12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 383

9. ENGINEERING MECHANICS

09. ENGINEERING MECHANICS

PWD JE 2023
1. A hollow rectangular section has outer depth 10 The parallel axis theorem states that the mo-
cm and width 5 cm. The all-round thickness of the ment of inertia about any axis parallel to the
section is 1 cm. Find the moment of inertia (in centroidal axis is equal to the moment of iner-
cm4) about horizontal axis passing through the tia about the centroidal axis plus the product
centroid. of the area and the square of the distance be-
[PWD JE 2023] tween the two axes.
A. 3464/12 cm4 B. 1928/12 cm4
4. A rectangular section is divided into 4 equal areas
C. 3464/3 cm4 D. 1928/3 cm4
and the distance of each area from y axis is k1 and
Correct Answer : A distance of each area from x axis is k2. The radius
2. An irregular solid object is divided into three equal of gyration for the rectangular area from x axis is -
areas of 10 mm2. The radius of gyration from an -------.
axis is 10 mm. The moment of inertia of the lamina [PWD JE 2023]
will be --------. A. K1- k2 B. K1 C. K2 D. K1+ k2
[PWD JE 2023]
A. 9000 mm4 B. 1000 mm4 Correct Answer : C
C. 1500 mm4 D. 3000 mm4 5. For the calculation of moment of inertia of chan-
Correct Answer : D nel section, the channel section is divided into --
Three equal areas (A) = 10 mm² each ------.
Radius of gyration (k) = 10 mm [PWD JE 2023]
Since the areas are equal, the total area (A) of A. minimum four rectangles
the lamina is 3×10 mm2=30 mm2 B. minimum three rectangles
Now, substituting the values into the formula: C. minimum two I sections
I=A×k2 I = 30mm2×(10mm)2 I=30×100mm4 D. minimum two angle sections
I=3000mm4 Correct Answer : B
3. The moment of inertia of a symmetrical angle sec- The moment of inertia of a channel section can
tion about its centroidal axis is found using -------. be found if the total area is divided into three,
[PWD JE 2023] smaller ones, A, B, C, as shown in figure be-
A. law of symmetric sections low.
B. Betti's Law The final area, may be considered as the addi-
C. parallel axis theorem tive combination of A+B+C.
D. Macaulay theorem
Correct Answer : C
The moment of inertia of a symmetrical angle
section about its centroidal axis can be found
using the parallel axis theorem.
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 384

A. 106 mm4 B. 107 mm4

C. 105 mm4 D. 108 mm4
Correct Answer : B
𝑏ℎ3 120 × 1003
WRD CEA - 2023 𝐼= = = 10 × 1003
12 12
= 107 mm4
6. A triangular section have height 'h' and width of
base is 'b', then what will be the moment of inertia
of this section about its base?
[WRD CEA - 2023]
𝑏ℎ 2 𝑏ℎ 3 𝑏ℎ 3 𝑏ℎ 3
A. 6
B. 6
C. 12
D. 24

Correct Answer : C
7. Which type of beam is shown in given figure?
[WRD CEA - 2023]

A. Simply supported beam

B. Fixed beam
C. Overhanging beam
D. Cantilever beam
Correct Answer : B
8. What will be the moment of inertia about X-X axis,
for a given hollow circular section?
[WRD CEA - 2023]

𝜋 𝜋
A. 𝐼𝑋𝑋 = 24 (𝐷4 − 𝑑4 ) B. 𝐼𝑋𝑋 = 64 (𝐷4 − 𝑑4 )
𝜋 𝜋
C. 𝐼𝑋𝑋 = 16 (𝐷4 − 𝑑4 ) D. 𝐼𝑋𝑋 = 4 (𝐷4 − 𝑑4 )
Correct Answer : B
9. A triangular section is shown in figure, what will be
the moment of inertia about its base?
[WRD CEA - 2023]
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 385

Correct Answer : D
Moment of inertia about the base of rectangle
TCS PYQS is given by

10. 13What is the limitation of Lami's theorem? I = bh³/3

[WRD JE 2019] Where b= width of rectangle
A. Applicable to three concurrent forces h= depth of rectangle
B. Applicable to four concurrent forces
So
C. Applicable to collinear concurrent forces
D. Applicable to two concurrent forces I = 3×5³/3 =125m⁴

Correct Answer : A 13. The centroid of a semicircle having a radius of R

1. The three forces should be concurrent, from the diameter is:
that means their line of action meeting at [WRD JE 2019]
𝑅 3𝑅 4𝑅 2𝑅
a point. A. B. C. D.
4𝜋 4𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
2. The three forces of Lami's Theorem
Correct Answer : C
should be non-linear, which means their
line of action does not overlap each oth-
Shape Figure Area 𝑥̅ 𝑦̅
er. It means no angles between those
three forces should be equal to 180 in de- Semicircle 𝜋𝑅2 4𝑅 0
gree. 2 3𝜋

11. Which of the following statements is NOT correct

with respect to friction? Semicircle 𝜋𝑅2 0 4𝑅
[WRD JE 2019] 3𝜋
2
A. The ratio of normal reaction to limiting friction
Quadrant 𝜋𝑅2 4𝑅 4𝑅
is called the coefficient of friction.
B. The force of friction does not depend on the 4 3𝜋 3𝜋
area of contact.
Semi- 𝜋𝑎𝑏 0 4𝑏
C. The magnitude of limiting friction bears a con-
elliptical 2 3𝜋
stant ratio to the normal reaction between the
area
two surfaces.
Parabola 1 3𝑏 3ℎ
D. The static friction is slightly less than the limit- 𝑏ℎ
3 4 10
ing friction.
Correct Answer : A
1. The force of friction does not depend on
the area of contact. 14. Moment of inertia of a triangle about its centroid is
2. The magnitude of limiting friction bears a given by:
constant ratio to the normal reaction be- [WRD JE 2019]
tween the two surfaces. (Where, B = base width and H = height of the tri-
3. The static friction is slightly less than the angle)
𝐻𝐵 3 𝐵𝐻 3 𝐻𝐵 3 𝐵𝐻 3
limiting friction. A. 𝐵. 𝐶. 𝐷.
36 12 12 36
4. Ratio of Limiting friction to normal reac-
Correct Answer : D
tion is called the coefficient of friction .
The moment of inertia of a triangular section
12. The moment of inertia of the following rectangle with respect to an axis through its centroid can
about the axis AA is: be calculated using the following formula:
[WRD JE 2019]
𝐵𝐻 3
𝐼 =
36
15. In tie following figure, centroids of the shaded area
from the reference axis are:
[WRD JE 2019]

