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TYQM

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22 views

TYQM

Uploaded by

ridhiwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ST JOSEPH UNIVERSITY IN TANZANIA,

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Assignment: The Concept of Sigma

COURSE CODE: ELEE0086

COURSE TITLE: TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

COURSE INSTRUCTOR: MRS MSOSO

NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER


RIDHIWAN SULEIMAN MAHMOUD 21171053007
DAUD YUSUPH MACHIA 21171053032
ATHUMAN J MAKOBA 20171053045
BRUNO ALMAS 21171053036
Introduction

Total Quality Management is a structured management approach focused on improving the


quality of products, services, and processes to meet or exceed customer expectations.

MEANING OF SIGMA

The term "sigma" (σ) is derived from statistics, where it represents standard deviation, a
measure of variability or dispersion in a set of data. In Total Quality Management, sigma
quantifies the variability in processes, products, or services from their desired performance
level. The concept is central to the Six Sigma methodology, which aims to reduce variability
and defects to achieve near-perfection.

Sigma Levels and Quality Standards

The higher the sigma level, the fewer defects and the closer the process comes to meeting the
desired standard. For instance:

- 1 Sigma:690,000 defects per million opportunities (DPMO)

- 3 Sigma:66,800 DPMO

- 6 Sigma:3.4 DPMO

Achieving a six-sigma level is considered world-class quality, as it represents an extremely


high level of accuracy and reliability in processes.

The Role of Sigma in Total quality management

1. Quantitative Benchmarking:

Sigma provides a quantifiable measure of process performance, enabling organizations to


assess and compare the efficiency of their operations.

2. Defect Reduction:

By targeting a higher sigma level, TQM aims to reduce defects, resulting in improved
product quality and customer satisfaction.

3. Process Optimization:
Understanding sigma levels helps identify areas of variability in a process. Organizations
can then implement strategies to optimize these processes for consistency and efficiency.

4. Cost Reduction:

Lower variability and fewer defects lead to reduced waste, rework, and production costs,
aligning with the cost-efficiency goals of TQM.

5. Customer Focus:

Importance of six sugma

1. Customer Focus: Understand and meet customer needs and expectations.


2. Data-Driven Decisions: Use statistical data and analysis to identify problems and solutions.
3. Process Improvement: Optimize and streamline processes to eliminate waste and reduce
defects.
4. Proactive Management: Identify potential issues before they occur through risk
assessment.
5. Collaboration: Engage team members and stakeholders to ensure successful
implementation.
6. Focus on Results: Aim for measurable financial and operational improvements.

Applications of Sigma in Industry

1. Manufacturing:

Ensuring consistent product quality by minimizing defects in production processes.

2. Healthcare:

Reducing errors in medical procedures and improving patient care standards.

3. Service Industry:

Enhancing customer satisfaction by ensuring reliability in service delivery.

4. IT and Software Development:

Minimizing bugs and errors in software applications to ensure better user experiences.
References

1. Evans, J. R., & Lindsay, W. M. (2016). Managing for Quality and Performance
Excellence. Cengage Learning.

2. Pande, P. S., Neuman, R. P., & Cavanagh, R. R. (2000). The Six Sigma Way: How GE,
Motorola, and Other Top Companies are Honing Their Performance. McGraw Hill.

3. American Society for Quality. (n.d.). What is Six Sigma? . Retrieved from [www.asq.org]
(https://www.asq.org)

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