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ado .net module 3

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16 views

ADO

ado .net module 3

Uploaded by

muthukumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

ADO.

NET

ADO.NET is a set of classes (a framework) to interact with data sources such as


databases and XML files. ADO is the acronym for ActiveX Data Objects.
It allows us to connect to underlying data or databases. It has classes and methods to
retrieve and manipulate data.

The following are a few of the .NET applications that use ADO.NET to connect to a
database, execute commands and retrieve data from the database.

● ASP.NET Web Applications


● Console Applications
● Windows Applications.

Various Connection Architectures

There are the following two types of connection architectures:

1. Connected architecture: the application remains connected with the


database throughout the processing.

2. Disconnected architecture: the application automatically


connects/disconnects during the processing. The application uses
temporary data on the application side called a DataSet.
Understanding ADO.NET and it's class library

In this diagram, we can see that there are various types of applications (Web
Application, Console Application, Windows Application and so on) that use ADO.NET to
connect to databases (SQL Server, Oracle, OleDb, ODBC, XML files and so on).

Important Classes in ADO.NET

We can also observe various classes in the preceding diagram. They are:

1. Connection Class
2. Command Class
3. DataReader Class
4. DataAdaptor Class
5. DataSet.Class

1. Connection Class

In ADO.NET, we use these connection classes to connect to the database. These


connection classes also manage transactions and connection pooling.

2. Command Class
The Command class provides methods for storing and executing SQL statements and
Stored Procedures. The following are the various commands that are executed by the
Command Class.

● ExecuteReader: Returns data to the client as rows. This would typically be


an SQL select statement or a Stored Procedure that contains one or more
select statements. This method returns a DataReader object that can be
used to fill a DataTable object or used directly for printing reports and so
forth.
● ExecuteNonQuery: Executes a command that changes the data in the
database, such as an update, delete, or insert statement, or a Stored
Procedure that contains one or more of these statements. This method
returns an integer that is the number of rows affected by the query.
● ExecuteScalar: This method only returns a single value. This kind of query
returns a count of rows or a calculated value.
● ExecuteXMLReader: (SqlClient classes only) Obtains data from an SQL
Server 2000 database using an XML stream. Returns an XML Reader
object.
3. DataReader Class

The DataReader is used to retrieve data. It is used in conjunction with the


Command class to execute an SQL Select statement and then access the returned
rows.

4. DataAdapter Class

The DataAdapter is used to connect DataSets to databases. The DataAdapter is most


useful when using data-bound controls in Windows Forms, but it can also be used to
provide an easy way to manage the connection between your application and the
underlying database tables, views and Stored Procedures.

5. DataSet Class

The DataSet is the heart of ADO.NET. The DataSet is essentially a collection of


DataTable objects. In turn each object contains a collection of DataColumn and
DataRow objects. The DataSet also contains a Relations collection that can be used
to define relations among Data Table Objects.

How to Connect to a Database using ADO.NET

Now let us learn how to connect to a database using ADO.NET.

To create a connection, you must be familiar with connection strings.


A connection string is required as a parameter to SQLConnection. A ConnectionString
is a string variable (not case sensitive).
This contains key and value pairs, like provider, server, database, userid and word as
in the following:
Server="nameof the server or IP Address of the server"

Database="name of the database"

userid="user name who has permission to work with database"

word="the word of userid"Example

SQL Authentication

String constr="server=.; database=institute; user id=rakesh; word=abc@123";

Or:

String constr="data source=.; initial catalog=institute; uid=rakesh;pwd=abc@213";

Windows Authentication

String constr="server=.; database=institute; trusted_connection=true"

Or:

String constr="server=.; initial catalog=institute; integrated security=true"


How to retrieve and display data from a database

1. Create a SqlConnection object using a connection string.

2. Handle exceptions.

3. Open the connection.

4. Create a SQLCommand. To represent a SQLCommand like (select * from


studentdetails)

and

attach the existing connection to it. Specify the type of SQLCommand

(text/storedprocedure).

5. Execute the command (use executereader).

6. Get the Result (use SqlDataReader). This is a forwardonly/readonly


dataobject.

7. Close the connection


8. Process the result
9. Display the Result
The following is code for connecting to a SQL Database:

using System;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace AdoNetConsoleApplication

class Program

static void Main(string[] args)


{

new Program().CreateTable();

public void CreateTable()

SqlConnection con = null;

try {

// Creating Connection

//String connstr= "data source=.; database=student; integrated security=SSPI"

con = new SqlConnection("data source=.; database=student; integrated security=SSPI");

// writing sql query

SqlCommand cm = new SqlCommand("Select * from student", con);

// Opening Connection

con.Open();

// Executing the SQL query

SqlDataReader sdr = cm.ExecuteReader();

// Iterating Data

while (sdr.Read())

Console.WriteLine(sdr["id"] + " " + sdr["name"]+" "+sdr["email"]);

// Displaying Record
}

catch (Exception e)

Console.WriteLine("OOPs, something went wrong.\n"+e);

// Closing the connection

finally

con.Close();

You must use the System.Data.SqlClient namespace to connect to a SQL Database. In


the preceding code we are using the SqlConnection class, SqlCommand class and
SqlDataReader class because our application is talking to SQL Server. SQL Server
only understands SQL.

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