A. 225 m4 B.
32 m4 C.
68 m4 D.
125 m⁴
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 386

Y
F1 , F2 , F3 all are at 1200 angle , so key are par-
4mm allel and also they passes through one point O
17. The maximum value of frictional force, which
4 comes into play when a body just begins to slide
mm
over the surface of the other body, is known as:
[WRD JE 2019]
X A. normal reaction B. angle of friction
7mm
35 25
C. coefficient of friction D. limiting friction
A. 𝑋̿ = 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌̿ = 𝑚𝑚
11 11 Correct Answer : D
31 20
B. 𝑋̿ = 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌̿ = 𝑚𝑚 The maximum friction force that comes into
11 11
35 20 play when body just starts moving is the limit-
C. 𝑋̿ = 21 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌̿ = 21 𝑚𝑚 ing condition of static friction.
41
D. 𝑋̿ = 11 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌̿ = 11 𝑚𝑚
30 It is also called limiting friction.
limiting friction = fmax=μ ×N
Correct Answer : B
18. Calculate the centroid distance from the diamet-
Y
ric axis of a semi-circular lamina if its radius R = 30
4mm
cm.
[WRD JE 2019]
40 80
4
mm 1 A. ± 𝜋
𝑐𝑚 B. ± 𝜋
𝑐𝑚
2 30 160
C. ± 𝑐𝑚 D. ± 𝑐𝑚
𝜋 𝜋
3mm X Correct Answer : A
𝐴1 𝑦1 +𝐴2 𝑦2
𝑦̅ = Centroid distance from the diametric axis of
𝐴1 +𝐴2
1
4×4×2+ ×3×4×
4
20
semi-circular lamina = 4R/3π
2 3
= 1 = = 4×30/3π = 40/π
4×4+ ×3×4 11
2
1 3
𝐴1 ×1 + 𝐴2 ×2 4×4×3+ ×3×(4× )
4 3 19. A block of weight 600 N subjected to a horizontal
𝑥̅ = = 1
𝐴1 +𝐴2 4×4+ ×3×4
2 force of magnitude P N is resting on a horizontal
32+30 62 31
= 22 = surface. If the limiting friction value is 150 N for
16+6 11
the said block and the surface, calculate the coef-
16. The forces in a 'Tripod carrying a camera' is an ficient of friction between the surfaces of contact.
example of _____ [WRD JE 2019]
[WRD JE 2019] A. 0.25 B. 0.45 C. 0.90 D. 0.15
A. coplanar non-concurrent force systems
Correct Answer : A
B. coplanar concurrent force system
The value of limiting friction is given by
C. non-coplanar non-concurrent force system
Limiting friction F = μN
D. non-coplanar concurrent force system
where μ is static friction coefficient between
Correct Answer : D the body and the surface and is the N is the
A tripod carrying a camera is an example of normal reaction of the body to the surface.
force system representing Non coplanar con- Limiting friction F = μN.
current forces. 150=μ×600
(D) Tripod On which camera mounted μ= 0.25
Tripod has three legs and three legs are jointed
to point O. Each leg has one axial force 20. Calculate the moment of inertia of a right-angled
triangle ABC with respect to base AB. Take base
width AB = 3 cm and height AC = 4 cm.
[WRD JE 2019]
A. 16 cm4 B. 12 cm4 C. 14 cm4 D. 18 cm⁴
Correct Answer : A
Moment of inertia of Right angle triangle ABC
with respect to base Ab is
𝑏ℎ 3
𝐼 = 12
b = 3 cm, h = 4 cm
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 387

3×43 20 mm
= 12
= 16 𝑐𝑚4
C

100 1
4 cm

2 20 mm

60 mm
A 3 cm B
𝐴1 × 1 + 𝐴2 × 2
𝑥̅ =
𝐴1 + 𝐴2
21. An object is subjected to a system of concurrent
2000 + 10 + 1200 × 50
forces as shown in the given figure. Calculate the = = 25𝑚𝑚
2000 + 1200
resolved component force 400 N in x direction. Here,
[WRD JE 2019] 20 𝐴2 ×𝑌2 ×𝐴1 𝑌1
Y 𝐴1 = 20 × 100 𝑥1 = 2
= 10 𝑦̅ = 𝐴1 +𝐴2
400 N 60
0N 𝐴2 = 20 × 60 𝑥2 = 20 + = 50
30 2
1200 × 10 + 2000 × 50
= = 35 𝑚𝑚
2000 + 1200
100 20
40
0
60
0
300 N 𝑦1 = = 50, 𝑦2 = = 10
X X
2 2
23. The moment of inertia of a triangular section hav-
ing base b and height h shown in the given figure
200 N
about an axis (VV) passing through its vertex and
A. 692.82 N B. 400 N parallel to the base is :
C. 200N D. 346.41 N [WRD JE 2019]
v v
Correct Answer : C
The resolved component force 400 N in × di-
rection is
1
h
= 400 × 10560 = 400 × 2 = 200 N

22. The centroid ( 𝒙, 𝒚 ) of the L- section shown in the

b
given figure from the reference axes x and y are: A.
𝑏ℎ 3
B.
𝑏ℎ 3
C.
𝑏ℎ 3
D.
𝑏ℎ 3
[WRD JE 2019] 8 12 36 4
20 mm Correct Answer : D
MI about vertex= bh^3/4.
MI about centroid=bh^3/36.
Mi about base=bh^3/12.

