Scribd
Upload
14 views4 pages

Research Method

Uploaded by

hafsau435
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views4 pages

Research Method

Uploaded by

hafsau435
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Define qualitative and quantitative research methods in psychology.

Qualitative research method


Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data (e.g., text, video,
or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth
insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research.
Quantitative research method
Quantitative research is a systematic investigation of phenomena by gathering quantifiable
data and performing statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques.

Qualitative Method Quantitative Method


Deals with words and meanings. Deals with numbers and statistics
Qualitative methods allow you to Quantitative methods allow you to
explore concepts and experiences systematically measure variable and test
in more detail. hypotheses
focuses on describing individual focuses on describing the characteristics of a
experiences and beliefs. population.
Open-ended questions Closed-ended questions
Use semi-structured methods Use highly structured methods such as
structured
Descriptive data Numerical data

Underlying philosophies
Interpretivisms is based on the assumption that reality is subjective, multiple and socially
constructed.
Positivism is closely associated with quantitative methods of data collection.
Methods
Experimental Method
Following the quantitative theory, the experimental psychology research method looks at
cause-and-effect relationships, and what happens when a single variable is manipulated.
Example: One of the most famous experimental methods is the Stanford Prison
Experiment conducted by Philip Zimbardo. This experiment studied the psychological
effects of perceived power, focusing on the struggle between prisoners and prison officers.
Observational Study
Observational study is a qualitative psychology research method that looks at individuals,
societies, or social constructs to see how the world around them impacts them. This type of
research involves mixed methods as well, due to it occurring in natural settings
where psychologists are unable to control the environment. Example: Jane Goodall’s work
with chimpanzees in Gombe Stream National Park is a well-known observational study. She
observed the primates in their natural habitat, providing groundbreaking insights into primate
behavior and social structures.
Comparison

Research objectives
 Exploratory research: The goal of exploratory research is to gain a better
understanding of a problem or issue. It involves investigating research questions that
have not been studied in depth. The results of exploratory research often lay the
groundwork for future analysis.
 Measurement research: The goal of measurement research is to provide precise,
accurate, and high-quality data.
Data collection techniques
Surveys can be done on many people, but the information might not be completely
accurate, and they often have a low response rate.
Interviews involve asking people questions and recording their verbal responses and
typically have a higher response rate than surveys do.
o Data analysis strategies (e.g., thematic analysis vs. statistical analysis).
 Thematic analysis
A qualitative method that identifies themes and patterns in data to understand
experiences, perceptions, or social phenomena. Thematic analysis is often used in
psychology research. It's a flexible and rich method that can be applied to large data
sets. Thematic analysis is inductive, meaning that codes and themes are developed
from the data itself.
 Statistical analysis
A quantitative method that uses statistical techniques to analyze numerical data, such
as patterns, trends, or relationships. Statistical analysis is used to objectively
understand the results of quantitative data and whether they are significant
Strength Limitation
Exploratory Reliable data: It can be challenging to
Flexibility: Researchers can adapt their obtain reliable data.
approach based on new findings.

Measurement No qualitative data to contextualize or


Data were collected at multiple time points explain quantitative results

Interview Incomplete process


Selection of correct candidate Incomplete information
Selection of correct candidate

Survey Training to avoid bias


Higher response rates Difficult to develop rapport
Less expensive or time consuming
Thematic analysis Time-consuming: Thematic analysis can be
time-consuming.
In-depth information: Thematic analysis
can provide deep insights from data
sources.

Statistical analysis Data quality: Poor data quality can lead to


inaccurate insights and flawed decisions
Objectivity: Standardized data collection
and analysis can make results more
objective than qualitative research
Ethical Considerations
Explain the ethical challenges associated with qualitative (e.g., confidentiality in
interviews) and quantitative (e.g., informed consent in experiments) methods.
Informed consent Participants know the purpose, benefits, risks, and funding behind the
study before they agree or decline to join

Confidentiality You know who the participants are but you keep that information hidden
from everyone else. You anonymize personally identifiable data so that it can’t be linked to
other data by anyone else.

Challenges can be addressed

 Defining the problem, by identifying the different issues and needs of individuals
concerned
 Considering alternative solutions to the problem
Reflection on Research Applications
Analyze
The qualitative data can be used to assess the validity of quantitative findings. Quantitative
data can also be used to help generate the qualitative sample or explain findings from the
qualitative data
Mixed methods enables investigators conceptually and analytically to integrate qualitative
research and qualitative data (e.g., semi-structured interviews, observations, focus groups)
with traditional epidemiological and quantitative methods of research to facilitate translation.
Reflect
Researcher can make adjustments based on their findings and integrate their data more
effectively. Mixed methods research is a powerful tool for understanding complex research
topics. Using qualitative and quantitative data in one study allows researchers to understand
their subject more deeply.
Refrences
Bhandari, P. (2024, September 05). What Is Qualitative Research? | Methods &
Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved December 16, 2024, from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-research/
https://www.google.com/search?
q=discuss+their+strengths+and+limitations+of+statistical+analysis&sca_esv=26d84d4d2fd7
84e0&rlz=1C1CHZN_enPK1141&sxsrf=ADLYWIJG-9qvy8B9f
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/research-ethics

https://www.endvawnow.org/en/articles/1445-addressing-challenges.html#:~:text=Defining
%20the%20problem%2C%20by%20identifying,which%20solution(s)%20to%20implemen
https://www.google.com/search?
q=Reflect+on+how+using+both+approaches+can+provide+a+comprehensive+understanding
+of%0D%0Acomplex+psychological+phenomena&sca_e

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy