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Processing ADCP Data

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18 views8 pages

Processing ADCP Data

Uploaded by

Eko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sounding Better!

Processing ADCP data in HYPACK®

By Christian Shaw

ADCP profiler data can be collected and processed in HYPACK®. This guide will concentrate
only on the processing of ADCP profile data in the ADCP PROFILE routine that can be found
in the HYPACK® Utility menu.
ADCP profiler systems measure the velocity through the water column using the Doppler
Effect based on the reflection of sound from suspended particulate matter in the water
column. The phase change in frequency is directly proportional to the velocity of water in
which you are traveling.
It is important to have the ADCP parameters set for the ADCP.dll optimally so that you have
the best data available to you in the ADCP PROFILE program. The recorded measurements
are subdivided into what we call bins or depth cells. Each bin contains the average of the
returns within that bin dimension. The bin parameters in the ADCP driver (the number of
depth cells and the depth cell size) should be set and tested before collecting mission data.
This is because HYPACK® only collects the data within these cells which is saved to the
profile data (*.RAW & *.ADP) files in the project \Raw folder.
FIGURE 1. Raw ADCP Survey Data

1. Once the data is collected, the first step is to simply step the *.RAW files through the
SINGLE BEAM EDITOR. SBMax64 (64-bit SINGLE BEAM EDITOR) was used in this
example.
a. In the Read Parameters, when defining the positioning and sonar devices, it is best to
choose the GPS for navigation and the ADCP driver for the sonar. The GPS is
preferred as most systems are now RTK capable and they can resolve a better
position than the position from the ADCP.

September / 2017 1
FIGURE 2. Specifying Devices and Offsets in the 64-bit SINGLE BEAM EDITOR

b. In the editor, you will make edits like you normally would with single beam data. Step
through each transect, remove any spikes, and QC the position and tide data.
FIGURE 3. Cleaning the Raw Data

2
c. Save the data. In SBMAX64, the default save format is HS2x format. The ADCP
profile program needs the older, All format for now. Select FILE-SAVE SURVEY and
select the Export option in the Save Survey dialog. ([Options] allows you to configure
the saved file extension.) This will save to the ALL file format.
FIGURE 4. Configuring the Saved File Extension

2. Open the ADCP PROFILE program. You can find this program under UTILITIES-ADCP-
ADCP PROFILE.
The profile program is capable of displaying the velocity data in a few different formats. A
few of them are more helpful than others. The Magnitude 3D and 2D, along with Direction
are most commonly used. Others have been deprecated or are for the use of specific
customers only. There is no editing data in the ADCP profile program.
In this program you simply view, export and produce a discharge report.
FIGURE 5. ADCP Profile Data

There are many settings in the ADCP PROFILE program. I will not talk about them all and
most of them can be left in the default position. The ones that have the most importance I will
outline.

September / 2017 3
FIGURE 6. View Options -
Profile View

ADCP Bottom Track: You


can bottom track from either a
single beam system or the
ADCP. In our opinion, the
ADCP system does a better
job bottom tracking and should
be the choice.
Use Veritime: This uses the
timing component from
HYPACK® SURVEY. This can
be from PPS or the $ZDA
message produced by your
GPS system
Use Edited File for Pitch and
Roll: Motion data can come
from your MRU, if installed.
The beam and lobe data from
the ADCP can be corrected by
an MRU. If you have an MRU
you will want to use it
FIGURE 7. View Options - DXF
Output Tab

Arrow Length: Length in


geodesy units for the vector
arrow.
Interval: Geodetic distance
along planned line to plot
vector arrow.
Vector Type: Flood, Ebb and
Restricted Current have
different display types. The
base of the arrow feathers to
the port, starboard, or both
respectively.

4
FIGURE 8. View Options-Velocity Tab
(top), Depth Profile (bottom)

In the Velocity tab, there are


provisions for Start and End Edges
of the profile. When the water depth
becomes too shallow for the vessel
to traverse, you can project the
velocity up to the top of the bank.
The shore pings define how many
pings to insert.
The Start and End Edge options
define the shape and the
Coefficient. This is the shape of
the slope.
• A triangle works best for gently
sloping areas to shore.
• A rectangle is best for more
vertical changes to the shore.
• The Start Width and End
Width set the distance to
extend out from the start and
end of the surveyed line.
• The Reference section is used
differently depending on
environmental factors. Typically
ADCP bottom track is best with
no Bottom Track offset. If you
have a moving bottom, such as
moving sand or fine silt that
continuously moves, then you should have these parameters to enter in the “Bottom
Track Offset” section. (Ask Joe Burnett here at HYPACK how he does it with a multibeam
system.)

September / 2017 5
FIGURE 9. View Options -
Averaging Tab

The Averaging tab under View


Options can help “Smooth” or
average data in the profile for
a different effect. Although it
can really have drastic effects
on your data, it is not
recommended. It is really in
the program to fix “Bad” data,
if not collected properly in the
field.

3. Save out Vector Data.


• 2D and 3D DXF current vectors
FIGURE 10. 3D DXF export saves out vector lines with radius circle

6
FIGURE 11. 2D DXF Current Vector Export saves vector arrows with discharge velocity

• 3D Vector contains radial polyline with bottom track elevation.


FIGURE 12. 3d Vector

September / 2017 7
• The Discharge Report shows the discharge flow for each planned line. Each vertical
component of the channel is broken out into three parts. The top, middle and bottom
of the channel are reported. This report is expressed in the units chosen in the ADCP
profile options
FIGURE 13. Sample Discharge Report

ADCP collection and processing considerations:


• Setup ADCP driver in HYPACK SURVEY properly. It has an effect on processing.
• Run planned lines perpendicular to the known flow of the water.
• Always use ADCP bottom track in processing unless is computes it poorly (which is rarely
the case.)
• View data in ADCP PROFILE in 2D and 3D Magnitude or Direction. The other views will
be less helpful.
• For technical information about ADCP, the USGS guide is the authoritative source of
information (https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/3a22/)

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