100 1 24. Which of the following is the limitation of Lami's

theorem?
[WRD JE 2019]
2 20 mm A. Applicable for coplanar concurrent system of
three forces
60 mm
B. Applicable for non-coplanar non-concurrent
A.𝑥 = 30mm and 𝑦 = 35mm force system of three forces
B. 𝑥 = 25 mm and 𝑦 = 35 mm C. Applicable for non-coplanar concurrent sys-
tem of three forces
𝐶. 𝑥 = 35mm and 𝑦 = 45mm
D. Applicable for colinear force system of two
𝐷. 𝑥 = 30mm and 𝑦 = 30mm forces
Correct Answer : B Correct Answer : A
The three forces should be coplanar, which
means they must lie in the same plane. Forces
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 388

should be concurrent, which means their line 27. The branch of engineering mechanics that deals
of action must meet at a single point. Three with the forces and their effect acting upon the
forces should be in equilibrium. body at rest are called:
[WRD JE 2019]
25. A plane lamina of 220 mm radius is shown in the
A. statistics B. kinematics
figure given below. Find the centroidal distance y.
C. dynamics D. statics
[WRD JE 2019]
o Correct Answer : D
600 Statics: It is a branch of mechanics which
ȳ deals with the study of material objects at rest.
m
0m

• An object can be at rest, even when a number

22

of forces acting on it are in equilibrium.

• Statics is the branch of mechanics which
deals with the study of the motion of objects
under the effect of forces in equilibrium. Here,
the time factor does not play any role.
A. 140 mm B. 130 mm Dynamics: It is that branch of mechanics
C. 120 mm D. 150 mm which deals with the study of the motion of ob-
Correct Answer : A jects taking into account the factors which
A plane lamina of 220 mm radius is hsown in cause motion.
figure given below
28. Two unlike parallel forces of magnitude 300 N and
Find the centre of gravity of lamina from the
50 N are acting in such a way that their lines of ac-
point O
tion are 100 mm apart . Determine the magnitude
As the lamina is symmetrical about y-y axis ,
of the resultant force and the point at which its
bisecting the lamina , therefore its centre of
acts
gravity lies on this axis . Let O be the reference
A. 20 mm B. 18 mm
point. From the geometry of the lamina .We
C. 13.4 mm D. 11.1 mm
find that semi- vertical angle of the lamina
𝜋 Correct Answer : A
𝛼 = 300 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑 R
6 50
We know that distance between the reference
point O and centre of gravity of the lamina A
B
2𝑟 sin 𝛼 2 × 220 sin 300 x
𝑦̅ = = × 𝜋 300
3 𝛼 3 (6)
100
440 0.5 Resultant = 300 – 50
= × 𝜋 = 140 𝑚𝑚
3 ( ) R = 250 K --------1.
6 Σ 𝑀𝐴 = 0.
26. Find the moment of inertia of a rectangle shown in −50 × 100 + 250 × 𝑥 = 0
the figure about the axis AB. 𝑥 = 20 𝑚𝑚 --------2.
[WRD JE 2019] From equation 1 & 2 the magnitude of result-
ant & distance where it act from A is 250 N &
20 mm resp.
29. A vehicle was stopped in 1.4 seconds by fully
jamming the breaks and the skid marks measured
7.0 m, Determine the average skid resistance..
A. 64 m4 B.
84 m4 C.
36 m4 D. 16 m4 A. 0.70 B. 0.729 C. 0.730 D. 0.69
Correct Answer : A Correct Answer : B
11𝑎𝑙 axis theorem According to equation of motion
∴ 𝐼𝐺 + 𝐴𝑏 2 V = u + at
𝑏𝑑 3
= 12
+ 𝑏 × 𝑑 × (ℎ2 ) Initially u = ?, Finaly velocity v = 0
43 ×3 𝑇 = 1. 4 𝑠𝑒𝑐
= + 4 × 3 × (2)2
12 5 = 7𝑚
= 16 + 46 = 64 𝑚4 𝑉 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
0 = 𝑢 + 𝑎(1.4)
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 389

𝑢 = 1.4 𝑎
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + ½ 𝑎𝑡 2
1
7 = −14𝑎 × 1.4 + 2 𝑎 × (14)2 2m
𝑎 = −7.14 x x
𝑎 (−7.14)
Resistance 𝑓 = − 𝑔 = 9.81
𝑓 = 0.728 3m
A. 6.5 m4 B.
2 m4 C.
0.67 m4 D. 4 m⁴
30. Find the centre of gravity of a segment of height 50
mm of a sphere of radius 80 mm. Correct Answer : C
A. 49.3 mm B. 55 mm Solution
C. 45 mm D. 47.76 mm Moment of inertia of a triangle about its cen-
troid
Correct Answer : D
𝑏ℎ3
31. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a 𝐼𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑 =
36
couple in engineering mechanics? 3 × 23 24
= = = 0.67 𝑚4
A. The algebraic sum of the moments of the forc- 36 36
es, constituting the couple. about any point is
33. The forces generated in a ‘Tripod carrying a cam-
the same and equal to the resultant of the
era' is an example of:
couple itself.
A. coplanar concurrent force system
B. The algebraic sum of the forces. constituting
B. non-coplanar concurrent force system
the couple is zero.
C. non-concurrent non-coplanar force system
C. Any number of coplanar couples can be re-
D. coplanar non-concurrent force system
duced to a single couple, whose magnitude
will be equal to the algebraic sum of the mo- Correct Answer : B
ments of all the couples. Tripod on which camera mounted.
D. A couple cannot be balanced by a single force Tripod has three legs and three legs are jointed
but it can be balanced only by a couple of op- to point O. Each leg has one axial force.
posite sense. F1, F2, F3 all are at 120° angle, so key are par-
allel and also they passes through one point O
Correct Answer : A
Characteristics of a couple:A couple (whether 34. Which of the following expressions is correct, to
clockwise or anticlockwise) has the following compute moment of inertia about diametric axis
characteristics: of a circular lamina with radius R mm?
The algebraic sum of the forces, constitut- [WRD JE 2019]
𝜋𝑅 2 𝜋𝑅 4
ing the couple, is zero. A. mm 4
B. mm 4
4 8
The algebraic sum of the moments of the 𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝑅 4
C. mm4 D. mm⁴
forces, constituting the couple, about any 12 4
point is the same, and equal to the mo- Correct Answer : D
ment of the couple itself. Moment of inertia of different section
A couple cannot be balanced by a single Shape of 𝐼𝑁𝐴 𝑌𝑚𝑎𝑥 Z
force. But it can be balanced only by a cross-section
couple of opposite senses. Rectangle 𝑏𝑑3 𝑑 𝑏𝑑2
Any no. of co-planer couples can be re- 𝐼= 𝑌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑍=
12 2 6
duced to a single couple, whose magni- Circular 𝜋 𝑑 𝜋 3
𝐼= 𝑌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑍= 𝐷
tude will be equal to the algebraic sum of 64 2 32
4
the moments of all the couples. 𝐷
Triangular 𝐵𝑑3 𝑌𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐵𝑑2
32. Find the moment of inertia of a triangle shown in 𝐼= 2ℎ 𝑍 =
36 = 24
the figure about its centroidal axis XX. 3
35. Which of the following expressions is correct to
compute moment of inertia about diametric axis
of a semicircular lamina with radius R mm?
[WRD JE 2019]
𝜋𝑅 2 𝜋𝑅 4
A. mm 4
B. mm 4
2 4
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 390

