Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2 views

    Last Version - Gaza Updates_presentation.docx

    Uploaded by

    Shivam Kumar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Last Version - Gaza Updates_presentation.docx

    Uploaded by

    Shivam Kumar
    2 views4 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views4 pages

    Last Version - Gaza Updates_presentation.docx

    Uploaded by

    Shivam Kumar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    WEEK 4 : MANAGING ONGOING CONFLICT (GAZA)

    Presentation (10-12 minutes)

    1. Legal Actions at the International Level

    First of all, concerning legal actions that are underway at the international level there has
    been no further development concerning the ICJ occupation advisory opinion. The hearing
    closed, and the judges started deliberating.
    However, Nicaragua has filed a case against Germany at the ICJ for the violation of the 1948
    Genocide Convention and the 1949 Geneva Conventions. Germany is one of the largest
    arms exporters to Israel (together with the US), and Nicaragua argues Germany is facilitating
    the commission of the ongoing plausible genocide in the Gaza Strip.
    It is therefore asking the court to issue emergency measures requiring Germany to stop its
    financial and military aid to Israel as well as reverse its decision to defund the UNRWA.
    The hearing date is not yet known, but the ICJ usually starts proceedings on requests for
    emergency measures within weeks.
    This case is important because it will set a precedent for state responsibility regarding
    military aid and arms trade. 1 min

    2. Militarization of the Red Sea

    In regard to the militarisation of the Red Sea, we saw that the tension between
    the Houthies, Israel, UK, and the US remains high. In these two weeks, there
    was the first fatal houthi attack on a Red Sea merchant ship that was owned
    by a greek company. Three seafarers were killed, and others were injured.
    The Houthies claimed responsibility for the attack, and because this ship
    wasn’t linked with any of the parties, some shipping industries said that all the
    shipping industry could be at risk. This could cause more pressure for stronger
    military action from the US and the UK on the Houthies. Moreover last week
    we saw the first ship, a UK bulk carrier, to sink. It is important to mention it
    because last week the cables in the red sea were damaged, affecting 25% of
    data traffic between asia and europe. No one is taking the blame and the US
    is trying to find out if it was because of the anchor of the ship that sank or if
    they were voluntarily damaged (ex. facebook and instagram).
    Around 1 min 30

    3. Negotiation efforts and International diplomatic pressure

    So, concerning negotiation efforts and international diplomatic pressure, we are forced to
    witness a failure of the different attempts to reach a temporary ceasefire and exchange of
    hostages and prisoners before the beginning of Ramadan.
    After the Paris talks and a round of mediation in Doha, there have been 4 days of
    negotiations in Cairo between Hamas and US, Egyptian and Qatari mediators.
    WEEK 4 : MANAGING ONGOING CONFLICT (GAZA)

    Unfortunately, Israel declined to send its delegation to this latest round and no deal was
    reached (by Friday). PM Netanyahu says Israel will push on with the Gaza offensive
    including into, Rafah where about 1.5 million people are estimated to have taken refuge.
    This happened despite growing international pressure that can be witnessed, especially after
    the flour massacre that took place in Gaza City. On the 29th of February the Israeli army
    opened fire on civilians awaiting food trucks killing more than a hundred and wounding more
    than 700 Palestinians.
    This massacre has been widely condemned by the international community including among
    Israeli allies in the West. The US still blocked the UNSC statement blaming Israel for Gaza
    City Massacre, however it slightly shifted its tone after facing a growing wave of criticism and
    started pushing for more humanitarian aid to be brought to Gaza.
    In fact, Joe Biden will announce a plan to create a new port in Gaza to increase deliveries of
    humanitarian aid. Under this plan, the US military would set up a pier off the coast of Gaza,
    but US troops would not be on the ground.
    Another signal of the US slightly changing attitude is the meeting between Blinken and
    Benny Gantz in Washington to push for the opening of another border crossing into Gaza.
    The latter is the political rival of Netanyahu and a member of Israel’s war cabinet. The US
    trying a different line of communication which also appears to signal a widening split in Tel
    Aviv. Around 2 min 50

    OTHER RELEVANT POINTS:

