Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 0 views

    Ch13_Buckling of Columns

    Uploaded by

    백주환

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ch13_Buckling of Columns

    Uploaded by

    백주환
    0 views12 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    0 views12 pages

    Ch13_Buckling of Columns

    Uploaded by

    백주환

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 12

    Chapter 13: Buckling of Columns

    Objectives
    ✓ Understand the behavior of columns and concept of critical load
    and buckling
    ✓ Determine the axial load needed to buckle a so-called ‘ideal’
    column
    ✓ Determine the ‘effective length’ of a column with various end-
    conditions

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 1


    13.1 Critical Load
    • Columns: is long slender members subjected to an axial compressive
    force
    • Buckling: is the lateral deflection that occurs

    ➢ Critical Load, Pcr


    • The maximum axial load that a column can support when it is on the
    verge of buckling is called the critical load.

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 2


    13.1 Critical Load

    • From the free-body diagram: kL


    2 P tan  = F = k   = k (L / 2) • Stable equilibrium : P 
    4
    • For small θ, tan θ ≈ θ,
    kL
    2 P = k (L / 2 ) • Unstable equilibrium : P 
    4
    P = kL / 4 (independent of  )

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 3


    13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports
    ➢ Ideal Column
    • It is perfectly straight before loading
    • Both ends are pin-supported
    • Loads are applied throughout the centroid of the cross section

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 4


    13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports

    • Some slender pin-connected


    members used in moving
    machinery, such as this short
    link, are subjected to
    compressive loads and thus
    act as columns.

    • Typical interior steel pipe


    columns used to support the
    roof of a single story building.

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 5


    13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports
    ➢ Behavior
    • When P < Pcr, the column remains straight.
    • When P = Pcr,
    d 2v
    EI 2 = M = − Pv
    dx
    d 2v  P 
    +  v = 0
    dx 2  EI 
     P   P 
    v = C1 sin  x  + C2 cos x 
     EI   EI 
    • Since v=0 at x=0, then C2 = 0
     P 
    • Since v=0 at x=L, then 1  C sin L  = 0
     EI 
     P 
    • Therefore, sin  L  = 0
     EI 
     P 
    • Which is satisfied if sin  L  = n
     EI 
    n 2 2 EI
    • Or P = L2 where n = 1,2,3,...
    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 6
    13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports

    • A column will buckle about the principal axis of the cross section having
    the least moment of inertia.

    • A column having a rectangular cross section,


    like a meter stick, as shown in Fig. 13-6,
    will buckle about the a-a axis, not the b-b axis.

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 7


    13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports

     2 EI
    • Smallest value at P is when n=1, thus Pcr =
    L2
     2E
    • Corresponding stress is  cr =
    (KL / r )2
    • Where r = I / A is called ‘radius of gyration’

    • (L/r) is called the ‘slenderness ratio.’

    • The critical-stress curves are hyperbolic,

    valid only for σcr is below yield stress

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 8


    13.3 Columns Having Various Types of
    Supports

    • The tubular columns used to support


    this water tank have been braced at
    three locations along their length to
    prevent them from buckling.

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 9


    13.3 Columns Having Various Types of
    Supports
    ➢ Columns having various end-conditions
    • Consider the moment-deflection equation for the cantilevered column,
    which is fixed at the base.
    d 2v
    EI 2 = P( − v )
    dx
    P
    EIV + 2 v = 2 where 2 =
    EI
    • The solution is v = C1 sin (x ) + C2 cos(x ) + 

    • Since v = 0 at x = 0, so that C2 = −

    • Also, v' = C1 cos(x ) − C2  sin (x )

    • Since v’ = 0 at x = 0, so that C1 = 0

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 10


    13.3 Columns Having Various Types of
    Supports

    • Hence v =  1 − cos(x )x = 0

    • Since v = δ at x = L, thus
     cos(L ) = 0
    n
     cos(L ) = 0 or L =
    2
    • The smallest critical load occurs when n = 1, thus
     2 EI  2 EI
    Pcr = or Pcr = (with K = 2)
    4L 2
    (KL )2

    • K is called the ‘effective-length factor’

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 11


    13.3 Columns Having Various Types of
    Supports
    ➢ Specific values of K

    Solid Mechanics (edited by Byoung-Ho Choi) Page 12

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy