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Lecture 05.5 SQL StoredFunctions 7

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Lecture 05.5 SQL StoredFunctions 7

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prannay.khush5501
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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You are on page 1/ 7

Stored Programs

Stored Functions

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Stored Functions

Refer Joel Murach, Murach’s MySQL, 2nd Edition, 2015, ISBN-13: 978-1890774820

Murach's MySQL, C15 © 2015, MIKE MURACH & ASSOCIATES, INC. 2/7
Stored Functions
• Create your own functions, called as stored functions, user-defined functions (UDFs), or just functions
• With MySQL, a function can only return a single value
• This type of function is called a scalar function
•In many ways, the code for creating a function works similarly to the code for creating a stored procedure
• However, there are two primary differences between stored procedures and functions.
• First, a MySQL function always returns a single value
• Second, a function can’t make changes to the database such as executing an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement

•To create a function, you use the CREATE FUNCTION statement


• After the name of the function, you code a set of parentheses. Within the parentheses, you code the parameters for the
function
• After the parentheses, you code the RETURNS keyword, followed by the data type that’s returned by the function
• After the declaration of the return type, you code the BEGIN keyword to signal that you are about to begin the code for the
function
• To call a user-defined function, you can use it in an expression as if it’s one of MySQL’s built-in functions
• Then, the value that’s returned by the function is substituted for the function
• DROP FUNCTION keywords followed by the name of the function, can be used to drop the stored function

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Differences between Stored procedure and function
Functions Procedures
A function has a return type and returns a A procedure does not have a return type. But it
value. returns values using the OUT parameters.
You cannot use a function with Data You can use DML queries such as insert, update,
Manipulation queries. Only Select queries are select etc… with procedures.
allowed in functions.
A function does not allow output parameters A procedure allows both input and output
parameters.
You cannot manage transactions inside a You can manage transactions inside a procedure.
function.
You cannot call stored procedures from a You can call a function from a stored procedure.
function
You can call a function using a select statement. You cannot call a procedure using select
statements.
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Example: Stored Function to Retrieve
Value
--A function that returns the vendor ID that matches a vendor’s name DELIMITER //
DELIMITER //
CREATE FUNCTION get_vendor_id
(
vendor_name_param VARCHAR(50)
)
RETURNS INT
BEGIN
◦ DECLARE vendor_id_var INT;
◦ SELECT vendor_id INTO vendor_id_var FROM vendors
◦ WHERE vendor_name = vendor_name_param;
◦ RETURN(vendor_id_var);
END//
--A SELECT statement that uses the function
SELECT invoice_number, invoice_total FROM invoices
WHERE vendor_id = get_vendor_id('IBM')

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Example: Stored Function to Calculate
Value
A function that calculates balance due A statement that calls the function
DELIMITER //
SELECT vendor_id, invoice_number,
get_balance_due(invoice_id) AS balance_due
CREATE FUNCTION get_balance_due FROM invoices
( WHERE vendor_id = 37
invoice_id_param INT
) The response from the system
RETURNS DECIMAL(9,2)
BEGIN
DECLARE balance_due_var DECIMAL(9,2);

SELECT invoice_total - payment_total - credit_total


INTO balance_due_var
FROM invoices
WHERE invoice_id = invoice_id_param;

RETURN balance_due_var;
END//

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How to Drop a Stored Function
The syntax of the DROP FUNCTION statement The response from the system
DROP FUNCTION [IF EXISTS] function_name

A statement that creates a stored function


DELIMITER //
CREATE FUNCTION get_sum_balance_due (
vendor_id_param INT )
RETURNS DECIMAL(9,2) BEGIN
DECLARE sum_balance_due_var DECIMAL(9,2);
SELECT SUM(get_balance_due(invoice_id)) INTO
sum_balance_due_var FROM invoices
WHERE vendor_id = vendor_id_param; RETURN A statement that drops the stored function
sum_balance_due_var;
DROP FUNCTION get_sum_balance_due;
END//

A statement that drops the stored function


A statement that calls the function only if it exists
SELECT vendor_id, invoice_number, DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS get_sum_balance_due;
get_balance_due(invoice_id) AS balance_due,
get_sum_balance_due(vendor_id) AS sum_balance_due
FROM invoices

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