    Lebanon’s situation:
    Another point that we wanted to mention is that the tensions between
    hezbollah in the south of lebanon and israel have not decreased. For the
    moment the strikes remain confined to the border regions but in recent weeks
    several strikes hit hezbollah positions further north. For this reason there is
    fear of a full-blown conflict. Hezbollah has said that they won’t stop its attacks
    until a ceasefire on Gaza. But the Israeli Defence Minister said recently that
    any truce in Gaza would not change Israel’s goal of pushing Hezbollah out of
    southern Lebanon by force or diplomacy.
    Around 30 sec

    Humanitarian situation:
    In these two weeks, we have seen the humanitarian situation deteriorate more and
    more. Because of the Israeli siege, food, medicament and aid can’t still enter the
    Gaza Strip. The first children and adults began to die from hunger. Jordan and the
    US began to airdrop aid, but even that is not sufficient and it even killed people
    because the parachute didn’t open.
    Around 30 sec
    WEEK 4 : MANAGING ONGOING CONFLICT (GAZA)

    4. ONGOING CONFLICT MANAGEMENT – NEXT STEPS - Anthony

    1. Ceasefire - we will stress this priority!

    → LINK WITH THE READINGS ← Loïse

    o “A related method of humanitarian diplomacy in conflict is ‘deconfliction’:


    o The exchange of information and planning advisories by humanitarian actors with
    military actors in order to prevent or resolve conflicts between the two sets [sic]
    (p. 355) objectives, remove obstacles to humanitarian action and avoid potential
    hazards for humanitarian personnel. This may include the negotiation of military
    pauses, temporary cessation of hostilities or ceasefires, or safe corridors for aid
    delivery.”

    - (summary of the paragraph above: dialogue by humanitarian actors with


    military actors to agree on a ceasefire. It will give …)

    --> “The ability to obtain and maintain access to populations in need is the key
    prerequisite for national and international humanitarian agencies. Without access
    they cannot deliver humanitarian assistance nor provide protection to vulnerable
    populations.”

    2. Open new points at the border between Egypt and Gaza by where the tracks
    can enter into the occupied site.

    o Create an international area to ensure safe management of resources by people


    who are only in charge of assisting the Gaza population – as of today, the
    humanitarian aid is delivered through air drooping creating chaotic situations that
    violate human rights and humanitarian law.

    →LINK WITH THE READINGS←

    [The Contribution of Human Rights to Protecting People in Conflict


    (reading)]

    Creation of international operation to safely distribute the humanitarian aids to


    ensure the protection of human rights. “Human rights actors need to contribute
    to the protection of civilians in conflict through a number of activities on the
    ground [...] Additionally, civilian casualty tracking and recording have become
    useful tools in discerning conflict dynamics and for pressuring parties to adjust
    their methods of warfare to mitigate civilian harm.”

    Establishment of a UN Assistance Mission in GAZA = inspired by the case Study


    in Afghanistan where the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, a special
    political mission, was established in 2002, as a result of the invention of US
    military in Afghanistan territory. It has no military or other uniformed personnel.
    WEEK 4 : MANAGING ONGOING CONFLICT (GAZA)

    ○ GOAL: “The mandate was reviewed annually, the mission’s mandate has been
    altered over time to reflect the changing context and priorities, but it has
    consistently emphasized human rights and, more recently, the protection of
    civilians [...] UNAMA to monitor the situation of civilians, to coordinate
    efforts to ensure their protection, to promote accountability, and to assist in
    the full implementation of the fundamental freedoms and human rights
    provision.” [The Contribution of Human Rights to Protecting People in
    Conflict (reading)]

    ○ RISKS: Case study of Sri Lanka identify the ineffectiveness of UN


    intervention in May 2009, on a 25 years of cyclical conflict and ceasefire
    agreements, the Government of Sri Lanka routed the rebel mouvement
    “Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). This case exhibits many of the
    fundamental challenges to operationalization of human rights protection
    practices in the field:

    - no clear mandate for maintenance of security of insurance of human


    rights
    - no technical human rights contribution to ground communication
    - low impact due to ad hoc interventions rather than institutional ones

    3. Conflict prevention by maintaining a diplomatic dialogue between Israel


    and Libanon

    4. No changes in the stage of the conflict

    Despite the hopes of different parties to have a ceasefire before the Ramadan
    as we could see there were no changes though a ceasefire.

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy