>> a=[1,1;2,-1];

>> I=[1,0;0,1];
>> B=[3;3];
>> M=[a,I,B]

M =

1 1 1 0 3
2 -1 0 1 3

>> T1=[1,0;-2,1];
>> M1=T1*M

M1 =

1 1 1 0 3
0 -3 -2 1 -3

>> T2=[1,0;0,-1/3];
>> M2=T2*M1

M2 =

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0 3.0000

0 1.0000 0.6667 -0.3333 1.0000

>> T3=[1,-1;0,1];
>> M3=T3*M2

M3 =

1.0000 0 0.3333 0.3333 2.0000

0 1.0000 0.6667 -0.3333 1.0000
Ex 2
>> a=[1,1;3,-1];
>> b=[2;6];
>> i=[1,0;0,1];
>> m=[a,i,b]

m =

1 1 1 0 2
3 -1 0 1 6

>> t1=[1,0;-3,1];
>> m1=t1*m

m1 =1 1 1 0 2
0 -4 -3 1 0
>> t2=[1,0;0,-1/4];
>> m2=t2*m1
m2 = 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0 2.0000
0 1.0000 0.7500 -0.2500 0
>> t3=[1,-1;0,1];
>> m3=t3*m2

m3 =

1.0000 0 0.2500 0.2500 2.0000

 0 1.0000 0.7500 -0.2500 0

Ex 3
>> a=[2,1;3,-2];
>> b=[5;4];
>> i2=[1,0;0,1];
>> m=[a,i2,b]

m =

2 1 1 0
5
3 -2 0 1
4

>> t1=[1/2,0;0,1];
>> m1=t1*m
m1 =

1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0 2.5000
3.0000 -2.0000
0 1.0000 4.0000

>> t2=[1,0;-3,1];
>> m2=t2*m1

m2 =

1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0 2.5000
0 -3.5000 -
1.5000 1.0000 -3.5000
>> t3=[1,0;0,-2/7];
>> m3=t3*m2

m3 =

1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0 2.5000
0 1.0000
0.4286 -0.2857 1.0000

>> t4=[1,-1/2;0,1];
>> m4=t4*m3

m4 =

1.0000 0
0.2857 0.1429 2.0000
 0 1.0000
0.4286 -0.2857 1.0000

Ex 4
>> a=[1 1 1;0 1 2;-1 1 1];
>> b=[3;1;0];
>> inv(a)

ans =

0.5000 0 -
0.5000
1.0000 -1.0000
1.0000
-0.5000 1.0000 -
0.5000
>> inv(a)*b

ans =

1.5000
2.0000
-0.5000

Hamilton
>> a=[2 1 3;1 1 0;3 2 1];
>> i3=[1 0 0;0 1 0;0 0 1];
>> syms x;
>> d=a-x*i3

d =
[2 - x, 1, 3]
[ 1, 1 - x, 0]
[ 3, 2, 1 - x]

>> eq=det(d)==0

eq =

- x^3 + 4*x^2 + 5*x - 2 == 0

>> - a^3 + 4*a^2 + 5*a - 2*i3

ans =

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0

>> a1=1/2*(-a^2+4*a+5*i3)

a1 =

-0.5000 -2.5000 1.5000

0.5000 3.5000 -1.5000
 0.5000 0.5000 -0.5000

>> inv(a)

ans =

-0.5000 -2.5000 1.5000

0.5000 3.5000 -1.5000
0.5000 0.5000 -0.5000

Ex 2
>> a=[4 1 2;0 1 1;2 2 1];
>> i3=[1 0 0;0 1 0;0 0 1];
>> syms x;
>> d=a-x*i3

d =

[4 - x, 1, 2]
[ 0, 1 - x, 1]
[ 2, 2, 1 - x]

>> eq=det(d)==0
eq =

- x^3 + 6*x^2 - 3*x - 6 == 0

>> - a^3 + 6*a^2 - 3*a - 6 ;

