DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

WASHINGTON, DC

AFI91-202_AFGM2019-01

29 April 2019

MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs

FROM: AF/SE

SUBJECT: Air Force Guidance Memorandum to AFI 91-202, The US Air Force Mishap
Prevention Program

By Order of the Secretary of the Air Force, this is an AF Guidance Memorandum

immediately implementing changes to AFI 91-202. This AFGM updates the OSHA events
process, and introduces and identifies responsibilities for the new Air Force OSHA Process
Manager, as directed by the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Installations, Environment
and Energy (SAF/IE). To the extent its directions are inconsistent with other Air Force
publications, the information herein prevails, in accordance with AFI 33-360, Publications and
Forms Management.

In advance of a rewrite of AFI 91-202, the Attachment to this Memorandum is updated to

provide guidance changes that are effective immediately. An asterisk (*) indicates newly revised
material.

The Memorandum becomes void after one-year has elapsed from the date of this
Memorandum, or upon incorporation of an Interim Change or rewrite of AFI 91-202, whichever
is earlier.

JOHN T. RAUCH, Maj Gen, USAF

Chief of Safety

1. Attachment:
Guidance Changes
 Attachment

Guidance Changes

The below changes to AFI 91-202, dated 24 June 2015, are effective immediately.

1.8.4.6. Through the BSC Associate Chief for Bioenvironmental Engineering

(AFMSA/SG3PB), coordinates on installation-level proposed responses related to OSHA events.

1.8.9.9. Assigns the Chief of Occupational Safety as the USAF OSHA Process Manager.

1.8.10.27. Develops, implements and oversees the Air Force OSHA Process Management
system for the cross-functional integration and execution of OSHA events and procedures for
Federal or State programs. Coordinates on installation-level proposed responses related to OSHA
events.

1.8.10.28. Develops and publishes yearly high-interest spot inspection areas (Top Five
Occupational Safety Emphasis items), using five years of Class C on-duty ground mishap data
analysis as part of the Occupational Safety Annual Program Management Review. (T-1).

1.8.10.29. Publishes OSHA Cross-tells for each notice of violation received by an installation to
share data across the Air Force to support mishap prevention and reduction efforts. Cross-tells
may be published to reinforce effective safety programs identified during OSHA events.

1.8.12.19. Coordinates the cross-functional integration and execution of OSHA events,

responses, and procedures as prescribed within this instruction.

1.8.12.20. Consider designating high interest areas for spot inspections using their MAJCOM-
specific mishap trends and the AFSEC Top Five Occupational Safety Emphasis Items. (T-1).

1.8.15.21. Installation commander will review the annual (CY) OSHA 300, Log of Work-
Related Injuries and Illness, and sign the OSHA Form 300A, Summary of Work-Related Injuries
and Illness, for the OSHA establishment code delineated in AFSAS NLT 31 January each year.
(T-0). This task may be delegated to the vice commander or executive director. Note: Tenant
units on Air Force installations with full-time qualified safety personnel except those defined in
paragraph 1.8.16.5 will be responsible for producing their own OSHA 300 and 300A to include
posting of the latter. Codify this responsibility in the related host-tenant agreement. At all joint
bases, this responsibility will be codified in the formal Inter-Service Memorandum of
Agreement. (T-1).

1.8.15.22. Serves as chairperson for OSHA visit meetings to the installation, but may delegate to
the vice wing commander or Chief of Safety. (T-2). Ensures proper coordination and is the final
signature on official responses from the installation to OSHA. (T-2). The final signature will be
delegated no lower than the vice wing commander. (T-2).

1.8.15.23. Convene safety investigations IAW AFI 91-204. The commander may appoint all
personnel in the wing Safety Office as Investigating Officers for Class C – E mishaps, to be
detailed to specific investigations by the Chief of Safety. Commander appointments should be in
writing when possible.

1.8.16.20. The Occupational Safety Manager functions as primary point of contact and process
manager for cross-functional management of all federal and state OSHA visits to the installation,
as well as OSHA requests for self-investigations/inspections. Assigns roles to OSHA cross-
functional representatives as needed, including tenant unit safety staffs when the OSHA event
involves the tenant unit. (T-2). Upon request from OSHA, provide copies of AF Forms 978 and
OSHA Rapid Response Reports. (T-1). The OSHA Rapid Response Report is a form used to
provide data to OSHA investigators during civilian-related specific mishaps with injuries. OSHA
investigators may request mishap data and the Rapid Response Report completed either by the
USR or supervisor will meet this requirement. Refer to paragraph 8.8.4.4 for additional
information.

1.8.18.11.5. Attends all DoL OSHA inspector in-briefs and out-briefs, accompanies inspectors
during all health-related inspections/investigations and crafts any related correspondence to
OSHA for all identified occupational health concerns for installation Commander’s endorsement
and release after full coordination as specified within this instruction. (T-2).

1.8.18.12.5. Attends all DoL OSHA inspector in-briefs and out-briefs, accompanies inspectors
during all health-related inspections/investigations and crafts any related correspondence to
OSHA for all identified occupational health concerns for installation Commander’s endorsement
and release after full coordination as specified within this instruction. (T-2).

1.8.18.14. Ensures the Bioenvironmental Engineer or Public Health officer, as applicable,

attends all DoL and OSHA inspector in-briefs and out-briefs, accompanies inspectors during all
health-related inspections/investigations, and crafts any related correspondence to OSHA for
identified health concerns for installation commander’s endorsement and release after full
coordination as specified within this instruction. (T-1).

1.8.19.12. Ensures a fire department representative attends all DoL OSHA inspector in-briefs
and out-briefs, accompanies inspectors during all fire/life safety related
inspections/investigations and crafts any related correspondence to OSHA for all identified
fire/life safety concerns for installation Commander endorsement and release after full
coordination as specified within this AFI. (T-2).

1.8.21.18. Where commanders below the installation level, including tenant unit commanders,
have an assigned safety staff, ensure they comply with the host safety office procedures for
OSHA related events on the installation. (T-2).

1.8.22.13. Accomplish Air Force Supervisor Safety Training (SST). (T-1).

1.8.22.13.1. Complete SST Computer-based Training (CBT) located on ADLS prior to receiving
face-to-face classroom training. (T-1).

1.8.22.13.2. Attend face-to-face SST course as schedule by applicable safety office. (T-1).
1.8.22.20. Complete an OSHA Rapid Response Report when requested by safety staff and return
to safety office by their suspense date. (T-1).

1.8.24. The Air Force Civil Engineering Center (AFCEC):

1.8.24.1. Ensures agency/center support for OSHA-related events. (T-2).

1.8.24.2. Ensures Air Force fire and safety policies meet, exceed or receive proper waiver
authority to OSHA, NFPA and other applicable requirements. (T-1).

1.8.24.3. Coordinates on installation-level proposed responses related to OSHA events. (T-2).

1.8.25. The Installation Staff Judge Advocate (JA):

1.8.25.1. Provides advice and legal review as necessary of installation compliance with OSHA
and other requirements.

1.8.25.2. Advises Air Force authorities on correspondence to agencies such as OSHA are in
compliance with established requirements.

1.8.26. Installation Legal Office ensures a legal representative attends all DoL OSHA inspector
out-briefs, and reviews all correspondence to OSHA for installation Commander’s endorsement
and release after full coordination as specified within this instruction. (T-2). The installation
safety office may request a legal representative to attend in-briefs, as needed.

2.1.2.3.4. One or more certifications from recognized and accredited national/international

organizations, i.e., Construction Health and Safety Technician (CHST), Occupational Health and
Safety Technologist (OHST), Associate Safety Professional (ASP) or Certified Safety
Professional (CSP).

2.2.2.3. Assist unit personnel with mishap reporting requirements. Assist unit commander and
supervisors in mishap investigation when required to include OSHA’s Rapid Response Report.
(T-3).

2.4.3. Mishap Investigation Kits. Each MAJCOM/FOA/DRU determines the minimum contents
of investigation kits for host installations to maintain and have available to meet initial response
and ISB requirements for flight, ground and weapons mishaps. Wing safety offices will have
available all the items that are required to conduct a safety investigation IAW AFI 91-204 and
are highly encouraged to include interview forms with appropriate disclaimers. (T-2). Coordinate
the medical member contents of the kit with the medical treatment facility. Mishap investigation
kits are optional for AFRC units.
Table 3.1. Safety Evaluations, Assessments and Inspections.

Level Frequency Type By Note

MAJCOM/DRU/FOA 48 Months Safety Evaluation AFSEC

NAF/Center/Wing 24 Months Safety Program MAJCOM/DRU/ 1

Evaluation FOA
Squadron, Standalone 24/12 Program Wing/Group SE 2, 3
Group Months Assessment &
Safety Inspection
Wing and below Monthly Spot Wing/Group/Squ
adron SE/Safety
Representative/
Supervisor
Wing and below Monthly High Interest Wing/Group SE

Wing and below Varies Special and Wing/Group SE

Seasonal
Note 1: Conducted IAW this instruction, these Program Evaluations will be conducted
for wing, wing-equivalent or higher with an assigned safety staff. (T-1)

Note 2: Program Assessments are specified at a 24-month frequency, while safety

inspections are at a 12-month frequency. Safety program assessments and inspections
should be combined when conducted the same year to reduce the footprint within the
affected organization.

Note 3: IAW DoD 1342-6M, Administrative and Logistic Responsibilities for DoD
Dependents Schools, (August 1995) before the start of the school year, an inspection by
qualified facility, physical security, safety, sanitation, bioenvironmental, and fire
protection specialists to identify all facilities deficiencies and requirements and their
relative priority for repair or maintenance. Additionally, In January, an inspection by
qualified facility, physical security, safety, sanitation, bioenvironmental, and fire
protection specialists to identify all facilities deficiencies and requirements and their
relative priority for accomplishment. The second physical security inspection in January
is not required for those schools located on military installations protected by positive
entry control procedures.

3.3. Safety Program Evaluation (SPE). Either independently, or in conjunction with a UEI,
qualified safety personnel from MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs must evaluate the safety program of
each organization at wing (or wing-equivalent level), as appropriate, and higher. (T-1). Safety
staffs will develop evaluation checklists to assess compliance and performance of core program
elements. (T-1). Safety staffs-developed checklists will be reviewed at least annually for
accuracy and relevancy. (T-1). The SPE checklist items include, but are not limited to the
APMR, trends in MICT, mishap trends, results of OSHA inspections, local training of safety
personnel during program evaluations, to include OJT master training plan for assigned 1S0s,
and results of any commander-requested safety staff assistance visits that were conducted since
the last safety program evaluation. (T-1). Safety will prepare a comprehensive report on the
status of the Commander’s safety program, inclusive of all safety disciplines evaluated and will
attach this report as an addendum to the IG report or an independent report as called for by
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU procedures. (T-1). The report will contain a statement to declare the
mishap prevention program conformance and performance under the systemic processes of the
AFSMS was either met and effective, met but needs minor improvement(s), met but needs
significant improvement(s), or was not effective. (T-1).

3.4.4. Safety staffs will develop assessment checklists to assess compliance and performance of
core program elements. (T-1). Safety office-developed checklists will be reviewed at least
annually for accuracy and relevancy, and dated accordingly. (T-1). Conduct assessments with
prior notice. (T-1). Related MICT self-assessment communicators will be a part of the composite
assessment. (T-1). As a minimum, assessments will include the following program elements as
applicable:

3.4.4.1. Fall Protection.

3.4.4.2. Hazardous Energy Control.

3.4.4.3. Confined Spaces.

3.4.4.4. USR compliance with roles and responsibilities.

3.4.4.5. MSR compliance with roles and responsibilities.

3.4.4.6. Tracking motorcycle riders in MUSTT.

3.4.4.7. Completion of SST by new supervisors.

3.4.4.8. Traffic safety training for low speed vehicles.

3.4.4.9. Hazard reporting procedures.

3.4.4.10. Mishap response and reporting procedures.

3.4.4.11. Safety promotion support.

3.4.4.12. Use of Risk Management/Training.

3.4.4.13. Training, care, and use of PPE.

3.4.4.14. Currency of JSTO content to include but not limited to JHAs and hazards (AF Forms
1118, AF Form 3, etc.).

3.6. Annual Safety Inspections. Safety inspections as required by public law (29 CFR 1960,
Occupational Safety and Health Administration), DoDI 6055.01 and this AFI help identify
hazards and measure compliance with applicable safety guidance and standards. The annual
safety inspection is not an IG-led inspection, but part of core safety duties and can only be
accomplished by a qualified safety professional.

3.6.2.2.4. Description of any hazards, deficiencies or unsafe work practices with risk assessment
and deficiency codes (as applicable) and references. Note: When there is an OSHA reference for
the non-compliance, that reference will be used. Safety staffs may also use AFI references to
further support non-compliance.

3.6.3. Deleted.

3.8. High Interest Areas. High interest areas are those areas having the greatest risk to life or
property, have experienced repeated mishaps or in the judgment of the wing commander and/or
safety office require added monitoring. While designation should usually be based on trends,
analysis or command interest, they can also be work areas or operations that need additional
attention or inspections because of increased mishap potential due to the nature of the work
performed, physical conditions or type of materials handled. High interest areas, if identified,
will be designated by the Chief of Safety in writing. (T-3). Identified High Interest Inspections
will be accomplished and documented at least monthly. (T-1). In addition to local and MAJCOM
identified High Interest Areas, consider incorporating the AFSEC designated Top Five
Occupational Safety Emphasis Items. (T-1). Documentation of High Interest Area inspections
will be IAW paragraph 3.7.2. (T-3).

3.10.1. Special inspections include seasonal, targeted mishap preventive activities, special
events and mission readiness operations/exercises. Special inspections will be conducted of
installation Child Development Centers (CDCs) and playgrounds that are part of real property.
(T-1).

3.10.1.1. Installation safety offices will conduct the annual unannounced comprehensive safety
inspections of all Child and Youth facilities, Family Child Care Administration and at least 10
percent or no fewer than three Family Child Care homes located in government housing. (T-0).
This excludes all privatized housing.

3.10.1.2. Installation safety offices will train applicable FCC personnel (Child and Youth
Services Flight Chiefs, CDC Directors, Airmen and Family Services Flight Chiefs, etc.) in
hazard recognition to conduct all other FCC Home safety inspections to include new applicants,
renewals, comprehensive, and multidisciplinary as required in DoDI 6060.02. (T-1).

3.10.1.3. Any facility inspection performed under this paragraph does not need to be re-
inspected as part of the annual safety inspection called for by paragraph 3.6. The annual
inspection report called for by paragraph 3.6 will contain a memo indicating these facilities were
completed as part of the inspections under AFI 34-144. (T-1).

5.1. Information Protection. Safety investigation reports contain privileged safety information
and are for mishap prevention purposes only; they are not releasable outside of safety channels.
Portions of such reports, though, contain factual, non-privileged information, which may be
released to the public, as well as information that is not releasable to the public. For example,
information that is for official use only (FOUO), may be restricted from public release by the
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (Title 5, U.S.C., Section 552), the Privacy Act (Title 5,
U.S.C., Section 552a), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) (Public
Law 104-19, 21 August 1996), Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sections 2751 et
seq.), Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., Appendix Sections 2401 et seq.), and
other pertinent laws, regulations and policies. For requests for release of non-privileged
information in safety reports or databases, AFSEC/JA is the release authority for requests for
release outside of the AF; AFSEC personnel or the installation chief of safety is the release
authority for requests within their AF organizations. (T-0).

5.8. Deleted.

5.8.1. Deleted.

5.8.2. Deleted.

5.11.3. Airmen can submit ASAP reports via the Airman Safety App at
https://asap.safety.af.mil. They can use a personal device without a Common Access Card
(CAC) to submit hazards/errors, or a government device with CAC. The ASAP Scoreboard can
be viewed within AFSAS at https://afsas/safety.af.mil after Airmen apply for and receive a
basic account.

8.3.12. Responsible for developing and implementing an OSHA Reception & Action Plan. This
plan will address actions to implement prior to, during, and after an OSHA event. (T-1). This
includes official OSHA representative installation visits and OSHA requests for self-
investigation/inspection. These procedures will address all requirements called for in paragraph
8.8, and those contained within DoDI 6055.01, Enclosure 3. (T-1).

8.3.15. Provide local conditions information as required in AFI 91-207, The US Air Force
Traffic Safety Program. (T-0).

8.3.19. Ensure newly assigned USRs are trained within 30 working days after appointment. Air
Reserve Component primary and alternate USR will complete initial training within two unit
training assemblies of appointment.

8.3.19.1. USRs will receive localized training based on MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and installation-
specific requirements.

8.3.19.2. Deployed USRs will complete the USR Training Course CBT located at the US Air Force
Safety University website: https://www.my.af.mil/gcss-af/USAF/ep/globalTab.do?channelPageId-
sF575FC8E259941D40125A29E9A7C00EF. (T-3). Once complete, the supporting occupational safety
office will provide localized training as soon as possible. (T-3).

8.6. Unit Motorcycle Safety Representative (MSR). Each unit commander with motorcycle
riders will appoint, in writing, primary and alternate MSRs to coordinate the motorcycle safety
program IAW AFI 91-207.

8.8. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections and Investigations of DoD Working

Conditions. IAW 29 CFR 1960.31 and 1960.35, OSHA and NIOSH officials, acting as
representatives of the Secretary of Labor, are authorized to conduct announced or unannounced
inspections or investigations of DoD workplaces, except uniquely military workplaces and
operations, and nonmilitary-unique workplaces staffed exclusively by military personnel. The
DoD Components are authorized to request through the DUSD (I&E) that NIOSH perform
hazard evaluations. OSHA inspection procedures for federal agency workplaces are provided in
OSHA Directive Number CPL 02-00-150 (Reference [u)]). An OSHA Event is defined as any
contact initiated between the AF and OSHA (i.e., email, fax, telephonic, in person) requesting
inspection or investigation of processes, facilities, or projects (military, civilian or contractor) on
the installation. Any request for mishap investigation information, i.e., the OSHA Rapid
Response Report is considered an OSHA event and must be entered into the AFSAS OSHA
Events Module. Note: The increased interaction and required actions on behalf of the USAF to
respond to OSHA events is a quickly evolving process. As requirements change, it may be
necessary to implement new procedures in real time prior to updates to existing published
guidance. These changes will be incorporated in GM, IC and rewrites of the AFI as quickly as
possible. In the interim, maximum cooperation is required between installations, MAJCOMs,
AFSEC and OSHA to ensure OSHA identified non-compliance hazards or public law violations
are managed accordingly. Updates to guidance will be pushed to the field as soon as possible in
order to ensure the most current legal requirements are adhered to.

8.8.1. The DoL may conduct, as part of its evaluation program, annual targeted inspections or
program assistance visits of Air Force installations based on the comparative incidence of worker
compensation claims. The DoL will prescribe special procedures in the notification process.
OSHA representatives may question or privately interview any employee, supervisory employee
or official in charge of an operation or workplace. Federal or state OSHA representatives must
present identifying credentials and state the purpose of the visit to the installation commander or
authorized representative before conducting an inspection of a workplace on an Air Force
installation. OSHA may also request installations perform self-investigations and self-inspections
on a case-by-case basis. Installation commanders, through execution of a locally approved
OSHA Reception and Action Plan developed IAW paragraph 8.3.12, will: (T-1).

8.8.1.1. Ensure Security Forces are provided a letter of instruction outlining notification
procedures to the installation safety office upon OSHA’s arrival at the gate. (T-2).

8.8.1.2. Ensure the OSHA representative(s) are met by a member of the installation safety office
and escorted to the initial in-brief. (T-2). A safety representative and/or other functional
representative (e.g., FES, BEE, PH, etc.) will escort the OSHA representative to other parts of
the installation after the initial in-brief. (T-2).

8.8.1.3. Host an initial in-brief with DoL and State OSHA representatives. (T-2). The
installation safety office will notify their CC/CV, JA and IG of OSHA’s arrival. (T-2). Notify
Bioenvironmental Engineering, Fire Emergency Services, Public Health, Civilian Personnel
Office, Contracting Office, tenant unit safety offices and others as needed of the in-brief meeting
details. (T-2). Attendance is optional for IG, Contracting and Civilian Personnel Office.
Bioenvironmental Engineering, Fire Emergency Services, Public Health and tenant unit safety
offices will be expected to attend based upon the OSHA inspector’s stated purpose of the visit.
(T-2). Based upon the nature of the OSHA concern, a tenant unit with a fulltime safety staff may
be designated as an OPR for managing the safety or health concern through their organization.
These responsibilities will be identified in applicable host-tenant agreements. (T-2).
8.8.1.4. Provide, upon request, access to available safety, fire protection and health information
on workplaces, unless prohibited by this instruction or other AFI guidance. (T-1). Access to
privileged safety information is prohibited by DoDI 6055.07 and AFI 91-204. Note: Upon
notification of a serious injury to civilian personnel, OSHA officials may choose to conduct their
investigation and/or request AF investigation information. The OSHA Rapid Response Report
will be completed by the supervisor or USR and returned to the safety office within suspense
date set by the safety office. At no time shall a 1S0 or 0018 complete a Rapid Response Report.
The AF Form 978 is a fully releasable form, provided no privilege information is included, and
may be provided to OSHA. The Rapid Response Report may be found on AFSEC SharePoint
site.

8.8.1.4.1. OSHA officials may review non-privileged portions of mishap reports in the
workplace during the course of their inspection. Do not release “For Official Use Only” marked
reports or materials to them. OSHA requests for copies of such reports or materials will be IAW
AFI 91-204.

8.8.1.4.2. OSHA officials requesting access to additional information and records may obtain
the information IAW the provision of DoDI 6055.01.

8.8.1.5.1. During OSHA inspections or investigations, take (or obtain from OSHA) photos of
identified physical hazards/discrepancies which may result in an OSHA Notice of Violation
(NoV).

8.8.1.5.2. Name and upload photos to the AFSAS OSHA Events Module for reference and
future use through OSHA Cross-tell products. Note: Name each photo with a sequential number
and identified hazard, i.e., Photo 1- table saw, Photo 2 – grounding pin, etc.

8.8.1.6. Arrange a closing conference with the OSHA official if requested and invite labor
representatives to attend. If significant hazards or deficiencies are identified or problems occur
during an OSHA inspection or investigation, call the MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety staff. The
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU will in turn immediately notify AFSEC/SEG.

8.8.2. Treat DoL OSHA notices of violations in the same manner as a fire, safety or health Air
Force inspection report. (T-1). Evaluate and assign a RAC to each hazard identified by OSHA
personnel. (T-1).

8.8.3. Ensure appropriate members of the fire, safety, or health offices verify DoL inspection
results, including all testing. (T-1). Air Force tests or sampling for future testing should be
accomplished at the same time and at the same location as the DoL testing, if possible.

8.8.4. Ensure DoL personnel conducting the inspection receive a coordinated response as
required and prescribed by the OSHA NoVs instructions. (T-1). If an OSHA inspection team
visits the installation and it appears there may be possible NoVs, the installation commander’s
staff, to include the applicable representative members (e.g. FES, PH, BEE, JA, etc.), should be
notified and involved in abatement plan establishment. Although a unit will be cited individually
at a particular location, the identified hazard may, in fact, be classified a “Repeat” citation,
because a similar finding was previously cited at another Air Force location. This practice is due
to OSHA considering the Air Force as an “Enterprise-wide” organization and OSHA treats
related workplaces within a corporate family as one workplace for purposes of “Repeat”
violations. Therefore, the finding is considered a corporate matter rather than a singular
installation matter. With the “Enterprise-wide” applicability of NoVs, all correspondence to
OSHA will be coordinated with the appropriate MAJCOM/DRU/FOA (SE, FES, SG, JA) and
HAF (AFSEC, AFCEC, AF/SG, AF/JA). (T-1). If required, AFSEC will coordinate with
SAF/IEE. The MAJCOM and AFSEC track all violation(s) from identification through proposed
response to OSHA and subsequent closure. Upon receiving a NoV, the cited unit will draft and
coordinate the proposed official response to the violation, which will then be sent to the
applicable MAJCOM/DRU/FOA safety office and AFSEC in parallel. (T-1). The
MAJCOM/DRU/FOA will forward their coordinated position to AFSEC via e-mail to
afscseg@us.af.mil for review and approval. (T-1). AFSEC/SEG will determine if SAF/IEE
coordination is needed. Once AFSEC/SEG has attained SAF/IEE coordination, as needed, the
coordinated and approved response to OSHA will be returned to the installation commander for
release to OSHA. (T-1). Units will need to build this additional coordination process into the
time frame allowed for the response suspense to OSHA. (T-1). Requests for an extension from
OSHA (to include interim control measures) will be initiated by the installation OSM as the
OSHA process manager for the installation commander, with an electronic courtesy copy sent to
the MAJCOM/DRU/FOA and AFSEC. (T-1). Provide copies of the inspection report, replies to
OSHA, and related correspondence through command channels to the addressees listed in
paragraphs 8.8.5.1 – 8.8.5.9. (T-1). Note: All OSHA Event correspondences will be uploaded to the
AFSAS OSHA Events Module as the official recordkeeping process for OSHA Events. (T-1).

8.8.4.1. Upon receipt of OSHA NoVs:

8.8.4.1.1. Upload copies to the related AFSAS OSHA Event. (T-1).

8.8.4.1.2. Email AFSEC (afscseg@us.af.mil) to advise upon receipt of NoVs and completion of
uploading to AFSAS OSHA Events module. (T-1).

8.8.4.2. Ensure all installations request an Informal Conference with the OSHA office upon
receipt of a NoV. Exceptions to an Informal Conference must be coordinated through affected
discipline (i.e., Fire, Bioenvironmental Engineering, etc.), MAJCOM and AFSEC/SEG. (T-1).
Note: OSHA NoVs include those violations cited and corrected on the spot.

8.8.4.3. Informal Conferences will:

8.8.4.3.1. Be scheduled with the local OSHA office as soon as possible IAW the NoV. (T-1).

8.8.4.3.2. Be used to contest violations and/or seek lesser classification, i.e., Serious to Other-
Than-Serious. (T-1).

8.8.4.3.3. Be used to request extension on abatement dates (Petition to Modify Abatement Date)
and/or allow time for multi-level coordination through specific disciplines, MAJCOM, AFSEC
and SAF/IEE. (T-1).

8.8.4.3.4. Have a pre-Informal Conference meeting involving applicable local representatives,

MAJCOM and AFSEC to discuss expectations of Informal Conference. (T-1). The pre-Informal
Conference meeting will be scheduled by the applicable safety office. (T-1).
8.8.4.3.5. Involve, via teleconference, applicable MAJCOM and HAF-level agencies to include
AFSEC/SEG. (T-1).

8.8.4.4. When OSHA requests a Rapid Response Report:

8.8.4.4.1. Ensure the report is completed by appropriate USR and/or Supervisor. To preclude
inadvertent release of privileged information, no 1S0 or 0018 will complete a Rapid Response
Report. (T-1).

8.8.4.4.2. Ensure report does not contain any privileged information. (T-1).

8.8.4.4.3. Is coordinated through MAJCOM and AFSEC simultaneously no later than one duty
day before the OSHA suspense date. (T-1).

8.8.4.4.4. Provide to OSHA by their suspense date. (T-1).

8.8.4.4.5. Upload a copy into the related AFSAS OSHA Event. (T-1).

8.8.5. In addition to local notifications, such as installation IG, JA, PA, CC or CV, and affected
organizations or tenant activities, the installation safety office shall notify the agencies in
paragraphs 8.8.5.1 – 8.8.5.9 within two duty days of any official OSHA visit to an Air Force
installation, to include AF-led Joint Bases. (T-1). This requirement also applies when an
installation receives a formal request from OSHA to self-investigate a fire, safety or health
matter on OSHA’s behalf. Notification shall include unit(s) or specific area(s) being inspected.
(T-1). Upon completion of the OSHA visit, health and fire officials, as applicable, shall
coordinate responses to OSHA visits and citations with the safety staff. (T-1). If a NoV is
received, the safety staff will transmit a supplemental report on investigation or inspection visits
within two workdays after receiving the OSHA violation(s). (T-1). This reporting requirement
applies to Air Force workplaces or operations performed by a contractor in which Air Force
workplaces, equipment or procedural deficiencies are identified in the citation. Use AFSAS
OSHA Event Module to transmit this report. (T-1). Note: The AFSAS OSHA Event Module is
designed to meet the intent of these requirements and will e-mail the agencies listed below to
include applicable MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and Intermediate Command agencies. If unable to
access AFSAS, reports may be transmitted by e-mail to: afscseg@us.af.mil and the e-mail
addresses below.

8.8.5.7. afcec.cxf.workflow@us.af.mil (AFCEC Fire).

8.8.5.9. AFCEC.CO@us.af.mil (AFCEC/CO).

8.8.5.10. Applicable MAJCOM/FOA/DRU/SEG/SGP/SGPB/CE.

8.8.5.11. Applicable Intermediate Command/SEG/SGP/CE.

8.8.6. The AFSAS OSHA Event Module requires the following information (Note: Include the
same information if using e-mail process): (T-1).
8.8.6.3. MAJCOM/DRU/FOA, installation, unit workplace visited. If different units (e.g., AF-
led Joint Bases or tenant units, units with individual establishment codes) receive NoVs, these
will be entered separately with AFSAS OSHA Events Module. (T-1).

8.8.6.5. Results of investigation or inspection. If a NoV is received, send a supplemental

message with a copy of the violation notice or any notices of unsafe and unhealthful working
conditions, along with the RAC assigned and all corrective actions planned or implemented in
response to the violation. (T-1).

8.8.6.7. Deleted.

8.8.6.8. POC Name, email address, and DSN. (T-1).

8.9. DoL Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Annual Visit Summary.
AFSEC/SEG will use the procedures and information attained through the AFSAS OSHA Events
Module to identify trends, enterprise-wide issues and complete the annual report required by the
DoL.

8.10.1. Federal OSHA officials may perform OSH inspections of Air Force contractor
workplaces in areas where the US holds exclusive federal jurisdiction. Verify with base legal
office/JA to determine which areas of the installation fall under federal jurisdiction. (T-1).

8.10.4. A notice of a Federal or State OSHA inspection or investigation of contractor operations

on an Air Force installation will be reported IAW paragraph 8.8.5 of this instruction. For State
OSHA events no additional reporting beyond the initial message is required unless federal
activities are impacted.

8.11.1. Safety and Health Standards Enforcement. IAW Sections 1960.31 and 1960.35, OSHA
and NIOSH officials, acting as representatives of the Secretary of Labor, are authorized to
conduct announced and unannounced inspections of DoD workplaces except for uniquely
military workplaces and operations, and nonmilitary-unique workplaces staffed exclusively by
military personnel. DoD Components are authorized to request through the DUSD(I&E) NIOSH
hazard evaluations. OSHA inspection procedures for federal agency workplaces are provided in
OSHA Directive Number CPL 02-00-160.

8.11.2. State OSHA officials, operating under a federally-approved plan and subject to the terms
of any variance, tolerance, or exemption granted by the DoL, may enforce state OSHA standards
in workplaces. Verify with the base legal office/JA to determine which areas of the installation
fall under exclusive federal jurisdiction. (T-1).

8.11.4. When federal or state OSHA officials require entry to a classified or restricted area, the
official must meet established security requirements for the area. (T-1).

8.11.5. DoD agencies are responsible for resolving issues related to violations or requests for
delays, variations, tolerances or exemptions of applicable safety and health standards.

11.1.6.1. Program risk acceptance packages and tracking are only necessary for those risks that
are inside the design/specification/requirement envelope. Those outside the envelope are handled
by using the user’s/operator’s RM process. When system safety is properly applied it should
enable the management of risks ascertained during engineering activities and should not impede
the management of operational risks. Operations such as launching, operating satellites/aircraft
defer to operational risk management guidance.

12.7. Critical/Imminent Danger Situations. Anyone identifying a critical/imminent danger

situation will immediately bring it to the attention of the commander and supervisor in charge.
(T-1) Commanders or supervisors must take immediate action to eliminate or control the hazard
or cease operations and withdraw exposed personnel until the situation is safe. (T-1).

12.11. End of Year Annual Master Hazard Abatement Survey and Facility/Workplace
Inspection Report. At the beginning of each fiscal year, AFSEC/SEG will send a data call for
end of year hazard abatement and facility/workplace inspection information. (T-1).

12.11.1. This data call will be sent to each MAJCOM/FOA/DRU for subsequent distribution to
their subordinate units. (T-2). The report template is available on the AFSEC SharePoint site.

12.11.2. Each host installation safety manager obtains and maintains the data called for in the
report.

12.11.3. MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs will compile all subordinate units’ results and submit to
AFSEC within required suspense date. (T-1). FOAs/DRUs are exempt from submitting a report,
if their hazard abatement and facility/workplace inspection data is reported by their host
installation safety office.

12.11.4. At joint bases where the Air Force is not the lead, the Air Force safety office will
complete the report to reflect only AF-specific hazards and facilities owned by the AF, where
annual facility/workplace safety inspections are performed. (T-1).

12.11.5. Refer to paragraph 3.6.1 of this instruction to define the facilities/workplaces each
safety staff is responsible for inspecting. This could include, but is not limited to, electrical
vaults, pump houses, hard stands, wash racks, guard towers, etc. The local OSM will act as the
decision authority for situations where uncertainty exists with regards to facility/workplace
inclusion in this data call. (T-2).

12.11.6. Installations not completing 100 percent facility inspections will provide justification in
their report to indicate factors preventing the completion of these required inspections along with
planned corrective actions to ensure full compliance with the inspection requirements. (T-1).

Figure 12.1. Deleted.

Figure 12.2. Deleted.

BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 91-202
SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE
24 JUNE 2015
Incorporating Change 1, 15 February 2017

Safety

THE US AIR FORCE MISHAP

PREVENTION PROGRAM

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

ACCESSIBILITY: This publication is available for downloading on the e-Publishing website

at: www.e-publishing.af.mil.
RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication.

OPR: HQ AFSEC/SEG Certified by: AF/SED

(James T. Rubeor)
Supersedes: AFI 91-202, 5 August 2011 Pages: 181

This instruction implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 91-2, Safety Programs. It
establishes mishap prevention program requirements, assigns responsibilities for program
elements and contains program management information. Requirements in this publication are
mandatory, unless indicated otherwise. It applies to all Regular Air Force (RegAF), Air Force
Reserve Command (AFRC) and Air National Guard (ANG) military and civilian personnel. For
the purposes of this instruction, ANG and Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) are included in
all references to Major Commands (MAJCOMs). At enduring and contingency locations outside
the United States, follow the requirements in this instruction so long as they do not conflict with
applicable requirements from any of the following: host nation requirements made applicable by
international agreement, Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document (OEBGD)
standards, country-specific Final Governing Standards (FGS), Geographic Combatant Command
policy, environmental annex to operational order (OPORD), operational plan (OPLAN) or other
operational directive. This instruction implements North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Standardization Agreements (STANAGs) 3101, Exchange of Safety Information Concerning
Aircraft and Missiles, 3102, Flight Safety Cooperation in Common Ground/Air Space, 3531,
Safety Investigation and Reporting of Accident/Incidents Involving Military Aircraft and/or
Missiles. Send major command, field operating agency and direct reporting unit
(MAJCOM/FOA/DRU) supplements to HQ Air Force Safety Center (HQ AFSEC)/SE Org Box,
9700 G Avenue, Kirtland AFB NM 87117-5670, for coordination and approval before
publication. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of
Primary Responsibility (OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of
Publication; route AF Form 847s from the field through the appropriate functional’s chain of
2 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

command. All requests for changes, interpretations or clarifications concerning this publication
must be forwarded through the MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety organization, who, in turn, as
applicable, will forward to HQ AFSEC. The authorities to waive wing/unit level requirements in
this publication are identified with a Tier (T-0, T-1, T-2, T-3) number following the compliance
statement. See AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management, for a description of the
authorities associated with the Tier numbers. Submit requests for waivers through the chain of
command to the appropriate Tier waiver approval authority, or alternately, to the Publication
OPR for non-tiered compliance items. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes
prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN)
33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with Air Force Records
Disposition Schedule (RDS). This instruction requires collecting and maintaining information
protected by the Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U.S.C. 552a, DoDD 5400.11 and DoD 5400.11-R, DoD
Privacy Program) and AFI 33-332, Air Force Privacy and Civil Liberties Program.

No Technical Order (TO), Instruction or Operating Instruction can address every hazard or
potential hazard that may arise from a specific task or combination of tasks. Where situations
exist that are not covered by existing directives, use a Risk Management (RM) process to assess
risk associated with those situations and determine adequate safeguards or procedures to manage
the risk. Refer to AFPAM 90-803, Risk Management (RM) Guidelines and Tools, for guidance
on using the RM process.

Note 1: The RM process may not be used to violate any laws, directives or other regulatory
guidance. Normal waiver or variance procedures must be followed in all cases (refer to this
instruction). Outside of Air Force guidance, the Air Force does not have authority to grant
exemptions and waivers for statutory and regulatory requirements that have risk-related exposure
elements or standards. All other waivers, variances or change requests must be properly vetted
through appropriate agencies for approval.

Note 2: The use of the name or mark of any specific manufacturer, commercial product,
commodity or service in this publication does not imply endorsement by the Air Force.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This document is substantially revised and must be completely reviewed. This revision clarifies
the requirements of the Air Force Safety Management System (AFSMS) and mishap prevention
program, and incorporates Air Force Guidance Memorandum 2016-01. Chapter 3, Safety
Assurance, has been rewritten to ensure cohesion with the Air Force Inspection System and the
required safety oversight process as it relates to Air Force safety assurance. Attachment 17,
Annual Program Management Review (APMR), has been added, replacing the Annual AFSMS
Management Review, identifying the annual review requirements for the Mishap Prevention
Program under the AFSMS construct, and provides senior leaders with clarity on the
effectiveness of their safety functions.

Chapter 1— PROGRAM OVERVIEW 9

1.1. Purpose.................................................................................................................... 9
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 3

1.2. Vision. ..................................................................................................................... 9

1.3. Use of AFSMS in the Mishap Prevention Program. ............................................... 9

Figure 1.1. AFSMS Pillars. ....................................................................................................... 9

Figure 1.2. AFSMS Framework. ............................................................................................... 10

1.4. AFSMS Pillars. ....................................................................................................... 10

Figure 1.3. The Air Force 5-Step RM Process. ......................................................................... 12

1.5. Continuous Improvement........................................................................................ 15

1.6. Mishap Prevention Program Disciplines (Aviation, Occupational, Weapons,

Space, etc.). .............................................................................................................. 15

1.7. Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) Guidance and Applying
Standards.................................................................................................................. 16

1.8. Program Responsibilities. ....................................................................................... 18

1.9. Waivers. .................................................................................................................. 41

Chapter 2— SAFETY ORGANIZATION 42

2.1. Safety Staff. ............................................................................................................ 42

2.2. Unit Safety Representative (USR). ......................................................................... 47

2.3. Safety Education/Training. ..................................................................................... 48

2.4. Safety Office Vehicles and Equipment. .................................................................. 50

2.5. Safety Library. ........................................................................................................ 50

2.6. Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Councils (ESOHC). ...................... 51

2.7. Non-USAF Councils and Committees. ................................................................... 51

2.8. Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) Safety Programs. ......................... 51

Chapter 3— SAFETY ASSURANCE 53

3.1. General. ................................................................................................................... 53

Table 3.1. Safety Evaluations, Assessments and Inspections. ................................................. 53

3.2. Safety Evaluations. ................................................................................................. 54

3.3. Safety Program Evaluation (SPE)........................................................................... 54

3.4. Safety Program Assessments. ................................................................................. 54

3.5. Annual Program Management Review (APMR). ................................................... 56

4 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

3.6. Annual Safety Inspections. ..................................................................................... 56

3.7. Spot Inspections. ..................................................................................................... 58

3.8. High Interest Areas. ................................................................................................ 59

3.9. Administrative Areas. ............................................................................................. 60

3.10. Special and Seasonal Inspections............................................................................ 60

3.11. Staff Assistance Visits (SAV). ................................................................................ 60

3.12. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections................................................................. 60

3.13. Contract Performance Assessment. ........................................................................ 60

Chapter 4— HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND REPORTING 62

4.1. Hazard Identification. ............................................................................................. 62

4.2. Reporting Criteria. .................................................................................................. 62

4.3. Hazard Reporting Procedures. ................................................................................ 62

4.4. Additional Reporting Procedures. ........................................................................... 63

4.5. Airmen Appeal Procedures. .................................................................................... 64

4.6. Risk Reduction and Mitigation. .............................................................................. 64

4.7. Preparation of Risk Assessments. ........................................................................... 64

Chapter 5— INFORMATION AND DATA ANALYSIS 66

5.1. Information Protection. ........................................................................................... 66

5.2. Safety Information. ................................................................................................. 66

5.3. Recurring Publications. ........................................................................................... 66

5.4. Methods of Information Distribution. ..................................................................... 67

5.5. Mishap Analysis Program. ...................................................................................... 67

5.6. Mishap Prevention Analysis Methods. ................................................................... 67

5.7. Use of Analyzed Data. ............................................................................................ 68

5.8. Safety Analysis Team (SAT) Process. .................................................................... 68

5.9. Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS). ............................... 69

5.10. Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance (MFOQA). ..................................... 69

5.11. Airman Safety Action Program (ASAP). ................................................................ 70

5.12. Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA). .................................................................. 70

AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 5

5.13. Deleted. ................................................................................................................... 70

5.14. Standard Mishap Metrics. ....................................................................................... 71

5.15. Calculating Federal Employee Compensation Metric (Rate). ................................ 72

5.16. AFSAS Analysis and Query Tools. ........................................................................ 72

Chapter 6— DEPLOYMENT AND CONTINGENCY SAFETY 74

6.1. Deployment and Contingency Safety Program. ...................................................... 74

6.2. AFFOR/SE. ............................................................................................................. 74

6.3. AFFOR Deployed Unit Safety Functions and Organizations. ................................ 75

6.4. Mishap Prevention Program. .................................................................................. 78

6.5. Monthly, Quarterly and Annual Safety Awards. .................................................... 78

6.6. AFFOR/SE Visits. .................................................................................................. 78

Chapter 7— AVIATION SAFETY 80

7.1. Program Management. ............................................................................................ 80

7.2. Plans. ....................................................................................................................... 80

7.3. Programs. ................................................................................................................ 80

7.4. Aero Club Operations. ............................................................................................ 87

7.5. Training Meetings and Briefings. ........................................................................... 87

7.6. Inspections/Assessments and Monitoring. .............................................................. 87

7.7. Airfield Maintenance, Construction and Waivers (Host). ...................................... 89

Chapter 8— OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 91

8.1. Program Management. ............................................................................................ 91

8.2. Oversight Requirements.......................................................................................... 91

8.3. Host Occupational Safety Staff Responsibilities. ................................................... 91

8.4. Tenant Unit and GSU Responsibilities. .................................................................. 93

8.5. Unit Safety Representative (USR) Responsibilities................................................ 94

8.6. Unit Motorcycle Safety Representative (MSR). ..................................................... 94

8.7. Hazard Identification and Abatement. .................................................................... 94

8.8. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections and Investigations of DoD Working

Conditions. ............................................................................................................... 95
6 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

8.9. DoL Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Annual Visit
Summary. ................................................................................................................. 97

8.10. DoL Inspection of Contractor Operations............................................................... 97

8.11. U.S. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections of DoD Working Conditions. ......... 98

8.12. Occupational Safety Corporate Committee. ........................................................... 98

Chapter 9— WEAPONS SAFETY 100

9.1. Program Management. ............................................................................................ 100

9.2. Weapons Safety Personnel Management and Manning Plan.................................. 100

9.3. Explosives Safety Standards. .................................................................................. 100

9.4. Weapons Safety Personnel...................................................................................... 100

9.5. Weapons Safety Program Requirements. ............................................................... 103

9.6. Missile Safety. ........................................................................................................ 103

9.7. Nuclear Surety. ....................................................................................................... 103

9.8. Directed Energy Weapons (DEW).......................................................................... 103

9.9. Munitions Rapid Response Team. .......................................................................... 103

9.10. Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB). ................................. 104

9.11. Weapons, Explosives and DEW Training............................................................... 104

9.12. Weapons Safety Committees. ................................................................................. 105

Chapter 10— SPACE SAFETY 106

10.1. Program Management. ............................................................................................ 106

10.2. Program Overview. ................................................................................................. 106

10.3. Design, Systems Development, Integration, Testing and Pre-Launch.................... 106

10.4. Launch Operations and Range Operations Safety. ................................................. 106

10.5. Orbital Operations Safety. ...................................................................................... 106

10.6. Ground-Based Space Systems Safety. .................................................................... 107

10.7. Space Nuclear Safety. ............................................................................................. 107

10.8. Space Safety Council (SSC). .................................................................................. 107

10.9. Space Safety Training. ............................................................................................ 107

AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 7

Chapter 11— SYSTEM SAFETY 108

11.1. Overview. ................................................................................................................ 108

11.2. Responsibilities. ...................................................................................................... 110

11.3. System Safety Groups (SSG). ................................................................................. 118

11.4. Networks, Automated Information Systems, and Non-Developmental Items. ....... 119

11.5. System Safety Engineering Analysis (SSEA)......................................................... 119

Chapter 12— HAZARD ABATEMENT 121

12.1. Purpose.................................................................................................................... 121

12.2. Responsibilities. ...................................................................................................... 121

12.3. Planning and Engineering. ...................................................................................... 121

12.4. Procedural Actions. ................................................................................................. 121

12.5. Hazard Control Hierarchy. ...................................................................................... 121

12.6. Hazard Abatement Requirements. .......................................................................... 123

12.7. Critical/Imminent Danger Situations. ..................................................................... 123

12.8. Posting Notification of Hazards. ............................................................................. 124

12.9. Installation Master Hazard Abatement Plan (MHAP). ........................................... 124

12.10. Funding for Hazard Abatement. ............................................................................. 125

12.11. End of Year Annual Hazard Abatement Survey Report. ........................................ 126

Figure 12.1. Annual Hazard Abatement Program Survey Report (RCS: HAF-SEC(A) 9363)
MAJCOM--FOA--DRU SECTION A—Hazards Abated During FY__. ................ 126

Figure 12.2. (MAJCOM/FOA /DRU) Annual Hazard Abatement Survey Report (RCS: HAF-
SEC(A) 9363) OSH Hazards - Programmed (Unfunded) RAC 1 Annual Hazard
Abatement Survey Report. ....................................................................................... 127
8 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 1— GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 128

Attachment 2— USAF AVIATION SAFETY EQUIPMENT DATABASE REPORTING 148

Attachment 3— MISHAP RESPONSE 150

Attachment 4— JOB SAFETY TRAINING OUTLINE (JSTO) 151

Attachment 5— JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA) 154

Attachment 6— RISK ASSESSMENT CODES (RAC) 156

Attachment 7— ABATEMENT PRIORITY NUMBER 160

Attachment 8— INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING AF FORM 1118, NOTICE OF

HAZARD 162

Attachment 9— INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING AF FORM 3, HAZARD

ABATEMENT PLAN 163

Attachment 10— PRE-DEPARTURE TRAVEL SAFETY (EXAMPLES ONLY) 166

Attachment 11— AIR FORCE OFF-DUTY HIGH-RISK ACTIVITIES PROGRAM 167

Attachment 12— CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING COURSES 168

Attachment 13— SAFETY EDUCATION AND TRAINING 170

Attachment 14— 1S0X1 RETRAINEE EVALUATION PROCESS 172

Attachment 15— PREPARATION OF RISK ASSESSMENTS 174

Attachment 16— SAFETY RELEASE 176

Attachment 17— ANNUAL PROGRAM MANAGEMENT REVIEW (APMR) 178

AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 9

Chapter 1

PROGRAM OVERVIEW

1.1. Purpose. The purpose of the Air Force Mishap Prevention Program is to minimize the loss
of Air Force (AF) resources and protect Air Force personnel from death, injuries or occupational
illnesses by managing risks on and off-duty. This program is aligned and framed using the Air
Force Safety Management System (AFSMS) as the core structure and applies to all AF
organizations. Safety Management System (SMS) is a systematic approach to managing safety,
including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Note: While Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Voluntary Protection
Program (VPP) is recognized as a form of a Safety Management System (SMS), and is closely
aligned with the AFSMS, units employing VPP will still follow the USAF mishap prevention
program guidance contained within this instruction. (T-1)
1.2. Vision. The Air Force vision is to be a world leader in safety management and provide care
for our Airmen and our environment to meet our air, space and cyberspace missions.
Accordingly, the Air Force is committed to the following three priorities:
1.2.1. Compliance. Comply with all safety and regulatory guidelines.
1.2.2. Risk Reduction. Protect our assets, personnel and material by effectively identifying
and managing risks.
1.2.3. Continuous Improvement. Instill a culture that encourages and supports continuous
improvement.
1.3. Use of AFSMS in the Mishap Prevention Program. Mishap prevention activities are
assigned to one of the four AFSMS pillars as depicted in Figure 1.1. Commanders at all levels
are responsible for developing and implementing a mishap prevention program utilizing the
AFSMS Pillars.

Figure 1.1. AFSMS Pillars.

10 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.3.1. The purpose of the AFSMS is to utilize the four pillars as depicted in Figure 1.2 as a
framework for structuring the AF mishap prevention program and activities used to minimize
risk and reduce the occurrence and cost of injuries, illnesses, fatalities and property damage.
Managing mishap prevention activities requires goal setting, planning, executing and
measuring performance utilizing continuous improvement processes through the Plan-Do-
Check-Act (PDCA) model as described in paragraph 1.5.
1.3.2. Leadership implements the mishap prevention program by providing guidance and
goals, establishing safety responsibility and accountability, applying risk management to all
activities, and promoting the program throughout the organization. This implementation
establishes the program designed to prevent mishaps, safeguard Airmen, protect resources
and preserve combat readiness.

Figure 1.2. AFSMS Framework.

1.4. AFSMS Pillars.

1.4.1. Policy and Leadership. Safety policy provides the framework to build a sound and
proactive mishap prevention program. Active leadership involvement in the implementation
and execution of the system supported at all levels of command is critical. The following are
descriptions and examples of safety policies, leadership engagement and Airmen
participation.
1.4.1.1. Safety Policy. Policies form the foundation of the mishap prevention program
using the AFSMS framework, providing expectations and requirements for integrating
AFSMS into the Air Force safety mission, vision, goals and objectives. Air Force safety
policy is established through Air Force Policy Directives, and implementation is directed
through Air Force Instructions (AFIs), Manuals (AFMANs) and Pamphlets (AFPAMs),
defining the directives, policies, procedures and organizational structures necessary to
implement the program.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 11

1.4.1.2. Leaders have overall responsibility for safe operations and must clearly establish
safety responsibility and accountability throughout the organization, communicating their
commitment to the safety and health of our Airmen. Safety staffs at all levels assist
commanders with the implementation and integration of safety management elements
into all activities.
1.4.1.3. Leaders will set safety policies and goals, and lead the mishap prevention
program SMS implementation, communicating safety management throughout the
organization by identifying and controlling safety risk, applying management principles
and promoting a strong safety culture.
1.4.1.4. Leadership engagement examples include, but are not limited to:
1.4.1.4.1. Commitment and Responsibility.
1.4.1.4.1.1. Directing the organization to implement and maintain a mishap
prevention program.
1.4.1.4.1.2. Providing leadership and assuming overall responsibility.
1.4.1.4.2. Accountability and Authority.
1.4.1.4.2.1. Establishing a documented safety policy and ensure the policy is
communicated to Airmen.
1.4.1.4.2.2. Holding Airmen at all levels accountable for effective program
implementation.
1.4.1.5. Airmen Participation. Airmen are required to be actively engaged in the mishap
prevention program. The organization shall establish and implement processes to ensure
effective participation by its Airmen at all levels. Proper use of the AFSMS elements
ensures Airmen engagement enhances the systems’ effectiveness and drives continuous
improvement. Examples include but are not limited to:
1.4.1.5.1. Encouraging and supporting Airmen participation in the mishap prevention
program.
1.4.1.5.2. Providing input to safety committees.
1.4.1.5.3. Conducting safety briefings.
1.4.1.5.4. Conducting safety-related inspections and assessments through recurring
unit-level safety inspections and briefings.
1.4.1.5.5. Hazard identification and risk assessments.
1.4.1.5.6. Safety and health-related training.
1.4.1.5.7. Job Safety Analyses.
1.4.1.5.8. Utilizing safety feedback mechanisms to communicate unit safety concerns
to leadership.
1.4.2. Risk Management (RM). Risk management is the key to mishap prevention. The Air
Force’s five-step Deliberate RM process is the core of the Air Force’s safety and mishap
prevention program. RM will be utilized to the maximum extent possible to identify and
assess hazards from which mitigating controls are developed. (T-1) Control measures
12 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

selected for implementation are then continuously monitored and analyzed to assess their
effectiveness. More details are available in AFI 90-802, Risk Management, and AFPAM 90-
803, Risk Management (RM) Guidelines and Tools.

Figure 1.3. The Air Force 5-Step RM Process.

