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Reading Comprehension

bài tập biên dịch

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Anh Thy
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30 views

Reading Comprehension

bài tập biên dịch

Uploaded by

Anh Thy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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READING COMPREHENSION

LIVING FOR A CENTURY


The good news is that we can all expect to live both longer and healthier lives than
any other generation in history. How well we age, however, is basically up to us!
The 20th century will probably be largely remembered for having the highest
increase in life expectancy in recorded history. The average life-span for men and
women has now almost doubled. What’s more, this seems to be a continuing trend.
Not only are we living longer, but we are also living a far healthier lifestyle. With
record numbers of fit, healthy people reaching the age of 90 and over, it is
becoming clear that negative predictions of a greying population, troubled by
increasing numbers of diseases as well as huge medical bills, have been
exaggerated.
Our view of what old age actually means has changed dramatically. Many of today’s
pensioners, compared to the elderly in days gone by, tend to enjoy a quality of life
without stress, travelling here,
there and everywhere, learning new skills, taking up different sports, starting
businesses and actively looking forward to each new day. Our actual opinion of what
is old and what is not old tends to change with the passing of time as well as higher
levels of longevity.
We can see that there are many different aspects affecting the ageing process,
including lifestyle, attitude, social circumstances and diet. Studies carried out on
mice, for example, have shown that intake of fewer calories allowed mice to live up
to 40% longer than those who ate as much as they wanted. In human years this is
equal 30 or 40 more years of life. The mice also stayed energetic longer, had better
memories and lower levels of cancer. Japanese people living on the island of
Okinawa, in fact, consume 20 percent fewer calories than the rest of the population
of Japan and, as a result, have the highest population of centenarians anywhere in
the world!
The challenge the rest of us now face is how to delay the ageing process. There are,
in fact, two different aspects to ageing that we need to be aware of, the one
involving the natural passing of time and the other involving the natural, physical
ageing of the body. While we have no control over our chronological age, we can, up
to a point, do a lot to slow down biological ageing by taking the following advice.

1. Be optimistic.
2. Give up smoking.
3. Learn how to relax.
4. Have a sense of humor.
5. Do yoga to help posture.
6. Have a 30-minute walk each day.
7. Learn new skills to keep the mind active.
8. Have access to good medical facilities.
9. Avoid stress in order to improve health generally.
10. Mix with a variety of people of different ages.
11. Use suitable creams to protect the skin in summer.
12. Have at least five pieces of fruit and vegetables per day.
13. Improve diet by eating smaller portions, especially at night.

I/ Match the words from A to the correct definitions in B


A B
1. generation a. hopeful or positive
2. century b. keep from happening
3. history c. purchase goods or services for direct use
4. trend d. one that is 100 years old or older
5. consume e. multiplicity
6. pensioner f. 100 years
7. optimistic g. narrative of event
8. avoid h. tendency
9. variety i. retired person
10. centenarian j. all of offspring that are at the same stage of
descent from a common
ancestor

1.j 2.f 3.g 4.h 5.c 6.i 7.a 8.b 9.e 10.d

II/ Choose the letter of the best answer.


1. According to the writer, life in old age is improving because ……….
A. people pay more for medical treatment.
B. record numbers attend fitness classes.
C. the number of diseases is decreasing.
D. older people are in better health.
2. The writer feels the increase in life expectancy ………………….
A. was completely predictable.
B. is something that will continue.
C. is a worrying trend.
D. has been exaggerated.
3. Nowadays, older people ……………….
A. tend to be more stressed.
B. worry about the quality of life.
C. take life as it comes.
D. stay active much longer.
4. Research has shown that …………….
A. eating fewer calories can help us live longer.
B. mice live 40% longer if they stay energetic.
C. intake of calories helps older people live longer.
D. mice remembered more when they ate what they wanted.
5. Which of the following aspects of ageing can be controlled?
A. the passing of time
B. our mental age
C. our chronological age
D. our biological age
6. The writer feels it is wrong …………………..
A. to go out in the sun.
B. to finish the day with a heavy meal.
C. for older people to do anything other than walking.
D. for older people to socialize with youngsters.
7. Which phrase best sums up the writer’s view of growing old?
A. Come to terms with it.
B. You’re as old as time.
C. Act your age at all times.
D. It’s not age but attitude.
III/ Answer the following questions
1.What do you think affects the ageing process?
In my perspective, I think it is ifestyle, because its choices such as diet, exercise,
and stress management play a significant role in the aging process. For example,
consuming fewer calories, staying physically active, and avoiding stress can
positively impact longevity and health.
2.What do you usually do to slow down biological ageing?
I'll choose the third recommendation: "Learn how to relax." Because of relaxation
techniques, such as deep breathing, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, or
mindfulness, help reduce levels of stress hormones like cortisol in the body. Chronic
stress has been linked to various health problems, including heart disease,
hypertension, and accelerated aging. By learning how to relax, individuals can
better manage stress and its negative effects on the body.

IV/ Summary
The article discusses the positive trend of longer and healthier lives among the
global population, particularly in the context of the 20th century witnessing a
significant increase in life expectancy. It highlights how lifestyle choices and
attitudes towards aging play crucial roles in determining the quality of life in old
age. The article emphasizes that despite aging, many older individuals enjoy active
and fulfilling lives, engaging in various activities such as travel, learning new skills,
and starting businesses.
Furthermore, the article explores factors influencing the aging process, including
lifestyle, attitude, social circumstances, and diet. It mentions studies indicating that
reducing calorie intake can lead to longer lifespans and better health outcomes.
Additionally, it discusses the role of access to medical facilities and social
interactions in promoting healthy aging.
The article concludes by providing practical tips for slowing down biological aging,
such as maintaining optimism, quitting smoking, learning relaxation techniques,
having a sense of humor, engaging in physical activity like yoga and walking,
staying mentally active, eating a balanced diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables,
and avoiding stress. It emphasizes the importance of adopting these strategies to
support overall well-being and improve the quality of life in old age.

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