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    DCN 1.1

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    2 views13 pages

    DCN 1.1

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    K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik.

    Program: Information Technology (IF)


    Semester: IV Scheme: K
    Course: Data Communication and Computer Network
    Course Code: 314318
    Unit-1: Fundamentals of Data Communication and
    Computer Network
    Topic : Process of Data Communication, Modes of
    communication
    Course Outcome:
    CO-1: Analyze the functioning of Data Communication and Computer Network.
    (16 Marks)

    Theory Learning Outcomes:


    TLO 1.1 Describe the role of the given component in the process of data communication.
    TLO 1.3 Explain the process of data communication using the given mode.
    Contents:
    ● What is Data Communication?
    ● Components of Data Communication
    ● Protocols, Standards, Standard Organizations
    ● Data Communication Terms
    ● Characteristics of Data Communication
    ● Modes of Communication
    ● Discussion on Questions from MSBTE Q. Papers
    What is Data Communication?
    ● Process of transferring data between two or more devices over a
    transmission medium, such as a wire, wireless medium, or other
    communication channel.
    ● A common example of data communication is connecting laptop to a Wi-Fi
    network.
    ● This action requires a wireless medium to send and receive data from remote
    servers.
    ● Components of Data Communication:
    1. Sender or Transmitter
    2. Receiver
    3. Medium
    4. Message
    5. Protocol
    Components of Data Communication
    1) Message: The data to be transmitted or communicated, which can include
    numbers, text, photos, sound, or video.
    2) Sender: The computer or device (e.g., phone, tablet) that sends the message.
    3) Receiver: The computer or device that receives the message, which can be
    different from the sender.
    4) Medium: The channel through which the message is carried from sender to
    receiver, such as twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or wireless.
    5) Protocol: The set of rules that govern the communication between computers.
    These rules are followed by both the sender and receiver.
    Protocols, Standards, Standard Organizations

    - A Protocol is a particular set of rules for having a conversation between two


    computers to convey a specific set of information.
    - Both devices follow the same set of rules or protocol so that they understand
    each other.
    - Standards are the set of rules for data communication that are needed for
    the exchange of information among devices.
    - Standard Organizations for Data Communication :
    1) International Standard Organization (ISO)
    2) American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
    3) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IEEE)
    4) Electronic Industries Association(EIA)
    Data Communication Terms
    1. Bandwidth:
    - Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over
    a network connection in a given amount of time.
    - It is usually measured in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second
    (Kbps), megabits per second (Mbps), or gigabits per second (Gbps).
    2. Data Transmission Rate:
    - Speed at which data is transmitted from one device to another or within
    a network.
    - It is usually measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or megabytes per
    second (MBps).
    3. Baud Rate (Symbol Rate):
    - Number of symbols (pulses) transmitted per unit time (per second).
    4. Bits per second (Bit Rate):
    - Number of bits (0s or 1s) that can be sent or received in one second.
    Characteristics of Data Communication
    - The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on four fundamental
    characteristics: delivery, accuracy, timeliness and jitter.
    1) Delivery: The system must deliver data to the correct destination. Data must be
    received by the intended device or user.
    2) Accuracy: The system must deliver data accurately.
    3) Timeliness: The system must deliver data in a timely manner. Data delivered late
    are useless. This characteristic is responsible for real-time transmission.
    4) Jitter: Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time. It is the uneven delay
    in the delivery of audio or video packets.
    Modes of Communication
    - Communication modes refer to the mechanism of transferring of data between two
    devices connected over a network. There are three types of transmission
    modes.
    1) Simplex Mode
    2) Half duplex Mode
    3) Full duplex Mode
    Modes of Communication- Simplex mode
    - This communication is among two devices which are communicating with each
    other, one device can only be a sender and the other can only be a receiver.
    - This transmission is unidirectional.
    - Examples: Keyboards and monitors or displays, traditional FM radios etc.
    - Advantage: The sender can use the full capacity of the medium to transmit data, so
    more data is transmitted at a time.
    - Disadvantage: One way connection, so no inter-communication between devices.
    Modes of Communication- Half Duplex mode
    - In half-duplex mode, each device can both transmit and receive, but not at the
    same time.
    - When one device is sending, the other can only receive, and vice versa.
    - The half-duplex mode is used in cases where there is no need for communication in
    both directions at the same time.
    - Example: Walkie-talkie.
    - Advantage: both devices can send and receive data and also entire capacity of the
    transmission medium is used when transmitting data.
    - Disadvantage: As when one device is sending data then another one must wait, this
    can cause delay in sending the data at the right time.
    Modes of Communication- Full Duplex mode
    - Both devices can send and receive data at the same time.
    - Data going in a direction will share the capacity of the transmission medium with
    the data going in another direction.
    - Examples: Telephone, cell phone networks etc.
    - Advantage: Both parties can talk and listen to each other at the same time.
    - Disadvantage: If there is no dedicated path in the network then the capacity will be
    divided into two.
    Thank you

    Presented by: Mrs. M. P. Nawarkar, K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik

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