pretend.
i. Jesus used parables in order to attract listeners/audience. iv. Due to tribal/ethnic barriers whereby some do not help those who
ii. He wanted to provoke his listeners to think for themselves/make belong to other communities.
individual judgment. v. Denominational differences whereby some Christians are not read to
iii. In order to isolate serious / keen listeners from those who were not. share with those who do not belong to their group
iv. He wanted to keep his identity secret. vi. Poor infrastructure/communication in some areas make it difficult to
v. The use of parables was to avoid direct confrontation with Jewish reach the needy.
religious leaders. vii. Selfishness/individualism which makes Some Christians ignore the
vi. It was a demonstration of his wisdom. plight/suffering of the needy.
vii. It was a common method of teaching viii. Political affiliations can influence Christians against helping those who
2019 2 b) Describe the parable of the good Samaritan. (Luke 10:29-37). - 7 do not belong to their camp.
marks 2020 2 a) Give five reasons why Jesus was rejected in Nazareth. - 5 marks
 A lawyer asked Jesus who a neighbour is. i. Jesus claimed to be the Messiah fulfilling Isaiah’s prophecy
 Jesus responded by telling him the parable of the good Samaritan. ii. Jesus did not perform miracles in Nazareth as he had performed in
 He said a man was on his way to Jericho from Jerusalem when he fell Capernaum
among robbers. iii. He annoyed the listeners by telling them that their forefathers had
 They stripped him/beat him/departed leaving him half dead. rejected/persecuted the prophets of the lord
 A priest who was going down that road saw him but passed on the other iv. He told the people that since they had rejected the good news it will be
side. given to the gentiles
 A Levite came, saw him but also passed on the other side. v. The Jews in Nazareth were annoyed when Jesus compared them
 But a Samaritan, as he journeyed came to where he was. unfavourably with the gentiles
 He had compassion/bound up his wounds after pouring oil/wine on them. vi. He told them that no prophet is accepted in his own home town
 He set him on his beast/took him to an inn to rest. 2020 2 b) Describe the incident in which Jesus healed the Centurion’s
Servant (Luke 7:1-10) - 6 marks
 He paid the inn keeper/promised to come back and pay whatever else
would be used in caring for the injured man.  Jesus entered the town of Capernaum
 Jesus then asked who among the three proved to be a neighbour to the  A centurion had a very sick servant/heard that Jesus was in town
man who fell among the robbers.  He sent Jewish elders to Jesus asking him to come to his house and heal his
 The lawyer replied that it was the one who had shown mercy Jesus told him sick servant/slave
to go and do likewise.  The elder went to Jesus and persuaded him to go and heal the servant since
the centurion had built them a synagogue/loves the nation.
 Before he reached the house centurion sent his friends to tell Jesus not to
go to his house because he was not worthy to have him in his house.

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  He requested Jesus to say a word for it would heal his servant just as the  When the sinful woman who lived in the city heard that Jesus was in the
centurion commands his officers /servants and they obey Pharisees’ house, she came with a jar of ointment
 Jesus marveled at what the centurion had said  The woman started weeping/wetting Jesus with her tears/wiping the feet
 Jesus told the multitude that he had not found such faith in Israel with her hair/anointed the feet of Jesus with the ointment
 When those who had been sent returned to the house they found the  Simon wondered why Jesus allowed a sinner to touch him/if Jesus was a
servant/slaves healed prophet he should have known this woman was a prostitute
2020 2 c) Identify eight ways through which the Church is continuing with  Jesus knowing his thoughts answered him by giving a parable of a creditor
the healing ministry of Jesus. - 8 marks and two debtors
i. Christians pray for the sick/laying of hands/anointing the sick  One debtor owed a creditor five hundred denarii while the other owed fifty
ii. They visit the sick denarii
iii. They offer guidance and counselling to the sick  Both debtors were unable to pay/ the creditor cancelled both debts
iv. They perform some duties for the sick  Jesus asked Simon who would love the creditor more
v. Christians build hospitals/health facilities/offering medical services to the  Simon answered the one who was forgiven more.
sick/rehabilitation services.  Jesus told Simon that the sinful woman had shown a lot of love for him/her
vi. They train medical personnel many sins had been forgiven
vii. Through donating blood to save lives/organ transplant.  Jesus then told the woman that her faith had saved her/told her to go in
viii. They offer education/medical advice to the general society through peace her many sins had been forgiven
seminars/workshop/mass media. 2021 (c) Lessons Christians learn from the incident in which Jesus forgave the
ix. Providing financial/material support to the sick sinful woman (6mks)
x. By preaching the word of God to the sick i. Christians should not judge/condemn others
2021 (a) Reasons why Jesus was opposed by the Jewish religious leaders ii. Christians should tolerate others
during his ministry. (6mks). iii. Christians should not think of themselves as being more righteous than
i. Jesus was opposed because he associated with sinners/ tax collectors others/should be humble
ii. Jesus worked on the Sabbath/healed people on the Sabbath iv. Christians should show mercy/compassion to the need
iii. Jesus forgave sins which was considered as blasphemy/equated himself with v. Christians should have faith in Jesus
God vi. Christians should practices hospitality/be kind/generous
iv. Jesus claimed that he would destroy the temple and build another one in vii. Christians should use their resources to serve God
three days. viii. Christians should preach the good news to others
v. The disciples of Jesus did not observe the law of fasting ix. Christians should confess their sins/ forgive others
vi. Jesus had become more popular than the religious leaders x. Christians should be grateful /thankful for the gift of salvation.
vii. Jesus accused the Jewish religious leaders of hypocrisy/called them
hypocrites 2022. (a) Describe the incident in which Jesus Christ called the first disciples.
viii. The religious leaders did not believe that Jesus was the messiah (Luke 5:1-11). (8marks)
ix. Jesus touched a man with leprosy which was against Jewish laws.  Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret.
 He saw two boats without fishermen/ the fishermen had gone out of their
2021 (b) The incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman (Luke 7:36-50). boats to wash their nets.
8mks.  He got into Simon's boat/ asked Simon to push it into the water.
 Jesus was invited for dinner into a Pharisee’s house/Simon  Jesus taught the people from the boat.

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 He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a iii. They learn that God can choose anybody regardless of their status/
catch. position in the society.
 Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without iv. They learn that God reveals Himself to people in their daily activities.
success. v. Christians should have faith in God.
 Simon told Jesus that because of His word/ command, he would let down vi. Christians learn that Jesus is their savior/ liberates them from their
the nets He Obeyed Jesus Command/ let the net down. sufferings.
 They caught a lot of fish/ asked their partners in other boats to assist them vii. They learn that there is hope for those who follow Jesus.
remove the catch. viii. Christians learn that those who are called should repent/ confess their
 They filled both boats with fish such that the boats began to sink. sins.
 Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch ix. Christians should work as a team/ co-operate with others.
of fish. x. Christians should be diligent in their work.
 Peter asked Jesus to depart form him because he was a sinful man. xi. Christians should make God's work/ service a priority/ be ready to
 Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he would henceforth be catching forsake their past life for the sake of Christ.
men. xii. Christians should respond to Jesus’s call immediately/ instantly.
 They brought their boats to the land.
 They left everything/ followed Jesus. (8 x1 =8marks)
2022 (b) With reference to the sermon on the plain, outline five teachings of
Jesus on how human beings should relate to one another. (5 marks)
i. Human beings should love one another including their enemies.
ii. Human beings should pray for those who wrong them.
iii. Human beings should bless those who curse them.
iv. Human beings should do good to those who hate them.
v. Human beings should share their material possessions with the
needy/ help others.
vi. Human beings should forgive one another/ should not revenge.
vii. Human beings should be merciful/ compassionate to others.
viii. Human beings should not judge/ condemn others.
ix. Human beings should not discriminate/ favour others.
x. They should do unto others what they expect to be done to them.
xi. Human beings should lend without expecting anything in return.
xii. Human beings should be generous.

2022 c) Identify seven lessons Christians learn from the call of the first
disciples. (7 marks)
i. Christians learn that God still calls people today to serve Him/ give
them duties/responsibilities.
ii. Christians learn they should respond to the call of God with obedience/
humility.

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 QUESTION NUMBER: 3 iv. He was overcome by temptations of Satan.
v. He was an informer of Jewish religious leaders
vi. He lacked moral courage to stand by Jesus during his moment
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL tribulation
vii. He was expecting a political messiah yet Jesus was a spiritual Messiah.
viii. He was disappointed by Jesus stress on spiritual kingdom rather than
2006 3 a) Give reasons why Jesus used the parable of the lost son in his fulfilling the Jewish expectations of a political messiah. (4x2=8 marks)
teaching - 6 marks 2007 3 a) Outline the events that took place in the Mount of Olives before
i. To encourage sinners to accept the word of God the arrest of Jesus. - 7 marks
ii. To show consequences of loose living i. On arriving at Mount Olives, Jesus told His disciples to pray so that they
iii. To encourage people to realize their sinfulness and be willing to repent. cannot fall into temptations.
iv. To teach Christians on the need to forgive others. ii. He moved at a distance away from the disciples, knelt down and prayed.
v. To teach about God's love for all people. iii. The disciples fell asleep.
vi. To teach that the kingdom of God is universal; belongs to all people. iv. Jesus went back to His disciples and found them asleep.
vii. To show God's unconditional forgiveness v. Jesus woke them up and asked them to pray in order to avoid falling into
viii. To warn against judging others. temptations.
ix. To teach his audience the need to rejoice when sinners repent. vi. As Jesus was speaking, a crowd came led by Judas Iscariot.
x. He wanted to encourage families to live in harmony and unity (6x1=6 marks) vii. Jesus drew near to kiss Jesus. Jesus asked Judas why he was betraying Him
2006 3 b) Outline the preparations that Jesus made for the last supper. with a kiss.
(Luke 22: 7- 14) - 6 marks viii. The disciples tried to defend him by cutting off the ear of the chief priests'
i. Jesus sent Peter and John to go into Jerusalem city and make slave.
preparations for the last supper. ix. Jesus returned the ear of the chief priest and healed him.
ii. He told them that they will meet a man in the city carrying a jar of x. He asked the chief priests and temple guards why they had come to arrest
water. him like a common thief.
iii. They were to follow the man to the house where he enters. xi. They seized and took him away. (4x2=8 marks)
iv. Once in the house, they were to ask the householder to show them the 2007 3 b) Give reasons why Peter denied Jesus. - 8 marks
guest room. i. He feared being arrested as a companion of Jesus.
v. Jesus told them that the householder would show them a large ii. It was a fulfillment of Jesus' prediction.
furnished upper room. iii. He was overcome by the devil.
vi. He instructed the disciples to prepare the room. iv. He was disappointed by the fact that Jesus did not fight back.
vii. They went and found as Jesus had told them. v. He lacked support since other disciples had left Jesus.
viii. They prepared the room and the meal. vi. Human weakness; he lacked moral courage to stand by Jesus during his
ix. Jesus and His disciples sat down in the prepared room. (6x1=6 marks) time of trial.
2006 3 c) Identify the reasons that made Judas Iscariot betray Jesus -8 vii. He lacked faith in Jesus. (4x2=8 marks)
marks 2007 3 c) Why is the death of Jesus important to Christians? - 5 marks
i. It was God's will for the fulfillment of the scripture to be realized. i. Through the death of Jesus, human beings were reconciled with God.
ii. Greed for money. He was promised 30 pieces of silver by the high ii. The death confirms to Christians that Jesus is the son of God.
priest if he betrayed Jesus for them. iii. It encourages Christians to pray whenever they face difficulties.
iii. He was unable to conquer the power of evil.

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 iv. Christians are assured of fulfillment of God's prophecies in the lives since the ii. They had witnessed the helplessness of Jesus at the time of crucifixion;
death of Jesus was a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. hence, they had lost hope in Him.
v. Through the death, Christians are forgiven their sins. iii. They had not understood the teachings of Jesus Christ which indicated
vi. Christians are able to commit themselves to the will of God. that he would resurrect on the third day.
vii. Through his death, Christians receive salvation from God. iv. They had witnessed the burial and could not imagine how the stone
viii. It enables Christians to face death with courage. (5x1= marks) could be rolled away.
v. They felt ashamed for having denied and betrayed him; hence, wished
2008 3 a) How did Jesus celebrate the last supper with his disciples? -7 that it was not true.
marks vi. They lacked faith in the teachings of Jesus Christ.
i. Jesus sat with his disciples at one table vii. They had expected a political Messiah who was to die in dignity. (4x2=8
ii. He told them that he had desired to have the meal with them marks)
iii. He took the cup, gave thanks and asked the disciples to share 2009 3 a) Identify five teachings that Jesus made to the guests at the
iv. He also took bread, gave thanks, broke it and gave to them Pharisees’ house (Luke 14: 1– 14) - 5 marks
v. He explained to them the meaning of the bread and wine/ covenant i. Saving a life can be done on a Sabbath day.
vi. He commanded the disciples to hold the ritual in memory of him ii. It is well to respond to emergency even o n a Sabbath.
vii. He informed them that they would be betrayed by one of them iii. Human life is more important than animal life.
viii. He taught the disciples qualities of good leadership: humility service to iv. It is good to be humble and sit in the lowly place on a Sabbath.
others v. Those who exalt themselves will be humbled and those who humble
ix. He told Simon that he would be tested by Satan. themselves will be exalted.
x. Jesus assured his disciples of a place in heaven for having stood Him. vi. It is blessed to invite the poor, lame and blind to the feast instead
xi. He informed Peter to strengthen and take care of others in the faith relatives and friends who can invite you back.
xii. Jesus told Peter that he would deny him three times before the co crowed vii. Those who do good things for the less fortunate will be repaid during
xiii. He commanded the disciples to prepare themselves to suffer for the sake the redemption of the just. (5x1=5 marks)
of the Kingdom. (4x2=8 marks) 2009 3 b) Give four reasons why Jesus used the parable of the great feast
2008 3 b) Outline the lessons that Christians learn from the incident when in his teachings (Luke 14: 15 – 24) - 8 marks
Jesus went to pray with disciples on the Mount of Olives. - 5 marks i. He wanted to explain that invitation to God's Kingdom is open many
i. Christians should depend on God for strength. people.
ii. Christians should be ready to suffer for God's sake. ii. He wanted to show that Jews were given the first chance to be part of
iii. They should be alert for the enemy strikes when they do not expect. God's Kingdom but they rejected.
iv. Prayer helps Christians to overcome temptations and difficult iii. He wanted to show that people reject God's call to material possession or
situations. family commitment which acts as obstacles to one's spiritual life
v. They should have close friends to lean on. iv. He wanted to show that gentiles or outcasts are called to God’s Kingdom
vi. Christians should be prayerful. to replace the non-responding Jews.
vii. They should put God's will first. (5x1=5 marks) v. He wanted to explain that God's invitation is extended to many people.
Meaning that salvation is universal.
2008 3 c) Give four reasons why the disciples found it difficult to believe vi. So as to explain that those who do not accept God's call will not receive
that Jesus had resurrected. - 8 marks blessings of God's kingdom/or enter the Kingdom of God.
i. The message was taken to them by women who were regarded as vii. He wanted to challenge the Jews and Pharisees who count themselves as
lowly in society; hence it seemed an idle talk. righteous yet they failed to respond to God's call. (4x2=8 marks)