>> a1=1/6*(-a^2+6*a-3*i3)

a1 =

0.1667 -0.5000 0.1667

-0.3333 0 0.6667
0.3333 1.0000 -0.6667

>> inv(a)

ans =

0.1667 -0.5000 0.1667

-0.3333 0 0.6667
0.3333 1.0000 -0.6667
Dereapta de
regresie
>> e1=[1;1;1];
>> x=[0;1;2];
>> y=[0;2;3];
>> a=[e1,x]

a =

1 0
1 1
1 2

>> at=a'

at =

1 1 1
0 1 2

>> v=inv(at*a)*at*y
v =

0.1667
1.5000

Ex 2

>> e=[1;1;1;1];
>> x=[1;-1;2;0];
>> y=[0;2;7;-2];
>> a=[e,x]

a =

1 1
1 -1
1 2
1 0

>> at=a'
at =

1 1 1 1
1 -1 2 0

>> v=inv(at*a)*at*y

v =

0.9000
1.7000

Ex3

>> e=[1;1;1;1;1];
>> x=[0;2;5;8;10];
>> y=[0;1;3;5;6];
>> a=[e,x]

a =
 1 0
1 2
1 5
1 8
1 10

>> at=a'

at =

1 1 1 1 1
0 2 5 8 10
>> v=inv(at*a)*at*y

v =

-0.0882
0.6176

Ex4
>> e=[1;1;1;1;1];
>> x=[-2;0;1;1;2];
>> y=[2;1;1;3;2];
>> a=[e,x]
a =
1 -2
1 0
1 1
1 1
1 2
>> at=a'
at =
1 1 1 1 1
-2 0 1 1 2
>> v=inv(at*a)*at*y
v =
1.7826
0.0435

Ex5
>> a=[1 1 2;1 2 1;2 1 1;3 -1 5];
>> b=[6;5;5;10];
>> r=rank(a)
r = 3
>> at=a'
at =
1 1 2 3
1 2 1 -1
2 1 1 5
>> x0=inv(at*a)*at*b
x0 =
0.9215
1.3082
1.7281
Hamilton
>> a=[2 1 4;1 2 3;-2 4 1];
>> i3=[1 0 0; 0 1 0;0 0 1];
>> syms x;
>> eq=det(a-x*i3)==0

eq =

- x^3 + 5*x^2 - 3*x + 5 == 0

>> - a^3 + 5*a^2 - 3*a + 5*i3

ans =
 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0

>> a1=-1/5*(-a^2+5*a-3*i3)

a1 =

-2.0000 3.0000 -1.0000

-1.4000 2.0000 -0.4000
1.6000 -2.0000 0.6000

>> %verificare
>> inv(a)

ans =

-2.0000 3.0000 -1.0000

-1.4000 2.0000 -0.4000
1.6000 -2.0000 0.6000

Rtc
>> a=[2,1;5,3];
>> i=[1,0;0,1];
>> b=[5;13];
>> m=[a,i,b]

m =

2 1 1
0 5
5 3 0
1 13

>> t1=[1/2,0;0,1];
>> m1=t1*m

m1 =

1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0
2.5000
5.0000 3.0000
0 1.0000
13.0000

>> t2=[1,0;-5,1];
>> m2=t2*m1
m2 =

1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0
2.5000
0 0.5000
-2.5000 1.0000
0.5000

>> t3=[1,0;0,2];
>> m3=t3*m2

m3 =
 1.0000 0.5000
0.5000 0
2.5000
0 1.0000
-5.0000 2.0000
1.0000

>> t4=[1,-1/2;0,1];
>> m4=t4*m3

m4 =

1 0 3
-1 2
 0 1 -5
2 1
Ex 3
>> e=[1;1;1;1;1];
>> x=[1;4;2;-1;3];
>> b=[3;-2;4;1;2];
>> a=[e,x];
>> a=[e,x]

a =

1 1
1 4
1 2
1 -1
1 3

>> v=inv(a'*a)*a'*y

v =
 2.3784
-0.4324

>> %verificare
>> a\b

ans =

2.3784
-0.4324

Ex4 sist supra dim

>> a=[1,1;2,-1;4,5];
>> b=[3;3;10];
>> syms x;
>> x=inv(a'*a)*a'*b

x = 1.8107
0.5777
>> v1=[2;1;-2];
>> v2=[1;3;2];
>> s=[v1,v2];
>> rank(s)
ans = 2
ex2