1.4.3. Assurance. Safety assurance is the evaluation, review and monitoring that assures
commanders the elements of the mishap prevention program are being implemented, and
guides continuous improvement efforts. Assurance programs measure whether organizations
conform to standards and are making progress toward established goals. Assurance is
enhanced using the following elements:
1.4.3.1. Evaluation and Reporting Action. Evaluate system conformance and
performance through monitoring, measurements, mishap or near miss investigations,
inspections, assessments and evaluations. Corrective action must be taken when non-
conformance with system processes or execution of the system is identified. (T-1)
1.4.3.1.1. Inspection, Assessment and Evaluation Process. Identify potential hazards
and confirm risks during inspections, assessments and evaluations. (T-1) This process
focuses on compliance and conformance with the mishap prevention program and
performance results achieved.
1.4.3.1.2. Safety assurance processes will concentrate on validating, through
collection and analysis of objective evidence and/or data (i.e., documents, records,
metrics, inspection, evaluation), that operation, process, or system expectations
continue to be met or exceeded.
1.4.3.1.3. Safety assurance data acquisition will be obtained from numerous sources,
including continuous program monitoring/measurement, self-inspection, independent
internal process/program evaluation, external inspection/evaluation (Unit
Effectiveness Inspection [UEI], Management Inspection [MI], etc.), mishap/event
investigation and internal reporting systems (Hazard Reports, Airman Safety Action
Program [ASAP] Reports, High Accident Potential Reports, Management Internal
Control Toolset [MICT], etc.). (T-1) Ensure acquired data is actionable and
adequately measures operation, program process and/or system performance.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 13

(T-1)
1.4.3.2. Monitoring. Commanders will determine whether the system is performing
effectively and meeting regulatory requirements by monitoring the status of corrective
and preventive actions, injury/illness metrics, findings of incident investigations
(including near misses and close calls), inspections, assessments, audits, performance
measures and trend analysis. (T-2)
1.4.3.2.1. Sustained and Continuous Improvement Expectations. To be effective,
monitoring should ensure the necessary information is available for leadership to
evaluate the continuing suitability, adequacy, and effectiveness of the mishap
prevention program. It should also help commanders set improvement targets.
1.4.3.3. Leadership Review (Program Management Review [PMR]). The review is for
leadership and applicable process owners to conduct a strategic and tactical critical
evaluation of the conformance and performance of the mishap prevention program and
AFSMS framework, and to recommend improvements. Results and action items from this
review shall be documented, prioritized, communicated to affected organizations and
tracked to completion.
(T-1) See Attachment 17.
1.4.3.3.1. Implementation Expectations. After reviews, communicate expectations to
each Airman and incorporate these expectations into actionable tasks with clear
deliverables, and estimated completion dates. Additionally, revise program and/or
system requirements, as needed.
1.4.3.4. Miscellaneous safety assurance considerations:
1.4.3.4.1. Design Review and Management of Change. Identify and take appropriate
steps to prevent or otherwise control hazards at the design and redesign stages using
tools found in the System Safety and RM processes. Commanders, supervisors and
planners will utilize change management tools to assess and address change-induced
risks associated with operations and contingencies. (T-2)
1.4.3.4.2. Procurement. Identify and evaluate potential hazards prior to purchasing
products, goods and/or services. Ensure procedures and requirements are
communicated to suppliers and service providers.
1.4.3.4.3. Contracts. As appropriate, include safety processes in the Performance-
Based Work Statement (PWS) for contracted work.
1.4.3.4.4. Emergency Preparedness. Periodically evaluate plans IAW AFI 10-2501,
Air Force Emergency Management Program Planning and Operations.
1.4.3.4.5. Early Intervention of Hazards. Participate in existing Air Force proactive
safety programs, such as Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS)
and ASAP, that provide early identification and intervention for hazards. Use such
programs to identify, measure and mitigate hazards; revisit existing risk controls; and
determine the effectiveness of newly implemented risk mitigations. Jointly use
traditional mishap investigation data sources, i.e., Air Force Safety Automated
System (AFSAS), and proactive safety data sources, e.g., Military Flight Operations
Quality Assurance (MFOQA), to measure the risk posed by hazards to operations.
14 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.4.3.4.6. Consultation. Safety professionals provide consultation services in regards

to all aspects of safety. This includes by request, through assurance processes and/or
any other opportunities.
1.4.4. Promotion, Training and Education. Ensure Airmen are provided safety awareness
information, organizations have embedded ongoing training into the mishap prevention
program, and organizations have implemented effective risk control measures. (T-1)
1.4.4.1. Training and Competence. AF personnel (military, civilian) and advisory and
assistance services contractors shall know the mishap prevention program requirements
that apply to their daily duties. Records of training are generated and maintained as
directed by this instruction and other guidance.
1.4.4.2. Communications and Awareness. AF personnel shall understand practices
regarding possible hazard identification, control and reporting procedures. (T-0)
Additionally, they shall understand where and how they can practically participate in the
mishap prevention program.
(T-0)
1.4.4.3. Safety Culture. The ideal safety context for maximizing mishap reduction
through the AFSMS should be defined as an Informed Culture; comprised of a Just
Culture, Reporting Culture, Learning Culture and Flexible Culture, as described in the
elements of this section.
1.4.4.3.1. The foundation of an Informed Culture is a Just Culture, which encourages
personnel to provide safety-related information without fear of reprisal. A Just
Culture should be continuously promoted and reinforced through leadership actions
throughout organizations by encouraging members to address hazards and mitigate
risk without fear of adverse actions. Commanders must encourage reporting for safety
analysis and mishap prevention purposes, while establishing clear guidelines on
acceptable and unacceptable behavior. In a Just Culture, the immediate response by
personnel who become aware of a hazard should be to find “what happened and
why,” versus “who to blame and punish.” Leaders in a Just Culture should understand
and promote the notion that more can be learned through full reporting and detailed
investigation than blame and punishment. A Just Culture fosters partnerships for
identifying hazards and the root causes of events where safety was diminished. All
personnel must clearly understand and recognize that it is unacceptable to punish all
errors and unsafe acts regardless of their origins and circumstances while it is equally
unacceptable to give blanket immunity from sanctions to all actions that could, or did,
contribute to diminished safety. Commanders may not use safety investigation reports
for any purpose except mishap prevention, but other investigations may be used as a
basis for command disciplinary action, as appropriate.
1.4.4.3.2. As the second component of an Informed Culture, a Reporting Culture
should be continuously promoted and reinforced by leadership actions throughout
organizations by understanding the importance of voluntary reporting of safety threats
and errors in ensuring the persistent capability of airpower.
1.4.4.3.3. As the third component of an Informed Culture, a Learning Culture should
be continuously promoted and reinforced by leadership actions throughout
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 15

organizations by showing a willingness to change procedures and practices based on

uncovered hazards and mistakes before a mishap results.
1.4.4.3.4. As the fourth component of an Informed Culture, a Flexible Culture should
be continuously promoted and reinforced by leadership actions throughout
organizations by empowering personnel to recommend procedural and behavioral
changes to manage risk.
1.4.4.4. Airmen Participation. Airmen must be actively engaged in the mishap
prevention program. (T-1)
1.5. Continuous Improvement. The AFSMS implements and supports a continuous
improvement process by creating the framework to review safety conformance and performance.
It creates deliberate opportunities to refine and refocus suboptimal elements as trends develop,
interventions are successful or fail, new technology is introduced. While Figure 1.2 depicts
continuous improvement under the Assurance pillar, there is, in fact, a benefit of continuous
improvement through execution of the mishap prevention program using all pillars of the
AFSMS. Leaders from the squadron to the headquarters will use the PDCA methodology to
ensure that continuous improvement is being accomplished. (T-1) PDCA is an iterative four-step
management method used for the control and continuous improvement of processes and
products.
1.5.1. Plan. Establish the objectives and desired end state. Study programmatic shortfalls,
emerging trends and/or changing conditions. Outline possible countermeasures and the
necessary policy, programs, processes and actions necessary to deliver results IAW the
expected outcome (the target or goals). By establishing output expectations, the completeness
and accuracy of the specification becomes a part of the targeted improvement.
1.5.2. Do. Implement the plan, execute the process and make the product. Collect data for
charting and analysis in the following “CHECK” and “ACT” steps.
1.5.3. Check. Study the actual results (measured and collected in “DO” above) and compare
against the expected results (targets or goals from the “PLAN”) to ascertain any differences.
Look for deviations in implementation from the ”PLAN” and “DO” parts of the cycle that
may have affected execution. Charting data can make it much easier to see trends over
several PDCA cycles and convert the collected data into information. Information is what
you need for the next step “ACT.”
1.5.4. Act. Request corrective actions on significant differences between actual and planned
results. Analyze the differences to determine their root causes. Determine where to apply
changes that will include improvement of the process or product. (T-1) At the conclusion of
the reviews in this part of the cycle, there should be evidence of the future direction of the
mishap prevention program and any needed changes to the policy, priorities objectives,
resources or other program elements.
1.6. Mishap Prevention Program Disciplines (Aviation, Occupational, Weapons, Space,
etc.). Each mishap prevention program discipline will direct more specific functional
management responsibilities and RM processes via AFIs, standards and manuals. (T-1) Air
Force Host and Tenant safety offices will implement these programs IAW this instruction. (T-1)
Any inter-organization and inter-service agreements will be addressed in formal support
documents. (T-2) Regardless of any support agreement or executive agency guidelines,
16 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

requirements for this instruction must be satisfied. (T-1) The mishap prevention program will
address: (T-1)
1.6.1. Methods to target groups at increased risk for mishaps, injury or illness as directed by
the commander, or as indicated through hazard identification processes.
1.6.2. Processes for tracking and trending hazards, errors and incidents, as well as methods
for determining program effectiveness.
1.6.3. Funding for safety programs.
1.6.4. Metrics for measuring performance (See examples in Chapter 5).
1.6.5. Safety goals, objectives and milestones that support Air Force established goals.
1.6.6. Methods to identify and disseminate safety “best practices,” “benchmarks,” etc.
1.7. Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) Guidance and Applying
Standards. AFOSH guidance must be followed at all times and is the minimum guidance
necessary to provide a safe and healthful work environment for all Airmen and other Department
of Defense (DoD)/government personnel working on Air Force installations. (T-0) Air Force
activities must comply with OSHA requirements at all times unless the military-unique
exemption applies according to DoDI 6055.01, DoD Safety and Occupational Health Program.
(T-0) AFOSH requirements shall provide equal or greater protection than applicable federal
regulatory standards. (T-0) All Air Force units must comply with applicable safety guidance
during all Air Force operations. (T-1) The Air Force may develop supplementary or alternative
guidance where inadequate or no federal regulatory standards are applicable. MAJCOMs, DRUs
and FOAs may supplement AFOSH guidance when additional or more stringent safety, fire
prevention or health criteria are required. When there is conflicting guidance, apply that
guidance which provides the most protection. Safety offices will maintain (or have access to) a
reference library to include national consensus standards and other mission-related technical and
safety guidance. (T-2)
1.7.1. AFOSH guidance sources include:
1.7.1.1. Regulatory Federal Standards. The Air Force complies with applicable
Department of Labor (DoL) OSHA , Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Department of
Transportation standards incorporating specific requirements by reference into AFOSH
guidance or technical orders (TOs).
1.7.1.2. AFOSH Standards and Guidance. Air Force published guidance is located at
http://www.e-publishing.af.mil. The Air Force publishes industrial and general
occupational safety guidance as Air Force instructions, which implement applicable
OSHA standards. In some cases, AFOSH guidance supplements OSHA standards or
covers areas not addressed by OSHA, e.g., uniquely military equipment, systems and
operations. Area-specific instructions and technical data include other safety criteria.
When AFOSH guidance or safety criteria do not cover a situation, use non-Air Force
standards including national consensus standards, professional safety and health
standards, and other federal agency standards. When there is conflicting guidance, use the
guidance that provides the most protection. Refer conflicts between OSHA, AFI, AFOSH
guidelines and TOs to AFSEC/SE through the appropriate MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety
office for resolution. (T-0)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 17

1.7.1.3. TOs and manufacturers’ guidance (e.g., Safety Data Sheets [SDS]) for specific
processes, aircraft and equipment.
1.7.1.4. Reference library maintained by the installation occupational safety manager to
include national consensus standards and other technical and safety guidance.
1.7.2. Joint-Use Workplaces. Personnel from different DoD Components or other federal
agencies working in the same workplace shall be governed by OSHA standards and any
applicable agency standards, host/tenant support agreements, joint base instructions, etc. (T-
0)
1.7.3. Military-Unique Situations. OSHA standards do not apply to military-unique
workplaces, operations, equipment and systems. However, DoD and Air Force policy is that
OSHA standards shall apply when practicable and consistent with military requirements,
unless HQ AFSEC or AFMSA/SG3P approves a variance or exemption.
1.7.4. Variances and Exemptions. The affected work center shall process a request for
variance when it is impractical or impossible to meet OSHA standards or AFOSH
requirements due to operational needs, mission impact or technical reasons. Variances are
temporary and are normally granted for periods not to exceed five years. Exemptions grant
permanent relief from a requirement and may be approved when the applicant can
substantiate that their proposed methods, equipment or facilities protect the worker as well or
better than the AFOSH requirements or applicable OSHA Standards. AFSEC and Air Force
Medical Support Agency (AFMSA) may grant variances or exemptions to AFOSH and
environmental requirements, and AFI 91-203 guidance that are more stringent than
applicable OSHA requirements. Neither AFSEC nor AFMSA has the authority to grant a
variance or exemption to an applicable OSHA standard. Only OSHA can grant waivers or
exemptions to applicable Title 29 (OSHA) requirements, even if they are included in AFOSH
guidance. AFSEC will serve as the liaison between OSHA and the Air Force when seeking
OSHA safety-related waivers or exemptions. Note: A unit’s inability to fund corrective
actions does not constitute sufficient justification to request a waiver, variance or exemption.
Request extensions for variances through MAJCOM/FOA/DRUs to HQ AFSEC/SEG or
AFMSA/SG3/5, as applicable and appropriate. (T-0)
1.7.4.1. Variance/Exemption Process.
1.7.4.1.1. Affected workcenter personnel shall implement interim control measures
and notify the installation occupational safety (or tenant unit safety, if applicable), fire
or health officials to validate the effectiveness of interim controls. With effective
controls in place, the workcenter will coordinate the variance/exemption package
with installation occupational safety (or tenant unit safety, if applicable), fire and
health officials. (T-0)
1.7.4.1.2. The installation safety office (or tenant unit safety, if applicable) will
assemble a detailed staff package that identifies the request, rationale why the
standard cannot be followed, interim control measures, drawing, maps, etc., and
forward the request to MAJCOM/FOA/DRU headquarters through appropriate
command safety, fire or health channels. Any tenant unit safety staff working a
variance or exemption will coordinate the product with the host safety office before
sending it forward to the tenant unit’s higher headquarters. (T-0)
18 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.7.4.1.3. The MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety staff reviews and, if recommended for

approval, forwards requests to AFSEC/SEG (safety-related issues), Air Force Civil
Engineering Center (AFCEC)/CC (fire prevention and facilities-related issues) or
AFMSA/SG3/5 (health-related issues), as appropriate, for final approval. Note:
Requests received without MAJCOM/FOA/DRU coordination will be returned to
requestor without action.
1.7.4.1.4. The MAJCOM/FOA/DRU/installation occupational safety manager
maintains a master file of approved variances or exemptions that apply respectively to
the entire Air Force or MAJCOM/FOA/DRU/AF/installation as long as they are in
effect and for one year thereafter. The safety manager distributes copies of variances
and exemptions to fire protection, health and functional managers, as needed. Select
variances can be found at the AFSEC/SEG website: https://cs3.eis.af.mil/sites/OO-
SE-AF-18/SEGS/default.aspx. Functional managers or supervisors, as appropriate,
must train affected employees and employee representatives on approved variances,
exemptions or any special procedures required; such training will be documented.
Post copies of approved variances and exemptions in affected work areas until
integrated into the Job Safety Training Outline (JSTO). (T-0)
1.7.4.2. Written variance or exemption requests must contain: (T-0)
1.7.4.2.1. A description of the situation identifying the OSHA standard, AFOSH
requirement or AFI 91-203 paragraph and specific reason(s) compliance is not
possible or practical.
1.7.4.2.2. The number of personnel exposed to the operation or condition on a
regular basis and any major items of Air Force property involved.
1.7.4.2.3. The description and risk assessment of permanent control measures
planned, date they will be in place and any interim control measures used to protect
personnel, equipment or property.
1.7.5. Safety Changes to Technical Orders. Process recommended changes to TOs IAW TO
00-5-1, Air Force Technical Order System. Send a copy of recommended changes to
AFMC/SEG and AFSEC/SEG.
1.7.6. Changes to Directives. Submit requests for changes to occupational safety and health
(OSH) guidelines in Air Force instructions through command channels to the directive OPR.
Safety, fire and health reviews, as appropriate, shall be accomplished at each level of
command between the requester and the directive OPR. Send a copy of recommended
changes to HQ AFSEC/SEG, AFCEC/CEXF, and/or AFMSA/SG3/5, as applicable. (T-0)
1.7.7. Occupational Health. Ensure commanders, supervisors, workers and occupational
environmental health subject matter experts utilize a Plan, Do, Check, Act system to assess
health risks in the workplace.
1.8. Program Responsibilities.
1.8.1. The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Installations, Environment and Energy
(SAF/IE).
1.8.1.1. The SAF/IE is the Department of the Air Force’s Designated Agency Safety and
Health Officer (DASHO). The SAF/IE delegates program responsibilities, except the
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 19

DASHO duties, to the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and
Infrastructure (SAF/IEE).
1.8.1.2. Provides policy, guidance, direction and oversight of all matters pertaining to the
formulation, review and execution of plans, policies, programs and budgets relative to the
mishap prevention and ESOH programs.
1.8.1.3. Conducts PMRs of the Air Force ESOH programs, at least annually, with AF/SE
and AF/SG. Reports the progress of the Air Force ESOH programs to the Deputy
Undersecretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) (DUSD [I&E]), as requested.
1.8.1.4. Establishes strategic goals and objectives, develops performance measures and
assigns responsibilities in coordination with AF/SE. (T-1)
1.8.1.5. Conducts Headquarters United States Air Force (HQ USAF) Environment,
Safety, and Occupational Health Council (ESOHC) meetings IAW AFI 90-801,
Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Councils.
1.8.1.6. Collects, analyzes and reports AF-wide performance information to Office of the
Secretary of Defense (OSD) IAW DoDI 6055.01, DoD Safety and Occupational Health
(SOH) Program, DoDI 6055.04, DoD Traffic Safety Program, and DoDI 6055.07,
Mishap Notification, Investigation, Reporting, and Record Keeping, as applicable.
1.8.1.7. Establish procedures for communication with interested external parties.
1.8.1.8. IAW Headquarters AF Mission Directive (HAFMD) 1-18, has authority over the
AF RM Process as described in DODI 6055.01, DoD Safety and Occupational Health
(SOH) Program, and AFI 90-802.
1.8.2. The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition (SAF/AQ):
1.8.2.1. Develops policy and provides guidance to ensure technical and engineering
criteria for developing and acquiring Air Force systems and equipment that conforms
with OSHA standards, and AFI, AFOSH, explosives and system safety requirements as
well as other applicable safety criteria to ensure safe systems and equipment are
developed by the Air Force.
1.8.2.2. Coordinates guidance and federal acquisition regulations involving AFOSH
matters with AF/SE, SAF/IE and Air Force Surgeon General (AF/SG).
1.8.2.3. Ensures program developmental and sustaining engineering activities include the
identification and elimination of hazards when possible and the mitigation of risks for
hazards that cannot be eliminated throughout the life cycle of a system or facility
including operational experience, mission changes, environmental effects or system
modifications.
1.8.2.4. Provides policy guidance to ensure hazards associated with decommissioning or
disposal of a system are identified.
1.8.2.5. Develops Air Force policy and guidance for the implementation of safety and
health requirements during acquisition and sustainment life cycle management. Ensures
contracts include applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation/DoD Federal Acquisition
Regulation Supplement/Air Force Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement
(FAR/DFARS/AFFARS) safety clauses..
20 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.2.6. Includes ESOH RM concepts and responsibilities in the education and training
of acquisition personnel.
1.8.3. The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Financial Management and Comptroller
(SAF/FM):
1.8.3.1. Determines process for Risk Assessment Code (RAC) funding visibility, priority
and implementation procedures for funding the abatement of safety, fire and health
hazards.
1.8.3.2. Encourages use of the RAC system on Resource Allocation Programming
Information Decision System (RAPIDS) used during the corporate budgeting process.
1.8.3.3. Includes ESOH RM concepts and responsibilities in the education and training
of financial management/comptroller personnel.
1.8.3.4. Ensures scoring of ESOH risk data analysis for financial project management
and programming.
1.8.4. The Air Force Surgeon General (AF/SG):
1.8.4.1. Establishes goals, objectives, policy and standards for occupational and
environmental health.
1.8.4.2. Ensures Air Force occupational and environmental health policies meet or
exceed OSHA and other applicable requirements.
1.8.4.3. Develops health-related policies which support the Air Force mishap prevention
program.
1.8.4.4. Develops and facilitates use of human factors standards in mishap prevention.
Ensures use of tools that address human error identification and reduction related to
fatigue, stress and other emotional, psychological or physiological factors.
1.8.4.5. Provides subject matter experts (SMEs) in human factors.
1.8.5. The Deputy Chief of Staff Logistics, Engineering and Force Protection (AF/A4):
1.8.5.1. Ensures maintenance and logistics policy address and comply with all applicable
safety and health standards.
1.8.5.2. Ensures Air Force procedures for storing, handling, using and transporting
hazardous materials and disposing of wastes comply with transportation regulations
environmental statutes and occupational regulations.
1.8.5.3. Ensures civil engineering procedures, operations, technical publications and
designs for new construction meet or exceed OSHA and AFOSH guidance, as well as
explosives and other safety criteria.
1.8.5.4. Ensures policy addresses and mitigates the potential for human error associated
with logistics and engineering activities.
1.8.5.5. Integrates ESOH RM and risk reduction into the sustainment decision-making
process.
1.8.5.6. Incorporates ESOH principles in policies, procedures and training.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 21

1.8.5.7. Determines process for RAC funding visibility, priority and implementation
procedures within the Integrated Priority List corporate process for funding safety, fire
and health hazards abatement.
1.8.6. The Deputy Chief of Staff Personnel (AF/A1):
1.8.6.1. Develops policy on personnel matters relating to AFOSH.
1.8.6.2. Provides guidance for commanders and supervisory personnel to meet
accountability and performance requirements for the AFOSH program.
1.8.6.3. Serves as the OPR for Federal Employees’ Compensation Act (FECA) at the Air
Staff level.
1.8.6.4. Establishes a process through which Airmen are evaluated on Safety and
Occupational Health (SOH) duties and responsibilities within the applicable appraisal
system.
1.8.6.5. Provides guidance to ensure supervisory personnel appraisals address SOH
conformance and reflect responsibility for the management of SOH programs in their
area of responsibility. Such appraisals should specifically include an evaluation of their
SOH program management performance.
1.8.6.6. Incorporates AFOSH program orientation into training programs for new
civilian employees.
1.8.7. Headquarters, Air Force Directorate of Test and Evaluation (AF/TE). Provides
direction and guidance to ensure test organizations assess safety standards and hazards prior
to testing.
1.8.8. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations (AF/A3).
1.8.8.1. Develops policy and guidance for use and management of AF-operated
operational ranges.
1.8.8.2. Ensures applicable environmental, safety and operation health programs and
requirements are incorporated within operational range AFPDs and AFIs.
1.8.9. The Air Force Chief of Safety (AF/SE):
1.8.9.1. Is the OPR for Air Force safety programs.
1.8.9.2. Directs implementation of Public Law, Executive Orders, Department of
Defense Directives (DoDD) and Department of Defense Instructions (DoDI) on safety.
1.8.9.3. Directs implementation of the Air Force Mishap Prevention Program within the
framework of the AFSMS.
1.8.9.4. Emphasizes safety management strategies to drive mishap prevention program
and safety management system requirements.
1.8.9.5. Provides direct liaison with MAJCOM Directors of Safety on mishap prevention
program and safety management system implementation by providing training, SMEs
and incorporating AFSMS principles into existing training courses.
1.8.9.6. Serves as the lead agent for the overall cross-functional integration and
sustainment effort of AF RM processes and procedures IAW AFI 90-802 requirements.
22 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.9.7. Attends or delegates attendance to the Joint Service Safety Council.

1.8.9.8. Chairs or delegates chairmanship of the AF Senior Safety Advisory Council.
1.8.10. The Air Force Safety Center (HQ AFSEC), under the command of the AF/SE:
1.8.10.1. Develops, implements, oversees and funds as appropriate, Air Force Mishap
Prevention Programs within the framework of the AFSMS.
1.8.10.2. Develops safety programs, policies, goals, objectives and establishes guidelines
to support and assess effectiveness of the mishap prevention program.
1.8.10.3. Acts as liaison for safety matters with DoD components, federal agencies and
private sector groups.
1.8.10.4. Prepares and publishes Air Force Instructions covering Air Force-unique
operations and provides implementation guidance for applicable standards.
1.8.10.5. In conjunction with AF/SG, develops special guidance for Air Force operations
where OSHA, AFI and AFOSH guidance is not available or is inadequate.
1.8.10.6. Serves as the approving authority and repository for all safety-related variances
within the Air Force.
1.8.10.7. Coordinates testing to ensure Air Force compliance with DoD Explosives
Safety standards.
1.8.10.8. Develops procedural rules to ensure compliance with DoD and Department of
Energy (DOE) rules related to nuclear systems.
1.8.10.9. Coordinates, facilitates, develops and provides safety education and training
where appropriate.
1.8.10.10. In coordination with MAJCOMs/DRUs/FOAs, ensures identified safety
hazards are managed within the hazard abatement program (Chapter 4).
1.8.10.11. Performs safety evaluations of MAJCOMs and DRUs, and FOAs with a safety
staff at least every 36 months.
1.8.10.12. Collect annual (CY) OSHA 300, Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illness,
and OSHA Form 300A, Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illness, for submission to
the Bureau of Labor and Statistics by 30 May each year.
1.8.10.13. Manages the Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS)
survey process and conducts Organizational Safety Assessments (OSA) of organizations
or wings, as requested by commanders.
1.8.10.14. Reviews records disposition for functional records IAW AFMAN 33-363,
Management of Records.
1.8.10.15. Provides and maintains a centralized suite of mishap reporting, data collection
and analytical tools or resources for use at all levels of the Air Force Safety enterprise.
1.8.10.16. Conducts specialized analyses and studies at the request of the Congress,
Chief of Staff of the Air Force, Air Force Chief of Safety, Headquarters Air Force and
MAJCOM/DRU/FOA Commanders.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 23

1.8.10.17. Provides discipline specific SME in safety and the AFSMS.

1.8.10.18. Coordinates with applicable agencies to ensure safety requirements and issues
(e.g., safety related FAR clauses) are addressed in guidance and directives.
1.8.10.19. Serves as consultants on assessments, evaluations and mitigation of human
factors and human performance hazards.
1.8.10.20. Performs Air Force-level trend analysis of mishaps, incidents, risk, hazards
and errors, and publishes results.
1.8.10.21. Serves as safety consultants for safety related investigations.
1.8.10.22. Maintains and upgrades AFSAS program, database and all associated
information technology (IT) tools necessary for AFSAS operation and maintenance.
1.8.10.23. IAW AFI 90-802, serves as the lead agent for the overall cross-functional
integration and sustainment effort of AF RM processes and procedures.
1.8.10.24. Conducts the AF Senior Safety Advisory Council.
1.8.10.25. Conducts the AF Occupational Safety Corporate Committee.
1.8.10.26. Conducts the AF Space Safety Councils.
1.8.11. MAJCOM/DRU/FOA/Numbered Air Force (NAF)/Center Commanders:
1.8.11.1. Direct implementation and provide resources for the mishap prevention
program within the framework of the AFSMS.
1.8.11.2. Establish and maintain a safety program that provides a safe and healthful
workplace. Ensure command guidelines meet or exceed applicable safety program
requirements.
1.8.11.3. Ensure subordinate commanders enforce compliance with safety requirements.
1.8.11.4. Ensure a process is in place for new commanders to receive training on their
safety responsibilities.
1.8.11.5. Develop procedures to identify command mishap trends and direct actions and
resources in order to establish goals and objectives to reverse identified adverse mishap
trends.
1.8.11.6. Ensure safety program performance is included in rating of subordinate
commanders, and senior civilian supervisory personnel’s performance using guidance
provided by AF/A1.
1.8.11.7. Establish funding priorities for hazard abatement projects during the MAJCOM
corporate planning, programming and budgeting process.
1.8.11.8. Coordinate safety directives, instructions and supplements with HQ AFSEC.
Subordinate unit supplements will be approved by their parent command. MAJCOM
programming plans, safety annexes, CONOPs, etc., should be shared with HQ AFSEC
and MAJCOM safety staffs as cross-feed items. When such documents impact other
commands, coordination with HQ AFSEC is required. (T-1)
24 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.11.9. Ensure command personnel are aware of commander’s goals and related
expectations for safety.
1.8.11.10. Ensure contracts include provisions requiring contractors to maintain an
effective safety and health program on Air Force-owned sites that complies with
applicable DoL, DoD and Air Force safety standards.
1.8.11.11. Ensure all personnel are provided requisite formal and informal training
courses, educational programs and other activities to enable them to meet their respective
mishap prevention responsibilities.
1.8.11.12. Chair the MAJCOM Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Council
according to AFI 90-801.
1.8.11.13. Support and ensure installations execute cooperative efforts to reduce injuries
and illness across the Air Force by implementing safety and occupational health
management systems throughout the Air Force.
1.8.12. MAJCOM/DRU/FOA/NAF/Center Safety Staffs:
1.8.12.1. Oversee implementation for the mishap prevention program within the
framework of the AFSMS.
1.8.12.2. Evaluate management, implementation and effectiveness of the Air Force
Mishap Prevention Program within the command IAW AFI 90-201, The Air Force
Inspection System, and Chapter 3 of this instruction. (T-1) Ensure the evaluation criteria
includes a qualitative rating system (e.g., 2-tier or 3-tier) with written criteria, to measure
compliance, conformance and performance of the safety programs and AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.12.3. Report results directly to MAJCOM/DRU/FOA/NAF/Center Commander.
Based on assessment/evaluation result, identify opportunities for continuous
improvement.
1.8.12.4. Track program evaluation deficiencies and monitor corrective actions until
closure.
1.8.12.5. Review and analyze applicable mishap reports from other organizations for
lessons learned. Distribute mishap prevention data and other safety related
communications to subordinate units. Note: Lessons learned can be viewed via AFSAS.
1.8.12.6. Assist and advise commanders and supervisors at all levels to understand their
responsibility to ensure plans, procedures, facilities, equipment
modifications/acquisitions, hardware, software and operations receive a safety review and
incorporate effective RM, hazard elimination/mitigation and mishap reduction features.
1.8.12.7. Represent the cross-functional interest of their command during applicable
councils, committees and meetings, e.g., Senior Safety Advisory Council (SSAC),
Occupational Safety Corporate Committee (OSCC), Non-Nuclear Munitions Safety
Board, Explosives Safety Committee. (T-2)
1.8.12.8. Coordinate with appropriate staff agencies to ensure explosives site plans
comply with explosives and other safety criteria. Forwards explosives site plans for
review and coordination to HQ AFSEC/SEW IAW AFMAN 91-201, Explosives Safety
Standards.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 25

1.8.12.9. Advocate for funding of safety training for command safety personnel.
Maintain a current list of safety training courses required/completed by each career safety
professional, as defined by paragraph 2.1.2, to include name of course(s), date courses
completed and courses required. MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs can delegate tracking of
training.
1.8.12.10. Advocate safety training and required funding to assist command safety
personnel in meeting their continuing education unit (CEU) requirements through various
funding sources available, i.e., civilian personnel, base level civilian training, AFPC,
Federal Safety and Health councils, as well as organizational funding.
1.8.12.11. Evaluate local On-the-Job Training (OJT) and continuation training of safety
personnel during program evaluations.
1.8.12.12. For all mishap investigations conducted by subordinate units, safety
investigation boards or a single investigating officer, ensure compliance with the
reporting criteria outlined in AFI 91-204, Safety Investigations and Reports, and the
applicable manuals: AFMAN 91-221, Weapons Safety Investigations and Reports,
AFMAN 91-222, Space Safety Investigations and Reports, AFMAN 91-223, Aviation
Safety Investigations and Reports, and AFMAN 91-224, Ground Safety Investigations
and Reports.
1.8.12.13. Review mishap investigation reports for thoroughness and accuracy, to
include Class A and B mishaps investigated below the MAJCOM level. Ensure the
findings, causes and recommendations of reports comply with the direction in AFI 91-
204.
1.8.12.14. Ensure a process is in place to identify, train and track training of potential
safety investigation board members within the MAJCOM staff.
1.8.12.15. Ensure all with access to privileged safety information receive annual training
on the proper handling procedures and document the training.
1.8.12.16. Assist commanders and functional managers on implementation and
integration of RM language into command operations and instructions to include RM and
risk assessment processes.
1.8.12.17. Develop supplements for AFI and AFOSH guidance when command-unique
operations exist. Submit supplements to HQ AFSEC for approval prior to publication.
Supplements should delineate methods for accomplishing safety program management
responsibilities to include, at a minimum, guidance on:
1.8.12.17.1. The process for scheduling and conducting commander-requested Staff
Assistance Visits (SAVs) for subordinate units.
1.8.12.17.2. Conducting analysis at the installation level and below; resources
available to identify and analyze mishap trends and guidance on how to present this
data to subordinate units and commanders for mishap prevention.
1.8.12.17.3. Command mishap reporting procedures. Tracking of all open Class A/B
mishap safety recommendations with OPR within their command to closure IAW AFI
91-204. For Class C and D mishaps, and Class E events, the MAJCOM/FOA/DRU
26 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

will develop internal procedures IAW AFI 91-204 for units to effectively manage
final disposition of recommendations.
1.8.12.17.4. Reviewing safety alert messages (which could come from a number of
sources, e.g., manufactures, users, Program Managers) and ensuring all subordinate
units take appropriate actions.
1.8.12.17.5. Coordinating and processing annual and recurring safety awards IAW
AFI 36-2833, Safety Awards.
1.8.12.17.6. Providing command unique training to subordinate units’ safety staff.
1.8.12.17.7. Responsibilities and/or expectations of the NAFs in regards to the
management and implementation of the Air Force Mishap Prevention Program.
1.8.12.17.8. Providing unique requirements to subordinate units for implementation
into local Air Force Supervisor Safety Training (SST) classes.
1.8.12.18. Provide direction and guidance identifying documentation, by discipline, that
must be uploaded in unit MICT. Refer to AFI 90-201 and AFI 33-360, Publications and
Forms Management, for additional guidance.
1.8.13. Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) and Air Force Space Command (AFSPC):
1.8.13.1. Develops policy and provides guidance on applying System Safety
management and engineering.
1.8.13.2. Identifies and corrects product safety deficiencies, gives technical assistance to
mishap investigation boards, and implements corrective action involving materiel safety
aspects of mishap reports as required by AFI 91-204. Manages budgets provided for
mishap investigation support.
1.8.13.3. Ensures system, aviation, space, occupational, directed energy and
weapons/explosives safety experts are consulted very early in the life cycles of
acquisition programs.
1.8.13.4. Maintains a master hazard abatement program for centrally procured systems
and equipment applied to end products.
1.8.13.5. Ensures design criteria complies with: commercial standards, military
requirements and joint standards, as well as applicable AFOSH and/or OSHA
requirements.
1.8.13.6. Periodically reviews design handbooks, TOs, military specifications, military
standards and allowance standards (AS) to ensure safety and health criteria and
procedures in those documents comply with safety guidance. Ensures human factors and
reduction of human error potential are factored into the system design, through the use of
System Safety Groups, Human Factors review, etc., and based upon inputs from System
Safety and Human Systems Integration (HSI) activities.
1.8.13.7. Monitors the Government Industry Data Exchange Program, distributes
information and corrective action to eliminate or reduce use of hazardous products.
1.8.13.8. Develops and encourages use of human factors standards in mishap prevention.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 27

1.8.13.9. Ensures use of tools that address human error identification and reduction
related to fatigue, stress and other emotional, psychological or physiological factors.
1.8.14. Air Education and Training Command (AETC):
1.8.14.1. Reviews new and revised technical training course specialty and job
qualification training objectives and outlines to ensure safety requirements are being met.
1.8.14.2. Ensures mishap prevention programs and RM concepts are embedded in
technical training and Professional Military Education (PME).
1.8.14.3. Incorporates AFOSH program orientation into training programs for officer and
enlisted accessions and new civilian employees.
1.8.14.4. Develops and oversees safety training guidance for the development and
management of formal technical training (non-flying), OJT, ancillary and additional duty
training, automated training record and learning management systems, and Mission
Readiness Training (MRT).
1.8.15. Installation Commanders (Host):
1.8.15.1. Direct implementation and provide resources for the mishap prevention
program within the framework of the AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.15.2. Provide safe and healthful workplaces for all installation personnel. (T-0)
1.8.15.3. Ensure leadership at all levels is held accountable for enforcing safety and
occupational health standards. (T-1) Based on assessment/evaluation results, identify
continuous improvement opportunities, goals and objectives via the APMR.
1.8.15.4. Promote safety and occupational health awareness (e.g. culture, environment
and atmosphere) and enforce personal accountability. (T-2)
1.8.15.5. Encourage and support Airmen participation in safety and health program
activities.
1.8.15.6. When appropriate, provide incentives to Airmen for participation in Airmen-led
safety and health program activities. See AFI 65-601 V1, Budget Guidance and
Procedures, for guidance regarding promotional or incentive gifts and awards, including
exceptions. (T-2)
1.8.15.7. Develop and implement safety and health programs and RM processes that
integrate hazard reduction and safety policy into on-duty and off-duty operations and
activities. (T-1)
1.8.15.8. Serve as chairperson of the ESOHC, but may delegate to the vice wing
commander. (T-1)
1.8.15.9. Review interim control measures and establish funding priorities for hazard
abatement projects. (T-2)
1.8.15.10. Ensure safety and occupational health program requirements and mishap
prevention are part of the measurement of group/squadron commanders and senior
civilian supervisory personnel’s performance appraisals using guidance provided by
AF/A1. (T-0)
28 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.15.11. Minimize assigning full-time safety personnel additional duties not directly
associated with duties described in 91-series directives and their supplements. Note:
This expectation should be applied to all safety offices, host or tenant.
1.8.15.12. Ensure functional managers and supervisors (rather than the safety staff) take
actions to mitigate hazards and reduce risk. (T-2)
1.8.15.13. Integrate safety and occupational health into all operations and missions of the
installation’s organizations. (T-1)
1.8.15.14. Emphasize RM and personal accountability. (T-2)
1.8.15.15. Ensure the installation safety office has established written procedures to
define how to support OSHA representative(s) during official installation visits or
inquiries. These procedures will be approved by the installation commander. (T-1)
1.8.15.16. Publish guidance informing command personnel of expectations for safety
and occupational health. (T-1)
1.8.15.17. Ensure commanders, functional managers, and requirements generators work
with the base contracting office and the installation safety staff to ensure all contracts
require contractors and subcontractors (e.g., contract aircraft maintenance and grounds
maintenance) to provide a contractor safety and health plan (as applicable) and to
promptly report pertinent facts regarding mishaps involving government personnel or
property coincident to work performed as part of the Statement of Work that occur on or
off an Air Force installation IAW AFI 91-204. (T-1)
1.8.15.18. Provide adequate funding and support for safety and occupational health
program (e.g., funding for required safety training). See 29 CFR 1960.7, Financial
Management. (T-1)
1.8.15.19. Ensure an APMR is performed by the safety staff IAW this instruction to
determine AFSMS effectiveness and to make necessary changes to the future program
elements as a means of continual improvement. (T-1)
1.8.15.20. Ensure deployable safety personnel are properly trained prior to deployment.
1.8.15.21. Review annual (CY) OSHA 300, Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illness,
and sign the OSHA Form 300A, Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illness, for the
OSHA establishment delineated in AFSAS NLT 31 January each year. This task may be
delegated to the vice commander or executive director. AFSEC/SEG will collect all
reports for submission to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics by 30 May each year. (T-0)
1.8.16. Installation Safety Office (host):
1.8.16.1. Oversees implementation of the mishap prevention program within the
framework of the AFSMS. (T-2)
1.8.16.2. Advises commanders, functional managers, supervisors and workers on safety
matters. (T-2)
1.8.16.3. Provides safety office member as an active participant of the FECA working
group if one is held at the installation. Lends support to specific issues and assists with
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 29

problem solving at other base meetings (e.g., Aerospace Medicine Council, Occupational
and Environmental Health Working Group, Sports Councils). (T-2)
1.8.16.4. Manages proactive on-duty and off-duty safety programs. (T-2)
1.8.16.5. Conducts safety program assessments and inspections of their command
subordinate units, both local and geographically separated. Conducts inspections of
tenant units without an assigned safety staff or as otherwise specified IAW Support
Agreements. The tenant unit inspection will include a validation of job safety training and
documentation. Tracks open findings and discrepancies until closure. Note: Host will not
perform safety program assessments or inspections of tenant organizations with full-time
safety staffs, unless otherwise specified in host tenant support agreement. HAF,
MAJCOM, Air Force Operational Test Evaluation Center (AFOTEC), NAF and Center
safety offices are not configured as a traditional safety office IAW AFMS 106AXX and
are, therefore, treated as a tenant unit without an assigned safety staff. They will follow
the host program unless otherwise specified in a host tenant support agreement. Special
consideration may also be needed for Guard or Reserve safety offices with only
traditional Guardsmen or Reservists. (T-2)
1.8.16.6. Ensures appropriate assignment of OPRs or OCRs for mishap
recommendations and that they are notified and actively manage the recommendations
through closure, providing status updates as outlined in AFI 91-204. (T-1)
1.8.16.7. Manages installation master hazard abatement program. Assigns RACs to
hazards and coordinates with health and fire protection officials when required. (T-1)
1.8.16.8. Processes hazard reports and manages the hazard reporting process. (T-1)
1.8.16.9. Conducts safety education programs and provides assistance to supervisors in
developing Job Safety Training Outlines (JSTOs) and Job Safety Analyses (JSAs).
Completes Part 4 of AF Form 1754, Job Capability and Safety Analysis, when submitted
by Medical Treatment Facility (MTF). (T-1)
1.8.16.10. Reviews airfield waiver packages, to include airfield construction
phasing/safety plans. (T-2)
1.8.16.11. Oversees Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) programs in
coordination with Airfield Manager, Operations and CE. (T-2)
1.8.16.12. Ensures mishaps are properly investigated and reported in accordance with
AFI 91-204 and discipline specific manuals (e.g., AFMANs 91-221, 222, 223, 224). (T-
1)
1.8.16.13. Ensures all with access to privileged safety information receive annual
training on the proper handling procedures and document the training.
1.8.16.14. Maintains a list of potential Safety Investigation Board (SIB) members who
have completed the formal training requirements according to AFI 91-204 and discipline
specific manuals (e.g., AFMANs 91-221, 222, 223, 224), and provides a copy to
MAJCOM/SE when requested, through the NAF or Center safety office, as applicable. In
addition, maintains a list of potential medical consultants for SIBs such as Psychologists,
Flight Surgeons, and Aerospace and Operational Physiologists (AOP)/Aerospace and
Operational Physiology Training (AOPT) team personnel who have completed Aircraft
30 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Mishap Investigation and Prevention (AMIP), Aircraft Mishap Investigation Course

(AMIC), Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation (MINA) or the Aviation Safety Program
Manager (ASPM) course. (T-2)
1.8.16.15. Provides identified potential Interim Safety Board (ISB) and SIB members
training annually on the basics of mishap investigation. (T-1) Note: This requirement is
not applicable for AFRC. This annual training is also required for Flight Surgeons,
Operational Psychologists and AOP/AOPT personnel who have completed at least one of
the following courses: AMIP, AMIC and MINA. (T-1)
1.8.16.16. Develops and coordinates the Mishap Response Plan, addressing all
disciplines, in conjunction with Installation Emergency Manager for integration with the
overall Installation Emergency Management Plan (IEMP). Ensures the plan defines roles,
responsibilities and notification requirements for leadership and all involved agencies.
Reviews other emergency plans and procedures to include, but not limited to: SAFE
HAVEN, SAFE PARKING, HAZMAT and disaster response required by AFI 10-2501,
Air Force Emergency Management (EM) Program Planning and Operations. Ensures
safety concerns, procedures, notification, etc., are addressed. The IEMP should include
elements of and reference existing plans concerning the following (Attachment 3): (T-2)
1.8.16.16.1. Disaster response required by AFI 10-2501.
1.8.16.16.2. HAZMAT response required by AFI 10-2501.
1.8.16.16.3. Response to aircraft in-flight and ground emergencies.
1.8.16.16.4. Response to severe weather watches and warnings.
1.8.16.16.5. Crash recovery plans.
1.8.16.16.6. Notifying and convening investigation boards.
1.8.16.16.7. Procedures for missing aircraft.
1.8.16.16.8. Procedures and training for extracting crewmembers from local and
common transient aircraft.
1.8.16.17. Provides mishap prevention and education material to subordinate and tenant
units. (T-1)
1.8.16.18. Accomplishes explosives siting requirements according to AFMAN 91-201,
Explosives Safety Standards. Conducts review of base comprehensive plan map in
conjunction with civil engineering. (T-1)
1.8.16.19. Assists responsible commanders and supervisors to ensure plans, procedures,
facility and equipment modifications/acquisitions, hardware, software and operations
receive a safety review based on RM and hazard elimination/mitigation. Note: Safety
staff qualifications may preclude hardware and software safety reviews. (T-2)
1.8.16.20. Functions as primary point of contact for all federal and state OSHA visits to
the installation. (T-1)
1.8.16.21. In collaboration with Bioenvironmental Engineering (BE), assists the
contracting officer through the Multi-Functional Team (MFT) as needed to ensure that
the contractor safety and health plan includes all required elements identified in the
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 31

Performance Work Statement (PWS). The contractor is directly responsible for

complying with federal and state OSHA standards for its employees. (T-1)
1.8.16.22. Administers the Safety Awards Program IAW AFI 36-2833. (T-2)
1.8.16.23. Prepares and briefs wing/installation commander’s APMR to determine
AFSMS effectiveness and changes to the future program elements as a means of
continual improvement. (T-1) This brief will, at a minimum, address the AFSMS
effectiveness and any changes to the future program elements. (T-1) This briefing may be
conducted as part of the first ESOH Council of the new fiscal year, or at a minimum, it
may be briefed by the Chief of Safety with the commander. Optimally, it should be
briefed in November or December of the fiscal year.
1.8.16.24. Delegated duties between host and tenants must be documented in a
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) or similar document, with tenant/joint base
organizations’ responsibilities spelled out. (T-2)
1.8.16.25. The Occupational Safety Manager (OSM) will act as initial Evaluating Agent
for retraining applicants. See Attachment 14. (T-3)
1.8.16.26. Using AFSAS, create annual (CY) OSHA 300 and OSHA Form 300A
summaries for commander’s signature for each OSHA establishment delineated in
AFSAS NLT 31 January each year. This may be delegated to the vice commander or
executive director. AFSEC/SEG will collect all reports for submission to the Bureau of
Labor and Statistics by 30 May each year. (T-0)
1.8.16.27. Air Force Open House. The CoS will support installation planning and
execution of Open Houses as described in AFI 10-1004, Conducting Air Force Open
Houses. (T-2)
1.8.17. Installation Contracting Office:
1.8.17.1. Directs implementation and provides resources to support the installation
contracting role within the mishap prevention program. (T-2)
1.8.17.2. Ensures provisions of AFFARS Clause 5352.223-9001, Health and Safety on
Government Installations, are included in and solicitations IAW AFFARS. (T-1)
1.8.17.3. Ensures contractor’s past performance in safety is a consideration during the
selection process for those contractors whose employees are expected to work on a
government installation(s) more than 1,000 hours per quarter (this may include a
comparison of the contractor’s 3 year total case incident rate (TCIR) and 3 year days
away, restricted and/or transfer case incident rate (DART) to the most recently published
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) national average for the specific National American
Industry Classification System (NAICS) or other similar information). (T-2)
1.8.18. Medical Wing/Group Commanders:
1.8.18.1. Direct implementation and provide resources to support the installation medical
role within the mishap prevention program. (T-1)
1.8.18.2. Ensure comprehensive and coordinated occupational and environmental health
surveillance and education programs are established and implemented. (T-1)
32 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.18.3. Ensure patient safety programs are developed and fully implemented in
compliance with DoD 6025.13-R, Military Health System (MHS) Clinical Quality
Assurance (CQA) Program Regulation, AFI 44-119, Medical Quality Operations, and
appropriate civilian standards. (T-0)
1.8.18.4. Ensure timely notification to installation safety office for any injury producing
events that occurred to military members (both on duty and off duty), and DoD civilians
on duty IAW AFI 44-102, Medical Care Management. At a minimum, the following
medical information will be released to fulfill requirements for OSHA injury reporting as
defined in DoDI 6055.07, Accident Investigation, Reporting, and Record Keeping, and
AFI 91-204: (T-0)
1.8.18.4.1. Name of the injured individual,
1.8.18.4.2. Deleted.
1.8.18.4.3. Organization,
1.8.18.4.4. Date of injury,
1.8.18.4.5. Date of treatment,
1.8.18.4.6. ICD-9 diagnosis of injury, a brief description of the nature of the injury,
1.8.18.4.7. Severity of injury, whether the treatment given was greater than first aid
(as defined by 29 CFR 1904.7 (b) (5) (i)), if the individual was placed on quarters
(and how long) and if the individual was hospitalized and the estimated hospital
duration.
1.8.18.5. Medical information will be released to safety personnel for military members
treated in the MTF for on-duty or off-duty injuries, and for civilian members treated in
the MTF for on-duty injuries. (T-0)
1.8.18.6. When the MTF discovers that injured individuals (military on duty or off duty
and civilian on duty) are seen at a civilian hospital or clinic, as much injury information
listed above that is obtained will be reported to safety. IAW DoD 6025.18-R, DoD
Health Information Privacy Regulation, all disclosures to the safety office must be
documented by the MTF and kept by the MTF for a period of six years. (T-0)
1.8.18.7. MTF Covered Entities should develop local policy in coordination with their
assigned Medical Law Consultant (MLC).
1.8.18.8. Ensure occupational illnesses are thoroughly investigated and reported using
the Occupational Illness Module and AFSAS. (T-1)
1.8.18.9. The Chief of Aerospace Medicine (SGP) or Occupational Medicine physician:
1.8.18.9.1. Provides oversight for the occupational health program and ensures
medically appropriate risk assessment and medical surveillance activities are
conducted IAW AFI 48-101, Aerospace Medicine Operations, AFI 48-145,
Occupational and Environmental Health Program, DoD 6055.05-M, Occupational
Medical Examinations and Surveillance Manual, and Title 5, CFR, Part 339, Medical
Qualification Determinations. (T-1)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 33

1.8.18.9.2. Provides consultative services on occupational and environmental health

and safety issues that affect the framework of the AFSMS. (T-2)
1.8.18.9.3. Provides urgent clinical services for occupational injuries and
occupational illnesses in DoD civilian employees. Performs routine surveillance,
periodic evaluation, fitness for duty evaluations, pre-placement evaluations and
disability evaluations IAW AFI 48-101, AFI 48-145, DoD 6055.5-M and CFR Title 5
Part 339. (T-0)
1.8.18.9.4. Maintains a list of Flight Surgeons who are potential medical officers on
ISBs or SIBs and track the dates of the AMIP training and previous SIB experience.
In addition, tracks AOPs/AOPT personnel and Psychologists who have completed
AMIP, AMIC, MINA or ASPM courses. Provides a list to installation Chief of Safety
(COS) and MAJCOM SGP. Ensures Flight Surgeons, trained Aerospace and
Operational Physiologists, AOPT personnel and Aviation Psychologists are trained
annually on the basics of mishap investigation and privilege by the installation safety
staff or flight safety officer (FSO). (T-2)
1.8.18.9.5. Attends the FECA Working Group if one is held at the installation.
Medical participation in FECA program will be IAW DoD 1400.25-M, DoD Civilian
Personnel Manual, Subchapter 810, Injury Compensation. Participates in military
and civilian lost work/duty time initiatives. (T-1)
1.8.18.9.6. Accomplishes additional occupational health and safety responsibilities as
delineated in AFI 48-101. (T-2)
1.8.18.10. Flight Surgeons/AOP/AOPT Teams.
1.8.18.10.1. Direct implementation and provides resources to support the installation
medical role within the mishap prevention program. (T-2)
1.8.18.10.2. Provide human performance and human factors analysis on identified
hazards and evaluate controls to reduce or mitigate risks. (T-2)
1.8.18.10.3. Support the wing’s aircrew flight equipment and flying safety programs.
(T-2)
1.8.18.10.4. Assist in targeted occupational safety improvements, training of wing
occupational safety managers and unit safety representatives in human factors and
human factors hazard mitigation strategies. Provide consultant services for
occupational safety activities and investigations. (T-2)
1.8.18.10.5. Support wing RM, crew resource management, and maintenance
resource management programs to optimize war fighter performance and safety in the
operational environment. (T-2)
1.8.18.10.6. Act as Human Systems Integration consultants for aircraft, space,
weapons and Warfare Centers at the wing level. (T-2)
1.8.18.10.7. Provide ISB/SIB members for military mishaps IAW AFI 91-204, Safety
Investigations and Reports, and its related AF Manuals. (T-1)
1.8.18.11. Bioenvironmental Engineering (BE):
34 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.18.11.1. Manages the occupational and environmental health surveillance

programs according to AFI 48-145, AFMAN 48-146, Occupational and
Environmental Health Program Management, AFMAN 48-154 Occupational and
Environmental Health Site Assessment, and AFMAN 48-155 Occupational and
Environmental Health Exposure Controls. Identify health-related deficiencies and
assign health-related RACs. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.2. Conducts occupational and environmental health evaluations and health
risk assessments of workplaces, maintains survey reports, as required (IAW DoDI
6055.5), and provides access to all documents at request by the worker, supervisor or
union representative as permitted by governance such as the Privacy Act, FOIA, etc.
(T-0)
1.8.18.11.3. Performs health risk assessments and notifies safety office of assigned
RACs within the framework of the AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.4. Maintains access to pertinent health-related OSHA standards/
guidelines, AF requirements, and other OSHA guidelines pertaining to occupational
health. (T-0)
1.8.18.11.5. Attends all DoL OSHA inspector in-briefs and out-briefs, and
accompanies inspectors during all health-related inspections. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.6. Determines the need for and adequacy of occupational health-related
personal protective equipment (PPE), engineering controls and administrative
controls to reduce exposures. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.7. Maintains the ability to provide SDSs upon request for all hazardous
materials used in the industrial workplaces on the installation. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.8. Provides radiological protection program management as the installation
radiation safety officer, when appointed, IAW AFI 40-201. (T-1)
1.8.18.11.9. As needed, provides a representative to the FECA Working Group to
offer BE-rated expertise. (T-2)
Note: At non-collocated AFRC installations BE is the fulltime BE/Public Health Office that is
aligned under the Mission Support Group. At collocated AFRC Wings/Groups, where active
duty is host and AFRC units are tenant, BE is aligned under the active duty Military Treatment
Facility (MTF). A Host-Tenant Support Agreement (HTSA) between the active duty host and
AFRC tenant shall outline support provided by the active duty BE Flight to AFRC units.
1.8.18.11.10. Identify health-related RACs using the Defense Occupational and
Environmental Health Readiness System (DOEHRS).
1.8.18.12. Public Health (PH):
1.8.18.12.1. Communicates occupational health education requirements and available
resources to supervisors. Responsible as the initial point of contact for occupational
medical monitoring. (T-1)
1.8.18.12.2. Reports cases of occupational illness to the installation occupational
safety office through AFSAS. (T-1)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 35