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2009 3 c) Write down seven reasons why Christians take part in the Lord’s iii. It can lead to violent physical injuries.
Supper - 7 marks iv. It can lead to destruction of property.
i. Through it, they remember the death of Jesus as a sacrifice for the v. It is against the Biblical teaching on love
forgiveness of sins. vi. It can be fuelled by malice and incitement.
ii. The ceremony is a form of thanking God for His love and redemption vii. The victim is denied a chance of defending herself or himself
iii. It is a time that Christians renew their faith in God. viii. It is a form of revenge.
iv. It gives Christians an opportunity to ask for forgiveness from God. ix. It can lead to regrets especially after killing or injuring someone
v. It unites believes as they fellowship together. x. It does not give room for forgiveness or reconciliation .(1x6= 6 marks)
vi. Thorough it Christians participate in the 2nd Coming of Jesus Christ. 2011 3 a) Outline the instructions that Jesus gave to the seventy two
vii. It is a forecast of the heavenly feast which Jesus promised his disciples. disciples when he sent them on a mission. - 8 marks
viii. It is a sign of obedience to Christ who commanded disciples to do it in i. They were not to carry anything like bags, purses or scandals.
His memory. (7x1=7 marks) ii. No saluting anyone on the road.
2010 3 a) State four accusations that were made against Jesus during his iii. To preach peace in the house they entered.
trial (Luke 22:66 - 23:1 - 23). - 4 marks iv. To heal the sick and tell that the kingdom of God had come near them
i. Jesus called himself the Messiah v. To shake off dust from their feet where they were rejected
ii. He claimed to be the son of God. vi. To eat and sleep in the house where they were welcomed.
iii. He was inciting people to revolt. vii. They were not supposed to move from house to house. (4x2=8 marks)
iv. He was opposing people from paying taxes to Caesar. 2011 3 b) Relate the parable of the Pharisee and the tax collector (Luke
v. He had made himself the King of Jews against the Roman authority 18:9-14), - 5 marks
vi. He was equating Himself with God (blasphemy). (4x1=4 marks)  Two men went into the temple to pray; a Pharisee and a tax collector.
2010 3 b) Give five reasons why Jesus appeared to His disciples after  The Pharisee praised himself in prayer.
resurrection. - 10 marks  He said a long prayer that highlighted his achievements a religious person.
i. He wanted to strengthen their faith. He thanked God because he is not greedy and dishonest like the tax
ii. So as to comfort them. collector
iii. In order to empower them to serve.  The tax collector stood at a distance, prayed and could not lift his eyes to
iv. So as to commission them to be his witnesses. heaven.
v. He wanted to tell them about the coming of the Holy Spirit.  He beat his breast saying he is a sinner and asked God to have mercy on
vi. In order to confirm to them the Old Testament prophesies that has him.
been fulfilled.  It was the tax collector that was justified by God.
vii. He wanted to confirm to them that he is alive and has power over  Jesus concluded by saying that whoever exalts himself will be humbled and
death. whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
viii. He wanted to present to them the correct interpretation of suffering 2011 3 c) Give seven reasons that make Christians pray. - 7 marks
Messiah. i. To show their faith in God.
ix. So as to bless them. (5x2=10 marks) ii. To honour God.
iii. To ask for their needs from God.
2010 3 c) Why should Christians be discouraged from taking part is mob iv. To thank God for his faithfulness.
justice? - 6 marks v. Prayer helps to relieve fears or anxiety/ worry.
i. It does not give room for reason. vi. To communicate with Jesus.
ii. It is based on emotions. vii. To follow the example of God.

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 viii. It is a command from God. v. Christians should use opportunities provided to glorify God. Christians
ix. It is an instrument through which the work of Satan is destroyed. will lose their abilities if they do not use them.
(7x1=7 marks) 2013 3 a) Outline Jesus' teaching on watchfulness and readiness. (Luke
2012 3 a) Describe the incident of the healing of the ten lepers. - 7 marks 12:35-48). - 8 marks
i. On his way to Jerusalem, Jesus met ten men who were suffering from a i. Believers should be dressed in readiness for his coming.
dreaded skin disease (leprosy). ii. They should keep their lamps burning.
ii. The men stood at a distance and shouted to Jesus to have mercy on iii. Believers should be alert and always awake.
them. iv. They should be prepared at all times since they do not know the time
iii. Jesus told them to go and show themselves to the priests for Christ's coming.
iv. As they went, they were all healed. v. Believers should continue working until Christ comes back.
v. One of them, a Samaritan, came back praising God. He threw himself vi. Those found doing the right thing will be rewarded and blessed.
at the feet of Jesus and thanked him. vii. Servants who mistreat fellow workers will be punished.
vi. Jesus wondered why only the foreigner (Samaritan) came back thank viii. Those who know what is required of them and fail to do it will receive
him. a severe beating.
vii. Jesus asked him to go for his faith had made him well. ix. Those who do wrong out of ignorance will receive lesser punishment.
2012 3 b) Explain the teaching of Jesus on the power of faith (Luke 17: 1- x. Servants who mistreat fellow workers will be punished. (8x1=8 marks)
37). - 8 marks 2013 3 b) Narrate the parable of the widow and the unjust judge. (Luke
i. Faith gives believers strength to overcome temptation/sin. 18:1-8). - 6 marks
ii. It enables them to forgive each other constantly i. There was a judge who neither feared God nor man;
iii. It makes them even the weakest to be strong spiritually. ii. In the same city, there was a widow who always came to his office seeking
iv. Enables believers to perform their duties without expecting material for justice against his enemy;
rewards iii. She wanted the judge to help her settle the case between her and her
v. Faith leads to physical healing. adversaries
vi. Faith enables believers to work tirelessly because there is a lot to done iv. The widow was persistent and kept on going to the judge.
vii. Faith enables believers to show gratitude to God for his blessing v. The judge at first refused to grant the request of the widow;
benefit they have received from him vi. The judge was afraid of getting worn out by the widow's persistence
viii. It enables them to experience the kingdom of God in their hearts vii. The judge finally accepted to grant the widow her request.
ix. It enables believers to enter the kingdom of God viii. Jesus said that God would grant the request of those who pray to him
x. Faith enables believers to overcome trials and challenges of life. (8x1=8 persistently
marks) ix. Jesus said that God responds to those who pray to Him speedily.
2012 3 c) What lessons do Christians learn from the parable of the ten (6xl=6marks)
pounds? (Luke 19:11-27) - 5 marks 2013 3 c) Give six reasons why Christians should have faith in God. - 6
i. Christians should use the abilities that God has given them fort benefit marks
of others. i. God fulfills the promises He makes to human beings;
ii. Christians will be rewarded according to their performances. ii. Faith is a requirement for all Christians.
iii. Christian have been given different gifts or abilities by God. iii. Those who pray in faith receive their request.
iv. Christians will give an account of how they used their abilities. iv. Christians are dependent on God for all things;
Christians need to be obedient to God. v. Faith is a sign of commitment to God.
vi. It is through faith on God that Christians can perform miracles;

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 vii. Christians who have faith in God can be healed; ii. Christians should endure suffering on account of their faith.
viii. Faith in God helps Christians to overcome temptations/face challenges and iii. Christians should forgive their enemies.
persecutions. iv. Christians should confess and repent their sins
ix. Christians who have faith in God can be saved v. Christians should be obedient to God.
x. Faith enables Christians to be assured of an eternal life vi. Christians should stand for the truth at all times.
xi. It enables Christians to wait patiently for second coming of Jesus. vii. Christians should be prayerful.
xii. Faith enables Christians to demonstrate their obedience to God viii. Christians should be courageous
xiii. Christians are assured of an eternal life through faith. (6x1=6 marks) ix. Christians should surrender to the Lordship of Jesus Christ.
2014 3 a) Describe the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. (Luke (7xl=7marks)
19:28-40) - 6 marks 2015 3 a) Identify the events that took place between the death and burial
 When Jesus came to Mt. Olives, He sent two of his disciples to the opposite of Jesus. (Luke 23: 44-56). - 7 marks
village to get him a young donkey which had not been used before. i. There was darkness all over the land between the sixth and ninth hour.
 They were to explain to the owner that they are untying it since the Lord ii. The curtain of the temple was torn into two.
needs it iii. Jesus committed his spirit in t o h i s father's hand.
 They found the colt, untied it and brought to Jesus. iv. The centurion who witnessed the death of Jesus confessed that certainly
 The disciples put their garments on its back and Jesus sat on it. Jesus was an innocent man.
 As he rode along the road, they spread their garments on the road where v. The multitude who witnessed the death beat their breasts as they went
he passed. away.
 The whole crowd of disciples praised God by singing in high voices. vi. The women from Galilee stood at a distance and watched in silence.
 Pharisees in the crowd asked Jesus to silence the crowd. vii. Joseph of Arimathea went to Pilate to ask for the body of Jesus.
 Jesus answered them that if disciples keep quiet, the stones cry out. (6x1=6 viii. He took down the body from the cross, wrapped it in linen cloth and laid it in
marks) a tomb.
2014 3 b) Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was ix. The women from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb where the body
arrested up to the time he was sentenced to die. - 7 marks was laid. (7x1=7 marks)
i. Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest. 2015 3 b) How did Jesus reveal himself to the two men going to Emmaus?
ii. Peter denied Jesus three times. (Luke 24:13 - 31). - 6 marks
iii. Jesus was mocked, beaten and blindfolded. i. Jesus joined the two men as they walked to Emmaus.
iv. Jesus was taken to the council of Sanhedrin and was accused of ii. He listened to what they were discussing.
blasphemy. iii. He questioned them on what they were talking about.
v. He was sent to Herod who questioned him but found no guilt. iv. Jesus rebuked them for their foolishness and lack of faith in the scripture.
vi. Later he tried before Pilate who found him innocent. However the v. He explained the scripture about the life of Christ to them.
crowd demanded for his crucifixion. vi. He went to stay with them for the evening.
vii. Pilate agreed and sentenced Jesus to crucifixion on accounts of high vii. At the table, he took bread and gave thanks.
treason. viii. He broke bread and served them.
viii. The crowd requested for release of Barabbas, a criminal to be released. ix. Immediately their eyes were opened and they were able to recognize Him.
(7x1=7 marks) (6x1=6 marks)
2014 3 c) State seven lessons Christian learn from the suffering and death 2015 3 c) Why is the resurrection of Jesus important to Christians? - 7
of Jesus. - 7 marks marks
i. Christians should have faith in God. i. The resurrection of Jesus forms the foundation of Christian faith.

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 ii. It gives Christians hope of eternal life. i. Christians should use the abilities that God has given them for the benefit of
iii. The resurrection of Jesus confirms that there is life after death. others.
iv. It confirms Jesus as the son of God. ii. Christians will be rewarded according to their performances.
v. Through the resurrection of Jesus, death has been conquered. iii. Christian have been given different gifts or abilities by God.
vi. It confirms the fulfillment of Old Testament scriptures. iv. Christians will give an account of how they used their abilities.
vii. Resurrection of Jesus led to the coming of the Holy Spirit. v. Christians need to be obedient to God.
viii. It confirms to Christians that they worship a living savior. vi. God expects Christians to use opportunities provided for his glory.
ix. It is a central theme in Christian preaching. vii. Christians will lose their abilities if they do not use them. (5x1=5 marks)
x. It confirms that Christians will resurrect and have a new body. 2017 3 a) Describe the incident in which Jesus had the last supper with His
xi. It gives Christians courage to face the suffering and persecution on disciples. - 7 marks
account of being Jesus' disciples. (7x1=7 marks)  Jesus sat with His disciples at one table.
2016 3 a) Explain the healing of the ten Lepers. - 7 marks  He told them that He had desired to have the meal with them before His
- On his way to Jerusalem, Jesus met ten men who were suffering from a suffering.
dreaded s k in disease (leprosy).  Jesus then took bread/broke it/gave thanks/gave them/said “This is my
- The men stood at a distance. body given to you, do this in remembrance of me”.
- They shouted at Jesus to have mercy on them.  After supper He took a cup of wine and said. “This cup which is poured out
- Jesus told them to go and show themselves to the priests. for you is the new covenant in my blood".
- As they went, they were all healed.  He told the disciples that one of them was going to betray Him.
- One of them, a Samaritan, came back praising God.  The disciples questioned who would betray Jesus.
- He threw himself at the feet of Jesus and thanked him.  The disciples argued amongst themselves as to who was the greatest of
- Jesus wondered why only the foreigner came back to thank him. them all.
- Jesus asked him to go for his faith had made him well. (7x1=7 marks)  Jesus told them that the greatest is the one who serves.
2016 3 b) Discuss Jesus' teaching on the power of faith. - 8 marks  Jesus told Simon that he would be tested by Satan/he would deny Jesus.
i. Faith gives believers strength to overcome temptation/sin
 Jesus told Simon that He had already prayed for him to strengthen the
ii. It enables them to forgive each other constantly
others.
iii. It makes even the weakest to be strong spiritually.
 Jesus advised the disciples to have their bags/purses/swords.
iv. Enables believers to perform their duties without expecting material
2017 3 b) Give six reasons why Jesus used bread and wine during the last
rewards
supper. - 6 marks
v. Faith leads to physical healing
i. Jesus used bread because it was a common meal for the Jews.
vi. Faith enables believers to work tirelessly because there is a lot to be done
ii. He used bread because unleavened bread was used during the Jewish
vii. Faith enables believers to show gratitude to God for his blessing/ benefit
celebration of the Passover.
they have received from him
iii. He used wine because it was a common drink for the Jews.
viii. It enables them to experience the kingdom of God in their hearts
iv. Jesus explained that the bread represented his body which would be broken
ix. It enables believers to enter the kingdom of God
for forgiveness of sin.
x. Faith enables believers to overcome trials and challenges of life. (8x1=8
v. He used wine to represent his blood that was to be shed for the sealing of
marks)
the new covenant.
2016 3 c) What five lessons can Christians learn from the parable of the ten
vi. He used the bread to demonstrate that he is the bread of life/the lamb of
pounds? - 5 marks
sacrifice.

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 vii. Jesus shared bread and wine as a sign of fellowship/unity/a preparation for iii. There will be wars between nations.
the messianic banquet. iv. Natural calamities like earthquakes/roaring of the seas will occur.
viii. Jesus used the bread and wine to initiate the new covenant. He used bread v. The followers of Christ will be hated/persecuted.
and wine to institutionalize/demonstrate how the disciples would practice vi. There will be famine/pestilences.
the ritual in future. 2018 3 c) Give seven ways in which Christians are preparing themselves for
2017 3 c) Outline the importance of celebrating the Holy Communion in the second coming of Jesus Christ. - 7 marks
the church today. - 7 marks i. Christians pray/fast in readiness for the second coming of Jesus.
i. Christians celebrate the Holy Communion to remember the ii. By accepting/confessing Jesus as their personal savior.
death/resurrection of Jesus. iii. Living holy lives/pursuing righteousness.
ii. Celebrating the Holy Communion is a foretaste of messianic banquet. iv. Through preaching the gospel to others/winning souls for Christ.
iii. Through the celebration Christians are able to experience the Holy Spirit/the v. Reading/practicing the word of God.
presence of the Holy trinity. vi. By fellowshipping/encouraging one another.
iv. Christians celebrate the Holy Communion in anticipation of the second vii. By helping the poor/needy.
coming of Christ. viii. Christians confess/repent their sins.
v. Christians are able to renew their faith in God/rededicate their lives to God. 2019 3 a) State the teaching of Jesus on how a Christian should approach
vi. It encourages the spirit of sharing/demonstrates love. God in prayer. - 7 marks
vii. It gives Christians an opportunity to thank God for salvation. i. Prayer should be addressed to God as the father.
viii. lt give Christians an opportunity to ask for forgiveness from God/ repent. ii. One should go to a secret/quiet place.
ix. Holy Communion unites Christians in the church. iii. A Christian should be specific/precise when praying.
x. The celebration of the Holy Communion demonstrates obedience to the iv. One should have faith/pray expectantly.
command of Jesus. v. One should be persistent in prayer.
2018 3 a) With reference to the story of the rich man and Lazarus, explain vi. One should praise/adore God when praying.
the teaching of Jesus on the proper use of wealth (Luke 16: 19-31). - 7 marks vii. One should confess his/her sins.
i. Jesus taught that wealth should be used to alleviate the suffering of viii. One should forgive others when praying.
others/help the needy. ix. One should ask for his/her needs in prayer.
ii. Wealth should be used to spread the good news. x. A Christian should approach God with humility.
iii. Wealth should be used to serve others/glorify God. xi. One should pray for God’s will to be done.
iv. Wealth should not be used to buy unnecessary materials for luxuries when 2019 3 b) Describe the incident in which Jesus healed ten lepers. (Luke
others are suffering. 17:11-19). - 6 marks
v. Proper use of wealth enables one to be rewarded in heaven. Wealth should i. Jesus was on his way to Jerusalem.
not be used to oppress/humiliate the poor. ii. He met ten men who were suffering from leprosy.
vi. Too much trust in wealth can prevent someone from having eternal iii. The men stood at a distance/shouted at Jesus to have mercy on them.
life/entering the kingdom of God. iv. Jesus told them to go and show themselves to the priests.
vii. Wealth is a gift/blessing from God/Christians are custodians of wealth. v. As they went, they were healed/cleansed.
viii. Wealth is temporary/not permanent. vi. One of them, a Samaritan came back praising God/ thanked Jesus.
2018 3 b) Outline six signs of the end times as taught by Jesus in Luke 21: 5- vii. Jesus asked where the other nine were/wondered at the fact that only a
38. - 6 marks foreigner returned to praise God.
i. Strange things will happen to the celestial bodies/sun/moon/star. viii. Jesus asked the man to rise/go his way for his faith had made him well.
ii. People will come claiming to be the Messiah.

