sanayi devrimi
sanayi devrimi
sanayi devrimi
France was more slowly and less thoroughly industrialized than either
Britain or Belgium. While Britain was establishing its industrial
leadership, France was immersed in its Revolution, and the uncertain
political situation discouraged large investments in industrial
innovations. By 1848 France had become an industrial power,
but, despite great growth under the Second Empire, it remained
behind Britain. Other European countries lagged far behind.
Their bourgeoisie lacked the wealth, power, and opportunities of
their British, French, and Belgian counterparts. Political
conditions in the other nations also hindered industrial
expansion. Germany, for example, despite vast resources of coal
and iron, did not begin its industrial expansion until after
national unity was achieved in 1870. Once begun, Germany’s industrial
production grew so rapidly that by the turn of the century that nation was
outproducing Britain in steel and had become the world leader in the
chemical industries. The rise of U.S. industrial power in the 19th and
20th centuries also far outstripped European efforts. And Japan too joined
the Industrial Revolution with striking success.