Adjectives

An adjective describes a noun / pronoun, tells

us all about quality, age, shape, size,
temperature, colour etc
 8 types of Adjectives
 Adjective of quality – eg: some, enough, no, sufficient .

 Proper adjective

 Adjective of number
 Demonstrative adjective- eg : This, That, these, those .
Note:-if these words are followed by verbs it is then a Demonstrative
pronoun
eg: This is a good girl.
That is a new dress
 8 types of Adjectives

 Distributive adjective – eg: each, every, either, neither.

 Interrogative adjective - eg: what, which & whose

 Adjective of quantity

 Possessive adjective – eg: My, our.

 Comparison of Adjectives
An adjective comes in three degrees - positive, comparative & superlative
degree.
 Positive degree denotes quality of a person, thing or group. It is used
when no comparison is made.
 when two things are compared, comparative degree is used
 Superlative degree is used to choose one out of a group of many.
eg:- He is a good boy
He is better than him.
He is the best.
 Correct Use of some adjectives
• correct use of 'some' & 'any' both mean a little used in is different.
→ Some and before uncountable noun & plural countable noun
eg : May have some water?
I have some friends visiting later.

• Use of few, little, much & many

 Correct Use of some adjectives

• Use of few, little, much & many

few (has 3 meanings) little (also has 3 meanings),

Few - hardly any little - Hardly any
A few - some but not many A little - some but not much
The few-Not many but all The little - Not much but all that is
Few, many countable available
Little, much uncountable
 Some Correct Uses of Adjective

1. If adjective of size, colour, age etc. come together in a sentence, they

should follow the sequence of -
Opinion Size Age Shape colour Origins Material Purpose
eg : beautiful old square brown Indian wooden dining table.

2. Two comparative and two superlative degree never come together

eg; She is the most cleverest of all students. x
She is the cleverest of all students. √
3. Possessive case comes after 'All' and 'Both’ are not before them.
eg: My with parents are working. X
Both my parents are working. √

4. If ‘the’ is used before adjective, it becomes a plural common noun and

it will take a plural verb.
eg:-The honest are rewarded

5. If tow adjectives are used for a single noun/pronoun and both are
connected by conjunction, both of them must be in some degree
eg:- Mother's love is the realest and purest form of love.
1. (a) I saw / (b) an anxious pale girl / (c) who was fidgetting near the
ICU / (d) No error

2. (a) Mumbai is / (b) further from / (c) Delhi than / (d) Patna. (e) No
error

3. (a) This book is / (b) undoubtedly preferable than / (c) that and its
printing (d) is also comparatively good. (e) No error

4. (a) You can trust / (b) this channel/ (c) for the last news of this
hour. (d) No error
5. (a) Everybody knows / (b) that Radha is the most unique / (c)
singer of this college/ (d) No error

6. (a) The faster he completes / (b) the work given to / (c) him, the
largest will be his profit. / (d) No error.

7. (a) He does not have / (b) some money to buy a new machine so
he is / (c) anxious / (d) No error

8. (a) This young lady is / (b) more beautiful but not so cultured /
(c) as her sister. (d) No error
9. (a) Now-a-days, / (b) the weather / (c) is getting cold and colder. /
(d) No error

10. (a) This photograph / (b) was comparatively better / (c) than
that which he had kept in his purse. / (d) No error

11. (a) Ram is as good, / (b) if not better than /(c) they./ (d) No error

12. (a) Gopal felt happily / (b) to learn that I / (c) had got a job in
the Bank./ (d) No error
13. (a) He is comparatively / (b) weaker / (c) in maths / (d) No error.

14. (a) Many a / (b) boys are / (c) absent today / (d) No error.

15. (a) Honest are / (b) rewarded / (c) sooner or later / (d) No error
Adverb
(Part -1)
 Adverb

An adverb qualifies a verb, adjective , adverb,

preposition, conjunction and a complete
sentence.
eg: He works hard.
He is a very good boy.
She dances very well.
The treasure was exactly under the big W sign.
She loves him simply because he is loyal .
Fortunately, no one was hurt.
 Adverb

Simple Relative Interrogative

Adverb Adverb Adverb
 a) Adverb of Manner
b) Adverb of time
c) Adverbs of place.
Simple
d) Adverb of frequency/number.
Adverb
e) Adverb of degree/quantity
f) Adverbs of reason.
g) Adverbs of negation / affirmation
1. Simple Adverb
denotes time, place, number, frequency of manner, season, degree,
affirmation/negation
a) Adverb of Manner
tell us how a verb is done

eg: She runs fast.

He dances gracefully.
1. Simple Adverb
b) Adverb of time
shows when the action took place.

eg : I reached early.
I have already spoken to her.
They came here daily.
More eg:- after, ago, early, late, now, then, soon, today & tomorrow.
1. Simple Adverb
c) Adverbs of place.
shows where action took place

eg :- Please come here.

I could not find him anywhere
1. Simple Adverb
d) Adverb of frequency/number.
shows how often.

Eg. He seldom makes mistakes.

She never wearers in a neckless manner.

More eg:- once, twice, thrice, never, always, seldom, often, frequently
1. Simple Adverb
e) Adverb of degree/quantity
show how much

eg: They are completely mistaken.

The weather is quite cold.
More eg:- very much, more, too, little, almost etc.
1. Simple Adverb
f) Adverbs of reason.
why action took place.

eg: I couldn't attend the class since I was not well.

He therefore left the country.
1. Simple Adverb
g) Adverbs of negation / affirmation

eg:- no, not, never, surly, certainly, truly.

He will certainly come
I have never learned driving.
2. Relative Adverb
• Joins sentences, points towards its noun/pronoun and
denotes place, reason/manner.
eg: She will come when I call her.
I remember the day when we first met.
3. Interrogative adverbs
• why, when, where, have.

eg :- Where have you reached?

Why are you surprised?
Practice
1. The boy is too careless.

2. The winds are very strong.

3. The baby slept soundly.

4. The soldiers fought the war valiantly.

5. Joey always tries his best.

6. Surely you are mistaken.

7. The movie is to end soon.

8. Your friend messaged again.

9. I did my homework already.

10. I was rather busy.

11. Is your mother within?

12. We looked for the lost puppy everywhere.

13. We do not know her.

14. How long is the trip?

15. Monica seldom visits here.

 Adjective Practice
1. The ship sustained heavy damage.

2. I have called Sam several times.

3. The teacher called your name twice.

4. Naomi won the second prize.

5. I haven't seen Mr Thomas for several days.

 Adjective Practice
6. The soldier died a glorious death.

7. I had an eventful day.

8. King Solomon was a wise king.

9. Penny saw the accident with her own eyes.

10. What colour shirt do you like?

Adverb
(Part -2)
 Adverb
Rules for adverbs

1. Adverb is always placed adjacent to the word that it modifies.

eg: Anushree usually goes to shop every Sunday

2. Adverbs can come at the beginning of a sentence.

Interrogative adverb modifying a sentence .

why are you up so late? Surely, I can do this.
3. Adverb of time are used before the verbs that they modify.
But if these adverbs come at the beginning of sentence , the
sentence takes an inversion form which means the verb /
helping verb comes at the beginning of sentence.
Eg: Seldom he visits his home.
Seldom does he visit his home.
No sooner she reached the station than the train left.
Hardly she had reached the station when the train arrived
4. Adverb of frequency / degree always comes after 'be' verb.

eg: Shreya is never sad

Nidhi is always ready for an adventure .
5. Difference V/w never and much.

used with the positive degree used with comparative degree

eg: very good, very honest , very good, very more honest ,
very wise very wiser .
 6. Use of 'fairly' and 'rather

used with the degree and used with the and comparative
with desirable adjectives degree and with unpleasant
adjectives .
Eg: He is fairly wise for his age. She is rather wicked.
Shreya is fairly good in maths . He is rather dull in class

• But phases like rather amusing,

rather good, rather pretty, beautiful are
also correct.
7.'Too' means 'also but 'too' usually-takes place of 'also’ when
needed after some clause or subject.
Eg: I also was invited for the party.
I too was invited for the party.

8. Enough acts both as an adverb and as an adjective.

Eg: She is smart enough to solve this problem.

She has enough knowledge to solve this problem.
9. Adverb as can be used with - regard, describe, define, treat,
view, know

Adverb as cannot be used with - elect, appoint, consider, call,

choose

eg: I regard him as my mentor.

Biology has been defined as the study of organisms.
Shi Narendra Modi is the chosen PM of India.
Preeti Sudan has been appointed chairman of UPSC.
10. Verbs of sensation (taste, smell, feel, appear, seem,
sound and look) take adjective and not adverb after them.

eg: I felt happy.