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2019 3 c) Identify seven ways in which Christians demonstrate their faith in vii. Jesus was taken back to Pilate/Pilate said that he had not found Jesus
God. - 7 marks guilty.
i. Christians pray to God/pronounce blessings in the name of God. viii. Pilate had Jesus flogged/beaten.
ii. They give offerings/tithes in church. ix. The crowd shouted that Jesus should be crucified/demanded for the
iii. They confess/repent their sins/forgive others. release of Barabbas.
iv. By building places of worship for God. x. Pilate surrendered Jesus to be crucified.
v. They undergo baptism/partake of the Holy Communion. 2020 3 c) Give seven lessons Christians learn from the suffering and death
vi. By visiting places perceived to be Holy/sacred. of Jesus. - 7 marks
vii. By obeying the teachings of Christ/commandments/reading the word i. Christians should have faith in God.
of God. ii. They should be courageous/brave.
viii. Caring for God’s creation / helping the needy iii. They should endure suffering/be ready to be rejected.
ix. Composing/singing songs to God. iv. They should be prayerful/pray for others.
x. Dedicating their lives/time to serve God in various positions/ preaching v. They should forgive their enemies/others.
the go vi. Christians should sacrifice for the service of others.
2020 3 a) Describe the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. (Luke 19: vii. Christians should confess/repent from sin.
28-40) - 6 marks viii. They should be obedient/loyal to God.
i. Jesus was passing through Bethpage /Bethany/and the mountain of ix. Christians should practice justice /be fair.
Olives. x. They should witness/surrender to the lordship of Christ.
ii. He sent two of his disciples to get him a colt that had not been sat on.
iii. He told them that if the owner of the colt asked them why they were 2021 The incident in which Jesus went to Mont Olives to pray (Luke 22:39-53)
untying it they were to say that the Lord needed it. (7mks).
iv. The disciples went and brought the colt/they threw their garments on  Jesus went with his disciples to Mount Olives to pray
it/set Jesus upon it.  He told the disciples to pray that they many not enter into temptations
v. As Jesus rode on, the people spread their garments on the road.  Jesus moved a distance away from them
vi. The multitude began to rejoice/praise God for the mighty works they  He knelt down and prayed to God to take away the cup of suffering/his will
had seen/blessed is the king who comes in the name of the lord. be done.
vii. Some Pharisees told Jesus to silence the disciples.  He rose from prayer/went to the disciples whom he found sleeping
viii. Jesus told them that if the disciples were to be quiet, then the stones  He asked the disciples why they slept/awoke them to pray
would cry out.  While he was still speaking a crowd of people came led by one of his
2020 3 b) Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was disciples/ Judas Iscariot who drew near to kiss Jesus.
arrested up to when he was sentenced to death. - 7 marks  A disciple of Jesus struck off the ear of one of the soldiers/
i. Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest.  Jesus restored the Mans’ ear/stopped the violence
ii. Peter denied Jesus three times.
 Jesus asked the chief priests why they had come to arrest him as if he was a
iii. Jesus was mocked/beaten/blind folded.
criminal/told them that it was their hour of darkness.
iv. Jesus was taken to the Sanhedrin/they made religious accusations
2021 (b) Events that took place from the time Jesus died on the cross up to the
against him.
time he was buried (Luke 23:44-56). (8mks).
v. Jesus was taken to Pilate/they made political accusations against him.
i. When Jesus died, the curtain of the temple was torn into two
vi. He was sent to Herod who questioned/ridiculed him.
ii. There was darkness over the whole land
iii. Jesus cried with a loud voice/breathed his last.

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 iv. A centurion who saw what had happened praised God/that Jesus was ix. Generosity.
an innocent man x. Patience.
v. The multitude who witnessed the death of Jesus beat their breasts as xi. Hard work. (7 x1) =7marks.
they returned hoe 2022 (b) Give seven reasons why Jesus Christ celebrated the Last Supper with
vi. The women who had followed Jesus from Galilee stood at a distance his disciples. (7marks)
vii. Joseph of Arimathea went to Pilate to ask of the body of Jesus i. Jesus wanted to prepare his disciples for his death and resurrection.
viii. Joseph took the body /wrapped it in a linen shroud ii. Jesus wanted to appoint/ identify Peter as the leader of the disciples.
ix. He laid the body in a rock-hewn tomb iii. Eating together was a way of uniting the disciples.
x. The women from Galilee went to the tomb to view how the body had iv. He wanted to tell them that one of them would betray him.
been buried v. The last supper was a way of celebrating Passover feast/ he gave the
xi. They went to prepare spices/ointment Passover a new meaning/ instituted the new covenant.
vi. It symbolized the heavenly banquet that would be shared by God's
2021(c) State the importance of the death of Jesus Christ to Christians (6mks). people. - He wanted to bestow authority to the disciples.
i. Through the death of Jesus, Christians are forgiven their sins vii. He wanted to warn/ prepare his disciples for the coming persecution
ii. Jesus is the final sacrifice for sins/Christians are not supposed to make animal after his death.
sacrifices to God viii. He wanted to advice his disciples to serve with humility.
iii. The death of Jesus is the greatest act that demonstrates God’s love for ix. He wanted to warn Peter that he would deny him.
human beings
iv. Through the death of Jesus Christians have a personal/direct relationship with 2022 (c) State six virtues that Christians acquire during the celebration of the
God Holy Communion. (6 marks)
v. Through his death, salvation/eternal life is availed to all people/ life after i. Faithfulness/ honesty.
death. ii. Humility.
vi. The death of Jesus enable Christians to face persecution/death with iii. Courage.
courage/suffer for God’s sake iv. Compassion.
vii. Through the death of Jesus, Christian’s are encouraged to surrender to God’s v. Thankfulness.
will vi. Co-operation/unity.
viii. Through his death, Jesus has become mediator/everlasting high priest for vii. Obedience.
Christians. viii. Joy/happiness.
ix. Through his death, the new covenant was established ix. Respect.
2022. (a) Identify seven virtues a Christian can acquire from the parable of the x. Holiness/righteousness/ purity
pounds. (7 marks) xi. Love.
i. Responsibility/ commitment/ dedication. xii. Sharing. (6x1=6 marks).
ii. Obedience.
iii. Honesty.
iv. Courage/ bravery.
v. Loyalty.
vi. Faithfulness/ trustworthy.
vii. Justice/ fairness.
viii. Co-operation.

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 QUESTION NUMBER: 4 viii. Women run income generating projects and other projects for the
church.
ix. Women sing in church choir.
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL x. They organize seminars and workshops in the church.
xi. They provide g u i d in g and counseling to members.
xii. They are leaders in the church.
2006 4 a) Identify the spiritual gifts taught by Saint Paul in early church - 6 xiii. Women give tithes and offering to the church.
marks 2007 4 a) Describe the healing of the Gerasene demoniac in Luke 8:26-39. -
i. Gift of wisdom 8 marks
ii. Gift of knowledge  Jesus and the disciples arrived at the land of Gerasene.
iii. Gift of faith  They met a man who was demon possessed and lived among tombs
iv. Gift of performing miracles.  The man fell down and told Jesus not to torment him
v. Gift of speaking in tongues.  This is because Jesus had commanded the unclean Spirit out of the man
vi. Gift of interpreting tongues.  Jesus asked the man his name. The man replied that his name legion which
vii. Gift of distinguishing spirits meant many demons
viii. Gift of healing.  The demons begged Jesus not to let them go in to the abyss but in nearby
ix. Gift of prophecy (6x1=6 marks) swine.
2006 4 b) Explain how the use of the Holy Spirit brought disunity in the  Jesus commanded the demons to go into the swine
church at Corinth - 8 marks  The swine rushed and drowned in a nearby lake
i. The people who had the gift of speaking in tongues despised those without.  The herdsmen then fled and went to tell people in the city concerning what
ii. There was competition in speaking in tongues had happened.
iii. There was no interpretation of tongues hence messages were not  People came and found the man sitting at the feet of Jesus, healed dressed
understood and in his right mind.
iv. People did not show love to one another as they used the gifts of the Holy  The people got afraid of Jesus and asked him to leave their territory
Spirit.  The healed man asked Jesus whether he could accompany him.
v. There was disorder and confusion in worship as people with different gifts  Jesus told him to go and tell others what God had done for him.
tried to outdo one another  The man went through the town proclaiming the good news about Jesus.
vi. People did not use their gifts for the growth and development of the church (8x1=8 marks)
vii. Gifts such as prophecy and knowledge were looked down upon 2007 4 b) State ways in which the Holy Spirit was manifested on the day of
viii. Those with the gifts displayed pride and were boastful. (4x2=8 marks) Pentecost. - 6 marks
2006 4 c) Outline the contribution of women in the church in Kenya today. i. Through a sound from heaven.
- 6 marks ii. Through a mighty rushing wind
i. Women engage in preaching the gospel. iii. As tongues of fire resting on heads of disciples.
ii. They clean and decorate the church. iv. By Peter becoming courageous to speak.
iii. Women take care of young children in the church. v. By many people being convicted of their sins.
iv. They contribute money, clothes and food to the less fortunate/needy. vi. By many people repenting their sins and being baptized. (3x2=6 marks)
v. They prepare meals for church leaders and visitors.
vi. They prepare the Holy Communion.
vii. They act as ushers in the church.

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2007 4 c) How are the gifts of the Holy Spirit misused in the church today? - vi. Bad branches that are pruned are Christians who lack faith in God; they
6 marks will be rejected by God on the Day of Judgment (cut down).
i. Some people demand for payment in exchange for prayers, miracle vii. The good fruits (faith, love, patience, generosity among others) the
and other services. results of good deeds performed by the faithful followers of Christ
ii. Some people pretend to be filled with the Holy Spirit. viii. Faithful Christians are united in Christ through prayer.
iii. Too much emphasis is put on speaking in tongues at the expense of ix. Prayers of faithful Christians are always answered because they live in
other gifts in some churches. union with Christ
iv. Some with gifts of the Holy Spirit are proud or arrogant. x. Love is passed on to Christians from God through Christ
v. Speaking in tongues in church without an interpreter causes xi. Christians should support and help each other in times of need. (4x2=8
misunderstanding. marks)]
vi. People misinterpret the Bible while claiming to be under the influence 2008 4 c) Give seven ways in which Christians prevent divisions in the
of the Holy Spirit. church in Kenya today. - 7 marks
vii. In other cases, some cause divisions in the church while claiming to be i. Treat each other with love
under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. ii. Avoid discrimination in the church.
viii. Some use the gifts for self-glorification. iii. Preach the word of God to believers on unity
ix. Some people use the gifts to intimidate others. (6x1=6 marks) iv. Openly discuss issues affecting the church.
2008 4 a) Identify the fruit of the Holy spirit taught by Saint Paul in v. Pray for the problems affecting the church.
Galatians 5: 22-23. - 5 marks vi. Repent and ask for forgiveness whenever they go wrong.
i. Love vii. Following the church doctrines and educating members on church procedures
ii. Joy viii. Practice humility and avoid arrogance in church.
iii. Peace ix. Have a transparent and accountable leadership style
iv. Kindness x. Ensuring that resources are well utilized
v. Goodness xi. Offering guidance and counseling to members. (7x1=7 marks)
vi. Self-control 2009 4 a) Give seven reasons why Jesus sent the Holy Spirit to the disciples
vii. Gentleness after his ascension - 7 marks
viii. Patience i. The Holy Spirit would be an advocate of the disciples.
ix. Faithfulness (5x1=5 marks) ii. The Holy Spirit would be a counselor.
2008 4 b) Explain what the teaching of Jesus about the vine and the iii. He would comfort disciples.
branches in John 15:1-10 reveal about the unity of believers. - 8 marks iv. He would remind and introduce disciples to the deeper meaning of Jesus'
i. God is the vine dresser or gardener who does the pruning and watering words and teaching.
of the plant. He is the one who plants the true vine. v. He would reveal the truth about God.
ii. Jesus is the true vine who links Christians with God so that they can vi. The Holy Spirit would reveal the Glory of Jesus death as a victory over the
bear good fruits. prince of evil; Satan.
iii. Followers of Christ (Christians) are the branches. vii. He would give disciples the power to discern the secret hearts of sinful
iv. Christians (the branches) must depend on Jesus and God for Spiritual people/ convict people of their sins.
nourishment and growth. viii. The Holy Spirit would encourage the Disciples to withstand persecution
v. Good branches are faithful Christians who obey God's commandment ix. He would continue with Jesus' work of forgiving sins.
and are associated with good deeds. x. He would help disciples to become His witnesses in Jerusalem, Judea and to
the ends of the earth

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 xi. He would help the disciples understand Jesus' relationship with God and vi. They act as a royal priesthood by performing priestly tasks such as
their Spiritual union.(7x1=7 marks) conducting church services and preaching.
2009 4 b) Identify four teachings of Saint Paul on the similarities between vii. They are called from darkness to light
the church and husband – wife relationship (Ephesians 5: 21- 32). - 8 marks viii. They were once outside the covenant way of life
i. Jesus is the head of the Church just as a husband is the head of the wife ix. Christians love another and live according to the teachings of Jesus
ii. Christians are united with Christ just as a husband and wife are united in Christ
marriage x. Christians are ambassadors of Christ in spreading good news and are
iii. The Church has to submit to Christ the same way a wife submits and ready to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the kingdom of God
respects the husband. xi. Christians practice justice, love and perseverance in seeking eternal
iv. The relationship between Christ and the Church is like the true sacrificial live They are led by the mercies of God. (5x2=10 marks)
love that should exist between a husband and wife. 2010 4 b) Give six ways through which Christians can promote unity among
v. The relationship between the Christ and the church is inseparable/ themselves in Kenya today. - 6 marks
permanent just as marriage. i. Christians should hold joint or interdenominational prayers.
vi. The church is subordinate to Christ, the head as a wife is subordinate to the ii. Christians take a joint stand against injustices in the society.
husband iii. They should work together to promote educational programs in the
vii. Just as a husband and wife becomes one flesh, so Christians are supposed to country.
be united to Christ. iv. They should speak with one voice on matters of political life of the nation .
viii. Jesus Christ nourishes the church; husbands should care for their wives. v. Christians should join together in the training of the clergy from different
(4x2=8 marks denominations.
2009 4 c) State five ways in which Christians are able to identify those who vi. They need to provide loans and support to the poor irrespective of
possess the gifts of the holy spirit - 5 marks denominational affiliations.
i. Those with the gift of the Holy Spirit confess Jesus as Lord and savior vii. Christian churches should employ Christians from different denominations.
ii. They teach about Jesus Christ or Christian doctrine. viii. Christian communities should unite in provision of medical services.
iii. Their lives manifest the fruit of the Holy Spirit such as love, peace joy, ix. Christians need to respect one another's doctrinal positions. (6x1=6 marks)
kindness and patience. 2010 4 c) State how kindness as a fruit of the Holy Spirit is abused in the
iv. Their behaviour does not contradict the teachings of Jesus Christ/ they are Church in Kenya today. - 4 marks
role models. i. By church leaders starting many projects in the church, expecting the
v. Such persons do not use the gifts of the Holy Spirit for selfish gain or to congregation to provide finances
enrich themselves. ii. Some Christians fail to work because they expect assistance from
vi. They glorify God after performing miracles. (5x1= 5marks) others.
2010 4 a) Explain the teaching of Peter concerning the people of God (l iii. Some Christians over-depend on other people's assistance to sol their
Peter2:9-1O). - 10 marks problems.
i. Christians are the chosen people of God. iv. Some Church leaders demand for payment for all the services they
ii. They are a holy nation since they are expected to lead righteous lives render including prayers.
iii. They are appointed to speak about the wonderful deeds of God v. Some Christians fail to return borrowed money.
iv. Christians are united by Christ through baptism vi. Church leaders ask the congregation to cater for their personal needs
v. Christians share in the resurrection of Christ by giving up all evil i.e. further studies and buying of vehicles.
practices of the world. vii. Some Christians fail to work because they expect assistance from
others.

