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    DESIGN OF KEYS

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Sharma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DESIGN OF KEYS

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Sharma
    1 views17 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views17 pages

    DESIGN OF KEYS

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Sharma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 17

    Design of Keys

    Keys
    • A key can be defined as a machine element which is used to connect
    the transmission shaft to rotating machine elements like pulleys, gears,
    sprockets or flywheels.
    Functions of the key
    1. transmit the torque from the shaft to the hub of
    the mating element and vice versa.
    2. Prevent relative rotational motion between the
    shaft and the joined machine element like gear
    or pulley.
    • A recess or slot machined either on the shaft or
    in the hub to accommodate the key is called
    keyway.
    • Keys are made of plain carbon steels like 45C8
    or 50C8

    2
    Various types of keys for transmitting torque

    3
    Other common types of keys

    4
    Saddle Keys and Sunk Keys
    • A saddle key is a key which fits in the keyway
    of the hub only.
    • A hollow saddle key has a concave surface at
    the bottom to match the circular surface of the
    shaft.
    • A flat saddle key has a flat surface at the
    bottom and it sits on the flat surface machined
    on the shaft.
    • The power is transmitted by means of friction.
    • Saddle key requires keyway only on the hub.
    • It cannot be used in medium and heavy duty
    applications.

    • A sunk key is a key in which half the thickness


    of the key fits into the keyway on the shaft and
    the remaining half in the keyway on the hub.
    • keyways are required both on the shaft as
    well as the hub of the mating element.
    • It is a positive drive.
    • sunk key is suitable for heavy duty
    application
    5
    Design of Square and Flat Keys

    Failure due to shear stress Failure due to compressive stress


    The shear stress t in the plane AB is given by The failure due to compressive stress will occur
    on surfaces AC or DB

    6
    Design of Square and Flat Keys

    Failure due to shear stress Failure due to compressive stress


    The shear stress t in the plane AB is given by The failure due to compressive stress will occur
    on surfaces AC or DB

    ⟹ Therefore, the compressive stress induced in a square key


    due to the transmitted torque is twice the shear stress. 7
    Q. 1: It is required to design a square key for fixing a gear on shaft of 25mm
    diameter. The shaft is transmitting 15 kW power at 720 rpm to the
    gear. The key is made of steel 50C4 (Syt = 460 N/mm2) and the factor
    of safety is 3. For key material, the yield strength in compression can
    be assumed to be equal to the yield strength in tension. Determine the
    dimensions of the key.

    The industrial practice is to use a square key with sides equal to one-quarter of the
    shaft diameter.

    8
    Selecting Keys without stress analysis
    Q. : The cross-section of a flat key for a 40 mm diameter shaft is 22 \ 14
    mm. The power transmitted by the shaft to the hub is 25 kW at 300 rpm The
    key is made of steel (Syc = Syt = 300 N/mm2) and the factor of safety is 2.8.
    Determine the length of the key. Assume (Ssy = 0.577 Syt)

    17

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