I danced happily.
I tasted delicious food.
I ate heartily.
Practice
1. The girl practices the piano regularly.

2. The alarm kept sounding continuously.

3. The crowd has dispersed.

4. I have seen this movie before.

5. Are you absolutely certain?

6. You are driving too recklessly.

7. I always give my best.

8. You are absolutely correct.

9. He solved the puzzle rapidly.

10. I have heard enough.

11. The girl often repeats the same mistake.

12. Why are you still here?

13. I could barely recognise her.

14. The small child is too timid to speak.

15. The bird flew away.

1. (a) A soldier is/ (b) taught never to/(c) fight cowardly./(d) No
error. 2. (a) A man of fifty/ (b) cannot be called/ (c) as young./
(d) No error.

3. (a) He is being/(b) very politely/ (c) for the reason best

known to him. /(d) No error.

4. (a) He is enough tall/(b) to be selected as Sub Inspector/ (c)

in Delhi Police./(d) No error.

5. (a) He is niggard/ (b) and saves each/(c) and every

paise./(d) No error.
Words used in Official Communication
Call it a day Keeping someone in the loop Cut to the chase

Due diligence Think outside the box Bottom-line Game changer

Agenda Brainstorm Deliverances Feedback Stakeholder

Synergy Touch vase Implement

1. Call it a day - used to announce the end of something.

2. Keeping someone in the loop - keeping someone informed of

something.

3. Cut to the chase - get to the point.

4. Due diligence - refers to necessary research that precedes

good decision.
5. Think outside the box - thinking in original,
unconventional manner.

6. Bottom-line - conclusion.

7. Game changer - revolutionary.

8. Agenda - list of items to be discussed in a meeting.

9. Brainstorm - to generate ideas collectively in informal way.

10. Deliverances - tangible / intangible outcomes to delivered

after task/project.

11. Feedback - Information / opinions about something used

as a basis for improvement.

12. Stakeholder - person with an interest a concern in a

business.
13. Synergy - interaction/cooperation of two / more
organisation to produce a greater effect.

14. Touch vase – to briefly contact / check in with someone.

15. Implement - to put a decision / plan into effect.

UKPSC Polytechnic Lecturer ( Gen. English )

Q1 - She played…….
a) beautiful
b) beauty
c) beautifuly
d) beautifully

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Q2 - The TV's far too…….
a) Loud
b) loudness
c) loudly
d) Either could be used here.

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Q3 - She speaks so very…..

a) quick
b) Quickly
c) Both
d) None of these

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Q4 - She's a………….learner.
a) quick
b) quickly
c) quickest
d) None of these

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Q5 - I know them quite……….
a) good
b) Well
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q6 - Check your work……….
a) careful
b) carefuly
c) Carefully
d) All of above

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Q7 - I've been having a lot of headaches…….

a) late
b) Lately
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q8 - He's a………….actor.
a) terrible
b) terribly
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q9 - He should pass the test……..

a) easy
b) easily
c) easilly
d) none

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Q10 - He's really lazy and………..tries.

a) hard
b) hardly
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q11 - The newspapers were very…………of the scheme.
a) critical
b) Critically
c) Either could be used here.
d) none
UKPSC Polytechnic Lecturer ( Gen. English )

Q12 - He's…………ill.
a) critical
b) Critically
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q13 - I don't ………..agree with

a) full
b) fuly
c) Fully
d) none

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Q14 - I was……….. shocked.

a) complete
b) Completely
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q15 - It was a ……….. mess.

a) complete
b) Completely
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q16 - They messed things up……….

a) complete
b) Completely
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q17 - It was a ………… day for us all.

a) sad
b) Sadly
c) Either could be used here.
d) none

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Q18: There was no doubt (1) in his mind that

his project (2) was the most best (3). Which
part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q18: Australia is (1) a very unique (2) country (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q19: Rahul's mother was unhappy (1), his marks

were lowest (2) than the class average (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q20:The students felt sadly (1) that their
teacher (2) was leaving (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q21: He could only eat (1) the fruits as

everything (2) else contained eggs and he was
allergic (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q22: Don't ride your bicycle (1) so dangerous (2)

in the middle of the road (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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Q23: he surgeon (1) efficiency stitched (2) up

the wound (3).
Which part of the sentence is incorrect?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Sentence is correct

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