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 2011 4 a) Explain how Peter's life was transformed on the day of Pentecost iii. The body has different organs in the same way the church has different
(Acts 4:2:1-40). - 8 marks members.
i. Peter was filled with the Holy Spirit. iv. Every Christian becomes a member of the body of Christ through
ii. He started speaking in tongues. baptism
iii. He became courageous and defended the disciples that they were not v. Parts of the body perform different functions. Similarly Christians have
drunk. different gifts of the Holy Spirits for service to the Church.
iv. He began to witness the life, death and resurrection of Jesus. vi. Christians are united in Christ by faith and play an important role in
v. He called people to repentance. building the church.
vi. He was empowered to perform miracles. vii. Christians should love each other as they all belong to one body.
vii. He preached the word of God. viii. All part s of the body are interdependent. One part cannot function
viii. He was able to remember the Old Testament scriptures. without the other.
ix. He gained wisdom and advised people on what to do. ix. There should be no division in the church since all believers are
2011 4 b) Outline Saint Paul's teaching on how the gifts of the Holy Spirit members of the body of Christ. (4x2=8 marks)
should be used in the church. - 5 marks 2012 4 b) State six reasons why the use of the gifts of the Holy Spirit
i. The gifts should be used for the common good of all brought disunity in the church at Corinth. - 6 marks
ii. They should be used to strengthen and encourage members i. There was competition in speaking in tongues
iii. They should be used to bring unity among members ii. People did not use their gifts for benefits of the church or one another.
iv. The gifts should be used in an orderly manner to avoid confusion. iii. There was no interpretation of tongues when the gift of speaking in tongues
v. The gifts should be used in love was in use, hence messages were misunderstood.
vi. The gift of speaking in tongues should be minimized in public. iv. Some gifts such as prophecy and knowledge were looked d o w n upon.
vii. There is a need to have interpretation of tongues for them to be meaningful. v. Those with the gift of speaking in tongues despised those who did not have
viii. Prophecies should be carefully evaluated vi. There was disorder in worship as people with different gifts tried compete
2011 4 c) State seven reasons why some Christians find it difficult to help vii. People did not show love to one another. (6x1=6 marks)
the sick. - 7 marks 2012 4 c) In what ways do the Christians in Kenya demonstrate the New
i. Some Christians lack the gift of healing Testament teaching on unity? - 6 marks
ii. They are afraid of being infected i. Christians meet for prayers and fellowship.
iii. Because of denominational barriers ii. They observe a day of worship to honour God.
iv. They lack knowledge and skills of handling the sick iii. They share the Holy Communion
v. They have no time for the sick iv. They preach the gospel to anybody without discrimination
vi. Poverty makes them have inadequate resources to share v. They help those who are poor and needy
vii. Lack of love for the sick vi. They solve problems affecting church members
viii. It is difficult for Christians to determine those who are genuinely sick vii. They address the media together on current issues such as constitutional
ix. Due to ethnic or tribal affiliations reforms
x. Because of social differences and educational background. (6x1=6 viii. They also co-operate by providing Christian programs in the mass media
marks) ix. They speak in one voice to condemn evil and divisive politics in the society
2012 4 a) Explain how the unity of believers is expressed in the image of x. They hold joint crusades or rallies. (6x1=6 marks)
the body of Christ. - 8 marks 2013 4 a) Identify the gifts of the Holy Spirit according to Saint Paul. (1
i. In this unity, Jesus Christ is the head of the Body. Corinthians 12: 7-11) - 8 marks
ii. Christians form part of the body of Christ. i. Gift of wisdom

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 ii. Gift of knowledge vi. It does not insist in its own
iii. Gift of faith vii. It is not irritable or resentful
iv. Gift of healing. viii. It does not keep a record of wrongs / does not rejoice at the wrong
v. Gift of prophecy. ix. It hopes all things.
vi. Gift of working miracles. x. It trusts all things.
vii. Gift of speaking in tongues. xi. It never ends.
viii. Gift of interpreting tongues. xii. It is the greatest gift.
ix. Gift of distinguishing spirits (8x = 8 marks) xiii. It bears all things.
2013 4 b) How was the life of Peter transformed on the day of Pentecost? - xiv. It perseveres / endures all things. (7xl=7marks
6 marks 2014 4 b) Give five examples of relationships based on false love in Kenya
i. He was filled with the power of the Holy Spirit. today. - 5 marks
ii. He spoke in tongues. i. A relationship which is based on lust or sexual satisfaction
iii. He defended the apostles that they were not drunk ii. A relationship which discriminates against race, education, gender or religion
iv. He preached the word of God. iii. A relationship which starts when one is in trouble.
v. Peter became courageous. iv. A relationship which ends when one is in trouble.
vi. He preached the word of God. v. A relationship which is based on taking advantage of a partner
vii. He was able to remember the Old Testament scriptures. vi. A relationship which is over possessive or overprotective
viii. He gained wisdom and advised people on what to do. (6x1= 6 marks) vii. A relationship based on physical attraction only
2013 4 c) Explain six ways in which the gifts of the Holy Spirit are abused in 2014 4 c) Explain the role of the Holy Spirit in the Church today. - 7 marks
the church today. ( 6 marks). i. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to make wise decisions
i. Some people pretend that they have a certain gift of the Holy Spirit ii. The Holy Spirit enables believers to do works of mercy or kindness
ii. By asking for payment before healing the sick iii. He gives them power to perform miracles.
iii. Christians misuse the gift of prophecy by giving wrong in formation iv. He strengthens the faith of Christians
iv. Some Christians who possess the gift of the Holy Spirit develop pride and v. The Holy Spirit convicts people for their sins.
arrogance vi. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to do prophesy.
v. Speaking in tongues during worship leads to disorder and confusion if the vii. He enables Christians to preach the word of God.
tongues are not interpreted. viii. He enables Christians to speak in tongues.
vi. Some use gifts to bring division in the church. ix. He enables Christians to distinguish between different spirits.
vii. Some Christians fail to utilize their gifts for the glory of God. x. He enables Christians to worship God, for instance, through prayer and
viii. Those with the gift of speaking in tongues look down upon those with other songs.
gifts. xi. He enables Christians to know Christ. (7xl=7marks)
ix. Some Christians fail to utilize their gifts for the glory of God. (6x1= 6marks) 2015 4 a) Describe the events that took place on the day of Pentecost.
2014 4 a) Outline Saint Paul's teachings on love. (1 Corinthians 13). - 8 (Acts 2: 1-41) - 8 marks
marks i. The apostles had gathered in one place on the day of Pentecost.
i. Love is patient ii. A sound came from heaven like that of a mighty wind and filled the
ii. Love is kind house.
iii. Love is not jealous or envious iii. There appeared tongues of fire which rested on heads of each disciple.
iv. Love is not boastful. iv. The apostles were filled with the Holy Spirit.
v. Love is not rude or arrogant. v. They started speaking in tongues.

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 vi. The multitude in Jerusalem was amazed at what was happening to the iii. The believers form parts of the body.
apostles. iv. The body has different organs. In the same way the Church has
vii. The multitude mocked the disciples of being drunk. different members
viii. Peter defended the disciples by saying that they were not drunk since v. They all need to work together for the well-being of the church.
it was the third hour of the day. That what was happening was a vi. Every part of the body is needed to make it whole / all parts are
fulfillment of Joel's prophecy. interdependent/ one part cannot be without the other.
ix. Peter preached to disciples about the ministry of Jesus. vii. The different church members are given different spiritual gifts by the
x. People asked Peter what they could do with the message. Holy Spirit to carry out God's work.
xi. Peter told them to repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus. viii. Believers are united through baptism in the Holy Spirit
xii. Three thousand people repented and were baptized. (7x1=7 marks) 2016 4 b) Give six reasons why the use of the gifts of the Holy Spirit
2015 4 b) In what ways can Christians identify those who are led by the brought disunity in the church at Corinth. - 6 marks
Holy Spirit among themselves? - 5 marks i. The people who had the gifts of speaking in tongues despised those
i. By listening to confessions of Christians, they should confess Jesus as who did not
Lord and saviour. ii. There was competition in speaking in tongues
ii. By analyzing the kind of doctrine they preach or teach, It should be iii. There was no interpretation of tongues hence messages were not
centered on Jesus Christ. understood
iii. By examining the lives of fellow Christians, whether they possess the iv. People did not show love to one another as they used the gifts of the
fruits of the Holy Spirit. Holy
iv. When a believer does not use the gifts of the Holy Spirit for selfish gain v. There was disorder/ confusion in worship as people with different gifts
or motive. tried to outdo one another
v. When a Christian gives glory to God after performing a miracle. vi. People did not use their gifts for the growth/ development of the
vi. When Christians lead people to Christ. church
vii. By observing their way of life and behavior, it should not be led by the vii. Gifts such as prophecy/ teaching/ preaching were looked down upon
flesh. (5x1=5 marks) 2016 4 c) State ways in which Christians in Kenya demonstrate the New
2015 4 c) How are the gifts of Holy Spirit manifested in the Church today? - Testament teaching on unity - 6 marks
7 marks i. Christians meet for prayers/fellowship together.
i. Through prayers ii. They observe a day of worship to honour God.
ii. By the unity of believers. iii. They share the Holy Communion/ meals.
iii. Through wise decisions made in church. iv. They help those who are poor/needy
iv. There is faith healing and casting out of demons in the church. v. They solve problems affecting the Church members
v. By Christians helping the poor. vi. They hold joint crusades/ rallies
vi. Christians receive revelations of the word of God from preachers. vii. They also cooperate by providing Christian programmes in the
vii. They speak in tongues. mass media/ resource materials.
viii. Through repentance and confession of sins. viii. They speak in one voice to condemn evil in society
ix. Through singing and composing Christian songs. (7x1=7 marks
2016 4 a) Describe how the unity of believers is expressed in the body of 2017 4 a) Identify five ways in which the work of the Holy Spirit was
Christ. - 8 marks manifested on the day of Pentecost. - 5 marks
i. St. Paul describes the believers as the body of Christ i. The disciples spoke in tongues/different languages
ii. Christ is the head of the church ii. The Holy Spirit empowered Peter to preach to the crowd.

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 iii. The Holy Spirit reminded Peter of the Old Testament prophecies/ v. Love is not se1f-seeking does not insist on its own way.
teachings. vi. Love is not irritable/resentful.
iv. The Holy Spirit gave Peter courage to defend the disciples of not being vii. It does not rejoice in wrong/rejoices in the right.
drunk. viii. Love bears all things.
v. The Holy Spirit convicted the multitude of their sin. ix. Love endures/perseveres.
vi. The Holy Spirit enabled three thousand souls to be converted/come to x. Love believes/trusts all things.
Christ. xi. Love never ends/it is eternal.
2017 4 b) Outline the role played by the youth in the church today. - 7 xii. It is the greatest gift.
marks 2018 4 b) Explain the unity of believers as expressed in the concept of the
i. The youth lead in praise and worship. church (Ephesians 5: 21-32). - 5 marks
ii. They participate in choir/play instruments. i. Paul used the symbol of marriage to show the unity of believers.
iii. They clean/decorate the church. ii. Christians are united to Christ just as a husband is united to his wife.
iv. They pray/intercede for the body of Christ. iii. Christ loves the church just as the husband loves the wife.
v. They preach/teach the word of God/involved in missions. iv. The church has to submit to Christ just as the wife submits to her
vi. They guide and counsel members. husband.
vii. They participate in ushering/collecting offerings. v. Christ is the head of the church just as the husband is the head of the wife.
viii. They participate in church projects/activities/contribute financially. vi. Just as a husband loves his own body/nourishes it, so Christ loves the
ix. They read the Bible in Church. church/nourishes it.

2017 4 c) State eight challenges that hinder the church from carrying out its 2018 4 c) Identify seven factors that hinder effective cooperation among
mission effectively in Kenya today. - 8 marks Christians in Kenya today. - 7 marks
i. The church does not have adequate finances to carry out the mission. i. Greed for power/leadership wrangles.
ii. There are few members who are committed/dedicated to the work. ii. Competition to win more converts/members.
iii. Some church leaders lack knowledge in the scriptures iii. Materialism/desire to have more.
iv. Some church leaders have poor leadership skills. Interference from iv. Discrimination based on gender/tribe/education/race /social
other religions/non-believers. status/disability.
v. There are doctrinal differences among the denominations. v. Political interference.
vi. Due to selfishness/ greed for power/wealth. vi. Different interpretation of the Bible/doctrinal/denominational
vii. Negative influence from mass media. differences.
viii. Political interference in their work/instability. vii. Emergence of cults/idol worship.
ix. Poor infrastructure/insecurity/language barrier. viii. Lack of equity in resources/funds.
x. Due to all forms of discrimination/tribalism/ racism/gender/disability/ ix. Poor infrastructure/language barrier/poor transport/communication
social status. facilities.
st
2018 4 a) Identify eight characteristics of love as taught by Saint Paul in I x. Lack of money/inadequate funds.
Corinthians 13. - 8 marks 2019 4 a) State the teaching of Saint Paul on the proper use of the gifts of
i. Love is patient the Holy Spirit in the church. - 7 marks
ii. It is kind. i. The gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used for the common good of all.
iii. It is not Jealous/boastful. ii. They should be used to edify/strengthen/encourage/comfort
iv. Love is not arrogant/rude. members.

