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chap loop pdf

Uploaded by

asfiasiddique0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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LOOPS

A for loop in JavaScript is used to repeat a block of code a certain number of times. It's ideal
when you know in advance how many times the loop should run.

Basic Syntax:

javascript

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for (initialization; condition; increment) {

// Code to be executed

Breakdown:

Initialization: This step runs once before the loop starts. It's often used to declare and initialize a
loop counter, like let i = 0;.

Condition: Before each loop iteration, JavaScript checks this condition. If it's true, the code inside
the loop runs. If it's false, the loop stops.

Increment: After each iteration, this step is executed, often used to update the loop counter (e.g.,
i++).

Example:

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for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

console.log(i);
}

This loop will output 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. It starts with i = 0, checks if i < 5, and increments i by 1 on each
iteration.

How it Works:

The loop begins with i = 0.

It checks the condition i < 5. If true, the loop runs.

After executing the code block, it increments i by 1 (i++).

The process repeats until the condition becomes false (i.e., when i = 5).

Key Points:

You can loop through arrays using for loops.

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const array = [10, 20, 30];

for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {

console.log(array[i]);

You can also use different increments or even decrement:

javascript

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for (let i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

console.log(i);

This structure is fundamental in programming for repetitive tasks.


### **`for` Loop in JavaScript**

The `for` loop is one of the most commonly used loops in JavaScript. It is ideal when you know
how many times you want to execute a block of code.

#### **Syntax:**

```javascript

for (initialization; condition; iteration) {

// Code to be executed

```
**Explanation of Syntax:**

1. **Initialization**: This is where you define and initialize your loop control variable. It usually
runs once at the beginning of the loop.

2. **Condition**: The loop runs as long as this condition is `true`. Once it becomes `false`, the
loop stops.

3. **Iteration**: This part updates the loop control variable (usually increments or decrements)
after each iteration.

---

### **Example:**

```javascript

for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

console.log(i);

```

**Output:**

```

```

#### **Explanation:**
- **Initialization**: `let i = 1` sets the starting point for the loop, initializing `i` to 1.

- **Condition**: The loop runs as long as `i <= 5`. When `i` becomes greater than 5, the loop
stops.

- **Iteration**: After each iteration, `i++` increments `i` by 1.

- The code inside the loop (`console.log(i);`) is executed for each value of `i`.

---

### **Breaking it Down:**

1. **First iteration**:

- `i = 1`

- Condition `i <= 5` is true.

- Prints `1`, then increments `i` to `2`.

2. **Second iteration**:

- `i = 2`

- Condition `i <= 5` is true.

- Prints `2`, then increments `i` to `3`.

3. **Third iteration**:

- `i = 3`

- Condition `i <= 5` is true.

- Prints `3`, then increments `i` to `4`.

4. **Fourth iteration**:
- `i = 4`

- Condition `i <= 5` is true.

- Prints `4`, then increments `i` to `5`.

5. **Fifth iteration**:

- `i = 5`

- Condition `i <= 5` is true.

- Prints `5`, then increments `i` to `6`.

6. **Termination**:

- `i = 6`

- Condition `i <= 5` is false, so the loop stops.

---

### **Common Uses of `for` Loop:**

- Iterating over arrays:

```javascript

let colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];

for (let i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {

console.log(colors[i]);

```

**Output:**

```
red

green

blue

```

- Running a loop a fixed number of times:

```javascript

for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

console.log("Iteration: " + i);

```

---

### **Conclusion:**

The `for` loop is perfect when you know how many times a loop should run. It lets you initialize,
set a condition, and increment a control variable all in one line, making it concise and easy to
control the flow of the loop.

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