𝜋𝑅 4 𝜋𝑅 3 = 500 𝑁
C. mm4 D. mm⁴
8 36 Apply lamis thermo at c
Correct Answer : C
Area moment of inertia is given by, T3
I = A × k² T2
60
0
60
0

Where A is area of the section and k is radius of 0

120
0
120
the gyration of the section. C
For circular section, k = D/4
Calculation:
500 N
Given: 𝑇2 𝑇3
=
A= πD²/8 𝑠𝑖𝑛12 𝑠𝑖𝑛12°
𝑇3
I = A × k²= πD²/8 × (D/4)² 𝑇3 = = 500
𝑠𝑖𝑛12°
= πD⁴/128
But D= 2R 37. Identify whether the given statements with respect
I = πR⁴/8 to effect of force system are correct or incorrect.
[WRD JE 2019]
36. A string ABCD is subjected to two point loads as A. A coplanar concurrent force system acting on
shown in the given figure. Calculate the tension an object induces rotational effect on it.
force in segment CD. B. A coplanar concurrent force system acting on
[WRD JE 2019] an object induces both, translational and rota-
A B tional effect on it.
30
0
A. Both statements are correct
120 0 D B. Statement B is correct and A is incorrect
C. Statement A is correct and B is incorrect
60 0 D. Both statements are incorrect
500 N 3
C Correct Answer : D

500 N
A. 500N B. 424N C. 340 N D. 250 N A. A coplanar concurrent force system acting on
Correct Answer : A
an object induces rotational effect on it.
Correct. A coplanar concurrent force system
A
0
B consists of multiple forces acting on a single
30 T1
object at a common point but with different di-
120 0 D rections. Since these forces do not have the
same line of action, they create a net torque
60 0
500 N T2 T3
(moment) about the common point. As a re-
C sult, the object will experience a rotational ef-
fect or tend to rotate.
500 N
B. A coplanar concurrent force system acting on
Apply lamis 𝑡ℎ𝑚 at B an object induces both, translational and rota-
tional effect on it.
T1
Correct. A coplanar concurrent force system
0
30 can induce both translational and rotational
0

0
120 effects on an object. When the forces are not
150
balanced (i.e., there is a net force acting on the
600
object), the object will experience translational
motion in the direction of the net force. Addi-
T2
500 N tionally, as mentioned in statement A, the sys-
𝑇 𝑇2 500 tem also induces a rotational effect due to the
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛1 = = 𝑠𝑖𝑛/50
60 𝑠𝑖𝑛150 net torque caused by the non-collinear forces.
𝑇1 500
𝑠𝑖𝑛60
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛 So, the object can undergo both linear motion
150
𝑇1 = 866.02 𝐾𝑁 and rotation simultaneously under the influ-
500 ence of such a force system.
𝑇2 = × 𝑠𝑖𝑛150
𝑠𝑖𝑛150
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 391

Therefore, both statements A and B are cor-

rect.
38. A triangular lamina with base width b = 30 mm and
height d = 90 mm is shown in the given figure. The
location of centroid measured with respect to its
base b is at a distance of ________ mm. 45 60
[WRD JE 2019] A. 𝜋
B. 60𝜋 C. 𝜋
D. 45𝜋
Correct Answer : C
4𝑅 4×45
𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 3𝜋
= 3𝜋
r = 45 mm
60
= 𝑚𝑚
𝜋

41. A triangular lamina with base width b = 40 mm and

height d =60 mm is shown in the figure below. The
A. 15.00 B. 45.00 C. 30.00 D. 60.00 location of the centroid measured with respect to
Correct Answer : C its apex is at a distance of _____.
The location of centroid in triangular lamina [WRD JE 2019]
with respect to base is at a distance ⅓ depth
from base of triangle
=90/3 =30mm from base
39. Which of the following expressions is correct. to
compute the moment of inertia of a rectangular
lamina ABCD, about an axis parallel to base AB
and passing through the centroid?
[WRD JE 2019] A. 33.33 mm B. 20.00 mm
Consider base width AB = b mm and depth AD = d C. 40.00 mm D. 30.00 mm
mm. Correct Answer : C
𝑏𝑑 3 𝑏𝑑 3 𝑏𝑑 3 𝑏𝑑 3
A. 𝑚𝑚4 B. 𝑚𝑚4 C. 𝑚𝑚4D. 𝑚𝑚4 C.G. of triangular lamina wrt apex = ⅔ *h
3 36 16 12
⅔* 60= 40 mm
Correct Answer : D
Moment of inertia (I) 42. Calculate the moment of inertia of a rectangular
lamina ABCD with respect to base AB, take base
width AB=CD=2 cm and height AD=BC=3 cm.
[WRD JE 2019]
A. 18 cm4 B. 22 cm4 C. 16 cm4 D. 20 cm⁴
Correct Answer : A
Given
D C
The moment of inertia (MOI) of a rectangle of
width b and height d , about each of its cen-
3m
troidal axis is
𝑏𝑑 2 𝑑𝑏3
𝐼𝑥𝑥 = 12 and 𝐼𝑦𝑦 = 12 , where b = width and d
= depth of the section A 2m B