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 iii. They should be used to bring unity/not to discriminate/divide 2020 4 a) Outline what Peter said about Jesus on the day of Pentecost. - 6
members. marks
iv. There is need to respect/appreciate all the gifts. i. Jesus had sent the Holy Spirit as a fulfillment of Joel’s prophecy.
v. The gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used in love. ii. Jesus was the son of God.
vi. The gift of speaking in tongues should be minimized in public worship. iii. Jesus performed mighty wonders/deeds through the power of God.
vii. The gifts should be used in an orderly manner/should not be used to iv. Jesus death was the will of God.
bring confusion in the church. v. God had raised him from death.
viii. Prophecies should be carefully evaluated/their ways. vi. He has been exalted in heaven/seated at the right hand of God.
2019 4 b) Explain how the unity of believers is expressed in the image of vii. Jesus is Lord/Christ/Messiah
the bride. - 5 marks viii. Jesus was a descendant of David.
i. Christians are the bride ix. Jesus was from Nazareth.
ii. Jesus is the bridegroom. x. Jesus was killed by lawlessness/crucified
iii. Christians/church are to be committed to Christ as the bride is committed to 2020 4 b) Explain how the unity of believers is expressed in the concept of
the bridegroom. the vine and the branches. - 8 marks
iv. The church is loved by Christ just as the bridegroom loves his bride. i. God was the vinedresser/gardener
v. The Church must remain pure/holy through love/faith in Jesus as the bride ii. Jesus is the true vine
keeps her purity for her husband. iii. Christians/followers are the branches.
vi. The committed Christians will be taken to a new home/heaven just as the iv. Christians are related to God through Jesus.
bride is taken home by her husband. v. he unfaithful Christians are like unfruitful branches which are destroyed.
vii. The union between Christ and the church will be everlasting just as the vi. The faithful Christians are like fruitful branches that are pruned so as to
union between the bride and the bridegroom is permanent. produce more fruits.
2019 4 c) Outline the role of the Holy Spirit in the Church today. - 8 marks vii. Just like the branch, Christians can only bear fruit if they remain in Christ for
i. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to make the right decisions/ gives spiritual nourishment.
wisdom/counsel. Through Jesus all Christians are united.
ii. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to worship God/pray/sing. Christians are called to rely on Jesus for providence/God’s love is passed to
iii. He gives believers deep understanding/revelation of God. them through Jesus Christ.
iv. He unites believers as one body of Christ. Christians are called to obey Gods command/remain faithful to bear more fruit
v. He helps individuals to know who Jesus Christ is/aspire to live Christ /be productive.
like lives. 2020 4 c) Give six reasons why Christians in Kenya should work in unity - 6
vi. The Holy Spirit convicts people of their sins/leads them to marks
confess/repent. i. Christians should work in unity to serve as role models/be examples to
vii. He strengthens the faith of Christians. be emulated.
viii. The Holy Spirit enables believers to do works of mercy/charity/ ii. In order to promote oneness in Christ.
kindness. iii. In order to realize effective ministry/evangelism.
ix. He gives them power to perform miracles. iv. So that they can have a common stand in dealing with issues that
x. He enables believers to distinguish/different ate between spirits. affect the society/promote development.
xi. He enables Christians to speak/interpret tongues. v. To share the scarce resources/minimize expenses.
xii. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to prophesy/preach the word of vi. In order to adapt a common attitude toward the integration of African
God/leads to the growth of the church. culture and worship.

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 vii. To prevent the determination of splinter groups/sects. 2021 (c) Ways in which Christians can prevent division in the Church in Kenya
viii. So as to emulate the unity of the early church/the trinity today (8mks)
2021 (a) The teachings of Saint Paul on how the gifts of the Holy Spirit were to i. Christians should follow the church doctrines/constitutions /church manuals/
be used in the Church at Corinth. (7mks). educate the members on church procedures.
i. Saint Paul taught that not more than two/three should speak in tongues in a ii. Christians should be humble/avoid being arrogant/proud
meeting at the same time/minimize in public worship. iii. They should repent/ask for forgiveness when wrong/accept their
ii. He taught that those who speak in tongues should do so one after the other mistakes/correction
iii. Saint Paul taught that there should be an interpreter of tongues/someone to iv. By church leaders being transparent with financial reports/avail them in time/
explain the message to the congregation ensures resources are well utilized.
iv. He taught that if there is no interpreter of the tongues, those with the gift v. By praying for one another/for issues affecting the church/ praying together.
should refrain from speaking vi. By preaching/teaching God’s word/Bible truth to believers
v. Paul taught that only two/three prophets should speak in a meeting vii. By openly discussing the issues affecting the church/respecting opinions of
vi. There is need to respect all the gifts other/preaching tolerance.
vii. He taught that other believers should listen to the prophecies and assess viii. Christians being sensitive to the needs of the less fortunate members/
what is being said/weight the message. assisting them.
viii. The gifts of the Holy spirit should be used in an orderly manner ix. By avoiding discrimination/segregation based on social statues/tribe/treat
ix. The gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used for each other with love.
encouragement/instructions/edification. x. By guiding and counseling members
x. Gifts of the Holy spirit should be used for the common good of all xi. Avoid greed for power/materials things
xi. Gifts of the Holy spirit should be used in love. xii. By practicing transparent leadership styles.
2022 (a) Outline the activities that took place on the day of Pentecost.
2021 (b) The teachings of Saint Paul about the unity of believers as illustrated (8 marks)
in the relationship of husband and wife ( Ephesians 5:21-32) (5mks). i. The disciples had gathered in one place/ in a house in Jerusalem.
i. Saint Paul taught that just like the husband is the head of the family, Christ is ii. A sound came from heaven like the rush of a mighty wind that filled
the head of the Church. the house they were in.
ii. He taught that Christians should submit to Christ in the same manner a wife iii. Tongues of fire appeared to them/ rested upon each of them
submits to the husband iv. The disciples were filled with the Holy Spirit.
iii. Paul taught that just as Christ sacrificially loves the church husband are v. The disciples began to speak in tongues/other languages.
supposed to love their wives. vi. The multitude came together/were amazed that they could hear the
iv. Members of the church should live together in unity like husband and wife. disciples speaking in native languages.
v. The relationship between husband and wife is meant to be permanent/ vii. Some people mocked/ claimed that the disciples were drunk.
believers in the same manner are expected to maintain a steadfast viii. Peter defended the disciples/ explained that they were not drunk/
relationship with Christ forever. were filled with the Holy Spirit in fulfillment of Joel's prophecy.
vi. Just as husband and wife become one flesh, believers are expected to be ix. Peter preached about the life, death and resurrection of Jesus/
united/cling to Christ. ministry of Jesus.
vii. Just as Christ has sanctified/cleansed/ cares for is Church, in the same manner x. People became remorseful/ asked Peter what they could do.
husbands should care for their wives. xi. Peter told them to repent/be baptized/ save themselves from crooked
generation.
xii. About three thousand people were saved/ baptized.

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 QUESTION NUMBER: 5
2022 (b) List six gifts of the Holy Spirit. (6mks)
i. The gift of wisdom.
ii. The gift of knowledge. KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL
iii. The gift of Faith.
iv. The gift of healing.
v. The gift of working miracles.
vi. The gift of prophecy/ Preaching. 2006 5 a) What are the advantages of a monogamous marriage? - 8 marks
vii. The gift of distinguishing between spirits/ discernment of spirits. i. It enhances intimacy in the family
viii. The gift of speaking in tongues. ii. It upholds the dignity of the family.
ix. The gift of interpreting tongues. iii. Security is enhanced
iv. Love is not divided in the family.
2022 (c) State the importance of prayer in the life of a Christian. (6 v. It eases wrangles on property ownership and inheritance.
marks) vi. It is a covenant protected by God.
i. Prayer is a way of communicating/fellowshipping. vii. Law and order prevails in the family leading to harmony and unit y.
ii. Through prayer, Christians thank God for blessings received viii. It reduces the risk of being infected with sexually transmitted
iii. Christians praise/adore God through prayer. infections and HIV/AIDs
iv. Christians have an opportunity to confess/ seek forgiveness through ix. Providing for family needs becomes easier.
prayer. x. It is easier to develop mutual confidence and trust among family
v. Christian ask/ petition God for their needs through prayer. members.
vi. The faith of Christians in God is strengthened through prayer. xi. It reduces delinquency among the children
vii. Prayers promote unity among the believers. xii. The woman takes pride in the marriage. (8x1=8 marks)
viii. Christians use prayer to intercede/ show concern for others. 2006 5 b) State the factors that have led to the misuse of drugs in Kenya
ix. Prayers are made in obedience to the teachings of the Bible/ Jesus. today - 7 marks
x. It is a way of emulating the example set by Jesus/ early church. i. Lack of proper guidance and counseling.
xi. Prayer enables a Christians to overcome temptations/ seeks strength ii. Poor role models.
to overcome temptations. (6 x1=6 marks) iii. Negative peer pressure from those already taking drugs.
iv. Curiosity to experiment on drugs.
v. Availability of cheap drugs.
vi. Stress and frustration sin life.
vii. Ignorance on use of drugs.
viii. Moral decadence in society.
ix. Corruption makes it difficult to implement laws that restrict abuse of
drugs.
x. Irresponsible parenthood leads to poor guidance on drug use.
xi. Negative influence from mass media which advertises and glorify drug and
alcohol abuse.
xii. Idleness which makes many misuse drugs. (7x1=7 marks)

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 2006 5 c) Give reasons why the church is involved in the fight against HIV iii. Barrenness/ inability to bear children.
and AIDS - 5 marks iv. Poverty caused by in ability of them to provide for the family.
i. It is a continuation of Jesus work of healing. v. Lack of faith in God.
ii. The church has a duty to guide and counsel. vi. Poor role models.
iii. The church is responsible for promoting moral values in the Society vii. Denial of conjugal rights.
iv. To cater for the infected and affected members within the church. viii. Lack of guidance and counseling on marriage.
v. To conserve and preserve God's creation. ix. When one of the partners pretended to be good before marriage.
vi. It is the duty of the church to help reduce human suffering.
vii. To promote economic development. 2008 5 a) Explain the factors that contribute to unemployment in Kenya
viii. To promote peace in the family co-existence. (5x1=5 marks) today - 7 marks
2007 5 a) Outline the Christian teachings on marriage. ( 6 marks) i. High population whereby there are too many people for the available job
i. Marriage should be between man and woman. opportunities.
ii. Marriage should be monogamous. ii. Lack of money to start individual businesses.
iii. Marriage should be for companionship. iii. Some people lack skills which make them not to be absorbed in the job
iv. Husband and wife should be faithful to each other. market
v. Conjugal rights should be enjoyed in marriage. iv. Rural - urban migration. Many people are congested in towns where job
vi. Christian marriage is permanent. opportunities are limited.
vii. Marriage was instituted by God. v. Overdependence on foreign aid causes the donors to give conditions
viii. Marriage is meant for procreation. employment leading to few civil servants.
ix. Husband and wife should be faithful to each other. vi. Selfishness and greed. Some Kenyans have more than two jobs, while
x. The husband should love his wife. others have none.
xi. The wife should be submissive to the husband. vii. Education system. Many Kenyans prefer white collar j o b s after school
2007 5 b) How should Christians prepare for marriage? - 8 marks Pray to and because of still competition for available spaces many remain
God for guidance in getting a partner. unemployed.
i. Identify the person to marry. viii. Insecurity/increase in crime discourages local and international investors
ii. Inform the parents or guardians about the person to marry. ix. Negative attitude towards work. Some Kenyans lack the initiative to do/
iii. Propose to the would be spouse. participate in economic activities.
iv. Inform the church leaders about their marriage plans. x. Unequal distribution of wealth - Some regions have more resources that
v. Attend seminars and counseling sessions on marriage create employment than other. (4x2= 8 marks)
vi. Visit the family of the would be spouse to discuss marriage 2008 5 b) Give eight causes of conflict between the employer and
arrangements/get consent. employees in Kenya. - 8 marks
vii. Make arrangement to give dowry. i. Lack of respect between employer and employees.
viii. Arrange with the church on when the marriage can take place. Identify ii. When employees are not given time for leisure.
the marriage witnesses; best couple. iii. Poor working conditions.
ix. Ensure there is availability of finances for the wedding. iv. When employees are not allowed to join trade unions.
2007 5 c) Give reasons why some Christians break their marriage vows? - 6 v. Poor consideration of employee's welfare especially salaries and allowances.
marks vi. Sexual harassment by the employer.
i. Due to unfaithfulness in marriage. vii. Differences in religious affiliations between employer and employees.
ii. Negative pressure from in-laws/friends. viii. Destruction of property by the employee.

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 ix. Divulging of secrets of the employer or organization. 2009 5 c) Identify six ways in which the church is helping to reduce the rate
x. Racial and ethnic differences between employer and employee bring of unemployment in Kenya today - 6 marks
conflicts. i. The church encourages people to start income generating activities
xi. Poor and low remuneration. ii. The church provides loans to the unemployed to start small scale business
xii. Unequal chances of promotion. iii. The church creates job opportunities through establishing church projects.
xiii. Misuse of the employers' property by the employees. (8x1=8 marks) iv. It teaches the youth about the dignity of manual work/encourage the youth
2008 5 c) Discuss the role of a Christian during a strike. - 4 marks to participate in agriculture / technical fields.
i. Not to take part in violent demonstration. v. It organizes seminars for the youth/unemployment on how to utilize their
ii. Encourage the members to find better means of solving the problem. potentials
iii. To inform the authority of any grievances if they are not aware vi. It condemns corrupt practices which interfere with the recruitment/
iv. Report those engaging in violent demonstration to the nearest police economic growth.
station. vii. It encourages its members to pay taxes promptly so that the government
v. Pray for the solution to the problem. (5x1=5 marks) can have the resources to employ/pay the workers
viii. It trains/sponsors the youths on vocational skills that are necessary for
2009 5 a) Outline eight Christians teachings on work - 8 marks employment /self-employment.
i. Work is ordained by God. ix. The church tries to be fair when recruiting in g people for various jobs.
ii. Human beings should work to subdue the earth. (6x1=6 marks)
iii. Work is good because God himself worked. 2010 5 a) State four similarities between the Christian and traditional
iv. God blesses those who work hard. African view on marriage (8 marks).
v. Christians should work to acquire basic needs. i. In both, marriage is ordained by God.
vi. Christians work as co-creators with God. ii. In both, marriage is for companionship.
vii. People should work to emulate Jesus who was a worker. iii. In both, marriage is for procreation.
viii. Work became a curse when human beings fell in to sin. iv. In both, marriage should be permanent.
ix. People should rest after work. v. In both, the husband and wife should respect each other.
x. Work should be done in a n orderly manner. (8x1=8 marks) vi. In both, marriage gives couples new social status.
vii. In both, faithfulness in marriage is encouraged.
2009 5 b) State the role of professionals ethics in a work place - 6 marks viii. In both, re-marriage is encouraged after the death of a spouse,
i. They guide the workers on how to relate with one another. ix. In each, the husband is the head of the family.
ii. They define how worker should handle/ and relate with relate with their 2010 5 b) Give six reasons why some young people are choosing to remain
clients. unmarried in Kenya today. - 6 marks
iii. They help to create healthy interaction between the workers and i. They have experienced incidents of broken marriages.
employees. ii. In order to pursue their career / education
iv. They help in maintaining g the standards of the service offered in a iii. They are not ready to take responsibilities of marriages
workplace. iv. Poverty and inadequate resources to start a family
v. They determine how one should perform his/her duties. v. Permissiveness allows many to satisfy their sexual lust with o marriage
vi. They help the public to respect the professional from undue pressures from commitment.
other interested parties. vi. Failure to get expected ideal partner
vii. They help to determine the entry requirement/qualifications needed in a vii. Marriage is no longer a communal duty
given profession. (3x2=6 marks) viii. Religious commitment hinders one from involving themselves marriage.

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 ix. Lack of confidence to get married 2011 5 c) State six consequences of denying employees rest. (6 marks)
x. Fear of being jilted. i. It may lead to poor working relations.
ii. The organization may realize low output.
2010 5 c) Identify six ways in which the Church is helping to solve the iii. The workers may resort to a strike action
problem of domestic violence in Kenya today. - 6 marks iv. Some of the employees may lose their jobs through sacking or resignation.
i. Offering guidance and counseling to couples who are affected. Holding v. It may lead to break up of families.
seminars and conferences for couples vi. It can lead to labour conflicts between employer and employees
ii. Developing mass media programs on family relationships Praying for vii. Mistrust may arise leading to close supervision
families viii. Employees may develop negative attitude towards work
iii. Teaching on the need for love, respect and tolerance in marriage ix. It leads to increased cases of vandalism
iv. Visiting members in their homes to encourage them x. Accidents are likely to occur. (8x1=8 marks)
v. Giving material assistance to the needy in order to reduce tension 2012 5 a) Identify five sources of Christian ethics. - 5 marks
vi. Condemning all forms of violence i. Human reason/ experience.
vii. Settling disputes among couples. (6 x l = 6 marks) ii. The Bible.
2011 5 a) Give seven reasons for the importance of manual work in Kenya iii. Traditions from Christian community
today. - 7 marks iv. Natural law
i. Through manual work, human beings emulate God as a worker. v. Situational ethics.
ii. It is a sign of being obedient to God's instructions. vi. The constitution (5x1=5 marks)
iii. It enables people to care for and preserve the environment 2012 5 b) Give seven reasons why Christians in Kenya condemn
iv. It keeps the body physically fit homosexuality. - 7 marks
v. Human beings are able to obtain their needs. i. Homosexuality is a form of immorality.
vi. It is a way of serving others ii. Homosexuality lowers the dignity of human beings.
vii. It enables human beings to develop their talents and abilities. iii. It is against Biblical teachings.
viii. Manual work gives satisfaction and fulfillment iv. It abuses the sacredness of sex.
ix. It keeps one busy and active. (7x1=7 marks) v. It is contrary to natural order of things.
2011 5 b) List seven activities that the youth should engage in during their vi. It does not enable procreation to take place
leisure time. - 7 marks vii. It can lead to contraction of HIV/AIDs leading to human suffering.
i. Taking part in church choir. viii. It may lead to psychological problems like stress and depression,
ii. Helping the sick and needy. ix. It can lead to rejection from the society. (7xl=7marks)
iii. Reading Christian literature. 2012 5 c) Explain how responsible parenthood is demonstrated by
iv. Playing games. Christians in Kenya today. - 8 marks
v. Planting flowers, trees and cleaning the church compound. i. Responsible parents act as role models to their children.
vi. Taking part in retreats. ii. They discipline and correct their children whenever they deviate from
vii. Watching television. norms.
viii. Listening to music. iii. They provide protection to their children.
ix. Taking part in Bible study. iv. They teach their children on family and social life.
x. Visiting their friends. (7x1) v. They spend quality time with their children.
vi. They teach children good morals.
vii. They provide children with formal education and training.

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 viii. They work hard to raise the financial status of the family iii. In both, the gift of sex should be enjoyed in marriage.
ix. They provide basic needs to their families. (4x2=8 marks) iv. In both, the gift of sex is for procreation.
2013 5 a) State the importance of leisure. - 6 marks v. There are rules and regulations regarding the use of the gift of sex in
i. Leisure enables an individual to spend time with God both.
ii. It enables one to rest the body vi. In both, elders and parents guide the youth regarding their sexuality.
iii. It enables one to regain lost energy vii. In both, sexual offences are punishable. (5xl=5marks)
iv. It offers an opportunity to socialize with friends and family
v. It gives one opportunity to develop talents 2014 5 b) Explain five factors that have led to the increase of
vi. It provides an opportunity for one to take care of the environment intermarriages among communities in Kenya today. - 10 marks
vii. It enables one to serve others and the needy i. Education; education has made people from different communities to
viii. People are able to discover new ideas and information during leisure time. interact in learning institutions and during c o - curricular activities.
ix. It enables one to serve others and the needy (6x1=6 marks) ii. Christianity/ religion; religious teachings have broken cultural barriers.
2013 5 b) Identify seven leisure activities common to both Christianity and iii. Migration; people are free to acquire land and settle in any part of Kenya.
traditional African communities. - 7 marks iv. Urbanization; life in towns or cities has allowed mixing of people from various
i. Singing and dancing; cultures.
ii. Storytelling /proverbs/riddles; v. Language; the use of Kiswahili and English enables people from different
iii. Sporting activities; communities to communicate and intermarry.
iv. Visiting friends; vi. Modern means of transport; people are able to travel easily across the
v. Weaving, basketry and crafts; country.
vi. Retreats; vii. Modern trade; people intermingle during trading activities.
vii. Gardening; Trading ; Taking siesta. (7 X 1 = 7 marks) viii. Interactions in games and sports contributes to intermarriages.
2013 5 c) Explain the dangers of using illicit drugs among the youth in 2014 5 c) State five challenges that children from single parent families
Kenya today. - 7 marks face in Kenya. - 5 marks
i. There is an increase in the rate of crimes committed. i. They face identity crisis since they do not know where they belong.
ii. Use of illicit drugs leads to sexual immorality and contracting STD's. ii. They experience social stigma.
iii. Dependence on illicit drugs depletes family resources leading to poverty. iii. They miss the love and guidance of one parent.
iv. Use of illicit drugs is illegal and offenders are liable for punishment. iv. They may have psychological problems.
v. Use of illicit drugs can cause conflicts between employer and employees. v. They may be denied inheritance of family wealth.
vi. Illicit drug users become irresponsible, quarrelsome and irritable leading to vi. They may lack adequate basic needs.
family break up. vii. They may be rejected or not accepted by the society. (5x1=5 marks)
vii. Use of illicit drugs leads to murder or death. 2015 5 a) Identify the causes of premarital sex among the youth in Kenya
viii. Modern means of communication; availability of social media enables today. - 8 marks
people from i. There is erosion of traditional and Christian moral values.
ix. It may lead to increased cases of crime. ii. Some youths lack guidance and counseling.
x. Increase in the number of street children as a result of usage of illicit iii. They are negatively affected by mass media especially watching
2014 5 a) State five similarities between the traditional African and pornography.
Christian view on human sexuality. - 5 marks iv. They are influenced by drugs and substances.
i. In both, sexuality is a gift from God. v. The desire to prove their manhood.
ii. In both, human sexuality is sacred.

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 vi. Poverty dives girls to premarital sex so as to earn a living. Availability of vi. Selfishness/greed:- some Kenyans have more than two jobs, while others
contraceptives. lack.
vii. Some do it for curiosity. vii. Education system:- many Kenyans prefer white collar jobs after school and
viii. Fear of being rejected by the desired spouse. because of stiff competition for available spaces, many remain unemployed.
ix. Lack of good role models. viii. Negative attitude towards work:- some Kenyans lack the initiative to do or
x. Unemployment among the youth. (8x1=8 marks) participate in economic activities/just idle around.
2015 5 b) State the Christian teaching on marriage. - 7 marks ix. Unequal distribution of wealth: Some regions have more resources that
i. Marriage is ordained by God. create employment than others.
ii. Christian marriage should be monogamous. x. New technological advances that has led to retrenchment. Bribery/corruption
iii. Marriage is complete with or without children. is a social evil that denies jobs to those qualified
iv. Marriage should be between a man and a woman.
v. Marriage is for procreation. 2016 5 b) Outline eight causes of disagreements between the employer
vi. Marriage is for companionship. and employees in Kenya today. - 8 marks
vii. Marriage should be based on mutual love. i. Lack of respect to the employer by employees.
viii. Marriage is permanent since divorce and separation is not allowed. ii. Employees not given time for leisure/leave.
ix. Marriage partners should satisfy each other's sexual needs. iii. Poor working conditions/environment/ Poor/low remuneration. When
x. Marriage unites the husband and wife as one flesh. the employees do not receive wages/not paid in time.
xi. The husband is the head of the marriage and the wife should submit to iv. When employers fail to consider the welfare of employees/allowances.
husband. (7x1=7 marks v. When employees fail to accomplish tasks within the expected time/poor
2015 5 c) Give reasons why virginity is encouraged in both traditional time management.
African communities and Christianity. - 5 marks vi. When employees are not allowed to join trade unions.
i. It ensures purity of an individual before marriage. vii. Unequal chances of promotion/discrimination by the employer/lack of
ii. To uphold the moral values of the community promotion.
iii. In order to protect the gift of sex from being misused. viii. Sexual harassment by the employer.
iv. It upholds the reputation and dignity of the individual. ix. Differences in religious affiliation between employer and employees.
v. It protects the youth from suffering from unwanted pregnancies and x. Racial/tribal/ethnic differences may bring conflict
diseases. xi. Misuse/destruction of property by the employee.
vi. It is a source of prestige and joy to the couple. (5x1=5 marks) xii. Divulging of secrets of the employer/organization.
2016 5 a) Discuss four causes of unemployment in Kenya today. - 8 marks 2016 5 c) Identify four roles a Christian should play during a strike. -4
i. High population whereby there are too many people for the available job marks
opportunities. i. Not to take part in strikes.
ii. Lack of money to start individual businesses/unavailability of finances. ii. Encourage other people to find better means of solving problems.
iii. Some people lack skills which make them not to be absorbed in the job iii. To inform the authority of any grievances if they are not aware/mediate.
market. iv. To pray for a solution to the problem/seek God’s guidance for a solution to
iv. Rural-urban migration:- many people are congested in towns where job the problem.
opportunities are limited. v. Should not take part in violent demonstrations/encourage peaceful
v. Foreign aid:- dependence on foreign aid causes the donors to give conditions demonstrations.
of employment, that is lean service. vi. To report the matter to the nearest police station

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 2017 5 a) Give seven advantages of a monogamous marriage. 7 marks ii. They give guidance on the relationship among professionals/those they
i. Monogamous marriage enhances/promotes intimacy/conjugal rights serve.
ii. A monogamous marriage minimizes wrangles/conflicts on property iii. They contain regu1ations/ terms of
ownership/ inheritance. employment/promotion/remuneration/termination of services.
iii. It enhances security among the family members. iv. They promote se1f-discipline/accountability for the work done.
iv. It enhances commitment/undivided love. v. They act as a measure of quality services/determine the expected
v. It upholds the dignity/honour/confidence/trust among the family members. levels of performance.
vi. It reduces the risk of contracting infections/sexually transmitted diseases. vi. They enable the professionals to earn public trust/respect from people
vii. Providing/catering for family needs is easier. they serve/maintain public image of the profession.
viii. It reduces delinquency among the family members. 2018 5 b) Identify seven factors that have led to an increased rate of child
2017 5 b) Outline the importance of children in both Christianity and labour in Kenya today. - 7 marks
traditional African communities. - 6 marks i. Poverty in the family has forced children to work.
i. In both children take care of their parents in old age. ii. They are cheap to contract/quest for cheap labour by employers.
ii. In both, children ensure the continuity of the community/society. iii. Children can easily be employed/sacked/fired because they don’t have
iii. In both, the children inherit their parent’s property. avenues to help them fight for proper terms/conditions.
iv. In both, children are a sign of G0d’s blessings. iv. Children have no skills/cannot negotiate for better terms of
v. In both, children provide labour in the family/source of labour. service/experience/knowledge.
vi. In both children cement the relationship between the husband and v. Greed for money by the child’s parent/guardian.
wife/stabilizes marriage. vi. Death of parents/some children has been 1ef1 to fend for themselves.
vii. ln both, children raise the status of the parents. vii. Truancy from home/schools whereby some children abandon
viii. In both, children are a source of joy/happiness. homes/schools due to peer pressure.
ix. In both, they are a source of wealth. viii. Gender discrimination in some communities/boys preferred/given
priorities than girls.
2017 5 c) Identify seven ways through which Christians help to minimise ix. Children are given too much responsibility at an early
conflicts between parents and their children in Kenya today. 7 marks age/negligence/irresponsib1e parents.
i. Through guidance and counseling/advising them. 2018 5 c) State seven ways through which Christians in Kenya are helping
ii. By praying for families. to reduce child labour in the society. - 7 marks
iii. By making fair judgments/being fair when resolving the conflict. i. Christians are helping to reduce child labour in the society by fighting
iv. By Christians setting a good example to others in the society. for the rights of children/dignity of children.
v. By Christians teaching/preaching the word of God concerning family life. ii. By reporting those who employ children.
vi. Organizing seminars/workshops where parents/children are taught on their iii. By advocating for stringent measures to curb child labour.
roles/responsibilities. iv. Teaching/sensitizing the society the evils of child labour.
vii. By airing programs on family life on television/radio. v. By condemning child labour/preaching against it.
viii. By assisting needy families with finance/materials so as to minimize vi. Putting up homes for orphans/neglected children.
conflicts. vii. Through guidance and counseling of parents on responsible
2018 5 a) Outline the importance of professional Codes of Ethics. - 6 marks parenthood.
i. Professional code of ethics safeguard professionals against being viii. Providing education to children from poor backgrounds.
compromised in their work/upholds their integrity. ix. By being role models/not practicing child labour.

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 2019 5 a) Outline six roles of a professional code in a work place. - 6 marks vi.
Poverty/lack of basic necessities.
i. It contains the rules relating to employment/promotion/ payment/ vii.
Due to western influence.
termination of services/matters pertaining to the profession. viii.
Erosion of traditional African norms/ There is permissiveness in the society.
ii. It gives guidance on how professionals should relate to one another/those ix.
Due to influence from phonographic materials/mass media
they serve. 2020 5 b) State seven similarities between traditional African and Christian
iii. It safeguards professionals against being compromised in their jobs/enables understanding of marriage. - 7 marks
them to maintain their jobs/personal integrity. i. In booth marriage is ordained by God/sacred.
iv. It determines the expected levels of performance of a particular job. ii. In both marriage is meant for procreation.
v. It serves as a measure of competence/determines entry iii. In both marriage creates a new bond of relationship/ covenant.
requirements/qualification needed. iv. In both it promotes the social status of those who enter it. In both
vi. It acts as a measure of quality of service. marriage should be permanent.
vii. It serves as a protection to individual professional. v. It is communal/social affair in both.
viii. It enables professionals to earn public trust. vi. Marriage is for mutual love /companionship in both.
2019 5 b) State seven similarities in the traditional African and Christian vii. In both remarriage is encouraged after the death of a spouse.
view on work. - 7 marks viii. In both the husband and wife should give conjugal rights to each other.
i. In both, work is mainly for the purpose of acquiring basic needs. In both, ix. In both marriage is between a man and a woman.
work is ordained by God. 2020 5 c) Give six effects of divorce on children in Kenya today. - 6 marks
ii. In both, rest is encouraged after work/leisure. i. It leads to loss of parental love/care.\
iii. In both, work is a duty/done in obedience to God. ii. The children suffer emotional imbalance.
iv. In both, division of work is encouraged/sharing of work. iii. It may lead to street children /destitute.
v. In both, hard work is emphasized/laziness is condemned. iv. It may lead to children dropping out of school.
vi. In both, talents/abilities are developed through work. v. The children might engage in crime / prostitution
vii. In both, work promotes socialization. vi. It can lead to child abuse/labour.
2019 5 c) Give seven reasons why Christians condemn idleness in the vii. It can lead to child marriages/teenage pregnancy
society today. - 7 marks viii. It leads to poverty in the family/lack of basic needs.
i. Idleness encourages dependence on other people. ix. It can lead to children getting diseases/death.
ii. It retards the development of God given talents/abilities. x. It can lead to stigma/disgrace on the children
iii. It is seen as disobedience to God’s command for human beings to work. 2021 5 (a) Similarities in the Christian and traditional African view on the
iv. It may lead to anti-social activities/crime. family. (6mks)
v. It can lead to lifestyle diseases/it is unhealthy. i. In both the family is instituted /ordained by God
vi. It leads to poverty/lack of basic necessities. ii. In both family members should be guided by virtues of
vii. Idleness may lead to conflicts/quarrels/fights among people. love/kindness/faithfulness/respect.
viii. It is failure to uphold the image of God who is a worker. iii. In both parents should provide for the needs of their members
2020 5 a) Outline seven causes of homosexuality in Kenya today. - 7 marks iv. In both children are a gift/blessings from God
i. Due to lack of self-control. v. In both family is the smallest/basic unit of the community.
ii. Lack of guidance and counselling. vi. In both there are roles to be played by each member of the family.
iii. Peer pressure/bad Company. vii. In both father is the head of the family.
iv. Due to drug and substance abuse.
v. Due to confinement of people of the same gander for a long time.

