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Elp-01 Fom Final

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sjasneet412
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SUBJECT : IIT-MATH ELP NO.-01 TOPIC : F.O.M.

Comprehension - (Q. No. 1 to 2)


The number system consisting of integers and its subsets lead to substantial insight in
mathematical churning, yet several hurdles were encountered in dealing with plethora of
other mathematical equations especially those of polynomial equations. Hence a need was
felt to extend the known set of numbers. This paved way for defining rational numbers,
irrational numbers and real numbers.
p
Rational Numbers (Q) :- Numbers which can be expressed in the form q , p, q  I, q ≠ 0.
Terminating and recurring decimals are also rational numbers.
Note that all integers are also rational numbers
2 4 11
Ex :- 3 , 9 , 3 , 0.123 , 3.125 ....
p
Irrational Numbers :- Real numbers which cannot be expressed in the form q , p, q  I, q ≠ 0 are
called irrational numbers. Non-terminating and non-recurring decimals are irrational
numbers.
3
Ex :- 2 3 , π, e.
22 355
value of π is generally approximated by 7 , 3.14, 113 .
value of e is generally approximated by 2.71828
22 355
Note that π ≠ 7 , π ≠ 3.14, π ≠ 113 , e ≠ 2.71828
22
In fact 3.14 < π ≠ < 7 .
It is noteworthy that irrational numbers are not defined as what they are instead they are
defined as what they are not. Hence if a number is to be proved as an irrational number
there is no direct way. We generally assume it to be a rational number which upon further
calculation leads to a contradiction, thus establishing the fact that it is an irrational
number.

Set of Real numbers (R) is set consisting of rational and irrational numbers.

Given below are some trivial methods of dealing with problems involving rational and
irrational numbers.

Note -1 : If a, b, c, d ∈ Q and λ is an irrational number such that a + bλ = c + dλ


⇒ a=c&b=d
In other words we compare rational & irrational terms on both the sides, for example
(i) If b, c ∈Q 2+b 5 =c+7 5 ⇒ c = 2 and b = 7

1
3+ 2
(ii) If a, b ∈ Q such that 2 + 2 = a + b 2 , then
3+ 2 2− 2 4− 2 4− 2 1
. = =
LHS = 2 + 2 2 − 2 4−2 2 = a + b 2 (RHS) ⇒ a = 2 and b = – 2

Note-2 : If x is a recurring decimal then it is a rational number and we can always express
p
it as q , q ≠ 0, p, q, ∈I, for example.

(i) x = 0.12 ⇒ 100x = 12.12


12 4
=
subtracting we get 99x = 12 ⇒ x = 99 33
(ii) x = 0.27 ⇒ 10x = 2.7 ⇒ 100x = 27.7
25 5
=
subtracting we get 90x = 25 ⇒ x= 90 18

(iii) x = 2.123 ⇒ 10x = 21.23 ⇒ 1000x = 2123.23


2102 1051
=
subtracting we get 990x = 2102 ⇒ x = 990 445
1. Which of the following number is irrational
4
3
8 7
(A) 9 (B) 27 (C) 22 (D) π + 16 − 8 + 2
p
2. If p, q  N and 0.12 = q where p and q are relatively prime then identify which of the
following is incorrect
(A) p is a prime number (B) q – p is a prime number
(C) q + p is a prime number (D) q is a prime number
3. Consider the following statements
(i) The sum of a rational number with an irrational number is always irrational.
(ii) The product of two rational numbers is always rational.
(iii) The product of two irrationals is always irrationals.
(iv) The sum of two rational is always rational.
(v) The sum of two irrationals is always irrational.
The correct order of True/False of above statements is:
(A) T F T F F (B) F F T T T (C) T T F T F (D) T T F F T
4. The equation 7x2 – (7 π + 22) x + 22 π = 0 has
(A) equal roots (B) a root which is negative
(C) rational roots only (D) a rational root and an irrational root.
5. An irrational number is
(A) A terminating and non-repeating decimal
(B) A non-terminating and non-repeating decimal
(C) A terminating and repeating decimal
(D) A non-terminating and repeating decimal
6. Find out (A + B + C + D) such that AB x CB = DDD, where AB and CB are two-digit numbers
and DDD is a three-digit number.
(A) 21 (B) 19 (C) 17 (D) 18

2
39 2 − 5
7. Let a, b  Q such that 3− 2 = a + b 2 , then
b
(A) a is a rational number (B) b and a are coprime rational numbers
(C) b – a is a composite number (D) a + b is a rational number
8. Identify the correct statement
(A) If x  Q ⇒ x  Q (B) If x2  Q and x7  Q ⇒ x  Q
(C) If x3  Q and x7  Q ⇒ x  Q (D) If x4  Q and x11  Q ⇒ x  Q
1 1 1 1
9. If x = 3 + 2 , then find x + x , x2 + x 2 , x3 + x 3 , x4 + x 4
1 1 1
10. Find the sum 1 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 + ......... upto 99 terms.
11. Which of the following statement is true?
(A) Every point on the number line represents a rational number
(B) Irrational numbers cannot be represented by points on the number line
22
(C) is a rational number
7
(D) none of these
12. Rational number between √2 and √3 is
√2+√3
(A) 2
√2×√3
(B) 2
(C) 1.5
(D) 1.8
√5−√5
13. The number 5+ 5 is
√
(A) Rational
(B) Irrational
(C) Both
(D) Can't say
14. 0. 23 + 0. 22 = ?
(A) 0. 45
(B) 0. 43
(C) 0.45
(D) 0.45
961
15. 625
is a
(A) Terminating decimal
(B) non-terminating decimal
(C) Cannot be determined
(D) none of these

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