40. A quarter of a circular lamina with radius r = 45 MI about of rect. Lamir

𝑏𝑑 3 2×33
mm is shown in the figure below. The location of = = = 18 𝑐𝑚4
3 3
the centroid measured with respect to its diamet-
ric X-axis is at a distance of _________ mm 43. Identify the type of force system shown in the fig-
[WRD JE 2019] ure below.
[WRD JE 2019
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 392

𝑑𝑃
⟹𝐾=−
𝑑𝑉
𝑉
As we know the dimension of volume is
⟹ 𝑉 = [𝐿3 ]
The dimension of pressure is
⟹ 𝑃 = [𝑀𝐿−1 𝑇 −2 ]
Therefore , the dimension of the bulk modulus
is
⟹ 𝐾 = [𝑀𝐿−1 𝑇 −2 ]
Correct Answer : 1
A. Non-coplanar force system This type of raft foundation is supported on
B. Parallel force system piles. A piled raft is used when the soil at a
C. Concurrent force system shallow depth is highly compressible and the
D. Collinear force system water table is high.
Piles under raft help in reducing settlement
Correct Answer : C
and provides resistance against buoyancy.
The Force system is classified according to the
orientation of the line of action forces acting on 45. An object of weight 100 N is kept in position on a
that body. plane inclined 550 to the horizontal by a horizon-
Coplanar forces and Non-coplanar forces tally applied force (F). If the angle of friction of the
surface of the inclined plane is 10°, determine the
In coplanar forces, the line of action of all forc-
minimum magnitude of the force (F) .
es is lying on the same plane. If the lines of ac-
[WRD JE 2019]
tion of all the forces are lying on a different
A. 85 N B. 100 N C. 70N D. 50N
plane, then they are called non- coplanar forc-
es. Correct Answer : B
Concurrent and Non-concurrent types of force 46. A unit vector is defined as:
system [WRD JE 2019]
If the line of action of all forces passes through A. a vector which are acting in the same direction
a single point then the force system is called a B. a vector which are perpendicular to each other
concurrent force system. Similarly, if the line of C. a vector whose magnitude is unity
action of all forces does not pass through a D. a vector which are parallel to each other
single point, then they are called non- Correct Answer : C
concurrent forces. A unit vector is a vector that has a magnitude
A parallel system of forces of 1. Or
In a parallel system of forces, the line of ac- Any vector can become a unit vector by divid-
tions of all forces is parallel to each other. The ing it by the vector's magnitude.
parallel system is again classified into like and Effective length of prismatic Steel structure
unlike. If the forces are in the same direction
47. compression steel member having an unsupport-
then it is like a parallel system and if the forces
ed length L restrained at one end and free at the
are in opposite direction then it is unlike a par-
other end against both translation and rotation is:
allel system. [WRD JE 2019]
General Force: A. 1.2 L B. 2.0 L C. 0.8 L D. 1.0L
A system of which is non-concurrent and non- Correct Answer : B
parallel is called a general force system. Degree of end restraint Theoreti- Rec-
44. Determine the dimensions of bulk modulus in M- cal value om-
L-T system? mend-
[MHADA AE 2022] ed val-
A. MLT-2 ue
B. ML-1T-2 Effectively held in posi- 0.50L 0.65L
C. ML-1 tion and restrained
D. ML-2 against rotation at both
ends.
Correct Answer : B
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 393

1.Intermediate transverse web stiffner:To im-

Effectively held in posi- 0.70L 0.80L prove the buckling strength of slender
tion and restrained web due to shear
against rotation at one 2.Load carrying stiffner:To prevent the local
end buckling of web due to concentrated
Effectively held in posi- 1.00L 1.00L load.
tion at both ends, but 3.Bearing stiffner: To prevent the local crush-
not restrained against ing of web due to concentrated load .
rotation 4.Torsional stiffner:To provide torsional re-
Effectively held in posi- 1.00L 1.20L straint to beams and girders at support
tion and restrained 49. In steel structure, the thickness of a flat lacing bar
against rotation at one shall NOT be less than _______ of its effective
end and at other end length for single lacings and ______ of its effective
restrained against rota- length for double lacings.
tion but not held in posi- A. one-tenth; one-twentieth
tion B. one-twentieth; one-thirtieth
Effectively held in posi- - 1.50L C. one-fortieth; one-sixtieth
tion and restrained D. one-thirtieth; one-fiftieth
against rotation at one
Correct Answer : C
end and at other end
The thickness of the lacing flat for a single lac-
partially restrained
ing system should be less than 1/40 of its ef-
against rotation but not
fective length and for a double lacing system, it
held in position
should be less than 1/60 of its effective length.
Effectively held in posi- 2.00L 2.00L
tion at one end but not 50. As per the limit state design of steel beams, which
restrained against rota- of the following classified sections based on their
tion and at other end yield moment, plastic moment, and rotational ca-
restrained against rota- pacity. the material is used effectively and
tion but not held in posi- stressed to the maximum extent?
tion. [WRD JE 2019]
Effectively held in posi- 2.00L 2.00L A. Compact section
tion and restrained B. Plastic section
against rotation at one C. Semi compact section
end and at other end not D. Slender section
held in position and not Correct Answer : B
restraint against rota- IS 800:2007, classified the cross sections into
tion. four classes depending upon the material yield
Where L is the unsupported length of column. strength and width to thickness ratio of the in-
For battened struts, the effective length should dividual components within the cross section
be increased by 10%. and loading arrangement.
The basic characteristics of these four classes
48. What is the function of an intermediate transverse
are given below:
web stiffener?
[WRD JE 2019] A) Plastic or Class I section:
A. To prevent local buckling of the web due to 1. It has the capacity to develop plastic hinge
concentrated loading. and collapse mechanism.
B. To provide local reinforcement to a web under 2. They are fully effective in pure compression
shear and bearing. and capable to reaching the full plastic
C. To improve the buckling strength of a slender moment in bending and hence, used in
web due to shear. plastic design.
D. To prevent local crushing of the web due to
B) Compact or Class 2 Section:
concentrated load
1. It has the capacity to form plastic hinge but
Correct Answer : C does not have capacity to develop col-
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 394