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 2021 5 (b) How Christians demonstrate responsible parenthood viii. In both it is an opportunity to worship God/spiritual nourishment.
i. They should provide education for their children ix. In both it enables individuals to maintain/ improve their health/ physical
ii. They should teach/train children on religious matters/spiritual growth. fitness.
iii. They should guide and counsel their children x. In both it provides an opportunity to visit new places.
iv. They should instill in their children moral values/right behavior
v. They should love all their children without discrimination 2022 5 (b) Explain how alcoholism hinders individuals from performing their
vi. They should provide food/clothing/shelter/basic needs for their children work effectively. (7 marks)
vii. They should teach their children civic responsibilities/obey the law - Aggression: Alcoholism makes an individual/ aggressive/ hostile/ irritable at
viii. They should provide protection/security for their children the place of work.
ix. They should discipline/correct their children - Crime: Alcoholism can make an individual to commit/ engage in crime/ can
x. They should be role models for their children to emulate lead to imprisonment.
xi. They should spend quality time with their children - Poor health: Alcoholism weakens the body immunity/ leads to diseases.
xii. They should pray for their children - Truancy: Alcoholism makes individuals to fail to report to work/ absenteeism/
xiii. They should teach them duties and responsibilities/work. lateness/ indiscipline.
xiv. They should teach their children how to grow physically/ psychologically so as - Low productivity: Alcoholism leads individuals to be less productive at the
to understand changes in their bodies as they grow. place of work.
- Poor relations: Alcoholism strains relationships at the place of work/lead to
2021 (c) Ways through which the church strengthens family relationships fights//violence/ disagreements.
(7mks). - Accidents: Alcoholism makes individuals to have poor judgement/leads to
i. The church organizes seminars/workshops/retreats on family life accident/ injuries.
ii. It provides guidance and counseling/advice on family life - Bankruptcy: Alcoholism leads to misuse of resources/ leads to debts hence
iii. The church condemns divorce/separation demotivates a worker.
iv. The church preaches/teaches on the importance of unity of the family - Death: Alcoholism may result to death.
v. It gives material support to the needy families/finances - Loss of job: Alcoholism may lead to termination of employment. (7 x1=7
vi. The church encourages families to worship together at home marks)
vii. The church prays for families 2022 (c) Give five examples of relationships based on false love in Kenya
viii. The church prepares study materials on family life/air programs on family life. today. (5 marks)
i. A relationship which is based on material possessions/ status of an
2022 (a) State the importance of leisure in both Christian and traditional individual.
African communities. (8 marks) ii. A relationship which is based on lust/ sexual satisfaction.
i. In both, leisure time enables an individual to rest. iii. A relationship which is based on physical attraction only.
ii. In both it helps one to rejuvenate/ regain lost energy. iv. A relationship which is based on taking advantage of a partner/the
iii. In both, leisure provides an opportunity for individuals to socialize attend other person.
ceremonies. v. A relationship which discriminates against race/ tribe/ education/
iv. In both people are able to learn new ideas/ acquire new information. gender/religion/social status.
v. In both, leisure gives individuals opportunity to develop talents/ skills. vi. A relationship which starts when one is in trouble.
vi. In both it is an opportunity to serve others. vii. A relationship which is over possessive/ protective.
vii. In both it provides an opportunity for people to take care of the viii. A relationship that ends when one is in trouble. (5x1= 5 marks)
environment.

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 vi. Reporting criminals to the law enforcement authorities
vii. Disciplining deviant members of the church
QUESTION NUMBER: 6 viii. Participating in government programmes established to fight crime e.g.
community policing.
ix. Obeying the laws of the country / being role models
KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL x. Praying for peace / harmony
xi. Teaching responsible parenthood
xii. Providing basic needs for the needy
Condemning evil practices in the society/ teaching against crime (8x1= 8 marks)
2006 6 a) State the rights of citizens in Kenya today - 7 marks
i. Rights to life 2007 6 a) Explain how unfair distribution of wealth can lead to social
ii. Rights to have basic needs Right to receive education disorder in Kenya today. - 8 marks
iii. Right to marry and raise up a family. i. Some people can steal or grab wealth to be at the same level others.
iv. Right to have freedom of association/ assembly ii. It causes hatred and anger leading to social disorder.
v. Right to freedom of speech iii. It forms a basis for oppression of the poor by the rich.
vi. Right to own property Freedom of worship iv. It can lead to strikes at work place.
vii. Right to liberty / movement v. It widens that gap between the rich and the poor.
viii. Right to work and earn a living vi. It makes the rich and wealthy to look down upon the poor.
ix. Right to medical care/ health vii. It creates discontent and apathy among the people.
x. Right to security and protection by law viii. It can lead to strained relationship between the government and people.
xi. Freedom of conscience ix. Regional clashes can occur because of inequitable distribution land. (4x2=8
xii. Right to vote (7x1=7 marks)
2007 6 b) Identify ways through which Christians promote justice in Kenya
2006 6 b) Give reasons why Christians pay taxes to the government in today. - 7 marks
Kenya - 5 marks i. Preaching to people to have fair dealings with one another.
i. To emulate Jesus who paid tax to the Roman authorities. ii. Living exemplary lives as role models.
ii. To heed Jesus instructions to respect the civil authorities. iii. Encouraging the leaders to uphold the rule of law.
iii. Christians pay taxes in order to receive service from the government. iv. Carrying out civic education for the citizens to know their rights/duties.
iv. To provide essential services. v. Condemning acts of unfairness in society.
v. It is their duty to pay taxes to the government. vi. Offering guidance and counseling services to law breakers.
vi. To enable the government to meet its financial obligations. vii. Praying for people to practice justice .
viii. Participating in constitution making and amendment process.
2006 6 c) How is the church helping to reduce the rate of crime in Kenya? - ix. Assist the needy to get jobs/offering them jobs.
8 marks x. Asking those who have wrongly acquired wealth to return it.
i. Rehabilitating law breakers. xi. Using mass media to promote justice. (7x1=7 marks)
ii. Providing jobs to people
iii. Offering training opportunities to the people.
iv. Giving loans to people to start and run their business.
v. Organizing recreational activities for the youth.

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 2007 6 c) Give reasons why Christians in Kenya are against the death vii. Bribery and corruption has destroyed credibility of government officials.
sentence. - 5 marks viii. Interference from human rights groups who oppose government initiatives in
i. The law of God forbids killing. maintenance of law and order.
ii. Death sentence is irreversible in case an innocent person is killed. ix. Greed for power and wealth makes some to acquire wealth even if it means
iii. Life is a sacred. breaking the law.
iv. Killing does not reform the offender. x. People are not conversant with the laws of the country. (8x1=8
v. The right of the offender as a human being is violated. 2008 6 c) Identify ways in which Christians in Kenya help those who have
vi. It undermines the Christian virtue of love. been released - 6 marks
vii. It is against God's principle of forgiveness. i. Praying for them.
viii. The victim’s family is denied a chance to be with their loved ones, ii. Visiting them so that they can feel wanted in society
ix. It can be misused by those in power to instill fear and discourage opposing iii. Preaching the good news of salvation to them.
views. iv. Showing care and concern to them.
v. Welcoming them in church.
2008 6 a) Give six reasons why it is important to have laws in a country (6 vi. Providing them with basic needs.
marks). vii. Offering guidance and counseling to help them reform.
i. Laws safeguard people's rights. viii. Involving them in community and church activities
ii. Laws protect people's property. ix. Counseling their families to forgive and accept them.
iii. Laws protect the consumer from exploitation. 2009 6 a) Explain four negative effects of the introduction of money
iv. Individuals are able to enjoy the freedom of worship. economy on traditional African Communities (8mks).
v. They outline how foreigners should be treated. i. It has led to introduction of wage labour instead of communal working that
vi. They control taxation. existed
vii. They enable the government to protect citizens against exploitation. ii. It led to migration to town as people search for better paying jobs, destroying
viii. They determine the type of punitive measures for a crime done. the closely knit traditional way of life.
ix. They ensure political stability y in a country. iii. It has led to the formation of socio-economic classes among the people.
x. They outline the relationship between different nations. iv. It has created individualism which has destroyed the communal way of living.
v. It has led to vices like bribery, corruption and exploitation which have
2008 6 b) Outline eight problems related to maintenance of law and order replaced honesty/ and fairness in traditional African setting.
in Kenya today. (8 marks). vi. The dependency money has led to social evils like prostitution and
i. Some legislators do not observe the law and thus serve as the wrong role immorality.
models. vii. It has led to private ownership of land hence destroying the traditional
ii. There is a lot of unfairness when settling cases because of tribalism and communal l and ownership.
nepotism. viii. Dowry has been commercialized thus destroying the traditional African
iii. People high offices use their power to influence certain decisions regarding meaning of showing appreciation of the family of the bride / girl
law breaking. ix. The type of education one receives is now determined by the amount of
iv. Economic inability makes the poor to resort to lawlessness to meet their money he/she has.
needs. x. Due to the introduction of money economy modern means of transport have
v. Availability of dangerous weapons in the wrong hands leads to insecurity. been acquired which has led to accidents and pollution of the environment.
vi. There are few resources to cater for the growing population, thus leading to xi. Age is no longer a determinant of social status /a rich young man may be
competition which overwhelms the law maintenance machinery. respected by an elder who is not economically stable. (4x2=8 marks

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 2009 6 b) Outline six teaching of Jesus on wealth (6 marks). 2010 6 b) Describe four ways through which science and technology has
i. Wealth should be acquired in the right manner. negatively affected the environment created by God. - 4 marks
ii. Wealth is a gift from God. i. Use of chemicals has led to pollution of water.
iii. Wealth should be used to serve God. ii. Emission of smoke from industries pollute the environment
iv. Those who have wealth are only stewards of God. iii. Felling trees has led to desertification and drying of rivers.
v. The wealthy should share it with others. iv. Manufacturing of plastic materials has led to environmental degradation.
vi. Wealth can be a hindrance for one to enter the kingdom of God. v. Science and Technology has led to the over utilization of natural resources
vii. One cannot serve both wealth and God. like fish.
viii. Wealth cannot satisfy all human needs. vi. Quarrying and m in in g has led to environmental degradation. (4xl=4marks)
ix. Earthly wealth is temporary.
x. Those who have wealth should use it responsibly. 2010 6 c) How can the youth in the Church carry out environmental
xi. Those who have wealth should avoid luxury. (6x1=6 marks) restoration in Kenya today? - 6 marks
i. They should sensitize people on the importance of protecting the
2009 6 c) Give six reasons why Christians should not involve themselves in environment.
gambling (6 marks). ii. Teaching people on methods of environmental conservation
i. Gambling enables one to have money without working for it. iii. Forming church organizations aimed at environmental conservation.
ii. In gambling, one's gain leads to another person's loss. iv. Raising funds to support environmental conservation programs
iii. It creates bitterness in the one who losses. v. They take part in the environmental days for planting trees and cleaning
iv. The Bible condemns gambling and unfair interests. occasions.
v. It involves taking advantage of ignorant players. vi. Lobbying the government to enact laws aimed at protecting the environment.
vi. There is no security on the wealth one puts in gambling. vii. Acting as responsible role models on issues regarding environment. (6x1=6
vii. It is an addictive practice. marks)
viii. It can interfere with family budget and priorities. 2011 6 a) Explain seven ways in which Christians can contribute towards
ix. It can lead to violence and loss of life. the maintenance of law and order in society. 7 marks
x. It can lead to stress and illness. i. By obeying the law of the land.
xi. It shows lack of trust and dependence on God. ii. By respecting the l awful authority.
xii. It can lead to poverty due to time wasting at the expense of production iii. Through rehabilitating criminals .
iv. By condemning acts which violate human rights.
2010 6 a) Explain the Christian view on plastic surgery in Kenya today. (10 v. Through educating the masses on their rights and responsibilities.
marks) vi. By sharing what they have with the needy.
i. Christians approve plastic surgery when it is used to treat deformities. vii. By praying for peace among the citizens.
ii. Christians do not recommend it for beauty reasons since it goes against Lord's viii. By forgiving others freely.
design. ix. Reporting criminals to the relevant authorities.
iii. Plastic surgery is like self-glorification thus it is discouraged. x. Through reconciling warring parties.
iv. God is more interested in one's soul than one's body. xi. Through guidance and counseling service. (6xl=6mks
v. Plastic surgery takes the place of God who is the creator.
vi. Risks involved when performing plastic surgery can lead to death.
vii. It shows lack of appreciation of oneself. (5x2=10marks)

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 2011 6 b) State seven methods of disciplining errant members in viii. Wealth determines one's social status.
traditional African communities. - 7 marks ix. Wealth should be used to help the needy in society.
i. By paying fines. x. There are rules governing how is distributed.
ii. By denying children food for some time. xi. Wealth is used to worship God/ appease ancestors.
iii. Reprimanding wrong doers. xii. Women and children are not allowed to own property.
iv. Denying culprit s access to social occasions.
v. Giving unpleasant names to reflect the wrong that the person has done. 2012 6 b) Give eight reasons why corruption is widespread in Kenya today.
vi. Summoning an indiscipline member before the council of elders. 8 marks
vii. Through caning and beating. i. Unemployment cases which makes an individual desperate to secure an
viii. Disowning by parents, relatives, and friends. employment chance engaging in corrupt activities
ix. Excommunicating wrong doers from the community ii. Desire for instant services make some people become corrupt
x. Being cursed by elders. iii. Some people feel that they have not been adequately paid for work done
xi. Refusing to name children after them. (6x1=6 marks) hence engage in corrupt acts to compensate themselves.
iv. Fear of arrest /punishment make law breakers to engage in corrupt deals.
2011 6 c) Identify six obstacles to effective maintenance of law and order v. Some people engage in corrupt deals in order to be served due to ignorance
in Kenya today. 6 marks of their rights
i. Due to unequal distribution of resources. vi. Lack of moral integrity by some people.
ii. Delay in the delivery of justice to the offended. vii. Greed makes some people to engage in corruption.
iii. There is an increase in the rate of crime. viii. Due to tribal / ethnic affiliations.
iv. Due to political instability and incitement by politicians. ix. There is lack of inefficient machinery to curb corrupt practices / absence of a
v. Extreme poverty in the society. law to deal with corrupt cartels.
vi. Permissiveness in society. x. The judiciary is not able to deal with many cases of injustice /cases take too
vii. Social discrimination long to be determined.
viii. Some cultural beliefs and practices hinder effective maintenance of law and xi. Some government agents abuse the power bestowed upon them.
order.
ix. High rate of unemployment. 2012 6 c) Explain six ways the church is using to eradicate poverty in Kenya
x. Greed for material wealth. today. - 6 marks
xi. Citizens lack adequate knowledge on the procedures for maintenance of l aw i. The church preaches and encourages hard work among the citizens.
& order. ii. The church speaks against vices like oppression and exploitation of the poor
xii. Inadequate modern equipment to combat crime. by the rich in the society which are promoting poverty.
iii. The church takes care of the poor by providing them with material
2012 6 a) Outline the traditional African concept of wealth. - 6 marks possession.
i. Wealth is a blessing from God. iv. The church has established projects that offer employment to members of
ii. Wealth is shared with the needy in society. the society. This enables them to take care of their needs.
iii. It is part and parcel of human existence v. The church gives out bursaries to the needy children enabling them
iv. It is measured in the amount of property, wives and children. undertake education and get employment.
v. It can be individually and communally owned. vi. The church is offering subsidized medical services which enhance the
vi. Wealth is acquired through hard work. economic output/ productivity of the people.
vii. Wealth can be acquired through inheritance and gifts.

