BEST TEST PORTION 25-26

Physics
1. Rectilinear motion: distance, displacement, speed and velocity (average and instantaneous),
acceleration, uniform and non-uniform motion, motion under constant acceleration (including
gravity), graphical representation of motion.
2. Newton's laws of motion: Newton's three laws and its application, momentum, FBD, Friction,
equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases (connected bodies with same magnitude of
acceleration)
3. Ray optics- laws of reflection, reflection from plane surfaces, reflection from spherical
surfaces, paraxial ray approximation, mirror formula and its application, concept of refractive
index, laws of Refraction, Refraction from plane surface, total internal reflection and its
application, Refraction through spherical surface, Refraction through lens, human eye, defects
of vision, Refraction through prism, dispersion through a prism, atmospheric Refraction,
scattering of light.

Chemistry
1. Mole concept and Stoichiometry
Laws of Chemical Combination; Relative atomic masses (atomic weight) and relative
molecular masses (molecular weights); Idea of mole; Avogadro’s Law – molar volume of a
gas at S.T.P and calculations based on the molar volume; Deduction of simple (empirical) and
molecular formula from the percentage composition of a compound; simple calculations
based on chemical equations including reacting weight, volumes and number of moles,
Limiting reagent.
2. Structure of atom and Chemical Bonding
Electrons, protons and neutrons; JJ Thomson’s Model, Rutherford’s Model and Bohr’s model;
Atomic Number, Mass Number Isotopes and Isobar; Valency and distribution of electrons in
orbits; Covalent and Ionic Bond formation and structures of basic covalent compounds.
3. Chemical reactions
Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical
equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double
displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction.
4. Acids, bases and salts
Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General properties, examples
and uses, neutralization, concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm), importance of
pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking
soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris; Electrolytes and non-electrolytes, basic electrolysis
reactions of salts.
5. Metals and nonmetals
Physical and Chemical Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series and its
application; Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes;
Corrosion and its prevention.
 Mathematics
1. REAL NUMBERS:
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done earlier and
after illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of irrationality of sqrt 2 etc

2. POLYNOMIALS:
Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic
polynomials
3. PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES:
Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution,
consistency/inconsistency. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. Solution of a pair of
linear equations in two variables algebraically - by substitution, by elimination. Situational
problems.
4. COORDINATE GEOMETRY:
Concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance formula. Section
formula (internal division).
5. TRIANGLES:
Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles. Properties of similar triangles.
6. INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY:
Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence
(well defined); Values of the trigonometric ratios of 30, 45 and 60 degrees etc. Relationships
between the ratios. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES Proof and applications
7. HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES:
Angle of elevation, Angle of Depression. Simple problems on heights and distances.
8. AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES:
Area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter /
circumference of the above said plane figures. (In calculating area of segment of a circle,
problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90° and 120° only.
9. STATISTICS:
Mean, median and mode of grouped data
 Biology
1. Life process:
Nutrition: Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, Nutrition in organisms, nutrition in
Human beings, Human alimentary canal.
Respiration: Aerobic and anaerobic respiration, Breakdown of glucose, ATP, Human
respiratory system, Haemoglobin.
Transportation: Transportation in Human beings, the Heart, Blood, Double circulation,
Blood pressure, blood vessels, platelets, lymph, Transportation in plants, transport of water,
transpiration, transport of food and other substance, translocation.
Excretion: Excretion in Human beings, excretory system in Human beings, structure of
nephron, artificial kidney (Haemodialysis), Excretion in plants.
2. Control and Coordination:
Coordination in animals: Animal nervous system, Structure of neuron, neuromuscular
junction, reflex action, reflex arc, Human brain, Bony box, vertebral column, nervous tissue.
Coordination in plants, response to stimuli in plants, movements due to growth, geotropism,
response of plant to the direction of light.
Hormones in animals, endocrine glands.
3. The Fundamental unit of life:
Cells, various kinds of cells, compound microscope.
Composition of cell and structural organization of a cell: Plasma membrane/cell membrane,
cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell, Cell organelles
(Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles).
Animal cell and plant cell.
Cell division: Mitosis and Meiosis.
4. Tissue:
Plant tissue: Meristematic tissue, Permanent tissue (simple permanent and complex
permanent), section of stem, various types of simple tissues (parenchyma, Collenchyma,
sclerenchyma), types of complex tissue (tracheid, vessels, xylem parenchyma, phloem),
guard cells and epidermal cells.
Animal tissue: Epithelial tissue, different types of epithelial tissues (Squamous, stratified
squamous, cuboidal, columnar), Connective tissue, Types of connective tissues ( Types of
blood cells, Compact bone, Hyaline cartilage, Areolar tissue, adipose tissue), Muscular
tissue, types of muscle fibres (striated muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle), Nervous
tissue, neuron unit of nervous tissue.