1.8.18.12.3. Investigates and reports occupational illness IAW AFI 91-204 within the
framework of the AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.18.12.4. Provides a representative to actively participate in the FECA working
group and the ESOHC to provide consultation on epidemiology, occupational
illnesses and other occupational health program areas, where applicable IAW AFIs
48-145 and 48-101. (T-1)
1.8.18.13. Psychologists who are AMIP, AMIC or ASPM trained or have completed a
post-doctoral fellowship in operational psychology will work in conjunction with Flight
Surgeons to provide consultant services on human factors investigations and analysis of
military aircraft mishaps. (T-2)
1.8.19. Installation Civil Engineers:
1.8.19.1. Direct implementation and provide resources in support of the civil engineering
role within the mishap prevention program. (T-1)
1.8.19.2. Provide cost data and status information on hazard abatement actions
associated with real property facilities and real property installed equipment. Coordinate
corrective actions with installation safety. (T-2)
1.8.19.3. Coordinate siting and construction plans with the installation safety office and
ensure explosives site plans have been approved before beginning construction as
required in AFMAN 91-201. (T-1)
1.8.19.4. Ensure an environmental review and coordinate new construction, facility
modification projects or work request documents with installation safety, fire protection,
environmental management and BE officials. Also, ensure they are included in associated
project approval, design review meetings and acceptance inspections. (T-2)
1.8.19.5. Notify safety, environmental management, BE and fire protection of major base
maintenance projects (e.g., digging permits, road markings, welding projects outside the
civil engineering shops). (T-2)
1.8.19.6. Ensure RACs are incorporated into project prioritization for corrective actions.
(T-2)
1.8.19.7. Coordinate airfield waiver packages with airfield manager, installation safety
office and installation commander. (T-2)
1.8.19.8. Perform fire investigations IAW DoDI 6055.07 and AFI 91-204. For incidents
that meet the Class C thresholds, the installation Fire Chief determines the most probable
cause. For incidents that meet the Class A and B thresholds, the SIB President will
request support from the MAJCOM Fire Emergency Services (FES) staff to conduct the
fire investigation. Any time FES tactics or competency is at issue, the convening
authority will request investigative support from the MAJCOM FES staff. (T-2)
1.8.19.9. Provide traffic engineering expertise. (T-2)
1.8.19.10. Team with the multi-functional team (MFT) to ensure contractor operations
are compliant with safety and health requirements of the contract. (T-2)
36 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.19.11. Provide a foundation informational map and facility data (common

installation picture [CIP] and real property inventory [RPI]) for safety users to apply and
publish their unique map(s). Any changes to CIP or RPI data must be coordinated with
the installation safety office. (T-1)
1.8.20. Security Forces (SF Commander):
1.8.20.1. Direct implementation and provide resources to support the security forces role
within mishap prevention program. (T-1)
1.8.20.2. Provide the COS and/or OSM a copy of SF blotter entries involving injury or
death resulting from a mishap, motor vehicle mishaps (GMV/PMV), property damage as
a result of a mishap, and any others as deemed appropriate by the SF commander. (T-1)
Provide completed investigation reports when requested by COS or OSM. Blotter entries
may be retrieved electronically or through the appropriate SF office after they have been
processed.
1.8.20.3. Notify command post on all safety related issues as determined in a locally
devised installation notification matrix. Note: Report those incidents which require
immediate response or follow-up action by safety or other personnel. Command Post
will, in-turn, immediately notify the appropriate safety office and other agencies as
required. (T-1)
1.8.20.4. Upon request from COS or occupational safety (host or tenant unit), liaison
with local or state law enforcement to obtain off-base traffic accident reports and/or data.
(T- 1)
1.8.20.4.1. Traffic accident reports may include vehicle accident involving death or
serious injury to a military member, DoD civilian or dependent of active duty
member.
1.8.20.4.2. Traffic accident data may include areas which are identified as high
traffic incident areas or areas which travel is deemed unsafe (as deemed by the
installation commander) under certain conditions.
1.8.21. Commanders below installation level:
1.8.21.1. Direct implementation and provide resources for the mishap prevention
program within the framework of the AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.21.2. Implement a safety and health program in their unit or area of responsibility.
Where commanders are not authorized full-time safety personnel, they will appoint a
primary and alternate Unit Safety Representative (USR) to assist them in implementing
their safety program. USR responsibilities for managing the commander’s program are
identified in paragraph 2.2. Notify the host safety office, in writing, of the appointment
of USRs in order to schedule USRs for training. (T-2)
1.8.21.3. Ensure safety and health training and off-duty safety information and briefings
are provided to all personnel based on requirements from other regulatory guidance and
the specific needs of the organization. (T-1)
1.8.21.4. Actively implement and use RM principles at all levels within the unit. (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 37

1.8.21.5. Ensure a proactive mishap prevention program is implemented to include

procurement and proper use of PPE, and facility compliance with AFOSH and OSHA
standards. Note: Overseas installations may need to apply host nation standards versus
OSHA standards. (T-2)
1.8.21.6. Ensure all appropriate hazard abatement actions needed to control identified
hazards are implemented and follow-up actions are complete. Keep fire, safety and BE
offices, as appropriate, updated on all abatement actions with updates every 30 days until
hazard is abated. (T-1)
1.8.21.7. Ensure request for equipment, products and services using purchase orders
and/or Government Purchase Card are reviewed for potential safety and health impact
IAW AFI 64-117, Air Force Government-Wide Purchase Card (GPC) Program, and AFI
32-7086, Hazardous Materials Management. Note: Ensure government purchase card
program addresses requirement to coordinate purchase of hazardous chemicals, munitions
and industry equipment through installation safety offices. (T-2)
1.8.21.8. Ensure all personnel are trained on the objectives and principles of RM
IAWAFI 90-802. (T-1)
1.8.21.9. Establish a management strategy integrating safety and health into all
operations and missions and ensure functional managers and supervisors take actions to
mitigate hazards and reduce risk. (T-1)
1.8.21.10. Ensure all personnel are briefed on the findings and recommendations
contained in occupational and environmental health risk assessments and reports. A copy
of the survey report will be posted in a conspicuous location in the work place for a
period of 10 days after receipt to allow all workers free access to the findings. These
reports will be maintained on file in the work place for a minimum of two years. (T-0)
1.8.21.11. Provide the opportunity for Airmen to participate in safety and health program
activities and/or committees. (T-1)
1.8.21.12. Communicate safety and health expectations to personnel in their command.
Hold personnel accountable for compliance with applicable standards. (T-1)
1.8.21.13. Are encouraged to establish an off-duty High Risk Activities (HRA) Program
to ensure personnel participating or planning to participate in high-risk activities take
appropriate safety measures to reduce the likelihood of their involvement in a mishap.
High risk activities are defined in Attachment 1, while Attachment 11 contains sample
guidance for those units that may adopt the optional program. Note: MAJCOMs can
define their own list of high risk activities. Briefings may be documented on AF Form
4391, High Risk Activities Worksheet. See Attachment 11 for example guidance. If
commanders or supervisors at any level choose to make this program mandatory it will
apply only to military personnel on active duty.
1.8.21.14. Commanders of units with motorcycle riders appoint, in writing, at least one
motorcycle safety representative to coordinate the motorcycle safety program IAW AFI
91-207, The US Air Force Traffic Safety Program.
1.8.21.15. Where commanders below the installation level, including tenant unit
commanders, have an assigned safety staff, ensure an APMR is performed by the safety
38 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

staff IAW this instruction to determine AFSMS effectiveness and to make necessary
changes to the future program elements as a means of continual improvement. (T-1)
1.8.21.16. Ensure applicable OSH guidance for the workplace and operations are
available to personnel.
1.8.21.17. Provide employees an environment where they can report hazards, near
misses, work-related injuries and illnesses without fear of reprisal. (T-0)
1.8.22. Workcenter/Shop Supervisors:
1.8.22.1. Direct implementation and provide resources for the mishap prevention
program within the framework of the AFSMS. (T-1)
1.8.22.2. Understand and enforce the safety and health standards that apply to their areas,
operations and operations involving their subordinates. Demonstrate knowledge of their
roles and responsibilities with relation to risk management and mishap prevention. (T-1)
1.8.22.3. Use RM techniques to analyze work environment and job tasks for hazards.
Conduct a JHA to determine potential hazards for each work task not governed by TO or
other definitive guidance and anytime a new work task or process is introduced into the
workplace. (T-1) Refer to Attachment 5, Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), for additional
guidance.
1.8.22.4. Provide and document work area specific safety, fire protection and health on-
the-job training to all Air Force military and civilian employees before assigning them
duty tasks requiring this specific training. Review work processes annually, when new
tasks or equipment are added, or when existing tasks change, whichever comes first. (T-
0)
1.8.22.5. Develop a workcenter-specific JSTO based on Attachment 4, Job Safety
Training Outline (JSTO), on safety, fire protection/prevention and health requirements.
Documents will be maintained and centrally located, readily available to supervisor and
individual. The 14 mandatory items can be documented as one item, i.e., course code for
JSTO mandatory training. Job specific items and any additional training identified in a
BE survey will be documented individually, as appropriate. (T-0)
1.8.22.5.1. Methods of documentation may include, but are not limited to, the AF
Form 55, Employee Safety and Health Record, electronic mediums such as
AFFORMs/MAF LOG C2/G081 or locally developed products. If the AF IMT 55 is
mandated for use as the training documentation device, the entity that mandated the
form usage will prescribe the requirement in writing to include entries that require
signatures, e.g., HAZCOM, respirator, powered industrial trucks, lockout/tagout, fall
protection, confined spaces, radiation safety, laser safety, etc. Note: Training
requirements vary, i.e., some documents may require the signature of the supervisor
or the person who conducted the training, while other documents may require the
initials of the individual (trainee) and trainer/supervisor. (T-0)
1.8.22.5.2. Documentation will contain the following minimum data: trainee name
(last, first, middle initial), type of training and date of training. (T-1) Neither the
trainer nor trainee signature is required unless specified in writing by the applicable
chain of authority. Note: If the Integrated Maintenance Data System (IMDS), Core
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 39

Automated Maintenance System (CAMS), etc., cannot support minimum

documentation requirements, then they are not suitable as a documentation product.
1.8.22.6. Provide and document additional training when there is a change in equipment,
procedures or processes that affect the safety, health or work environment of personnel.
(T-0)
1.8.22.7. Exercise control over job tasks to ensure personnel follow all precautions and
safety measures, including the proper use of PPE. (T-1)
1.8.22.8. Report all mishaps that occur on duty and all off duty mishaps involving
assigned military personnel, and related subsequent Airmen absences to the supporting
safety office IAW AFI 91-204. Inform the Civilian Personnel Office if a mishap involves
a civilian employee and complete the required CA/LS form. (T-1)
1.8.22.9. Ensure AF Form 1118, Notice of Hazard, issued by safety, fire protection or
BE officials is posted to alert Airmen to the hazardous conditions and interim control
measures.
(T-1) Ensure actions are taken to promptly eliminate hazards and correct deficiencies, and ensure
any hazards identified by an AF Form 1118 are added to the JSTO and employees are trained on
the interim control measures and documented IAW Attachment 4, Section A4.4. (T-1)
1.8.22.10. Ensure subordinates receive a safety briefing from the deployed or temporary
duty (TDY) location safety staff on known hazards associated with deployed or TDY
locations. (T-1)
1.8.22.11. Provide and document Job Safety Training at deployed locations as specified
in paragraph 1.8.22.5. (T-1) Supervisors shall ensure copies of documented training
arrive and leave with deployed personnel. (T-2)
1.8.22.12. Consider providing an interactive pre-departure safety briefing to all active
duty military personnel, reserve component personnel in a duty status and civilian
personnel performing official duties scheduled for travel outside the local area. Consider
providing and encouraging departing members to complete a TRiPS survey prior to
departure at https://trips.safety.army.mil/. While potentially effective for all ages, the
briefing is especially targeted for personnel under the age of 26. This briefing may be
documented on AF Form 4392, Pre-Departure Safety Briefing. See Attachment 10 for
recommended guidance.
1.8.22.13. Attend Air Force Supervisor Safety Training (SST). (T-1)
1.8.22.14. Conduct and document monthly spot inspections of their work areas
IAW paragraph 3.7 of this instruction. (T-3)
1.8.22.15. Upon notification that a military worker is pregnant, ensure that worker
reports to Public Health immediately in order to ensure she receives appropriate
education and a workplace evaluation. Advise pregnant civilian workers of the same
opportunities, and allow her to go to Public Health is she desires to take advantage of the
program (T-1)
40 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

1.8.22.16. Encourage and support employee participation in safety and health program
activities and/or committees. Provide employees an environment where they can report
work-related injuries and illnesses without fear of reprisal.
1.8.22.17. Ensure personnel requiring occupational health medical examinations attend
scheduled medical appointments. (T-2)
1.8.22.18. Ensure safety program requirements are part of measurement of non-
supervisory personnel’s performance appraisals using guidance provided by AF/A1. (T-
2)
1.8.22.19. Ensure applicable OSH guidance for the workplace and operations are
available to personnel.
1.8.23. Individuals:
1.8.23.1. Comply with all safety instructions, technical orders, job guides and operating
procedures. Demonstrate knowledge of their roles and responsibilities with relation to
risk management and mishap prevention. (T-1)
1.8.23.2. Consider personal safety and the safety of coworkers while performing
assigned tasks as well as off-duty activities. Identify and report hazardous conditions that
place Airmen or property at risk. Use the AF Form 457, USAF Hazard Report, when
necessary. (T-2)
1.8.23.3. Report personal injury, property damage and any suspected exposure to
biological, chemical or nuclear hazardous materials to their supervisor as soon as
possible. (T-1)
1.8.23.4. Immediately report to their supervisor if they believe that they have a physical
or mental condition that they feel may impact safe job performance. (T-1)
1.8.23.5. Use and maintain recommended and appropriate PPE for job tasks. Inspect and
maintain PPE in accordance with TO, manufacturer’s instructions or BE guidance. (T-0)
1.8.23.6. Apply RM principles in both on-duty and off-duty activities to enhance the
safety and well-being of themselves and other personnel. (T-2)
1.8.23.7. Deleted.
1.8.23.8. Military members will immediately notify their primary care managers of a
known pregnancy and make an appointment with Public Health to initiate a workplace
evaluation for exposures that may be hazardous to the fetus and determination of work
restrictions. Government civilian employees are encouraged to notify their supervisor and
make an appointment with Public Health for a workplace evaluation, but are not required
to do so. Any worker with questions regarding how their worksite exposures can affect
immediate family members (e.g. spouse, children) should contact Public Health. (T-1)
1.8.23.9. Have the opportunity to participate in safety and health programs, report
hazards, near misses and work-related injuries/illnesses without fear of coercion,
discrimination or reprisal. Participation in safety committees is encouraged.
1.8.23.10. Use official on-duty time to take part in safety activities. (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 41

1.8.23.11. Hand-carry or electronically transfer safety training documentation, provided

by previous supervisor, as specified in paragraph 1.8.22.5 to the new supervisor when
deploying or transferring to another Air Force position/location. (T-1)
1.9. Waivers. When complying with official policy, guidance and/or procedures that have been
designated with a Tier Waiver Authority number, i.e., T-1, T-2 or T-3 (Refer to Attachment 1
for definitions), the unit may request a waiver IAW AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms
Management. In addition to the waiver requirements of AFI 33-360, the following are included
for this instruction:
1.9.1. Reevaluate risk throughout the waiver period and adjust risk controls as necessary
IAW AFI 90-802. (T-1)
1.9.2. Each commander/director will keep, at a minimum, the previous
commander’s/director’s waivers on file IAW their file plan. (T-1)
1.9.3. Ensure a copy of the approved waiver is sent to the OPR of the affected AFI. (T-1)
1.9.4. Waivers related to explosive safety must be processed IAW AFMAN 91-201. (T-1)
42 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 2

SAFETY ORGANIZATION

2.1. Safety Staff. All safety disciplines will be consolidated under a single Director or COS, as
applicable. Full-time safety personnel must be trained and qualified to manage safety programs,
and be able to function at the staff level. Use the Air Force Manpower Standard (AFMS)
106AXX to determine the size of the safety staff. AFRC units use applicable AFRC Command
Manpower Standard or Guides to determine safety staff size. All safety manpower requests or
changes will be coordinated with the MAJCOM/SE and (for RegAF requests/changes only)
AFSEC/CFM before submission to the local management engineering team. Manpower
variances can be submitted for safety staffs that conduct special programs IAW AFMS 106AXX.
Note: The size of safety staffs for Joint Bases and other non-host units excluded by the AFMS
106AXX will be determined in a collaborative effort between the unit involved, the MAJCOM
safety office and the applicable manpower staffs. (T-2)
2.1.1. Chief of Safety. The COS (or Director in a civilian-led unit or MAJCOM/FOA/DRU)
reports directly to the commander and manages the mishap prevention program for the
commander (e.g., installation, center, NAF/MAJCOM/FOA/DRU commanders). The COS
must be qualified in a primary mission weapons system of the unit or if the COS is a civilian
position, have a Safety Officer who is qualified in a primary mission weapon system (except
AFSPC).
(T-1) Civilian COS must meet the qualification standards for Occupational and Health
professional stated in the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) classification series, GS-0018
or GS-0803. (T-1) MAJCOM/FOA/DRU Directors of Safety will have previous safety
experience (except AFSPC). (T-1) The AFRC equivalents to the above are AFRC Air Reserve
Technician (ART) COS which are 2181-series (pilot)/2183-series (navigator) civilians.
2.1.1.1. Active duty military COS will be selected from a current or previous Squadron
Commander/Director of Operations/Chief of Safety list; or be a former Squadron
Commander. MAJCOM/CV or above has waiver authority for this requirement. (T-2)
2.1.1.2. Assigned individuals must complete the Chief of Safety Course (WCIP05B)
within 90 days of assuming the COS position. Air Force Reserve and ANG COSs may
substitute the Air Reserve Component Chief of Safety course (ARCCOS101) and should
make every effort to complete the requirement within 90 days of assuming the COS
position. However, in no case will Air Force Reserve and ANG components exceed a 180
day limit. Waiver authority for this requirement is HQ AFSEC/SEF. (T-1)
2.1.1.3. Assigned individuals must be available to serve as COS for a minimum of one
year after completion of training. (T-1)
2.1.2. Career Safety Professional. The Air Force has an enlisted safety career field (Air
Force Specialty Code (AFSC) 1S0X1) and a civilian safety career field (GS-0018,
Occupational Safety and Health Manager or Specialist; GS-0019, Safety Technician; GS-
0017, Weapons Safety Specialist; GS-1815, Air Safety Investigator; and GS-0803, Safety
Engineer). These career safety personnel are assigned to positions authorized by the Unit
Manning Document. The safety career field is addressed in AFI 36-2101, Classifying
Military Personnel (Officer and Enlisted), and described in the Air Force Enlisted
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 43

Classification Directory (AFECD). The civilian safety career program is described in

AFMAN 36-606, Civilian Career Management and Development.
2.1.2.1. Professional Continuing Education and Training. Fulltime safety professionals
working in authorized occupational safety positions as depicted in the Unit Manning
Document, must complete at least three safety-related CEUs per year. For courses with
no assigned CEU value, one CEU is the equivalent of ten hours of course participation.
Note: This also applies to persons such as over-hires, career-broadeners, interns or
similar positions working within occupational safety. Other fulltime safety professionals
in weapons, space and flight safety disciplines should consider similar continuing
education to remain up to date in their specialty. MAJCOM/SEs or their designee may
grant waivers for this requirement for reasons to include personnel on extended
deployments, manning shortfalls and funding limitations. The COS will document
specific circumstances and conditions when this training cannot be met. (T-3)
2.1.2.1.1. Professional continuing education and training is not the same as
qualification training where an individual could be decertified, downgraded or unable
to deploy, etc., if not trained to a specific level. The purpose of continuing education
and training is to help safety professionals expand their knowledge base and stay
informed on the latest technical and behavioral developments in the field of safety.
2.1.2.1.2. College, OPM and other safety professional development courses that do
not award CEUs, e.g., on-line training, seminars, webinars may be used to satisfy this
requirement, if approved by the MAJCOM Occupational Safety Manager. (T-3)
2.1.2.2. Attachment 12 and 13 contain a partial list of recommended safety courses that
safety professionals should consider when meeting CEU requirements. Additionally,
Table A12.2 contains a list of AFSEC courses that will satisfy CEU requirements. Safety
managers will plan, program and budget for safety resources (e.g., to include sufficient
safety training to meet CEU requirements). (T-3)
2.1.2.3. The award of Special Experience Identifier (SEI) 430 “Master Safety
Professional” requires the following requirements to be met:
2.1.2.3.1. Completion of CCAF in Safety
2.1.2.3.2. Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation (MINA) course (Course Code: WCIP
059). Note: MINA is the preferred course; however, Introduction to Mishap
Investigation (IMI) is a suitable substitute if personnel are unable to attend the MINA
course.
2.1.2.3.3. Five (5) years in the Safety career field.
2.1.2.3.4. One or more of the following certifications: Construction Health and
Safety Technician (CHST), Occupational Health and Safety Technologist (OHST),
Associate Safety Professional (ASP), or Certified Safety Professional (CSP).
Note: It is highly desirable for safety professionals to obtain certifications from the Board of
Certified Safety Professionals (www.bcsp.org) or other accredited national/international
organizations.
2.1.2.3.5. Supervisor and MAJCOM Functional Manager recommendation.
44 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

2.1.2.4. Ensure safety and health personnel are properly trained. 29 CFR 1960.56,
Training of Safety and Health Specialists, DoDI 6055.1, E3.3, Safety and Occupational
Health Training, Education, and Qualifications, 29 CFR 1960.7, Financial Management,
AFI 36-401, Employee Training and Development, and AFI 36-2201, Air Force Training
Program, discuss responsibilities for funding and ensuring safety and health personnel
are properly trained to function effectively as safety and health advisors to commanders
and management officials. (T-0)
2.1.2.5. The 1S0XX AFSC vectors Senior Non-Commissioned Officers (SNCOs)
through the Enlisted Development Team (EDT) construct. The 1S0 EDT outlines the
training, education, and experience requirements for the most critical Safety duty
positions, and provides recommendations for the best qualified SNCOs into key
developmental and key leadership positions at the unit, MAJCOM, and HQ AF level.
SNCOs are vectored on a periodic basis according to the most current EDT Charter.
(https://cs.eis.af.mil/sites/10178/cem/CFM/Forms/Alltems.aspx?RootFolder=%2fsite
s%2f10178%2fCFM%2f1S0X1%20Vectoring&FolderCTID=0x012000C93F3607C9
EA3344A1B7C93E00FEDC40). The EDT charter and vectored position list are
reviewed annually and available at the above link. All eligible SNCOs will route a
worksheet to the EDT as directed by the EDT Chair. (T-1) MAJCOM MFMs determine
vectored positions with the concurrence of the EDT chair. Out-of-cycle EDTs will be
conducted at the discretion of the EDT chair to provide opportunity to eligible candidates
during supplemental promotion boards or when individual’s records change. (T-1)
2.1.3. Occupational Safety Manager (OSM). The OSM manages the occupational safety
program for the Director/Chief of Safety and the commander (e.g., installation, center,
NAF/MAJCOM/FOA/DRU commanders). The OSM must be fully qualified to advise and
execute decisions on safety matters for the primary mission of the unit. The OSM should
complete the Safety Managers Course (AFSEC Course WCIP05D) prior to assuming an
OSM position. If this is not possible they will complete the course within one year of
assuming the GSM position. Note: Previous courses such as the Senior Safety Professional’s
Course or the Occupational Safety Manager’s Course meet this requirement. (T-2)
2.1.4. Flight Safety Officer (FSO). FSOs in higher headquarters positions will be rated
officers or prior rated officers with experience in headquarters managed mission aircraft (not
applicable [N/A] for Flight Safety Managers [FSMs]). FSOs/FSMs manage flight safety
programs for Director/Chief of Safety and the commander, e.g., installation, Center,
NAF/MAJCOM/FOA/DRU commanders. FSOs at squadron and installation-level must be
current in a unit mission aircraft (N/A for FSMs). Once trained, individuals will fill the
position for a minimum of 12 months unless waived by the MAJCOM/FOA/DRU SE. FSMs
will not be assigned to fill FSO billets on bases where there are primary active flying
missions and only one FSO billet. Note: This requirement does not apply to deployed
operations. (T-2)
2.1.4.1. Full-time FSOs (wing level and above) must complete the Aircraft Mishap
Investigation Course (AMIC, WCIP05A) and Aviation Safety Program Management
course (ASPM, WCIP09B), or AFSEC-certified MAJCOM equivalent courses. FSMs
will have graduated from at least one or more of the following courses: AMIC, ASPM or
legacy FSO. This training should be completed within 90 days of appointment, but must
be completed no later than 180 days from appointment. AFRC and ANG FSOs may
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 45

fulfill this requirement by attending Aircraft Mishap Investigation Course (AMIC,

WCIP05A) and the Air National Guard Chief of Safety/Air Reserve Component Chief of
Safety course (ARCCOS101). (T-3)
2.1.4.2. Commanders of flying squadrons without an authorized FSO will appoint a
Squadron Assigned Flight Safety Officer (SAFSO) as an additional duty. (T-3)
2.1.4.3. SAFSOs should attend the ASPM course and/or AMIC course in conjunction
with MAJCOM/FOA/DRU supplemental training.
2.1.5. Flight Safety Noncommissioned Officer (FSNCO). The FSNCO is an integral part of
the flight safety program. Their primary duties will focus on aviation maintenance safety.
Individuals selected to fill the position should be, as a minimum, a Master Sergeant or
civilian equivalent, GS-0018 or GS-0803, with maintenance experience on a unit-assigned
aircraft type but no less than a 7-level with two years’ experience as a 7-level. Primary
consideration will be to select individuals in the 2A37X (tactical aircraft maintenance) or
2A57X (aircraft maintenance) or Flight Engineer career fields. Selecting from the propulsion
AFSC 2A671 is acceptable with a minimum of two years flightline experience in the unit
assigned aircraft. Other maintenance career fields are not acceptable for the FSNCO position
without MAJCOM/FOA/DRU SE approval. Refer to AFRC and ANG supplements to this
AFI for ARC FSNCO and FSM manning descriptions. (T-1)
2.1.5.1. For units with assigned enlisted aircrew, the FSNCO may be an aircrew member
if their flying duties do not detract from their FSNCO duties, they have prior flightline
maintenance or Flight Engineer experience, they are current in a unit mission aircraft, and
receive MAJCOM/FOA/DRU SE approval.
2.1.5.2. Individuals will complete the FSNCO course (L3AZR1S071-0S5A), or AFSEC-
certified MAJCOM equivalent course, and attend the AMIC (WCIP05A) within 120 days
of appointment. (T-3)
2.1.5.3. The FSNCO will be assigned the Special Experience Identifier (SEI) code of 307
and AFPC personnel records will assign a code 39 to ensure they serve in this capacity
for a minimum of two years, as appropriate. Designated individuals must meet criteria
IAW AFI 36-2101. (T-3)
2.1.6. Weapons Safety Managers (WSM). Full-time WSMs are assigned to positions
authorized by the Unit Manning Document (UMD).
2.1.6.1. WSMs must be qualified in their AFSC 2WXXX, 2MXXX, or OPM 017/018 or
803 standards and should have experience in the maintenance or operation of nuclear
weapons, missiles or non-nuclear munitions. Airmen selected as WSMs will be at least a
7-level in their Air Force Specialty Code. (T-2)
2.1.6.2. Full-time WSMs and ANG WSMs in UTC positions must complete the
Weapons Safety Course (L3AZR2W071-0C2A) within six months of appointment. (T-2)
2.1.6.3. The COS will initiate a two-year assignment deferment through the Military
Personnel Flight for Weapons Safety personnel upon completion of the Weapons Safety
training course (Not applicable for ANG). (T-3) It is desirable that individuals not deploy
in WSM positions prior to six months satisfactory experience in Weapons Safety tasks
46 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

(Chiefs of Safety will make final deployment determinations based on proven duty
performance). (T-3)
2.1.7. System Safety Officers, Managers and Engineers. According to their particular job
requirements, individuals in System Safety positions will complete a MAJCOM-approved
System Safety Course within 120 days of assignment. Safety offices must document reasons
for assigned individuals who have not completed training within 120 days of assignment. (T-
3)
2.1.8. Space Safety Officer (SSO). These positions can be filled by System Safety Manager,
Mission Safety Officers, Mission Flight Control Officers, Launch Safety Officers (LSOs)
and/or Orbital Safety Officers, as applicable to the program’s mission. These individuals will
be trained in space mishap prevention and investigation within 120 days (or first available
course). The Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation course (WCIP 059) or equivalent is a
suitable mishap investigation course. The AMIC (WCIP 05A) is recommended for LSOs
with some knowledge of aircraft. NASA courses may be substituted for greater applicability
if basic mishap prevention and investigation material is covered. (T-3)
2.1.8.1. As appropriate for the assigned mission, each wing (or equivalent) will have at
least one SSO for each program. These individuals may be assigned to subordinate units.
With approval from the NAF/Center Safety Office, these positions may be assigned as an
additional duty or multiple programs may be covered by the same SSO. (T-2)
2.1.8.2. Safety Offices must document reasons for assigned individuals who have not
completed training within 120 days (or first available course) of assignment. (T-3)
2.1.9. Safety Palace Acquire Interns (0018/0803) and Pathways Student Internships
(0099/0899). The Safety Palace Acquire Intern and Pathways Student Internships programs
provide a unique opportunity for recent graduates and/or students to gain valuable work
experience in the Safety career field. These programs offer rewarding opportunities to
contribute to the Air Force mission while providing workplace safety and health for Airmen.
These programs afford opportunities for personal and professional growth in addition to
development.
2.1.9.1. Supervisors of Safety Palace Acquire Interns and Student Internships are
required to complete and submit a training progress report to the AFPC Safety Civilian
Career Field Team (email: afpc.safety.cft@us.af.mil) as directed by AFI 36-601, Air
Force Civilian Career Program Management, AFI 36-602, Civilian Intern Programs,
and the Civilian Force Renewal PAQ/COP Guide.
2.1.9.1.1. The AFPC Safety Career Field Team will distribute a Pathways Training
Status Log to the gaining supervisor within 30 days of assignment to aid tracking of
such items as program report submission, training, promotions, supervisors, etc. A
copy of the log must be submitted with the progress report(s).
2.1.9.1.2. The initial progress report must be submitted at 90 and 180 day intervals
for the first year, semiannually for the remainder of the training period.
2.1.9.1.3. The AF Form 860B, Civilian Progress Review Worksheet, may be used for
this progress report. The AFPC Safety Career Field Team will distribute a template to
the gaining supervisor within 30 days of the member’s assignment.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 47

2.1.9.2. The supervisor must ensure promotion action is initiated no later than 60 days
prior to the promotion effective date (for the first promotion—scheduled for the 1-year
point in the program). (T-3)
2.1.9.3. The supervisor must serve as mentor or work with assigned mentor IAW AFI
36-602, paragraph 2.15.7.
2.1.10. Non-Typical Safety Staffs. Throughout the Air Force there are an assorted number of
one-deep safety positions and other small atypical safety staffs which are centric in nature to
a specific safety function – occupational safety, lab safety, hospital safety, etc. These may
exist at FOAs, Groups (Civil Engineering, Medical, etc.) or other organizational levels
outside of or below a standard wing organization. They may reside as a host or tenant unit
function on an installation. Individuals assigned to these positions, or those similar in nature,
fulfill the role and responsibility of keeping their respective Commanders/Directors informed
of safety issues and executing the mishap prevention program for their Commander. Since
their duties and responsibilities are those of the senior safety advisor within their
organization, they will report to their Commander/Director as they manage the commander’s
mishap prevention program. This is consistent with the principles set forth in AFI 38-101, Air
Force Organization.
2.2. Unit Safety Representative (USR). Each unit will have a primary and alternate USR,
Additional Duty Weapons Safety Representative (ADWSR) and SAFSO, as applicable. When
possible, these individuals will have one-year retainability in the assigned additional duty
position. Each installation safety discipline or assigned safety staff (if different than the
installation safety office) will train their respective USRs within 30 working days after
appointment. Air Reserve Component primary and alternate USR will complete initial training
within two unit training assemblies of appointment. Note: Units with fulltime safety personnel
are not required to have a USR. (T-3)
2.2.1. Organizations may augment the primary and alternate safety representatives using a
“team concept” by adding representatives at the flight level (or equivalent organizational
levels). However, the primary and alternate representation will serve as the primary points of
contact for all unit safety issues. If the team concept is used, each member, beyond the
primary and alternate, will be trained by the organization for their responsibilities. (T-3)
2.2.2. For specific USR responsibilities, see the discipline-specific chapters. USRs will, as a
minimum: (T-3)
2.2.2.1. Advise the commander on safety matters.
2.2.2.2. Conduct and document spot inspections in conjunction with facility managers
when possible and IAW paragraph 3.7 of this instruction.
2.2.2.3. Assist unit personnel with mishap reporting requirements. Assist unit
commander and supervisors in mishap investigation when required. (T-3)
2.2.2.4. Assist supervisors who develop JSTOs.
2.2.2.5. Conduct safety briefings and provide unit personnel with educational safety
materials. Note: MAJCOM/Wing Safety websites should be accessed to get briefing
topics/material (e.g., Quest for Zero).
2.2.2.6. Assist the unit commander and supervisors with hazard abatement processes.
48 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

2.2.2.7. Facilitate the inspection process for their unit and accompany safety office
personnel on the formal inspection and assessment.
2.3. Safety Education/Training. Education and training prepares Airmen to meet their safety
and health responsibilities. Each installation shall develop, implement and integrate safety
guidelines and standards into existing local level training programs. Commanders will promote
safety awareness at all appropriate venues such as commander calls, holiday safety briefings and
other events or functions. (T-3)
2.3.1. Commander Orientation. The COS will provide face-to-face training on the safety and
health of the organization to new commanders within their organizational chain within 60
days of their arrival or appointment. Air Reserve Components will complete this requirement
within 90 days (3 Unit Training Assemblies). Telephonic training is satisfactory for units that
support commanders at operating locations away from the COS’s home base. The training
will be documented and include, but is not limited to the following items: (T-3)
2.3.1.1. Launch vehicle operations and concerns (if applicable).
2.3.1.2. Safety responsibilities.
2.3.1.3. Last annual inspection results and open recommendations, unabated hazards and
hazard abatement plan.
2.3.1.4. Unit specific mishap rates, trends and open mishap recommendations.
2.3.1.5. Special interest issues (e.g., motorcycle safety/motorcycle unit tracking tool
[MUSTT], high risk activities, hazardous air traffic, AFSMS, OSHA Voluntary
Protection Programs).
2.3.1.6. Explosives site plans and licensed facilities.
2.3.1.7. Airfield operations and concerns.
2.3.1.8. Safety Awards Program.
2.3.1.9. Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS). Website:
https://www.afcmrs.org.
2.3.2. Supervisor Safety Training (SST). Supervisors are the key to the safety program
because they are responsible for maintaining a safe and healthful environment. The course
trains supervisors in management skills needed to implement safety policies and programs.
The course provides basic skills for fostering a workplace where hazards are identified and
risks managed. It also develops skills to recognize, control, report and eliminate hazards.
MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs and installations with unique requirements will supplement this
training with those requirements. (T-0)
2.3.2.1. Personnel required to attend:
2.3.2.1.1. Noncommissioned officers and Senior Airmen when first assigned a
supervisory position. (T-2)
2.3.2.1.2. Commissioned officers when first assigned as a supervisor. (T-2)
2.3.2.1.3. Civilian personnel (DAF, NAF, foreign national) upon initial assignment to
a supervisory position. (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 49

2.3.2.1.4. Any supervisor needing refresher training or who demonstrates a lack of

safety knowledge. (T-2)
2.3.2.2. Administration. Unit commanders identify eligible personnel and arrange course
scheduling with the installation occupational safety office. Safety offices will use the AF
Form 1286, Safety Education/Training Class Roster, or another equivalent product for
attendee sign-in. (T-3)
2.3.2.3. Documenting Training. The safety staff allocates quotas, giving priority to newly
assigned supervisory personnel. Safety staffs will update training completion in the
Military Personnel Data System. Supervisors of civilian personnel will document this
training in the employee’s AF Form 971, Supervisor’s Employee Brief, or equivalent
product. (T-3)
2.3.3. Safety, Fire Protection and Health Training. Supervisors will develop a JSTO
specifically tailored to address safety, fire protection and health concerns of the work
environment. The outline will encompass both safety awareness and job specific safety
training. See listed mandatory training items in Attachment 4. (T-3)
2.3.3.1. Training Requirements. Supervisors will provide and document safety training to
all newly assigned individuals (i.e., PCS, PCA or work center change to include
deployment) on the hazards of their job before they start work and immediately when
there is a change in equipment, processes, work environment or safety, fire and health
requirements. Refresher training will be conducted and documented when workers
demonstrate a lack of understanding of their required safety responsibilities or training
such as is called for in AFI 91-203, Chapter 21, Hazardous Energy Control, has a
specified frequency for recurrence. (T-3)
2.3.3.2. Supervisors will review and update the JSTO annually and/or when there is a
change in equipment, processes or safety, fire and health requirements, to include
procedural input as a result of a completed JSA. JSTO reviews will be accomplished by
the supervisor and documented with the date of review and the person conducting the
review. Safety, fire protection and health personnel will provide technical assistance to
supervisors in developing a training outline to meet AFI/AFOSH requirements. JSTOs
will be reviewed by safety inspectors during the scheduled safety assessment. (T-3)
2.3.3.3. Document safety, fire and health training as specified in paragraph 1.8.22.5.2.
Documentation will be maintained by the supervisor within the work center. (T-3)
2.3.4. Designated Employee Representatives. The civilian personnel flight will schedule and
monitor safety, fire protection and health training for employee representatives. Upon
request, coordinate training for designated representatives of civilian employees to assist in
maintaining safe and healthful workplaces. The extent of such training will depend on local
needs. (T-3)
2.3.5. General Safety Education and Training Courses are listed in Attachment 13.
Supervisors/instructors will document employee training. Documentation may be
accomplished using the AF Form 1286, Safety Education/Training Roster, or another
equivalent product.
50 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

2.4. Safety Office Vehicles and Equipment. The following information should be used when
establishing equipment requirements.
2.4.1. Vehicles and Communication. Safety disciplines must be mobile to accomplish their
job on/off-installation program management responsibilities. Safety staffs perform day-to-
day safety functions installation-wide, including off-base responses to conduct mishap
investigations. In flying units, missile units, units operating a range and units with host base
responsibilities who support these activities or as designated by the installation commander,
the safety staff must have the immediate use of a two-way radio (UHF/VHF)-equipped 4-
wheel drive vehicle capable of transporting a minimum of four people and their associated
mishap investigation equipment. Any radio net, appropriate to the mission, that allows the
vehicle to move freely around the airfield or missile complex is acceptable. (T-3)
2.4.2. Allowance Standards (AS). The following AS prescribe the equipment items and
quantities required to perform safety missions, functions, and duties. The standards can be
found at https://earms2.wpafb.af.mil/sites/asrs/home.asp. (T-3)
2.4.2.1. AS 006, Organizational and Administrative Equipment.
2.4.2.2. Vehicles.
2.4.2.2.1. AS 037, Vehicles – Contract.
2.4.2.2.2. AS 457, Vehicles – Operations/Maintenance.
2.4.2.2.3. AS 010, Vehicles – Air Force Owned.
2.4.2.2.4. AS 012, Vehicles – Air Force Leased.
2.4.2.3. AS 014, Training Devices.
2.4.2.4. AS 016, Special Purpose Clothing and Personal Protective Equipment.
2.4.2.5. AS 453, Safety Offices.
2.4.2.6. AS 629, Visual Information (VI) Support.
2.4.2.7. AS 660, Equipment Allowances for Non-Weapon Systems Communications
Requirements.
2.4.3. Mishap Investigation Kits. Each MAJCOM/FOA/DRU determines the minimum
contents of investigation kits for host installations to maintain and have available to meet
initial response and ISB requirements for flight, ground and weapons mishaps. Wing safety
offices will have available all the items that are required to conduct a safety investigation
IAW AFI 91-204. Coordinate the medical member contents of the kit with the medical
treatment facility. Mishap investigation kits are optional for AFRC units. (T-2)
2.5. Safety Library. Air Force safety offices will establish a library with publications that
specifically apply to the safety program. Electronic access through the internet meets the intent
of this requirement; maintain hard copies of publications that are not available electronically.
However, paper copies of applicable publications that are not available electronically must be
obtained and maintained within the safety office. The library will include as a minimum: (T-3)
2.5.1. DoD Safety standards and handbooks and applicable host country’s governing safety
standards, rules and regulations.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 51

2.5.2. Air Force policy directives, instructions, pamphlets, manuals and appropriate technical
orders.
2.5.3. Applicable (based on organizational mission) OSHA, AFOSH guidance/standards,
National Fire Protection Association, American National Standard Institute standards and
other national consensus standards (e.g. Compressed Gas Association, Pressure Vessel and
Boilermaker, etc.).
2.5.4. MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs will provide a means to disseminate command-specific
safety information to subordinate units.
2.6. Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Councils (ESOHC). In accordance with
AFI 90-801, the Air Force utilizes the ESOHC to achieve ESOH goals throughout the Air Force
and to provide senior leadership involvement and direction at all levels of command. This
interdisciplinary approach includes aviation, occupational, weapons and space safety.
2.6.1. AFI 90-801 governs the rules regarding the conduct of Environment, Safety, and
Occupational Health Councils. The ESOHC reviews policies and programs, establishes
goals, monitors progress and advises leadership. IAW AFI 90-801, the ESOHC Chair may
charter an ESOHC Safety Sub-Group to ensure full review and oversight of all safety related
matters. (T-2)
2.6.1.1. If established, Safety Sub-Groups will be chaired by the commander or
commander’s designee and will convene at the commander’s discretion. The Safety Sub-
Group will be represented at a minimum by group and squadron commanders from the
host base, representatives from each 2-letter office and commanders (or their designee)
from tenant organizations. Union representatives will be invited and encouraged to
participate. (T-3)
2.6.1.2. The safety staff will make all Safety Sub-Group arrangements; develop the
agenda and distribute it in advance; and record and publish council meeting minutes. The
Safety Sub-Group agenda and minutes will consider safety-related items addressed in the
previous ESOHC and the meeting outcomes will be added to the agenda and proceedings
of the following ESOHC. The chief of safety will ensure the minutes are prepared within
30 days following a Safety Sub-Group meeting. The Sub-Group chair will approve the
minutes and all Sub-Group members will be furnished a copy. OPRs will be identified for
items requiring action. (T-3)
2.6.2. Attachment 2 of AFI 90-801 identifies topics that can be addressed, as appropriate, at
the ESOH Council. Hazard report analysis will include AF Form 457, AFSAS-generated
Hazard reports, as well as Hazardous Air Traffic Reports (HATRs). Units may address flight
safety BASH, HATR and MACA issues through the Airfield Operations Board meetings.
2.7. Non-USAF Councils and Committees. The Air Force supports federal, state, and local
safety councils and committees and encourages safety staffs to take part in them.
2.8. Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) Safety Programs. MAJCOMs will
establish safety policy for MRTFB and other range activities. The overall goal of the range safety
program is to ensure safety consistent with operational requirements, which includes preventing
test objects, space launch vehicles or their hazardous effects from violating established limits.
Units operating any range facility or conducting “range activities” as defined by AFI 13-212,
52 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Range Planning and Operations, shall establish a range safety program to ensure public safety
and protection of government resources and personnel. The installation commander of the unit
operating the range is considered the Range Operating Authority (ROA). Under the direction of
the MAJCOM concerned, the ROA will:
2.8.1. Appoint a Range Safety Officer (RSO). RSOs appointed to the ROA typically monitor
daily activity and implement the safety program. Range safety duties vary from
installation0level program management (RSO assigned to the installation/wing) to on-site
safety oversight performed by the RSO, Range Control Officer (RCO) or activity manager
during execution.
2.8.2. Institute a RM program that quantifies risk and sets requirements for risk acceptance.
High residual risk range events are typically accepted by the installation commander or ROA.
MAJCOM/A3 and SE will establish guidance regarding high risk activities. Approval
authorities in coordination with the installation safety office may issue local OIs for select or
repetitious activities. (T-2)
2.8.3. Determine safety requirements and ensure all range users are in compliance. (T-2)
2.8.4. Establish allowable ground and flight safety conditions and take appropriate action to
ensure that test articles do not violate the conditions. Where reliability of the test object is not
established, appropriate measures should be taken to ensure it will not endanger the public or
their property. (T-1)
2.8.5. Ensure weapon safety footprints exist for all aircraft, weapons and tactics (including
those from other services and countries) authorized for a given target and event on the range.
Otherwise, employment is restricted IAW AFI 13-212. (T-1)
2.8.6. The installation safety office assists the ROA with the development and publication of
a standardized safety and RM program. An installation-level RSO may be appointed within
the safety office.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 53

Chapter 3

SAFETY ASSURANCE

3.1. General. Under the AFSMS, safety assurance is largely achieved through safety program
evaluations, assessments and inspections that measure program conformance, performance and
effectiveness of DoL, DoD and AFOSH requirements. See Table 3.1 for a summary of minimum
evaluation, assessment and inspection requirements.

Table 3.1. Safety Evaluations, Assessments and Inspections.

Level Frequency Type By Note

MAJCOM/DRU/FOA 36 Months Safety Evaluation AFSEC

NAF/Center/Wing 24 Months Safety Program MAJCOM/DRU/ 1

Evaluation FOA
Squadron, Standalone 24/12 Program Wing/Group SE 2
Group Months Assessment &
Safety Inspection
Wing and below Monthly Spot Wing/Group/Squ
adron SE/Safety
Representative/
Supervisor
Wing and below Monthly High Interest Wing/Group SE

Wing and below Varies Special and Wing/Group SE

Seasonal
Note 1: Conducted IAW this instruction and AFI 90-201, as applicable. MAJCOM/SEs
will work with their IGs to ensure safety programs receive an external verification/
validation conducted by qualified IG safety inspectors or MAJCOM safety staff. (T-1)
These Program Evaluations will be conducted for wing, wing-equivalent or higher with an
assigned safety staff. (T-1)

Note 2: Program Assessments are specified at a 24-month frequency, while safety

inspections are at a 12-month frequency. Annual safety program assessments and
inspections should be combined when conducted the same year to reduce the footprint
within the affected organization.

Note 3: Deleted.

Note 4: Deleted.

Note 5: Deleted.

Note 6: Deleted.
54 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Note 7: Deleted.

Note 8: Deleted.

Note 9: Deleted.

Note 10: Deleted.

Note 11: Deleted.

Note 12: Deleted.