lapse mechanism because of local buck- As per IS 800:2007, the maximum effective
ling. slenderness ratio for members which are al-
2. They have lower deformation capacity but ways under tension (other than pretensioned
also fully effective in pure compression members) is 400.
and are capable of reaching their full In order to provide adequate rigidity to prevent
plastic moment in bending. undesirable lateral movement or excessive vi-
C) Semi- Compact or Class 3 Section: brations. design specifications usually limit
slenderness ratio for tension members.
1. It has capacity to develop yield moment on-
ly and local buckling is liable to prevent 52. Which of the following statements are cor-
the development of the plastic moment rect/incorrect with respect to strength of tension
resistance. members made of steel?
2. They are also fully effective in pure com- [WRD JE 2019]
pression but local buckling prevents the Statement A: The presence of holes in a tension
attainment of the full plastic moment in member reduces its strength.
bending. Bending moment resistance in Statement B: The unit stress in a tension member
these cross-sections is limited to yield calculated using net sectional area is less
moment only. than that of gross sectional area.
D) Slender or Class 4 Section: A. Statement B is correct and A is incorrect
B. Both the statements are correct
1. These section fails before reaching the yield
C. Both the statements are incorrect
stress i.e. local buckling will occur even
D. Statement A is correct and B is incorrect
before the attainment of the yield stress
in extreme fiber. Correct Answer : D
2. An effective cross-section is defined based The unit stress in a tension member calculated
on the width to thickness ratio of the indi- using net sectional area is greater than that of
vidual plate elements and this is used to gross sectional area.
determine the resistance of cross- 53. 'What is the maximum slenderness ratio of a steel
section. tension member in which a reversal of direct
Among all these sections Plastic, Compact stress due to loads other than wind or seismic
and semi-compact can be used as compres- forces occurs?
sion member but slender section cannot be [WRD JE 2019]
used as compression member because mem- A. 400 B. 180 C. 150 D. 350
ber fails by buckling before reaching its yield
Correct Answer : B
strength.
As per IS 800: 2007 limit of slenderness ratio
51. Which of the following statements are cor- for tension member where reversal of stress is
rect/incorrect with respect to maximum effective due to loads other than wind or seismic shall
slenderness ratio for tension members (steel sec- not exceed 180.
tions) ? Refer table 3 of IS800: 2007, we get following
[WRD JE 2019] values of maximum slenderness ratios for ten-
Statement A: As per IS 800:2007, the maximum sion members:
effective slenderness ratio for members which Maximum Slenderness Ratios for tension mem-
are always under tension (other than preten- bers
sioned members) is 400. A tension member in which reversal of
Statement B: In order to provide adequate rigidity stress due to loads other than wind or 180
to prevent undesirable lateral movement or seismic loads.
excessive vibrations. design specifications A member normally acting as a tie in roof
usually limit slenderness ratio for tension truss or a bracing system but subjected to
members. 350
reversal of stresses resulting from the ac-
A. Both the statements are correct tion of wind or earthquake forces.
B. Statement B is correct and A is incorrect Tension Members (other than pre-
C. Statement A is correct and B is incorrect 400
tensioned members)
D. Both the statements are incorrect
54. The following statements are related to steel
Correct Answer : A
beam.
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 395

1. A steel beam with a perforated web is called a A. 2.5 B. 0.90 C. 0.5 D. 1.5
encased beam. Correct Answer : D
2. A steel beam totally surrounded by concrete is Concept:
called castellated beam Shape Factor, SF = (𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡)/
Select the correct option. (𝑌𝑒𝑖𝑙𝑑 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡)
A. Both statements are false. Plastic Moment Mp = Zp fy
B. Statement 1 is true and 2 is false. Yield Moment Me = Ze fy
C. Statement 1 is false and 2 is true. Where,
D. Both statements are true. Zp is plastic section modulus
Correct Answer : A Ze is the elastic section modulus
Statement 1 is incorrect fy is yield stress.
When a steel beam is encased in cement con- SF = Zp/Ze
crete throughout the entire length, it is called i.e., Shape factor is the ratio of Plastic Section
an encased beam Modulus to the Elastic section Modulus.
Statement 2 is incorrect The shape factor of every type of cross-section
A beam with number of regular openings in its is always greater than 1 because it represents
web is called castellated beam. A castellated the reserve strength of material beyond yield
beam is formed by flame cutting a single rolled point to reach plastic stage.
wide flange beam in a definite predetermined A more shape factor means more reserves
pattern and then rejoining the segments by strength beyond yield point to reach plastic
welding to form a regular pattern of holes in the stage.
web. The shape factor of some cross-section is giv-
en below:
55. The permissible stress in axial steel tension mem-
Rectangular section - 1.5
ber whose yield stress is 100 MPa is ________.
Triangular section - 2.34
A. 60 B. 70 C. 40 D. 50
Thin Hollow tube -1.27
Correct Answer : A Solid circular section -1.7
permissible stress in axial steel tension mem-
ber = 0.6fy = 0.6×100= 60 MPa 58. Which of the following welds is specified by pene-
The permissible stresses for a steel member tration depth?
[WRD JE 2019]
are given in the below table:
A. Fillet weld B. Butt weld
Steel member Permissible stress
C. Slot weld D. Plug weld
In axial tension 0.6 fy
In axial compression 0.6 fy Correct Answer : B
In bending 0.66 fy The size of a butt weld is specified by the effec-
In bearing 0.75 fy tive throat thickness. The effective throat
thickness in case of complete penetration butt
In average shear 0.4 fy
weld is taken as the thickness of thinner part
In maximum shear 0.45 fy
joined. The double V, double U, double J and
56. Which type of bolt hole is more preferable to min- double bevel butt welds are the examples of
imise the deformation of the work plate? complete penetration butt weld.
[WRD JE 2019]
A. It depends on action of load 59. Identify the type of force system shown in the fig-
B. Drilled hole ure below
[WRD JE 2019]
C. Punched hole
D. It depends on bolt material
Correct Answer : B
To minimize deformation of the work-piece,
drilling is better.
To minimize heating of the work, e.g. to prevent
work hardening, punching is better.
57. In a steel structure, the ratio of plastic modulus to
elastic modulus for a rectangular section is______
[WRD JE 2019]
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 396