>> m1=[1,0,0];
>> m2=[2,1,3];
>> m3=2*m2-m1

m3 = 3 2 6

>> syms x y z;
>> m1=[1,1,2];
>> eqp=x+2*y+3*z+1==0;
>> eq1=(x-1)/1==(y-1)/2;
>> eq2=(y-1)/2==(z-2)/3;
>> eqs=[eqp;eq1;eq2];
>> solve(eqs,x,y,z)

ans =
struct with fields:
x: 2/7
y: -3/7
z: -1/7
>> m2=[2/7,-3/7,-1/7];
>> m3=2*m2-m
m3 =
-0.4286 -1.8571 -2.2857

Ex nou

>> syms x y z;
>> m1=[1,-1,0];
>> eq1=(x-2)/(-3)==(y+1)/2;
>> eq2=(y+1)/2==(z+1)/3;
>> eqp=-3*x+2*y+3*z+5==0;
>> eqs=[eqp;eq1;eq2];
>> solve(eqs,x,y,z)

ans =

struct with fields:

x: 13/11
y: -5/11
 z: -2/11

>> mi=[13/11,-5/11,-2/11];
>> ms=2*mi-m1

ms =

1.3636 0.0909 -0.3636

Ec plan

>> syms x y z x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 x3 y3 z3;

>> A=[x-x1 y-y1 z-z1;x2-x1 y2-y1 z2-
z1;x3-x1 y3-y1 z3-z1]
A =
[ x - x1, y - y1, z - z1]
[x2 - x1, y2 - y1, z2 - z1]
[x3 - x1, y3 - y1, z3 - z1]

>> d=det(A)

d =
x*y1*z2 - x*y2*z1 - x1*y*z2 + x1*y2*z +
x2*y*z1 - x2*y1*z - x*y1*z3 + x*y3*z1 +
x1*y*z3 - x1*y3*z - x3*y*z1 + x3*y1*z +
x*y2*z3 - x*y3*z2 - x2*y*z3 + x2*y3*z +
x3*y*z2 - x3*y2*z - x1*y2*z3 + x1*y3*z2 +
x2*y1*z3 - x2*y3*z1 - x3*y1*z2 + x3*y2*z1

>> d1=subs(d,{x1,y1,z1},{1,0,0});
>> d2=subs(d1,{x2,y2,z2},{2,1,3});
>> d3=subs(d2,{x3,y3,z3},{1,1,0})
d3 = z - 3*x + 3
>> % ec plan
>> eq=d3==0

eq = z - 3*x + 3 == 0

>> syms x y;
>> f=(x^2+y^2)/(x+y);
>> fx=diff(f,x);
>> fy=diff(f,y);
>> E=x*fx+y*fy
E =
- x*((x^2 + y^2)/(x + y)^2 - (2*x)/(x +
y)) - y*((x^2 + y^2)/(x + y)^2 - (2*y)/(x
+ y))
>> simplify(E)
ans =
(x^2 + y^2)/(x + y)
>> % Teoreme este ferificat

Gradient
>> syms x y i j;
>> f=x^2+y^2;
>> fx=diff(f,x);
>> fy=diff(f,y);
>> gf=fx*i+fy*j;
>> subs(gf,[x,y],[2,1])
ans = 4*i + 2*j

derivate dupa diresctie

>> syms x y;
>> f=x^3+y^2+x*y;
>> u1=0,6;
u1 =

>> u1=0.6;
>> u2=0.8;
>> df=u1*diff(f,x)+u2*diff(f,y);
>> df0=subs(df,[x,y],[2,3])

df0 =

77/5