3.2. Safety Evaluations. HQ AFSEC will conduct Safety Evaluations of MAJCOM

Headquarters Staffs at intervals not to exceed 36 months. These evaluations are conducted IAW
DoDI, OSHA Standards and federal law. At the direction of AF/SE they will be rated with a two-
tier (Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory) grading criteria.
3.2.1. Safety evaluations evaluate MAJCOM/SE program management compliance and
oversight of subordinate organizations’ safety programs. The evaluation provides the
MAJCOM/CC/CV an independent perspective of the effectiveness and efficiency of the
evaluated organization’s safety program.
3.2.2. A written report will be prepared for each evaluation and sent to the commander and
the safety staff of the MAJCOM being evaluated. This report will contain a statement to
declare the mishap prevention program conformance and performance under the systemic
processes of the AFSMS was either Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory.
3.3. Safety Program Evaluation (SPE). Either independently, or in conjunction with a UEI,
qualified safety personnel from MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs must evaluate the safety program of
each organization at wing (or wing-equivalent level), as appropriate, and higher. (T-1) During
the IG-led inspection, inspectors will sample areas where there is the most risk to mission. (T-1)
Safety staffs will develop evaluation checklists to assess compliance and performance of core
program elements. (T-1) Safety staffs-developed checklists will be reviewed at least annually for
accuracy and relevancy. (T-1) The SPE checklist items include, but are not limited to the APMR,
trends in MICT, mishap trends, results of OSHA inspections, local training of safety personnel
during program evaluations, to include OJT master training plan for assigned 1S0s, and results of
any commander-requested safety staff assistance visits that were conducted since the last safety
program evaluation. Ensure all items marked as “mandatory” in Attachment 3 of AFI 90-201 are
evaluated during SPEs. (T-1) Safety will prepare a comprehensive report on the status of the
Commander’s safety program, inclusive of all safety disciplines evaluated and will attach this
report as an addendum to the IG report or an independent report as called for by
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU procedures. (T-1) The report will contain a statement to declare the
mishap prevention program conformance and performance under the systemic processes of the
AFSMS was either met and effective, met but needs minor improvement(s), met but needs
significant improvement(s), or was not effective. (T-1)
3.4. Safety Program Assessments. Qualified safety personnel assess the safety program of
each standalone group and squadron on the installation every 24 months as a minimum.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 55

Exception: For subordinate Geographically Separated Units (GSUs), Detachments or Operating

Locations (OLs), recommend on-site safety program management assessment be accomplished
at intervals not to exceed 36 months. MAJCOM/SEs may allow a virtual assessment in lieu of
on-site visits. (T-1)
3.4.1. The assessment will cover all applicable safety disciplines. (T-1) Safety staffs will
conduct multi-discipline (e.g., Aviation, Occupational, etc.) assessments when feasible.
Safety assessments address the areas of commander and supervisory support, compliance
with program directives and the effectiveness of mishap prevention programs (performance).
Assessments may be conducted in conjunction with the annual safety inspection.
Assessments may include safety related data found in the Commander’s Inspection Program
(CCIP) IAW AFI 90-201.
3.4.2. The Safety Program Assessment is not an IG-led process, but is core to the safety
program and authorized in AFI 90-201. Commanders and Chiefs of Safety are encouraged to
use information from the CCIP as part of the assessment. Details of the CCIP are in AFI 90-
201. Results of the most recent Safety Program Assessments should be summarized and
included as part of the APMR.
3.4.3. Prepare a written report for each assessment. Send a copy of the report to the
commander of the organization. The assessment report may be combined with the annual
inspection report. This report must contain: (T-1)
3.4.3.1. A statement declaring the mishap prevention program conformance and
performance under the systemic processes of the AFSMS was either met and effective,
met but needs minor improvement(s), met but needs significant improvement(s), or was
not effective.
3.4.3.2. Unit assessed.
3.4.3.3. Date of assessment.
3.4.3.4. Management and supervisory support for safety.
3.4.3.5. Mishap experience and trends.
3.4.3.6. Compliance with safety program directives.
3.4.3.7. Description of any program deficiencies or policy shortfalls and references.
3.4.3.8. Recommendations for improvement/compliance.
3.4.4. Safety staffs will develop assessment checklists to assess compliance and performance
of core program elements. (T-1) Safety office-developed checklists will be reviewed at least
annually for accuracy and relevancy, and dated accordingly. (T-1) Conduct assessments with
prior notice. (T-1) Related MICT self-assessment communicators will be a part of the
composite assessment. (T-1)
3.4.5. When prescribed by MAJCOM safety guidance, subordinate safety staffs will upload
documentation in unit MICT (or hyperlink to suitable electronic medium, such as
SharePoint®) to permit oversight of assessments by the MAJCOM. (T-3)
56 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

3.4.6. Follow-up Procedures and Actions. The assessed unit will submit to the safety staff
corrective actions taken/planned. (T-1) Safety personnel will track and monitor the status of
all open assessment findings until closed. (T-1)
3.5. Annual Program Management Review (APMR). Refer to Attachment 17 for APMR
content. The management review provides leadership and applicable process owners a strategic
and critical evaluation of the conformance and performance of the Mishap Prevention Program
and an opportunity to recommend improvements. Each safety staff at the MAJCOM and below is
responsible for completing an APMR. (T-1) The APMR will include appropriate data from all
safety disciplines. (T-1) Results of the annual APMR inform the commander on the health and
effectiveness of the organization’s safety program and will contain a statement declaring the
mishap prevention program conformance and performance under the systemic processes of the
AFSMS was either, met and effective, met but needs minor improvement(s), met but needs
significant improvement(s), or was not effective. (T-1) Results and action items from this review
shall be documented, prioritized, communicated to affected organizations and tracked to
completion. (T-1) The Director/Chief of Safety will brief their commander on the results of the
APMR. (T-1) This brief may be conducted during the first ESOHC of the fiscal year. Optimally,
it will be briefed in the first quarter of the fiscal year (November or December). Each safety staff
conducting an APMR will forward their commander’s endorsed report to the next higher level,
i.e., NAF/Center, MAJCOM/FOA/DRU, HAF SE office within 10 duty days of the endorsement
date. (T-1)
3.6. Annual Safety Inspections. Safety inspections help identify hazards and measure
compliance with applicable safety guidance and standards. Annual inspections may be combined
with the scheduled program assessment and CCIP IAW AFI 90-201. The annual safety
inspection is not an IG-led inspection, but part of core safety duties and can only be
accomplished by a qualified safety professional.
3.6.1. Scope. At least annually (12 month cycle), qualified safety personnel shall inspect
every installation workplace/facility where Airmen are regularly employed at fixed
installations. Inspections are to be conducted more frequently based on factors such as the
exposure to and potential severity of hazards, actual accident experience, special emphasis
programs, changes in the organization’s staffing or workplaces or other events that increase
risk in the workplace. Procedures shall be established to document and follow-up on the
correction of hazards/deficiencies identified during inspections every 30 days (see spot
inspection follow-up and/or hazard abatement program). Note: Chiefs of Safety may extend
the hazards/deficiencies 30 day follow-ups, not to exceed 90 days. Conduct inspections of all
workplaces and operations where Airmen are regularly employed at fixed installations.
Inspections of workplaces and operations in contractor facilities (Government-Owned
Contractor Operated (GOCO) or contractor owned/operated) where fewer than 25 Airmen
are employed shall be at the discretion of the Chief of Safety, based on existing conditions
and potential risks. Assist the contract management multi-functional team, upon request, to
resolve any issues related to the safety of the contractor’s facilities. (T-0)
3.6.1.1. Facility, workplace and operational inspections. The safety manager will ensure
safety personnel are properly qualified and/or have been task certified to perform all
aspects of the inspection, and all facilities assigned to the unit are inspected/documented.
The inspection report will identify all workplaces and facilities inspected regardless of
whether there were findings or not. (T-0)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 57

3.6.1.2. All hazards identified during the inspections will be assigned a RAC. (T-1) The
safety staff conducting the inspection will assist the responsible supervisor in developing
hazard mitigation and abatement actions. (T-1) Program management deficiencies
identified during the inspections will be assigned a deficiency designator of Critical,
Significant or Minor. (T-1) Both hazards and deficiencies will be recorded and tracked
through closure. (T-1)
3.6.1.2.1. Critical deficiencies are any validated deficiencies that results in, or could
result in, widespread negative mission impact or failure.
3.6.1.2.2. Significant deficiencies are validated deficiencies that have or could have
negative mission impact.
3.6.1.2.3. Minor deficiencies are validated deficiencies that do not meet the
definition of a Critical or Significant deficiency, but requires corrective action.
3.6.1.3. Checklists will be used to help identify hazards, deficiencies and other work-
related violations. (T-1) Checklists located in AFI 91-203 may be used to meet this
requirement. Create supplemental checklists as needed to address requirements not
covered in AFI 91-203. (T-1) The safety staff will ensure checklists are available to all
applicable organizations. (T-1) Safety office-developed checklists will be reviewed at
least annually for accuracy and relevancy. (T-1) Method of documentation of the review
is determined by the safety staff.
3.6.1.4. The host safety staff inspects units that do not have an authorized full-time
safety position in a particular discipline. Exception: The host safety staff inspects HAF,
MAJCOM, NAF and AFOTEC safety offices as specified in paragraph 1.8.16.5.
Host/tenant/associate support agreements will define who will conduct inspections.
3.6.1.5. GSUs with full-time safety personnel will inspect workplaces annually and keep
a copy of report on file until the next annual inspection. For GSUs without a full-time
safety staff, the host base safety office conducts the annual workplace’s inspection
(unless a support agreement specifies otherwise) and forwards a copy of report to the
GSU and the GSU's parent organization. (T-1)
3.6.1.6. Tenant/Associate units with a full-time safety staff (by discipline) will conduct
annual inspections except as exempted in paragraph 1.8.16.5. (T-1)
3.6.1.7. Inspect at least 20 percent of unmanned missile and space launch facilities once
a year. Select these launch work areas to ensure that a representative segment of the
unit’s assets are inspected annually. Inspections must be scheduled to ensure all launch
work areas will be inspected over a 5-year cycle. (T-1)
3.6.2. Procedures. Safety staffs will conduct multi-discipline (e.g. Aviation, Occupational,
etc.) inspections when feasible. The safety staff will develop and publish an annual fiscal
year inspection schedule and distribute to units no later than 15 September for the upcoming
fiscal year. (T-1) A copy shall also be provided to union(s), as applicable. Coordinate
assessments and inspections with the Wing/IG gatekeeper. (T-1) When possible, these may
be conducted as part of the Wing’s Commander’s Inspection Program (CCIP).
3.6.2.1. Inspectors must consult with workplace personnel and their union
representatives on matters affecting their safety and health and give them the opportunity
58 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

to identify unsafe and unhealthy working conditions, equipment and practices. Conduct
such consultations privately and do not identify employees who want to remain
anonymous. (T-0)
3.6.2.2. Provide an out-brief to the commander within three duty days and a formal
written report to the squadron/unit commander within 15 calendar days after completion
of inspection. When either of these timeframes cannot be met, the safety staff will create
a memorandum for record justifying the delay. Ensure these reports along with the unit's
corrective actions are staffed through the installation commander as their policy
prescribes. When the host base safety office conducts inspections of tenant units, the host
base safety office will send a copy of the report to the parent safety office. Formal
inspection reports must contain: (T-1)
3.6.2.2.1. The unit, activity or work areas inspected.
3.6.2.2.2. The date of the inspection.
3.6.2.2.3. Facilities and/or work areas inspected.
3.6.2.2.4. Description of any hazards, deficiencies or unsafe work practices with risk
assessment and deficiency codes (as applicable) and references.
3.6.2.2.5. Causes of deficiencies and hazards noted, if known.
3.6.2.2.6. Recommendations for improvement/compliance.
3.6.2.2.7. Instructions for follow-up actions such as requiring units to provide
monthly updates on open items until closure.
3.6.2.3. Follow-up procedures and actions. The inspected unit will submit to the safety
staff corrective actions taken. (T-1) Safety personnel will track and monitor the status of
all open inspection findings until closed. (T-1) Use spot inspections and follow-up
reporting to ensure corrective action(s) are taken and hazards are mitigated/abated. (T-1)
All hazards identified during inspections will be IAW Chapter 4. (T-1)
3.6.3. Annual Facility/Workplace Inspection Report. In conjunction with the End of Year
Annual Hazard Abatement Survey Report data call, AFSEC/SEG will send a data call for
annual facility/workplace inspection report information required to complete the DoD report
called for within DoDI 6055.01. This data call will be sent to each MAJCOM/FOA/DRU for
subsequent distribution to their subordinate safety offices. Each tasked safety staff will
compile and provide the total number of facilities/workplaces they are responsible for
inspecting, the total number of facilities/workplaces inspected for the preceding fiscal year
and the percentage of facilities/workplaces inspected for the preceding fiscal year, to their
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU, who will, in turn, compile the provided data and send the composite
product back to AFSEC/SEG within the suspense date assigned. (T-1) Note: Refer to
paragraph 3.6.1 of this instruction to define the facilities/workplaces each safety staff is
responsible for inspecting. This could include, but is not limited to, electrical vaults, pump
houses, hard stands, wash racks, guard towers, etc. The local OSM will act as the decision
authority for situations where uncertainty exists with regards to facility/workplace inclusion
in this data call. (T-1)
3.7. Spot Inspections. Spot inspections are an effective way to find and eliminate transitory
hazards and ensure compliance with safety requirements. Workcenter/shop supervisors, USRs
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 59

and safety personnel will perform spot inspections to check the day-to-day safety and health of
an organization, workcenter, facility, etc. (T-3) Workcenter/shop supervisors, USRs and
ADWSRs will conduct and document monthly spot inspections. (T-3) See discipline specific
chapters for additional operations and areas that need to be inspected or monitored.
3.7.1. The Chief of Safety will develop a spot inspection program for their safety staff to
ensure coverage of on-duty and off-duty activities that occur on, or are controlled by the
installation.
(T-3)
3.7.2. Documentation of spot inspections by safety staffs will include the following: (T-3)
3.7.2.1. The organization, unit, activity or work area inspected.
3.7.2.2. The date and time of the inspection.
3.7.2.3. The inspector’s name and their organization or office symbol.
3.7.2.4. A brief description of the areas, equipment or processes/procedures reviewed as
well as observations (may also include positive findings), hazards or unsafe work
practices. When qualified safety personnel identify hazards or deficiencies, assign RACs
or deficiency codes, as prescribed by this instruction.
3.7.2.5. Causes of deficiencies and hazards, as noted.
3.7.2.6. Recommendations for corrective action.
3.7.2.7. Name and phone number and/or e-mail address of responsible person.
3.7.2.8. Ensure appropriate follow-up actions (every 30 days) are conducted and
documented until findings are closed. Note: Chiefs of Safety may extend the
hazards/deficiencies 30 day follow-ups, not to exceed 90 days.
3.7.3. Documentation of spot inspections by workcenter/shop supervisors and USRs will
include the following as a minimum. (T-3) Local safety staffs may prescribe additional
items.
3.7.3.1. The activity or work area inspected.
3.7.3.2. The date and time of the inspection.
3.7.3.3. The name of the person conducting the spot inspection.
3.7.3.4. A brief description of the area, equipment or process/procedure reviewed as well
as observations of hazards, deficiencies or unsafe work practices. The description may
also include positive findings.
3.7.3.5. The applicable RAC or deficiency code, if assigned by a qualified fire, safety or
health person after contact by the USR or supervisor.
3.7.3.6. Corrective action taken or planned. Ensure appropriate follow-up actions (every
30 days) are conducted and documented until findings are closed. (T-1)
3.8. High Interest Areas. High interest areas are those areas having the greatest risk to life or
property, have experienced repeated mishaps or in the judgment of the wing commander and/or
safety office require added monitoring. While designation should usually be based on trends,
60 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

analysis or command interest, they can also be work areas or operations that need additional
attention or inspections because of increased mishap potential due to the nature of the work
performed, physical conditions or type of materials handled. High interest areas, if identified,
will be designated by the Chief of Safety in writing. (T-3) Inspections will be accomplished and
documented at least monthly. (T-1) Documentation of High Interest Area inspections will be
IAW paragraph 3.7.2. (T-3)
3.9. Administrative Areas. Task-qualified unit occupational safety representatives may
conduct inspections of administrative work areas (not permissible for entire facility inspections)
when the safety staff determines the mishap potential is minimal. The applicable occupational
safety staff develops specific provisions to ensure the USR has sufficient documented training
and/or experience in the safety hazards of the administrative area to recognize and evaluate those
particular hazards and to suggest general abatement procedures, as required by 29 CFR 1960.25.
Any specific provisions beyond what may already be addressed in the required USR training
may be added to that training process. Periodic over-the-shoulder assessments of these USR
responsibilities will be accomplished and documented.
3.10. Special and Seasonal Inspections. Inspections are conducted to ensure work and
recreational environments are safe and healthy.
3.10.1. Special inspections include seasonal, targeted mishap preventive activities, special
events and mission readiness operations/exercises. Special inspections will be conducted of
installation child development centers (CDCs) and playgrounds that are part of real property.
(T-2) Note: Installation safety offices are not obligated to perform home daycare
inspections. They will instead provide hazard recognition training to Force Support
Squadrons CDCs, so they may conduct home daycare inspections. (T-3)
3.10.2. Seasonal inspections will be conducted of recreational areas (e.g., sports fields,
swimming pools, camp grounds, and recreational vehicle parks and other recreational areas).
FSS will coordinate with the safety staff to jointly conduct pre-season inspections of seasonal
areas. (T-3)
3.11. Staff Assistance Visits (SAV). The purpose of the SAV program is to help develop
solutions, not to inspect or evaluate, and to provide observations and recommendations for
improvement. SAVs may be conducted at any level at any time, but only when requested by the
commander who is receiving the SAV. Provide a written report to the commander. Do not
require replies unless an action started during the visit needs monitoring by the higher
headquarters safety staff or requires further staff action above the level of the visited unit.
3.12. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections. OSHA officials may conduct inspections of
nonmilitary-unique workplaces and operations where Air Force civilian personnel work
(inspections may be unannounced). Refer to Chapter 8 for specific requirements.
3.13. Contract Performance Assessment. Installation or tenant unit safety offices, as
applicable, will assist the MFT in validating that contractors are meeting the safety requirements
of the contract. If the installation is pursuing VPP certification, the contracting officer is
responsible for notifying contractors in writing who are performing work on the installation. (T-
3)
3.13.1. The MFT will ensure contractors perform IAW the terms and conditions of the
contract. Discrepancies will be reported to the MFT via contracting officer’s representative
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 61

(COR). Commanders will ensure CORs that are required to monitor safety requirements are
trained in the recognition of hazardous conditions/environments, the use of safety and health
standards, and in other areas of safety, as necessary. The appropriate safety office will assist
commanders and CORs in specialized safety training requirements to ensure the COR is
properly trained to provide oversight of the contract. (T-3)
3.13.2. Airmen who note potential safety violation(s) will report the hazard to the COR.
CORs notify the multi-functional team, and initiate the appropriate actions related to
violations. Unless there is critical/imminent danger, Airmen should avoid reporting safety
violations directly to the contractor, but should immediately report observed violations to the
contracting officer or the installation safety office. (T-3)
3.13.3. Inspection of Contractor Work Areas and GOCO Work Areas. When Airmen
conduct safety inspections in contractor work areas their primary concern is the potential
risks to Airmen and government property. Hazardous conditions or violations of safety
standards will be reported to the contracting officer, the responsible commander or to the
installation safety office. (T-1) Note: Inspections of workplaces and operations in
contractor installations where fewer than 25 DoD personnel are employed shall be at the
COS’s discretion, based on existing conditions and potential risks. (T-3)
3.13.3.1. GOCO explosives activities must comply with the applicable portions of DoDI
4145.26, DoD Contractor’s Safety Requirements for Ammunition and Explosives, to
assure safety of the activity and the prevention of mishaps. (T-0)
3.13.3.2. The requirements documents will specify compliance with appropriate
provisions of DoD Manual 6055.9-M, DoD Ammunition and Explosives Safety
Standards, AFMAN 91-201, and this instruction. (T-0)
62 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 4

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND REPORTING

4.1. Hazard Identification. Mishap prevention depends on personnel identifying, reporting and
correcting hazards promptly and efficiently. Managers or supervisors will not allow coercion,
discrimination or reprisal against an Airman who exercises their right to report hazards. Reports
can be submitted anonymously.
4.2. Reporting Criteria. Submit hazard reports unless personnel can take corrective action
under this instruction or any of these Air Force publications: (T-3)
4.2.1. AFI 11-215, USAF Flight Manuals Program (FMP).
4.2.2. AFI 51-1101, The Air Force Procurement Fraud Remedies Program.
4.2.3. AFI 91-204, Safety Investigations and Reports.
4.2.4. TO 00-5-1, Air Force Technical Order System.
4.2.5. TO 00-35D-54, USAF Deficiency Reporting, Investigation and Resolution.
4.3. Hazard Reporting Procedures. Commanders must ensure an AF Form 457, USAF
Hazard Report (HR), or equivalent product is readily available to all personnel. Readily available
is defined as not being under lock and key or only accessible through electronic means when a
member does not have immediate access to a government computer. To ensure anonymity in
reporting is preserved, commanders will consider that the form posting AF Forms 457 in readily
available locations, may be submitted anonymously when choosing the method of making the
form readily available. Recommended locations include, but are not limited to, commonly visited
areas such as break rooms, training rooms, debrief rooms and safety bulletin boards, if used. Any
person assigned, attached or under contract to the Air Force may report a hazard. A hazard report
may be submitted on any event that includes hazards, unsafe procedures, practices or conditions
that affects flight, ground, weapons, systems or space safety. Report hazards to the responsible
supervisor or consult local SE office for guidance. This process is not designed for readdressing
hazards that are already being managed for abatement through another process such as a civil
engineering work request, job order, project or mishap investigation. (T-1)
4.3.1. If the hazard presents critical/imminent danger, the supervisor or individual
responsible for that area will take immediate action to mitigate or eliminate the hazard to
protect personnel or property. (T-0)
4.3.2. Report hazards that cannot be eliminated immediately to the installation safety office
via the AF Form 457, by telephone, e-mail or in person. (T-1)
4.3.3. The Chief of Safety, in consultation with his staff, will determine the appropriate
safety, fire or health discipline to investigate the HR. The assigned investigator will
investigate the HR within one (1) duty day for critical/imminent danger situations, and three
(3) duty days for potentially serious situations and 10 duty days for lesser conditions. The
investigator discusses the HR with the member who submitted the report (if known), the
responsible supervisor or manager and other parties involved to validate the hazard and
determine the best interim control and corrective action. (T-3)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 63

4.3.4. If the hazard is validated:

4.3.4.1. The investigator assigns a HR control number, a RAC as appropriate and
monitors all corrective actions until complete. (T-1)
4.3.4.2. The investigator completes the HR’s Part II, “Summary of Investigation,” and
sends it promptly to the individual responsible for making sure corrective action is
completed and the hazard eliminated or controlled. (T-1)
4.3.4.3. The responsible individual completes Part II, “Action Taken,” within 10 working
days and returns the HR to the safety office for monitoring. (T-1)
4.3.4.4. The investigator informs the originator (if known) in writing about the corrective
action or plans and conducts follow-up reviews until the action is completed. The
investigator informs the originator, (if known), about the completed action within 10
workdays after the report is closed. If the originator is not known, inform the supervisor
or manager of corrective actions. (T-1)
4.3.4.5. If the HR response is not satisfactory to the originator, the originator should
resubmit the report and follow procedures in paragraph 4.5.
4.3.4.6. HRs that result in an assignment of a RAC may be closed and corrective action
monitored through the hazard abatement process. Note: Transference of tracking from
the hazard reporting program to that hazard abatement program does not relieve the
investigator or the responsibilities called for in paragraph 4.3.4.4.
4.4. Additional Reporting Procedures. Transient personnel unable to report a hazard at a base
where it is found should submit the HR to the next Air Force base they visit, or to the safety
office at their home base. The receiving safety office will send the report to the responsible
installation safety office. (T-1)
4.4.1. The safety office sends reports on hazards that cannot be corrected at the local level to
the agencies that can take appropriate action. (T-1)
4.4.2. Tenant personnel send hazard reports involving activities for which the host is
responsible to the host base safety office for processing. (T-1)
4.4.3. Hazard reports requiring urgent action should be transmitted by the most
expeditionary communication means available (overnight mail, official government e-mail,
telephone). (T-3)
4.4.4. Persons identifying hazards involving weather forecasting must submit hazard reports
as soon as possible to ensure that records are not destroyed. Promptly advise the appropriate
agency providing weather forecasting services, i.e., installation weather flight/detachment
supporting operational weather squadron, of their intention to submit a hazard report.
Aircrews should consider using a Hazardous Air Traffic Report. (T-3)
4.4.5. Installation safety staffs send hazard reports that involve other military services,
foreign nations or other agencies outside the Air Force to HQ AFSEC/SE, 9700 G Ave SE,
Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5670, and to the affected Air Force units and their chain of
command as information addressees. Upon receipt, AFSEC will maintain tracking and
subsequent closing action of the report and will report results to both the sending and
affected unit. (T-1)
64 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

4.5. Airmen Appeal Procedures. If an Airman is dissatisfied with actions taken on a hazard
report, he or she should resubmit the report to the appropriate installation safety, fire protection
or BE office, and request the alleged hazard be reinvestigated. Reports can be submitted
anonymously. The safety, fire and/or health representative must respond within 10 duty days. If
the Airman is still dissatisfied, they may appeal to a higher level of safety, fire protection or
health office in the following sequence: (T-0)
4.5.1. Intermediate headquarters.
4.5.2. MAJCOM headquarters.
4.5.3. AFSEC/SEG (safety hazards), AFCEC/CEXF (fire hazards), or AFMSA/SG3 (health
hazards).
4.5.4. SAF/IE, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Installations, Environment and
Logistics.
4.5.5. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Environmental Security. This is the final
review for reports that originate at installations in foreign countries, from military personnel
or involve military-unique operations or equipment.
4.5.6. Higher level appeals must be addressed promptly and a reply sent to the employee
within 20 calendar days. If a reply is not received within 20 calendar days or if the employee
is dissatisfied with the reply, they may appeal to the next higher level. Each reply to an
appeal will advise the employee of this right and will include the office symbol and address
of the next higher level of appeal. If requested, the appropriate agency will assist the
employee in obtaining technical information for clarification or for processing the appeal. (T-
3)
4.5.7. Civilian employees may submit appeals directly to the Office of Federal Agency
Safety Programs, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, US Department of Labor.
However, the procedures outlined in the paragraphs above are encouraged as the most
expeditious means of correcting hazardous conditions.
4.5.8. The procedures outlined above do not prevent the use of agency or negotiated
grievance procedures.
4.6. Risk Reduction and Mitigation. Commanders and supervisors at all levels are expected to
determine the level of acceptable risk required to preserve assets and safeguard health and
welfare. They should incorporate RM into daily activities, on duty and off duty, IAW AFI 90-
802. These principles are: (T-1)
4.6.1. Accept no unnecessary risk.
4.6.2. Make risk decisions at the appropriate level.
4.6.3. Integrate RM into operations, activities and planning at all levels.
4.6.4. Apply the process cyclically and continuously.
4.7. Preparation of Risk Assessments. A formal risk assessment succinctly documents the
results of the Deliberate 5-Step RM process and supports follow-on decision-making processes.
Decision options typically involve determining whether one or more particular courses of action
should be pursued (e.g., implementing equipment improvements, safety or warning device
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 65

improvements, operational improvements, technical improvements, policy improvements), or

whether a risk should be accepted. A risk assessment supports decision-making processes by
objectively identifying a hazard, assessing its risk, thoroughly analyzing potential options for risk
mitigation and making a recommendation. Note: The term “losses” also include fatalities, not
just system losses. Refer to AFI 90-802 and AFPAM 90-803, Attachment 8, for additional
guidance regarding the preparation of formal risk assessments and the use of the AF Form 4437,
Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet, to assist in documenting formal risk assessments.
66 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 5

INFORMATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

5.1. Information Protection. Safety investigation reports contain privileged safety information
and are for mishap prevention purposes only; they are not releasable outside of safety channels.
Portions of such reports, though, contain factual, non-privileged information, which may be
released to the public, as well as information that is not releasable to the public. For example,
information that is for official use only (FOUO), may be restricted from public release by the
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (Title 5, U.S.C., Section 552), the Privacy Act (Title 5,
U.S.C., Section 552a), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) (Public
Law 104-19, 21 August 1996), Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sections 2751 et
seq.), Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., Appendix Sections 2401 et seq.), and
other pertinent laws, regulations and policies. For requests for release of non-privileged
information in safety reports or databases, AFSEC/JA is the release authority for requests for
release outside of the AF; AFSEC personnel or the installation chief of safety is the release
authority for requests from AF organizations. (T-0)
5.2. Safety Information.
5.2.1. Forward reports of Air Force mishaps as directed by AFI 91-204. Some of these
reports may contain recommendations requiring urgent action requirements by AF agencies.
Treat these mishap reports as urgent action notices.
5.2.2. Urgent action notices will be forwarded to HQ AFSEC through the Air Force Service
Watch Center (AFSWC) at DSN 227-6103 or AFWatch@Pentagon.af.mil. HQ AFSEC will
distribute these notices to safety offices through electronic distribution as appropriate to
organizations with applicable guidance/instructions.
5.3. Recurring Publications. The goal of these publications is to prevent mishaps By providing
educational information and insights. These publications discuss topics like standards
implementation as well as establishment/maintenance of nuclear surety, environment, safety and
occupational health programs. The OPR for each publication will determine content and
frequency. HQ AFSEC/SEF posts monthly Blue Four News on the Air Force Safety Automated
System (AFSAS) website, summarizing the previous month's Class A and B aviation mishaps.
This summary contains privileged information and will be protected IAW AFI 91-204, Chapter
3.
5.3.1. HQ AFSEC/SE will issue recurring publications pertaining to the Air Force mishap
prevention program.
5.3.2. MAJCOM Publications. MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs will utilize a variety of media and
mediums to disseminate command-specific safety information to subordinate units.
5.3.3. Periodic Summaries. HQ/AFSEC sends periodic mishap summaries to the
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety staffs. These summaries include recent mishap experience,
mishap statistics, analyses of current problem areas and proposed changes in safety policy.
These summaries will be disseminated, as appropriate, to subordinate organizations for
mishap prevention purposes.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 67

5.4. Methods of Information Distribution. Select an appropriate distribution method by

considering content, time available and audience. The MAJCOM/FOA/DRU safety office will
determine the appropriate distribution methods for their subordinate organizations. Suggested
methods of distribution are:
5.4.1. For privileged safety information (requires appropriate screening of attendees,
marking of materials and reminders of the privileged nature of the information):
5.4.1.1. Safety meetings.
5.4.1.2. Supervisor safety briefings.
5.4.2. For non-privileged safety information:
5.4.2.1. Safety meetings
5.4.2.2. Supervisor safety briefings.
5.4.2.3. Base newspapers and bulletins.
5.4.2.4. Safety publications.
5.4.2.5. HQ/AFSEC or MAJCOM/FOA/DRU publications.
5.4.2.6. Electronic means via e-mail, web page or video.
5.5. Mishap Analysis Program. In order to reduce mishaps, Commanders and Chiefs of Safety
must know the types of mishaps and mishap rates, and number of mishaps that occur in their
command. Once the type and number are identified, commanders can take risk mitigation actions
based on sound mishap analysis. This historical look-back approach should be complemented by
a proactive, forward looking mishap prevention plan based on pre-identified hazards that haven’t
yet caused a mishap.
5.5.1. MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and Wing safety staffs will: (T-2)
5.5.1.1. Conduct an annual analysis and develop specific actions to reverse adverse
trends. Analysis should target specific problem areas with recommendations for
commander approval and appropriate actions. This analysis complements the data
required in Attachment 17.
5.5.1.2. Identify successes or problem areas and trends, measure safety program
effectiveness and guide prevention actions. (T-2)
5.5.2. HQ AFSEC will perform an annual Air Force-level trend analysis and publish results.
In addition, AFSEC may conduct Safety Analysis Team (SAT) hazard and mishap trend
analysis (as described in paragraph 5.8) for MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs, as directed by AF/SE.
5.6. Mishap Prevention Analysis Methods. There are several ways to approach analysis of
mishap data and proactive information for mishap prevention purposes. Program analysis
functions are to target, monitor and/or study.
5.6.1. Target Approach. This approach is similar to the study method below. After
determining causes of mishaps, recommendations are developed and prioritized based on the
frequency and severity. Corrective actions are directed at the activities and mechanisms that
result in the greatest number of injuries.
68 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

5.6.2. Study Approach. This is a detailed examination of a specific problem area through the
use of a systematic process. A study should follow a systematic process. It typically follows
the format of the Scientific Method. The researcher first drafts a problem statement that
clearly defines the goals of the study. For example, a suitably specific research question
might be “Determine a trend in the frequency of X and identify possible explanations for this
trend.” The researcher will then conduct background research to identify factors and data
relevant to the problem. Then the researcher must draft an objective statement that describes
the problem and limits the study (the hypothesis or purpose). An example is “X is increasing
because of Y.” Then the researcher develops a plan on how these factors and data are going
to be collected, tabulated, compared, plotted and analyzed (methods). Finally, the data is
collected and analyzed and results reported confirming or denying the hypotheses.
Conclusions and implications regarding application of the results of the study are the most
important outcome of the study. (T-3)
5.6.3. Additional Analysis Categories. In this method, the safety staff selects categories of
raw data and reviews them regularly in the form of tabulations or rates. The object is to
identify trends and problem areas. Selection of the areas to be monitored depends on the
available data and the needs of the organization. Mishap reports are a good place to start, but
other areas should not be overlooked. Some other categories that may be appropriate for
analysis are: (T-3)
5.6.3.1. Hazardous Air Traffic Reports.
5.6.3.2. High Accident Potential Reports.
5.6.3.3. Deficiency Reports.
5.6.3.4. Inspection/Evaluation Reports.
5.6.3.5. Foreign Object Damage (FOD) Reports.
5.6.3.6. First-Aid Cases.
5.6.3.7. Maintenance Logs or Reports.
5.6.3.8. Hazard Reports.
5.6.3.9. Airman Safety Action Program (ASAP).
5.6.3.10. Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance (MFOQA) Analyses.
5.6.3.11. Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA) Reports.
5.6.3.12. Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS) Surveys.
5.6.3.13. Organizational Safety Assessments (OSAs).
5.7. Use of Analyzed Data. The purpose of analysis is to help prevent mishaps and present
conclusions drawn in a useful format that can be applied to prevention programs. Once
corrective actions are taken, follow-up analysis may be required to determine effectiveness.
5.8. Safety Analysis Team (SAT) Process. The SAT process is an AFSEC Analysis and
Integration Division (AFSEC/SEA) led proactive, data-driven process with the goal of providing
commanders with unbiased, rank-ordered risk mitigation strategies to assist in resource
allocation for the preservation of combat capability.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 69

5.8.1. The SAT process focuses exclusively on SME analysis of mishap reports,
identification of “documented” risk and development of risk mitigation strategies to meet
these hazards. The process then considers the effectiveness of each of the strategies weighed
against real-world constraints, and through detailed mathematical analysis provides
commanders with a rank-ordered list of qualified and quantified recommendations for
implementation.
5.8.2. SAT assessments can be requested through the AFSEC/SEA. All requests are
approved by AF/SE. HQ AFSEC/SEA will conduct the study and provide a final report and
out-brief to the requesting commander. For additional information contact HQ AFSEC/SEA:
DSN 246-1562, Commercial (505) 846-1562.
5.9. Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System (AFCMRS). AFCMRS provides any
commander with an anonymous, no-cost, web-based safety culture survey designed for
operators, maintainers, support personnel, medical personnel and headquarters staff. There is
also a survey which addresses motor vehicle safety. Results are available immediately upon
survey completion and commanders receive a telephonic debrief to explain the data and how to
utilize the AFCMRS analytic tools.
5.9.1. Commanders may request AFCMRS survey at https://www.afcmrs.org/ or by
contacting the HQ AFSEC Human Factors Division (HQ AFSEC/SEH): DSN 264-6097,
Commercial (505) 846-6097.
5.9.2. An OSA is a customized, in-depth, proactive mishap prevention tool that aids
commanders in risk assessment and safety decision making. The program focuses on
operations, maintenance and support functions with a direct impact on safety across the entire
organization. The OSA team is comprised of subject matter experts who survey and
interview members of the host organization in person regarding safety and related topics
specifically identified by the requesting commander.
5.9.3. Commanders may request an OSA through AFSEC/SEH. If approved by AF/SE,
AFSEC/SEH will conduct the OSA and provide an immediate out-brief to the requesting
commander. Contact AFSEC/SEH: DSN 263-3513 or Commercial 505-853-3513, for
information.
5.10. Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance (MFOQA). The Air Force MFOQA
Program is a proactive aviation safety initiative that analyzes routine flight data to detect,
measure and mitigate mishap precursors while protecting crew identity.
5.10.1. Currently, the MFOQA Program uses former Air Force instructor pilots (IPs) under
contract with the Safety Center to analyze the flight data and produce monthly reports for
aircrew, operational leaders and safety officers. The MFOQA analysts study the aggregate
data to establish a baseline of normal flight operations, detect trends toward operational
limits, and examine exceedances of preset parameters. The result of such analyses allows
leaders to intervene to correct adverse mission and safety trends before they lead to mishaps.
Subsequent analyses of the same data allow leaders to objectively measure whether the
corrective action was effective.
5.10.2. Commanders and safety professionals can utilize MFOQA to validate effectiveness
of tactics, training and procedures by measuring what actually happens out in the system;
compare actual versus calculated aircraft performance data; obtain insight on how effectively
70 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

flights are following mission profiles; learn where unstable approaches and go-arounds are
most likely to occur; detect exact parts of profiles where over/under-loads, over-speeds, and
over-temps are most likely to occur; measure variations in mission accomplishment within
pre-established limits in order to optimize processes; and assess whether a procedural change
has had a positive or negative effect on operations. Also, safety professionals and leaders can
request customized analyses that lend specific insights into their operations. Contact
AFSEC/SEF at afsec/sefe@us.af.mil.
5.11. Airman Safety Action Program (ASAP). The Air Force ASAP initiative provides a
voluntary, web-based reporting tool to report errors and hazards.
5.11.1. ASAP is designed to capture hazards and errors detected by airfield operations,
aircrew and maintainers and to distribute that information throughout the aviation community
so that all may benefit. ASAP also provides leadership with evidence of risk that may
otherwise be invisible, so that risk management actions can be taken to improve safety.
5.11.2. Commanders and safety professionals utilize ASAP to uncover the latest hazards;
obtain information needed to brief-up threats and errors related to airfields, terrain, or air
traffic control (ATC); and identify seldom seen navigation or weather traps. The program
allows decision-makers to look across different mission design series (MDS) to perceive
system-wide problems, with command and control, or with non-U.S. transient alert. ASAP
also enhances the self-learning, self-awareness and self-correction that take place as reporters
are guided through a user-friendly interface that prompts reflection and analysis of what
occurred.
5.11.3. ASAP reports can be filed and viewed by anyone with a Common Access Card
(CAC) by accessing the following website: http://www.safety-masap.com/.
5.12. Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA). The Air Force LOSA Program is a non-punitive,
unobtrusive, peer-to-peer observation program that collects safety-related flight data during
normal operations in order to assess safety margins and improvement measures.
5.12.1. LOSA is designed to provide early warnings of developing safety problems. The
program works by selecting and training highly qualified crewmembers to ride on jump seats
during routine flights to record the threats encountered by aircrew, the types of errors
committed and how the crews managed those threats and errors in order to maintain safety.
How crews manage threats and errors provides excellent insights into training and
organizational culture. LOSA observers also study Crew Resource Management (CRM)
performance and perform a carefully structured interview to collect aircrew input for safety
improvement.
5.12.2. LOSA can be used by commanders and safety professionals to systematically and
scientifically identify the strengths and weaknesses of normal operations, decrease the
frequency of undesirable events, assess the quality and usability of procedures, detect
inappropriate techniques, identify design issues with automation as evidenced through mode
errors and aircrew use, and detect normalization of deviance in the form of workarounds and
shortcuts used by aircrew, air traffic controllers and dispatchers.
5.13. Deleted.
5.13.1. Deleted.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 71

5.13.2. Deleted.
5.14. Standard Mishap Metrics. Mishap metrics (calculated as a number of events against
some kind of exposure) are an effective way to compare the actions and accomplishments of
your unit. Consideration must be given to the differences in operations, environment, equipment
or other variables when comparing organizations or MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs. The metrics used
by the safety community to this point have focused on results – the number of mishaps
experienced over time relative to exposure. HQ AFSEC uses standardized rates for metrics
below:
5.14.1. Aviation Mishaps.
5.14.1.1. Total USAF Aviation Class A/B Metric. This metric identifies the number of
USAF aviation mishaps (to include flight, flight-related aircraft ground operations and
remotely piloted aircraft [RPA]) and aircraft flight and RPA mishap rates per 100,000
flying hours. The Class A/B rate is calculated as the total number of Class A/B mishaps
multiplied by 100,000 flying hours divided by the total number of flying hours.
5.14.1.2. USAF Class A Aviation Flight Mishap Metric. This metric identifies the
number of USAF Class A aircraft flight mishaps per 100,000 flying hours.
5.14.1.3. Aviation-Related Fatalities Metric. This metric identifies the number of
fatalities due to USAF aviation mishaps and mishap rates per 100,000 flying hours.
5.14.1.4. Destroyed USAF Aircraft Metric. This metric identifies the number of
destroyed USAF aircraft due to aviation mishaps and mishap rates per 100,000 flying
hours.
5.14.1.5. USAF RPA A/B Metric. This metric identifies the number of USAF RPA
mishaps and the RPA mishap rate per 100,000 flying hours.
5.14.1.6. USAF RPA Destroyed Metric. This metric identifies the number of USAF
destroyed RPA and the rate per 100,000 flying hours.
5.14.2. Class A & B Weapons Metric. This metric identifies the total Class A and B
weapons mishaps.
5.14.3. Class A & B Space Metric. This metric identifies the total Class A and B Space
mishaps.
5.14.4. Ground Mishaps.
5.14.4.1. On Duty Ground Metric (Rate). This metric applies to both military and
civilian personnel and is used to identify the number of mishaps, fatalities or injuries
experienced by military and civilian personnel while on duty per 100,000 personnel per
FY. To calculate daily, monthly or yearly on-duty rates, multiply the total number of
military and civilian mishap, fatalities or injuries by 100,000 personnel divided by the
military and civilian strength. Note: AFSEC calculates daily and yearly statistics based
upon AFPC/ARPC strength numbers.
5.14.4.2. Off-Duty Ground Metric (Rate). This metric applies only to military personnel
and is used to identify the number of mishaps, fatalities or injuries experienced by off-
duty military personnel per 100,000 personnel per year. To calculate daily, monthly or
yearly off-duty rates, multiply the total number of military mishap, fatalities or injuries x
72 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

100,000 personnel divided by the military strength. Note: AFSEC calculates daily and
yearly statistics based upon AFPC/ARPC strength numbers.
5.14.4.3. Private Motor Vehicle (PMV) Off-duty Metric (Rate). This metric applies only
to military personnel and is used to identify the number of off-duty PMV fatalities
experienced by off-duty military personnel per 100,000 personnel.
5.14.4.4. Total Case Incident Rate (TCIR). This metric applies only to civilian personnel
and is used to identify the total number of recordable (Class A, B, C, and D) civilian
injuries and illness cases per 100 full-time employees that a site has experienced per year.
The TCIR is calculated as follows: TCIR = (Total number of injuries x 200,000)/Number
of man-hours worked. Rationale: The 200,000 hours are based on 100 full-time workers
working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks each year (100 x 40 hours per week x 50 weeks).
Total man hours worked equals the personnel strength x 40 hours per week x 50 weeks
per year plus overtime hours worked. Note: Actual hours to include overtime should be
used for computing civilian hours worked.
5.14.4.5. Days Away, Restricted, and/or Transfer (DART) Case Incidence Rate. This
metric applies only to civilian personnel and is used to identify the total number of
recordable civilian injuries and illness cases per 100 full-time employees resulting in days
away from work, restricted work activity, and/or job transfer that a site has experienced
in a given time frame. The DART is calculated as follows: DART = (Total incidents
resulting in days away, restricted work or transfer x 200,000)/Number of man-hours
worked. Rationale: The 200,000 hours are based on 100 full-time workers working 40
hours per week, 50 weeks each year (100 x 40 hours per week x 50 weeks). Total man
hours worked equals the personnel strength x 40 hours per week x 50 weeks per year plus
overtime hours worked.
Note: Actual hours to include overtime should be used for computing civilian hours worked.
5.14.4.6. To compare your TCIR and DART rates go to the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS) website at http://www.osha.gov/oshstats/work.html for national averages.
5.15. Calculating Federal Employee Compensation Metric (Rate). This metric applies only
to civilian personnel. These rates are related to civilian claims that result for on-duty civilian
mishaps per 200,000 hours of exposure. To calculate the rates, multiply the number of civilian
compensation claims by 200,000 hours divided by civilian strength multiplied by 2,000 hours
plus overtime hours, e.g., (Total number of civilian compensation claims x 200,000)/Number of
man-hours worked. Rationale: The 2,000 hours equates to 40 hours per week x 50 weeks per
year.
5.16. AFSAS Analysis and Query Tools.
5.16.1. AFSAS Data Extraction Tool (DET). The DET was developed to supply AFSAS
users with a quick and easy tool for obtaining historical mishap data. The DET will generally
meet the majority of requests for raw data, with the added capability to extract the data to
either MS-Excel, HTML or MS-Word.
5.16.2. AFSAS Advanced Query Tool. AFSAS Advanced Query Tool is a Business
Intelligence capability that provides users a repository of ready-to-go reports, formatted to
define requirements. Reports found within the repository were developed to fulfill the
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 73

requirements of Air Force safety personnel to generate periodic dashboard-like briefings to

senior leadership. Typically, these reports have specific, repetitive data and presentation
requirements that change very little over time.
5.16.2.1. AFSAS Advanced Query Tool reports retrieve data directly from AFSAS and
other systems automatically, on a daily basis, leaving safety professionals more time to
focus on other important tasks other than building repetitive briefings.
5.16.2.2. In addition, the Tool also offers an advance query tool called Query Studio.
Query Studio offers users the capability to the DET, to create simple queries, but with
greater options to conform data into charts and graphs for presentations.
74 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 6

DEPLOYMENT AND CONTINGENCY SAFETY

6.1. Deployment and Contingency Safety Program. The purpose of this chapter is to provide
Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) a tool to preserve combat capability and manage
risk to U.S. based and deployed Air Force units supporting U.S. homeland and worldwide
contingency operations. The rotational nature of forces within an Area of Responsibility (AOR)
necessitates an active program and commander involvement at all levels. Pre-planning, training,
and preparation prior to deployments are essential to mission success. Note: This instruction
also applies to Air Force Forces (AFFOR).
6.1.1. Objectives:
6.1.1.1. Provide timely and accurate safety information to commanders.
6.1.1.2. Enhance deployed unit mishap prevention programs.
6.1.1.3. Recommend required mishap mitigation measures.
6.1.1.4. Deleted.
6.1.2. No aspect of this chapter is intended to conflict with existing AFPDs, AFIs or Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures (TTP). It is intended to clarify the duties and responsibilities of
the AFFOR and deployed Air Force Safety office in the context of a unique deployment
environment. In the event that this instruction conflicts with safety guidelines set forth by
AOR governing/executive agency, the most restrictive guidance will apply. The requirements
of the Deployed and Contingency Safety Program apply to all AFFOR
assigned/gained/aligned units for the duration of their assignment or deployment. In specific
areas where guidance is lacking in this instruction, good judgment and thorough
communication throughout the chain of command must prevail.
6.1.3. Bare Base Safety.
6.1.3.1. Risk Management. While establishing bare base and short term operations, the
single most important action a deployed Chief of Safety can take is RTRM. Specific
programs as listed in this instruction will be implemented as resources are available to
establish and maintain them. Once in place, sustainment ops commanders, supervisors
and functional managers at all levels will develop and implement safety, RM and health
programs that integrate hazard reduction and safety policy into all on-duty and off-duty
operations and activities. (T-3)
6.1.3.2. Key Programs. Bare base safety priorities must include a Spot Inspection
Program (ensures safety is in the work areas), the Unit Safety Representative program
(conduit for information to and from the unit), and Mishap Response Plans. As the
location matures, the commander must evaluate the need for additional programs. (T-3)
6.2. AFFOR/SE.
6.2.1. AFFOR/SE elements will forward deploy as needed within the AOR in support of Air
Expeditionary Force (AEF) tasking, Operational Plans (OPLANS), contingency operations,
theater engagement or to perform assessments.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 75

6.2.2. AFFOR/SE Responsibilities:

6.2.2.1. Guide the execution of the AFFOR Safety Program within the AOR.
6.2.2.2. Coordinate manpower requirements for staff safety functions in the AOR.
6.2.2.3. Coordinate and execute the AFFOR Hazard Review Board. See paragraph 6.7.
6.2.2.4. Coordinate with the COMAFFOR, geographic Combatant Commands (GCC)
and other Component Commands of the GCC, Host Nations, sister services,
MAJCOMs/NAFs, other governmental agencies and non-governmental agencies on
safety-specific theater issues and safety investigations.
6.2.2.5. Author AOR OPLAN annexes, as required.
6.2.2.6. Conduct semi-annual evaluations to ensure continuity of AFFOR-gained units,
observe execution of unit safety programs and provide feedback, as necessary.
6.3. AFFOR Deployed Unit Safety Functions and Organizations. Air Force Forces
(AFFOR) deployed safety offices will establish and maintain all required mishap prevention
programs as addressed in this instruction and applicable AOR procedures. AFFOR/SE will
provide guidance and assistance as necessary. (T-2)
6.3.1. Scope. Most units are composed of an Air Expeditionary Wing (AEW) or Air
Expeditionary Group (AEG), associated flying squadrons, maintenance units and mission
support units. Where there is no parent AEW or AEG, squadrons/detachments will assume
duties listed below, where applicable.
6.3.2. Air Expeditionary Wing/Group/Squadron Commander Responsibilities:
6.3.2.1. Coordinate/liaise with AFFOR/SE on requested manpower changes.
6.3.2.2. Provide guidance to the assigned safety staff on performing safety duties.
6.3.2.3. Expeditionary Squadron Commanders will appoint a USR for occupational
safety. Designate, by signed memo, USRs to the AEW/AEG safety office prior to
departure of the current USR or within two weeks of arrival of new appointee. Newly
appointed USRs must coordinate with the AEW/AEG Safety Office for training so that
training may be accomplished within seven days of appointment notification. (T-3)
6.3.2.4. Expeditionary flying Squadron Commanders will designate, by signed memo, an
Additional Duty Flight Safety Officer (ADFSO) to the AEW/AEG safety office prior to
departure of the current ADFSO or within two weeks of individual’s arrival. ADFSOs
should attend the ASPM or AFSEC-certified MAJCOM equivalent courses. (T-3)
6.3.2.5. At operating locations where the unit stores, handles or transports explosives, the
expeditionary unit commanders will designate, by signed memo, an ADWSR to the
AEW/AEG safety office prior to departure of the current ADWSR or within two weeks
of arrival, if possible. Newly appointed ADWSRs must coordinate with the AEW/AEG
Safety Office for training so that training may be accomplished within seven days of
appointment notification. (T-3)
6.3.3. Operating Location and Deployed Safety Office Responsibilities.
76 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

6.3.3.1. U.S. homeland based OLs and detachments supporting AFFOR AOR missions
continue to employ safety program elements IAW their respective MAJCOM/FOA/DRU
directives. U.S. homeland based AFFOR assigned/gained unit safety offices shall
incorporate AFFOR/SE coordination into their programs as determined applicable by
AFFOR/SE. (T-2)
6.3.3.2. Utilize the semi-annual ESOH Council to review recent safety events, items on
the hazard abatement plan, hazard reports, SAV results, mishap experience and weapons
and flight-related issues of concern. If an ESOH Council is not conducted at a specific
location, establish a semi-annual safety council to perform these tasks. (T-2)
6.3.3.3. Subject to any GCC limitations, attempt to meet at least bi-monthly with host
nation air force or local airfield authority counterparts concerning safety issues.
Document meetings, or attempts, in writing and include agenda, attendees, discussion
summary, agreements, recommendations, action items and proposed date of next
meeting. (T-2)
6.3.3.4. Maintain a Mishap Response Plan (separately or as part of the Installation
Emergency Management Plan) reflecting working relationships with local and host
agencies. (T-2)
6.3.3.5. Track all identified hazards. RAC 1 – 3 items will be tracked in the Master
Hazard Abatement Plan, while RAC 4 and 5 items will be tracked in a local tracking
system. Forward all hazard abatement issues that require HHQ funding or involvement to
AFFOR/SE for dissemination outside the AOR. In addition to established MAJCOM
hazard abatement processes, U.S. based organizations supporting an AFFOR/AOR
forward hazard abatement issues affecting AOR mission accomplishment to AFFOR/SE
for additional coordination within the Combatant Command. (T-3)
6.3.3.6. Work with contracting officials to review procedures for procurement requests
prior to purchase via the Government Purchase Card and AF Form 9, Request for
Purchase, IAW AFPAM 91-210, Contract Safety, to assist purchase agents with
procurement of items and equipment that meet or exceed safety requirements, depending
on the location.
6.3.3.7. Continuity Books. Each safety office will maintain complete and thorough
continuity books covering all duties required by the safety staff. The continuity books
will contain at a minimum: End of Tour reports, Rotational Safety Councils, Confined
Space Program team meetings, Flight Safety meetings, Airfield Operations Board
meetings and USR meetings. (T-3)
6.3.3.8. End of Tour Reports. All individuals deployed into safety positions will submit
end of tour comments to the deployed COS. All deployed COSs will consolidate inputs
from each safety discipline and will submit a written report to AFFOR/SE before the
completion of their deployment and maintain a copy in their continuity book. This report
should focus on lessons learned, positive and negative. Activities, actions and duties
performed while deployed may be included but the primary focus of the report is to
improve the Deployed Safety Program. These reports will be posted in AF-JLLIS
Document Library (https://www.jllis.mil) and forwarded or made available to other
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 77

organizations (e.g. AFSEC, MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs, NAFs and wings), as appropriate.