A. bh3/3 B. bh3/12 C. bh3/36 D. bh3/48

Correct Answer : C

65. The moment of inertia of a rectangle with breadth

(b) and deapth (d) about its base is (take base
along b)
(PWD 2018)
A. (bd3) /3 B. (bd3) /12
C. (bd3)/36) D. (bd3)/24
Correct Answer : A

A. Coplanar force system 66. The forces which do not meet at a point are called
B. Parallel force system (TP Asst. 2018)

C. Collinear force system A. Non-coplaner forces

D. Non-concurrent force system B. Coplaner forces
C. Non-concurrent forces
Correct Answer : A D. Concurrent forces
Correct Answer : C
OTHER PYQS
67. A solid circular cylinder has a diameter `D'. A hol-
60. In uniform circular motion which of the following low circular cylinder has an internal diameter `D'
happens? and has the same cross sectional area as the solid
(I) There is change in magnitude of velocity cylinder. Then the ratio of the moment of inertia of
(II) There is change in direction of velocity the hollow cylinder to that of solid cylinder, is
(PWD 2018) equal to
A. Only (I) B. Only (II) (TP Asst. 2018)
C. Both (I) and (II) D. Neither (I) nor (II) A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 8
Correct Answer : B Correct Answer : B

61. Polar moment of inertia is 68. The product of mass and velocity of a body is
(PWD 2018) called
A. Moment about XX axis (TP Asst. 2018)
B. Moment about YY axis A. Acceleration B. Velocity
C. Moment about XX axis + Moment about YY axis C. Momentum D. None of these
D. Moment about XX axis - Moment about YY axis Correct Answer : C
Correct Answer : C
69. A body is said to describe simple harmonic mo-
62. The section modulus for a circular section of di- tion, if it moves in a straight line such that
ameter D is given by (TP Asst. 2018)
(PWD 2018) A. Its acceleration is proportional to its distance
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
A. 𝐷4 B. 𝐷4 C. 𝐷3 D. 𝐷4 from a fixed point on the straight line and is di-
6 32 32 64
rected away from the fixed point
Correct Answer : C
B. Its velocity is proportional to its distance from
63. If two forces acting at a joint are not acting along a fixed point and is directed towards the fixed
the same straight line, then for equilibrium of the point
joint, C. Its velocity is proportional to its distance from
(PWD 2018) a fixed point and is directed away from the
A. Both forces must be zero fixed point
B. Forces must be equal but opposite in sign D. None of these
C. One of the forces must be zero Correct Answer : D
D. None of these
70. Limiting force of friction is defined as the frictional
Correct Answer : A
force which exists when a body
64. Moment of inertia of a triangular section with base (TP Asst. 2018)
"b" and height "h" about centre of gravity will be A. is moving with maximum velocity
(PWD 2018) B. is stationary
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 397

C. just begins to slide over the surface 78. A body has linear momentum of M and transla-
D. None of these tional kinetic energy of E. If the KE is 4E then the
Correct Answer : C linear momentum is
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018)
71. A rectangular section has dimensions of A. 0.5M B. 2M C. 4M D. 3M
𝟏𝟎𝒄𝒎 × 𝟐𝟎𝒄𝒎, The ratio of the moment of inertia
Correct Answer : B
about x-axis passing through its centroid to the
moment of inertia about y-axis passing through its 79. Force acting on a particle moving along a circular
centroid is equal to path at a constant speed is
(TP Asst. 2018) (Nagar Parishad Pre 2018)
A. 8 B. 4 C. 6 D. 2 A. Varying in magnitude and direction
Correct Answer : B B. Varying in magnitude only
C. Constant in magnitude only
72. If 'P' is the effort required to lift a load 'W', then D. Zero
mechanical advantage (M.A.) is given by
Correct Answer : C
(TP Asst. 2018)
A. P/W B. PW C. W/P D. 1/PW 80. When stability of structure as a whole against
Correct Answer : C overturning is considered, the restoring moment
shall not be less than
73. Two forces act at an angle of 120 degree. The big- (Nagar Parishad Mains 2018)
ger force is 60 N and the resultant is perpendicular A. 1.2 x maximum overturning moment due to
to smaller force "F". What is value of F? characteristic dead load + 1.4 x maximum
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018) overturning moment due to imposed loads
A. 30N B. 45N C. 37.32N D. 1IN B. 1.4 x maximum overturning moment due to
Correct Answer : A characteristic dead load + 1.2 x maximum
overturning moment due to imposed loads
74. A body was falling freely under gravity at velocity
C. 1.2 x maximum overturning moment due to
25m/s. What force is required to stop the body in 2
characteristic dead load + 1.2 x maximum
seconds, if mass of the body is 20kg?
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018) overturning moment due to imposed loads.
A. 389N B. 446N C. 100N D. Zero D. 1.4 x maximum overturning moment due to
characteristic dead load + 1.4 x maximum
Correct Answer : B
overturning moment due to imposed loads.
75. The dimensional relation for angular momentum is Correct Answer : A
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018)
A. 𝑀𝐿−2 𝑇 −1 B. 𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −1 81. The moment of a force about any point is times
C. ML T^(-1) D. 𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −2 the rate of a triangle whose base represents the
force and vertex opposite to base represents the
Correct Answer : B
moment center.
76. A body of mass 20 kg moves over smooth plane (WRD 2016)
whose equation of motion is S=10t+t2 A. Sixteen B. Four C. Two D. Eight
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018) Correct Answer : C
A. 40N B. 100N C. 60N D. 80N
82. Magnitude of equilibrant of two forces F1 and F2
Correct Answer : A
acting normally to each other is 50 kN. If magni-
77. A body experiences a constant acceleration for 20 tude of force F1 is 40 kN, then magnitude of force F
seconds after starting from rest. If the body travels will be
first S1 distance in 10 seconds and next S2 dis- (WRD 2016)
tance in 10 seconds, the relation between S1 and A. 30.00kN B. 1.33 Kn
S2 is C. 1200 kN D. 26.45 kN
(Nagar Parishad Pre 2018) Correct Answer : A
𝑆2
A. 𝑆1 = 𝑆2 B. 𝑆1 =
𝑆1
3 83. Moment of inertia of a rectangular section about
C. 𝑆1 = D. None of these an axis passing through its CG and parallel to its
2
Correct Answer : B breadth is__________ moment of inertia about an
axis passing through its CG and parallel to its
depth
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 398