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 vii. The church is working together with the government to create a peaceful iv. Providing education to the public on environmental conservation
society which promotes economic/ social development. v. Protecting all water catchment areas
viii. The church prays for God's intervention in the lives of the poor which gives vi. Participating in environmental conservation program
them hope in life. vii. Practicing better methods of farming
ix. It offers guidance and counseling to the poverty stricken thus enabling them viii. Giving financial assistance to bodies involved in environmental conservation
to open up realities of life. (6x1=6 marks) ix. Reporting cases of forest destruction to relevant authorities
x. By participating in enactment of laws on environmental conservation
2013 6 a) Explain how science and technology has improved human life. - 8 xi. By providing guidance and counseling to those involves in activities of
marks environmental degradation. (6x1= 6 marks)
i. Modern means of transport have enabled people to travel faster.
ii. Use of electronic media has eased passing of information to larger audience. 2014 6 a) Give six reasons why laws are important to the people of Kenya. -
iii. New sources of energy have enhanced human life. 6 marks
iv. Use of weather forecasting equipment assists in understanding the i. Laws promote harmonious living g among people.
environment ii. Laws safeguard people's property.
v. Use of medical equipment has led to prolonged life. iii. Laws enable people to be involved in various development activities.
vi. Use of fertilizer has increased agricultural yields iv. Laws regulate power of those in authorities.
vii. Use of modern agricultural machines have increased in agriculture al yields v. Laws ensure the security of its citizens.
and enhanced food preservation. vi. Laws protect people's rights.
viii. Industrial development has led to creation of employment opportunities vii. Laws define the culture and identity of people.
ix. Industrial machines have enabled work to be done faster and efficiently. viii. Laws regulate taxation. (6x1=6 marks
x. Trade has been enhanced by use of information technology
2014 6 b) List seven rights of a Kenyan citizen. - 7 marks
2013 6 b) Give six reasons why Christians are opposed to euthanasia. -6 i. Right to employment and just wage
marks ii. Right to own property
i. God is the only one who gives life and thus should be the one to take it away. iii. Right to life
ii. Euthanasia is equal to murder which is biblically condemned. iv. Right to movement.
iii. It destroys God's image in human beings. v. Right to marry and raise a family
iv. The work of mercy involves saving life and not destroying it. vi. Right to a fair trial
v. Suffering is part of Christian life and should not be used to justify euthanasia. vii. Right to human dignity
vi. It is against Jesus' mission on earth to heal the sick. viii. Right to health Right to education
vii. Human judgment is weak; therefore it cannot be used to make correct ix. Right to human dignity
decision on terminating the life of others. x. Right to protection
viii. It is against medical ethics which demand that doctors save lives. xi. Right to freedom of worship
xii. Right to freedom of expression 7xl=7marks)
2013 6 c) Identify ways through which Christians can help to control
desertification. - 6 marks 2014 6 c) In what ways does the church in Kenya help to reform errant
i. Christians need to practice afforestation and reforestation programs members of the society? - 7 marks
ii. By practicing agro-forestry i. The church prays for them.
iii. By us in g alternative sources of energy as opposed to charcoal or firewood ii. By teaching them the word of God.

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 iii. Through guiding and counseling them. rich and the poor? - 6 marks
iv. By contributing towards their basic needs. i. By creating job opportunities for the jobless.
v. By offering credit facilities to enable them start businesses. ii. Through training and equipping the poor with skills for self-reliance.
vi. The church establishes rehabilitation centers to care for them. iii. By assisting the poor to access loans and credit facilities to improve their
vii. By involving them in church activities. livelihood.
viii. By offering employment opportunities to them. iv. By exercising fairness and avoiding corrupt practices.
ix. By training them in various skills in vocational centers. (7x1= 7 marks) v. They should call upon the government to be accountable to her citizens.
vi. Through application of virtues that promote equality
2015 6 a) List seven ways in which wealth is acquired in traditional African
communities. - 7 marks 2016 6 a) Outline the rights of a Kenyan citizen. - 7 marks
i. Wealth is acquired through inheritance. i. Rights to life
ii. Through payment of bride wealth. ii. Rights to have basic needs
iii. Through barter trade. iii. Right to receive education
iv. Through raids and wars. iv. Right to marry and raise up a family.
v. Through receiving gifts. v. Right to have freedom of association/ assembly
vi. Through utilizing natural talents and available resource. vi. Right to freedom of speech
vii. Through marrying many wives and having many children. vii. Right to own property
viii. Through livestock rearing and farming. (7x1=7 marks) viii. Freedom of worship
ix. Right to liberty / movement
2015 6 b) Explain the negative effects of the introduction of money x. Right to work and earn a living
economy in traditional African communities. - 7 marks xi. Right to medical care/ health
i. Money economy has led to wage labour which has replaced communal xii. Right to security and protection by law
working. xiii. Freedom of conscience
ii. It has led to rural urban migration hence destroying the closely knit way of xiv. Right to vote (7x1=7 marks)
life in traditional African Communities.
iii. Money economy has led to formation of social classes leading to the gap 2016 6 b) Explain the importance of paying taxes as a Christian to the
between the rich and the poor. Government of Kenya. - 5 marks
iv. It has led to individualism which has replaced the extended family. i. To emulate Jesus who paid tax to the Roman authorities.
v. It has led to vices like bribery and corruption which has replaced the moral ii. To heed Jesus instructions to respect the civil authorities.
values of honesty. iii. Christians pay taxes in order to receive service from the government.
vi. It has changed landownership from being communal to private iv. Christians pay taxes as a sign of patriotism.
vii. Money economy has led to commercialization of bride wealth whereby the v. Christians pay taxes as a way of sharing their wealth and resources station
parents of the bride exploit the groom. vi. It is their duty to pay taxes to the government
viii. Money economy has shifted the respect that was accorded to elders vii. To enable the government to meet its financial obligations
because of their wisdom to young people who are rich.
ix. It has encouraged dependence on a few individuals who are employed in
the society. (7x1=7 marks)

2015 6 c) How can Christians in Kenya help to narrow the gap between the

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 2016 6 c) Discuss four ways in which the church could help to eradicate 2017 6 c) State six reasons why a Christian should donate blood. - 6 marks
crime in Kenya. - 8 marks i. Donating blood is an act of love/mercy from the donor to the recipient.
i. Providing guidance and counseling. Christians have a duty to preserve life.
ii. Preaching about love for one another in the society. Rehabilitating law ii. It is a Way of emulating Jesus who shed His blood to save human beings.
breakers. iii. It is a way of helping those in need.
iii. Providing jobs to people. iv. Through the donation of blood the donor is able to know his/her blood group.
iv. By upholding Christian values and principles s of solving the problem. v. The body is able to replace the lost blood/it is a healthy practice.
v. Giving loans to people to start and run their business. vi. It contribute to further medical research hence improving human life.
vi. Offering training opportunities to the people.
vii. Organizing recreational activities for the youth 2018 6 a) Give seven reasons why Christians are opposed to plastic surgery.
viii. Reporting criminals to the law enforcement authorities - 7 marks
2017 6 a) Explain ways in which science and technology has improved i. Plastic surgery takes the place of God/cha1lenges God as the
human life. - 8 marks creator/interferes with God’s image.
i. Inventions from Science and Technology have been used to control diseases ii. It shows lack of appreciation for oneself.
hence preserve human life/family planning/proper nutrition. iii. There are high risks involved/poor health/infections.
ii. Modern technology has enabled human beings to take care of the iv. Plastic surgery is equated to idolatry/worship of the body.
environment effectively/understand soil fertility/irrigation/weather forecast. v. Plastic surgery promotes some vices/pride.
iii. Use of electronic/print media has enabled human beings to access/ pass vi. Plastic surgery can lead to death.
information with ease. vii. It can lower one’s self-esteem/stress/guilt.
iv. Modern means of transport enables human beings to travel faster/ improve viii. It can lead to isolation/social stigma/rejection
trade.
v. Scientific devices have been invented to enhance security. 2018 6 b) State seven effects of pollution on the environment in Kenya
vi. Use of industrial machines enables work to be done faster/efficiency. today. - 7 marks
vii. Science and technology has improved the agricultural sector/led to more i. Pollution has led to infections/diseases in human beings/animals.
production/yields/preservation. ii. It has led to global warming/result in climatic change/ozone layer.
viii. New sources of energy has been invented which have raised the living iii. Pollution has contributed to inconsistent rainfall
standard of the people. patterns/drought/famine.
ix. lt has led to better exploitation of natural resources. iv. It has led to ecological/imbalance/migration/extinction of some
animals/birds.
2017 6 b) Give six reasons why the church in Kenya is opposed to cloning. - v. It has led to death of human beings/animals/plants/birds.
6 marks vi. It has led to human/animal conflicts.
i. Cloning is like taking the role of God in creation. vii. It has damaged buildings/wastage of resources.
ii. It distracts the role of human beings as co-creator With God/makes them viii. It has affected marine life/bio-diversity.
procreators.
iii. It dehumanizes reproduction/destroys individual uniqueness. 2018 6 c) Identify six ways through which Christians in Kenya can control
iv. lt leads to unethical/immoral experiments such as destruction of embryos. desertification. - 6 marks
v. Cloning leads to the inheritance of undesirable characteristics. - Christians can control desertification by protecting water catchment areas.
vi. It gives human beings the right to destroy life since they are the ones who - By exploiting/using alternative sources of energy/fuel.
have created it. Condemning/discouraging the distraction of forests.

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 - Christians should participate in the planting of ii. They should educate people to appreciate/respect different ethnic
trees/afforestation/reforestation. groups.
- By using better methods of farming. iii. By encouraging inter-tribal marriages.
- Sensitizing/creating awareness of environmental conservation. iv. By participating in educational/cultural programs that bring people
- Christians should report those who destroy forests/environment to relevant from different communities together.
authorities. v. Christians should condemn practices that encourage tribalism.
vi. By using the national/language to communicate.
2019 6 a) Outline eight traditional African practices that promote order vii. By preaching/teaching on equality/oneness of human beings before
and justice in the society. - 8 marks God.
i. Communal law, order and justice in the society. viii. By urging the government to ensure equal distributions of national
ii. Kinship ties. resources.
iii. Observing rites of passage. 2020 6 a) Outline the traditional African understanding of wealth. - 6 marks
iv. Having common religious beliefs. i. Wealth is a gift from God.
v. Inter-clan marriages. ii. Wealth is measured in terms of land/livestock/wives /children.
vi. Administering of oaths. iii. Wealth raises the status of an individual.
vii. Customs/rules that govern relationships. iv. Wealth is to be inherited by members of the family.
viii. Signing treaties/covenants between communities/use of mediators/ v. The wealthy should share/help those who do not have.
emissaries. vi. There are guide lines on how to acquire wealth/ through fair means
ix. Observing taboos that enhance good moral behaviours vii. Wealth is owned by men.
x. Sharing meals as a sign of peace viii. Wealth is acquired through hard work/laziness is condemned.
xi. Punishing of offenders. 2020 6 b) Explain seven causes of bribery and corruption in Kenya today. -
xii. Leisure activities 7 marks
xiii. Having leaders i. Unemployment-a person seeking employment may give a bribe to be
2019 6 b) State six reasons why Christians in Kenya should vote during the offered a job.
national general elections. - 6 marks ii. Poverty-a person may give/receive bribes to obtain favour.
i. To exercise their democratic/constitutional right. iii. Greed for wealth-the desire to get rich quickly may make some people
ii. To elect leaders of their choice. to ask for bribes in order to discharge their duties.
iii. It is demonstration of obedience to earthly authorities. iv. Greed for power-some people give bribes to get promotion/leadership
iv. In order to own their elected leaders/identify with them. positions.
v. So as to replace oppressive leaders/government. v. Lack of morals-poor upbringing/lack of a firm foundation in moral
vi. To encourage/have a peaceful transition. values makes some people to easily accept/give a bribe.
vii. It is a way of demonstrating patriotism. vi. Ignorance-some people may not know their right to be given certain
viii. To have their direct representatives in parliament/government services hence give bribes unknowingly.
vii. Fear-people who have committed crime may bribe the authority to
2019 6 c) Give six ways through which Christians can reduce tribalism in escape punishment.
Kenya today. - 6 marks viii. To overcome shame-a person may give a bribe to guard his/her
i. Christians should be willing to travel/settle/live in any part of the reputation.
country. ix. Justice system-the process of getting justice is slow/long hence people
give bribes for a short cut/hasten the process

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 v. Christians use public address system to preach the word of God
2020 6 c) Give seven reasons why a Christian family should discuss its vi. They make use of modern musical instruments during workshop/singing.
budget. - 7 marks vii. Modern means of communication/phones enables Christian’s to pass the
i. To avoid running into debts by over spending of the family resources. word of God to others.
ii. To encourage members of the family to work hard to meet their viii. They use modern electronic gadgets to store Christian’s songs i.e. flash disks,
budget. CD,DVD and recorded cassettes
iii. To be able to allocate funds according to their priorities. ix. Christens give tithes and offerings in form of money which is a product of
iv. To avert/prevent suspicion/misunderstanding/quarrels in the family. science and technology.
v. To assist members of the family to be realistic in their needs/eliminate
selfishness. 2021 (c) Way in which Christians in Kenya today conserve the environment.
vi. To help members of the family to plan for the future/makes savings (8mks).
vii. To promote transparency/honesty/accountability among members of i. Christians participate in environmental cleaning activities
the family. ii. They participate in the tree planting exercises
viii. To assist members of the family appreciate each other’s iii. They take part in awareness campaigns on environmental conservation
needs/problems. iv. The church encourages the members to care for God’s creation/conserve the
ix. To encourage wise spending avoid impulse spending environment/teaches in the conservation.
v. Christians report to the authorities those who interfere with the environment
2021 (a) Reasons why Christians are opposed to genetic engineering (6mks) vi. Christians lobby/participate in making laws on environmental conservation.
i. Genetic engineering interferes with God’s plan for creation/against God’s vii. Christians donate/give financial assistance to bodies/organizations that
plan of natural growth advocate for environmental conservation.
ii. It undermines the dignity of human being as they are used for viii. They provide guidance and counseling/advise to those involved in activities
experimentation. related to environmental degradation.
iii. It challenges the power/role of God as the creator/human beings take the ix. Christians avoid activities which destroy the environment/are exemplary.
role of God x. They participate in soil conservation activities/build gabions/terraces/use
iv. Genetic engineering eliminates the weak organisms/interferes with the proper farming methods.
balance of nature
v. It destroys the principle of variety/beat of nature 2022. (a) State six rights of a Kenyan citizen.
vi. It may lead to production of artificial human beings who have no feelings i. Right to a fair trial.
vii. It dehumanizes the purpose of human reproduction. ii. Right to assembly/ demonstration/ picketing.
iii. Right to life.
2021 (b) Ways in which Christians in Kenya make use of science and iv. Right to health.
technology to spread the word of God (6mks). v. Right to education.
i. Christians use electronic media to preach good news (TV) vi. Right to vote/ freedom of conscience.
ii. They use modern means of transport to travel from place to place to preach vii. Right to movement.
the good news viii. Right to human dignity/ privacy.
iii. Use of typewriters/computers/printing machines enables Christian to put ix. Right to employment/a just wage.
message/teachings in writing to be read by more people. x. Right to own/ use personal property.
iv. Technology in architecture has enabled Christians to build sanctuaries/places xi. Right to freedom of worship.
of worship were they preach the word of God. xii. Right to marry/ raise a family.

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 xiii. Right of association.
xiv. Right to have basic needs / food/ shelter/ clothing.
xv. Right to security/ protection by the law.
xvi. Right to freedom of speech/ receive information/ expression.

2022 (b) Identify eight obstacles to effective maintenance of law and order in
Kenya today. (8marks).
i. There is delay in the delivery of justice to the offended.
ii. There is inadequate modern equipment.
iii. There is a high rate of unemployment.
iv. Greed for material wealth/ power.
v. Due to some cultural beliefs/ practices.
vi. Increased rate of crime that has overwhelmed law enforcement agencies
Some Law breakers can access sophisticated weapons.
vii. Due to unequal distribution of resources.
viii. Bribery/ corruption in the society.
ix. Incitement by politicians/ political instability.
x. Discrimination based on ethnicity/ race gender/ religion.
xi. Permissiveness/breaking away from traditional norms values.
xii. Misuse of advanced technology.
xiii. Citizen lacks knowledge of the procedure on effective maintenance of
law and order.
xiv. Extreme poverty. (8x1=8marks)

2022 (c) Give six reasons why a Christian should not take part in mob justice.
(6 marks)
i. Mob justice is against the teachings of Jesus/ lacks love.
ii. It is impulsive/ based on emotions/ does not give room to reason.
iii. It does not give room for forgiveness/ reconciliation/ rehabilitation.
iv. It is a form of revenge/ can lead to revenge/ retaliation.
v. Mob justice is sometimes fueled by lies/ malice/incitement.
vi. It can lead to destruction of property/ physical injuries/loss of human
life.
vii. Mob justice does not give the victim a chance to defend himself/
herself/ the person could be innocent.
viii. It can lead to bitterness/regret/ psychological suffering.

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