(T-3)
6.3.3.9. Weapons Safety.
6.3.3.9.1. Explosives Site Planning. Site Planning will be accomplished IAW
AFMAN 91-201. AFFOR/SEW is the MAJCOM-level coordination authority for
deployed AOR base explosives site planning involving Air Force munitions assets.
AFFOR/SEW will coordinate/liaise on similar issues in other AORs in order to keep
COMAFFOR appraised of issues which may affect AFFOR combat capability. (T-1)
6.3.3.9.2. Deployed Weapons Safety Managers (WSM) are responsible for initiating
action for the explosives site planning of potential explosives sites at their base.
Deployed WSMs will direct any problems involving explosives site planning to
AFFOR/SEW. AFFOR/SEW will review all AOR explosives site plans and provide
guidance/technical assistance to theater operating location WSMs. Final approval
must go through appropriate agencies as identified in AFMAN 91-201. (T-2)
6.3.3.9.3. Units that handle less than 1,000 rounds of small arms ammunition, and are
not licensed, are not required to assign an ADWSR. Supervisors are responsible to
monitor activities of these units. (T-3)
6.3.3.9.4. Radiation Hazard Zones. Ensure Radiation Hazard Zones are established
with the focus on personnel, electro-explosive devices (EED) and petroleum, oils and
lubricants (POL). Ensure interoperability with other systems deployed to the same
location. Refer to AFI 48-9, Radio Frequency Radiation (RFR) Safety Program, AFI
48-139, Laser and Optical Radiation Protection Program, AFMAN 91-201, and AFI
91-208, Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) Certification
and Management, for additional information. (T-1)
6.3.3.10. Occupational Safety Managers (OSMs) are responsible for:
6.3.3.10.1. Providing safety briefings for the Personnel Support for Contingency
Operations (PERSCO) office’s RIGHT START program. The RIGHT START safety
briefing should address safety conditions/issues specific to that particular
base/environment. (T-2)
6.3.3.10.2. Inspecting all assigned units and facilities annually. A report will be
provided to the unit commander and all identified discrepancies will be tracked until
closed. (T-1)
6.3.3.10.3. Reviewing project designs and plans for projects and construction.
Coordinate with SEW on projects. (T-2)
6.3.3.11. Space Safety. For operationally deployed space assets, system-related safety
issues will be directed through Wing Safety (or equivalent), NAF/Center Safety,
MAJCOM Safety and HQ AFSEC/SES. Wing or equivalent-level safety offices
responsible for deployed assets are responsible for the following: (T-2)
6.3.3.11.1. Directed Energy Systems. Ensure all directed energy systems are directed
away from aircraft traffic patterns and personnel. Ensure coordination with local air
traffic control to avoid development of flight patterns that may impinge upon
Directed Energy clear zones. Directed energy systems aimed above the horizon must
78 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

interface with the Laser Clearinghouse (per DoDI O-3100.11, Illumination of Objects
in Space by Lasers). (T-2)
6.3.3.11.2. Frequency Management. Deploying units contact a Spectrum Manager at
the squadron, wing or installation, who, in turn, will contact the MAJCOM and
AFFOR frequency managers prior to their unit’s arrival at the operating location to
de-conflict potential interference issues. Upon arrival, deploying units contact the
local frequency manager to follow up on any changes which may have occurred while
en route. Ensure compliance with the published Joint Restricted Frequency List
(JRFL). (T-2)
6.4. Mishap Prevention Program. AFFOR deployed safety offices will establish and maintain
all required mishap prevention programs as addressed in this instruction and applicable AOR
procedures. AFFOR/SE will provide guidance and assistance as necessary. (T-2)
6.4.1. Mishap Investigation. In general, COMAFFOR is not the convening authority for
mishaps in the AOR. Convening authority falls to the home station MAJCOM/FOA/DRU
IAW AFI 91-204. The convening authority may contact the COMAFFOR and/or AFFOR/SE
to request local deployed safety office SIB support beyond ISB responsibilities, provided the
deployed commander and AFFOR/SE support the request. Mishap Investigations should be
accomplished IAW AFI 91-204 with the following caveats:
6.4.1.1. Aviation. The COMAFFOR is the convening authority for all Class E-BASH,
Controlled Movement Aerial Violations (CMAVs), HATRs and appropriate HAPs to
promote location-dependent trending and intervention. (T-1)
6.4.1.2. Ground. The COMAFFOR is the convening authority for mishaps related to War
Readiness Materiel assets or injury/death of an AOR PCS member.
6.4.1.3. Explosives. The COMAFFOR is the convening authority for all munitions
mishaps that don’t involve improper weapons activation (not actuated from
weapon/aircraft). For incidents involving accidental or improper weapons activation
(misfire, jamming, etc.), the home station MAJCOM/FOA/DRU of the person/aircraft is
convening authority.
6.4.2. Mishap Notification Procedures. AFFOR/SE will be notified immediately of any Class
A or Class B mishaps and included as an addressee on all safety reports, e-mails and
messages concerning mishaps, incidents or events that involve USAF assets in or supporting
contingency operations in the AOR. In the event of a Class A or Class B aviation, ground or
weapons mishap, AFFOR/SE will be the primary coordinator with MAJCOM/FOA/DRU
convening authorities and/or the Air Force Safety Center. (T-1)
6.5. Monthly, Quarterly and Annual Safety Awards. Deployed individuals and units are
eligible for MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and AF-level safety awards. Refer to AFI 36-2833, Safety
Awards, for additional information regarding AF-level safety awards.
6.6. AFFOR/SE Visits. AFFOR/SE will conduct semi-annual visits to AOR Operating
Locations and deployed units. Additionally, AFFOR safety will conduct interim visits as
requested by AEW/G commanders. Due to the cyclical nature of deployed personnel, these visits
are an important tool to reinforce safety presence with the subordinate units. SAVs will focus on
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 79

areas requested by the AEW/AEG safety office or as determined by AFFOR/SE, based on

previous PE reports and other correspondence.
80 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 7

AVIATION SAFETY

7.1. Program Management. Each unit conducting or supporting flight operations must have an
aviation safety program. The COS or senior installation safety representative will ensure an
active safety presence at the installation through the plans, programs and training responsibilities
outlined below. (T-0)
7.1.1. The host safety office is responsible for the base aviation safety program.
7.1.2. Tenant units coordinate their flight safety programs with the host to avoid duplication.
If the host does not have an FSO allocation, the largest tenant with an allocation manages the
base flight safety program. If neither the host nor the tenant has an FSO allocation, flight
safety responsibilities revert to the host COS.
7.2. Plans. The FSO/FSM/ FSNCO will help develop and review appropriate emergency
response plans and coordinate on any other installation plans involving flight safety or aircraft
emergencies. These plans should include but are not limited to: (T-3)
7.2.1. Installation Emergency Management Plan (IEMP). The COS is responsible for
ensuring that units develop an aviation specific portion of the IEMP. The COS ensures the
plan defines roles, responsibilities and notification requirements for leadership and all
involved agencies. The IEMP should include elements of or a reference to existing plans
concerning the disaster response required by AFI 10-2501, Air Force Emergency
Management (EM) Program Planning and Operations. (T-3)
7.2.2. Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Plan. The host safety office, or assigned
tenant unit with a flying mission, will establish the BASH plan, to include, defining the
nature and extent of wildlife hazards and implementation of the plan. (T-2)
7.2.2.1. Plan implementation may require environmental controls and changes to
bird/wildlife dispersal/removal techniques and operational procedures. Cooperative
agreements for managing fish and wildlife resources require coordination with state and
Federal conservation agencies prior to implementation. IAW AFI 32-7064, paragraph
14.1, the Integrated Natural Resource Management Plan must support the installation’s
BASH plan. The BASH plan must identify local procedures and permits for the proper
collection, handling and disposal of wildlife carcasses and biological material discovered
on the airfield and aircraft. (T-3)
7.2.2.2. BASH plans for OCONUS locations should include environmental
considerations included in the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA), and, when available,
input from local, regional or governmental environment and wildlife personnel.
7.3. Programs. The COS will ensure the following programs are established, maintained and
reviewed at least annually. (T-3)
7.3.1. BASH Program. Responsibilities for establishing and administering the Air Force
BASH Program:
7.3.1.1. HQ AFSEC/SEFW will:
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 81

7.3.1.1.1. Analyze wildlife strike data to provide baseline information to Air Force
agencies.
7.3.1.1.2. Approve the exchange and distribution of Air Force wildlife strike data to
US Government and foreign agencies.
7.3.1.1.3. Monitor MAJCOM BASH reduction programs.
7.3.1.1.4. Instruct FSOs/FSMs/FSNCOs in BASH reduction and provide basic
BASH training at AETC-sponsored training programs (i.e., FSNCO Safety Course,
Airfield Management Course, etc.).
7.3.1.1.5. Propose BASH reduction policies and guidelines to AF/SE.
7.3.1.1.6. Review proposed conservation projects and federal legislation affecting the
Air Force’s BASH reduction program and coordinate the Air Force response with
AF/SE and other agencies.
7.3.1.1.7. Identify and develop programs to aid in evaluating potential bird strike
hazards in low-level airspace.
7.3.1.1.7.1. Avian radars are approved for use on Air Force airfields and ranges
provided they are fielded IAW UFC 3-260-01, Airfield and Heliport Planning and
Design, and in coordination with the Installation Radiation Safety Officer,
Installation Spectrum Manager and Weapons Safety Manager. Coordinate set up
and use for inclusion in Airfield Operations Instruction and by Airfield personnel.
Note: At OCONUS locations, use of and siting of avian radars is governed by
Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction
Agreement (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements
(BIA).
7.3.1.1.7.2. Avian radars are systems specifically designed to detect hazardous
wildlife flying around an airfield environment or specified low-level airspace.
Applications of the avian radar may include, but are not limited to, airborne
wildlife movement monitoring; detection of attractive habitats for wildlife
exclusion, harassment and depredation; Bird Watch Condition (BWC)
determination; and flying window alteration.
7.3.1.1.8. At installation request, coordinated through the respective MAJCOM,
provide technical assistance to reduce wildlife hazards at bases with flying operations.
7.3.1.1.9. At installation request, coordinated through the respective MAJCOM,
provide technical assistance in evaluating installation BASH plans.
7.3.1.1.10. Coordinate Air Force BASH program with other federal and host nation
agencies, as applicable.
7.3.1.1.11. Identify Air Force BASH research requirements, developing and
managing research projects.
7.3.1.1.12. Establish and maintain liaison with international, federal, state and private
organizations regarding wildlife hazard reduction.
82 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

7.3.1.1.13. Administer Air Force’s wildlife hazard advisory systems and bird
feather/wildlife strike remains identification program.
7.3.1.1.14. Provide technical assistance to Safety Investigation Board president when
a wildlife hazard may be a factor in a mishap.
7.3.1.1.15. Chair the Air Force BASH Steering Group meetings, as needed.
7.3.1.2. Air Education Training Command (AETC) will:
7.3.1.2.1. Incorporate wildlife aircraft strike hazard reduction training into AETC-
sponsored formal training courses used to educate base pest management specialists,
safety technicians and airfield managers in wildlife aircraft strike hazard reduction.
7.3.1.2.2. Incorporate safety awareness of wildlife aircraft strike hazards into safety
briefings provided at joint undergraduate navigator training, joint specialized
undergraduate pilot training (JSUPT), and pilot instructor training (PIT) programs.
7.3.1.3. MAJCOMs will:
7.3.1.3.1. Annually review BASH plans from each installation conducting or
supporting flight operations. Ensure all tenant units are included in the base BASH
plan.
7.3.1.3.2. Conduct on-site reviews of installation BASH programs, to include
potential hazards and mitigation techniques, at least every 36 months. Coordinate as
needed with HQ AFSEC/SEFW. Tenant unit BASH programs will be reviewed by
owning MAJCOMS and may be scheduled during reoccurring inspections or staff
assistance visits.
7.3.1.3.3. Consider potential wildlife strike hazards when developing or revising
operational procedures, training routes, ranges, instrument approach and departure
procedures, establishing MOA or low altitude tactical navigation areas.
7.3.1.4. National Guard Bureau (NGB) will:
7.3.1.4.1. Ensure each ANG installation/unit conducting or supporting flight
operations has an annually reviewed written BASH plan. Ensure all tenant units,
where applicable, are included in the ANG base BASH plan.
7.3.1.4.2. Conduct on-site reviews of installation BASH programs, to include
potential hazards and mitigation techniques, at least every 72 months. Coordinate as
needed with HQ AFSEC/SEFW. Non-ANG tenant unit BASH programs will be
reviewed by owning MAJCOMs at least every 36 months and may be scheduled
during recurring inspections or staff assistance visits.
7.3.1.4.3. Consider potential wildlife strike hazards when developing or revising
operational procedures, training routes, ranges, instrument approach and departure
procedures, establishing MOA or low altitude tactical navigation areas.
7.3.1.5. Wing, Base and Installation Safety Offices are responsible for the following:
7.3.1.5.1. Base Level BASH Program. Host Air Force, AFRC and ANG
installations/units that support any type of Air Force flight operations at their airfield
will establish a BASH program unless delegated to a different organization through a
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 83

formal agreement (i.e., Contract, Host-Tenant Support Agreement, MOA). However,

if a formal agreement cannot be reached that is amenable to all parties involved,
primary responsibility for the BASH program will default to the organization
responsible for management of the flight safety program. The BASH program will
include all tenant flying units. The BASH program requires complete documentation
of local wildlife hazards, effects on missions and possible solutions to include hazards
surrounding ranges used by local flying units. Tenant units located on an airfield that
is not hosted by the Air Force, AFRC or ANG will establish a BASH program with
the host authority (civilian airport, Naval Air Station, Federal airfield, etc.). Units that
operate RPAs beyond line of sight, such as Contingency Operations, and have no
other local physical flying assets assigned to them are not required to maintain a
BASH plan for their geographically-separated operating location. (T-3)
7.3.1.5.2. Review the BASH plan annually for accuracy and compliance with current
directives, revising as necessary. Ensure all tenant units are included in the base
BASH plan. If applicable, document avian radar operational procedures in the unit’s
BASH Plan, Operational Instruction or local supplement prior to use. (T-3)
7.3.1.5.3. BASH programs at overseas locations depend on international agreement
provisions, Geographic Combatant Command (GCC) policy and host nation support.
MAJCOMs will evaluate those plans to ensure the spirit of this instruction is
complied with to the maximum extent possible.
7.3.1.5.4. Each installation with flying operations must develop procedures within
the BASH plan that lists responsibilities and methods for wildlife control. Due to the
complexities of hazard abatement and potential for loss of aircraft and crew, it is
strongly recommended that a dedicated wildlife hazard management specialist be
retained on staff. (T-3)
7.3.1.5.5. Establish a Bird Hazard Working Group (BHWG) consisting of
organizations involved in airfield wildlife control, natural resources management,
operations and safety. The BHWG must meet at least semi-annually with minutes
maintained. The Vice Wing Commander of AF Flight Assets or equivalent will chair
this meeting. The BHWG will coordinate base improvement projects, e.g., grounds
maintenance, wastewater treatment, golf courses, for BASH-related issues. (T-3)
7.3.1.5.6. Develop a Bird Hazard Warning System to inform aircrews of possible
flight hazards due to wildlife activity in local areas. Bird Watch Condition (BWC)
codes will be used to communicate local wildlife activity along with location, number
and type of wildlife. Installation BASH plans will specify aircrew notification
procedures for BWC changes. The most expeditious means of communicating the
status change should be used, e.g., ATC or SOF radio transmissions combined with
Automated Terminal Information Service (ATIS) updates or other broadcast medium.
Note: BWC codes are based on observations of local airfield wildlife activity and are
independent of Bird Avoidance Model (BAM) or Avian Hazard Advisory System
(AHAS) risk hazard levels. Note: BWC SEVERE or MODERATE requires action
from the installation’s wildlife dispersal team to reduce the BWC to LOW as soon as
possible. BWC codes are defined as: (T-3)
7.3.1.5.6.1. SEVERE. Wildlife activity on or immediately above the active
84 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

runway or other specific location representing high potential for strikes.

Supervision and aircrews must thoroughly evaluate mission need before
conducting operations in areas under condition SEVERE.
7.3.1.5.6.2. MODERATE. Wildlife activity near the active runway or other
specific location representing increased potential for strikes. BWC MODERATE
requires increased vigilance by all agencies and supervisors and caution by
aircrews.
7.3.1.5.6.3. LOW. Wildlife activity on and around the airfield representing low
potential for strikes.
7.3.1.5.7. Designate Phase I and Phase II periods of wildlife activity based on
historical wildlife activity information. Phase I represents normal, baseline wildlife
activity. Phase II represents times of significant increases in local wildlife activity,
normally associated with migratory movements, seasonal increases of local wildlife
populations, or local land use practices (farming, ranching, or hunting). Establish
flight and scheduling procedures to minimize risks based on local hazards associated
with Phase I and II. Publish Phase I and II designations in the appropriate DoD Flight
Information Publications. Critical updates may be made using Notice to Airman
System.
7.3.1.5.8. Regardless of Phase designation, the highest levels of daily wildlife
activity normally occur +/- one hour of sunrise/sunset as birds move to and from their
roosts. Flight operations should be avoided during these periods unless mission
essential. A risk analysis shall be completed to determine the potential risk to
operations during these periods. Missions scheduled during +/- one hour of sunrise
and sunset should be included in pre-mission risk management and analysis
worksheets. Appropriate measures should be taken to mitigate the risk if required.
7.3.1.5.9. Maintain a zero-tolerance towards large free-roaming animals on or
adjacent to the aircraft movement area. Note: Free-roaming animals are, but not
limited to, deer, canines, geese, etc. (T-3)
7.3.1.5.10. Grass Height. Mow aircraft movement area (AMA) to maintain a grass
height between 7 and 14 inches. The AMA is that area of the airfield encompassed by
the Primary Surface and the Clear Zones, as well as apron areas and taxiways,
regardless of their location. As a minimum, turf shall be maintained 500 feet outside
the AMA boundary where able. Installations located in arid climates where growing
grass is difficult may develop natural vegetation on the airfield to limit attractiveness
to wildlife. These situations require comprehensive vegetation/wildlife hazard
management and will be reviewed individually by HQ AFSEC/SEFW for approval.
Installation safety offices may request a grass height restriction waiver from HQ
AFSEC/SEFW after MAJCOM coordination. (T-1)
7.3.1.5.11. Technical Assistance. Technical assistance is available through the USAF
BASH Team, HQ AFSEC/SEFW, 9700 G Avenue, Suite 266, Kirtland AFB, NM
87117-5670. DSN: 246-5674/5848/5673 or Commercial: (505) 846-5674/5848/5673,
and electronically by accessing the Safety Center web page. Obtain additional
information on wildlife strike hazard reduction from AFPAM 91-212, Bird/Wildlife
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 85

Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Management Techniques, and on wildlife strike

reporting from AFI 91-204, Safety Investigations and Reports, and AFMAN 91-223,
Aviation Safety Investigations and Reports.
7.3.2. Hazardous Air Traffic Reporting (HATR) and High Accident Potential (HAP)
Programs. HATR and HAP information is vital to Air Force flight safety. Use of information
taken from these reports is for mishap prevention, not to initiate disciplinary actions. HATR
information is not privileged information and is releasable outside Air Force channels except
for the identity of the personnel involved. Responsibilities for establishing and administering
the HATR and HAP program include:
7.3.2.1. Unit commanders will ensure AF Form 651, Hazardous Air Traffic Report
(HATR), and AF Form 457, USAF Hazard Report, are available to aircrews at base
operations facilities, flying squadron operations offices, in trip kits and USAF ATC
facilities. Commanders must emphasize the importance of identifying hazardous
situations and direct the filing of appropriate HATRs or HAP events as a method of
preventing future mishaps. (T-3)
7.3.2.2. Unit safety offices will investigate HAPs and HATRs IAW AFI 91-204 and
AFMAN 91-223. The FSO or FSM will ensure HATR reporting procedures and
requirements are briefed at least annually to aircrew and ATC personnel. Refer to
AFMAN 91-223 for reporting requirements. (T-1)
7.3.3. Midair Collision Avoidance (MACA) Program. Units with flying programs must
establish a written MACA program. The unit safety office is responsible for its creation,
documentation and upkeep. The FSO/FSM works closely with the OG-determined OPR and
other interested parties such as the Airfield Operations Flight Commander (AOF/CC), the
airspace manager, local Fixed Base Operators (FBOs), Aircraft Owners and Pilots
Association (AOPA), and the local Flight Standards District Officer (FSDO), to establish a
comprehensive MACA program. Use the resources and services of the FAA FSDO accident
prevention specialists. Tailor the MACA program to meet local needs. As a minimum, the
FSO/FSM will coordinate with appropriate agencies to accomplish these key objectives: (T-
3)
7.3.3.1. Ensure the free flow of MACA information between host and tenant
organizations, effective communication between base and local airport managers and
fixed base operators (FBOs), and actively support the HATR Program. (T-3)
7.3.3.2. Evaluate the midair collision potential with civil airlines and work with
operators of nearby airfields to reduce risk and minimize the hazards. (T-3)
7.3.3.3. Develop a MACA pamphlet. The MACA pamphlet is a host-wing responsibility.
Tenant units will provide MDS-specific information as required and will coordinate on
the host-wing pamphlet. Overseas locations should consider publishing the pamphlet in
the host country’s language along with English. Provide educational
programs/publications to general aviation servicing facilities to increase the use of
available radar services among civil aircraft. Develop appropriate maps and graphics
showing the base radar services and routes. Distribute the maps to all civil airfield
managers, fixed base operators, military base operations, airports and other flying
operations that use the surrounding airspace. (T-3)
86 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

7.3.3.4. Units may combine MACA programs with other military organizations in a 50-
mile range of their base. This will require more coordination efforts but will result in a
better product to be used by the area’s civilian population.
7.3.3.5. Units and MAJCOMs are encouraged to participate in the DoD-endorsed and
FAA-hosted www.SEEandAVOID.org (MACA website).
7.3.4. Awards Program. Ensure proper recognition of personnel through the Air Force Safety
Awards Program as outlined in AFI 36-2833, Safety Awards. (T-3)
7.3.5. Operational/Training Squadron Flight Safety Program. The squadron commander will
maintain overall supervision of the flight safety program. The Squadron Assigned Flight
Safety Officer (SAFSO) represents an extension of the wing flight safety program at the
squadron level. In addition to managing the squadron flight safety program, these individuals
are still responsible for carrying out all normal wing safety duties as requested by Wing COS.
Units possessing aircraft with enlisted crew positions should also consider appointing an
enlisted crewmember as additional duty flight safety NCO to assist in the flight safety
program. (T-3)
7.3.5.1. The squadron commander will ensure that the following actions are
accomplished by the SAFSOs: (T-3)
7.3.5.1.1. Upon appointment, contact the wing safety office for required training. (T-
3)
7.3.5.1.2. Administer the unit safety program using this instruction as a guide and
management tool. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.3. Disseminate flight safety information to unit crewmembers. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.4. Forward all flying safety matters of significance, which cannot be
corrected at unit level through the unit commander to the COS. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.5. Assist in conducting wing safety inspections as requested and conduct unit
self-inspections. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.6. Ensure a current file of applicable safety directives, to include this
instruction, AFI 91-204, AFMAN 91-223, AFPAM 91-212 and AFI 36-2833 are
maintained by the unit. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.7. Maintain Volume V of the squadron Flight Crew Information File (FCIF)
IAW AFI 11-202, Volume 2, Aircrew Standardization/Evaluation Program, if
applicable. Use of Volume V is optional IAW AFI 11-202, Volume 2, paragraph
9.1.3. If Volume V is utilized, procedures will be implemented to ensure all aircrews
review Volume V. (T-3)
7.3.5.1.8. Maintain unit safety bulletin boards. (T-0)
7.3.6. Data-centric Proactive Safety Programs. Chiefs of Safety and unit-level staffs will use
MFOQA, ASAP and LOSA proactive safety as correlated data streams for hazard
identification and risk mitigation to prevent mishaps and accomplish the mission. Proactive
safety programs enable leaders, safety professionals, aircrews and support personnel to
achieve efficiencies in maintenance, operations, safety, tactics and training. These programs
affect positive change in the Air Force by engendering a culture where personnel are willing
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 87

to identify hazards and errors, not cover them up. See paragraphs 5.10 – 5.12 for a more
detailed description of MFOQA, ASAP and LOSA.
7.4. Aero Club Operations. The host unit commander appoints an FSO as a safety advisor to
the base Aero Club. If the host unit does not have an assigned FSO, the commander will obtain
the assistance of a tenant unit FSO to provide safety assistance to the Aero Club. The host safety
office may investigate Aero Club mishaps IAW AFI 91-204. However, the National
Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) or host nation civil aviation authority has primary
responsibility for investigating and reporting. Refer to AFI 34-117, Air Force Aero Club
Program, for further guidance on Aero Club support. The wing safety advisor should attend the
monthly aero club safety meetings.
7.5. Training Meetings and Briefings. The COS will ensure the following: (T-3)
7.5.1. Each flying unit will conduct quarterly aircrew flying safety meetings. This
requirement is fulfilled whether conducted as a unit or Wing. Topics covered should include
unit mishaps, MDS-specific trend analysis, local flying hazards (e.g. airspace, aerodrome),
seasonal concerns (weather), human factors to include annual fatigue management and
awareness training given by Aerospace Physiology or Aerospace Medicine, etc. (T-3)
7.5.2. Maintenance units receive timely briefings on maintenance-related mishaps and trends
relevant to the unit’s mission/MDS.
7.5.3. Airfield Operations personnel receive timely briefings on HATR and CMAV related
mishaps, events and trends.
7.5.4. Interim Safety Board Training. The FSO/FSM conducts annual training for unit
personnel identified to serve as interim safety board members in conjunction with or for the
safety office. This requirement is N/A for AFRC. ISB composition is identified in AFMAN
91-223.
7.5.5. Other Activities Related to Flight Safety. The FSO/FSM/FSNCO or their designated
representative, will attend Airfield Operations Board meetings, Foreign Object Damage
Prevention Committee meetings and Standardization/Evaluation and Training review
meetings.
7.6. Inspections/Assessments and Monitoring.
7.6.1. Flight Safety personnel will conduct assessments/inspections of all assigned (host)
flying units’ flight safety programs for compliance with USAF and wing safety requirements
IAW Table 3.1. (T-3) Assessments/inspections of tenant unit flying safety programs will
only be accomplished as stated in Base Support agreements. (T-3) The tenant’s higher
headquarters assesses the tenant’s internal program. (T-3) Refer to Chapter 3 for additional
guidance.
7.6.2. Deleted.
7.6.3. USAF Hazard Reporting (HR). The FSO or FSM investigates reported flight-related
hazards according to Chapter 4.
7.6.4. Flight Safety personnel (to include FSNCO and SAFSO) will inspect, assess and
monitor flight-related workplaces, operations and support IAW Chapter 3 criteria. Potential
spot inspection/monitoring areas include but are not limited to: (T-3)
88 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

7.6.4.1. Airfield. Host has responsibility for entire airfield. Tenant units need only
inspect/monitor unit-specific ramps and taxiways. Note: May be accomplished in
conjunction with activities prescribed in AFIs 13-204V2, Airfield Operations
Standardization and Evaluations, and 13-204V3, Airfield Operations Procedures and
Programs.
7.6.4.1.1. High-interest areas.
7.6.4.1.2. Deleted.
7.6.4.1.3. Ramps and runways (including taxiways, overruns, stressed pavement
areas and unstressed pavement areas immediately next to runways).
7.6.4.1.4. Engine-run areas (including engine exhaust standoff distances and
condition of pavement to prevent FOD).
7.6.4.1.5. Lighting systems (including runway lights, approach, taxiway, and ramp
lights, and vehicle control lights).
7.6.4.1.6. Barriers and arresting gear.
7.6.4.1.7. Airfield obstructions (including obstacles on approach paths).
7.6.4.1.8. Airfield markings (including runway markings, distance markings, taxi
lines, etc.).
7.6.4.1.9. Airfield signs (include distance remaining, instrument hold, visual flight
rules (VFR) hold, taxiway guidance, etc.).
7.6.4.1.10. Vehicle traffic control on or around the airfield and parking areas.
7.6.4.1.11. Airfield vegetation and drainage.
7.6.4.1.12. Wildlife hazards present on the airfield.
7.6.4.2. Operations and Maintenance.
7.6.4.2.1. Supervisor of flying program.
7.6.4.2.2. Runway supervision program.
7.6.4.2.3. Emergency-response equipment (including crash-rescue vehicles,
ambulances, communications and crash-recovery equipment).
7.6.4.2.4. Bird/Wildlife strike reporting.
7.6.4.2.5. Aircraft marshaling, fueling and towing procedures.
7.6.4.2.6. Foreign object damage-control program, control equipment and
procedures.
7.6.4.2.7. Aero Club operations.
7.6.4.2.8. Aircraft generations, engine start and launch exercises.
7.6.4.2.9. Post-flight maintenance debriefing procedures.
7.6.4.2.10. Unit and transient (host only) maintenance operations.
7.6.4.2.11. Product Quality Deficiency Reporting System.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 89

7.6.4.2.12. Flight safety information use in maintenance training flight.

7.6.4.2.13. Maintenance engine-run training procedures.
7.6.4.2.14. Deleted.
7.6.4.2.15. Snow removal plans and operations, if applicable.
7.6.4.2.16. Deicing training for aircrew and maintenance. Include flightline-deicing
procedures.
7.6.4.2.17. Low-level routes, weapons ranges and drop zones.
7.6.4.2.18. Functional check flight procedures.
7.6.4.2.19. Assigned and attached unit’s flight workplaces, briefings and meetings.
7.6.4.2.20. Life-support workplaces and training programs.
7.6.4.2.21. Egress training.
7.7. Airfield Maintenance, Construction and Waivers (Host). COS or designated SE
representative monitors routine airfield maintenance and major construction projects. (Note:
Ensure any conversations with the contractors concerning safety related matters are not
construed as contract changes). On major construction projects, the COS or designated SE
representative reviews the initial plan and follow-on plans for compliance with AFI 32-1023,
Designing and Constructing Military Construction Projects, UFC 3-260-01, Airfield and
Heliport Planning and Design, and attends the preconstruction conference or briefing to consider
if it will affect unit operations. Note: At OCONUS locations, plans shall be IAW SOFA, HNFA
and BIA. (T-3)
7.7.1. COS will participate in annual Airfield Manager’s review of airfield waivers per AFI
13-204V3. (T-3)
7.7.2. When able, COS should participate in risk analysis of items needing waivers and work
to eliminate those items. Consider these factors:
7.7.2.1. The inspection of areas before use.
7.7.2.2. The impact of maintenance and construction on daily flying schedule and
emergency situations.
7.7.2.3. The communications between the tower and contractor and the availability of the
contracting agent.
7.7.2.4. Controlling vehicular traffic on the airfield and designating haul routes for
contractor trucks.
7.7.2.5. Briefing pilots and transient aircrews with updated information.
7.7.2.6. Establishing the minimum allowable distance between equipment and the
runway.
7.7.2.7. Marking obstructions, controlling foreign objects and assigning hearing
protection.
7.7.2.8. Explosives safety criteria.
90 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

7.7.2.9. The potential impact of construction on wildlife hazards to airfield operations.

AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 91

Chapter 8

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

8.1. Program Management. This chapter contains the minimum requirements for safety
offices at all command levels. Occupational safety mishap prevention efforts include both on-
duty and off-duty activities.
8.1.1. Each installation occupational safety manager will implement and manage a base-
wide occupational safety program IAW applicable AFPD/AFI 90-8xx and 91-series
guidance, and other applicable regulatory guidance in conformance with the AFSMS. Newly
assigned ground safety managers will conduct a occupational safety program self-assessment
within 90 days of taking the position. (T-2)
8.1.2. Wing subordinate units and tenant organizations implement a program that supports
the installation program. (T-1)
8.1.3. Host safety offices may not impose host command-unique requirements on tenant
units unless specified in the support agreement. Tenant USAF units without full-time
qualified safety authorizations receive the same safety services as installation subordinate
units. (Note: HAF, MAJCOM, AFOTEC and NAF safety offices are not configured as a
traditional safety office IAW AFMS 106 AXX and are, therefore, treated as a tenant unit
without an assigned safety staff. They will follow the host program unless specified in a host
tenant support agreement.) Support Agreements will identify and delineate responsibilities.
IAW DoDI 4000.19, Support Agreements, and AFI 25-201, Intra-Service, Intra-Agency, and
Inter- Agency Support Agreements Procedures, non-USAF tenant units may be provided
safety services based on support agreements (host may require reimbursement for services
provided). (T-2)
8.1.4. One-deep safety positions will develop and maintain complete and thorough
continuity folders covering all duties required by their positions.
8.2. Oversight Requirements. Occupational safety personnel will conduct inspections of all
assigned units. (See Chapter 3) (T-2)
8.3. Host Occupational Safety Staff Responsibilities. Train managers, supervisors and
employees to identify, evaluate and control workplace hazards. Ensure mishaps are investigated
and reported IAW AFI 91-204 and AFMAN 91-224. (T-2)
8.3.1. Manage the US Air Force installation occupational safety program, including
operational, occupational, off-duty and traffic safety. (T-2)
8.3.1.1. Assist supervisors in developing and maintaining JSAs, and setting up programs
to ensure organizational compliance with OSHA, DoD and Air Force safety
requirements. Note: Overseas installations may need to consider application of host
nation standards as well. (T-2)
8.3.1.2. Work cooperatively with other installation functions to include tenant units
safety staff, Security Forces, Personnel, Civil Engineering, Contracting, Logistics
Readiness Squadron (LRS), FSS, BE, Environmental, Public Health, FES Flight and
AOP/AOPT personnel to provide an effective occupational safety program. (T-2)
92 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

8.3.1.3. Monitor on-base sports facilities and activities. (T-3)

8.3.2. Implement an effective traffic safety program IAW AFI 91-207, US Air Force Traffic
Safety Program. (T-2)
8.3.3. Review and recommend for approval, if appropriate, the use of new hazardous
materials IAW AFI 32-7086, Hazardous Materials Management. Coordinate on updates of
the installation’s hazardous materials Authorized User List when requested by the installation
CE’s environmental function under the Installation Hazardous Materials Management
Program (IHMP). (T-2)
8.3.4. Review Civil Engineering work requests, project design and specification for safety
criteria. (T-2)
8.3.5. Provide technical safety consultation services to all base activities and promote on-
duty and off-duty safety awareness. (T-3)
8.3.6. Budget for training, to include training of safety professionals, and safety promotional
campaigns (Refer to AFI 65-601V1, Budget Guidance and Procedures); budget, acquire and
distribute safety education materials. (T-2)
8.3.7. Work with contracting officials to ensure requests for equipment, products and
services using purchase orders and/or Government Purchase Card are reviewed for potential
safety and health impact IAW AFI 64-117, Air Force Government-Wide Purchase Card
(GPC) Program, AFI 32-7086, Hazardous Materials Management, and AFPAM 91-210,
Contract Safety. (T-2)
8.3.8. Assist tenant units without full-time safety personnel with ground mishap reporting
procedures and requirements. (T-2)
8.3.9. Coordinate Department of the Air Force civilian and Non-Appropriated Fund civilian
mishap investigation information through the appropriate channels, and provide a
representative to actively participate in the FECA Working Group, if one is held at the
installation level. (T-3)
8.3.10. Maintain records of reportable and recordable mishaps IAW AFI 91-204. (T-2)
8.3.11. Maintain a master list or file of approved safety, fire protection and occupational
health variances or exemptions to AFI 91-203 and any variances to AFOSH requirements
that apply to the installation. The current approved variances/exemptions are available at the
AFSEC/SEG SharePoint® website: https://cs.eis.af.mil/sites/10178. Evaluate and process
new AFI/AFOSH standard variances IAW paragraph 1.7.4. (T-2)
8.3.12. Responsible for developing and implementing the installation commander approved
written procedures that define how to handle OSHA representative(s) during official
installation visits or inquiries. These procedures will address any requirements called for in
paragraph 8.8 of this instruction and those contained within DoDI 6055.1, Enclosure 3. (T-1)
8.3.13. Assist in the development and review of emergency response plans and procedures
for handling events such as, but not limited to ground and aircraft emergencies, toxic spills,
ventilation malfunctions, cleanup operations and emergency egress. These areas of review
include: (T-1)
8.3.13.1. Disaster response required by AFI 10-2501.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 93

8.3.13.2. HAZMAT response required by AFI 10-2501.

8.3.13.3. Response to severe weather warnings.
8.3.13.4. Crash recovery plans.
8.3.13.5. Notifying and convening Interim Safety Boards (ISBs) for ground-related
mishaps.
8.3.14. Provide fully qualified occupational safety personnel in support of AEF deployment
taskings. Occupational safety managers will know the current deployment status of all
assigned military personnel and ensure the proper status information is provided for the
Airman Readiness Tool Report. (T-2)
8.3.14.1. To ensure personnel are familiar with occupational safety program
responsibilities, the OSM or their supervisor will conduct a review of all appropriate skill
level core tasks with individuals prior to their deployment. (T-3)
8.3.14.2. Individuals who do not meet required core tasks for appropriate skill level
requirements will be required to receive appropriate training from their supervisor and/or
OSM prior to deployment. (T-3)
8.3.15. Conduct newcomers’ safety orientation (Local Conditions Course II). Additionally,
ensure local hazards information is developed and available for personnel on extended
(greater than 30 days) TDY to the installation. (T-3)
8.3.16. Ensure qualified and proficient Occupational Safety (1S0/0018) personnel conduct
the Air Force Supervisor Safety Training (SST) that incorporates MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and
organization/installation unique requirements into the core curriculum. (T-1) Group or Wing-
level tenants with an assigned safety staff will conduct their own SST to ensure their
assigned personnel are trained in their MAJCOM/FOA/DRU program specifics unless
otherwise specified in support agreements. (T-1) Note: By exception and with
MAJCOM/SE office concurrence, other safety discipline personnel may be task qualified to
teach this course.
8.3.17. Assist COS in new commander safety orientations in units without full-time safety
staff. (T-3)
8.3.18. Administer the ground safety awards program IAW AFI 36-2833. (T-3)
8.3.19. Ensure newly assigned USRs complete the Unit Safety Representative Training
Course CBT located at the U.S. Air Force Safety University website:
https:/www.my.af.mil/gcss-af/USAF/ep/globalTab.do?channelPageId-
sF575FC8E259941D40125A29E9A7C00EF. (T-3) Once complete, the new USR provides a
copy of training completion to the Occupational Safety Office, who, in turn, schedules them
for localized training based on MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and installation requirements. (T-3)
8.4. Tenant Unit and GSU Responsibilities. The tenant’s higher headquarters will assess the
tenant’s internal program. (T-3)
8.4.1. Tenant and GSUs without full-time safety staff will appoint an occupational USR
IAW paragraph 2.2 and comply with the responsibilities outlined in paragraphs 2.2 and 8.5
(T-3)
94 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

8.4.2. Tenant units with full-time qualified safety personnel carry out all program elements
not performed by the host and conduct their assessments, inspections and mishap
investigations IAW a formal support agreement. The support agreement will specify those
responsibilities from paragraph 8.3 that the tenant and host have agreed to.
8.5. Unit Safety Representative (USR) Responsibilities. The commander is responsible for
the unit safety program as referenced in paragraph 1.8.21. The USR assists the unit commander
by being knowledgeable of safety requirements, by assisting unit personnel and by keeping the
commander informed on how effective safety and health requirements are carried out throughout
the unit. USRs, in addition to the responsibilities listed in paragraph 2.2, will: (T-3)
8.5.1. Advise the commander on safety related matters at least on a quarterly basis or more
frequently as necessary and document key elements briefed. (T-2)
8.5.2. Assist supervisors and unit personnel in the hazard abatement process. (T-3)
8.5.3. Assist installation safety, unit commander and supervisors with mishap investigations.
Ensure mishap notification procedures are established in the unit. (T-2)
8.5.4. Disseminate safety educational materials and verify unit safety briefings are being
conducted. (T-2)
8.5.5. Support the spot inspection program IAW paragraph 3.7.3. (T-3)
8.5.6. Support the installation safety program and attend USR meetings as determined by
their appropriate safety office. (T-2)
8.5.7. Post AFVA 91-209, Air Force Occupational Safety and Health Program, in a
conspicuous location readily accessible to all employees and applicants for employment. (T-
2)
8.5.8. Provide the wing safety office with a current listing of all facilities owned/used by
their unit for inspection purposes. (T-3)
8.6. Unit Motorcycle Safety Representative (MSR). Each unit commander with motorcycle
riders will appoint, in writing, at least one MSR to coordinate the motorcycle safety program
IAW AFI 91-207, The US Air Force Traffic Safety Program
8.7. Hazard Identification and Abatement. The host ground safety office will: (T-1)
8.7.1. Evaluate and process safety related hazard reports and maintain a master hazard report
log. (T-1)
8.7.2. Assign RACs to safety hazards (and deficiencies, if applicable) and coordinate with
health and fire protection officials when required. Comply with Attachments 6 through 9,
which provide additional instructions for assigning RACs, determining abatement priority
numbers and completing the AF Form 1118, Notice of Hazard, and AF Form 3, Hazard
Abatement Plan. Note: Electronic systems that collect identical data and can produce a hard
copy AF Form 3 may be used. (T-1)
8.7.3. Assist in establishing funding priorities by using the abatement priority number (APN)
system for hazard abatement projects during the budgetary cycle. (T-1)
8.7.4. Maintain the installation master hazard abatement plan (MHAP), including AF Form
3, covering safety, fire and health hazards. Note: A fire hazard is a condition that can cause
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 95

a fire to occur. A fire deficiency is a condition which reduces fire safety below acceptable
levels, including noncompliance with standards, but by itself cannot cause a fire to occur.
Fire Safety Deficiencies will not be included in the MHAP as they are managed IAW AFI
32-10141, Planning and Programming Fire Safety Deficiency Correction Projects. (T-1)
8.8. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections and Investigations of DoD Working
Conditions. IAW 29 CFR 1960.31 and 1960.35, OSHA and NIOSH officials, acting as
representatives of the Secretary of Labor, are authorized to conduct announced or unannounced
inspections of DoD workplaces, except uniquely military workplaces and operations, and
nonmilitary-unique workplaces staffed exclusively by military personnel. The DoD Components
are authorized to request through the DUSD (I&E) that NIOSH perform hazard evaluations.
OSHA inspection procedures for federal agency workplaces are provided in OSHA Directive
Number CPL 02-00-150 (Reference (u)).
8.8.1. The DoL may conduct, as part of its evaluation program, annual targeted inspections
or program assistance visits of Air Force installations based on the comparative incidence of
worker compensation claims. The DoL will prescribe special procedures in the notification
process. OSHA representatives may question or privately interview any employee,
supervisory employee or official in charge of an operation or workplace. Federal or state
OSHA representatives must present identifying credentials and state the purpose of the visit
to the installation commander or authorized representative before conducting an inspection of
a workplace on an Air Force installation. Installation commanders, through execution of local
approved written procedures IAW paragraphs 1.8.13.13 and 8.3.12, will: (T-1)
8.8.1.1. Ensure Security Forces notifies the installation safety office of OSHA’s arrival
at the gate. (T-2)
8.8.1.2. Ensure the OSHA representatives will be met and escorted during their visit. (T-
2)
8.8.1.3. Host an initial in-brief with DoL OSHA representatives. The installation safety
office will notify their CC/CV and IG of OSHA’s arrival. They will then notify as
applicable, BE, Public Health, FES Flight, Civilian Personnel Office, tenant unit safety
offices and others as needed of the in-brief meeting details. CC, IG, Contracting and
Civilian Personnel Office attendance is optional. The BE, Public Health, FES Flight and
tenant unit safety offices will be expected to attend based upon the OSHA inspector’s
stated purpose of their visit. (T-2)
8.8.1.4. Upon request, provide access to available safety, fire protection and health
information on workplaces. (T-2)
8.8.1.4.1. While OSHA officials may review “For Official Use Only” mishap reports
in the workplace during the course of their inspection, do not release “For Official
Use Only”-marked reports or materials to them. OSHA requests for copies of such
reports or materials must be obtained through the DoL IAW the provisions of AFI 91-
204. (T-2)
8.8.1.4.2. OSHA officials with appropriate need to know may review Airmen
exposure records and specific parts of Airmen medical records pertaining to the
OSHA complaint. The OSHA official must safeguard the individual’s medical
information according to HIPAA laws.
96 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

8.8.1.5. Provide photographic or video support, if required. Videos or photographs taken

on installations fall under the exclusive control of the installation commander. Air Force
officials may review negatives, photographs and videos before release if they suspect
possible disclosure of classified or proprietary information without the review.
8.8.1.6. Arrange a closing conference with the OSHA official if requested and invite
labor representatives to attend.
8.8.2. Treat DoL OSHA notices of hazards in the same manner as an Air Force inspector
report. Evaluate and assign a RAC to each hazard identified by OSHA inspectors. (T-1)
8.8.3. Ensure Airmen verify DoL inspection results, including all testing. Air Force tests or
sampling for future testing should be accomplished at the same time and at the same location
as the DoL testing, if possible. (T-1)
8.8.4. Ensure that DoL personnel conducting the inspection receive a coordinated response
to DoL inspection reports as required and prescribed by the OSHA Citation instructions. If an
OSHA inspection team visits the installation and it appears there may be possible notices of
safety or unhealthy workplace violations, the installation commander’s staff, to include IG,
JA, PA, Contracting Office and others as appropriate, should be notified and involved in
abatement plan establishment. Although a unit will be cited individually at a particular
location, the identified hazard may, in fact, be classified a “Repeat” citation, because a
similar finding was previously cited at another installation. This practice is because OSHA is
treating the Air Force as an “Enterprise” organization. Therefore, the finding is considered a
corporate matter rather than a singular installation matter. In such cases, notify AFSEC.
AFSEC needs to be involved in the tracking of the hazard(s) from identification through
proposed response to OSHA and subsequent closure. Upon receiving a citation, the cited unit
will draft a proposed official response to the violation, which will be sent simultaneously to
the applicable MAJCOM/DRU/FOA safety office and the AFSEC Occupational Safety
Office (SEG) for review prior to releasing the response to OSHA. Units will need to build
this additional coordination into the time frame allowed for the suspense to OSHA. Provide
copies of the inspection report, replies to DoL, and related correspondence through command
channels to the addressees listed in paragraphs 8.8.5.1 – 8.8.5.9. (T-1)
8.8.5. In addition to local notifications, such as installation JA, PA, CC or CV, and affected
organizations or tenant activities, installation safety offices shall notify the agencies in
paragraphs 8.8.5.1 – 8.8.5.9 within two duty days of any official DoL OSHA visit to an Air
Force installation, to include AF-led Joint Bases. (T-1) This requirement also applies when
an installation receives a formal request from OSHA to self-investigate a fire, safety or health
matter on OSHA’s behalf. Notification shall include unit(s) or specific area(s) being
inspected. (T-1) Upon completion of the OSHA visit, health and fire officials, as applicable,
shall coordinate responses to DoL OSHA visits and citations with the safety staff. (T-1) If
cited, the safety staff will transmit a supplemental report on investigations or inspection visits
within two workdays after receiving the DoL OSHA citation(s). (T-1) This reporting
requirement applies to Air Force workplaces or operations performed by a contractor in
which Air Force workplaces, equipment or procedural deficiencies are identified in the
citation. Use AFSAS OSHA Event Module to transmit this report. Note: The AFSAS OSHA
Event Module will e-mail the agencies listed below to include applicable
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 97

MAJCOM/FOA/DRU and Intermediate Command agencies. If unable to access AFSAS,

reports may be transmitted by e-mail to: afscseg@us.af.mil and the e-mail addresses below.
8.8.5.1. usaf.pentagon.saf-ie.mbx.workflow@mail.mil (SAF/IEE).
8.8.5.2. usaf.pentagon.af-a4-7.mbx.workflow@mail.mil (AF/A4).
8.8.5.3. usaf.pentagon.af-se.mbx.af-se-workflow@mail.mil (AF/SE).
8.8.5.4. afscseg@us.af.mil (HQ AFSEC/SEG).
8.8.5.5. usaf.pentagon.af-sg.mbx.af-sg1-workflow@mail.mil (AF/SEG Workflow).
8.8.5.6. usaf.pentagon.af-sg.mbx.afmsa-sg3pb-workflow@mail.mil
(AFMSA/SG3PB).
8.8.5.7. AFCESA/CEXFworkflow@us.af.mil (HQ AFCEC/CEXF).
8.8.5.8. hqafica.workflow@us.af.mil (HQ AFICA).
8.8.5.9. Applicable MAJCOM/FOA/DRU/SEG/SGP/SGPB/CE.
8.8.5.10. Applicable Intermediate Command/SEG/SGP/CE.
8.8.6. The AFSAS OSHA Event Module requires the following information (Note: Include
the same information if using e-mail format): (T-1)
8.8.6.1. Date(s) of investigation/inspection.
8.8.6.2. Agency and name of inspector.
8.8.6.3. MAJCOM/FOA/DRU, installation, unit and workplace visited.
8.8.6.4. Reason for visit.
8.8.6.5. Results of investigation or inspection. If cited, also send in the supplemental
message a copy of the violation reference or any notices of unsafe and unhealthful
working conditions, along with the RAC assigned and any corrective action response for
OSHA.
8.8.6.6. Problems encountered, if any.
8.8.6.7. If significant hazards or deficiencies are identified or problems occur during a
DoL OSHA inspection or investigation, call the MAJCOM/FOA/DRU. The
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU will notify AFSEC/SEG.
8.8.6.8. POC Name and DSN.
8.9. DoL Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Annual Visit
Summary. AFSEC/SEG will use the procedures and information attained through paragraph
8.8 to complete the annual report required by the DoL. (T-1)
8.10. DoL Inspection of Contractor Operations. Within the 50 states and US territories, Air
Force contractors operating from Air Force or privately-owned workplaces located on or off Air
Force installations are subject to enforcement authority by federal and state safety and health
officials. Authorized safety officials from states without OSHA-approved safety and health plans
may, subject to the exceptions in this instruction, exercise jurisdiction over contractor operations.
98 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

At overseas locations, local government agencies may conduct inspections of contractor

workplaces or operations as stipulated in status of forces or country-to-country agreements. (T-0)
8.10.1. Federal OSHA officials may perform OSH inspections of Air Force contractor
workplaces in areas where the US holds exclusive federal jurisdiction. Check with base legal
office/JA to determine which areas of the installation fall under federal jurisdiction. (T-0)
8.10.2. The DoL does not have authority over working conditions for which another federal
agency or certain state agencies exercise statutory authority to prescribe or enforce standards
or regulations affecting safety and health. Thus, OSHA authority does not extend to working
conditions specifically covered by:
8.10.2.1. Any nuclear safety or health standard or instruction implementing Title 42,
U.S.C., 2012, 2021, 2121(b), and 2201(b).
8.10.2.2. Any explosives safety standard or instruction implementing Title 10, U.S.C.,
172, Ammunition Storage Board.
8.10.3. Regardless of whether or not a state has an OSHA-approved plan, state safety and
industrial hygiene (IH) officials have no authority in Air Force contractor workplaces located
in areas where the US holds exclusive federal jurisdiction.
8.10.4. A notice for a DoL inspection or investigation of contractor operations on an Air
Force installation will be reported IAW paragraph 8.8.5 of this instruction.
8.11. U.S. Department of Labor (DoL) Inspections of DoD Working Conditions. Safety and
health standards are enforceable by federal or state officials as follows: (T-0)
8.11.1. Safety and Health Standards Enforcement. IAW Sections 1960.31 and 1960.35,
OSHA and NIOSH officials, acting as representatives of the Secretary of Labor, are
authorized to conduct announced or unannounced inspections of DoD workplaces except for
uniquely military workplaces and operations, and nonmilitary-unique workplaces staffed
exclusively by military personnel. the DoD Components are authorized to request through
the DUSD9I&E) that NIOSH perform hazard evaluations. OSHA inspection procedures for
federal agency workplaces are provided in OSHA Directive Number CPL 02-00-150.
8.11.2. State OSHA officials, operating under a federally-approved plan and subject to the
terms of any variance, tolerance or exemption granted by DoL, may enforce state OSHA
standards in workplaces. Check with the base legal office/JA to determine which areas of the
installation fall under exclusive federal jurisdiction. (T-0)
8.11.3. Admit federal and state OSHA without delay on Air Force installations during
regular working hours. (T-0)
8.11.4. When federal or state OSHA officials require entry to a classified or restricted area,
the official must meet security requirements.
8.11.5. DoD agencies are responsible for resolving issues related to citations or requests for
delays, variations, tolerances or exemptions of applicable safety and health standards.
8.12. Occupational Safety Corporate Committee. The OSCC is a forum conducted at the
direction of the USAF Chief of Safety, meeting at least annually to address issues of interest to
the USAF occupational safety community.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 99

8.12.1. Newly assigned members of the OSCC will review the Charter, posted on AFSEC
SharePoint site, prior to attending an OSCC. (T-1)
8.12.2. Questions concerning the conduct of the OSCC should be directed to AFSEC/SEGO.
100 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 9

WEAPONS SAFETY

9.1. Program Management. The Weapons Safety program comprises four disciplines:
explosives safety, missile safety, nuclear surety and directed energy weapon (DEW) safety.
9.1.1. Units at and above squadron level with an explosives, missile, nuclear or directed
energy weapons mission must have a weapons safety program. (T-2)
9.1.2. The host coordinates weapons safety for the entire installation. Tenant units
implement mission unique mishap prevention programs where the host does not have a
mission in that area. Tenant units must coordinate, through a MOA or Memorandum of
Understanding, any additional program functions with the host to avoid duplication and
clearly delineate responsibility. (T-3)
9.2. Weapons Safety Personnel Management and Manning Plan. Weapons Safety personnel
are normally from the 2WXXX or 2MXXX career fields. Civilian personnel with the appropriate
series (WG or GS, 0018, 0017-series) experience in the safety career program may be used in all
positions that do not have a military necessity. It is the responsibility of the COS to recruit, train
and staff the Weapons Safety function. (T-2)
9.2.1. MAJCOM Chief of Weapons Safety must have munitions, missile or nuclear weapons
experience.
9.2.2. Individuals will be scheduled for formal Weapons Safety Management Course
L3AZR2W071-0C2A within 90 days of assuming weapons safety position and complete the
course within six months of being assigned. MAJCOMs must ensure all weapons safety
personnel in their command are properly trained. MAJCOMs also ensure that bases or units
develop standardized local lesson plans if intermediate or MAJCOM standardized plans are
not provided. Additional nuclear surety training requirements are listed in AFI 91-101, Air
Force Nuclear Weapons Surety Program. (T-2)
9.2.3. Upon completion of training course L3AZR2W071-0C2A and six months in the
Weapons Safety position, the COS will ensure the individual is awarded special experience
identifier (SEI) 375 and a two-year assignment deferment is initiated if the individual is
satisfactorily accomplishing Weapons Safety tasks. (T-1)
9.2.4. Based on mission needs, Weapons Safety personnel are highly encouraged to attend
the following courses: MINA, Introduction to Mishap Investigation (IMI), AMMO-47
Lightning Protection for Air Force Facilities, and AMMO-65 DoD Contractor’s Explosives
Safety Standards. The MAJCOM weapons safety office will identify any additional training
requirements for WSMs tasked to manage a DEW safety program.
9.3. Explosives Safety Standards. Air Force explosives safety standards are in AFMAN 91-
201, Explosives Safety Standards. Criteria for specific explosives are specified in technical
publications and other standard publications, such as command and local directives.
9.4. Weapons Safety Personnel. Manage Weapons Safety program to ensure Air Force units
understand and comply with all explosives, missile, nuclear surety and directed energy safety
standards.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 101

9.4.1. Review waivers, exemptions and deviations from established explosives safety criteria
and ensure that compensatory measures are integrated into local written procedures
according to paragraph 9.4.5 below. (T-1)
9.4.2. Advise commanders of the increased damage potential these exceptions allow.
9.4.3. Assist units in performing a risk assessment for explosives operations according to
applicable directives. (T-2)
9.4.4. Ensure that units identify and document compensatory measures to minimize mishaps,
eliminate violations and reduce risk. (T-2)
9.4.5. Coordinate on all local written procedures affecting weapons safety and perform
annual review. (T-2)
9.4.6. Remain aware of planning and activities on the installation that affect weapons safety.
The WSM must conduct and maintain documentation of initial and annual reviews on
munitions-related operating instructions, explosives test plans, deployment plans, OPLANs,
OPORDs and local directives involving the storage, handling and inspection of nuclear
weapons, missiles, explosives or directed energy weapons. (T-2) Copies of reviewed
documentation must be maintained by safety office. (T-2) Archived/inactive test plans, safety
appendices or written procedures do not require annual review unless reactivated.
9.4.7. Advise each new wing and group level commander responsible for an explosive safety
program within 60 days of appointment on applicable waivers, exemptions, deviations and
compensatory measures as well as the associated risk for each. Commanders below group
level will be briefed by appointed ADWSRs, when appropriate. (T-2)
9.4.8. Participate in mishap prevention and RM determination in the following areas: (T-2)
9.4.8.1. Maintenance, storage, alert, research and developmental test, and operating
locations.
9.4.8.2. Flight line explosives operations.
9.4.8.3. Operational procedures for aircraft carrying hazardous materials.
9.4.8.4. Explosives Ordnance Disposal (EOD) proficiency/demolition ranges.
9.4.8.5. Nuclear surety elements. (See AFI 91-101).
9.4.8.6. Munitions maintenance handling equipment (MMHE) quality assurance
programs.
9.4.8.7. Weapon systems maintenance.
9.4.8.8. Weapon systems modifications, special exercises and test programs.
9.4.8.9. Planning for contingencies.
9.4.8.10. Concurrent Servicing Operations.
9.4.8.11. Licensed locations.
9.4.8.12. Installation support (Continental United States only) for Department of Energy
(DOE) shipments (SAFE HAVEN). (See AFMAN 91-201).
9.4.8.13. Weapons safety training for unit personnel.
102 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

9.4.8.14. Weapons test review process, if applicable.

9.4.8.15. Explosives movement route.
9.4.8.16. Hot Cargo Pads and Inspection Points/Secure Holding Location for Explosives-
Loaded Commercial Vehicles.
9.4.8.17. Management, storage and disposition of Materials Potentially Presenting an
Explosives Hazard (MPPEH).
9.4.8.18. Aerial port explosives operations.
9.4.8.19. Small arms ranges.
9.4.8.20. Field training exercise areas where explosives are used.
9.4.8.21. Missile Alert Facilities (MAF) and Launch Facilities (LF).
9.4.9. Annually review installation explosives location map and provide changes and
corrections to CE. Review must be documented and maintained by the safety office. CE
published maps should be coordinated with logistics, operations and safety. The reviews can
be documented on separate logs and should include but not be limited to the following
applicable areas: (T-2)
9.4.9.1. Explosives safety “clear zones” required around each location based on quantity-
distance criteria.
9.4.9.2. Primary and alternate explosives movement routes through the installation.
9.4.9.3. Authorized flight line locations for conducting explosives operations to include
concurrent servicing operations activities, explosives aircraft cargo on or off loading, and
combat aircraft explosives loading.
9.4.9.4. Locations for handling hung ordnance and gun-clearing operations.
9.4.9.5. Arm and de-arm areas.
9.4.9.6. Explosives support workplaces, such as flightline munitions holding areas.
9.4.9.7. Base explosives prohibited zones (see AFMAN 91-201 and UFC 3-260-01).
Note: At OCONUS locations, consideration must be given to SOFAs, HNFAs and BIAs.
9.4.9.8. Vehicle inspection points and suspect vehicle areas.
9.4.9.9. Parking spots for aircraft loaded with munitions or explosives identified in
AFMAN 91-201.
9.4.9.10. DEW operations, including potential electromagnetic radiation hazard zones,
and maintenance location hazard zones that could affect munitions operations. After 100
percent evaluation, plot only those zones that actually impact munitions operations to
include primary and alternate explosive routes. Identify hazardous DEW effects to
potential explosive sites, including ordnance and fuel. The review must be documented
and maintained by Weapons Safety. (T-2) The reviews can be documented on separate
logs.
9.4.9.11. Deleted.
9.4.9.12. EOD range(s).
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 103

9.4.9.13. Base weapons range(s)

9.4.9.14. Restrictive easement(s).
9.4.10. With the assistance of Occupational Safety, assign RACs to weapons safety hazards.
(T-2)
9.5. Weapons Safety Program Requirements. Units that maintain explosives must:
9.5.1. With the assistance of base civil engineering and safety, submit explosives site plans
according to AFMAN 91-201. The installation safety office is the OPR for all explosives site
plans. (T-2)
9.5.2. Request a license for facilities that store small quantities of explosives according to
AFMAN 91-201. (T-2)
9.5.3. Review and help develop plans and procedures for handling emergencies to include,
but not limited to, SAFE HAVEN, HAZMAT response, AFI 10-2501 or UFC 3-260-01, and
when required by law (e.g., Clean Air Act; Environmental Planning Community Right To
Know Act; secure explosives holding areas IAW the Defense Travel Regulation, Part II,
Chapter 25), or accidental release RM programs for explosives. Note: At OCONUS
locations, consideration must be given to SOFAs, HNFAs and BIAs. (T-2)
9.5.4. Ensure the WSM attend pre-construction meetings hosted by the Installation
Community Planner and Airfield Manager. (T-2) Note: WSM must be a coordination
member on any construction that affects explosives clear zones, weapons or airfield
operations. (T-2)
9.6. Missile Safety. Missile systems are ground-launched or air-launched and do not include
unpiloted drones or remotely piloted vehicles. The aerospace vehicle, ground support and
operational equipment, personnel, and the operational environment are all sources of mishaps.
Missile launch operations will comply with DoDD 3200.11, Major Range and Test Facility Base
(MRTFB), DoDI 3200.18, Management and Operation of the Major Range and Test Facility
Base, AFI 99- 103, Capabilities-Based Test and Evaluation, and AFI 13-212, Range Planning
and Operations, safety requirements as described in Chapters 1 and 2 of this instruction, and
will be conducted from a MRTFB range. (T-1)
9.7. Nuclear Surety. The goal of the Air Force Nuclear Weapons Surety Program is to
incorporate maximum nuclear surety, consistent with operational requirements, from weapon
system development through dismantlement. AFI 91-101 contains nuclear surety program
requirements.
9.8. Directed Energy Weapons (DEW). New weapons systems using the electromagnetic
spectrum to produce high-energy lasers, high-power microwaves, particle beams and
conventional-munition-driven electromagnetic pulse (EMP) systems are in various stages of
development. AFPD 91-4 and AFI 91-401 provide Air Force DEW safety policy, including the
requirements for safety certification.
9.9. Munitions Rapid Response Team. Hill AFB’s Munitions Rapid Response Team (MRRT)
is manned with personnel knowledgeable in conventional munitions areas. This team is available
to support MAJCOMs and units whenever they have a conventional weapons mishap or problem.
They can be activated to respond within 24 to 48 hours. See Attachment 3 for specific guidance.
104 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

9.10. Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB). The DDESB is a joint
board of the DoD. It is subject to the direction, authority and control of the Secretary of Defense,
under the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environmental Security).
9.10.1. The board consists of a chairperson and an officer (O-6/GS-15 or above) from each
of the military departments. In addition, each military department must designate an
alternate. Within the Air Force, AF/SE provides the primary and alternate members.
9.10.2. The DDESB establishes DoD explosives safety policy and is responsible for the DoD
Explosives Safety Management Program (ESMP). DDESB conducts Component-level
programmatic evaluations according to DoDI 6055.16, Explosives Safety Management
Program, which requires the Secretaries of the Military Departments to establish, resource,
implement and maintain effective DoD Component-level ESMPs. Each year DDESB
evaluates one of the Military Departments ESMPs. This is a top to bottom review (HAF,
MAJCOM, NAF and installation) of the services’ explosives safety program.
9.11. Weapons, Explosives and DEW Training.
9.11.1. The MAJCOM/DRU/FOA weapons safety office must provide MAJCOM/Center-
unique WSM training to their NAF- and installation-level weapons safety personnel.
9.11.2. The installation WSM provides weapons safety training to all appointed ADWSRs
on their responsibilities and program management. (T-2) ADWSRs are required to be trained
within 30 working days of appointment, with recurring training as determined by the
MAJCOM.
9.11.3. Installation weapons safety, ADWSR or designated representative conducts
explosives safety training, which augments the job training provided by the supervisor. The
installation weapons safety staff evaluates and monitors this training, approves lesson plans
and reviews them annually. All personnel (supervisory and non-supervisory) who operate,
handle, transport, maintain, load or dispose of missiles, explosives or nuclear weapons must
receive initial explosives safety training before performing any of these tasks. All personnel
tasked to work on aircraft configured with explosives/ordnance will receive training that
includes how to identify an armed aircraft and a familiarization of the hazards involved when
working on or around explosives loaded aircraft, ensure initial explosives safety training is
provided before performing any of these tasks. Recurring training must be provided not later
than the end of the 15th month following initial training. Exception: Personnel who store
and/or handle only the following are exempt from initial and refresher explosives safety
training. (T-2)
9.11.3.1. Small arms ammunition, including cartridge-actuated tools in quantity-distance
hazard class/division 1.4.
9.11.3.2. Document destroyers.
9.11.3.3. Small tear gas items, such as grenades.
9.11.3.4. Aircraft, vehicle and facility fire extinguisher cartridges.
9.11.3.5. Other hazard class/division 1.4 items in their packaged configuration only.
Personnel who will unpack and handle unpackaged items other than the exceptions listed
above still require training.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 105

9.11.4. Personnel conducting or directly supporting DEW operations, maintenance, testing

or training must receive training prior to use, within 30 days of assignment to unit, and every
15 months thereafter. (T-3)
9.11.5. Aircrew personnel trained per AFI 11-series (Flying Operations) guidance are
exempt from initial and refresher explosives safety training.
9.12. Weapons Safety Committees. These committees include the Explosives Safety
Committee, the Non-Nuclear Munitions Safety Board, the Nuclear Weapons Systems Safety
Group and the Directed Energy Weapons Safety Board. The committees are chaired by an
AFSEC/SEW representative and are composed of the chiefs of weapons safety or their
MAJCOM representatives. These committees discuss matters of mutual concern that cross
MAJCOM lines.
106 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 10

SPACE SAFETY

10.1. Program Management. Every unit conducting space-related missions must have a
comprehensive Space Safety program. Reference AFI 91-217, Space Safety and Mishap
Prevention Program, for specific Space Safety program requirements. Reference AFMAN 91-
222, Space Safety Investigation and Reports, for specific investigative reporting guidance.
Reference AFI 91-110, Nuclear Safety Review and Launch Approval for Space or Missile Use of
Radioactive Material and Nuclear Systems, for specific guidance on launches with nuclear
materials on-board. (T-1)
10.2. Program Overview. The Air Force operates responsibly with due regard for the safety of
the general public, AF personnel, space support personnel, and public and government resources.
The Space Safety program includes mishap prevention guidance across the life cycle of space
systems and their unique support equipment, to include Design, Systems Development,
Integration, Testing, Pre-Launch, Launch Operations, Range Operations, Orbital Operations and
Ground-Based Space Systems.
10.3. Design, Systems Development, Integration, Testing and Pre-Launch. Design decisions
have the potential to impact the operational safety of a system. Therefore, the acquisition
organization shall address the impact of design decisions on the launch, on-orbit, reentry and
disposal/end-of-life (EOL) requirements in this document during the development and
sustainment phases. Acquisition organizations shall comply with all safety standards that address
these downstream risks. (T-1)
10.3.1. Space safety personnel shall participate in program performance reviews/assessments
during the system development and sustainment phases.
10.3.2. Include local System Safety Managers at all milestone decision points to effectively
manage the risks in each program.
10.3.3. Safety programs shall emphasize test program validation (to include procedures
discipline, readiness reviews and test execution risk management) and configuration control
in order to minimize mishaps.
10.4. Launch Operations and Range Operations Safety. The launch and range safety
program outlines safety responsibilities and tasks for pre-launch processing at the launch site,
launch operations and the reentry of launch vehicle components or reentry vehicles. It includes
safety responsibilities and requirements for launch vehicles/components, reentry
vehicle/components, controlled reentry and reusable launch vehicles/components, including their
jettisoned components. Note: Weapon safety programs cover intercontinental ballistic missile
test launches.
10.5. Orbital Operations Safety. The high cost of orbital assets, their unique operational
design and the irrecoverable nature of orbital hardware makes mishap prevention a critical
component of orbital systems, from the initial design phase through EOL activities. The orbital
safety program covers all activities associated with the development, testing and operation of
space vehicles in orbit or deep space, to include satellite command and control systems,
spacecraft design, orbital operations, reentry, recovery and disposal elements.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 107

10.6. Ground-Based Space Systems Safety. Ground-based space systems include unique
space support equipment as well as space systems that don’t directly support launch operations
or on-orbit satellite operations, such as space control or warning systems.
10.7. Space Nuclear Safety. This program ensures that radioactive material and nuclear power
systems used in space at or above threshold amounts have the proper design, development,
assembly, maintenance, storage, handling, launch and operational use (including final
disposition) with the maximum safety consistent with operational requirements. Safety reviews
and launch approval for launches containing nuclear material shall be conducted IAW AFI 91-
110. Programs using nuclear power systems or large amounts of nuclear material also fall under
the Interagency Nuclear Safety Review Panel (INSRP), of which HQ AFSEC/SES is the DoD
representative.
10.8. Space Safety Council (SSC). The SSC assists the AF/SE in fulfilling oversight
responsibilities on matters concerning safe operations in the space (and related mission areas)
environment through effective governance and management. The SSC also serves to improve
Space Safety effectiveness and advocate for the consistent application of DoD, civil,
commercial, academic and international standards or practice across the space enterprise. HQ
AFSEC/SES chairs the SSC and has a composition of MAJCOMs/DRUs/organizations with
space missions that affect Air Force operations. The SSC will convene at least twice per year.
Reference AFI 91-217 for specific guidance.
10.9. Space Safety Training. Assigned Space Safety personnel shall receive training in all
applicable aspects of Space Safety according to the unit’s specific operations (e.g., risk analysis
and management, System Safety, space environment hazards, testing, and conjunction
assessment). Space Safety personnel shall receive training in mission specific safety tasks, as
applicable: test safety, human factors, risk management, design, range systems and operations,
launch systems and operations (including conjunction on-launch assessment and upper stage
disposal), orbital systems and operations (including debris minimization, conjunction
assessment, collision avoidance and end-of-life actions), and ground-based space systems and
operations (including space control and warning systems/operations). Space Safety personnel
may also need to be trained on occupational safety concerns (e.g., fall protection, safety
inspections, respiratory protection) to support mission operations. (T-3)
108 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Chapter 11

SYSTEM SAFETY

11.1. Overview. This Chapter establishes the roles, responsibilities and policy requirements for
Safety personnel in support of System Safety. System Safety is the application of engineering
and management principles, criteria and techniques to achieve acceptable risk within the
constraints of operational effectiveness and suitability, time and cost throughout all phases of the
system life cycle. This chapter also defines how Safety personnel and organizations interact,
influence and advise the other Air Force communities that are corporately responsible for System
Safety in the Air Force. System acquisition and sustainment programs are subject to the
mandatory policy and guidance described in paragraph 11.1.3. System safety principles are used
to manage safety risks across many functional disciplines within the AF and form the basis for
risk management.
11.1.1. System Safety must be a planned, integrated, comprehensive effort employing both
engineering and management resources. Effective System Safety efforts depend on clearly
defined safety objectives and system performance requirements. System Safety objectives
shall include, but not be limited to, prevention or mitigation of all reportable mishaps that
may be associated with a system’s use and function throughout its life cycle. Losses of
systems, mission degradation, cost and schedule impacts shall be considered. The intent is
not to duplicate work performed by related or other functional disciplines, but to ensure it is
done in a systematic manner that addresses and manages mishap risk.
11.1.2. System Safety efforts consist of eight essential elements that Program Managers will
document and periodically review:
11.1.2.1. Documenting the system safety approach. (T-1)
11.1.2.2. Hazard identification and analysis over the system life cycle. (T-1)
11.1.2.3. Assessment of risk, expressed as severity and probability of consequences.
11.1.2.4. Identification and assessment of potential risk mitigation measures. (T-1)
11.1.2.5. Implementation of measures to reduce risks to acceptable levels. (T-1)
11.1.2.6. Verification of risk reduction. (T-1)
11.1.2.7. Acceptance of risks by appropriate authorities. (T-1)
11.1.2.8. Tracking of hazards and residual risks throughout the system life cycle. (T-1)
11.1.3. Within the System Safety Program, acquisition and sustainment programs must
document and periodically review:
11.1.3.1. System Hazard Tracking Logs. These logs shall communicate sufficient
information to identify and track the status of each hazard. To ensure appropriate
management attention, the status of hazards is required to be presented at program and
technical reviews. The System Safety effort supports program and technical reviews with
current information of all hazards. The hazard tracking logs must contain the minimum
fields required by MIL-STD-882E:
11.1.3.1.1. A hazard description. (T-1)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 109

11.1.3.1.2. Unique identification information. (T-1)

11.1.3.1.3. Risk assessment information, including the initial assessment, the target
risk level, interim assessments, as required, and the final (residual) risk assessment.
(T-1)
11.1.3.1.4. Information concerning the mitigation action(s). (T-1)
11.1.3.1.5. Current status of the risk reduction effort. (T-1)
11.1.3.1.6. A record of user concurrence and risk acceptance by appropriate
authorities. (T-1)
11.1.3.1.7. A link with the PESHE. (T-1)
11.1.3.2. Risk Mitigation. Programs shall use the system safety design order of
precedence defined in MIL-STD-882E.
11.1.3.2.1. Eliminate hazards through design selection.
11.1.3.2.2. Reduce risk through design alteration.
11.1.3.2.3. Incorporate engineered features or devices.
11.1.3.2.4. Provide warning devices.
11.1.3.2.5. Incorporate signage, procedures, training and PPE.
11.1.3.3. Risk Acceptance. Every hazard that cannot be eliminated must be mitigated to
the maximum extent possible and formally accepted by the appropriate level of
leadership as specified in DoDI 5000.02, Operation of the Defense Acquisition System,
and AFI 63-101/20-101, Integrated Life Cycle Management. (T-1)
11.1.4. Acquisition and sustainment communities implement system safety as an integral
part of a System Program Office's systems engineering activity as outlined in AFI 63-101/20-
101.
11.1.5. Program Managers are solely responsible for organizing their offices, based on
system acquisition program size and complexity, to execute the system safety requirements
elaborated in the DoD and Air Force policy in DoDI 5000.02, AFI 63-101/20-101, and MIL-
STD-882E, DoD Standard Practice for System Safety. Acquisition and Sustainment Program
Managers must integrate system safety into their program’s overall Systems Engineering
effort at the same level where day-to-day engineering decisions are being made. This allows
System Safety to most effectively influence system design.
11.1.6. For System-Level High-Risks requiring Component Acquisition Executive (CAE)
acceptance or System-Level Serious-Risks requiring Program Executive Officer (PEO)
acceptance, program managers prepare a written safety risk assessment IAW Attachment 15
that describes the hazards, predicted risks (stating both consequences and probabilities),
available mitigation measures, costs or other limitations, proposed action(s), alternatives,
resulting net risk and the total of expected adverse consequences for the period of
acceptance. For System-Level High-Risks, coordination with the lead command(s), PEO and
AF/SE is required before submission for acceptance. System-Level Serious-Risk acceptance
packages must be coordinated with the lead commands and HQ AFSEC before assessments
are submitted for acceptance. Program managers are required to re-accomplish risk
110 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

assessments for CAE- or PEO-accepted risks when four years have elapsed since the last risk
acceptance, earlier when directed by the CAE/PEO and when significant new information
(e.g., additional failures/injuries, changes in equipment usage, advances in mitigation
technologies and methods, reduction in mitigation costs, etc.) impacts the risk assessment.
Re-accomplished risk assessments are then coordinated and submitted for acceptance by the
appropriate authority for the new predicted risk levels.
11.1.6.1. Program risk acceptance packages and tracking are only necessary for those
risks that are inside the design/specification/requirement envelope. Those outside the
envelope are handled by using the user’s/operator’s RM process.
11.1.6.2. Program safety offices shall clearly document risk acceptance authority during
life cycle system decisions.
11.1.6.3. Risk acceptance packages utilize the risk matrix defined in MIL-STD-882E and
tailoring of the severity categories, probability levels and/or assessment levels of this
matrix for the specific programs is not permitted Except IAW DoDI 5000.02. Only the
Milestone Decision Authority (MDA) may approve tailoring of severity categories and
probability levels of the MIL-STD-882E Matrix. However, Program Offices can tailor
the probability levels without MDA approval if it is limited to providing quantitative
definitions for probability levels that are appropriate for the system being evaluated and
that comply with the word definitions of probability levels.
11.2. Responsibilities.
11.2.1. The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition (SAF/AQ):
11.2.1.1. Is the risk acceptance authority for System-Level High-Risk acceptance
program packages.
11.2.1.2. Establishes engineering and technical policy and procedures for Air Force
Acquisition and Sustainment, including policy and procedures for all programs to execute
System Safety as an integrated part of Systems Engineering.
11.2.1.3. Performs periodic reviews of Acquisition and Sustainment programs. These
include required reviews of the results of each program’s ESOH RM efforts. This ensures
that System Safety is overseen within the context of other cost, schedule and performance
issues.
11.2.1.4. Represents the Air Force in Acquisition and Sustainment Program System
Safety matters with other DoD components and both Governmental and non-
Governmental agencies.
11.2.1.5. Ensures program offices support system-related Class A and Class B mishap
investigations to the extent necessary to analyze hazards that contributed to the accident,
and provide recommendations for materiel risk mitigation measures, especially those that
minimize potential human errors.
11.2.2. The Air Force Chief of Safety (AF/SE):
11.2.2.1. Develops System Safety policy and guidance.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 111

11.2.2.2. Evaluates safety risk assessment portions of System-Level High-Risk and

Serious-Risk acceptance packages. Reviews and coordinates on the High-Risk acceptance
packages before submission to SAF/AQ.
11.2.2.3. Provides independent assessments and advice on overall Acquisition and
Sustainment Program safety (residual hazards and associated risks) to Headquarters Air
Force senior leadership, as appropriate.
11.2.2.4. Participates in HAF-level reviews for Acquisition and Sustainment Programs.
These reviews are one of the key opportunities to influence System Safety in Acquisition
and Sustainment Programs.
11.2.2.5. Represents the Air Force in system safety policy and guidance matters with
other DoD components, other government agencies, and other non-government agencies.
11.2.2.6. Deleted.
11.2.2.7. Requires all system-related Class A and B safety mishap investigation reports
include the program office analyses of hazards that contributed to the mishap and
program office recommendations for materiel risk mitigation measures, especially those
that minimize potential human errors.
11.2.2.8. Develops and implements System Safety training programs and handbooks.
11.2.2.9. Provides advisors and consultants to System Safety Groups.
11.2.2.10. Reviews Air Force technical and management documents (capabilities
management documents, program management directives, SSG charters) for inclusion of
appropriate safety requirements.
11.2.2.11. Reviews and comments on mishap reports for technical content and lessons
learned.
11.2.2.12. Provides members, advisors and consultants to the Non-nuclear Munitions
Safety Boards (NNMSB), Laser System Safety Review Board (LSSRB) and safety study
groups for terrestrial nuclear reactors. Provides a senior advisor to the chair of the US Air
Force Nuclear Weapons System Safety Group (NWSSG). Refer to AFI 91-205,
Nonnuclear Munitions Safety Board, and AFI 91-102, Nuclear Weapon System Safety
Studies, Operational Safety Reviews, and Safety Rules.
11.2.2.13. Evaluates the System Safety of Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) needed for
Air Force operations via the DEW Safety Board (DEWSB). This safety consideration is a
System Safety effort which considers the DEW hazard posed to Airmen and all pertinent
Air Force equipment. Safety of a DEW device shall be considered before purchase or
during design, using AFI 91-401 safety design criteria.
11.2.2.14. For system-related mishaps, determine whether the Program Manager
previously identified the hazards that played a role in the mishap sequence and had
included those hazards in its Systems Engineering ESOH RM efforts.
11.2.3. Major Commands (MAJCOMs):
112 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

11.2.3.1. Major Acquisition Commands (AFMC and AFSPC). These Commands

establish and maintain the Air Force's capability to support system safety efforts on major
weapon system acquisitions.
11.2.3.1.1. Ensure program offices and the lead and using commands coordinate
when modifications or changes in system use affect safety.
11.2.3.1.2. Evaluate mishaps and mishap trends to identify deficiencies that
engineers and managers may have overlooked or incorrectly analyzed during system
development.
11.2.3.1.3. Keep HQ AFSEC informed of the programmatic changes of the on-going
and future acquisition and sustainment programs. Specifically, notifies AFSEC when
System Safety managers change programs and when programs change from
acquisition to sustainment and which organization is responsible for system safety.
11.2.3.1.4. Ensure level of support, training and experience of System Safety staff is
appropriate for each Program.
11.2.3.1.5. Ensure all Center system safety managers annually report RM policies
conforming to paragraph 11.1.3, along with a current list of all CAE- or PEO-
accepted residual risks for their programs. Provide a consolidated annual report for all
programs to AF/SE and SAF/AQ.
11.2.3.1.6. Appoint a trained System Safety manager to act as the point of contact to
facilitate system safety matters.
11.2.3.1.7. Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC):
11.2.3.1.7.1. Coordinates system safety across the Centers associated with non-
Space Program acquisitions.
11.2.3.1.7.2. Ensure Centers document safety criteria and hazards identified
during their efforts. Provides support as required to ensure the responsible
organizations include a Safety hazard analysis with any development or
modification to be evaluated, assessed or tested within AFMC and the using
command.
11.2.3.1.7.3. Facilitates information exchange between program managers, chief
engineers, HQ AFSEC and the user to help maintain operational safety of AFMC
managed weapon systems and end items.
11.2.3.1.7.4. Ensures HQ AFMC/SES forwards to HQ AFSEC/SEFE not later
than 1 November in every even-numbered year, an update to the USAF Aviation
Safety Equipment Database in the format described in Attachment 2, reflecting
fleet status on the last day of the preceding fiscal year.
11.2.3.1.7.5. AFLCMC/SES chairs System Safety Engineering Analysis (SSEA)
efforts as required by each system.
11.2.3.1.8. Air Force Space Command (AFSPC). Ensures launch and on-orbit
hazards are identified. Advises inputs to the acquisition framework to ensure system
safety is considered throughout the space system life cycle.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 113

11.2.3.2. Operational MAJCOMs.

11.2.3.2.1. Each MAJCOM with acquisition responsibilities must appoint a trained
System Safety manager to act as the point of contact to facilitate System Safety
matters. MAJCOM Safety Offices and System Safety personnel:
11.2.3.2.1.1. Specify any requirements for safety features that could reduce risk,
hazards or their effects. Safety personnel must identify particular safety
constraints as early as possible to the Program Office, preferably as a part of a
formal requirements document, endorsed by the Lead Command’s proponent
office for the system. These System Safety constraints could affect the command
mission, base locations, unique operational use, support concepts or
meteorological operating environments dealing with the weapons system.
11.2.3.2.1.2. Participate as SSG members and System Safety Working Group
(SSWG) members, as appropriate. Ensure the Programmatic Environment, Safety
and Occupational Health Evaluation (PESHE) includes adequate operational
safety criteria. Ensure material mishap recommendations are included in the Lead
MAJCOM cycle and efforts/results are addressed by program offices.
11.2.3.2.1.3. Designate a trained focal point in the MAJCOM Safety Office
responsible for System Safety advocacy for the Command. Provide
AFSEC/SEF/SEG, AFMC/SES and AFSPC/SEK (space programs only) with the
name of the focal point. Note: Trained focal point is someone who has completed
a formal System Safety course.
11.2.3.2.1.4. Work closely with program managers to facilitate the Lead
Command’s coordination role in the System Safety risk acceptance process.
Jointly determine the overall level of risk and document the acceptance of this
risk level with the appropriate authorities.
11.2.3.2.1.5. Use the principles of system safety to discover previously
unidentified hazards and/or changes in the level of risks in fielded systems.
Provide relevant information to the program manager for risk mitigation efforts.
11.2.3.2.1.6. Ensure assigned System Safety personnel are properly trained.
11.2.3.2.2. Lead Commands will consolidate Using Command’s requirements and
represent these needs to program offices.
11.2.4. Program Executive Officers (PEOs) ensure that programs within their portfolios are
integrating ESOH concerns into the overall systems engineering process using the system
safety methodology in MIL-STD-882E, as required by DoDI 5000.02 and AFI 63-101/20-
101. They perform periodic program and technical reviews of programs within their
portfolios. These required reviews include the results of each program’s System Safety and
safety RM efforts. This ensures that System Safety is overseen alongside other cost,
schedule, and performance issues. Finally, PEOs serve as acceptance authorities for program
safety risks classified “Serious.”
11.2.5. Acquisition and Sustainment Program Managers:
114 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

11.2.5.1. Program managers ensure that ESOH concerns are integrated into the overall
systems engineering process using the system safety methodology in MIL-STD-882E as
required by DoDI 5000.02 and AFI 63-101/20-101. (T-1)
11.2.5.2. Program offices must clearly define, document and adapt safety risk assessment
matrices and tables using MIL-STD-882E guidance and hazard analyses, that detail:
probability and severity levels, and specifies the approval authorities that will be used to
manage risk to major systems/functions within their specific program(s). For example,
MIL-HDBK-516B, DoD Handbook Airworthiness Certification Criteria, defines major
functions for air vehicles; program managers for other enterprise items may develop
similar breakouts to define major systems/functions for their specific items, i.e., 90- and
91-series publications and others may aid the practitioner in establishing meaningful
discipline-specific risk criteria, e.g., nuclear weapons, space, AFOSH standards. Risk
acceptance will be IAW DoDI 5000.02 and any tailoring of MIL-STD-882E shall be
accomplished IAW DoDI 5000.02 and AFI 63-101.
11.2.5.3. Program offices must document and report status of all System-Level High-
Risks and System-Level Serious-Risks as part of their RM. This information is also
required to be documented in the PESHE. Current High- and Serious-Risks must be
presented at each Program and Technical Review. The PESHE should include the
program’s hazard tracking logs to maintain currency of lifecycle ESOH hazards.
11.2.5.4. For High- and Serious-Risks, program managers must prepare a written risk
decision package describing the hazards, predicted risks (stating both consequences and
probabilities), available mitigation measures, costs or other limitations, proposed
action(s), alternatives, resulting net mishap risk and the total expected consequences for
the period of acceptance. Attachment 15 guidance is mandatory for High- and Serious-
Risk acceptance packages and recommended for all other risk assessments.
11.2.5.4.1. High-Risk acceptance packages must be coordinated with the lead
commands and AF/SE before assessments are submitted for acceptance. Serious-Risk
acceptance packages must be coordinated with the lead commands and HQ AFSEC
before assessments are submitted for acceptance. Programs that interface with or
carry weapons should also notify and coordinate applicable High-Risk and Serious-
Risk packages with the NNMSB and the NWSSG, as applicable.
11.2.5.4.2. Program managers must reassess CAE- or PEO-accepted risks in response
to any change that alters the risk level, milestone reviews, key decisions following
approval, or four years have elapsed since the last risk assessment. Reassessments
should consider actual incident and loss experiences for the period and advances in
mitigation technologies and methods. Revalidated risk assessments must be
coordinated and submitted for acceptance by the appropriate authority for the new
predicted risk levels. (T-1)
11.2.5.4.3. Risk acceptance packages will use the risk matrix defined in MIL-STD-
882E. Contracts using previous versions of MIL-STD-882E may continue using those
versions for contract purposes; however, new risk acceptance packages must be
converted to the MIL-STD-882E matrix and definitions. Any tailoring of MIL-STD-
882E shall be accomplished IAW DoDI 5000.02 and AFI 63-101/20-101. (T-1)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 115

11.2.5.4.4. Program managers should assess safety risks associated with

modifications using the methodology outlined in Attachment 15.
11.2.5.5. IAW AFI 63-101, all system-related Class A and B mishap investigation
reports must include the Program Manager analysis of hazards that contributed to the
accident and recommendations for materiel risk mitigation measures, especially those
that minimize the potential for human errors. (T-1)
11.2.5.6. The PM shall provide safety releases containing all identified hazards,
implemented mitigation measures and accepted risks to developmental and operational
testers as part of testing and fielding new or modified systems or end items prior to any
test involving personnel. As a minimum, the safety release will contain the information in
Attachment 16, Safety Release, of this AFI. (T-1)
11.2.6. System Safety Managers (SSMs) and Engineers monitor operational experience,
mission changes, environmental effects or system modifications to identify and correct
hazards throughout the life cycle of a system or facility. When a program (e.g., an aircraft or
a space vehicle) has an embedded sub-program (e.g., an aircraft engine or hosted payload),
which could create inter-related safety risk at the higher system level, both program
managers will ensure their Systems Engineering Plans include processes to identify inter-
related safety risks and to integrate RM and mitigation efforts for safety risks. (T-1)
11.2.6.1. When assigned to Program Offices, SSMs and System Safety Engineers
(SSEs):
11.2.6.1.1. Will have direct lines of communication to PMs to advise them on system
safety matters. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.2. Will complete a MAJCOM-approved System Safety Course within 120
days of initial assignment to a system safety position. Safety offices must document
reasons for assigned individuals who have not completed training within 180 days of
assignment.
11.2.6.1.3. Must have introductory space safety course training when assigned to a
program involved in the acquisition of a space system. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.4. Work within the Program Manager’s organizational structure to perform
system safety functions IAW the methodology in MIL-STD-882E. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.5. Participate in the development and maintenance of the Programmatic
Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Evaluation (PESHE) document. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.6. Integrate System Safety efforts with systems engineering and other
functional areas within the program. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.7. Identify and assess safety hazards and risks throughout the program life.
Ensures safety portions of PESHE are current and coordinated through the Center
System Safety Manager (CSSM). Annually report safety RM policies, accepted risks
and those that require PEO or higher action for their program to the Center system
safety manager IAW paragraph 11.2.6.2.7.
11.2.6.1.8. Incorporate safety requirements and design criteria into appropriate
program documents. (T-1)
116 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

11.2.6.1.9. Work with Systems Engineering staff to provide System Safety risk
assessments for program and technical reviews. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.10. Develop, recommend and oversee efforts to verify effectiveness of
mitigation measures. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.11. Develop and implement tracking procedures for all identified hazards
and mitigation measures. Document management decisions for acceptance of risks.
(T-1)
11.2.6.1.12. When appropriate, develop operating limits and other safety risk
mitigation measures in concert with the lead, using or operational commands. System
Safety personnel must identify and document particular safety constraints as early as
possible. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.13. Conduct SSGs/SSWGs, when required, for their program. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.14. Prepare formal risk assessment packages for acceptance at the
appropriate level IAW Attachment 15, DoDI 5000.02, AFI 63-101/20-101 and MIL-
STD-882E. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.15. Ensure System Safety requirements are clearly defined within the
Systems Engineering process for their program. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.16. As part of the preparations for fielding new or modified systems, ensure
AFOTEC, using commands and Air Force Sustainment Center Chief of Safety
(AFSC/SE), as well as other validated stakeholders, are provided with a listing of all
High- and Serious-Risks (and Low- and Medium-Risk on specific request), their
mitigation measures, risk assessments, residual hazards and risk acceptance
documentation.
11.2.6.1.17. Identify budget requirements that support mishap investigations and
corrections of deficiencies in support of their program. (T-1)
11.2.6.1.18. Provide updates to the USAF Aviation Safety Equipment Database no
later than 1 November in every even-numbered year to HQ AFMC/SES reflecting
fleet status on the last day of the preceding fiscal year. Attachment 2 contains the
required information and format. (T-1)
11.2.6.2. When assigned as a Center System Safety Manager (CSSM):
11.2.6.2.1. AFMC Centers will have a trained full-time CSSM in the center safety
office, unless waived by HQ AFMC/SES. SMC will appoint a trained full-time
CSSM unless waived by HQ AFSPC/SE. The CSSM should be level II acquisition
certified.
11.2.6.2.2. Each laboratory technical directorate and test center will have a trained
SSM in the laboratory/test center safety office. (The laboratory/test CSSM can be a
part-time individual, depending on the local system safety efforts.) If a
center/laboratory has a full-time system safety staff, the chief of this staff will be the
CSSM or laboratory SSM. All center/laboratory SSMs will document safety criteria
and hazard identification and resolution for in-house and for contractual programs.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 117

CSSMs will identify program/project documents to be coordinated by the

center/laboratory SSM. (T-1)
11.2.6.2.3. CSSMs should be members of applicable center senior engineering
venues such as Acquisition Strategy Panel, to remain informed of top-level issues and
provide cross-tell.
11.2.6.2.4. CSSMs or their designated staff members will be members or advisors of
SSGs and Materiel Safety Task Groups (MSTGs) and Configuration Control Boards
(CCBs). (Full-time SSMs may represent system safety in lieu of the CSSM on
program-unique CCBs, MSTGs, and SSGs.) (T-1)
11.2.6.2.5. CSSMs will conduct annual meetings with all center system safety
personnel to cover refresher training, cross-tell items, and new developments in
system safety. (T-1)
11.2.6.2.6. The CSSM will coordinate on the safety portion of PESHEs for programs
managed at the Center. (T-1)
11.2.6.2.7. CSSMs must provide annual overviews to the MAJCOM/SE and AF/SE
on the safety RM policies and status of all risks requiring PEO or CAE action for all
programs managed at their Center. (T-1)
11.2.6.2.8. Promote standardization through the cross-flow of best practices.
11.2.6.3. When assigned to Lead/Using Command, System Safety Officers, Managers,
and engineers:
11.2.6.3.1. Must be familiar with System Safety policy and guidance. (T-1)
11.2.6.3.2. Support the Initial Capabilities Document (ICD), Capability Development
Document (CDD) and Capability Production Document (CPD) development effort
IAW AFPD 90-8, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Management and
Risk Management. Safety personnel must work with the Environmental and BE staffs
to identify ESOH constraints as early as possible to prevent adverse impacts on
command mission, base locations, operational use, support concepts or
meteorological operating environments associated with systems.
11.2.6.3.3. Assist in coordinating user concurrence for safety risk acceptance
decisions.
11.2.6.3.4. Interpret hazard data provided by the program manager for the system
users.
11.2.7. Units.
11.2.7.1. Ensure the unit RM effort uses Program Manager’s System Safety hazard
information in its risk assessments.
11.2.7.2. Participate, as appropriate, in SSGs and SSWGs to identify risks and hazards.
11.2.7.3. Coordinate issues affecting System Safety with the MAJCOM Weapon System
Representative, the Program Office, the System Safety Group and HQ AFSEC, as
appropriate.
118 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

11.2.8. Test Organizations. During both development and operational test and evaluation,
test organizations will review and validate program office risk assessments for hazards that
were not eliminated through redesign. The test organizations and AFOTEC will provide the
using commands with their recommendations on program office risk assessments. The test
organizations and AFOTEC will provide to the program office a summary of the test hazards
and the mitigating actions for all test hazards.
11.3. System Safety Groups (SSG). In addition to the day-to-day systems engineering and
system safety activities, program offices should use SSGs to collect and cross feed user
inputs/insights into the program’s System Safety efforts and to provide all a view of all safety
issues currently in work. SSG members are detailed in paragraph 11.3.3.
11.3.1. All ACAT I aircraft, weapons and space programs on the acquisition master list
(AML) are required to conduct SSGs. Programs for subordinate systems used on aircraft or
space systems shall address system safety issues within the SSG for the aircraft or space
systems in which they are to be integrated, and are not required to have separate SSGs. (T-1)
Separate SSGs are not typically required for programs covered under AFI 91-102, Nuclear
Weapon System Safety Studies, Operational Safety Reviews, and Safety Rules, AFI 91-205,
Nonnuclear Munitions Safety Board, or AFI 91-401, Directed Energy Weapon Safety. SSGs
are optional for all other programs not previously addressed. HQ AFSEC will maintain a list
of aircraft and space programs that conduct SSGs. (T-1)
11.3.2. The program manager, deputy program manager or chief engineer chairs the SSG.
SSGs meet at least annually as scheduled by the chair. In addition, any member of the SSG
may request the chair call a meeting. Meetings may be waived with concurrence of all
required attendees. Each SSG will address the following as appropriate:
11.3.2.1. Program status. (T-1)
11.3.2.2. Fleet safety assessment. (T-1)
11.3.2.3. Analyses of major safety design trade-offs and modifications. Analysis will
include risk hazard indices, proposed corrective actions and their effect and status. (T-1)
11.3.2.4. Status of planned, pending, active and disapproved safety modifications.
Attachment 15 has guidelines and considerations for modification planning and risk
assessment. (T-1)
11.3.2.5. Safety investigation recommendations affecting the system. A discussion of
High Accident Potential (HAP) reports that have occurred since the last meeting. (T-1)
11.3.2.6. User/operator issues. (T-1)
11.3.2.7. Safety risk mitigation options. (T-1)
11.3.2.8. Unmitigated hazards. (T-1)
11.3.2.9. System Safety program scope, including contractual requirements and
deliverable System Safety data. (T-1)
11.3.2.10. Overall safety assessments, especially before milestone reviews. (T-1)
11.3.2.11. Major modifications or engineering change proposals. (T-1)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 119

11.3.2.12. The need to establish SSWGs as necessary to work detailed System Safety
issues. (T-1)
11.3.2.13. Making safety recommendations during design, development, test, operations,
sustainment and disposal. (T-1)
11.3.2.14. Assigning risk indices to each SSG discussion and action item.
11.3.2.15. Aircraft Information Program status to emphasize the collection and analysis
of safety data. (T-1)
11.3.3. The SSG develops and coordinates the SSG charter. The SSG charter will address
the purpose and scope, mandatory membership, operating procedures and administration of
the group. All mandatory members must commit to supporting SSG meetings and must sign
the charter. Minimum mandatory membership includes the Chairperson (Program Manager,
Deputy or Chief Engineer), Program System Safety Manager/Engineer/Officer (as
appropriate, Center System Safety Manager, AFSEC, HQ AFMC/SE (for non-space
systems), HQ AFSPC/SE (for space systems), the Lead MAJCOM safety office, AFOTEC
and the Lead MAJCOM user representative. Optional, advisory members include
SAF/AQRE, the contractor system safety manager, program engineering staff (as needed
based on issues at hand), Space Launch Ranges, and other DoD and industry organizations
(as appropriate) as determined by mandatory members. (T-1)
11.3.4. Within 30 working days, SSG minutes shall be sent to all SSG members and advisors
and to SAF/AQR, AFMC/EN or SMC/EN (as applicable), HQ AFSEC, HQ AFSPC/SE or
HQ AFMC/SE (as applicable), AFOTEC/SE, and the owning command. (T-1)
11.3.5. SSG recommendations that require capability changes or materiel modifications by
the program office must be validated and documented IAW the process and criteria outlined
in AFI 10-601.
11.4. Networks, Automated Information Systems, and Non-Developmental Items. Program
managers are required to conduct a System Safety analysis appropriate for the system or item.
For non-developmental items, the analysis should review usage history, verify intended use
similarities, evaluate differences, and plan for adequate safety evaluation for all Air Force-unique
modifications or changes in use. This System Safety review should be accomplished by the
procuring/buying agency that is in the best position to assess the intended use and necessary
modification. For example, Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) certification requirements are
incrementally implemented and may not apply to all models or year groups of similar aircraft.
Operations from military fields and or with military support equipment provide unique hazard
opportunities that may not have been considered in the original design. Exercise care in
accepting FAA certification as a sufficient indication for safety of the design.
11.5. System Safety Engineering Analysis (SSEA). The SSEA program evaluates new
operations that are currently prohibited due to the perceived risks (e.g., aircraft hot refueling,
concurrent servicing operations, concurrent servicing operations supporting combat sortie
generation and wet wing/rapid defueling operations). Based upon the successful demonstration
and evaluation, approval may be granted to use the operation/procedures.
11.5.1. SSEA of a proposed operation is performed by a highly qualified team under
controlled conditions. The team conducts actual demonstrations and analysis of the operation
120 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

to validate overall risk assessment and recommend actions. The SSEA team is normally
chaired by the AFLCMC System Safety Office and includes experts from AFMC/SES,
AFSEC/SEF/SEG, and the developing/supporting and operational commands, and any other
technical experts (as needed) as determined by the SSEA Chair. At the discretion of the
SSEA Team Chief, Low-Risk SSEAs may be done via the in-house “tabletop” method
without a demonstration.
11.5.2. A using command requests a SSEA in writing to AFLCMC/SES and informs HQ
AFSEC. Requests must include: (T-1)
11.5.2.1. A complete description of the proposed operation.
11.5.2.2. Justification for accepting the increased risk.
11.5.2.3. Recommended location and dates for the SSEA demonstrations.
11.5.2.4. Identification of other DoD, Government or foreign agencies that might be
involved.
11.5.3. The SSEA team reports the results of the analysis, including operational concepts,
system descriptions, risk assessments, hazard analyses, descriptions of the demonstrations,
and conclusions and recommendations to the requester.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 121

Chapter 12

HAZARD ABATEMENT

12.1. Purpose. The purpose of the hazard abatement program is to eliminate, control or limit
exposure of personnel to hazardous conditions. It provides senior leaders, functional managers,
supervisors and workers with a risk-based systemic process for identifying hazard mitigation and
elimination strategies for hazards in all workplaces and operations. Additionally, it provides a
tracking system for hazards from identification through closure.
12.2. Responsibilities.
12.2.1. Each installation establishes a program to abate hazards based on a priority system.
(T-2)
12.2.2. Commanders, supervisors and employees at all levels are responsible for abating
hazardous conditions. (T-2)
12.2.3. Commanders protect national resources, both human and material, and have the
responsibility to take action in implementing safety measures. (T-2)
12.2.4. Functional managers correct hazards in their areas of responsibility. (T-2)
12.2.5. The safety office helps commanders assess and prioritize abatement actions and
provide the commander with follow-up support until the hazard is eliminated. (T-2)
12.2.6. Send projects beyond the capability of local commanders to the parent
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU.
12.3. Planning and Engineering. Use RM processes during the planning, design and execution
phases to identify and eliminate hazards as early as possible when they will have the least cost
and operational impact on the program. Continually review plans, specifications and drawings to
identify and eliminate hazards until the equipment or workplace is operating with acceptable risk
levels. Reevaluate risk assessments when any factor applied in the decision-making process
changes. (T-2)
12.4. Procedural Actions. Develop procedures or restrictions to minimize risk if planning or
engineering actions cannot be used to eliminate hazards. If necessary, impose restrictions such as
operational limits, frequent inspections, protective equipment or stopping the operation until
corrective action is taken. (T-2)
12.5. Hazard Control Hierarchy. The hierarchy provides a systematic way to determine the
most effective feasible method to reduce risk associated with a hazard. The types of hazards
employees are exposed to, the severity of the hazards and the risk the hazards pose to employees
should all be considered in determining methods of hazard prevention, elimination and control.
12.5.1. In general, the following hierarchy should be followed in determining hazard
elimination/mitigation and control methods:
12.5.1.1. Elimination or removal of the hazard. Example would bringing work to ground
level versus working at heights.
12.5.1.2. Substitution of less hazardous materials, processes, operations, or equipment.
122 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

12.5.1.3. Engineering controls, such as removing or isolating hazards, redesigning

workstations, etc.
12.5.1.4. Administrative controls, such as warnings, buddy system, limiting exposure to
hazards, etc.
12.5.1.5. PPE as determined by an hazard analysis. Note: PPE should be used when all
other hazard controls have been exhausted or more significant hazard controls are not
feasible.
12.5.1.6. Deleted
12.5.2. Feasible application of this hierarchy of controls shall take into account:
12.5.2.1. The nature and extent of the risks being controlled.
12.5.2.2. The degree of risk reduction desired.
12.5.2.3. The requirements of applicable local, federal, and state statutes, standards and
regulations.
12.5.2.4. Recognized best practices in industry.
12.5.2.5. Available technology.
12.5.2.6. Cost-effectiveness.
12.5.2.7. Internal organization standards.
12.5.3. When controlling a hazard, first consider methods to eliminate the hazard or
substitute a less hazardous method or process. This is best accomplished in the concept and
design phases of any project. If this is not feasible, engineering controls such as machine
guards and ventilation systems should be considered. This process continues down the
hierarchy until the highest-level feasible control is found. Often, a combination of controls is
most effective. In cases where the higher order controls (elimination, substitution and
implementation of engineering controls) do not reduce risk to an acceptable level, lower
order controls, e.g., warnings, administrative controls, or personal protective equipment, will
be used to complement engineering controls to reduce risks to an acceptable level. (T-2)
12.5.3.1. Design for Minimum Risk (Engineering). Engineering controls are the
preferred method of reducing exposure to hazards, but are not always feasible. Following
are examples of engineering controls that can be implemented.
12.5.3.1.1. Substitution of a less hazardous material.
12.5.3.1.2. Change process to minimize exposure to a hazard.
12.5.3.1.3. Isolation or enclosure of a process.
12.5.3.1.4. Ventilation of a work area.
12.5.3.1.5. Use of local exhaust, i.e., fume hoods.
12.5.3.1.6. Reduce energy potential, e.g., use a lower voltage/amperage device.
12.5.3.2. Incorporate Safety Devices. Safety devices include such features as machine
guards, lockouts/interlocks and limiting switches.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 123

12.5.3.3. Provide Warning Devices. Warning devices are typically audible/aural/sensory

features that alert one of a hazard.
12.5.3.4. Develop Procedures and Training.
12.5.3.4.1. Administrative. Administrative control methods, such as adjusting work
schedules, good housekeeping or encouraging best work practice can reduce hazard
exposures. Provide written guidance (e.g., TO notes/warnings/cautions) and training.
12.5.3.4.2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). PPE is determined by hazard
identification in hazard analysis. PPE should be used when all other hazard controls
have been exhausted or more significant hazard controls are not feasible.
12.5.4. When engineering controls have been studied, investigated and implemented, yet still
do not bring employees’ exposure levels to below permissible exposure limits, or when
engineering controls are determined to be infeasible, then a combination of controls must be
applied and followed by all affected parties. (T-2)
12.6. Hazard Abatement Requirements. To abate hazardous conditions:
12.6.1. Abate hazards in military-unique equipment and processes through established
systems for modification and upgrade, e.g., Product Quality Deficiency Reporting Program
(T.O. 00-35D-54, USAF Deficiency Reporting, Investigation, and Resolution), and Flight
Manual Changes (AFI 11-215, Flight Manual Procedures). Additionally, when possible, use
the same criteria specified in paragraphs 12.6.2.1 – 12.6.4.7.
12.6.2. Hazard abatement in nonmilitary-unique workplaces must:
12.6.2.1. Abate RACs 1, 2 and 3 hazards as soon as possible. (T-1)
12.6.2.2. Identify abatement actions for RACs 4 and 5 hazards as soon as possible. (T-1)
12.6.3. Select an abatement method and, if possible, interim control measures based on the
hierarchy outlined in paragraph 12.5. Note: Assigned RAC will remain until completely
abated even though interim control measures are in effect.
12.6.4. Other factors that affect decisions on abatement actions are:
12.6.4.1. Impact to mission.
12.6.4.2. Technical feasibility and cost of available options.
12.6.4.3. Number of personnel exposed and length of time exposed.
12.6.4.4. Previous mishap experience.
12.6.4.5. Future use of workplaces or equipment.
12.6.4.6. Alternative methods to control the hazard or protect personnel.
12.6.4.7. Interim control measures in effect.
12.6.5. Attachment 6 through 9 provide additional instructions for assigning RACs,
determining abatement priority numbers, and completing AF Forms 3 and 1118.
12.7. Critical/Imminent Danger Situations. Anyone identifying a critical/imminent danger
situation will immediately bring it to the attention of the commander and supervisor in charge.
(T-1) Commanders or supervisors must take immediate action to eliminate or control the hazard
124 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

or cease operations and withdraw exposed personnel until the situation is safe. (T-1) Note:
Military-unique operations are not covered under this requirement. Military operations are, by
nature, high risk and tasks required can pose an imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm.
12.8. Posting Notification of Hazards. The fire, safety or health officials complete the AF
Form 1118 identifying RAC 1, 2 and 3 hazards according to Attachment 8 and forward to the
supervisor for posting not later than the end of the next duty day. The control number for the AF
Form 1118 will be assigned by the host wing safety office. This will ensure the control number is
compatible with the associated AF Form 3 should it become required. A copy of the AF Form
1118 will be sent to the host wing safety office by the office assigning the RAC. Supervisors
must alert all affected employees and contractors of the hazardous condition, any interim control
measures and permanent corrective actions underway or programmed. Supervisors post the AF
Form 1118 in the workplace immediately upon receipt. AF Form 979, Danger Tag, may be used
for this purpose on equipment. Refer to AFI 91-203 for additional guidance. (T-2)
12.8.1. Location. Post AF Form 1118 on, at or as near as possible to the hazard. However,
where the nature of the hazard or workplace is such that this is not practical, post notices in a
prominent place where all employees can see them. The workplace supervisor must ensure
the posted AF Form 1118 is maintained in good condition and employees are kept informed
of any changes. If adverse conditions are present, enclose the notice in a suitable protective
cover. (T-2)
12.8.2. Removal. The issuing office will be the authority to remove a posted AF Form 1118,
Notice of Hazard. Removal of notices will only occur after the hazard has been corrected, or
three (3) working days (excluding weekends and federal holidays), whichever is later,
following validation by the issuing authority. (T-2)
12.9. Installation Master Hazard Abatement Plan (MHAP). Commanders/Functional
Managers will ensure all identified RAC 1, 2 and 3 hazards are entered into the formal
installation MHAP. (T-2)
12.9.1. Those RAC 1, 2 or 3 hazards will be entered on an AF Form 3 IAW Attachment 9.
Safety, fire or health officials assist functional managers in preparation of the AF Form 3.
After commander/functional manager approves and signs the AF Form 3, send to the
installation safety office. (T-2)
12.9.2. The host installation safety staff maintains the installation MHAP. The MHAP
consists of the following:
12.9.2.1. A fiscal year log of all RAC 1, 2 and 3 items.
12.9.2.2. A complete set of AF Form 3s and AF Form 1118s from across the installation.
12.9.2.3. Other related or supporting documentation.
12.9.2.4. The signed approval called for in paragraph 12.9.5 or a cross reference to the
appropriate ESOHC minutes if the option is used to track commander approval via the
ESOHC.
12.9.3. Squadron commanders or functional managers will conduct a semiannual review of
AF Form 3s pertaining to their areas of responsibilities and reflect that review in Block 22 of
the AF Form 3. (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 125