A. None of these B. Greater than 92. Coefficient of friction is the

C. Less than D. Same as (PWD 2016)
Correct Answer : B A. Angle between normal reaction and the re-
sultant of normal reaction and the limiting fric-
84. If the resultant of the two forces has same magni- tion
tude as of the two forces, then angle between B. Ratio of limiting friction and normal reaction
those two forces will be C. The friction force acting when the body is just
(WRD 2016) about to ramie
A. 120 Degrees B. 60 Degrees D. The friction force acting when the body is in
C. 30 Degrees D. 90 Degrees motion
Correct Answer : A Correct Answer : B
85. Dynamic friction as compared to static friction is 93. Energy may be defined as
(PWD 2016)
(PWD.2016)
A. same B. more A. Power of doing work
C. less D. has no correlation B. Capacity of doing work
Correct Answer : C C. Rate of doing work
D. All the above.
86. The rate of change of displacement of a body with
respect to its surrounding is known Correct Answer : D
(PWD 2016)
94. Ratio of moment of inertia of a circular body about
A. Velocity B. Acceleration
its x-axis to that about y-aixs is
C. Speed D. None of these
(Pune MNC 2016)
Correct Answer : C A. 0.5 B. 2.2 C. 1.5 D. 1
87. When a body moves round a fixed axis, it Correct Answer : D
has__________. 95. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 2m. If
(PWD 2016)
there is no loss of velocity after rebounding, the
A. a rotary motion
ball will rise to a height of
B. a circular motion (Pune MNC 2016)
C. a translatory A. 2 m B. 3 m C. 1 m D. 4 m
D. a rotary motion and translatory motion.
Correct Answer : A
Correct Answer : B
96. The particle moves with a velocity of 2m/sec in a
88. The force which produces an acceleration of straight line with a negative acceleration of
1m/sec2 in a mass of one kg is called - 0.1m/sec2. The time required to travel a distance
(PWD 2016)
of 1.5m is
A. dyne B. Newton C. joule D. erg. (Pune MNC 2016)
Correct Answer : B A. 40 sec B. 30 sec C. 20 sec D. 15 sec
89. The units of inertia of mass are Correct Answer : C
(PWD 2016)
97. The S.I. unit of energy is
A. kg/m B. kg/m2 C. m3 D. kg-m2. (Parbhani MNC 2015)
Correct Answer : D A. Erg B. Calorie
C. Joule D. None of these
90. The velocity of a moving body _________ .
(PWD 2016) Correct Answer : C
A. a vector quantity B. a scalar quantity
98. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
C. a constant quantity D. None of these
(Parbhani MNC 2015)
Correct Answer : A A. Energy B. Momentum
C. Torque D. None of these
91. The C. G. of a right circular cone lies on its
axis of symmetry at a height of Correct Answer : A
(PWD 2016)
99. Impulse has the same unit as
A. h/2 B. h/3 C. h/4 D. h/5 (Parbhani MNC 2015)
Correct Answer : C A. Work B. Force
C. Momentum D. None of these
12000+ PYQs - Civil JE by Vishal Nawale Page | 399

Correct Answer : C 103. The path traced by a projectile in the sky is

(Pune MNC 2014)
100. The forces whose line of action lie on the same
A. Circular B. Parabolic
line are known as
C. Elliptical D. Catenary
(Parbhani MNC 2015)
A. Concurrent forces B. Coplanar forces Correct Answer : B
C. Equilibrium forces D. None of these 104. The motion of a particle round a fixed axis is
Correct Answer : D (Nashik ZP 2014)
A. translatory B. Rotary
101. Two balls of different mass (both more than 1kg)
C. Circular D. None of these
and M1>M2 dropped from same level at the same
time, will reach the ground at: Correct Answer : C
(PWD Nashik 2015) 105. When a body of mass ‘m’ attains a velocity `v'
A. M1 will reach first from rest in time 't', then the kinetic energy of
B. M2 will reach first translation is
C. Both will reach simultaneously (Nashik ZP 2014)
D. Depends on the height from which they are A. mv2 B. mgv2
dropped C. 0.5 mv2 D. 0.5 mgv2
Correct Answer : C Correct Answer : C
102. The unit of moment of inertia of an area is 106. Force X Distance at right angles
(Pune MNC 2014) (MIDC 2013)
A. kg-m2 B. kg-m-s2 C. kg/m2 D. m3 A. Moment B. Stress C. Torsion D. Shear
Correct Answer : A Correct Answer : A