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The political structure of Assam in India is headed by the ceremonial post of the

Governor. He is assisted by a council of ministers, headed by the Chief Minister,


who are members of the Assam Assembly. In recent years the Governor has become more
powerful, especially because the last two Governors have been ex-Army generals and
the Army is entrusted with anti-insurgency operations against ULFA and other armed
groups .[1]

History
The Assam legislative structure is unicameral and consists of the 126-member Assam
Assembly. Members are elected for a period of 5 years. The Assam Assembly is
presided over by the Speaker, who is generally a member of the ruling party.[2]

State Government
Year Assembly Total seats Government Seats won Chief Minister Opposition
1946-52 Provincial Assembly 108 Indian National Congress 50
Gopinath Bordoloi/Bishnu Ram Medhi Muslim
1952-57 1st Assembly 108 Indian National Congress 76 Bishnu Ram
Medhi Socialist Party
1957-62 2nd Assembly 108 Indian National Congress 71 Bishnu Ram
Medhi/Bimala Prasad Chaliha Praja Socialist Party
1962-67 3rd Assembly 105 Indian National Congress 79 Bimala
Prasad Chaliha All Party Hill Leaders Conference
1967-72 4th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress 73 Bimala
Prasad Chaliha/Mohendra Mohan Choudhury All Party Hill Leaders Congress
1972-78 5th Assembly 114 Indian National Congress 95 Sarat
Chandra Sinha Samyukta Socialist Party
1978-79 6th Assembly 126 Janata Party/Communist Party of India/Plains
Tribals Council of Assam 53/11/4 Golap Borbora/Jogendra Nath Hazarika
Indian National Congress
1979-80 – – Government of India – President Rule
1980-81 6th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress/Communist Party of
India/Independents 51/11/4 Anowara Taimur Janata Party
1981-82 – – Government of India – President Rule
1982 6th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress/Communist Party of
India/Independents 51/11/4 Kesab Chandra Gogoi Janata Party
1982-83 – – Government of India – President Rule
1983-85 7th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress 91 Hiteswar
Saikia Plains Tribals Council of Assam
1985-90 8th Assembly 126 Asom Gana Parishad 69 Prafulla Kumar
Mahanta Indian National Congress
1990-91 – – Government of India – President Rule
1991-96 9th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress 66 Hiteswar
Saikia/Bhumidhar Barman Asom Gana Parishad
1996-2001 10th Assembly 126 Asom Gana Parishad/Communist Party of
India/United Minorities Front 59/2/2 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta Indian National
Congress
2001-06 11th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress 71 Tarun Gogoi
Asom Gana Parishad
2006-11 12th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress/Bodoland People's
Front 53/10 Tarun Gogoi Asom Gana Parishad
2011-16 13th Assembly 126 Indian National Congress/Bodoland People's
Front 78/11 Tarun Gogoi All India United Democratic Front
2016-21 14th Assembly 126 Bharatiya Janata Party / Asom Gana Parishad /
Bodoland People's Front 61/14/12 Sarbananda Sonowal Indian National Congress
National Legislature

Lok Sabha districts in Assam after the 2009 elections


Assam sends 14 Member of Parliament(s) to the Lok Sabha.
Year Lok Sabha Total seats Largest party Seats won
1951 First Lok Sabha 12 Indian National Congress 11
1957 Second Lok Sabha 12 Indian National Congress 10
1962 Third Lok Sabha 12 Indian National Congress 9
1967 Fourth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 10
1971 Fifth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 13
1977 Sixth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 10
1980 Seventh Lok Sabha 8 Indian National Congress 8
1985 Eighth Lok Sabha 15 Asom Gana Parishad 7
1989 Ninth Lok Sabha – No elections –
1991 Tenth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 8
1996 Eleventh Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 5
1998 Twelfth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 11
1999 Thirteenth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 10
2004 Fourteenth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 7
2009 Fifteenth Lok Sabha 14 Indian National Congress 7
2014 Sixteenth Lok Sabha 14 Bharatiya Janata Party 7
Karimganj 1 – All India United Democratic Front
Silchar 2 – Indian National Congress
Autonomous District 3 – Indian National Congress
Dhubri 4 – All India United Democratic Front
Kokrajhar 5 – Independent
Barpeta 6 – All India United Democratic Front
Gauhati 7 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Mangaldoi 8 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Tezpur 9 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Nowgaon 10 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Kaliabor 11 – Indian National Congress
Jorhat 12 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Dibrugarh 13 – Bharatiya Janata Party
Lakhimpur 14 – Bharatiya Janata Party

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