12.9.3.1. Commanders/functional managers notify the safety personnel of any changes in

hazard abatement status and annotate changes on the AF Form 3.
12.9.3.2. Completed hazard abatement projects must be certified by the appropriate
agency; safety, fire, or health, to ensure the hazard was abated properly. Certification in
this particular instance means the appropriate official has performed a site visit to verify
the hazard has been fully abated. (T-2)
12.9.4. The ESOHC will review open MHAP items at least once a year. They will address
project delays and other problems during each ESOHC. The ESOHC minutes will reflect the
review and delays or problems respectively. (T-2)
12.9.5. Annually, the COS will send a written copy of the MHAP to the installation
commander for review and approval of priorities for projects. The copy sent to the
commander will include a cover letter addressing the purpose of the review and description
of the request for the commander’s review and signature. The package will include a list of
all open plan entries and those closed since the last annual review. The open list will be
prioritized by RAC and Abatement Priority number (APN). See Attachment 7. Note:
Locations utilizing the AF and MAJCOM/FOA/DRU level Risk models which are included
in scheduled Facilities Boards (FBs) and ESOHC meets the intent of this paragraph and that
of Attachment 12. 9.2.4. (T-2)
12.9.6. The host safety office will make the MHAP available for review locally by
representatives of recognized employee organizations, if such organizations exist. (T-2)
12.9.7. MAJCOM/FOA/DRU ground safety personnel will send copies of AF Form 3s
received from subordinate installations or units to HQ AFSEC/SEG and AFMOA/ SG3P or
AFCEC/DF, if appropriate, when MAJCOM funding authority for abatement action is
exceeded.
12.9.8. RAC 4 and 5 hazards are not part of the installation MHAP. Safety staffs, including
tenant units, will track RAC 4 and 5 hazards until closed. AF Form 3 or AF Form 1118 is
optional for RACs 4 and 5. MAJCOM/FOA/DRU may delineate additional tracking
requirements.
12.9.9. Once a hazard is transferred to the MHAP (RACs 1 – 3) or the RAC 4 and 5 tracking
mechanism, close out applicable source hazard report or inspection report. (T-2)
12.10. Funding for Hazard Abatement. Funding for hazard abatement projects should be
entered into the Planning, Programming and Budget process. Hazard abatement projects should
compete for the necessary funds within the planning, programming, and budgeting system
framework.
12.10.1. Incorporate safety, fire and health requirements into repair and construction
projects. For projects that exceed local funding authority, follow requirements in AFI 32-
1021, Planning and Programming Military Construction (MILCON) Projects, or AFI 32-
1032, Planning and Programming Appropriated Fund Maintenance, Repair, and
Construction Projects, as applicable, and send projects to the parent MAJCOM for
centralized programming. Identify the portion of project cost attributable to hazard
abatement. (T-2)
126 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

12.10.2. Civil Engineering provides actual cost data for abatement of hazards in workplaces
and real property installed equipment to the functional manager. The functional manager
consolidates the information and sends it to the installation safety staff at least once a year for
centralized reporting. (T-2)
12.11. End of Year Annual Hazard Abatement Survey Report. At the beginning of each
new fiscal year AFSEC/SEG will send a data call for the end of year hazard abatement
information required to complete the DoD report called for within DoDI 6055.01. This data call
will be sent to each MAJCOM/FOA/DRU for subsequent distribution to their subordinate units
that serve as the host installation safety office. Each host installation safety manager obtains
information from installation civil engineering and functional managers in order to submit the
data call back to their higher headquarters, who will, in turn, compile the results and send the
composite product back to AFSEC/SEG within the suspense date assigned. FOAs and DRUs are
not to submit the annual survey report if the host installation reports their hazard abatement
actions through a MAJCOM. At joint bases where the Air Force is not the lead, the Air Force
office will complete the data sheet to reflect only the Air Force specific hazards on the
installation Master Hazard Abatement Plan or its equivalent. (T-2)

Figure 12.1. Annual Hazard Abatement Program Survey Report (RCS: HAF-SEC(A)
9363) MAJCOM--FOA--DRU SECTION A—Hazards Abated During FY__.
NUMBER OF TOTAL PROJECT ABATEMENT COST ($000)
HAZARDS COST ($000)
ABATED

MILITARY RAC 1
CONSTRUCTION
PROGRAM (MCP)
RAC 2
RAC 3
OPERATIONS
AND
MAINTENANCE
(O&M)
RAC 1
RAC 2
RAC 3
TOTAL
SECTION B—ABATEMENT FUNDED
MCP RAC 1
RAC 2
RAC 3
O&M RAC 1
RAC 2
RAC 3
TOTAL
SECTION C—ABATEMENT UNFUNDED
MCP RAC 1
RAC 2
RAC 3
O&M RAC 1
RAC 2
 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 127

RAC 3
TOTAL

Figure 12.2. (MAJCOM/FOA /DRU) Annual Hazard Abatement Survey Report (RCS:
HAF-SEC(A) 9363) OSH Hazards - Programmed (Unfunded) RAC 1 Annual Hazard
Abatement Survey Report.
1 2 3 4
PROJECT IDENTIFICATION NARRATIVE
BASE HAZARD A B C D E
TO BE TITLE PROJECT PROGRAM PROGRAM COST ($000)
ABATED NUMBER DECISION FY
PACKAGE
(PDP)

(1) (2)
TOTAL ABATE-
MENT

KURT F. NEUBAUER
Major General, USAF
Chief of Safety
128 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 1
GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION

References
AFH 63-1402, Aircraft Information Program, 19 March 2001
AFI 10-601, Operational Capability Requirements Development, 6 November 2013
AFI 10-2501, Air Force Emergency Management (EM) Program Planning and Operations, 24
January 2007
AFI 11-202 Vol 2, Aircrew Standardization/Evaluation Program, 13 September 2010
AFI 11-215, USAF Flight Manuals Program (FMP), 22 December 2008
AFI 13-204V2, Airfield Operations Standardization and Evaluations, 1 September 2010
AFI 13-204V3, Airfield Operations Procedures and Programs, 1 September 2010
AFI 13-212, Range Planning and Operations, 16 November 2007
AFI 13-213, Airfield Driving, 1 June 2011
AFI 24-302, Vehicle Management, 26 June 2012
AFI 25-201, Intra-Service, Intra-Agency, and Inter-Agency Support Agreements Procedures, 18
October 2013
AFI 32-1021, Planning and Programming Military Construction (MILCON) Projects, 14 June
2010
AFI 32-1023, Designing and Constructing Military Construction Projects, 21 April 2010
AFI 32-7001, Environmental Management, 4 November 2011
AFI 32-7064, Integrated Natural Resources Management, 17 September 2004
AFI 32-7086, Hazardous Materials Management, 1 November 2004
AFI 33-332, Air Force Privacy and Civil Liberties Program, 12 January 2015
AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management, 25 September 2013
AFI 36-401, Employee Training and Development, 28 June 2002
AFI 36-601, Air Force Civilian Career Program Management, 25 July 1994
AFI 36-602, Civilian Intern Programs, 25 July 1994
AFI 36-2101, Classifying Military Personnel (Officer and Enlisted), 25 June 2013
AFI 36-2201, Air Force Training Program, 15 September 2010
AFI 36-2833, Safety Awards, 31 October 2012
AFI 44-102, Medical Care Management, 20 January 2012
AFI 44-119, Medical Quality Operations, 16 August 2011
AFI 48-101, Aerospace Medicine Enterprise, 19 October 2011
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 129

AFI 48-145, Occupational and Environmental Health Program, 22 July 2014

AFI 51-1101, Air Force Procurement Fraud Remedies Program, 21 October 2003
AFI 63-101/20-101, Integrated Life Cycle Management, 7 March 2013
AFI 64-117, Air Force Government-Wide Purchase Card (GPC) Program, 20 September 2011
AFI 65-601V1, Budget Guidance and Procedures, 16 August 2012
AFI 90-201, The Air Force Inspection System, 2 August 2013
AFI 90-801, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Councils, 25 March 2005
AFI 90-802, Risk Management, 11 February 2013
AFI 90-821, Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) Program, 27 January 2014
AFI 91-101, Air Force Nuclear Weapons Surety Program, 15 August 2014
AFI 91-102, Nuclear Weapon System Safety Studies, Operational Safety Reviews, and Safety
Rules, 25 February 2014
AFI 91-110, Nuclear Safety Review and Launch Approval for Space or Missile Use of
Radioactive Material and Nuclear Systems, 28 June 2002
AFI 91-203, Air Force Consolidated Occupational Safety Instruction, 15 June 2012
AFI 91-204, Safety Investigations and Reports, 12 February 2014
AFI 91-205, Nonnuclear Munitions Safety Board, 12 April 2012
AFI 91-207, The US Air Force Traffic Safety Program, 12 September 2013
AFI 91-217, Space Safety and Mishap Prevention Program, 17 April 2014
AFI 91-401, Directed Energy Weapons Safety, 5 September 2013
AFI 99-103, Capabilities-Based Test and Evaluation, 16 October 2013
AFMAN 33-363, Management of Records, 1 March 2008
AFMAN 48-154, Occupational and Environmental Health Site Assessment, 28 March 2007
AFMAN 48-155, Occupational and Environmental Health Exposure Controls, 1 October 2008
AFMAN 91-201, Explosives Safety Standards, 12 January 2011
AFMAN 91-221, Weapons Safety Investigations and Reports, 8 November 2010
AFMAN 91-222, Space Safety Investigations and Reports, 9 August 2005
AFMAN 91-223, Aviation Safety Investigations and Reports, 16 May 2013
AFMAN 91-224, Ground Safety Investigation and Reports, 1 August 2004
AFOSH 48-Series Medical Standards, 10 February 2005 thru 10 May 2013
AFPAM 90-803, Risk Management (RM) Guidelines and Tools, 11 February 2013
AFPAM 91-210, Contract Safety, 14 February 1994
130 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

AFPAM 91-212, Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Management Techniques, 1

February 2004
AFPAM 91-216, USAF Safety Deployment and Contingency Pamphlet, 9 August 2001
AFPD 32-70, Environmental Quality, 20 July 1994
AFPD 90-8, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Management and Risk Management,
2 February 2012
AFPD 90-13, Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance, 28 March 2008
AFPD 91-2, Safety Programs, 24 July 2012
AFPD 91-4, Directed Energy Weapons (DEW), 21 October 2011
AFVA 91-209, Air Force Occupational Safety and Health Program, 18 December 2012
DoD 1400.25-M, DoD Civilian Personnel Manual (CPM) System, Subchapter 810, Injury
Compensation, 12 April 2005 (Administratively reissued 16 April 2009)
DoD 6025.13-R, Medical Quality Assurance (MQA) and Clinical Quality Management in the
Military Health System (MHS), 29 October 2013
DoD 6025.18-R, DoD Health Information Privacy Regulation, 24 January 2003
DoD 6055.05-M, Occupational Medical Examinations and Surveillance Manual, 2 May 2007
DoDD 3100.10, Space Policy, 18 October 2012
DoDD 3200.11, Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB), 27 December 2007
DoDI 3200.18, Management and Operation of the Major Range and Test Facility Base
(MRTFB), 1 February 2010
DoDI 4000.19, Support Agreements, 25 April 2013
DoDI 4145.26, DoD Contractor’s Safety Requirements for Ammunition and Explosives, 9 April
2005
DoDI 5000.02, Operation of the Defense Acquisition System, 7 January 2015
DoDI 6055.01, DoD Safety and Occupational Health (SOH) Program, 14 October 2014
DoDI 6055.04, DoD Traffic Safety Program, 20 April 2009 (incorporating all changes)
DoDI 6055.07, Mishap Notification, Investigation, Reporting, and Record Keeping, 6 June 2011
DoDI 6055.16, Explosives Safety Management Program, 29 July 2008 (incorporating all
changes)
DoDI O-3100.11, Illumination of Objects in Space by Lasers, 31 March 2000
DoD Manual (DoDM) 5200.01, Volume 4, DoD Information Security Program: Controlled
Unclassified Information (CUI), 24 February 2012
DoDM 6055.09-M, DoD Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards, 29 February 2008
(incorporating all changes)
FORM CA-10, What A Federal Employee Should Do When Injured At Work
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 131

MIL-HDBK-516B, DoD Handbook, Airworthiness Certification Criteria, 26 September 2005

MIL-STD-882E, DoD Standard Practice for System Safety, 11 May 2012
NATO STANAG 3101, Exchange of Safety Information Concerning Aircraft and Missiles, 24
February 2009
NATO STANAG 3102, Flight Safety Co-operation in Common Ground/Air Space, 27 March
2007
NATO STANAG 3531, Safety Investigation and Reporting of Accident/Incidents Involving
Military Aircraft, Missiles and/or UAVs, 28 March 2007
Executive Order 12196, Occupational Safety and Health Program for Federal Employees, 26
February 1980
Public Law 104-19, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, 21 August
1996, as amended
Title 5, Administrative Personnel, Code of Federal Regulations Part 339, Medical Qualification
Determinations
Title 5, U.S.C., Section 552, The Freedom of Information Act, as amended
Title 5, U.S.C., Section 552a, The Privacy Act of 1974, as amended
Title 10, U.S.C. Chapter 172, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
Title 22, U.S.C., Sections 2751 et seq., Arms Export Control Act
Title 29, Labor, Code of Federal Regulations 1904, Recording and Reporting Occupational
Injuries and Illnesses
Title 29, Labor, Code of Federal Regulations 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards
Title 29, Labor, Code of Federal Regulations 1926, Safety and Health Regulations for
Construction
Title 29, Labor, Code of Federal Regulations 1960, Basic Program Elements for Federal
Employees, Occupational Safety and Health Programs and Related Matters
Title 29, U.S.C. Chapter 15, Occupational Safety and Health, Sections 651 – 678
Title 42, U.S.C. Chapter 23, Development and Control of Atomic Energy
Title 50, U.S.C., Appendix Sections 2401 et seq., Export Administration Act of 1979
TO 00-5-1, Air Force Technical Order System, 1 October 2008
TO 00-35D-54, USAF Deficiency Reporting, Investigation, and Resolution, 1 May 2007
UFC 3-260-01, Airfield and Heliport Planning and Design, 17 November 2008
Civilian Force Renewal PAQ/COP Guide

Prescribed Forms
AF Form 3, Hazard Abatement Plan
AF Form 55, Employee Safety and Health Record
132 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

AF Form 457, USAF Hazard Report

AF Form 651, Hazardous Air Traffic Report (HATR)
AF Form 860B, Civilian Progress Review Worksheet
AF Form 1118, Notice of Hazard
AF Form 1286, Safety Education/Training Class Roster
AF Form 4391, High-Risk Activities Worksheet
AF Form 4392, Pre-Departure Safety Briefing

Adopted Forms
AF Form 9, Request For Purchase
AF Form 847, Recommendation For Change of Publication
AF Form 979, Danger Tag
AF Form 1754, Job Capability and Safety Analysis (LRA)
FORM CA-10, What A Federal Employee Should Do When Injured At Work

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ACC—Air Combat Command
ADLS—Air Force Distributed Learning Service
ADWSR—Additional Duty Weapons Safety Representative
AEF—Air Expeditionary Force
AETC—Air Education and Training Command
AEW/G—Air Expeditionary Wing/Group
AFCEC—Air Force Civil Engineering Center
AFCFM—Air Force Career Field Manager
AFCMRS—Air Force Combined Mishap Reduction System
AFECD—Air Force Enlisted Classification Directory
AFFARS—Air Force Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement
AFFOR—Air Force Forces
AFDW—Air Force District of Washington
AFGSC—Air Force Global Strike Command
AFI—Air Force Instruction
AFJMAN—Air Force Joint Manual
AFMAN—Air Force Manual
AFMC—Air Force Materiel Command
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 133

AFMOA—Air Force Medical Operations Agency

AFMS—Air Force Manpower Standard
AFMSA—Air Force Medical Support Agency
AFOSC—Air Force Operational Safety Council
AFOSH—Air Force Occupational Safety and Health
AFOTEC—Air Force Operational Test Evaluation Center
AFPAM—Air Force Pamphlet
AFPC—Air Force Personnel Center
AFPD—Air Force Policy Directive
AFRC—Air Force Reserve Command
AFRIMS—Air Force Records Information Management System
AFSAS—Air Force Safety Automated System
AFSC—Air Force Specialty Code
AFSEC—Air Force Safety Center
AFSMS—Air Force Safety Management System
AFSOC—Air Force Special Operations Command
AFSPC—Air Force Space Command
AFTO—Air Force Technical Order
AHAS—Avian Hazard Advisory System
AMA—Aircraft Movement Area
AMC—Air Mobility Command
AMIC—Aircraft Mishap Investigation Course
AMIP—Aircraft Mishap Investigation and Prevention
AML—Acquisition Master List
ANG—Air National Guard
ANSI—American National Standards Institute
AOF—Airfield Operations Flight
AOPA—Aircraft Owner’s and Pilot’s Association
AOPT—Aerospace and Operational Physiology Training
AOR—Area of Responsibility
APN—Abatement Priority Number
ARCCOS—Air Reserve Component Chief of Safety
134 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

ART—Air Reserve Technician

AS—Allowance Standards
ASAP—Airman Safety Action Program
ASPM—Aviation Safety Program Manager
ATC—Air Traffic Control
ATIS—Automated Terminal Information Service
BAM—Bird Avoidance Model
BASH—Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard
BE—Bioenvironmental Engineering
BHWG—Bird Hazard Working Group
BIA—Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements
BWC—Bird Watch Condition
C—Celsius
CAE—Component Acquisition Executive
CAMS—Core Automated Maintenance System
CAS -B—Combat Automated System – Base
CCB—Configuration Control Board
CCIP—Commander’s Inspection Program
CCIR—Commander’s Inspection Report
CDD—Capability Development Document
CEI—Cost Effectiveness Index
CEU—Continuing Education Unit
CFR—Code of Federal Regulations
CIP—Common Installation Picture
CMAVs—Controlled Movement Aerial Violations
COMMAFOR—Commander, Air Forces
CONOPS—Concept of Operations
COR—Contracting Officer’s Representative
COS—Chief of Safety
CPD—Capability Production Document
CSSM—Center System Safety Manager
DAO—Designed Acquisition Officials
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 135

DART—Days Away Restricted and/or Transfer Case

DASHO—Department of the Air Force’s Designated Agency Safety and Health Officer
DDESB—Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board
DEW—Directed Energy Weapons
DEWCB—Directed Energy Weapons Certification Board
DFARS—DoD Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement
DoD—Department of Defense
DoDD—Department of Defense Directive
DoDI—Department of Defense Instruction
DOE—Department of Energy
DOEHRS—Defense Occupational and Environmental Health Readiness System
DoL—Department of Labor
DRF—Disaster Response Force
DRU—Direct Reporting Unit
DUI—Driving Under the Influence
DUSD—Deputy Undersecretary of Defense
DWI—Driving While Intoxicated
EESOH-MIS—Enterprise, Environmental, Safety and Occupation Health – Management
Information System
EMS—Environmental Management System
EOC—Emergency Operations Center
ESOH—Environmental Safety and Occupational Health
ESOHC—Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Council
F—Fahrenheit
FAA—Federal Aviation Administration
FAR—Federal Aviation Regulation
FAR—Federal Acquisition Regulation
FBO—Fixed Base Operator
FDT&E—Force Development, Test and Evaluation
FECA—Federal Employees’ Compensation Act
FES—Fire Emergency Services
FGS—Final Governing Standards
FOA—Field Operating Agency
136 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

FOD—Foreign Object Damage

FOUO—For Official Use Only
FSDO—Flight Standards District Officer
FSM—Flight Safety Manager
FSNCO—Flight Safety Non-Commission Officer
FSO—Flight Safety Officer
FUB—Facilities Utilization Board
GCC—Geographic Combatant Command
GMV—Government Motor Vehicle
GO81—CAMS for Mobility
GOCO—Government-Owned, Contractor Operated
GSCC—Ground Safety Corporate Committee
GSM—Ground Safety Manager
GSU—Geographically Separated Unit
HAF—Headquarters Air Force
HAFMD—Headquarters Air Force Mission Directive
HAP—High Accident Potential
HATR—Hazardous Air Traffic Report
HAZMAT—Hazardous Material
HIPAA—Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
HMIRS—Hazardous Material Information Resources System
HNFA—Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements
HQ—Headquarters
HRA—High-Risk Activities
HRB—Hazard Review Board
HSI—Human System Integration
IAW—In Accordance With
ICD—Initial Capabilities Document
ICPA—Injury Compensation Program Administration
IEMP—Installation Emergency Management Plan
IG—Inspector General
IGEMS—Inspector General Evaluation Management System
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 137

IH—Industrial Hygiene
IHMP—Installation Hazardous Material Management Program
IMDS—Integrated Maintenance Data System
IPT—Integrated Product Team
ISB—Interim Safety Board
IT—Information Technology
JRFL—Joint Restricted Frequency List
JSA—Job Safety Analysis
JSTO—Job Safety Training Outline
JSUPT—Joint Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training
LDTO—Lead Developmental Test Organization
LF—Launch Facility
LOSA—Line Operations Safety Audit
LSO—Launch Safety Officer
LSSRB—Laser System Safety Review Board
MACA—Midair Collision Avoidance
MAF—Missile Alert Facility
MAF LOG C2—Mobility Air Force Logistics Command and Control
MAJCOM—Major Command
MDS—Mission Design Series
MFOQA—Military Flight Operations Quality Assurance
MFT—Multi-Functional Team
MI—Management Inspection
MILCON—Military Construction
MICT—Management Internal Control Toolset
MIL STD—Military Standard
MINA—Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation
MLC—Medical Law Consultant
MHAP—Master Hazard Abatement Plan
MMHE—Munitions Maintenance Handling Equipment
MOA—Memorandum of Agreement
MRRT—Munitions Rapid Response Team
138 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

MRT—Mission Readiness Training

MRTFB—Major Range and Test Facility Base
MSTG—Materiel Safety Task Group
MTF—Medical Treatment Facility
MTR—Military Training Routes
NAF—Non-Appropriated Funds
NAF—Numbered Air Force
NAICS—National American Industry Classification System
NATO—North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NEC—National Electrical Code
NFPA—National Fire Protection Association
NGB—National Guard Bureau
NIOSH—National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NNMSB—Non-Nuclear Munitions Safety Board
NSC—National Safety Council
NWSSG—Nuclear Weapons Systems Safety Group
OA—Operations Analysis
OCR—Office of Collateral Responsibility
OEBGD—Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document
OJT—On-the-Job Training
OL—Operating Location
OPLANS—Operational Plans
OPM—Office of Personnel Management
OPR—Office of Primary Responsibility
OSA—Organizational Safety Assessments
OSD—Office of the Secretary of Defense
OSHA—Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OT&E—Operational Test and Evaluation
PACAF—Pacific Air Force
PDCA—Plan, Do, Check, Act
PDO—Publishing Distribution Office
PE—Program Evaluation
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 139

PEO—Program Executive Officer

PERSCO—Personnel Support for Contingency Operations
PESHE—Programmatic, Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Evaluation
PH—Public Health
PIT—Pilot Instructor Training
PM—Program Manager
PME—Professional Military Education
PMR—Program Management Review
PMV—Private Motor Vehicle
POC—Point of Contact
POL—Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants
PPE—Personal Protective Equipment
PWS—Performance Based Work Statement
RAC—Risk Assessment Code
RAV—Risk Assessment Visit
RCO—Range Control Officer
RDS—Records Disposition Schedule
RDT&E—Research, Development, Test and Evaluation
RM—Risk Management
ROA—Range Operating Authority
RSO—Range Safety Officer
RTRM—Real-Time Risk Management
SAFSO—Squadron Assigned Flight Safety Officer
SAR—Safety Assessment Report
SAT—Safety Analysis Team
SAV—Staff Assistance Visit
SDS—Safety Data Sheets
SEI—Special Experience Identifier
SGP—Chief of Aerospace Medicine
SIB—Safety Investigation Board
SMC—Space and Missile System Center
SME—Subject Matter Expert
140 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

SOF—Status of Forces
SOFA—Status of Forces Agreement
SOH—Safety and Occupational Health
SPE—Safety Program Evaluation
SSAC—Senior Safety Advisory Council
SSEA—Systems Safety Engineering Analysis
SSHA—System Safety Hazard Analysis
SSG—Systems Safety Group
SSM—System Safety Manager
SSO—Space Safety Officer
SST—Supervisor Safety Training
STANAG—Standardization Agreement
TCIR—Total Case Incident Rate
TDY—Temporary Duty
TO—Technical Order
TTP—Tactics, Techniques and Procedures
UEI—Unit Effectiveness Inspection
UMD—Unit Manning Document
US—United States
USR—Unit Safety Representative
USAF—United States Air Force
USAFA—United States Air Force Academy
USAFE—United States Air Force Europe
UTM—Unit Training Manager
VFR—Visual Flight Rules
VI—Visual Information
VPP—Voluntary Protection Program
WSM—Weapons Safety Manager
WWW—World-Wide Web

Terms
Airmen—All-encompassing term used to indicate all Department of the Air Force members,
both uniformed military and government civilian employees.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 141

Air Force Hazard Communication Program (AFHCP)—Implementation of the Hazard

Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) and AFI 90-821, Hazard Communication. The
purpose of the AFHCP is to reduce the incidence of chemically induced illnesses and injuries. It
informs employees of the hazards and proper preventive measures to be taken when using or
handling hazardous materials in the workplace.
Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH)—-An overarching term for the Air
Force Occupational Safety and Health Program.
Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) Standards—-48-series written
standards prescribing occupational health guidance.
Air Force Safety Management System (AFSMS)—It is the framework upon which the USAF
mishap prevention program is built. Provides organizations with an effective framework for
continual improvement of safety performance. It enables organizations ability to minimize risks
and reduce the occurrence and cost of injuries, illnesses, fatalities and property damage. The
system requires goal setting, planning, executing and measuring performance to be successful.
Air Reserve Component (ARC)—Used when referring to both the AFRC and ANG as one
entity. All units, organizations, and members of the ANG and AFRC (10 U.S.C. 261) on active
duty, on active duty for training, or in drill status, and ANG and AFRC technicians; include
ANG and AFRC property and equipment.
Annual Safety Inspection—Method to identify workplace/facility hazards used by safety staffs
at the wing and below level. These are conducted by qualified safety personnel annually on all
workplaces and facilities.
Annual Safety Management Review—An examination of the mishap prevention program at all
levels of execution to evaluate the safety management system and the performance of programs
or elements managed within the system. The review is performed by senior leadership and safety
professionals to ensure the system continues to be suitable, adequate and effective for its
intended purposes, and for making decisions or authorizing actions that need to be taken by staff
to ensure the continuous improvement of one or more of its programs or elements.
Area of Responsibility (AOR)—Theater of operations for Combatant Command missions and
operations such as US Central Command (USCENTCOM), US Northern Command
(USNORTHCOM), US European Command (USEUCOM), US Pacific Command (USPACOM)
or US Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM).
Convening Authority—The individual who has the authority to order a safety investigation. For
additional guidance, refer to AFI 91-204.
Critical/Imminent Danger—Conditions or practices in a workplace which could reasonably be
expected to cause death or severe physical harm immediately or before such dangers can be
eliminated through normal abatement procedures. RAC 1 hazards are classified as
critical/imminent danger.
Days Away, Restricted, and/or Transfer Case Incidence Rate—The rate of all civilian
injuries and illnesses resulting in days away from work, restricted work activity, and/or job
transfer. This rate is calculated for a work site for a specified period of time (usually one year).
Department of Defense Civilian Personnel—Includes Senior Executive Service (SES), General
Schedule (GS), National Security Personnel System (NSPS) and federal wage system employees,
142 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

including ANG and AFRC technicians, unless in military duty status. Includes non-appropriated
fund employees who are not military personnel working part time; Corps of Engineers Civil
Works employees; Youth Opportunity Program (YOP) and student assistance program
employees; Direct-Hire Foreign-national civilians employed by the Air Force (Air Force Foreign
Nationals [AFFN]) and Army-Air Force Exchange Service employees.
Department of the Air Force Military Personnel—These are Air Force personnel on active
duty with the Air Force or ANG and AFRC personnel on military duty status. Includes Air Force
Academy cadets; also includes Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets engaged in
directed training activities. Includes members of other US military services serving on extended
active duty with the Air Force or foreign-national military personnel assigned to the Air Force.
Designated Employee Representative—An individual selected by civilian employees, either
directly or through an exclusive representation bargaining agreement, to represent them as a
member of the safety and environmental councils and to take part in other activities as outlined
in this instruction.
Evaluations—Method of appraising the effectiveness of mishap prevention program
management. Addresses the areas of commander supervisory support, compliance with program
directives and the effectiveness of mishap prevention programs (performance).
Exemption—Grants permanent relief from a requirement.
Fire Hazard—A condition that can cause a fire to occur. The distinction between fire hazard
and fire safety deficiency (FSD) is important because the documentation, reporting, and
correction procedures differ for each. Only fire hazards are included in the Hazard Abatement
Plan and FSDs are managed separately.
Fire Safety Deficiency (FSD)—A condition which reduces fire safety below the acceptable
level, including noncompliance with standards, but by itself cannot cause a fire to occur. A clear
distinction between hazards and deficiencies may not always be possible; therefore, the judgment
and experience of a qualified fire official must be relied upon. Fire safety deficiencies will not be
assigned a RAC.
Flexible Culture—One of the four sub-cultures that make up an Informed Culture. A Flexible
Culture is a collection of behaviors and beliefs that acknowledge the inevitability of human error
and unsafe conditions and which allow quick and smooth reactions to address hazards before
mishaps result.
Flight Safety Manager—A civilian assigned to perform Flight Safety Officer duties.
Formal Inspection Report—A report with a particular prescribed format.
Full-time—Individuals in primary duty safety positions. See definition for safety and health
officials. Does not include additional duty safety personnel such as USRs and SAFSOs.
Functional Managers—The senior operating official at all levels exercising managerial control
of an activity or operation. This individual usually can acquire and commit resources for the
abatement of occupational safety and health hazards. Functional managers are designated by
MAJCOM/FOA/DRU or installation commanders.
Geographically Separated Unit (GSU)—Any Air Force unit that is geographically separated
beyond a reasonable commuting distance from its servicing military personnel flight.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 143

Hazard—A condition, procedure or practice that creates a potential for producing death, injury,
illness, fire, property damage, equipment damage or environmental damage.
Hazard/Deficiency Abatement—Eliminating or permanently reducing a hazard by complying
with applicable safety requirements or taking equivalent protective measures.
Hazard/Deficiency Severity—An assessment of the expected consequences if a hazard, if left
unabated, results in a mishap. The Air Force defines severity by the degree of injury, illness, or
resource damage that can result from a specific mishap.
Hazard Reporting—A process, by which any person assigned, attached or under contract to the
Air Force, may report a hazard. This includes any event or condition that affects aviation,
ground, weapons or space.
High Interest Areas—These areas have the greatest risk to life or property damage, experienced
repeated mishaps, or in the judgment of the safety office, require added oversight. They can also
be work areas or operations that need additional attention or inspections because of increased
mishap potential due to the nature of work performed, physical conditions or type of materials
handled.
High-Risk Activities—These are activities having a higher potential for personnel injury due to
the level of competition, speed, risk, or skills needed and requiring greater agility, stamina and
dexterity. Some examples of high-risk activities are flying civil aircraft, hang gliding, skydiving,
parasailing, white-water rafting, motorcycling and auto racing, scuba diving, bungee jumping
and bronco and bull riding. Note: MAJCOM/FOA/DRU can determine within the command
what are considered high risk activities.
Informal Report—A report with no particular format. (e.g. spot inspection, high interest)
Informed Culture—A term used to describe the optimal state of an organization’s safety
culture, in which each individual sees his or her role as a fundamental part of the organization’s
commitment to safety and achievement of organizational safety goals. Four prerequisite sub-
cultures help create an Informed Culture: a Just Culture, a Reporting Culture, a Learning Culture
and a Flexible Culture.
Inspections—The process of determining compliance with safety and health standards through
physical surveys of workplaces, operations, and facilities.
Interim Control Measure—Temporary action taken to reduce the degree of risk associated with
a hazard pending completion of an abatement project.
Job Safety Training Outline (JSTO)—An outline of mandatory safety training items that
supervisors use when conducting workcenter safety training for their specific work areas. See
Attachment 4.
Joint Activity Service Billet—An activity, operation or organization in which elements of more
than one Military Department of the United States, as reflected in joint manpower programs
documents, perform joint missions under auspices of OSD, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff or the commander of a combatant or combined command.
Just Culture—One of the four sub-cultures that make up an Informed Culture. A Just Culture is
an organizational environment where front line operators or others are not punished for actions,
omissions or decisions taken by them that are commensurate with their experience and training,
144 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

but where gross negligence, willful violations and destructive acts are not tolerated. Just Culture
focuses on improving system designs and employee procedures to include: better system
operations; creating redundant safety systems to trap or mitigate errors; pre-identifying high-risk
operations; and leadership actions designed to limit at-risk behaviors.
Learning Culture—One of the four sub-cultures that make up an Informed Culture. A Learning
Culture exists when an organization has the willingness and ability to implement proper
recommendations from safety information that is produced through continuous risk assessment
of hazards.
Major Command—For the purpose of mishap prevention (MAJCOM) includes ACC, AETC,
AFMC, AFRC, AFSPC, AFGSC, AFSOC, AMC, ANG, PACAF and USAFE.
Major Subsystem—A subsystem to the aircraft without which the mission of the platform could
not be accomplished successfully. Major subsystems include, but are not limited to, propulsion,
ejection system, radar systems.
Military-Unique Workplaces, Operations, Equipment and Systems—Military and civilian
operations, systems and equipment that are unique to the national defense mission and military
services. These operations, systems and equipment are exempted from the scope of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (Title 29, U.S.C., Sections 651-678). An example of
the Air Force operations, systems and equipment that are unique to the national defense mission
are military aircraft, missiles and missile sites, early warning systems, military space systems,
ammunition, military flight operations, chemical warfare gear, associated research test and
development activities, and actions required under emergency conditions.
Mishap—A mishap is an unplanned occurrence, or series of occurrences, that results in damage
or injury and meets Class A, B, C, D and E mishap reporting criteria IAW AFI 91-204.
Multi-Functional Team (MFT)—As defined 63- and 64-series guidance publications, MFT is a
team of stakeholders responsible for a Service’s acquisition. It includes not only representatives
of the technical and procurement communities, but also stakeholders of the Service’s acquisition
and the contractors who provide the services. The team may consist of subgroup(s) responsible
for routine contract actions. The team could be a Business Requirements Advisory Group
(BRAG), Mission Area Acquisition Team (MAAT), Integrated Product Team (IPT), working
group, an A-76 IPT or Steering Group, etc.
National Consensus Standards—Standards published by recognized standards organizations
such as the ANSI, NFPA, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,
Compressed Gas Association, and NIOSH. National consensus standards adopted by OSHA are
part of OSHA standards.
Notice of Hazard—A written warning of a condition, procedure, or practice which constitutes a
hazard. As used in the context of this instruction, "Notice of Hazard" refers to AF Form 1118.
Occupational Deficiency—Conditions, procedures and practices not compliant with OSHA or
AFOSH requirements, but do not, in themselves, create a potential for producing an occupational
injury or illness mishap. Deficiencies may, however, create a potential for secondary injuries or
illnesses or may contribute to the severity of an injury or illness that has already occurred.
Examples include, but are not limited to, program management items or the absence of an
eyewash stations. A clear distinction between hazards and deficiencies may not always be
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 145

possible; therefore, the judgment and experience of qualified safety, fire protection and health
personnel must be relied upon.
Occupational Hazard—Conditions, procedures, and practices directly related to the workplace
that can create a potential for producing occupational injuries, property or equipment damage,
mission degradation, damage to the environment, or illnesses.
Performance Appraisal—A systematic comparison of an employee’s performance of duties and
responsibilities with performance standards.
Quality Assurance Personnel—Individuals designated to perform quality assessment functions,
and manage performance in accordance with the Performance Plan. They serve as on-site
technical managers assessing contractor performance against contract performance standards.
Personnel in this area have many titles, such as Quality Assurance Evaluator (QAE), Quality
Assurance Specialist (QAS), Functional Area Evaluators (FAEs), and Contracting Officer
Technical Representative (COTR).
Quality Assurance Program Coordinator (QAPC)—Mission support group or AFMC/AFSPC
Center-level individual, normally from the contracting activity, selected to coordinate and
manage the Performance Management Assessment Program (Quality Assurance Program).
Qualified Safety, Fire Protection, Bioenvironmental Engineering and Health Officials—Air
Force civilian and military personnel assigned to full time positions for the respective disciplines.
Air Force civilian personnel who meet the Office of Personnel Management standards for safety
and occupational health manager or specialist, safety engineering technician, safety engineer, fire
protection engineer or specialist, medical officer, health physicist, industrial hygienist,
occupational health nurse or environmental health technician job qualification standards. Safety,
fire protection, and health personnel with experience or up-to-date training in occupational
safety, fire protection, and health hazard recognition and evaluation are considered as meeting
the qualifications of safety, fire protection, and health inspectors. Air Force military personnel,
who possess a safety, fire protection, Bioenvironmental Engineering, aerospace medicine, or
medicine Air Force Specialty Code. Civilians (NSPS equivalent to GS) are considered fully
qualified IAW 29 CFR 1960 and military at the Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) 7 level or can
be a 5 level if task certified. (See 29 CFR 1960.25, Qualifications of Safety and Health
Inspectors and Agency Inspections).
Risk Management—The application of a systematic process or thinking to detect, assess, and
control risk to enhance total organizational performance.
Safe Haven—Designated area to which noncombatants of the United States Government’s
responsibility, and commercial vehicles and material, may evacuate during a domestic or other
valid emergency. Temporary storage provided Department of Energy classified shipment
transporters at Department of Defense workplaces to assure the safety and security of nuclear
material and/or non-nuclear classified material. Also includes parking for commercial vehicles
containing Class A or Class B explosives.
Safety—The programs, RM activities, and organizational and cultural values dedicated to
preventing injuries and accidental loss of human and material resources, and to protecting the
environment from the damaging effects of DoD mishaps.
146 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Safety Assessment—Method of appraising the effectiveness of mishap prevention program

management used by wing safety staffs to evaluate each standalone group and squadron safety
program conformance and performance within the SMS. Like program evaluations, assessments
address the areas of commander and supervisory support, compliance with program directives,
and the effectiveness of mishap prevention program. Assessments may be conducted in
conjunction with the required annual safety inspection.
Safety Evaluation—Method of appraising the effectiveness of mishap prevention program
management used by HQ AFSEC to evaluate MAJCOM and DRU safety program conformance
and performance within the SMS. Also used for FOAs with assigned safety staffs. Addresses the
areas of commander supervisory support, compliance with program directives and the
effectiveness of the mishap prevention program.
Safety Program Evaluation—Method of appraising the effectiveness of mishap prevention
program management used by MAJCOM/DRU/FOA safety staffs to evaluate wing, NAF and
Center safety program conformance and performance within the SMS. Also used for FOAs with
assigned safety staffs. Addresses the areas of commander supervisory support, compliance with
program directives and the effectiveness of the mishap prevention program. These evaluations
are conducted IAW AFI 90-201 through the Inspector General’s office.
Spot Inspection—These inspections are no-notice inspections to check the day-to-day safety
and health of an organization, work center, facility, etc.
Standards—Safety and health standards (including emergency temporary standards) issued
under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (Title 29, U.S.C., Sections 651-678). This
includes national consensus standards adopted by OSHA by reference.
System Safety Groups (SSGs)—Augment the program office system safety function; it is not a
substitute or replacement. While many SSG members are not assigned to the Program Office,
they advise the system program manager or single manager on safety matters. They act as an
integrated product team (IPT) for system safety. The members assist the program office in
identifying risks, assessing these risks, and recommending solutions to these risks. The SSG
includes safety experts associated with the particular weapon system.
System Safety Working Groups (SSWGs)—Are a subset of System Safety Groups (SSGs).
SSWGs are usually formed when a full SSG wants to research a problem without tying-up the
full membership. The SSG will generally form an SSWG to work a problem separately and
report back to the SSG. An SSWG augments an SSG; it's not a substitute.
Team Concept—A diverse group of individuals working together with complementary skills
who are committed to a common purpose, have group goals, take an approach for which they are
mutually accountable.
Tier/Waiver
Tier 0 (T-0)—Determined by respective non-AF authority (e.g., Congress, White House, Office
of Secretary of Defense, Joint Staff). The waiver authority is non-applicable, or external to AF.
Tier 1 (T-1)—Non-compliance puts Airmen, Commanders or the USAF strongly at risk of
mission or program failure, death, injury, legal jeopardy or unacceptable fraud, waste or abuse.
The waiver authority is the MAJCOM/CC, delegable no lower than MAJCOM Director, with the
concurrence of the AFI Certifying Official. Note: For acquisition and sustainment program
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 147

manager mandates in this instruction, the waiver authority is SAF/AQ (delegate to the PEO-
level), with the concurrence of the AFI Certifying Official.
Tier 2 (T-2)—Non-compliance may degrade mission or program effectiveness or efficiency and
has potential to create moderate risk of mission or program failure, injury, legal jeopardy or
unacceptable fraud, waste or abuse. The waiver authority is the MAJCOM/CC (delegable no
lower than MAJCOM Director). Note: For acquisition and sustainment program manager
mandates in this instruction, the waiver authority is the PEO for the program.
Tier 3 (T-3)—Non-compliance may limit mission or program effectiveness or efficiency and has
a relatively remote potential to create risk of mission or program failure, injury, legal jeopardy or
unacceptable fraud, waste, or abuse. The waiver authority is the Wing/DRU/FOA/CC (delegable
no lower than Group/CC or equivalent).
TRiPS (Travel Risk Planning System)—TRiPS program assists in travel planning. TRiPS is
accessed through the Air Force portal (https://www.my.af.mil/trips/af/Login.aspx).
Total Case Incidence Rate (TCIR)—A number that represents the total recordable civilian
injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time employees, calculated for a worksite for a specified
period of time (usually one year).
Unit Safety Committee—Organized and maintained to monitor and assist an agency’s safety
and health program. The committee assists in helping to maintain an open channel of
communication between employees and management in the workplace. The committees provide
a method by which employees can utilize their knowledge of workplace operations to assist
management with improving policies, conditions, and practices. Note: The term “team concept”
is used synonymously with “safety committee”.
Unit Safety Representative—General term for a person assigned to a unit who is responsible
for the additional duty safety responsibilities. May be a representative of flight, ground or
weapons, and may include a more specific title such as Additional Duty Weapons Safety
Representative (ADWSR) or Squadron Assigned Flight Safety Officer (SAFSO), etc.
United States—The several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealths of Puerto
Rico and the Northern Marina Islands, American Samoa, Guam, Midway and Wake Islands, the
United States Virgin Islands, any other territory or possession of the United States, and
associated navigable waters, contiguous zones, and ocean waters of which the natural resources
are under the exclusive management authority of the United States.
Urgent Action Notice—Significant event notifications sent out by the Air Force Service Watch
Center (AFSWC). These notifications are also called AFSWC notifications.
Variance—An approved temporary or permanent change to a procedure, criterion, or rule
prescribed in safety standards which provides the same degree of protection to personnel.
Workplace—The physical location where work is performed for the Air Force by Air Force
personnel or where Air Force operations take place.
148 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 2
USAF AVIATION SAFETY EQUIPMENT DATABASE REPORTING

A2.1. Purpose and Scope. The database will be maintained by HQ AFSEC/SEFE in an

electronic spreadsheet format and will be organized into aircraft categories of Bomber,
Cargo/Transport, Fighter/Attack, Helicopter, Remotely Piloted Aircraft, Reconnaissance/Battle
Management/C3I, Special Operations, Tanker, Trainer and Other.
A2.2. Aircraft. Each aircraft model will be described to the level necessary to convey
configuration differences, e.g., EC-135N, KC-135R, F-16CM, F-16B Block 15.
A2.3. Inventory. The number of aircraft in this model as of the end of the fiscal year will be
provided. If still in production, the planned production buy and current inventory as of the end of
the fiscal year will be reported. Provide the following information for each item listed below:
A2.3.1. The nomenclature, manufacturer and status of each equipment item for each Model
Design Series.
A2.3.2. If an update or procurement is in progress, document the current configuration, the
new configuration, its Initial Operational Capability (IOC) date and its expected completion
date by Fiscal Year Quarter.
A2.3.3. If an item is planned but not funded, do not report it. If an item is in source selection,
report it as to be determined (TBD) and include estimated IOC and completion dates.
A2.3.4. If an item is installed only on a portion of the fleet, identify the extent of its
installation (e.g., 20% of fleet).
A2.3.5. Elaboration of each data element and requests for more detailed information are
provided in the descriptions below. For each item, provide a Point of Contact to address
further questions or clarifications.
A2.4. Crash Survivable Parametric Recorder (Flight Data Recorder). Report any data
recorder specifically designed to survive an aircraft crash and provide parametric data to a
mishap investigation, e.g., LAS-209F, MU-1003. Additionally, document program’s current
compliance with applicable Air Force requirements contained within Aircraft Information
Programs publications (AFH 63-1402, Aircraft Information Program). For any retrofit programs
in progress, indicate when the retrofit program commenced, the status of the program (number
complete), and what organization is accomplishing the retrofits.
A2.5. Crash Survivable Acoustic Recorder (Cockpit Voice Recorder). Report any acoustic
recording device specifically designed to survive an aircraft crash and provide evidence to a
mishap investigation, e.g., A90A, VADAR. Additionally, document its compliance with
USAF/SE requirements statement of 1997 for 2-hour recording capability and compliance with
FAA TSO 123a.
A2.6. Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)/Crash Position Indicator (CPI). Report any
devices whose purpose includes alerting Search and Rescue to the location of aircraft wreckage
and/or crew. Document compliance with FAA TSO C-126.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 149

A2.7. Traffic Alerting and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). Identify the generation of
the TCAS system (TCAS I, TCAS II, ETCAS, V7.0 ACAS) or transponder only mode. Also,
identify any Automatic Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems.
A2.8. Global Positioning System (GPS). Identify either stand-alone receiver or integrated GPS
capability. If integrated into a navigation/avionics suite, then provide information of next higher-
level assembly.
A2.9. Ground Collision/Proximity Warning Systems (GPWS). Identify the generation of the
GPWS system (First, Second, Third, Fourth, EGPWS, TAWS) and Class (Class A, B, C). If an
additional function of another device, then provide information about the device that generates
the warning, e.g., Flight Control Computer. Document compliance with USAF/XO
Memorandum, Implementation of AF Navigation and Safety Master Plan and Policy
Clarification for GPWS, ADF, and GPS Navigation Systems, 13 March 1997 and FAA TSO
C151b.
A2.10. Ground Collision Avoidance System (GCAS). For Bomber, Fighter/Attack and
Special Operations aircraft, identify any type of GCAS equipment, or if an additional function of
another device, then provide information about the device that generates the warning or pull-up
command, e.g., GCAS, AGCAS, TFR, TAR.
A2.11. Windshear Detection System (WDS). If an additional function of another device, then
provide information about the device that provides detection, e.g., FSAS, MARK VII GPWS.
A2.12. Other Electronic Storage Devices. Identify any other devices that if they survive a
mishap, contain recorded information that could be of use to a mishap investigation. Examples
could be a central computer that stores information on system faults, Head-Up-Display tapes,
Multi-Function Display tapes, Quick Access Recorders, Signal Acquisition Units or a structural
life usage recorder.
150 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 3
MISHAP RESPONSE

A3.1. General. Pre-mishap response planning by safety staffs must address appropriate
participation in all base-level responses, including: (T-2)
A3.1.1. Major mishaps.
A3.1.2. Hazardous materials mishaps.
A3.1.3. Natural disasters.
A3.1.4. Nuclear weapons mishaps.
A3.1.5. Conventional weapons mishaps.
A3.1.6. Directed Energy Weapons mishaps
A3.2. The basic response planning document for Major Accident Response, Natural Disasters,
Enemy Attack, and Distribution is AFI 10-2501, Air Force Emergency Management (EM)
Program Planning and Operations.
A3.3. Emergency Operations Center (EOC). The EOC responds to peacetime major
accidents and natural disasters to provide on-scene command and control of Air Force military
resources and functional expertise. The EOC and its members will meet the requirements in AFI
10-2501.
Note: Ideally, the safety representative to the EOC should not be responsible for assembling the
interim safety board (ISB). (T-2)
A3.4. Safety Response to Other than Major Peacetime Accidents. Some mishaps may not
warrant a full activation of the Disaster Response Force (DRF). However, the safety staff may
need some EOC elements to support investigation of these less severe incidents, such as Combat
Camera or Civil Engineering Specialists. Each safety staff should consult with their supporting
readiness and emergency management flight to determine how to formally provide for partial
EOC support when the full DRF is not activated.
A3.5. Munitions Rapid Response Team. The Air Force Life Cycle Management Center
Munitions Sustainment Division (AFLCMC/EBH) has developed a conventional munitions rapid
response team to support Air Force units throughout the world anytime a munitions incident
occurs. The team includes experts (engineers, equipment specialists, program managers and
safety personnel) from associated conventional munitions programs. These personnel are able to
travel anywhere in the world within 24 to 48 hours to assist in determining the cause of failure. If
your MAJCOM/FOA/DRU or unit has an incident, and this team’s help is desired, contact the
AFLCMC Munitions Operations and Readiness Branch (AFLCMC/EBHM) via the Global
Ammunition Control Point (GACP) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) System at
https://www.my.af.mil/ammoprod/wm/ to request support or by calling DSN 312-777-AMMO
(2666); DSN 312-775-AMMO (2666); Commercial 801-777-AMMO (2666) or 801-775-AMMO
(2666).
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 151

Attachment 4
JOB SAFETY TRAINING OUTLINE (JSTO)

A4.1. Mandatory Items. The items below are mandatory and will be briefed to all personnel.
This Job Safety Training Outline will be used to develop written job safety training information
from which all individuals within the work center will be trained. The following areas will be
discussed in detail by the immediate supervisor with all employees upon initial assignment prior
to starting work or when work conditions or tasks change. Document training as specified in
paragraph 1.8.22.5.2. Deployed and installation commanders may dictate more stringent
requirements. (T-1)
A4.1.1. Hazards of the job and specific safety guidance that applies to their workplace. (T-1)
A4.1.2. Hazards of the work area environment to include, but not limited to, awareness of
identified confined spaces (permitted and unpermitted), recognition of danger and caution
tags, and the Hazard Communication Program requirement, i.e., Employee’s Right to Know.
(T-1)
A4.1.3. Proper personal lifting techniques (Refer to AFI 91-203, Air Force Consolidated
Occupational Safety Instruction). (T-1)
A4.1.4. Location of medical facilities and procedures for obtaining treatment. (T-1)
A4.1.5. Location and use, as appropriate, of emergency and fire protection equipment. (T-1)
A4.1.6. Emergency procedures that apply to the workplace, including evacuation, fire
reporting, emergency numbers, alarm and extinguisher location(s). (T-1)
A4.1.7. Requirements and procedures for reporting mishaps, occupational injury and
occupational illness. (T-1)
A4.1.8. Reporting unsafe equipment, conditions or procedures to supervisor immediately.
(T-1)
A4.1.9. Requirements of Air Force Traffic Safety Program, including mandatory use of seat
belts and helmets, speed limits, local traffic hazards, and personal RM. Additionally, brief
use of electronic devices while operating a GMV/PMV on- or off-base IAW AFI 91-207,
paragraph 3.2. If applicable, discuss motorcycle safety training requirements before riding a
motorcycle. (T-1)
A4.1.10. Purpose and location of AF Form 457, USAF Hazard Report. (T-1)
A4.1.11. Location and content of Air Force Visual Aid (AFVA) 91-209, Air Force
Occupational Safety and Health Program. (T-1)
A4.1.12. Purpose of the AF Form 1118, Notice of Hazard. (T-1)
A4.1.13. CA 10, What a Federal Employee Should do When Injured at Work. (T-1)
A4.1.14. Fetal Protection Program Awareness. Reference: AFI 48-145, Occupational and
Environmental Health Program. Note: Air Force Reserve – AFRCI 41-104, Pregnancy of
Air Force Reserve Personnel. (T-1)
152 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

A4.2. Job Specific Training Items. To be accomplished as required based on job tasks and
documented prior to employee performing task. If a particular training of this type is called for
within a CFETP, then no additional documentation beyond the CFEPT is required. Supervisors
will provide specific training subjects based on the needs of the job and provide application-level
training. Note: Subjects listed below may not be mandatory for every job but dependent upon
the type job/tasks individuals will be performing. (T-2)
A4.2.1. Personal Protective Equipment (use, location, fit, care, limitations). Reference: 29
CFR 1910.132, AFI 91-203, Chapter 14, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and other
directives. (T-2)
A4.2.2. Hazardous Energy Control (Lockout/Tagout). Reference: 29 CFR 1910.147 and AFI
91-203, Chapter 21, Hazardous Energy Control (Lockout and Tagout). (T-2)
A4.2.3. Hazard Communication. Reference: AFI 90-821, Hazard Communication, and 29
CFR 1910.1200. (T-2)
A4.2.4. Bloodborne Pathogens. Reference: 29 CFR 1910.1030. (T-2)
A4.2.5. Hearing Conservation. Reference: AFOSH Standard 48-20, Occupational Noise and
Hearing Conservation Program. (T-2)
A4.2.6. Confined Space Program (Entrant, Attendant, Supervisor, Monitor and Rescue
Team). Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 23, Confined Spaces, and 29 CFR 1910.146. (T-2)
A4.2.7. Manual and Powered Hoist. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 35, Material Handling
Equipment. (T-2)
A4.2.8. Respiratory Protection Program. Use AF Form 2767, Occupational Health Training
and Protective Equipment Fit Testing (LRA). Reference: AFOSH Standard 48-137,
Respiratory Protection Program. (T-2)
A4.2.9. Vehicle Mounted Elevated Work Platforms, Self-Propelled and Manual Platforms.
Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 16, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms. (T-2)
A4.2.10. Fall Arrest System(s). Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 13, Fall Protection, 29
CFR 1910.66 and 29 CFR 1926.503. (T-2)
A4.2.11. Forklift (Material Handling Equipment). Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 35, and
29 CFR 1910.178. (T-2)
A4.2.12. Explosives Safety Training. Reference: AFMAN 91-201, Explosives Safety
Standards, and this instruction. (T-2)
A4.2.13. Pole/Tower Climbing. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 30, Communication
Cable, Antenna and Communication Systems. (T-2)
A4.2.14. Wearing Jewelry in the workplace. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 9, Jewelry,
and applicable technical data. (T-2)
A4.2.15. Portable and fixed ladder safety. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 7, Walking
Surfaces, Guarding Floor and Wall Openings, Fixed Industrial Stairs, and Portable and
Fixed Ladders.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 153

A4.2.16. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Training. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter

1, Introduction. (T-2)
A4.2.17. Flight Line Driving. Reference: AFI 91-203, Chapter 24, Aircraft Flight Line –
Ground Operations and Activities, and other governing directives. (T-2)
A4.2.18. Fetal Protection Program. Job Specific. Reference: AFI 48-145. Note: Air Force
Reserve – AFRCI 41-104, Pregnancy of Air Force Reserve Personnel. (T-2)
A4.2.19. Medical Surveillance Examination (Scheduling, Administration, Reporting and
Follow-up). Reference: AFI 48-145. (T-2)
A4.3. Documentation of Training. Document training as specified in paragraph 1.8.22.5.2.
(T-0)
A4.4. Maintenance and Disposition of Training Documentation Product. Maintain as
prescribed by the records disposition schedule
(https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm), Table & Rule: T 91 - 04 R 24.00 or T
91 - 04 R 25.00. Supervisors will maintain the training documentation as prescribed in paragraph
Attachment 1. 8.22.5. When an individual deploys/transfers to another Air Force
position/location, the training documentation will be transferred physically or electronically to
the new supervisor by the individual. The new supervisor will review the training documentation
product, transfer current training completion dates as necessary and initial Hazardous
Communication (HAZCOM) date and other onetime training to a new training documentation
product if necessary and retain the old product IAW the Air Force Records Disposition Schedule.
The supervisor will destroy the training documentation product one year after personnel are
separated or retired. (T-3)
154 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 5
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)

A5.1. Sequence Of Basic Steps: Break the task down into its basic steps. For example, what is
done first, what is done next? You can do this by: (1) observing the task, (2) discussing it with
workers, (3) using your experience and knowledge of the task, or (4) a combination of all three.
Record the steps in the task in their normal order of occurrence. Describe what is done; not the
details or how it is done. Three or four words are normally enough to describe each task step.
(T-3)
A5.2. Potential Mishap Causes Or Hazards: For each task step, ask yourself what mishap
could happen to workers performing the task and what the probability would be of the mishap
occurring. Get the answers by: (1) observing the task, (2) discussing the task with workers and/or
(3) using “lessons learned” from other mishaps. Ask the questions: (T-3)
A5.2.1. Can workers be struck by or contacted by anything?
A5.2.2. Can they strike against or be exposed to any item that can cause injury?
A5.2.3. Can they be caught in or between anything?
A5.2.4. Can they fall?
A5.2.5. Can they overexert themselves?
A5.2.6. Are they required to do repetitive lifting or heavy lifting?
A5.2.7. Are there potential hazards such as chemical substances, physical agents (including
noise, ergonomic and thermal stress), ionizing and non-ionizing radiation or biological
exposures?
A5.3. Recommended Safe Task Procedure: For each potential mishap cause or hazard
identified, consider the following questions:
A5.3.1. How should workers perform the task step to avoid the mishap or eliminate the
potential hazard?
A5.3.2. What can be done to eliminate or mitigate the hazard by redesigning the work area
or equipment?
A5.3.3. How can the procedure be modified to eliminate the hazard? Note: Be sure to
describe in detail the precautions workers must take and ensure that these steps are placed in
the task procedure or checklist. Take special care to ensure important steps or details are not
inadvertently omitted from the task and that guidance is clear, specific and easily understood
by workers.

