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Chilled Water Supply and Return

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57 views10 pages

Chilled Water Supply and Return

Uploaded by

benzz31889
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mohammad Areeb (HVAC Engg.

Why Chilled Water


in AHU is Supplied
at 7°C and Returns
at 12°C
What is an AHU?
Air Handling Unit (AHU) is a critical
component of HVAC systems.

It regulates air quality, temperature,


and humidity in buildings.

Introduction Why is chilled water temperature


important?
1. Ensures efficient cooling and
dehumidification.

2. Balances energy consumption and


system performance.
ASHRAE Standard 90.1:
▪ Suggests a temperature difference (ΔT)
of 5°C between supply and return
water.
▪ Focuses on optimizing energy efficiency
in HVAC systems.
ASHRAE and
ISHRAE ISHRAE Recommendations:
Guidelines ▪ Emphasizes maintaining 7°C supply
and 12°C return temperatures for Indian
climates.
▪ Ensures effective cooling in humid and
dry regions.
1. Efficient Cooling Load Matching
▪ 7°C chilled water supply ensures air
passing over the cooling coil reaches
desired indoor temperatures.
2. Effective Dehumidification
▪ To remove moisture from air, the cooling
coil must be at or below the dew point
temperature.
Why 7°C Supply
▪ 7°C supply water ensures air
and 12°C Return? dehumidification.
3. Optimal Chiller Performance
▪ Maintaining a 5°C temperature
difference reduces the flow rate and
energy consumed by chilled water
pumps.
Building Size: 100,000 sq. ft.
Outdoor Temperature: 35°C (Summer)
Office Building (Delhi)
Indoor Setpoint: 24°C with 50% Relative
Humidity
How Chilled Water Works:
▪ 7°C supply water cools and
Real-World dehumidifies the air.
Example ▪ 12°C return water ensures efficient heat
transfer back to the chiller.
▪ Outcome: Comfortable indoor
environment with optimal energy
efficiency.
Critical Cooling Requirement for Servers
Chiller Efficiency (COP): 6.0
Data Centre (Banglore)
Pumping Power Consumption: 15 kW
What Happens with a Different ΔT?

Temperature Pumping Energy Outcome

Real-World Difference
5°C (7/12°C) Lower Optimal Efficiency

Example 3°C (e.g., 7/10°C) Higher Increased Pumping


Costs

Hence, maintaining the recommended


5°C ΔT reduces overall energy
consumption.
▪ Freezing Risk: Lower temperatures can
cause freezing in cooling coils.

Why Not Lower ▪ Condensation Issues: Excessive


condensation can lead to mold growth
than 7°C Supply? and indoor air quality problems.
▪ Inefficient Cooling: Higher supply
temperatures reduce the cooling
capacity of the AHU.
Why Not Higher ▪ Poor Dehumidification: Higher supply
than 7°C Supply? temperatures may not remove enough
moisture from the air, leading to
humidity issues.
Why 7°C/12°C is the Best Choice
▪ Efficient Cooling: Matches cooling load
requirements.
▪ Energy Efficiency: Reduces pumping
energy consumption.
Key Takeaways ▪ Dehumidification: Ensures air reaches
the dew point for moisture removal.
▪ Chiller Performance: Balances heat
transfer and system reliability.
▪ ASHRAE Standard 90.1 – Energy
Standard for Buildings
▪ ISHRAE Guidelines – HVAC Design for
References Indian Climates

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