Table A5.1. Job Safety Analysis (Worksheet).

JOB: _________________________________________ DATE: ___________________
WORKCENTER: _______________________________ SUPERVISOR: _____________
TITLE OF WORKER WHO PERFORMS TASK: ________________________________
REQUIRED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE): _____________________
ANALYSIS BY: ______________________ REVIEWED BY: ______________________
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 155

1. SEQUENCE OF BASIC 2. POTENTIAL HAZARDS 3. RECOMMENDED

STEPS: OR MISHAP CAUSES: PROCEDURES OR
ACTIONS:
156 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 6
RISK ASSESSMENT CODES (RAC)

Note: This attachment is not for use for Systems Safety processes. Those are addressed in MIL-
STD-882E.
Note: AF Bioenvironmental Engineering will refer to the latest version of DoDI 6055.01, DoD
Safety and Occupational Health (SOH) Program, Appendix to Enclosure 3 – Determining RACs,
to determine appropriate health RACs.
Note: This attachment is not for use to determine Fire Safety Deficiencies. Fire Safety
Deficiencies are addressed in AFI 32-10141, Planning and Programming Fire Safety Deficiency
Correction Projections.
A6.1. Risk Assessment Codes are an expression of the degree of risk associated with a hazard or
occupational deficiency that combines hazard severity and mishap probability into a single
numeric identifier. RACs are tools used by fire, safety and health professionals and commanders
to prioritize abatement plans and mitigate hazards. It may not be possible to assign a RAC to
every hazard or circumstance and the lack of a RAC should not dissuade efforts to mitigate
hazards.
A6.1.1. This instruction describes the basic RACs and provides some guidelines for
assigning priorities based on cost, effectiveness and exposure. The discipline specific
chapters also provide additional guidance for assessing the risks of the applicable hazards.
A6.1.2. Risk Assessment Codes. Only qualified occupational safety, fire protection and
health personnel shall assign a RAC to each hazard after an evaluation of the concern. There
are two methods for calculating RACs. Which method is used depends on what type of
hazard is present. Safety, fire and ergonomic hazards use one calculation method and health-
related hazards use another. (T-2)
A6.2. Safety, fire and ergonomic RACs are determined by plotting the probability (A, B, C or
D) that a mishap will occur and the potential mishap severity (I, II, III or IV) if it does happen
(Table A6.1). Fire safety deficiencies will not be assigned a RAC. Fire safety deficiencies are
addressed in AFI 32-10141, Planning and Programming Fire Safety Deficiency Correction
Projects.
A6.3. Health-related RACs are determined by plotting the health hazard severity and illness
probability categories (Table A6.8).
A6.3.1. Health Hazard Severity Category (HHSC). The HHSC reflects the magnitude of
exposure to a single physical, chemical, or biological agent and the medical effects of
exposure.
A6.3.1.1. Determine the HHSC by totaling the exposure and medical effects points and
use the following table: (T-2)
A6.3.2. Illness Probability Category (IPC). The IPC is a function of the duration of exposure
and the number of exposed personnel.
A6.3.2.1. Determine the IPC for health hazards by totaling the exposure duration and
number of personnel exposed points and use the following guide: (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 157

A6.4. Commanders will consider this RAC system when determining which hazards/
deficiencies warrant the expenditure of limited resources. (T-2)
A6.5. Assigned RACs will continue to be tracked in the installation hazard abatement plan until
completely abated even when interim control measures are in place. (T-2)

Table A6.1. Safety and Ergonomic Hazard Risk Assessment Code Matrix.
Hazard Severity Mishap Probability
A B C D
Description Code Likely to Probably Possible Unlikel
occur will occur to occur y to
immediately in time in time occur
Death, permanent 1 1 2 4
total disability, or I
Critical/Imminent Critical/Imminen Serious Minor
loss of facility or t
asset of
$2,000,000 or
more
Permanent partial 1 2 3 4
disability or II
Critical/Imminent Serious Moderate Minor
major property
damage of
$500,000 up to
$2,000,000
Lost workday 2 3 4 5
injury or III
Serious Moderate Minor Negligible
compensable
injury, or minor
property
damage
$50,000
Injury up
involving to
$500,000
first aid or minor
supportive medical IV 4 4 5 5
treatment, a Minor Minor Negligible Negligible
minimal threat to
personnel or
property (damage up
to $50,000), or a
violation of a
standard
Table A6.2. Exposure Points.
Exposure Conditions
Alternate < Action Level Occasionally > > Action Level: > OEEL
Route Action Level; < OEEL
Exposure? Always >
Occupational
and
Environmental
Exposure Limit
158 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

(OEEL)
No 0 3 5 7
Yes 2 4 6 9

Table A6.3. Medical Effects Points.

Exposure Conditions
Alternate < Action Level Occasionally > > Action > OEEL
Route Action Level; Level: <
Exposure? Always > OEEL
Occupational
and
Environmental
Exposure Limit
(OEEL)
No 0 3 5 7
Yes 2 4 6 9

Table A6.4. Health Hazard Severity Category (HHSC).

Sum of Exposure and Medical HHSC
Effects points
13-17 I
9-12 II
5-8 III
0-4 IV

Table A6.5. Duration of Exposure Points.

Exposure Duration
Type of Exposure 1-8 >8 hours/week, not Continuous
hours/week continuous
Irregular, Intermittent with low 1 4 --
probability
Irregular, Intermittent with high 2 6 --
probability
Regular, Periodic with low 2 5 8
probability
Regular, Periodic with high 3 7 8
probability

Table A6.6. Number of Exposed Personnel Points.

Number of workers in the
similar exposure group (SEG) Exposure Personnel Points
who perform the process(es)
that produce the hazard
1-2 1
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 159

3-4 2
5-6 3
7-9 4
10-29 5
30-49 6
49-100 7
>100 8

Table A6.7. Illness Probability Category (IPC).

Sum Exposure Duration and IPC
Exposed Personnel Points
14-16 A
10-13 B
5-9 C
0-4 D

Table A6.8. Health-Related RAC Matrix.

IPC
HHSC A B C D
I 1 1 2 3
II 1 2 3 4
III 2 3 4 5
IV 3 4 5 5
160 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 7
ABATEMENT PRIORITY NUMBER

A7.1. The abatement priority number (APN) is a two-part code: the RAC and the cost
effectiveness index (CEI). CEI measures cost effectiveness of a hazard abatement project and
represents a ratio of the project cost and its potential effectiveness. The APN will be used to
determine the relative priority of abatement actions. Use the APN in establishing funding
priorities for hazard abatement projects during the budgetary cycle. Compute APN: (T-2)
A7.1.1. Step 1. Determine RAC from Table A6.1, based on mishap severity and probability
of occurrence.
A7.1.2. Step 2. Determine the severity probability multiplier (M) from the matrix in Table
A7.1, using the same severity and probability used to determine the RAC.

Table A7.1. Severity and Probability Multiplier Matrix.

Note: The multipliers in table represent a proportional distribution of the severity and frequency
of mishaps.
A7.1.3. Step 3. Determine exposure (E), or the average number of personnel exposed daily
to the hazard during the course of the year.
A7.1.4. Step 4. Determine the total abatement project cost (C). If actual costs are not known,
use best available estimate.
A7.1.5. Step 5. Compute the CEI by dividing the C for abatement by the product of M and
E, or CEI = C/ (M) (E).
A7.1.6. Step 6. Determine APN by listing the RAC followed by the CEI in parenthesis, or
APN = RAC (CEI).
A7.1.7. Step 7. Determine relative priority of abatement projects by comparing the CEI of
projects within identical RACs. Note: The lower the CEI, the higher its relative priority
within the same RAC.
A7.2. To use APNs to establish a priority list of projects, follow these steps: (T-2)
A7.2.1. Step 1. Determine RAC. Assumptions: Given a hazard that will probably occur in
time (Probability B) and would result in a permanent partial disabling injury (Severity II) if it
resulted in a mishap. Therefore, the assigned RAC from Table A6.1 would be 2.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 161

A7.2.2. Step 2. Determine multiplier (M). Plot mishap probability (B) versus hazard severity
(II) on Table A7.1 to obtain a multiplier of 21.
A7.2.3. Step 3. Determine exposure (E). Assumption: The functional manager or supervisor
determined that on an average day 25 people are exposed to the hazard.
A7.2.4. Step 4. Determine the total cost of project (C). Example: The total cost of the project
to abate the hazard as provided to the functional manager by Civil Engineering is $2,100.
A7.2.5. Step 5. Determine CEI. CEI = C/ (M) (E); (M) (E) = 21x25, therefore CEI = 2100/
(21) (25) = 4.
A7.2.6. Step 6. Determine APN. APN will be (RAC) (CEI) = (2) (4).
A7.2.7. Step 7. Determine relative priority. The APN will now be used to prioritize this
project in relation to other RAC 2s for which APNs have been computed. A hypothetical
priority listing containing this project is shown in table A7.2.

Table A7.2. Abatement Priority Number Index.

RAC CEI APN Priority
1 (3) 1(3) 1
1 (113) 1(113) 2
2 (4) 2(4) 3
2 (15) 2(15) 4
3 (11) 3(11) 5
3 (96) 3(96) 6
Note: The APN system is not used to compare projects of two different RACs.
162 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 8
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING AF FORM 1118, NOTICE OF HAZARD

A8.1. AF Form 1118. Qualified occupational safety, fire protection, and health (BE, PH, flight
surgeon and (or) occupational medicine physician) officials are the sole issuing authorities for
AF Form 1118.
A8.2. Control Number. The control number for the AF Form 1118 will be the agency code (S,
F, H), date of hazard identification, and sequential number, e.g., S-20061201-1. The numbering
system will coincide with the corresponding Hazard Abatement Plan (AF Form 3). (T-2)
A8.3. Location. Note the building number, room number and function involved where the
hazard is located, and nomenclature of the hazardous item or procedure, e.g., Building 18, Room
217, Civil Engineering Carpenter Shop, Table Saw. (T-2)
A8.4. Hazardous Condition. Describe in detail the nature of the hazard, including a reference
to the standard or requirement violated, if any. (T-2)
A8.5. Risk Assessment Code. List RAC, followed by RAC description, e.g., "1 (Imminent
Danger)." (T-2)
A8.6. Interim Control Measures. Identify temporary measures needed to reduce the degree of
risk associated with the hazard to an "acceptable degree” until permanent corrective actions are
implemented. Assigned RAC will remain until completely abated even though interim control
measures are in effect. (T-2)
A8.7. Permanent Corrective Action. List the action that will permanently eliminate the
identified hazard. Include associated document number, e.g., install new exhaust system; CE
work order and project number. (T-2)
A8.8. Contact Point. Name, grade, office symbol and telephone number of individual
responsible for elimination of the hazard. (T-2)
A8.9. Estimated Completion Date. Self-explanatory. (T-2)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 163

Attachment 9
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING AF FORM 3, HAZARD ABATEMENT PLAN

A9.1. The AF Form 3 is for an identified RAC 1, 2, or 3 hazard requiring more than 30 calendar
days to abate. The form then becomes part of the installation’s formal master hazard abatement
plan. This does not prevent its use for RAC 4 or 5 hazards or deficiencies. Electronic systems
that collect identical data and can produce a hard copy of AF Form 3 may be used. (T-2)
A9.2. Prepare a separate AF Form 3 for each individual hazard. (T-2)
A9.3. The commander or functional manager ensures AF Form 3, Parts I and II, are completed
in as much detail as possible and then sent to the appropriate installation safety, fire protection or
health office: (T-2)
A9.3.1. Part I—Hazard Information:
A9.3.1.1. Item 1 – Type of Hazard. Select the type hazard from the drop-down menu.
Indicate whether the hazard is part of a facility, property, traffic, etc.
A9.3.1.2. Item 2 – Category. Select appropriate category from the drop-down menu:
Safety, Fire or Health.
A9.3.1.3. Item 3 – Control Number. The control number is issued by the installation
safety office, leave blank unless provided by the safety office.
A9.3.1.4. Item 4 – Date. Use the drop-down calendar to select the date this form was
initiated.
A9.3.1.5. Item 5 – Date Hazard Discovered. Use the drop-down calendar to select the
date this hazard was discovered.
A9.3.1.6. Item 6 – Risk Assessment Code (RAC). Use the drop –down menu and select
appropriate RAC (i.e., 1 (I, A), 3 (II, C), etc.) as provided by safety, fire or health
officials.
A9.3.1.7. Item 7 – Discovery Method. Use the drop-down menu to select method
indicating how the hazard was originally identified.
A9.3.1.8. Item 8 – Exposure. Enter the average number of personnel exposed to the
hazard daily.
A9.3.1.9. Item 9 – Description of Hazard. Provide a word description of the hazard to
illustrate its potential impact if not abated. This includes the condition, procedure or
practice that creates a potential for producing death, injury, illness, fire, property,
equipment or environmental damage.
A9.3.1.10. Item 10 – Organization. List the organization responsible for the hazard
abatement.
A9.3.1.11. Item 11 – Office Symbol. Self-explanatory.
A9.3.1.12. Item 12 – Facility Number. Enter facility number, leave blank if not in a
facility.
164 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

A9.3.1.13. Item 13 – Specific Location/Description. Provide additional descriptor, i.e.,

NE corner, etc.
A9.3.1.14. Item 14 – Functional Manager/POC Name. Last, First, Middle Initial. See
Attachment 1, Terms, for definition.
A9.3.1.15. Item 15 – Grade/Rank. Enter the appropriate Grade/Rank.
A9.3.1.16. Item 16 – Duty Phone.
A9.3.1.17. Item 17 – Signature. Select electronic signature.
A9.3.2. Part II—Abatement Information:
A9.3.2.1. Item 18 – Interim Control Measures. List all temporary measures taken to
reduce the risk associated with the hazard pending completion of permanent abatement
action (i.e., issuance of specific PPE, termination of operations, specific work-around
procedures, etc.)
A9.3.2.2. Item 19 – Residual RAC Level. Select the Residual RAC Level after Interim
Control Measures are applied to the hazard. Note: Interim controls do not reduce
original RAC level. The Residual RAC level must be a RAC 4, 5 or lower.
A9.3.2.3. Item 20 – Description of Permanent Abatement Action. Provide a description
of the permanent abatement action taken or programmed to eliminate or reduce the
hazard.
A9.3.2.4. Item 21 – Method of Abatement. Select from the drop-down menu to method
used to abate the hazard, e.g., CE Work Order, Local Purchase, military construction
(MILCON) project, etc.
A9.3.2.5. Item 22 – Project/Work Order number. Self-explanatory.
A9.3.2.6. Item 23 – Status of Project/Work Order #. Using the drop-down menu, enter
the status of the abatement project, i.e., awaiting materials, under construction, in design,
in review, unfunded, etc.
A9.3.2.7. Item 24 – Project Cost. Indicate total cost associated with project identified in
Item 22. If actual costs are not known, use best available estimate.
A9.3.2.8. Item 25 – Abatement Cost (if different from project cost). If the cost to abate
the hazard is not the total cost of the project, enter only the cost associated with
correction of the hazard. For example, a $500,000 facility renovation project will correct
hazardous electrical wiring estimated to cost $25,000. Item 24 would show $500,000 and
Item 25 would show $25,000. If actual costs are not known, use best available estimate.
A9.3.2.9. Item 26 – Estimated Date of Completion. Use the drop-down calendar to select
the projected date of completion.
A9.3.3. Part III—For Safety/Fire/Health Use:
A9.3.3.1. Item 27 – Severity. Use Table A7.1.
A9.3.3.2. Item 28 – Probability. Use Table A7.1.
A9.3.3.3. Item 29 – Multiplier. Use Table A7.1.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 165

A9.3.3.4. Item 30 – Exposure. Same as Item 8.

A9.3.3.5. Item 31 – Cost. Abatement Cost. Same as Item 25.
A9.3.3.6. Item 32 – RAC. Same as Item 6.
A9.3.3.7. Item 33 – Cost Effectiveness Index (CEI). See A7.1.5.
A9.3.3.8. Item 34 – Abatement Priority Number (APN). See A7.2.
A9.3.4. Part IV—Semi-Annual Review Records:
A9.3.4.1. Item 35 – Status of Project/Work Order #. Use drop-down to select the current
status of the project (i.e., awaiting materials, under construction, in design, in review,
unfunded, etc.).
A9.3.4.2. Item 36 – Comments Regarding Progress. Enter any comments regarding
progress of abatement actions.
A9.3.4.3. Item 37 – Date.
A9.3.4.4. Item 38 – Functional Manager/POC Name. Last, First, Middle Initial.
A9.3.4.5. Item 39 - Grade/Rank. Enter the appropriate Grade/Rank.
A9.3.4.6. Item 40 – Duty Phone.
A9.3.4.7. Item 41 – Signature. Select electronic signature.
A9.3.4.8. Item 42 – Other Related Notes. Use this area to add any additional comments
regarding the status of the hazard abatement process.
A9.3.5. Part V—Hazard Closure:
A9.3.5.1. Item 43 – Hazard Closed and Verified By: Enter name of qualified safety, fire
or health official that verified hazard is fully abated. Last, First, Middle Initial and Office
Symbol.
A9.3.5.2. Item 44 – Grade/Rank. Enter the appropriate Grade/Rank.
A9.3.5.3. Item 45 – Signature. Select electronic signature.
A9.3.5.4. Item 46 – Date Hazard Fully Abated. Use drop-down calendar to select
completion date.
166 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 10
PRE-DEPARTURE TRAVEL SAFETY (EXAMPLES ONLY)

A10.1. Purpose. The Pre-Departure Travel Safety Program is a recommended management tool
for commanders and supervisors. It helps military and civilian employees on orders, especially
those under the age of 26, reduce the potential for a traffic mishap by identifying and mitigating
risks involving travel by private motor vehicle for leave, PCS and temporary duty assignments.
A10.2. Overview. Commanders, managers and supervisors will help guide and mentor
employees in applying personal RM when planning for a trip. Consider the following factors to
guide the discussion on assessing risk and identifying mitigating strategies, but also consider and
address other factors based on the unique nature of each situation. This interactive briefing may
be documented on AF Form 4392, Pre-Departure Safety Briefing Form. Another tool for
commanders and supervisors to consider is use of the Travel Risk Planning System (TRiPS)
program to assist in travel planning for all personnel. TRiPS is accessed through the Air Force
portal (https://trips.safety.army.mil/).
A10.2.1. Urge the driver to carefully and thoroughly plan the trip, allowing time for rest
prior to departure and to take a break at least every two hours.
A10.2.2. Travelers are not to drive more than 10 hours during any 24-hour period.
Motorcyclists are highly encouraged to travel fewer hours. Highly recommend that travelers
get a good night’s sleep (7-8 hours) while traveling.
A10.2.3. Airmen must ensure they have sufficient funds available to cover expenses (a
shortage of funds often leads to exhausting, marathon driving). (T-3)
A10.2.4. Travelers must check the weather forecast and road conditions for the intended
route of travel. (T-3)
A10.2.5. Discourage driving during late night hours. Remind the traveler that there is a
greater chance to encounter impaired (intoxicated, fatigued) drivers on the road at night than
during the day.
A10.2.6. Stress the value of occupant restraint devices (mandatory for military personnel),
including child restraints and the use of helmets and personal protective equipment by
motorcyclists; review the hazard of reduced visibility due to factors such as darkness,
weather, sun glare; and touch on the issue of being alert for road hazards such as animals
crossing the roadway, stalled or slow-moving vehicles, and so forth.
A10.2.7. Stress the importance of vehicle condition — vehicle defects also contribute to
mishaps.
A10.2.8. Discuss the main causes of injury and death by vehicle mishaps in the Air Force,
which include speeding or excessive speed for conditions, fatigue, inattention or distraction,
not wearing seatbelts and the effects of medication and alcohol.
A10.3. Additional Information. Advise the member to contact their unit commander, first
sergeant, flight commander, immediate supervisor or command post in the event of a mishap or
if an emergency situation arises. Ensure the individual is provided the phone numbers of the
points of contact.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 167

Attachment 11
AIR FORCE OFF-DUTY HIGH-RISK ACTIVITIES PROGRAM

A11.1. Purpose. The Off-duty High Risk Activity (HRA) Program is a recommended
management tool for commanders and supervisors. The intent of the program is to ensure
participants are familiar with the hazards and injury potential associated with their particular
activity. This program is intended for military personnel only.
A11.2. High-Risk Activities. These are activities having a higher potential for personal injury
due to the level of competition, speed, risk or skills needed and requiring greater agility, stamina
and dexterity. Some examples of high-risk activities are flying civil aircraft, hang gliding,
skydiving, parasailing, white-water rafting, motorcycle and auto racing, scuba diving, bungee
jumping, bronco and bull riding, and extreme sports or any activity identified by the commander.
Note: MAJCOM/FOA/DRU can determine within the command what are considered high risk
activities.
A11.3. Commander’s/Supervisor’s Responsibility. Commanders or supervisors will ensure
all personnel are briefed about the HRA program regardless of their participation in high-risk
activities. Each individual should be surveyed and if it is determined they are actively engaged or
about to engage in an HRA they should meet one on one with their commander or supervisor.
Ideally implemented, a HRA interview is not a briefing. It is for the purpose determining the
mental and physical readiness, and situational awareness preparedness of participants before the
HRA occurs. The interviewer can discuss with the interviewee the risks of the activities and
ascertain some idea of the likelihood that the participant can enjoy the activity without an
unacceptable level of risk. Through this process the interviewer can determine such things as
level of experience, knowledge of PPE requirements, physical safety aspects of the area of
participation, level of supervision or oversight by qualified professional staffs or officials, rules
or recommended practices of professional organizations, and so on. It is also a chance to discuss
the mental and physical preparedness of the participant. If interviewers determine participants
are not adequately trained or are inexperienced, they should encourage participants to seek
additional training through a nationally recognized institute before participating in the activity.
(T-3)
A11.4. Individual Responsibility. Individuals planning to engage in high-risk activities such as
those described in paragraph A11.2, will be encouraged to inform his or her immediate
supervisor, and schedule an interview their supervisor, squadron commander or designee. The
individual engaging in a high-risk activity is responsible for applying sound RM practices to
avoid jeopardizing life or limbs and their ability to perform their Air Force duties. (T-3)
A11.5. Documentation. AF Form 4391, High-Risk Activities Worksheet, may be used to
document the briefing, completed by the squadron commander, individual’s supervisor, safety
officer or training manager.
168 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 12
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING COURSES

Table A12.1. Continuing Career Safety Professional Development (Recommended Safety

Courses).
Course Subjects - Topics
Occupational Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry
Occupational Safety & Health Standards for the General Industry
Occupational Safety and Health for Other Federal Agencies
Introduction to Industrial Hygiene for Safety Personnel
Principles of Ergonomics Applied to Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Life Safety
National Electric Code (NEC) Electrical Standards
Collateral Duty Course for other Federal Agencies
Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout-Tagout)
Machinery and Machine Guarding Standards
Hazard Evaluation and Risk Assessment
Permit-Required Confined Space Entry
OSHA Recordkeeping and Inspections
Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control
Environmental Compliance Assessment
Disaster Site Worker Train-the-Trainer
Evacuation and Emergency Planning
Hazardous Waste Management
Scaffolding, Cranes, and Rigging
Excavation and Trenching
Traffic Control Technician
Health Hazard Awareness
Respiratory Protection
Fall Arrest Systems
Voluntary Protection Programs
Risk Management
System Safety Course
Other (may include management, writing and other courses designed to improve safety
professional management and/or technical skills)

Table A12.2. Continuing Career Safety Professional Development (AFSEC Courses

Awarding Continuing Education Units).
Course CEUs
Aircraft Mishap Investigation Course (AMIC) 10.5
Aviation Safety Program Management (ASPM) 3.5
Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation (MINA) 7.0
Safety Managers Course (SMC) 3.5
Introduction to Mishap Investigation (IMI) 3.5
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 169

Risk Management Application and Integration (RM A&I) 2.1

Board President Course (BPC) 2.1
Chief of Safety (COS) 2.8
Air Reserve Component Chief of Safety (ARCCoS) 2.8
ACC Ground Safety Program Management Course (GSPMC) 3.3
Human Factors (HF) 2.0
170 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 13
SAFETY EDUCATION AND TRAINING

A13.1. Safety Training. Air Force Catalog (AFCAT), USAF Formal Schools found at the
following website https://etca.randolph.af.mil (formerly AFCAT 36-2223), outlines specific
safety-related courses (those listed below with a number designation). Refer to the AFCAT for
full course descriptions and prerequisites. Training in System Safety (CLE 009) is available from
Defense Acquisition University (http://www.dau.mil). Organizations responsible for course
management are indicated in parenthesis.
A13.2. Mishap Investigation.
A13.2.1. Safety and Accident Investigation Board President Course (BPC), AFSC810 (HQ
AFSEC).
A13.2.2. Aircraft Mishap Investigation Course (AMIC), WCIP05A (HQ AFSEC).
A13.2.3. Mishap Investigation Non-Aviation (MINA) Course, WCIP059 (HQ AFSEC).
A13.2.4. Aircraft Mishap Investigation and Prevention (AMIP) Clinical Psychologist,
B3OZY42P3 003, (AFMC).
A13.2.5. Aircraft Mishap Investigation and Prevention (AMIP) Aerospace Physiologist,
B3OZY43A 003, (AFMC).
A13.2.6. Aircraft Mishap Investigation and Prevention (AMIP) USAF Medical Investigator
(Flight Surgeon), B3OZY48G3 003, (AFMC).
A13.2.7. Aircraft Mishap Investigation and Prevention (AMIP) Non-USAF Medical
Investigator (Flight Surgeon or other physician), B3OZY48G3 010 (AFMC).
A13.2.8. Life Sciences Equipment Investigation Course (LSEIC), J3AZR1P071 0L1A,
(AETC).
A13.3. Unit Safety Representatives (USR). Developed by AFSEC/SEG or
MAJCOM/DRU/FOA, supplemented to include MAJCOM/DRU/FOA/local unique
requirements.
A13.4. Aviation:
A13.4.1. Flight Safety NCO (FS NCO), L3AZR1S071-0S5A (AETC).
A13.4.2. Security Assistance Training Program (International) Flight Safety Officer Course
(IFSO), WCIP05U (HQ AFSEC).
A13.4.3. Air Combat Command (ACC) Flight Safety Program Management Course,
3J5ACC1XXXX 000.
A13.4.4. DCMA Aviation Safety Officer Course, ASO.
A13.4.5. Air Reserve Component Chief of Safety Course ARCCOS
A13.5. Ground:
A13.5.1. Safety Apprentice, L3ALR1S031 0S2B (AETC).
A13.5.2. Safety Craftsman, L3ACR1S071 0S2B (AETC).
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 171

A13.5.3. OSHA Training Institute (OTI) (AFSEC).

A13.5.4. National Safety Council (NSC) Safety Training Institute (AFSEC), Refer to OSHA
Training Institute catalog.
A13.5.5. Advanced Occupational Safety (AFSEC), Refer to NSC Safety Training Institute
course catalog.
A13.5.6. Radiation Safety Officer Course, B6OZW43EXA-0A1A.
A13.5.7. Air Combat Command Ground Safety Program Management Course,
3J5ACC1SOX1 000
A13.6. Weapons:
A13.6.1. Weapons Safety Management Course , L3AZR2W071 0C2A. (AETC)
A13.6.2. ACC Weapons Safety Program Management Course, 3J5ACC2W0X1 000.
A13.6.3. Lightning Protection for Air Force Facilities (AMMO-47 OS), J5AZB3E051 00AA
A13.7. Space: Space Systems Safety Course (AFSPC/SMC).
A13.8. Management:
A13.8.1. Chief of Safety (COS) Course, WCIP05B. (AFSEC)
A13.8.2. Safety Manager Course (SMC), WCIP05D. (AFSEC)
A13.9. Risk Management (RM):
A13.9.1. AF RM Fundamentals Course (ADLS – under Misc Courses).
A13.9.2. AF RM Application and Integration Course (RM A&I), WCIP 05E (PDS Code
WEI; AFSEC-on site).
A13.10. Other:
A13.10.1. Operational Safety, Suitability and Effectiveness (OSS & E) WSYS155 (AFIT).
A13.10.2. Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH) Compliance
Assessments, WENV020 (AFIT).
A13.10.3. Course 8, Supervisor Safety Training (SST), ZZ132012, (HQ AFSEC/SEG).
A13.10.4. ACC Aircrew Flight Equipment Program Manager’s Course, 3J5ACC1P0X1 000.
172 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 14
1S0X1 RETRAINEE EVALUATION PROCESS

A14.1. The local Occupational Safety Manager (OSM) or designated representative will act as
initial Evaluating Agent for retraining applicants. (T-3)
A14.2. The Evaluating Agent will: (T-3)
A14.2.1. Ask the applicant’s immediate supervisor to appraise his or her work performance,
attitude and overall character.
A14.2.2. Provide applicant a briefing on Safety programs and responsibilities. Discuss the
safety career field and answer any questions. Determine if applicant has problems which
would preclude working nights, holidays, standby, TDY, overseas assignments or
deployments. Also, problems with prolonged standing or walking or other medical problems
which would affect work performance.
A14.2.3. Establish and document an observation period for all applicants under
consideration for retraining. The applicant must complete a 10 duty-day assessment period
with the local Safety office before the Evaluating Agent can make a recommendation. (T-3)
A14.2.4. Provide meaningful, structured activities which assist in assessing the applicant’s
suitability for the Safety career field. The activities will consist of:
A14.2.4.1. Assessment of applicant’s communication skills: Abilities to write and speak
clearly and distinctly.
A14.2.4.1.1. Applicant will write a memorandum stating their reasons for wanting to
retrain into the career field. Memorandum will include strengths, areas for
improvement and what the applicant can contribute to improve the safety program.
(T-3)
A14.2.4.1.2. Applicant will instruct/lead some portion of a safety class, i.e., Course
II, Course IIIB, SST, FTAC. (T-3)
A14.2.4.2. Introduction to inspection/spot inspection process.
A14.2.4.2.1. Applicant will review annual reports, conduct follow up for the open
write-ups AND conduct spot inspections. (T-3)
A14.2.4.3. Familiarization to Flight line/maintenance/industrial areas.
A14.2.4.3.1. Applicant will visit flight line/maintenance/industrial areas as deemed
appropriate by the Evaluating agent. Note: This may be incorporated into paragraph
A14.2.4.2.1. (T-3)
A14.2.4.4. Introduction to mishap investigation.
A14.2.4.4.1. Applicant will partake in the investigation and processing of a mishap.
Preferably a real mishap, but a training scenario may be used. This includes an
AFSAS familiarization session, reviewing mishap findings to establish causal factors
and a mishap summary/out-brief to the Chief of Safety. Note: This activity will
include briefing applicant on what to expect at a mishap scene. (T-3)
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 173

A14.2.4.5. Introduction to Hazard Abatement Program.

A14.2.4.5.1. Applicant will assign a Risk Assessment Code to a hazard (actual or
simulated) based on an assessment of the mishap potential and its severity. Applicant
will also process AF Forms 457, USAF Hazard Report, and 1118, Notice of Hazard.
(T-3)
A14.2.5. Provide the servicing FSS with a memorandum summarizing the following areas
based on research and structured activities:
A14.2.5.1. Approval/Disapproval of applicant’s request for retraining. A14.2.5.2.
Assessment of applicant’s structured activities.
A14.2.5.2. Assessment of applicant’s communication skills, both written and verbal.
A14.2.5.3. Overall assessment of the appearance, moral standards, military conduct and
bearing.
A14.2.6. Complete the Safety 101 CBT.

Figure A14.1. 1S0 Safety Retraining Memorandum (Example).

MEMORANDUM FOR FROM:
SUBJECT: 1S0 Safety Retraining Memorandum
1. I approve/disapprove
2. Applicant:
(Applicant’s Rank and name) request for retraining.
a. (Did/did not) complete the 10 duty-day assessment period.
b. (Has/does not have) ability to communicate: write, and speak clearly and distinctly.
c. (Has/does not have) ability to meet the needs of the Safety career field.
d. (Has/does not have) appearance, moral standards, military conduct and bearing to meet the
needs of the Safety career field.
Explain:
3. I interviewed applicant’s immediate supervisor and foresee no problems OR have reason for
concern. Explain:
4. Applicant received a briefing on Safety programs and responsibilities and has/has no problems
which would preclude working nights, holidays, standby, TDY, overseas assignments or
deployments.
Explain:
5. If you have questions please contact me at DSN: xxx-xxxx.
SIGNATURE BLOCK
174 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 15
PREPARATION OF RISK ASSESSMENTS

A15.1. Risk Assessment. A risk assessment succinctly documents the results of several steps in
the risk management process and supports follow-on decision-making processes (reference AFI
90-802, Risk Management, AFPAM 90-803, Risk Management Guidelines and Tools, and AF
Form 4437, Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet). Decision options typically involve
determining whether one or more particular courses of action should be pursued (e.g.,
implementing equipment improvements, safety or warning device improvements, operational
improvements, technical improvements, policy improvements), or whether a risk should be
accepted. A risk assessment supports decision-making processes by objectively identifying a
hazard, assessing its risk, thoroughly analyzing potential options for risk mitigation and making a
recommendation. Note: The term “losses,” also include fatalities, not just system losses. A
suggested risk assessment is show in Figure A15.1 below.

Figure A15.1. Sample Risk Assessment Layout.

Risk Assessment Title
Background: Broadly describe the situation being evaluated. Provide sufficient detail so the
remainder of the risk assessment may be easily understood.
Hazard Identification: Hazards are defined as any real or potential condition that can cause
mission degradation, illness or injury to personnel or damage to or loss of equipment or property.
Accurately and succinctly describe the hazard (e.g., deficiency with engineering design, material,
quality, software, operations, maintenance) being analyzed.
Initial Risk: The first assessment of the potential risk associated with an identified hazard. Risk
is the probability and severity of loss from exposure to the hazard. Risk assessment is the
application of qualitative and quantitative measures to determine the level of risk associated with
the identified hazard. Identify the probability and severity of a mishap that could result from the
hazard, based upon the exposure of personnel or assets to the identified hazard. Use the baseline
or “as designed” state as the basis for determining the initial risk. Fully explain the methodology
used, data considered (e.g., reported mishaps/events, deficiency reports, test results, etc) and
rationale for determining the baseline for measuring risk.
Interim Risk: Many times initial mitigation steps have already been taken prior to the
completion of a written risk assessment. These steps may include permanent risk mitigation
measures or temporary stop-gap risk mitigation measures. Describe these measures and explain
how the baseline risk is being mitigated, their effectiveness and the resulting interim risk until
final risk mitigating options can be implemented.
Risk Mitigation Options: It is likely several options still exist to mitigate the risk of the
identified hazard. Effective control measures reduce or eliminate one of the three components
(i.e., probability, severity or exposure) of risk. Investigate specific strategies and tools that
reduce, mitigate or eliminate risk. Address each risk mitigation option separately. One option to
always consider is “taking no further action” which is the equivalent of accepting the baseline
risk and acknowledging and accepting expected future losses. For each option, including
accepting the baseline risk, address:
Description: Describe the option being evaluated.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 175

Impact: Describe the impact of this option. What are its benefits; limitations? Address its
effectiveness and explain how it will eliminate or control future losses. Does it address other
hazards/problems or introduce new ones?
Cost: Estimate the costs (i.e., financial, operational, maintenance) to implement this option.
Schedule: Estimate schedule implement this option.
Target Risk: Describe the risk level the PM intends to achieve by implementing mitigation
measures.
Residual Risk: This is the risk that remains after all mitigations have been implemented.
Residual risk may be above, below, or the same as the target risk. Great risk mitigation options
eliminate hazards and their risk entirely; others only reduce the risk. Assuming this risk
mitigation option is implemented; identify the probability and severity of a mishap that could
result from the hazard based upon the exposure of personnel or assets to the identified hazard.
Fully explain the methodology used (including analytical assumptions and limitations), data
considered, and rationale for determining the residual risk.
Expected Future Losses: Estimate the expected losses with implementation of this option.
Express losses over a period of time, a number of events or for a given population. Fully explain
the methodology used, data considered and rationale for determining these expected losses.
Summary of Options: If the number of risk mitigation options is lengthy, a tabular summary
may be appropriate. Include, as necessary.
Recommendation: State the recommended courses of action, including rationale.
176 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 16
SAFETY RELEASE

A16.1. Requirement.
A16.1.1. The PM shall provide a safety release for the system prior to each developmental
and operational test involving personnel. (T-3) The safety release must identify the hazards
involved in the test and their formal risk acceptance. (T-3) A Safety Release provides the
Test and Evaluation community the known system-related Environment, Safety and
Occupational Health (ESOH) hazards prior to exposing people, equipment or the
environment. The safety release must transmit system ESOH hazard data to the operators,
maintainers, trainers and testers. (T-3) Test organizations use the safety release and other
relevant data, documents and expertise to assess, further mitigate and accept test risks as
appropriate. Refer to the Defense Acquisition Guidebook, DoDI 5000.02, MIL-STD-882E,
and AFMAN 63-119 for additional information. As a minimum, the safety release will
contain: (T-1)
A16.1.1.1. Known hazards and mitigation actions/measures identified and tracked by the
program office (e.g., master hazard list, Safety Assessment Report, SSG tracked hazards,
previous test identified hazards, airworthiness analysis/certificates).
A16.1.1.2. A cover letter or equivalent by the PM stating the item/system is safe to test
given known hazards and mitigating measures, signed by the appropriate acquisition risk
acceptance authority (A16.1.2).
A16.1.2. The PM shall document that the associated risks have been accepted by the
appropriate acquisition acceptance authorities as specified in DoDI 5000.02. (T-2) The user
representative shall be part of this process throughout the life cycle and shall provide formal
concurrence prior to all serious- and high-risk acceptance decisions. (T-2)
A16.2. Format.
A16.2.1. The AFSEC recommended format for a safety release is provided in Figure A16.1.

Figure A16.1. Safety Release Letter (Example).

MEMORANDUM FOR [Test Organization(s)] [Date] FROM: [Organization/Office Symbol]
[Organizational Address]
SUBJECT: [Program Name] [Specific Activity, (e.g., RDT&E, FDE, OA, OT&E)] Safety
Release
Ref: DoDI 5000.02, Operations of Defense Acquisition Systems [include any system safety and
programmatic documentation (e.g., SSHA, SAR, PESHE) used to prepare this document]
1. Purpose. [State the purpose of the program, services involved, which service has lead, which
office has been designated at the system’s Acquisition Program Office lead. State what time
frame/operations/testing this safety release will cover.]
2. System Description. [Give a brief system description with the name, type, model
number/designation, software version and the system mission (as applicable). Indicate how the
system/materiel works and/or how it will be used/worn/operated.]
3. Discussion. [Discuss sources of data and summarize the open, mitigated and unmitigated
ESOH hazards affecting this safety release. Provide the resultant risk level of those hazards.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 177

Provide which user representative(s) are/were a part of this process and have/will provide formal
concurrence prior to all serious- and high-risk acceptance decisions.]
4. Conclusions/Recommendations. [Indicate whether the system is safe for testing and whether
or not there are any exceptions that need to be detailed. Highlight any known safety problems
requiring additional investigation during test. List any technical or operational limitations or
precautions needed to prevent injury or equipment/property/environmental damage.] [Org/office]
must be immediately notified of any safety related anomalies regarding the use of the system
under test. (T-2)
5. Point of Contact (POC). The POC is [Program Manager (and System Safety Manager, as
required), office symbol(s), DSN and Commercial phone numbers, e-mail address(es).]
[Signature]
[Signature block of appropriate risk acceptance authority (see paragraph A16.1.2
above)] [Number of attachments] Attachments
1. [List of the appropriate attachments/documents used to support this safety release] Distro:
[List the organizations/office symbols of the user representatives and testing organizations which
will require/coordinate this safety release] (T-2)
AFSEC/[XX]
AFOTEC/SE [or MAJCOM/SE, if an FDE]
AFMC/SES [LDTO]
[User]
178 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

Attachment 17
ANNUAL PROGRAM MANAGEMENT REVIEW (APMR)

A17.1. Annually reviewing safety programs and analyzing results is essential to successful
execution of the mishap prevention program under the Safety Management System (SMS)
construct. It allows MAJCOM and below safety staff to identify areas for continual
improvement, correct identified weaknesses and prioritize factors related to implementation. This
analysis and resulting adjustments to the safety program should improve the program processes
and procedures, reduce risk exposure, and consequently, decrease the frequency and/or severity
of mishaps.
A17.1.1. The APMR provides senior leaders with a clear picture of the effectiveness of their
safety function as well as its impact on the mission of the organization. The review will
contain a statement declaring the mishap prevention program conformance and performance
under the systemic processes of the AFSMS was either met and effective, met but needs
minor improvement(s), met but needs significant improvement(s), or was not effective. (T-1)
A17.1.2. The objective of the APMR is to demonstrate leadership within a safety program
from reactionary one-time fixes to long-term solutions. While statistical products related to
mishap trend analysis, hazard reporting and abatement are already a staple of the Air Force
Mishap Prevention Program, other elements of the annual review may be new. The long-term
strategy is to provide a near completely automated analysis capability within an IT system,
like the Air Force Safety Automated System (AFSAS), as resources permit. A key feature of
the SMS is both internal and external programmatic assessments with a scorecard to ensure
continuous improvement. (T-1) The internal self-assessment scorecard tool for the AFSMS
will be the Annual AFSMS Management Review as described in this attachment. (T-1)
A17.2. Minimum Required Elements of the APMR: (T-1)
A17.2.1. Executive Summary.
A17.2.1.1. A brief overview of how the organization’s activities fit into the SMS concept
and structure.
A17.2.1.2. A concise recap of what is included in the rest of the document.
A17.2.2. Policy and Leadership Pillar.
A17.2.2.1. Safety leadership expressed by commanders, managers and supervisors. How
are leaders involved? What are their expectations regarding safety policy and programs?
How is safety policy communicated, and what organizational safety policies have been
implemented? What oversight do they provide to the safety policies and programs?
A17.2.2.2. Safety accountability. How is safety accountability defined within the
organization? Who has authority to identify safety risk acceptance levels?
A17.2.2.3. Safety goals, objectives and priorities for the next fiscal year.
A17.2.2.4. Analysis of the prior fiscal year’s safety goals, objectives and priorities;
identify areas of success and areas needing additional work.
A17.2.2.5. Status of Installation Emergency Management Plan, including major changes
and improvement accomplished over the previous year.
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 179

A17.2.2.6. Policy and Leadership Continuous Improvement. What continuous process

improvement does unit leadership want to see or implement? Are leaders and employees
reviewing their programs for shortfalls? Are they anticipating safety hazards?
A17.2.3. Safety Risk Management Pillar.
A17.2.3.1. Hazard Identification. How are hazard identification programs and processes
employed by the organization, i.e., AF Form 457 hazard ID, ASAP reporting, flight data
analysis, etc. What are the organization’s top hazards in their associated mission areas?
Do commanders clearly state their expectation to identify, report and mitigate risks at all
levels? Is there any documentation on file to show this requirement? Is there a clear line
of communication to address the hazards?
A17.2.3.1.1. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.2. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.3. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.4. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.5. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.6. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.7. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.8. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.9. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.10. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.11. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.12. Deleted.
A17.2.3.1.13. Deleted.
A17.2.3.2. Hazard Assessment, Controls and Decisions. How does the organization
employ safety processes to assess risk, prioritize risk and system deficiencies, and make
decisions on mitigation responses? Are hazards and risks reviewed, mitigated, and when
necessary, accepted at the appropriate level? What is the process for determining
acceptable safety risk? Is a formal deliberate risk assessment such as a AF Form 4437,
used for those events that are not addressed by some other, primary regulatory guidance,
i.e., AFI 91-series?
A17.2.3.3. Implementation of Hazard and Risk Controls. Provide a status update on risk
assessment codes, mishap recommendations, management deficiencies and similar issues
(how many open at start of year, how many closed, how many new added, etc). What
significant corrective actions or preventative measures were employed? What
circumstances changed in/around the organization or installation (i.e., short-notice unit
deployment, off-base major construction affecting base access, etc.), and how were
change management activities employed?
A17.2.3.4. Hazard Mitigation Follow-up. How does the organization determine if the
hazard or risk mitigation was acceptable?
180 AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015

A17.2.3.5. Safety Risk Management Continuous Improvement. Describe the

organization’s safety processes. Describe how the organization improved their risk
management program? Describe how corrective actions are tracked until closure.
Describe how commanders and employees seek out ways to mitigate hazards and risk
before a mishap occurs?
A17.2.4. Safety Assurance Pillar.
A17.2.4.1. Review of mishap findings, recommendations (closed and new), and trends;
risk assessment codes (opened, closed and in-progress); proactive safety program
findings and trends; and deficiencies and corrective actions from CCIP and UEI reports
conducted IAW AFI 90-201. This is essentially a summary and trend analysis to include
recommendations to improve negative trends. (T-1)
A17.2.4.2. Mishap reduction progress. Include as a minimum the following categories,
and use at least the previous five-year data to compare/contrast: (T-1)
A17.2.4.2.1. Civilian On-Duty Ground Mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.2. Military On-Duty Ground Mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.3. PMV-4 Off-Duty Ground Mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.4. PMV-2 Off-Duty Ground Mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.5. Space pre-launch mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.6. Space launch mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.7. Space orbit mishaps and events.
A17.2.4.2.8. Ground-based space systems mishaps and events.
A17.2.4.2.9. Classified mishaps.
A17.2.4.2.10. Flight Class A, B, C and D mishaps, and Class E Events.
A17.2.4.2.11. Weapons Class A, B, C and D mishaps, and Class E events, Dull
Sword results from weapon system safety rules violations and proactive safety trends.
Note: The Business Intelligence Tool of AFSAS will format/provide these slides at
the MAJCOM, NAF, Wing and Squadron levels. (T-1)
A17.2.4.3. Risk reduction progress. Include Human Factors Assessment Codes for causal
and contributory factors for the organization’s Class A and B mishaps; proactive safety
trends from ASAP, MFOQA and LOSA, and other hazard reporting programs; and
AFCMRS and OSA results.
A17.2.4.4. Data sources. What data sources are used in the organization’s safety
programs and processes, and how are they employed? Include input from management,
leadership, employees and employee representatives; employee suggestions; and hazard
reporting (ASAP, AF Form 457 reports, MFOQA analyses, etc.).
A17.2.4.5. Effectiveness of safety processes. How does the organization identify, assess
and prioritize risk and system deficiencies in order to support mission execution? Who
participates in risk reduction and hazard mitigation processes and how are they
identified? How does the organization ensure that established safety processes are
AFI91-202 24 JUNE 2015 181

followed? Address both successes and failures of the safety processes in order to identify
areas for improvement, where applicable. (T-1)
A17.2.4.6. Effectiveness in addressing underlying causes of risk, program and/or system
deficiencies. How does the organization address underlying causes of risk, program
and/or system deficiencies? What is the status of corrective and preventative risk
reduction and hazard mitigation actions? Provide examples. (T-1)
A17.2.4.7. Safety Assurance Continuous Improvement. How does the organization
identify differences between planned and actual results to the safety programs and
processes? Are personnel at all levels invested in tracking the efficacy of corrective
measures, and identifying for further refinement those that are not effective? How is this
demonstrated?
A17.2.5. Safety Promotion and Education Pillar.
A17.2.5.1. Safety awareness and promotion efforts. What local efforts were
implemented? How were AF-wide or below efforts supported?
A17.2.5.2. Communication. How are safety programs and initiatives communicated both
vertically and horizontally? What forms of communication are used? Which are most and
least effective, and why?
A17.2.5.3. Training and education. How does the safety office budget for training? What
safety training is provided to organizational personnel? How is it presented? How can the
organization capitalize on changing technology to improve communication methods?
A17.2.5.4. Culture. Describe the safety culture of the organization to include strengths
and areas for improvement.
A17.2.5.5. Safety Staff Education and Continuous Improvement. How does the safety
office budget for training? Are all safety personnel at the proper skill level to meet
mission requirements? Describe how personnel receive technical and professional
development.
A17.2.6. Signature of Commander (Installation/NAF/MAJCOM, as appropriate). May be
delegated no lower than vice or deputy commander, or executive director. (T- 1)
A17.2.6.1. Deleted.
A17.2.7. Deleted.
A17.2.8. Deleted.
A17.2.9. Deleted.

Figure A17.1. Deleted.